管理信息系统外文翻译

管理信息系统名词解析管理信息系统（Management Information System，简称MIS）是现代企业中广泛应用的信息处理系统，它通过收集、处理、存储和传递数据，为组织内的管理层提供决策支持和业务分析等服务。

为了帮助读者更好地理解和应用MIS，本文将对一些与管理信息系统密切相关的名词进行解析。

一、ERP系统企业资源计划（Enterprise Resource Planning，简称ERP）系统是一种通过集成多个部门和业务功能的软件解决方案，旨在协调企业内部的各项资源，提高生产效率和管理水平。

它涵盖了财务管理、供应链管理、客户关系管理等各个方面，并通过数据共享和协同工作来提升企业的整体运营效能。

二、CRM系统客户关系管理（Customer Relationship Management，简称CRM）系统是一种用于管理公司与客户之间关系的软件工具。

它通过集中整合客户数据、跟踪销售过程、分析市场趋势等方式，帮助企业更好地了解客户需求、提高客户满意度、增加销售额和客户忠诚度。

CRM系统也能够提供个性化的营销策略和客户服务，为企业提供可持续发展的竞争优势。

三、SCM系统供应链管理（Supply Chain Management，简称SCM）系统是一种帮助企业有效管理供应链的软件工具。

供应链包括供应商、制造商、分销商和客户等各个环节，SCM系统通过信息技术的支持，实现资源的合理配置、生产计划的优化、库存的最小化等目标。

通过实时的数据共享和协同协作，SCM系统能够提高供应链的效率和协调性，降低企业的运营成本，提高客户服务质量。

四、BI系统商业智能（Business Intelligence，简称BI）系统是一种通过数据采集、整合、分析和展示等方式，为企业的决策者提供实时、准确的信息支持。

