lec-13 ProblemFrames PartII

A. 12B. 13C. 14D. 15A. [3, 6, 9, 12]B. [2, 5, 8, 11]C. [1, 4, 7, 10]A. (4, 3, 2, 1)B. (8, 6, 4, 2)C. (4, 3, 2, 1, 4, 3, 2, 1)D. 上述代码执⾏报错mylist = list (range (1, 13))print (mylist [1::3])12tuple1 = (4, 3, 2, 1)tuple2 = (2)print (tuple1 * tuple2)123A. {'杜'}B. {'杜甫'}C. {'杜牧'}D. {'杜甫杜牧'}A. s[x:]B. s[x + 1:y]x = set ("杜甫")y = set ("杜牧")print (x & y )123s = input ()# 如输入：book boy beautiful bicycle box building x = s .find ('b')y = s .rfind ('b')t = _______________ # 填写代码t = t .replace ('b', 'B')print (s [0:x + 1] + t + s [y :])1234567A. ①error_count[error] += 1 ②error_count[error] = 1B. ①error_count[error] = 1 ②error_count[error] += 1C. ①error_count[error]++ ②error_count[error] = 1D. ①error_count[error] = 1 ②error_count[error]++第 15 题 ⼩杨想要编写⼀个程序来记录他每周的健⾝情况。

题目:推箱子「推箱子」是一款风靡全球的益智小游戏，玩家需要将箱子推到仓库中的目标位置。

游戏地图用大小为n * m的网格grid表示，其中每个元素可以是墙、地板或者是箱子。

现在你将作为玩家参与游戏，按规则将箱子'B'移动到目标位置'T'：•玩家用字符'S'表示，只要他在地板上，就可以在网格中向上、下、左、右四个方向移动。

•地板用字符'.'表示，意味着可以自由行走。

•墙用字符'#'表示，意味着障碍物，不能通行。

•箱子仅有一个，用字符'B'表示。

相应地，网格上有一个目标位置'T'。

•玩家需要站在箱子旁边，然后沿着箱子的方向进行移动，此时箱子会被移动到相邻的地板单元格。

记作一次「推动」。

•玩家无法越过箱子。

返回将箱子推到目标位置的最小推动次数，如果无法做到，请返回-1。

示例 1：输入：grid = [["#","#","#","#","#","#"],["#","T","#","#","#","#"],["#",".",".","B",".","#"],["#",".","#","#",".","#"],["#",".",".",".","S","#"],["#","#","#","#","#","#"]]输出：3解释：我们只需要返回推箱子的次数。

2024年3月青少年软件编程Python等级考试试卷六级真题（含答案和解析）分数：100题数：38一、单选题(共25题，共50分)。

1.以下选项中，创建类正确的是（）。

A.class test1:def prt(self):……B.class Mg():def__init__(na,ag):self.na=naC.class A():def print(self):print("Yes")a=A()a.print()D.class3Point:def__init__(self):……标准答案：C。

试题解析：类的名称遵守变量命名规则的同时，首字母必须大写。

2.运行以下程序，输出结果是（）。

class A():def__init__(self,x):self.x=xdef add1(self):return self.x+self.xt1=A(3)t2=A(t1.add1())print(t2.add1())A.10B.12C.程序报错D.6标准答案：B。

试题解析：t1.add1()=3+3+3+3。

3.运行以下程序，输出的结果是（）。

class T():def__init__(self):self.a=1def t1(self,b):self.a=b+bc=T()c.a=c.a+c.ac.t1(5)print(c.a)A.2B.12C.10D.6标准答案：C。

试题解析：self.a=b+b，自定义类的使用，t1（5）=b+b=5+5。

4.要将一个数组[1,2,3,4,5]绘制成折线图，代码是（）。

A.import matplotlib.pyplot as pltplt.plot([1,2,3,4,5])plt.show()B.import numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltplt.plot(np.array(1,5))plt.show()C.import matplotlib.pyplot as pltplt.bar([1,2,3,4,5])plt.show()D.import matplotlib.pyplot as pltplt.scatter([1,2,3,4,5])plt.show()标准答案：A。

可编辑修改精选全文完整版计算机视觉试题及答案第一部分：选择题1. 在计算机视觉中，图像处理主要通过哪些操作来提取有用的图像特征？a) 噪声抑制b) 边缘检测c) 特征提取d) 图像拼接答案：c2. 在计算机视觉中，常用的图像拼接算法是什么？a) 最近邻插值b) 双线性插值c) 双三次插值d) 原始图像拼接答案：b3. 在目标检测中，常用的算法是什么？a) Haar特征级联分类器b) SIFT算法c) SURF算法d) HOG特征描述子答案：a4. 在图像分割中，哪种算法可以将图像分割成不同的区域？a) K均值聚类算法b) Canny边缘检测算法c) 霍夫变换d) 卷积神经网络答案：a5. 在计算机视觉中，图像识别是通过什么来实现的？a) 特征匹配b) 图像分割c) 图像去噪d) 图像增强答案：a第二部分：填空题1. 图像的分辨率是指图像中的______。

