英语语音基本知识-新版.pdf
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:88.15 KB
- 文档页数:31
l 单元⾳分类⽅式:1. the position of the highest part of the tongue 前 央 后:ɪ, ə, ʊ2. the height of tongue raising ⾼中低:ɪ, e, æ3. the length/tenseness of the vowels4. the shape of the lips (rounded & unrounded) 圆唇⾳:u ː, ʊ, ɔː, ɒl 辅⾳⽪条客,⽩⼤褂,爆脾⽓ p t k b d g⻛骚私⽣活,舞姿⽇⽇摩 f θ s ʃ h , v z ʒ ð爆破⾳Stop/Plosives 摩擦⾳Fricatives 塞擦⾳Affricates ⿐⾳Nasals双唇⾳ Bilabial 唇⻮⾳ Labiodental ⻮间⾳ Dental ⻮龈⾳ Alveolar后⻮龈⾳/硬腭⾳ Post-alveolar/Palatall 屈折词缀(Inflectional Affix)和派⽣词缀(Derivational Affix) 屈折词缀的特点为:1. 在词⼲后添加⼀个微妙的语法意义,如 -’s , -s ,-ing ,-ed ,-en , -er , -est ,以⽣成同⼀个词素的不同形式;2. 不改变原词的词性,如flower 和flowers 都是 名词;3. 是否使⽤屈折词素取决于短语或句⼦内部的 其他成分;4. 只有后缀。
派⽣词缀的特点为:1. 具有很强的能产性;2. 通常可以改变词汇意义和词性,如 small(形 容词)-smallness(名词)。
3. 可以是前缀,也可以是后缀。
如suburban, teacher, international.同⼀格中的两个⾳区分带声性l构词法复合法Compound派⽣法Derivation发明法Invention混成法Blending⾸字⺟连写法Initialism 如CIA⾸字⺟缩略法Acronym 如APEC借词法Borrowing逆构词法Back-formationl词汇间含义关系1. 同义关系Synonymy S: same2. 反义关系Antonymy A: anti1等级反义关系(Gradable antonymy)存在过度e.g. good/bad(average) big/ small (medium)2互补反义关系(Complementary antonymy)⾮此即彼e.g. boy / girl alive / dead3反向反义关系(Converse antonymy)互为依存e.g. buy / sell employer/employee3. 上下义关系Hyponymy H: high4. ⼀词多义Polysemy P: plenty5. 同⾳/同型异义关系Homonymy HOME: homel句间含义关系1. 同义:X is synonymous with Y (X与Y同义) “同真同假”没考过2. 不⼀致:X is inconsistent with Y (X与Y不⼀致) “X真-Y假,Y真-X假” 没考过3. 蕴含:X entails Y. = Y is an entailment of X “真-真,假-真假”4. 预设:X presupposes Y. = Y is a prerequisite of X. “真-真,假-真” (presupposes以……为前提,前提⼀定对)5. X is a contradiction(X ⾃我⽭盾) 没考过⬆A头、End尾、Re反、Ass类屁股、Spoo颠倒怪⬆Similar明喻、pho佛系暗喻、my我的联想、che提⻋提喻、Ox⽭盾、sm委婉superman、Trans移。
英语知识分享(语句语调、复数读音、词性)一、常见相关词汇1.语音:Phonetics或Pronunciation2.语调:Intonation3.发音Pronunciation4.词语:Word or Vocabulary5.词义:Word meaning or Lexical meaning二、英语学习中的语调:1.陈述句(声明句):(1)语调:降调(↓)(2)特点:表示肯定和完结。
常用于陈述事实或表达观点。
(3)示例:I’m going to the park.(我将要去公园。
)2.一般疑问句:(1)语调:升调(↑)(2)特点:表示不肯定和询问。
常用于询问信息或确认事实。
(3)示例:Are you coming with me?(你要和我一起吗?)3.特殊疑问句:(1)语调:降调(↓)(2)特点:虽然是询问,但语调上表示一种期待具体回答的态度。
(3)示例:Where did you go yesterday?(你昨天去哪里了?)4.祈使句:(1)语调:可升可降(2)特点:降调表示命令、不客气或语气强硬;升调表示勉励、态度和蔼亲切或客气的请求。
(3)示例:1)降调:Stop right there!(就站在那里别动!)2)升调:Please sit down.(请坐下。
)5.选择疑问句:(1)语调:前升后降(先↑后↓)(2)特点:在列举的选项部分使用升调,最后给出选择时使用降调。
(3)示例:Do you want coffee or tea?(你想要咖啡还是茶?)6.反义疑问句:(1)语调:可升可降(2)特点:表达肯定时多用降调,表示询问或不太肯定时多用升调。
(3)示例:1)降调:She is a teacher,isn't she?(她是老师,不是吗?)2)升调:He doesn't know the answer,does he?(他不知道答案,是吗?)7.感叹句:(1)语调:降调(↓)(2)特点:表达强烈的情感或惊讶。