它能够从多个信息源获取数据，进行数据挖掘和模式识别，帮助企业管理层制定更符合市场需求和竞争趋势的决策。

BI系统通过直观的图表、报表和仪表盘展示数据，使决策者能够更全面地了解企业的经营状况和潜在的商机，从而更好地规划和管理企业的发展。

外文翻译原文Management Information SystemMaterial Source: High Technology Letters, Computer Science Pr. 2003（5）.Author: McFadden F.RIt is the MIS(Management Information System ) that we constantly say that the management information system , and is living to emphasize the administration , and emphasizes that it changes into more and more significantly and more and more is universalized in the contemporary community of message . MIS is a fresh branch of learning, and it leaped over several territories, and for instance administers scientific knowledge, system science, operational research, statistic along with calculating machine scientific knowledge. Is living on these the branches of learning base, and takes shape that the message is gathered and the process means, thereby take shape the system that the crossbar mingles.1. The Management Information System Summary20 centuries, in the wake of the flourishing development of whole world economy, numerous economists propose the fresh administration theory one by one. Xi Men propose the administration and was dependent on idea to message and decision of strategic importance in the 50’s 20 centuries. The dimension of simultaneous stage is admitted issuing cybernetics, and he thinks that the administration is a control procedure. In 1958, Ger. write the lid: “the administration shall obtain without delay with the lower cost and exact message, completes the better control “. This particular period, the calculating machine starts being used accountancy work. The data handling term has risen.In 1970, Walter T.Kennevan give administration that has raised the only a short while ago information system term to get off a definition: “ either the cover of the book shape with the discount, is living appropriately time to director, staff member along with the outside world personnel staff supplies the past and now and message that internal forecasting the approaching relevant business reaches such environment, in order to assist they make a strategic decision”. Is living in this definition to emphasize, yet does not emphasize using the pattern, and mention the calculating machine application in the way of the message support decision of strategicimportance.In 1985, admonishing information system originator, title Buddhist nun Su Da university administration professor Gordon B.Davis give the management information system relatively integrated definition, in immediate future “ administer the information system is one use calculating machine software and hardware resources along with data bank man - the engine system.It be able to supply message support business either organization operation, administration or the decision making function. Comprehensive directions of this definition management information system target and meritorious service capacity and component, but also make known the management information system to be living the level that attains at that time.1.1The Developing History of MISThe management information system is living the most primarily phase is counting the system, the substance which researched is the regular pattern on face between the incremental data, it what may separate into the data being mutually related and more not being mutually related series, afterwards act as the data conversion to message.The second stage is the data are replaced the system, and it is that the SABRE that the American airline company put up to in the 50’s 20 centuries subscribes to book the bank note system that such type stands for. It possess 1008 bank note booking spots, and may access 600000 traveler keep the minutes and 27000 flight segments record. Its operation is comparatively more complex, and is living whatever one “spot ”wholly to check whether to be the free place up some one flight numbers. Yet through approximately attending school up to say, it is only a data and replaces the system, for instance it can not let know you with the bank note the selling velocity now when the bank note shall be sell through, thereby takes remedying the step. As a result it also is administer information system rudimentary phase.The third phase is the status reports system, and it may separate into manufacture state speech and service state and make known and research the systems such as status reports and so on. Its type stands for the production control system that is the IBM corporation to the for instance manufacture state speech system. As is known to all, the calculating machine corporation that the IBM corporation is the largest on the world, in 1964 it given birth to middle-sized calculating machine IBM360 and causes the calculating machine level lift a step, yetform that the manufacture administration work. Yet enormously complicatedly dissolve moreover, the calculating machine overtakes 15000 difference components once more, in addition the plant of IBM extends all over the American various places to every one components once more like works an element, and the order of difference possess difference components and the difference element, and have to point out that what element what plant what installation gives birth to, hence not merely giving birth to complexly, fitting, installation and transportation wholly fully complex. Have to there be a manufacture status reports system that takes the calculating machine in order to guarantee being underway successfully of manufacture along with else segment as the base. Hence the same ages IBM establish the systematic AAS of well-developed administration it be able to carry on 450 professional work operations. In 1968, the corporation establishes the communal once more and manufactures informationsystem CMIS and runs and succeeds very much, the past needs 15 weeks work, that system merely may be completed in the way of 3 weeks.It is the data handling system that the status reports system still possess one kind of shape , and that it is used for handles the everyday professional work to make known with manufacture , and stress rests with by the handwork task automation , and lifts the effectiveness with saves the labor power . The data handling system ordinarily can not supply decision of strategic importance message.Last phase is the support systems make a strategic decision, and it is the information system being used for supplementary making a strategic decision. That system may program and the analysis scheme, and goes over key and the error solve a problem. Its proper better person-machine dialogue means, may with not particularly the personnel staff who have an intimate knowledge of the calculating machine hold conversation. It ordinarily consists of some pattern so as to come into being decision of strategic importance message, yet emphasize comprehensive administration meritorious service capacity.1.2 The Application of Management Information SystemThe management information system is used to the most base work, like dump report form, calculation pay and occurrences in human tubes and so on, and then developing up business financial affairs administrations and inventory control and so on individual event operational control , this pertains to the electron data handling ( EDP Data Processing ) system . When establish the business data bank, thereby possess the calculating machine electric network to attain data sharing queen , theslave system concept is start off , when the implementation the situation as a whole is made program and the design information system ,attained the administration information system phase . In the wake of calculating machine technique progress and the demand adjust the system of people lift further, people emphasize more furthermore administer the information system phase. Progress and people in the wake of the calculating machine technique lift at the demand adjust the system further, people emphasize more furthermore to administer the information system whether back business higher level to lead makes a strategic decision this meritorious service capacity, still more lay special emphasis on the gathering to the external message of business and integrated data storehouse, model library , means storehouse and else artificial intelligence means whether directly to decision of strategic importance person , this is the support system ( DDS ) mission making a strategic decision.There is the part application that few business start MIS inner place the limit of the world at the early days of being living in the 70’s 20 centuries. Up at the moment, MIS is living, and there be the appropriatePopularization rate in every state nation in world, and nearly covered that every profession reaches every department.1.3 The Direction of MIS DevelopmentClose 20 curtains; external grand duke takes charge of having arisen3 kinds of alternations:A. Paying special attention to the administration being emphasized toestablishing MIS’s system, and causing the administration te chnique headfor the ageing.B. The message is the decision of strategic importance foundation, and MISsupplies the message service in the interest of director at all times.C. Director causes such management program getting in touch with togetherwith the concrete professional work maneuver by means of MIS. notmerely big-and-middle-sized business universally establish MIS somesmall-size business also not exceptions of self, universally establish thecommunal data network, like the electronic mail and electron dataexchange and so on, MIS supplied the well support environment to theapplication of Intranet’s technique to speedily developing of INTERNETespecially in the past few years in the interest of the business.Through international technique develo pment tendency is see, in the 90’s 20centuries had arisen some kinds of brand-new administration technique.（1）Business Processes Rebuild (BPR)A business should value correctly time and produce quality, manufacturing cost and technical service and so on several section administrations, grip at the moment organization and the process compose once more,andcompletes that meritorious service capacity integrationist, operation processization and organization form fluctuation. Shall act as the service veer of middle layer management personnel staff the decision of strategic importance of the director service?（2）Intelligentization Decision Support System (IDSS)The intelligentization decision of strategic importance support system was sufficiently consider demand and the work distinguishing feature of business higher level personnel staff.（3）Lean Production (LP)Application give birth to on time, comprehensive quality control and parallel project that picked amount is given birth to and so on the technique, the utmost product design cutting down and production cycle, raise produce quality and cuts down the reproduced goods to reserve, and is living in the manufacture promote corps essence, in order to meet the demand that client continuously changes.（4）Agile Manufacture (AM)One kind of business administration pattern that possess the vision, such distinguishing feature is workers and staff members’ quality is high, and the organization simplifies and the multi-purpose group effectiveness GAO message loading is agile and answers client requires swiftly.2. The Effect To The Business Administration of MIS DevelopmentThe effect to the business administration of the management information system development is administered the change to business and business administration of information system development and come into being and is coming into being the far-reaching effect with.Decision of strategic importance, particularly strategic decision-making may be assisted by the administration information system, and its good or bad directly affects living and the development up the business. The MIS is impeding the orientation development that the administration means one another unites through quality and ration. This express to utilize the administration in the calculation with the different mathematical model the problem in the quantitative analysis business. The past administer that the problem is difficult to test, but MIS may unite theadministration necessaries, and supply the sufficient data, and simulates to produce the term in the interest of the administration.In the wake of the development of MIS, much business sit up the decentralized message concentration to establish the information system ministry of directly under director, and the chief of information system ministry is ordinarily in the interest of assistant manager’s grade. After the authority of business is centralized up high-quality administration personnel staff’s hand, as if causing much sections office work decrease, hence someone prophesy, middle layer management shall vanish. In reality, the reappearance phase employed layer management among the information system queen not merely not to decrease, on the contrary there being the increase a bit.This is for, although the middle layer management personnel staff getting off exonerate out through loaded down with trivial details daily routine, yet needs them to analyses researching work in the way of even more energy, lift further admonishing the decision of strategic importance level. In the wake of the development of MIS, the business continuously adds to the demand of high technique a talented person, but the scarce thing of capability shall be washed out gradually. This compels people by means of study and cultivating, and continuously lifts individual’s quality. InThe wake of the news dispatch and electric network and file transmission system development, business staff member is on duty in many being living incomparably either the home. Having caused that corporation save the expenses enormously, the work efficiency obviously moves upward American Rank Zeros corporation the office system on the net, in the interest of the creativity of raise office personnel staff was produced the advantageous term.At the moment many countries are fermenting one kind of more well-developed manufacturing industry strategy, and become quickly manufacturing the business. It completely on the basis of the user requirement organization design together with manufacture, may carry on the large-scale cooperation in the interest of identical produce by means of the business that the flow was shifted the distinct districts, and by means of the once more programming to the machinery with to the resources and the reorganization of personnel staff , constituted a fresh affrication system, and causes that manufacturing cost together with lot nearly have nothing to do with. Quickly manufacturing the business establishes a whole completely new strategy dependence relation against consumer, and is able to arouse the structure ofproduction once more revolution.The management information system is towards the self-adoption and Self-learning orientation development, the decision procedure of imitation man who is be able to be better. Some entrepreneurs of the west vainly hope that consummate MIS is encircles the magic drug to govern the business all kinds of diseases; Yet also someone says, and what it is too many is dependent on the defeat that MIS be able to cause on the administration. It is adaptable each other to comprehend the effect to the business of MIS, and is favor of us to be living in development and the research work, and causes the business organization and administer the better development against MIS of system and administration means, and establish more valid MIS.译文资料来源：Computer Suence Pr. 计算机科学（2003.5）作者：McFadden F.R管理信息系统MIS （Management Information System），它就是我们所说的管理信息系统，它强调在生活上的应用，并且在当今信息社会普及的背景下应用得越来越广泛。

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HRM通过招聘、培训、绩效管理、薪酬福利等手段，激发员工
的潜力和创造力，提高员工的工作积极性和满意度。
HRM还能够帮助企业实现人力资源的优化配置，提高人力资源
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的利用效率。
电子商务（EC）
01
02
03
电子商务（EC）是指利 用互联网和电子技术进
行的商业活动。
EC通过在线销售、在线 支付、物流配送等方式 ，实现商业交易的电子
系统架构设计
设计系统的整体结构，包括硬件和软件配置 。
数据库设计
设计系统数据库结构，确定数据存储和访问 方式。
系统开发与实现
1 2
编程语言和工具选择
根据系统设计和需求选择合适的编程语言和开发 工具。
模块开发与实现
按照系统设计，逐个实现系统功能模块。
3
数据迁移与集成
将旧系统数据迁移到新系统中，实现数据集成。
软件测试与维护
进行全面的软件测试和维护，确保系统的稳定性和可靠性。
数据安全与隐私保护
数据加密与备份
采用数据加密和备份技术，防止数据丢失和 被非法访问。
访问控制与权限管理
建立完善的访问控制和权限管理制度，确保 数据的安全性和完整性。
隐私政策与合规性
遵循相关法律法规和隐私政策，保护用户个 人隐私和信息安全。
云计算技术
通过虚拟化、分布式计算等技术，实现资源共享、灵活扩展和高效管理，为企业提供便捷、可靠的计算和存储服 务。
融合发展
将云计算技术与管理信息系统进行深度融合，实现系统资源的动态管理和按需服务，提高系统的可用性和可靠性 。
管理信息系统在数字化转型中的作用与挑战
作用
管理信息系统是数字化转型的重要支撑 ，通过数据整合、流程优化等功能，推 动企业实现数字化转型，提高运营效率 和竞争力。