答案：像素数量（或像素个数）2. 图像的直方图能够表示图像中不同______的分布情况。

答案：像素值（或亮度值）3. 图像处理中常用的边缘检测算子有______。

答案：Sobel、Prewitt、Laplacian等（可以列举多个）4. 在计算机视觉中，SURF算法中的SURF是什么的缩写？答案：加速稳健特征（Speeded-Up Robust Features）5. 在图像分割中，常用的阈值选择算法有______。

答案：Otsu、基于聚类的阈值选择等（可以列举多个）第三部分：问答题1. 请简述计算机视觉的定义及其应用领域。

答：计算机视觉是利用计算机对图像和视频进行理解和解释的研究领域。

它主要包括图像处理、图像分析、目标检测与跟踪、图像识别等技术。

应用领域包括机器人视觉、自动驾驶、安防监控、医学影像处理等。

2. 请简要描述图像处理中常用的滤波器有哪些，并说明其作用。

答：图像处理中常用的滤波器包括均值滤波器、中值滤波器、高斯滤波器等。

均值滤波器用于去除图像中的噪声，通过取邻域像素的平均值来减少噪声的影响；中值滤波器通过取邻域像素的中值来去除图像中的椒盐噪声；高斯滤波器通过对邻域像素进行加权平均来模糊图像，并且能够有效抑制高频噪声。