华研专四听力1500题电子版1.《英语专四听力1500题试题本》第一章英语专四听力基础训练275题第一节专四听力语音基础知识一、避免看懂听不懂(1)连读避免看懂听不懂(2)失爆抓住关键信息弱读与重读听音就能写自然拼读法辨识多种口音英音、美音、澳音第二节英语专四听力词汇基础知识一、专四听力常考的数字专四听力常考的人名和地名专四听力常考的国家和国籍专四听力常考同音词专四听力常考近音词专四听力易拼错的词本章练习答案及录音原文英语专四听力精听训练420题五类主题词汇听写训练社会生活类词汇听写学习教育类词汇听写医疗保健类词汇听写商业经济类词汇听写科学研究类词汇听写句子填空听写训练句子01-200语篇填空听写训练Passage1Passage22第三章英语专四听写10套第一节英语专四听写2大注意事项注意事项1:听写怎么评分注意事项2:听写3大步骤第二节英语专四听写5大技巧技巧1:抓标题和首句技巧2:区分英音和美音技巧3:分辨同音词技巧4:掌握标点符号的正确用法技巧5:学会取舍第三节英语专四听写训练10套Test1Test10第四章英语专四听力微型讲座170题第一节英语专四听力讲座7大解题技巧技巧1:抓主题,记实词技巧2:表示顺序或层次的词句后是要点技巧3:表示强调、重申的词句后是要点技巧4:逻辑关系词(转折、因果等)后是要点技巧5:表达观点的词句后是要点技巧6:表示举例的词句后是要点技巧7:合理利用速记方法第二节英语专四听力微型讲座训练170题Test11Test27第五章英语专四听力会话100题第一节英语专四听力会话听前预读技巧技巧1:研读选项关键词,判断会话主题技巧2:分析选项语法结构,判断提问方式第二节英语专四听力会话5大命题规律规律1:事实细节常考规律2:推理判断常考规律3:主旨大意常考规律4:比较处常考规律5:观点态度常考第三节英语专四听力会话训练100题Test28Test37第六章英语专四听力标准模拟525题ModelTest1ModelT est252.《英语专四听力1500题题解本》Part1英语专四听力微型讲座170题·答案详解Part2英语专四听力会话100题·答案详解Part3英语专四听力标准模拟525题·答案详解。
英语国际⾳标教学(表格精讲版)⾳标的含义⾳标是记录⾳素的符号,是⾳素的标写符号。
狭义上的⾳标指的就是指英语⾳标。
英语国际⾳标共48个⾳素,其中元⾳⾳素20个,辅⾳⾳素28个。
国际⾳标(英语语⾳)元⾳单元⾳前元⾳[i:][i][e][?] 中元⾳[?][?:][?]后元⾳[u:][u][?:][?][a:]双元⾳开合双元⾳[ei][ai][?i][?u][au]集中双元⾳[i?][ε?][u?]辅⾳爆破⾳清辅⾳[p][t][k]浊辅⾳[b][d][g] 摩擦⾳清辅⾳[f][s][?][θ][h]浊辅⾳[v][z][?][e] 破擦⾳清辅⾳[t?][tr][ts]浊辅⾳[d?][dr][dz] ⿐⾳(浊辅⾳)[m][n][?] ⾆则⾳(浊辅⾳)[l][r] 半元⾳(浊辅⾳)[w][j] *清⾳,即全体清辅⾳;浊⾳,即全体元⾳和全体辅⾳*[?]⼜叫长⿐⾳或者后⿐⾳*半元⾳也属于辅⾳英语字母发⾳表A a[ei]N n[en]B b[bi:]O o[?u]C c[si:]P p[pi:]D d[di:]Q q[kju:]E e[i:]R r[a:]F f[ef]S s[es]G g[d?i:]T t[ti:]H h[eit?]U u[ju:]I i[ai]V v[vi:]J j[d?ei]W w[‘d?blju:] K k[kei]X x[eks]L l[el]Y y[wai]M m[em]Z z[zed]或[zi:][ai]Ii Yy[?u]Oo[ju:]Uu Qq Ww[a:] Rr[e] Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 语⾳基础知识☆⾳素:即每⼀个独⽴的国际⾳标。
. study [s-t-?-d-i] (含5个⾳素) car [k-a:](含2个⾳素) dictionary [d-i-k-?-?-n-?-r-i](含9个⾳素)☆⾳标:即每⼀个单词的完整的注⾳记录。
E.g. study [st?-di] country [k?n-tri]★常见的字母与字母组合发⾳规则元⾳字母的发⾳(⼀)元⾳字母a(1) [ei] p a per ; l a t e ; m a k e ; l a k e ; f a c e(2) [?] b a g ; f a t ; c a t ; l a dder ; m a ss(3) [?] a go ; a long ; a mong ; a bove ; a loud(4) [i] comr a de ; vill a ge ; man a ger; pal a ce ; priv a te(5) [a:] d a nce ;Fr a nce ; ch a nce ;a sk ;m a sk ;t a sk ;b a sket(⼆)元⾳字母e(1) [i:] m e ;h e ;sh e ;th e s e ;e v e ning(2) [e] h e n ;g e t ; s e t ;t e ll ; e cho(3) [i] usel e ss ;tick e t ;bask e t ;pock e t ;b e fore ;b e low (三)元⾳字母i(1) [ai] Ch i na ; h i ; t i m e ; gu i d e ;(2) [i] s i t ; h i t ; i ll ; l i ttle ;(3) [i] un i t(四)元⾳字母o(1) [?u] n o ; s o ; g o ; h o m e ; ph o to ;(2) [?] n o t ; h o t ; b o x ; f o x ; c o ck ; c o st ;(3) [?] purp o se ; c o ncern(4) [?] s o n ; m o nth ; c o me ; l o ve ; d o ve ; gl o ve m o ther (五)元⾳字母u(1) [ju:] p u pil ; st u dent ; u s e ; c u b e(2) [?]