管理信息系统Management Information System信息系统是由人、硬件、软件、网络和数据库组成的。

它可以在组织中收集、处理和传播信息。

Information system has five primary components: Hardware .Software .Data (information for decision making) 4.) Procedures (design, development and documentation), and 5.) People.信息系统的活动：搜集信息，处理信息，保存信息，传递信息，输出信息。

Activity of information system: collecting information, disposing information, saving information, spread information and transferring information.Management information systems are distinct from other information systems because they are used to analyze and facilitate （help）strategic and operational activities.Enterprise systems—also known as enterprise resource planning(ERP) systems—provide integrated software modules and a unified database that personnel use to plan, manage, and control core business processes across multiple locations. Modules of ERP systems may include finance, accounting, marketing, human resources, production, inventory management, and distribution.Supply chain management (SCM) systems enable more efficient management of the supply chain by integrating the links in a supply chain. This may include suppliers, manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, and final customers.Customer relationship management (CRM) systems help businesses manage relationships with potential and current customers and business partners across marketing, sales, and service.Knowledge management system (KMS) helps organizations help the collection, recording, organization, retrieval（search）, and spread of knowledge. This may include documents, accounting records, unrecorded procedures, practices, and skills. Knowledge management (KM) as a system covers the process of knowledge creation and acquisition from internal processes and the external world. The collected knowledge is incorporated in organizational policies and procedures, and then disseminated to the stakeholders.这门课向我们介绍了信息系统的活动，电脑的结构，然后向我们介绍了数据库的请求语言，网络操作，包括信息输出媒介，连接部分和网络协议。

实验室管理信息系统外文翻译nXXX universities。

The management of these laboratories is a critical component of the overall management system。

Implementing scientific and modern management practices can XXX the level of teaching and research。

The laboratory n management system utilizes computer XXX n to manage computer are。

hardware systems。

and testing through the n of computer technology and management science.nXXX ns。

With the help of computer orks。

these XXX n。

The system can manage laboratory resources。

including equipment。

materials。

and personnel。

and provide real-time data on laboratory ns.The laboratory n management system can also XXX。

The system can automate data n and analysis。

cing the time and effort required for manual data entry。

The system can also streamline laboratory workflows。

XXX.XXX efficiency。

the laboratory n management system can enhance the quality of teaching and research。

管理信息系统英语结构表达法管理信息系统（Management Information System，简称MIS）是指在组织中使用计算机和通信技术来收集、处理、存储和传递信息的系统。

它是一个综合性的系统，由硬件、软件、数据库、网络和人员组成，旨在支持管理决策和组织运营。

MIS的英语结构表达法可以根据不同的方面进行解释。

以下是一些常见的MIS相关术语及其解释：1. Management Information System (MIS)MIS refers to a comprehensive system that utilizes computer and communication technologies to collect, process, store, and transmit information within an organization. It comprises hardware, software, databases, networks, and personnel, and is designed to support managerial decision-making and organizational operations.2. HardwareHardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage devices, input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse), and output devices (e.g., monitor, printer). It provides the necessary infrastructure for running softwareand storing data.3. SoftwareSoftware refers to the programs, instructions, and data that control and operate computer hardware. It includes operating systems, application software, and utility programs. Operating systems manage computer resources, while application software enables specific tasks or functions to be performed, such as word processing or data analysis.4. DatabaseA database is an organized collection of data that is stored and accessed electronically. It consists of tables, records, and fields, where tables represent entities, records represent individual instances, and fields represent specific data elements. Databases enable efficient storage, retrieval, and manipulation of data for use in MIS.5. NetworkA network is a collection of interconnected devices, such as computers, servers, and routers, that facilitate communication and information sharing. Networks can be local area networks (LANs), connecting devices within a limited geographical area, or wide area networks (WANs), connecting devices across larger distances. They enable datatransmission and resource sharing among users in an MIS.6. PersonnelPersonnel in an MIS context refer to the individuals who operate, maintain, and utilize the system. They include IT professionals responsible for system administration, database management, software development, and user support. Personnel play a crucial role in ensuring the effective functioning and utilization of MIS within an organization.以上是对管理信息系统英语结构表达法的解释，希望能够对您有所帮助。

API advanced programmer interface 高级程序员接口BSP business system planning 企业系统规划法B/S browser/server 浏览器/服务器模式BPR business process reengineering 业务流程再造CPC collaborative product commerce 协同产品商务CSF critical success factors 关键成功因素法C/S client/server 客户机/服务器模式CORBA common object request broker architecture 通用对象请求代理服务体系结构CASE computer aided software engineering计算机辅助软件工程CMM capital maturity model for software 软件成熟度模型CIMS computer integrated manufacturing system 计算机集成制造系统CIMS contemporary integrated manufacturing system 现代集成制造系统CAD computer aided design计算机辅助设计系统CAPP computer aided process planning计算机辅助工艺设计CAM computer aided manufacturing计算机辅助制造系统COPICS communication oriented production information and control system 面向通信的生产信息和控制系统CE concurrent engineering 并行工程CNC Computer numerical control数控机床CRM customer relationship management 客户关系管理CIO chief information officer 首席信息主管DBA database administrator 数据库管理员DFD data flow diagram 数据流图DDL data description language 数据库描述语言EC electronic commerce 电子商务ERP enterprise resource planning企业资源计划FMS flexible manufacturing system 柔性制造系统GUI Graphical User Interface图形用户界面IDEF (ICAM definition method) 集成计算机辅助制造定义方法ICAM integrated computer aided manufacturingISO international standard organization 国际标准化组织IPO input-processing-output输入-处理-输出-图JIT just in time 准时制JMS java message service java消息服务MDA model-driven architecture 模型驱动架构MIS Management Information System 管理信息系统MRP material requirements planning 物料需求计划闭环MRP closed material requirements planning 闭环物料需求计划MRPII manufacturing resource planning 制造资源计划MDD model-driven development 模型驱动开发方法NC Numerical Control 数字控制，简称数控OPM order point method 订货点法OA office automation 办公自动化OOM object-oriented-method 面向对象开发方法OOA object-oriented analysis面向对象分析OMG object management group 对象管理组织OOD object-oriented design面向对象设计OOP object oriented programming面向对象程序设计PDM product data management 产品数据管理RAS reusable asset specification 可复用的资产规范RAD rapid application development 快速应用开发RIA rich internet application 丰富交互效果SC software crisis 软件危机SOAP simple object access protocolSCM supply chain management 供应链管理SSA&D structured system analysis and design 结构化系统开发方法SADT structured analysis and design techniqueSST strategy set transformation 战略目标集转化法SDLC system development life cycle 结构化生命周期法SaaS software-as-a-service 软件即服务TFD transaction flow diagram 业务流程图TQCSE T（time时间）Q（quality质量）C（costing成本）S（service服务）E （environment环境）UI user interface 用户界面UML unified modeling language 统一建模语言VM virtual manufacturing 虚拟制造WSDL web service description language web服务描述语言W3C world wide web consortium 万维网联盟3A agile adaptable aligned 敏捷性、适应性、合作性。