LEVELS 1 AND 2SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSWhich toy comes before the 5th toy?A) B) C) D) E)SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSWhich letter is missing from each of the words below? SCHOL BOK PRBLEM QUESTINA) A B) E C) O D) I E) USAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSWhich number should replace the question mark in the pyramid?A) 10 B) 14 C) 22 D) 24 E) 34LEVELS 1 AND 2 ANSWERSSAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSWhich toy comes before the 5th toy?A) B) C) D)E)SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSWhich letter is missing from each of the words below? SCHOL BOK PRBLEM QUESTINA) A B) E C) O D) I E) USAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSWhich number should replace the question mark in the pyramid?A) 10 B) 14 C) 22 D) 24E) 34LEVELS 3 AND 4SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSNot taking any steps backwards, Anna travelled toward the car using a path shown in the picture, and picked up numbers she encountered along her way. Which set of the numbers below could she pick up?A) 1, 2, 4 B) 2, 3, 4 C) 2, 3, 5 D) 1, 5, 6 E) 1, 2, 5SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSThe square shown in the picture must be filled in such a way that each of thedigits 1, 2, and 3 appears in each row and in each column once and onlyonce. If Harry started to fill in the square as shown, what number can hewrite in the square marked with the question mark?A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 1 or 2 E) 1, 2 or 3SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSHow many digits have to be written in order to write down every number from 1 to 100 inclusive?A) 100 B) 150 C) 190 D) 192 E) 200LEVELS 3 AND 4 ANSWERSSAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSNot taking any steps backwards, Anna travelled toward the car using a path shown in the picture, and picked up numbers she encountered along her way. Which set of the numbers below could she pick up?A) 1, 2, 4 B) 2, 3, 4 C) 2, 3, 5D) 1, 5, 6 E) 1, 2, 5SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSThe square shown in the picture must be filled in such a way that each of thedigits 1, 2, and 3 appears in each row and in each column once and onlyonce. If Harry started to fill in the square as shown, what number can hewrite in the square marked with the question mark?A) 1 B) 2 C) 3D) 1 or 2 E) 1, 2 or 3SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSHow many digits have to be written in order to write down every number from 1 to 100 inclusive?A) 100 B) 150 C) 190 D) 192E) 200LEVELS 5 AND 6SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSEvaluate 2007 ÷ (2 + 0 + 0 + 7) – 2 × 0 × 0 × 7A) 1 B) 9 C) 214 D) 223 E) 2007SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSAlex, Ben, Carl, and Daniel each participates in a different sport: karate, soccer, volleyball, and judo. Alex does not like sports played with a ball. Ben practices judo and often attends soccer games to watch his friend play. Which of the following statements is true?A) Alex plays volleyball.B) Ben plays soccer.C) Carl plays volleyball.D) Daniel does karate.E) Alex does judo.SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSTo the right of a certain two-digit number the same number has been written, creating a four-digit number. How many times is the new four-digit number greater than the original two-digit number?A) 100 B) 101 C) 1000 D) 1001 E) 10LEVELS 5 AND 6 ANSWERSSAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSEvaluate 2007 ÷ (2 + 0 + 0 + 7) – 2 × 0 × 0 × 7A) 1 B) 9 C) 214 D) 223E) 2007SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSAlex, Ben, Carl, and Daniel each participates in a different sport: karate, soccer, volleyball, and judo. Alex does not like sports played with a ball. Ben practices judo and often attends soccer games to watch his friend play. Which of the following statements is true?A) Alex plays volleyball.B) Ben plays soccer.C) Carl plays volleyball.D) Daniel does karate.E) Alex does judo.SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSTo the right of a certain two-digit number the same number has been written, creating a four-digit number. How many times is the new four-digit number greater than the original two-digit number?A) 100 B) 101C) 1000 D) 1001 E) 10LEVELS 7 AND 8SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSRose bushes are planted in a line on both sides of a path. The distance between the bushes is 2 m. What is the largest number of bushes that can be planted if the path is 20 m long?A) 22 B) 20 C) 12 D) 11 E) 10SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSx is a strictly negative integer. Which of the expressions is the greatest?A) x + 1 B) 2x C) −2x D) 6x + 2 E) x − 2SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSA certain broken calculator does not display the digit 1. For example, if we type in the number 3131, only the number 33 is displayed, with no spaces. Mike typed a 6-digit number into that calculator, but only 2007 appeared on the display. How many different numbers could Mike have typed?A) 12 B) 13 C) 14 D) 15 E) 16LEVELS 7 AND 8 ANSWERSSAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSRose bushes are planted in a line on both sides of a path. The distance between the bushes is 2 m. What is the largest number of bushes that can be planted if the path is 20 m long?A) 22B) 20 C) 12 D) 11 E) 10SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSx is a strictly negative integer. Which of the expressions is the greatest?A) x + 1 B) 2x C) −2x D) 6x + 2 E) x − 2SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSA certain broken calculator does not display the digit 1. For example, if we type in the number 3131, only the number 33 is displayed, with no spaces. Mike typed a 6-digit number into that calculator, but only 2007 appeared on the display. How many different numbers could Mike have typed?A) 12 B) 13 C) 14 D) 15E) 16LEVELS 9 AND 10SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSIn the picture, what is the sum of the number of dots on the faces of the dice which you cannot see?A) 15 B) 12 C) 7 D) 27 E) another answerSAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSTo fill in the table, we need to write 0 or 1 in each cell in such a way that the sum of numbers of each row and of each column is equal to 2. What are x and y ? A) x = 1, y = 1 B) x = 1, y = 0 C) x = 0, y = 1D) x = 0, y = 0 E) It is impossible to determine.SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSA certain island is inhabited by liars and truth-tellers (the liars always lie and the truth-tellers always tell the truth). One day 12 islanders, both liars and truth-tellers, gathered together and issued a few statements. Two people said: “Exactly two people among us twelve are liars.” Four other people said: “Exactly four people among us twelve are liars.” The other six people said: “Exactly six people among us twelve are liars.” How many liars were there? A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8 E) 10LEVELS 9 AND 10 ANSWERSSAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSIn the picture, what is the sum of the number of dots on the faces of the dice which you cannot see?A) 15 B) 12C) 7D) 27E) another answerSAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSTo fill in the table, we need to write 0 or 1 in each cell in such a way that the sum of numbers of each row and of each column is equal to 2. What are x and y ? A) x = 1, y = 1 B) x = 1, y = 0C) x = 0, y = 1D) x = 0, y = 0 E) It is impossible to determine.SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSA certain island is inhabited by liars and truth-tellers (the liars always lie and the truth-tellers always tell the truth). One day 12 islanders, both liars and truth-tellers, gathered together and issued a few statements. Two people said: “Exactly two people among us twelve are liars.” Four other people said: “Exactly four people among us twelve are liars.” The other six people said: “Exactly six people among us twelve are liars.” How many liars were there? A) 2 B) 4C) 6D) 8E) 10LEVELS 11 AND 12SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSA billiard ball always bounces off the side of a billiard table at an angle of 45° as shown. If it continues on the path shown, which pocket will the ball fall into?A) A B) B C) C D) DE) The ball will not fall into any pocket.SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSThe square ABCD lies in a plane and its edge measures 1. Consider all squares that share at least two vertices with the square ABCD. What is the area of the region covered by all of such squares, not including ABCD?A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8 E) 9SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSWhat is the measure of the acute angle of a rhombus with side of length equal to the geometric mean of its diagonals?A) 15° B) 30° C) 45° D) 60° E) 75°LEVELS 11 AND 12 ANSWERSSAMPLE QUESTION FOR 3 POINTSA billiard ball always bounces off the side of a billiard table at an angle of 45° as shown. If it continues on the path shown, which pocket will the ball fall into?A) A B) B C) C D) DE) The ball will not fall into any pocket.SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 4 POINTSThe square ABCD lies in a plane and its edge measures 1. Consider all squares that share at least two vertices with the square ABCD. What is the area of the region covered by all of such squares, not including ABCD?A) 5 B) 6 C) 7D) 8 E) 9SAMPLE QUESTION FOR 5 POINTSWhat is the measure of the acute angle of a rhombus with side of length equal to the geometric mean of its diagonals?A) 15° B) 30°C) 45° D) 60° E) 75°。