——c u t ; l u ck ; u mbrella ; u s(3) [u]——p u t ; f u ll ; p u ll元⾳字母组合的拼读规则(⼀)元⾳字母a的字母组合(1)ai或ay [ei] r ai n ; tr ai n ; br ai n ; p ai n;d ay ; m ay(2)al [?:] sm al l ; w al l ; c al l ; t al k ; w al k ;ch al k (3)-ance [a:ns] ch ance ; d ance ; Fr ance(4)-ant [?nt] assist ant ; import ant ;peas ant(5)-ange [eind?] ch ange ; d ange r ; str ange(⼆)元⾳字母e的组合(1)-ea-ea[i:] t ea m ; m ea t ; l ea d ; t ea ch ; r ea d; pl ea se ;-ea[e] thr ea t ; br ea d;; p ea sant-ea[i?] r ea l ; r ea lly-ea[ei] gr ea t ; br ea k(2)-ee[i:] f ee l ; w ee k ; k ee p ; thr ee ; str ee t ; sw ee p (3)-er[?:] h er ; t er m ; s er vice ; G er many [?] work er ; pap er ; west er n ; teach er(三)元⾳字母i的组合(1)-ie [i:] f ie ld ; p ie ce ; ach ie ve[ai] l ie ; d ie ; t ie(2)-igh(t) [ai] h igh ; n ight ; l ight ; br ight(3)-ir [?:] g ir l ; f ir m ; c ir cle ; f ir st ; th ir d(四)元⾳字母o的组合(1)-oa [?u] b oa t ; c oa t ; r oa d ; g oa t(2)-oi [?i] p oi nt ; j oi n ; oi l(3)-oo [u:] s oo n ; t oo ; z oo ; r oo m ; n oo n ; f oo d(4)-or [?:] f or ; h or se ; imp or tant ; m or ning ; b or n(五)元⾳字母u的组合(1)-u [u] f u ll ; b u ll ; p u ll ; p u sh ; b u sh(2)-ue [ju:] arg ue ; contin ue辅⾳字母及辅⾳字母组合的拼读规则1.b [b] b ack ; b ig ; la b ; b rother2.c [s] c ity ; Bru c e ; jui c e ; bic y cle ;fa c e ; c entral3.d [d] d i d ; ma d e ; d esk ; d uck ; d oubt ; d amage4.f [f] f ive ; f lag ; li f e ; lea f5.g [d?] lar g e ; g eneral ; g ymnastics ; a g e ; ener g y[h] h elp ; be h ave ; h ello ; h it ; h urry7.j [d?] j oy ; j udge ; in j ure ; j ourney ; J anuary ; j ar ; j us8.k [k] k ing ; mil k ; k ic k ; k iss ; loc k ; k nock9.l [l] l ight ;l ook ; l et ; l ab ; l ive10.m [m] m eet ; m eat ; m other ; co m e ; m ake ; To m11.n [n] i n ; n ow ; n ext ; to n ; n est12.p [p] ma p ; ca p ; p eo p le ; p est13.q [k] uni q ue14.r [r] r oom ;r ead ; r est ; a r ound15.s [s] s ee ; s ome ; s et ; s i s ter ; work s ; lip s ; new s paper16.t [t] t ooth ; ca t ; t each ; t ool ; hi t; cu t ; le t ; t en17.v [v] v ery ; li v e ; v ehicle ; v ase ; v alley ; v illage18.w [w] w ear ; w indow ; w idow ; w eek ; w eak ; w isdom19.x [ks] bo x ; fo x ; ne x t ; te x tile20.y [j] y ou ; y outh ; y es ; y oung21.z [z] z oo ; qui z ; z ebra ; z ero⾳节:⾳节是读⾳的基本单位,任何单词的读⾳,都是分解为⼀个个⾳节朗读。
英语语⾳学要点辅⾳发⾳要点爆破⾳英语的爆破⾳共有三对,发⾳⽅法是:使⽓流在⼝腔某处成阻,再让⽓流冲决阻碍,爆破⽣⾳,因此叫爆破⾳。
英语的六个爆破⾳中:/p/和/b/的发⾳部位是双唇;/t/和/d/的发⾳部位是⾆尖和齿龈;/k/和/g/发⾳时,则是⽤⾆后部触软腭形成阻塞⽽爆破⽣⾳。
其中/p/,/t/和/k/是清辅⾳,因为发这三个⾳时声带⽆需振动。
相反的,/b/,/d/和/g/在发⾳时,声带振动,是浊辅⾳。