管理信息系统英文教材
管理信息系统（Management Information Systems，简称MIS）是一个涵盖广泛的领域，因此，可以选择多本不同的英文教材来深入学习。

以下是一些推荐的管理信息系统英文教材：
"Introduction to Management Information Systems"，作者：Stephen A. Zefon
"Management Information Systems: A Business Perspective"，作者：William R. Davidson
"Management Information Systems: An Integrated Approach"，作者：Efraim Turban，David King，Jeffrey L. Vansickle "Information Technology for Management: An Integrated Approach"，作者：Robert S. Kaplan
"Management Information Systems: The Key Elements"，作者：John A. Zachman
这些教材都是管理信息系统领域的经典之作，内容涵盖了管理信息系统的基本概念、技术、应用和管理等方面。

选择一本适合自己的教材，结合实际案例和实践经验进行学习，有助于深入理解管理信息系统的原理和应用。

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管理信息系统双语——总复习 Systems from a Constituency Perspective: ★ ★ ★
Transaction Processing Systems(TPS), Management Information Systems(MIS),
管 理 信 息 系 统
Decision-Support Systems(DSS), Executive Support Systems(ESS)
4. Types of Business Information Systems
Systems for Functional Perspective: Sales and Marketing Systems, Manufacturing and Production Systems, Finance and Accounting Systems, Human Resources Systems
5. Enterprise Applications: ★ ★ ★ ★ ★
Enterprise Systems Supply Chain Management Systems Customer Relationship Management Systems Knowledge Management Systems
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管理信息系统双语——总复习 7. push-based model, pull-based model ★ ★ 8. Supply chain planning systems, supply chain execution 管 理 信 息 系 统 systems ★ ★ 9. CRM Systems capture and integrate customer data from all over the organization, consolidate the data, analyze the data, and then distribute the results to various systems and customer touch points across the enterprise. 10. cross-selling, up-selling, bundling ★ ★ 11. churn rate★ ★

Channels of communication
1. 2. 3. 4. Telephone Written reports Face-to-face Newspapers, journals, magazines 5. Internet (email, QQ, MSN,
Workgroup, Activity Directory, BBS and so on)
Others about the Unit
1. Unit Time: 60 hours 2. Unit Credit: 4 credits 3. Material Required for this Unit:
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中文定义全文:
How dose a system work?
系统工作流程图
Input Process Output
Feedback loop
Monitored and ensure that systems are effective
What is a formal system?
一个正式的系统要具备:
Information flows within organization
1. Vertical information flows
2. Horizontal information flows
Thபைடு நூலகம் factors affect internal information flows
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The structure of the organization Overall policy Procedures 公司业务流程 Management style 管理模式 Physical location of other branches 分支机构的地域条件

中英文对照翻译信息管理系统对于“管理信息系统”并没有一致的定义。

一些作者喜欢用其他术语代替，例如：“信息处理系统”“信息与决策系统”“组织信息系统”，或者干脆将“信息系统”用组织内具有支持操作、管理、决策职能的计算机信息处理系统代替。

这篇文章使用“管理信息系统”一词，是因为它是通俗易懂的，当涉及组织信息系统时也常用“信息系统”代替“管理信息系统”。

一个管理信息系统的定义，通常被理解为：一种集成用户机器系统，为组织提供信息支持运作、管理、决策职能。

该信息系统利用计算机硬件和软件；手工处理程序；模拟分析法计划、控制和决策；和数据库。

事实上，它是一个集成系统并不意味着它是单一的，单块集成结构；相反，它意味着零件适合加入整体设计。

内容定义如下：计算机为主的用户机器系统理论上，管理信息系统可以脱离计算机上而存在，但是计算机的存在可以让管理信息系统可行。

问题不是计算机是否被使用在管理信息系统中，而是信息的使用被计算机化的程度。

用户机器系统的概念暗示了, 一些任务最好由人执行, 其他的最好由机器做。

MIS的使用者是那些负责输入输入数据、指示系统或运用系统信息产品的人。

因为许多问题，用户和计算机建立了一个联合系统，其结果通过一套在计算机和用户之间的相互作用得到。

用户机器的相互作用是由用户连接在计算机上的输入-输出设备（通常是一个视觉显示终端）推动的。

计算机可以使一台个人机器服务于一名用户或者一台大规模的机器为一定数量通过终端由通信线路连接的用户服务。

用户输入-输出设备允许直接输入数据和紧接着输出结果。

例如：一个人使用计算机交互的在金融理财上通过在终端键盘输入提交“如果什么，怎么办？”之类的问题，结果几秒钟后便被显示在屏幕上。

MIS的计算机为主的用户机器特征影响系统开发商和系统用户的知识要求。

“计算机为主”意味着管理信息系统的设计者必须拥有计算机和对处理有用的知识。

“用户机器”的概念意味着系统设计者也应该了解人作为系统组成部分（信息处理器）的能力和人作为信息使用者的行为。

信息管理与信息系统中英文对照外文翻译文献一、引言在当今数字化和信息化的时代，信息管理与信息系统（Information Management and Information System，简称 IMIS）成为了企业和组织运营中至关重要的组成部分。

有效的信息管理能够帮助企业提高决策效率、优化业务流程、增强竞争力。

而信息系统则为信息的收集、存储、处理和传播提供了技术支持。

为了更深入地了解这一领域，我们对相关的外文文献进行了翻译和研究。

二、信息管理的概念与重要性信息管理是指对信息资源进行规划、组织、领导和控制的过程。

其目的是确保信息的准确性、完整性、及时性和可用性，以满足组织内部不同层次的需求。

在当今竞争激烈的市场环境中，信息已成为一种宝贵的资源，企业能否有效地管理和利用信息，直接关系到其生存和发展。

例如，一家制造企业通过对市场需求信息、生产过程信息和供应链信息的有效管理，可以实现精准的生产计划，降低库存成本，提高客户满意度。

同时，信息管理还能够帮助企业识别潜在的市场机会和风险，为战略决策提供有力支持。

三、信息系统的类型与功能信息系统主要包括事务处理系统（Transaction Processing System，TPS）、管理信息系统（Management Information System，MIS）、决策支持系统（Decision Support System，DSS）和企业资源规划系统（Enterprise Resource Planning，ERP）等。