lec判别法
（实用版）
目录
1.Lec 判别法简介
2.Lec 判别法的基本原理
3.Lec 判别法的应用领域
4.Lec 判别法的优缺点
正文
Lec 判别法，全称 Lecun 支持向量机判别法，是一种基于支持向量机（SVM）的机器学习算法，主要用于图像分类和数据挖掘领域。

Lec 判别法以其较高的准确性和较强的泛化能力，在众多分类算法中脱颖而出，成为当前应用最为广泛的分类方法之一。

Lec 判别法的基本原理是基于最大间隔分类的思想，通过找到一个最优的超平面，将不同类别的数据分隔开来。

在训练过程中，Lec 判别法使用核函数将原始数据映射到高维空间，从而提高分类的准确性。

此外，Lec 判别法还采用了正则化技术，以防止过拟合现象的发生。

Lec 判别法的应用领域非常广泛，包括计算机视觉、语音识别、文本分类、生物信息学等。

特别是在图像分类领域，Lec 判别法凭借其优越的性能，成为了许多图像识别任务的首选算法。

Lec 判别法具有许多优点，例如较高的分类准确性、较强的泛化能力和较好的鲁棒性。

然而，它也存在一些缺点，如计算复杂度较高、对噪声敏感以及需要选择合适的核函数等。

为了克服这些缺点，研究者们在 Lec 判别法的基础上，提出了许多改进算法，如多项式核、径向基核、支持向量回归等。

总之，Lec 判别法作为一种经典的机器学习算法，在许多应用领域都
取得了显著的成果。

2009年北京化工大学ACM/ICPC校内网上预选赛题目列表Problem A 百步穿杨 (3)Problem B 城堡守卫战 (5)Problem C 渡河问题 (6)Problem D 德克斯特的困扰 (8)Problem E 节约经费 (9)Problem F 连续子段和 (10)Problem G Nonogram 生成器 (11)Problem H 神秘答案 (13)Problem I 新时代水王 (14)比赛时间2009-05-30 09:00至2009-05-31 21:00竞赛网址/oj/Contest/Contest.aspx?cid=1115赛事说明1.本次竞赛由北京化工大学教务处和信息科学与技术学院共同主办、信息科学与技术学院计算机系承办。

2.本次竞赛有金、银、铜奖若干名，竞赛结果将作为选拔我校参与本年度10月份举行的ACM国际大学生程序设计竞赛亚洲区预选赛队员的重要依据。

3.本次竞赛为个人赛，请各位参赛选手独立完成。

4.比赛期间每人限用一个ID，使用多ID提交的参赛者将被取消参赛资格。

5.主办方为北区的参赛者申请了北区一机房，北区的参赛者可以前往该机房参加比赛。

6.赛前未报名的参赛者请务必在比赛期间或比赛结束一天之内将班级、姓名、参赛ID发至harder_j@。

7.如有任何疑问，请访问OJ论坛比赛答疑板块，比赛期间我们将在线答疑！/bbs/index.asp?boardid=17Problem A百步穿杨时间：1s 内存：65536K在潜心修炼了N年之后，少侠想测试他已经到了几步穿杨的水平。

他知道他现在的水平最多可能有s步穿杨（可能是0步穿杨到s步穿杨中的任意值）。

水平为p步穿杨的意思为，在距离为p步及更近之处可以射穿杨柳叶子，而在距离为p+1步及更远处就不行。

毋庸置疑，少侠拥有零步穿杨的能力，所以少侠不必也不会在0步远处测试他的能力。

每次测试，如果少侠没能射中目标，箭就会飞的无影无踪；如果射中了目标，少侠就能捡回箭，继续用于测试。