/p/和/b/当你发/p/和/b/两⾳时,双唇合拢⽽形成阻塞,然后让⽓流冲决阻碍,爆破⽣⾳。
这两个⾳可出现在词⾸、词中和词尾三个部位,/p/和/b/在不同的语⾳环境中有不同的变体:/p/ 的⾳位变体①/p/在词⾸且在重读⾳节中时,是送⽓⾳如poke;②当处于词尾时,可能失去爆破,如top tea;③在/s/后形成辅⾳连缀时,/p/在发⾳时不送⽓,如spot;④当两个/p/相邻时,⽆需产⽣两次爆破,⽽只是延长发⾳的时间,如stop Pete;/b/ 的⾳位变体:①当处于词尾时,不完全爆破,如rob the man;②当两个[b]相邻时,⽆需产⽣爆破,只是延长发⾳时间,如rob Bob;/t/和/d//t/和/d/是齿龈爆破⾳. 发这两个⾳时,⽤⾆尖抵齿龈成阻,让⽓流爆发⽽出。
/t/的⾳位变体①/t/在词⾸且在重读⾳节中时,是送⽓⾳如tape;②当处于词尾时,可能失去爆破,如sit still;③在/s/后形成辅⾳连缀时,/t/在发⾳时不送⽓,如stop;④当处于/θ/之前时,呈齿⾳化发⾳,如eighth;⑤当两个/t/相邻时,⽆需产⽣两次爆破,⽽只是延长发⾳的时间,如let Tim;/d/ 的⾳位变体:①当处于词尾时,不完全爆破,如Dad said so.②当两个/b/相邻时,⽆需产⽣爆破,只是延长发⾳时间,如sad Dave /k/和/g/发/k/和/g/两⾳时,⽤⾆根顶住软腭堵住⽓流的出路,然后⾆根猛地离开软腭使⽓流爆发⽽出。
小学英语教师基本功竞赛试题一、填空题。
(25分)1.英语教育的基本理念是:面向学生,注重素质教育;整体设计目标,体现灵活开放;突出学生,尊重个体差异;采用活动途径,倡导体验参与;注重评价,促进学生发展;开发课程资源,拓展学用渠道。
2.国家英语课程要求从年级起开设英语课程。
3.基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是,它的形成建立在学生、、、和______等素养整体发展的基础上。
4.教学设计要符合学生和特点,遵循的规律,力求满足不同类型和不同层次学生的需求。
5.教师应该避免单纯传授语言知识的教学方法,尽量采用型的教学途径。
6.为保证教学质量和教学效果,3——6年级英语课程安排应遵循、______的原则。
7.英语课程的评价体系要体现评价主体的化和评价形式的_____化。
评价应关注学生综合语言运用能力的发展过程以及学习的效果,采用_______和相结合的方式。
8.对学生日常学习过程中的表现、所取得的成绩以及所反映出的情感、态度、策略等方面的发展做出评价,这种评价被称为。
9.教材编写要遵循思想性和拓展性、、、、____和开放性等原则。
二、判断题。
(10分)1.3——6年级英语教学评价的主要目的是激励学生的学习兴趣和积极性。
()2.小组评价指小组之间相互评价。
()3.英语课程资源指的是英语教材,它是英语课程资源的核心部分。
()4.教师要善于使用教材,结合个人需要,灵活地和有创造性地使用,对教材的内容、编排顺序、教学方法等进行适当的补充和删减。
()5.笔试是评价的一种常用形式,题型大多以单纯的语音知识题和单纯的语法知识题为主。
()三、选择题。
(10分)()1.What about for a walk?A to go outB we go outC going outD go out()2.It’s getting late. I go home.A must beB oughtC have toD need to()3.Would you hold the bag for me my bike to the roadside?A while I pushB while I will pushC while pushingD while I pushed()4. , the boy who fell down from his bicycle was not a bit injured.A How surpriseB What surpriseC To my surpriseD To make me surprised()5.In summer, storms cause to the coastal towns and villages.A much damageB a lot of damagesC many damagesD plenty of damages()6.The teacher suggested that the problems at the class meeting.A were discussedB discussedC be discussedD being discussed()7. you return the library books on time, you can not borrow any more.A UntilB UnlessC IfD As()8.It’s up to you to decide you go, by plane or by train.A ifB whetherC thatD how()9.We remain friends for many years, I know he does well he does.A whateverB thatC whereverD which()10.What a valuable s*****p you gave to me!. I’m glad you like it.A Not at all.B No, no.C Thank you.D You’re welcome.四、完形填空。