事务处理系统主要用于处理日常的业务交易，如订单处理、库存管理等。

管理信息系统则提供了综合的信息报告，帮助管理人员进行监督和控制。

决策支持系统通过数据分析和模型构建，为管理层的决策提供支持。

企业资源规划系统则整合了企业的各种资源，实现了业务流程的集成和优化。

以一家跨国零售企业为例，其使用的企业资源规划系统能够实现全球范围内的库存实时监控、采购协同和财务统一管理，大大提高了运营效率和管理水平。

第一课、MIS的概念和开发严建渊1.1 前言1.2 MIS 的概念及解释1.3 MIS 的构造、特征及相关学科1.4 MIS的划分1.5 MIS的开发1.6 存在问题完毕语一、前言管理信息系统〔Management Information Systems 简称MIS〕在现代社会已深化到各行各业，由于计算机技术的迅速开展和普及，MIS 事实上已成为计算机MIS。

目前，由于开发高质量 MIS 的才能大大落后计算机硬件日新月异的进展，加上社会对MIS 开展和完善需求的增加以及对MIS开发过程中出现的错误认识和行为而导致MIS开发的失败,这些情况已严重阻碍了计算机技术的进步。

因此对MIS 有关的内容进展深化研究，进步工作效率，进步MIS开发成功率已变得非常重要。

二、 MIS 的概念及解释MIS 是一个不断开展的新型学科，MIS的定义随着计算机技术和通讯技术的进步也在不断更新，在现阶段普遍认为MIS 是由人和计算机设备或其他信息处理手段组成并用于管理信息的系统。

1.MIS的对象就是信息信息是经过加工的数据，信息是对决策者有价值的数据。

信息的主要特征是来源分散，数量庞大。

信息来源于消费第一线，来源于社会环境，来源于市场，来源于行政管理等部门。

信息具有时间性。

信息的加工方式有多种形式。

企业从信息管理的角度可划分为物流和信息流。

消费过程是一个物流的投入产出过程，且是不可逆的过程。

管理过程是信息流的过程，且具有信息反响的特征。

2、系统是由互相联络、互相作用的假设干要素按一定的法那么组成并具有一定功能的整体。

系统有两个以上要素，各要素和整体之间，整体和环境之间存在一定的有机联络。

系统由输入、处理、输出、反响、控制五个根本要素组成。

信息系统是输入的数据，经过处理，输出的是信息的系统。

如图二所示：3、管理信息由信息的采集、信息的传递、信息的储存、信息的加工、信息的维护和信息的使用五个方面组成。

任何地方只要有管理就必然有信息，假设形成系统就形成MIS。

1. informationInformation, in its most restricted technical sense, is a sequence of symbols that can be interpreted as a message. Information can be recorded as signs, or transmitted as signals. Information is any kind of event that affects the state of a dynamic system. Conceptually, information is the message (utterance or expression) being conveyed. This concept has numerous other meanings in different contexts.[1] Moreover, the concept of information is closely related to notions of constraint, communication, control, data, form, instruction, knowledge, meaning, mental stimulus, pattern, perception, representation, and especially entropy.(信息,在其最受限制的技术意义上,是一个序列的符号,可以被解释为一个消息。

信息可以被记录为标志,或传输信号。

信息是任何类型的事件,影响一个动态系统的状态。

从概念上讲,信息是信息(话语或表达式)的表达。

这一概念具有许多其他在不同语境下的含义。

[1]此外,信息的概念密切相关的概念约束、通信、控制、数据、形式、指令、知识、意义,精神刺激,模式,感知的代表性,尤其是熵。

本科毕业论文（设计）外文翻译Discussion on the laboratory information management院（系、部）名称：数信学院专业名称计算机科学与技术学生姓名：学生学号：指导教师：2012 年 03 月 09 日河北科技师范学院教务处制Discussion on the laboratory information managementIntroductionUniversity laboratory is the important base for teaching and research in Colleges and universities, his school management is a branch of the whole management system of laboratory, the implementation of scientific and modern management, will be helpful for back to the lab work efficiency, improve the level of teaching and research in Colleges and universities. Laboratory information management system by means of computer network, using scientific information for the overall management of the computer soft, hardware system, computer technology, management science and technology of analysis and testing.Now the majority universities have realized the campus network to open and use, therefore, based on the campus network in the open laboratory information management system, can make full use of campus cyber source, realizes the entire school faculties test information remote sharing, improve the work efficiency of the Department, from the original opening laboratory due to experimental student staff, time dispersion in management of complex, tedious, open laboratory brings obvious teaching effect improvement will promote schools to improve the laboratory seriously, increase investment, filling equipment. Thus laboratory information management will be in the future management work to play a powerful role in [1 ]. Laboratory information management system ( Lab Information Management System ), LIMS of the following abbreviation, is for the school laboratory massive data processing and management software, is a typical management information system ( Management Information System ), is the realization of online Experimental Teaching under the credit system and management of the important platform. It is an indispensable part of college laboratory, the contents of the experiment teaching of teachers and laboratory managers is critical, it can provide users with sufficient information and efficient means of the inquiry [2 ]. It can help teachers to understand the laboratory management and laboratory equipment and drug use, to provide students with respect to the query performance course for laboratory management, data entry and export to provide convenient.Laboratory management information system management information system ( Management Information System, referred to as MIS ) is a continuous development of new disciplines, with the progress of science and technology, the definition of MIS has also been updated. At this stage generally think that MIS is a management staff and the computer component is used for information collection, transmission, processing, storage, maintenance and use of the system, is a management science, information science, system science and computer technology to combine a comprehensive discipline. Management information systems: 1 the physical composition of computer hardware systems include: host, external memory, input and output devices such as. 2: computer software system including system software and application software two parts. The 3 communication system: including lines andother communication facilities and computer network, data communication related software. 4 staff include: system analyst, programmer, maintenance personnel, administrator, operatorDesign of laboratory management system guideline is: to design a campus network based on the open laboratory management software, the realization of chemical experimental teaching and management system of course arrangement, equipment management, research reporting, web publishing, online booking, query results, laboratory evaluation, material use, reported to the State Ministry of education report, experimental teaching and online laboratory records, system administrators for experimental resources management, information and other functions [3 ]. Can complete all types of information browsing, query, add, delete, modify other functions, the data form a good relationship. University laboratory management system is mainly composed of students, teachers function area, functional area of functional area managers. Student function area by the basic situation, laboratory management, experimental teaching and open experiment modules; teachers function area by laboratory staff, equipment, consumables, laboratory assessment, laboratory construction, data report six modules; functional area managers by the daily office, system maintenance module.According to the domestic and foreign excellent LIMS technology application experience, can be summed up in last few years LIMS design with a few basic characteristics [4 ]1. technology with the first, efficiency, practicability, safety.2. data management functions, data collection, treatment, release can not occur in the process of data loss, change problems;The 3 page is friendly, simple operation, the use of database technology and unified browser interface;4 a high degree of automation, the network has the advantages of simple structure design;5 .modular design, easy expansion of functions;6. product design flexible, customized short cycle;On the laboratory information management a few experience:1 should be fully aware of the significance of the information statistical work. College laboratory information statistics reflect the latest developments in the laboratory work, the competent authorities for browsing, query, statistics, printing provides information. Therefore, we must do a good job in a timely laboratory basic information update and maintenance. As the equipment information management, it is a dynamic management process, the purchase of new equipment by a qualified acceptance, it is necessary to timely entry, in the online update data, in order to reflect the information timeliness, accuracy, but also can reflect the objective, the basic situation and the latest developments in laboratory [ 5].2 to speed up the pace of informatization construction of network lab. Along with the science and technology and information management development, colleges and universities laboratory information statistics work must be established to adapt, normative,scientific, convenient and practical day-to-day management software platform. Therefore, the colleges and universities must speed up the pace of information construction of laboratory network, and with the campus network connectivity, so as to realize information resources sharing under the network environment. In the laboratory of basic information in the process of building, should pay attention to the effective use of information, requirement management in practice many fumble, practice, summary, continuous improvement and perfection, to maximize the use of existing resources and information, and truly reflect the use of resources value. 3 maximizing information statistical function. School after completing college laboratory information statistics, data reporting based on laboratory, in the transfer of basic information, the departments at all levels of dynamic understanding of laboratory instruments and equipment changes and loss situation of laboratory teaching, task completion, laboratory materials consumption, laboratory staff training, promotion, change situation, students' experimental expenditure conditions for comprehensive understanding of existing laboratory, School of basic resources, dynamic control and management of laboratory instruments and equipment, use benefit evaluation and provide a reliable basis and guarantee [6 ]. 4 the importance of information statistics daily management work. Strengthening the laboratory information management, improve the college laboratory information statistics quality, standardize the laboratory experimental teaching management. Basic laboratory information standardization, scientific, modern management is a need to often be caught indefatigable, ceaseless practice, ceaseless and perfect, constantly updated, the continuous improvement of the system of engineering. In order to realize this goal, we need to work in the future to pay more hard work, continuous exploration and practice, continuous learning and improvement, and constantly improve and enhance the level of management, and better service for teaching and scientific research [7 ]. 5 to improve laboratory information administrator quality and status. To strengthen the experimental technical team construction, improve the quality of experimental teaching is not a first-class laboratory technical personnel team, can not have first-class laboratory management level, also cannot develop a first-class talent and first-class experimental results. Experimental technique of personal qualities, moral standards, professionalism, attitude, good manners and have great influence on students, to improve the quality of experimental teaching, to high-quality personnel training requirements, must have a high quality, ability, must study the spirit of the experimental technical team to do that. Therefore, the experimental technical personnel to see more business books, journals, literature, in the mastery of professional theory and technology on the basis of relevant theories, pay attention to the new progress, update and enrich their knowledge system, will be the latest information and methods, recent advances and achievements in practice application. In addition, as an experiment technical staff, we should establish the teaching, scientific research and students' consciousness of service [8 ]. Only when everything from teaching, all for the sake of teaching, create a good environment, to fulfill the task of experiment teaching. Of course, the leadership must pay attention to the laboratory construction, through the improvement of experimental staffworking conditions, wages and benefits increase solutions lab staff shortage, the structure unreasonable problem; should take scientific position, reasonable preparation, assessment so as to arouse the enthusiasm of experimental staff; encourage laboratory personnel training learning, and regularly NEW theory, new technology training, in order to promote them to improve the operational level [9 ]. College laboratory information statistics work in Colleges and Universities under the joint efforts, the successful completion of the various information and data statistics, as the superior departments laboratory development plan and related policy to provide important basis. With the laboratory management system to further promote and use, to achieve higher education teaching resources sharing and management efficiency play a positive role in promoting and facilitating. Through our unremitting efforts of laboratory management, laboratory information statistics reporting system will be more perfect.The endThe above analysis, we can fully realize the design and development of a laboratory information management system the necessity and the urgency, laboratory management system shall be in accordance with the provisions of the school laboratory information management, to meet the school laboratory information management needs, and to achieve the intuitive operation, convenient, practical, safety requirements. System uses a modular design approach, both for the system function of the combination and modification, but also easy to not participate in system development technical maintenance personnel to add and maintain. Laboratory information management system through the whole school LAN experiment building of the laboratory information together, as the school experiment teaching and laboratory construction to provide comprehensive and timely information, convenient management, at the same time, through the campus network expansion of various types of information technology application, shared by students and laboratory information [10 ].Reference.[1 ] at the beginning of Gan Ren, Chen Yonghong, Long Hong. Management information system [ M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2001, 35 ~ 49[2 ] Wei Qi. ERP, CRM and SCM three information systems integration [J ]. China information news, 2002, ( 8) : 5 ~ 8[3 ] Han Yan, Li Suicheng. The production method and the management information system development [ J ]. Group technology and modernization of production, 2001, ( 3) : 15 ~ 18[4 ] of modern logistics management task group. Supply chain management [M ]. Guangzhou: Guangdong economy press, 2002, 55 ~ 57[5 ] Zhang Jujian, Gan at the beginning of Ren. Management information system development and implementation technology [J ]. Application Research of computers, 2003, ( 1) : 47 ~ 58[6 ] of Ye Juan. In the development of ERP number of integration problems [J]. Enterprise economy, 2002, ( 9) : 55 ~ 58[7 ] of He Yaoqin CRM. The concept and key factors in its implementation [ J]. Journal of Southwest Jiao Tong University ( SOCIAL SCIENCES EDITION ), 2002, ( 3) : 14 ~ 28[8 ] Luo Chaoli, Lee Wanhong. Management information system principle and application [ M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University press, 2002, 37 ~ 38[9 ] LAN Yisheng, etc.. Electronic commerce logistics management [M ]. Beijing: China financial and Economic Publishing House, 2001, 45 ~ 48[10 ] Pu Shunyu. Management information system [ M]. Beijing: Renmin University of China press, 1997, 5介绍高校开放实验室是高校教学与科研的重要基地，他的管理工作是学校整体管理工作的一个分支体系，对实验室实行科学与现代化的管理，将有利于发回实验室的工作效率，提高高校教学与科研水平。