长元音/ɑ:/啊(长音)/ɔ:/喔(长音)/ə:/额(长音)/i:/一(长音)/U:/屋(长音)短元音/ʌ/阿/ɔ/哦/ə/额/ɪ/一/U:/屋/e/挨/eɪ/和拼音的“ei”一样/aɪ/挨/ɔɪ/外双元音/ɪə/一而/eə/挨而/Uə/勿而/əU/欧/aU/袄英语国际音标表(48个)元音(20个)辅音(28个)轻辅音/p/颇/t/特/k/克/f/佛/θ/四(咬舌音)/s/四浊辅音/b/伯/d/得/g/个/v/勿/ð/字(咬舌音)/z/自轻辅音/ʃ/是/h/和/ts/差(ci)/tʃ/迟/tr/缺浊辅音/ʒ/日/r/若/dz/资/dʒ/之/dr/拙鼻音/m/呣/n/呢/ŋ/嗯英语音标及字母组合对照1.元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei (eo ey i)three tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she mepiece receive ceiling2) [ I ]发音字母 i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) [ æ ] 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a (ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay)head bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better beddesk hotel yes many any5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control politearound account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ ʌ ] 发音字母 u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood floodɔ: ]字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter10) [ ɔ ] ([ɒ])发音字母 o a ouhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full prude12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot book woodshould couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合 ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [ ɔɪ ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iε] 字母组合 eer earbeer deerear nearhere fierce idea19) [ ɛə ] ([eə])字母组合ear air erepear bearchair air fairthere wherecare20) [uε] [auə]字母组合our owerhour tour flower shower48个英语音标犹如60个汉语拼音,只要熟练地掌握了它们,对学习英语的作用是相当大的。
【导语】如今,英语已经成为了世界语,渗透在全世界的每⼀个⾓落,政治、经济、⽂化、娱乐,可以说,我们每天的⽣活,以及⽣活的每个⽅⾯,都在这种语⾔的影响之下。
所以,从⼩教育孩⼦学习英语,是为了将来更好融⼊社会⽽刻不容缓的事情!以下是⽆忧考整理的相关资料,希望帮助到您!【篇⼀】 语⾳ 1、元⾳字母在闭⾳节的发⾳: ①、字母a在开⾳节与闭⾳节中的读⾳|?|:cat, rat, cap, hat, bag, bat, map, lamp, bad , dad, mad,fat ②、字母e在闭⾳节中的读⾳|e|:dress, vest, bed, desk, hen, egg, pen, red ,bed,yet,wed, went,wet, hen, ten, yes, help, let ③、字母i在闭⾳节中的发⾳|i|:pig, fish, ship ,hill, sit, chips, chick, six ,him, still, sing, thing, with,kid, wit, is ④、字母o在闭⾳节中的发⾳|?|:dog, fox, doll, box, frog, cock, clock, rock, hot, job, boss, frog,god, not, on ⑤、字母u在闭⾳节中的发⾳|?|:bus, gun, duck, mum, sun, run, hut, bun, luck 2、元⾳字母在开⾳节中的发⾳: ①、字母a在开⾳节中的读⾳|ei|:Cake, plate, game, face, lake, lake, plane, name, snake ②、字母 e在开⾳节中的读⾳|i:|:he, she, me , we, Steve ,Eve ③、字母i在开⾳节中的读⾳|ai|:nine, kite,bike, rice, five, fly, ride, ice, white, light, sky, high, I,light, sky, high ④、字母o的开⾳节单词的读⾳| ?u |go, close, nose, home, coke, bone, stone, those, hope, whole,joke,smoke,note, role ⑤、字母u在开⾳节单词的读⾳|ju:|mule, use, tube , student, unit, computer【篇⼆】 重点词汇: 1.动物名词:monkey, giraffe, tiger, elephant, deer, bear, rabbit, lion, rat, bat, snake 2.⾐服名词:dress, vest, blouse, skirt, shirt, coat, hat, cap 3.⾷物的名词:bun, cake, chip, coke, nut, egg, peach, sandwich, hot dog 4.家庭成员名词:father, mother, brother, sister, grandma 5.动词:run, jump, hop, skip, walk, swim , count, sing, ride, go, close, play, fly, wait, open,help, sit make, let 6..形容天⽓的词:sunny,fine, cloudy , rainy,windy, hot, cold, cool 7.形容词:bad, nice, fun, little, short, fat 8.颜⾊形容词:white, red, yellow, blue, green, orange, brown, purple, black 9.疑问词:what, who , where, why 101.交通⼯具、玩具名词:plane,bike ,ship, bus 、toy, doll, gun , gift, kite 11.事物名词bed, box, door, table, mop , candle, map, lamp, home , hut , sun, nose ,hill, cup【篇三】 重点句型: Glad to meet you. —Glad to meet you, too Glad to see you again. —Me, too. How are you? —Not bad. / I’m ok. /I’m fine. And you? — I?m OK. How do you do? — How do you do? Thank you. ----That?s ok. Thank you. ----Not at all. 2. I am not good at English/Chinese/maths. ----- I can help you. 3.反义词: short——longnew——old It?s a ….It?s too short/big/long/old/new. It?s a nice blouse/vest. 4. 问颜⾊及回答: What colour is your dress? — It?s red/yellow…. The hat/coat… is yellow/red…. A red dress for you. It?s a nice blouse/vest. 5. So many animals. So many good things How nice on a ship! How nice! Cool! What a fine day! What a big cake! It?s fun ( to run) in the sun. 6. ⼀般疑问句: Is it a/an …? —Yes, it is. / No. it isn?t. Is she with…? — Yes, she is with ….. 7. 询问天⽓: Is it hot /sunny /rainy…? —Yes, it is. / No,it isn?t. It’s rainy/cloudy/windy… 8. It?s so cold! Are you (still) cold? Yes,I am./ No, I?m not. 9. My nose is running. 10. Happy birthday to you. —Thank you. 11. I can?t find /see…. 12祈使句: Line up, please. One, two! Run! Please wait. Come in, please. Sit down, please. Open the door. Please don?t open the door. Please have a cake/an apple…. —Thank you. Take out / Put down your book. Open /close your book. Look at your book/the blackboard.【篇四】 重点知识点: 1. 介词“on?” “in?”的短语 on the chair/in the pencil-box/in the desk/in the bag/in the sky 2. 特殊疑问句“where”“what”“who”的⽤法 ①特殊疑问句“where”的⽤法: Where is …? ----It?s on…. / It?s in…. ②特殊疑问句“what”的⽤法: What?s on the table? — A plate of cakes. ③特殊疑问句“who”的⽤法:. Who is he/she? He/ She is…. They are brother and sister. 当不知道是谁时,⼈称代词⽤it: Who is it? ----- It?s me. 3. 感叹句⽤what和how: what修饰名词;how修饰形容词 How nice on a ship! How nice! What a fine day! What a big cake! 4.let’s 句型: let?s =let us Let?s make a blouse/vest. Let?s run a race. /Let?s play games. Let?s ride it. Let?s give her nice things. Let?s sing“Happy Birthday to You”. Let?s count the candles. Let me help you. Let me open/close the door. Let me get the apples/pears. Let?s go home. 5. can句型: We can?t let him in. She can’t swim. I can?t find/see…. Can she swim? Yes, she can. / No, she can’t. Can you make cakes? Yes, I can. / No, I can?t. Can you fly it? —Of course,I can. 6.