Management Information SystemIt is the MIS(Management Information System) that we constantly say that the management information system , and is living to emphasize the administration , and emphasizes that it changes into more and more significantly and more and more is universalized in the contemporary community of message . MIS is a fresh branch of learning, and it leaped over several territories, and for instance administers scientific knowledge, system science, operational research, statistic along with calculating machine scientific knowledge. Is living on these the branches of learning base, and takes shape that the message is gathered and the process means, thereby take shape the system that the crossbar mingles.1. The Management Information System Summary20 centuries, in the wake of the flourishing development of whole world economy, numerous economists propose the fresh administration theory one by one. Xi Men propose the administration and was dependent on idea to message and decision of strategic importance in the 50’s 20 centuries. The dimension of simultaneous stage is admitted issuing cybernetics, and he thinks that the administration is a control procedure. In 1958, Ger. write the lid: “ the administration shall obtain without delay with the lower cost and exact message, completes the better control ”. This particular period, the calculating machine starts being used accountancy work. The data handling term has risen.In 1970, Walter T.Kennevan give administration that has raised the only a short while ago information system term to get off a definition: “ either the cover of the book shape with the discount, is living appropriately time to director, staff member along with the outside world personnel staff supplies the past and now and message that internal forecasting the approaching relevant business reaches such environment, in order to assist they make a strategic decision”. Is living in this definition to emphasize, yet does not emphasize using the pattern, and mention the calculating machine application in the way of the message support decision of strategic importance.In 1985, admonishing information system originator, title Buddhist nun Su Da university administration professor Gordon B.Davis give the management information system relatively integrated definition, in immediate future “ administer the information system is one use calculating machine software and hardware resources along with data bank man - the engine system. It be able to supply message support business either organization operation, administration or the decision making function”. Comprehensive directions of this definition management information system target and meritorious service capacity and component, but also make known the management information system to be living the level that attains at that time.1.1 The Developing History of MISThe management information system is living the most primarily phase is counting the system, the substance which researched is the regular pattern on face between the incremental data, it what may separate into the data being mutually related and more not being mutually relatedseries, afterwards act as the data conversion to message.The second stage is the data are replaced the system, and it is that the SABRE that the Amer ican airline company put up to in the 50’s 20 centuries subscribes to book the bank note system that such type stands for. It possess 1008 bank note booking spots, and may access 600000 traveler keep the minutes and 27000 flight segments record. Its operation is comparatively more complex, and is living whatever one “spot ”wholly to check whether to be the free place up some one flight numbers. Yet through approximately attending school up to say, it is only a data and replaces the system, for instance it can not let know you with the bank note the selling velocity now when the bank note shall be sell through, thereby takes remedying the step. As a result it also is administer information system rudimentary phase.The third phase is the status reports system, and it may separate into manufacture state speech and service state and make known and research the systems such as status reports and so on. Its type stands for the production control system that is the IBM corporation to the for instance manufacture state speech system. As is known to all, the calculating machine corporation that the IBM corporation is the largest on the world, in 1964 it given birth to middle-sized calculating machine IBM360 and causes the calculating machine level lift a step, yet form that the manufacture administration work. Yet enormously complicatedly dissolve moreover, the calculating machine overtakes 15000 difference components once more, in addition the plant of IBM extends all over the American various places to every one components once more like works an element, and the order of difference possess difference components and the difference element, and have to point out that what element what plant what installation gives birth to, hence not merely giving birth to complexly, fitting, installation and transportation wholly fully complex. Have to there be a manufacture status reports system that takes the calculating machine in order to guarantee being underway successfully of manufacture along with else segment as the base. Hence the same ages IBM establish the systematic AAS of well-developed administration it be able to carry on 450 professional work operations. In 1968, the corporation establishes the communal once more and manufactures information system CMIS and runs and succeeds very much, the past needs 15 weeks work, that system merely may be completed in the way of 3 weeks. It is the data handling system that the status reports system still possess one kind of shape , and that it is used for handles the everyday professional work to make known with manufacture , and stress rests with by the handwork task automation , and lifts the effectiveness with saves the labor power . The data handling system ordinarily can not supply decision of strategic importance message.Last phase is the support systems make a strategic decision, and it is the information system being used for supplementary making a strategic decision. That system may program and the analysis scheme, and goes over key and the error solve a problem. Its proper better person-machine dialogue means, may with not particularly the personnel staff who have an intimate knowledge of the calculating machine hold conversation. It ordinarily consists of some pattern so as to come into being decision of strategic importance message, yet emphasizecomprehensive administration meritorious service capacity.1.2 The Application of Management Information SystemThe management information system is used to the most base work, like dump report form, calculation pay and occurrences in human tubes and so on, and then developing up business financial affairs administrations and inventory control and so on individual event operational control , this pertains to the electron data handling ( EDP Data Processing ) system . When establish the business data bank, thereby possess the calculating machine electric network to attain data sharing queen , the slave system concept is start off , when the implementation the situation as a whole is made program and the design information system ,attained the administration information system phase . In the wake of calculating machine technique progress and the demand adjust the system of people lift further, people emphasize more furthermore administer the information system phase. Progress and people in the wake of the calculating machine technique lift at the demand adjust the system further, people emphasize more furthermore to administer the information system whether back business higher level to lead makes a strategic decision this meritorious service capacity, still more lay special emphasis on the gathering to the external message of business and integrated data storehouse, model library , means storehouse and else artificial intelligence means whether directly to decision of strategic importance person , this is the support system ( DDS ) mission making a strategic decision.There is the part application that few business start MIS inner place the limit of the world at the early days of being living in the 70’s 20 centuries. Up at the moment, MIS is living, and there be the appropriate popularization rate in every state nation in world, and nearly covered that every profession reaches every department.1.3 The Direction of MIS DevelopmentClose 20 curtains; external grand duke takes charge of having arisen3 kinds of alternations:A. Paying special attention to the administration being emphasized to establishing MIS’s system, and causing the administration technique head for the ageing.B. The message is the decision of strategic importance foundation, and MIS supplies the message service in the interest of director at all times.C. Director causes such management program getting in touch with together with the concrete professional work maneuver by means of MIS. not merely big-and-middle-sized business universally establish MIS some small-size business also not exceptions of self, universally establish the communal data network, like the electronic mail and electron data exchange and so on, MIS supplied the well support environment to the ap plication of Intranet’s technique to speedily developing of INTERNET especially in the past few years in the interest of the business.Through international technique development tendency is see, in the 90’s 20 centuries had arisen some kinds of brand-new administration technique.1. Business Processes Rebuild (BPR)A business should value correctly time and produce quality, manufacturing cost and technicalservice and so on several section administrations, grip at the moment organization and the process compose once more,andcompletes that meritorious service capacity integrationist, operation processization and organization form fluctuation.2. Intelligentization Decision Support System (IDSS)The intelligentization decision of strategic importance support system was sufficiently consider demand and the work distinguishing feature of business higher level personnel staff.3. Lean Production (LP)Application give birth to on time, comprehensive quality control and parallel project that picked amount is given birth to and so on the technique, the utmost product design cutting down and production cycle, raise produce quality and cuts down the reproduced goods to reserve, and is living in the manufacture promote corps essence, in order to meet the demand that client continuously changes.4. Agile Manufacture (AM)One kind of business administration pattern that possess the vision, such distinguishing feature is workers and staff members’ quality is high, and the organization simplifies and the multi-purpose group effectiveness GAO message loading is agile and answers client requires swiftly.2.The Effect To The Business Administration of MIS DevelopmentThe effect to the business administration of the management information system development is administered the change to business and business administration of information system development and come into being and is coming into being the far-reaching effect with. Decision of strategic importance, particularly strategic decision-making may be assisted by the administration information system, and its good or bad directly affects living and the development up the business. The MIS is impeding the orientation development that the administration means one another unites through quality and ration. This express to utilize the administration in the calculation with the different mathematical model the problem in the quantitative analysis business.The past administer that the problem is difficult to test, but MIS may unite the administration necessaries, and supply the sufficient data, and simulates to produce the term in the interest of the administration.In the wake of the development of MIS, much business sit up the decentralized message concentration to establish the information system ministry of directly under director, and the chief of information system ministry is ordinarily in the interest of assistant manager’s grade. After the authority of business is centralized up high-quality administration personnel staff’s hand, as if causing much sections office work decrease, hence someone prophesy, middle layer management shall vanish. In reality, the reappearance phase employed layer management among the information system queen not merely not to decrease, on the contrary there being the increase a bit. This is for, although the middle layer management personnel staff getting off exonerate out through loaded down with trivial details daily routine, yet needs them to analyses researchingwork in the way of even more energy, lift further admonishing the decision of strategic importance level. In the wake of the development of MIS, the business continuously adds to the demand of high technique a talented person, but the scarce thing of capability shall be washed out gradually. This compels people by means of study and cultivating, and continuously lifts individual’s quality. In the wake of the news dispatch and electric network and file transmission system development, business staff member is on duty in many being living incomparably either the home. Having caused that corporation save the expenses enormously, the work efficiency obviously moves upward American Rank Zeros corporation the office system on the net, in the interest of the creativity of raise office personnel staff was produced the advantageous term.At the moment many countries are fermenting one kind of more well-developed manufacturing industry strategy, and become quickly manufacturing the business. It completely on the basis of the user requirement organization design together with manufacture, may carry on the large-scale cooperation in the interest of identical produce by means of the business that the flow was shifted the distinct districts, and by means of the once more programming to the machinery with to the resources and the reorganization of personnel staff , constituted a fresh affrication system, and causes that manufacturing cost together with lot nearly have nothing to do with. Quickly manufacturing the business establishes a whole completely new strategy dependence relation against consumer, and is able to arouse the structure of production once more revolution.The management information system is towards the self-adoption and Self-learning orientation development, the decision procedure of imitation man who is be able to be better. Some entrepreneurs of the west vainly hope that consummate MIS is encircles the magic drug to govern the business all kinds of diseases; Yet also someone says, and what it is too many is dependent on the defeat that MIS be able to cause on the administration. It is adaptable each other to comprehend the effect to the business of MIS, and is favor of us to be living in development and the research work, and causes the business organization and administer the better development against MIS of system and administration means , and establish more valid MIS.管理信息系统管理信息系统就是我们常说的MIS(Management Information System),它立足于强调管理，强调信息社会中信息变得越来越重要。