主语是单数第三⼈称,谓语动词加“s”: look like 看起来像 She looks like Steve. Steve is Eve’s brother. I like him, and he likes me. 7.“have”的⽤法: ①“have”表⽰“有” I have a kite/ a new bike. We have some nice things for you. ②“have”表⽰“吃” Have a coke/an apple. —Yes, thank you./ No, thanks. Please have the cake. —Thank you. Let?s have the good things.。
英语语音基本知识一. 关于语音的几个概念1. 元音发音响亮,发音时口腔中气流不受阻碍,是构成音节的主要因素。英语的元音分为单元音和双元音两类2. 辅音发音不响亮,发音时口腔中气流受阻碍。辅音不构成音节。3. 音节由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。如:ap-'ple, 'stu-dent, 'tea-cher, un-der-'stand 4. 开音节,闭音节开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e 如:kite cake name bike make take home 2)辅音+元音如:he hi go no do be tree three hello 闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音: 如: sit bed bad bag hot let mad map head 2)元音+辅音如: it is of in on up out ant 5. 重读音节重读音节是单词中发音特别响亮的音节6,非重读音节非重读音节是单词中不重读或者弱读的音节。二. 分类48 个国际音标表
元音(20)短元音12 个单元音[i:] [i] [e] [?] [?:] [? ][?:] [?] [u:] [u] [a:] [∧] 双元音8 个双元音[ai] [ei] [au] [i?] [u?] [ε?] [?u] [?i] 辅音(28)清辅音浊辅音[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] [f] [v] [θ] [e] [s] [z] [∫] [?] [m] [n] [? ] [l] [tr] [dr] [t∫] [d?] [ts] [dz] [r] [j] [h] [w]
第一课时单元音1. /i:/ :发音要领的是:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,舌两侧抵上齿两侧,口形偏平。eChinese 中国人extremely 极其地ee feeling 感情agree 同意eireceive 接到conceive 设想eaplease 请dream 梦;梦想believe 相信ie achieve 达到实用操练:1. Speaking English is a piece of cake.说英语是小菜一碟2. Please feel free to call me.请随时给我打电话。3. I'm glad to meet you.我很高兴见到你/见到你很高兴4. Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。额外奉献:这是一个非常好用的句型:Please feel free to ...(请尽管.../请随时...)1. Please feel free to visit anytime.请尽管随时采访。2. Please feel free to ask for any help anytime.请随时找我帮忙。
2. /i/ 发音要领是发音时舌尖抵下齿,前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于i:口形扁平。I visit 参观limit 限制e English 英语ticket 车票u busy 忙ee been 曾经是y pretty 漂亮的difficulty 困难ui build 建造实用操练:1. Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。2. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.心之所愿,无事不成。3. I'm pretty busy.我很忙。4. A good beginning makes for a good ending.好的开始导致好的结尾。3
3. [ e ] 发音时舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,舌位比/i:/低;唇形中常,开口度比/i:/大。e:remember 记得question 问题ea:weather 天气,pleasant 令人愉快的实用操练:1. Better late than never. 迟到总比不到好2. East or west,home is best. 金窝银窝,不如自己的狗窝。3. Let's get together when the weather is better.等天气好一点我们再相聚。8. /∧/ ∧发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,舌后部靠前部分稍抬起,唇形稍扁,开口度较大o: money 金钱love 爱u:fun 乐趣lucky 幸运的oo:blood 血液ou:enough 足够trouble 烦恼,困难实用操练:1. It doesn't matter. 不重要。2. Seven is my lucky number. 七是我的幸运数字。3. Something is better than nothing. 有总比没有强。
4. /?/ 发音时舌尖抵下齿;舌前部稍抬高,舌位比/e/更低;双唇平伸,成扁平形。relax 放松a: practice 练习passion challenge 挑战laugh 笑实用操练:1. I have a happy family.我有个幸福的家庭。4
2. Not bad.不错。3. As a matter of fact , I think he is outstanding.事实上,我认为他很杰出。
5. [ ?: ] 发音时舌中部比发/i: /音时略高。双唇扁平。e: early 早的heard 听到er:prefer 更喜欢ir:dirty 脏的ere:were 是(b1,/?:/ ?发音时双唇收圆收小,并向前突出。or:order 命令sport 运动ar:warm 温暖的award 奖赏our:fourth 第四source 来源ore:more 更多explore 探险oor:door 门实际操练:1. It's important for us to practice more. 对我们来说,多加练习非常重要。2. Force yourself to do more.强迫你自己做多一些。超级句型:I'm looking forward to... 1. I'm looking forward to meeting you.我盼望着认识你。2. I'm looking forward to working with you.我盼望着与你一起工作。
6. [ ?] 发音时口张大,舌身尽量降低并后缩,双唇稍稍收圆。a :always 总是small 小的o:long 长cost 花费augh :daughter 女儿au:fault 过错aw:awful 糟糕的draw 画ough:thought 想oa:abroad 在国外实际操练:5
1. It's all my fault. I'm awfully sorry. 这全是我的错,我非常抱歉。2. You talk too much. shut up! 你说太多了,闭嘴!
7.[ u: ] 发音时舌后部尽量抬起。双唇收圆并突出。口形比/u/稍小。u:rude 粗鲁的conclusion 结论o:improve 改善ue:blue 忧郁的oe:shoe 鞋oo:soon 不久fool 傻瓜ui:fruit 水果ou:route 路线oug:through 穿过实际操练1. That's cool! / You look cool! 太酷了!/ 你看上去真酷!2. Let's get together again soon. 3. Who can tell me the truth? 谁能告诉我真相?4. You have to improve your English. 你要提高英语水平。
8./u/ 发音时舌后部抬起,舌身后缩,舌尖离开下齿。双唇收圆,稍突出。u:push 推pull 拉put 放full 慢的o:woman 女人oo:cook 烹调look 看good 好的ou:could 能would 实际操练:1.Your mother is a wonderful woman. 你妈妈是个了不起的女人。2. Too much television is not good for children. 看太多电视对孩子们没有什么好处7,./a:/ 发音时口张大,舌身压低并后缩,后舌稍隆起,舌尖不抵下齿。双唇稍收圆。a:what 想要watch 观看ear:heart 心ar:far 远6
的hard 艰苦的smart 聪明的pardon 原谅are:are 是uar:guard 保卫实际操练:1. It takes a lot of hard work. 这需要很多的辛勤劳动。2. So far ,so good, 到目前为止还好。3. Don't break my heart. 请不要伤我的心。4. Times are hard. 时世艰难。
第二课时双元音9. /ai/ 先发/a/音,然后滑向/i/音。舌尖抵住下齿。发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足,注意从开到合的滑动。i:china 中国life 生活ey:eye 眼睛y:cry 哭ie:pie 馅饼ui:guide指导uy:buy 买igh:flight 飞行eigh:height 高度实际操练:1. Never say die! Try !Try! Try! 永不放弃!努力,再努力!2. Don't be shy. Just try. 不要害羞,勇于尝试。3. That sounds like a good idea. 听上去是个好主意。4. I can't believe my eyes. 我真不敢相信自己的眼睛
10. [ ei ] 先发/e/音,然后滑向/i/音。双唇稍扁,口形从半开到合。a:amazing 惊人的ai:afraid 担心的ea:great 伟大的eigh:neighbor 邻居ay:pay 支付delay 耽搁