英语专业资料Management Information System is that we often say that the MIS (Management Information System), emphasizing the management, stressed that the information in modern society it has become increasingly popular. MIS is a new subject, it across a number of areas, such as scientific management and system science, operations research, statistics and computer science. In these subjects on the basis of formation of information-gathering and processing methods, thereby forming a vertical and horizontal cutting system.Management information system of modern information management is an indispensable part of the work, is to meet modern standards of high-tech information management requirements, to promote scientific management, standardization of the necessary conditions. Only information practices, in order to offer better living environment and convenient living space.Information management is an extremely important resource, management depends on the success or failure of an effective decision-making, and the correct degree of decision-making depends largely on the quality of information.In the 21st century, mankind will enter the knowledge economy era, the era of knowledge economy is the rapid development of technology and knowledge, information was explosive expansion of the times. The threat of the so-called information that this is the human face to deal with the large amount of information it difficult to deal with the state, and cause confusion results.The emergence of a computer to solve this problem, because the computer quickly and accurately as information collection, processing, use,may be provided for.With computer technology, communications technology, network technology as the representative of modern information technology leap in development, human being from the industrial age into the information age, there is growing importance of information resources development and use of "information" has become a country Economic and social development of the key links, the level of information has become the level of a country's level of modernization and an important indicator of overall national strength.Management Information System is a computer and composed, to manage information collection, transmission, processing, preservation, maintenance and use of the system, it measured the national economy and enterprises, to help achieve its planned objectives.The development of computer-aided management has experienced four stages: transaction processing, handling systems to support decision-making, integrated services.In modern society, social trends and the expansion of social demand for our products so that enterprises in production and business activities relating to the expansion of the accumulation of internal and external information, with the rapid progress of science and technology and rapid development of production, so that human knowledge of the accelerating growth rate, the increase in the amount of information , Changes in the external environment becomes faster, artificial have not qualified. How to collect sufficient information resources, strong message and take advantage of the positive and timely development of effective use of information explosion of information resources has become a modern social problems. The emergence of a computer to solve this problem, because the computer quickly and accurately as information collection, processing, use, may be provided for. Computer technology and communications technologies with great modern information technology to promote the development of national information to speed up the process, the international community to build the information highway and an upsurge of Chinese workers, "the" famous works as the representative of national projects undertaken, so that China's Enterprise Information facing the new situation.Electronic computers adapt to modern society rapidly growing amount of information management, information life short, require timely conversion problem. Information systems from electronic data processing, information reporting system, decision support system to the further development of expert systems and support the leadership of the implementation of the decision-making process information in support of strategic decision-making competition in the strategic information systems. Today's society of modern information technology extensively to the rapid penetration of social life in various fields but in the management information system applications are still very imperfect, is the initial stage. Computer support for the work of the management, not only data processing, but also to support decision-making tools, from the mass of information collection, collation, analysis provided to managers, policy-related information, relevantpolicy analysis, and even managers Interactive dialogue to generate decision-making. At present the various sectors of the computer processing of information management, in large part are still individual business rationale, in the electronic data-processing stage, and units from transaction processing system to support system to deal with the real has also established a predictive control and support functions of management decision-making Information systems. Although the information system has a certain development, business process automation control office has made great progress, but far from perfect. Should make full use of the computer processing of information, we must start from the current situation, look to the future, the development of suitable units, a small industry management system, or even one-step, such as salary management system, and then gradually improve, and constantly expanded. Management Information System is one of the characteristics of centralized data, using the database. Use database technology to address data sharing issues. Database with a certain data model organization of data, data-oriented systems, procedures independent of the data, and data independence, to reduce data redundancy and inconsistency, and easy programming, expansion, removal. In particular, the 20th century the late 1970s distributed, in the face of object database, so that data and data from the operation as an object database management system to better use and reduce the possibility of problems. Attribute their inheritance in object share data And operation of great convenience to the users. All in all management information system is set scientific。