Exercise for diction

1．Answerthesequestionsaccordingtothelastlesson根据上节课内容回答我的问题2．Listentothedialogueoncemoreandcompletetheseexercises.再听一遍并完成这些联系。

3．Whocantalkaboutthestoryinyourownwords?谁能用自己的话谈论一下这个故事4．Whocanrecitethetext?Handsup.Please5．Toletmeseeifyou’veunderstood,I’llasksomeque stionsonthispassage.让我看看你们是否已掌握，就这段文章，我要提几个问题6．7．8．9．1617．23.Practiceafterclass.memorizethesewords,课后做些练习，熟记这些单词24.Takenotes,please.请记笔记25.Whowouldliketocometothefrontandwriteontheblackboard?谁愿意上前把答案写到黑板上？26.Somuchforthediction,pleasehandinyourexercise-books.听写到这里，请把你们的练习本交上了27.Nowwe’regoingtolearnsomenewwordsandexpressions我们来学习一些新词汇和短语28.Haveyoupreviewedthenewwords?你们预习了新单词吗？29.What’sthemeaningoftheword?这个单词的意思含义是什么？30.Whocanexplaintheuseofthewordtome?谁能解释下这个单词的用法31.Givemeanexample,please?Canyougivemeanexample?谁来举个例子32.Ok.Tellmethedefensesbetweenthetwosentences请告诉我这两个短语的不同34.3945.Listentothetapewithyourbooksclosed.听录音的时候，请合上书。

句子成分句子成分：组成句子各个部分叫句子成分。

包括主语，谓语，表语，宾语，定语，状语，宾语补足语，同位语，插入语。

一、主语(subject)：表示动作的发出者或执行者，由名词，代词，数词，动名词，不定式，the +adj.充当。

一般位于句首，在there be句型，疑问句和倒装句中主语放在动词，助动词，情态动词之后。

The boy comes from America. (n.)She often helps others. (pron. )This is an English book. (pron.)Two and two is four. (数词)Taking exercise is good for our health. (动名词)To be a doctor is my dream. (不定式)It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）The rich should help the poor. ( the+adj. )Where do you come from? （疑问句）Do you have any brothers? （疑问句）There are many people in the supermarket. (倒装句)Here comes the bus. (倒装句)二、谓语(predicate)：表示主语的动作，行为或状态，由动词或动词短语充当。

谓语动词和主语必须保持人称和数的一致。

在一个单句里，没有连词的情况下只能出现一个动词作谓语。

系动词(be, look, sound, taste, smell, fell等)行为动词及物动词，接宾语动词不及物动词，不接宾语(加介词后可带宾语)情态动词不单独作谓语，必须和动词原形连用助动词不单独作谓语，和动词一起构成疑问或否定句1.简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

常用动词（词组）用法区别初中英语语法知识汇编常用动词（词组）用法区别许多动词或动词词组的意义相同或相近，但用法却往往不同。

要弄清其意义和区别，需考虑词语自身的用法、词与词的关联和限制以及句子结构对词语使用时的限制等多方面因素进行考虑。

初中英语中常用动词（短语）的区别主要应考虑以下几个方面：1. 及物和不及物的区别2. 动作和状态的区别以及瞬间和延续的区别3. 感官动词的有意识和无意识的区别4. 过程和结果的区别5. 词与词的搭配和限制6. 句子结构对词语使用时的限制词语辨析1、see; look; watch; read几个“看”的区别：主要考虑有意识和无意识的区别以及所“看”事物的不同see：无意识感官动词（非目的性动作），及物动词（其后必须带上宾语句子意义才完整），说明“看”的能力，用于一般现在时，常同情态动词连用。

e.g We can see a map of China on the back wall of our classroom.I saw Mr. Black when I was walking on the street yesterday.look：有意识感官动词（带有目的性的动作），不及物动词（不需带宾语句子意义已完整），带宾语时，需加介词at，用于表示“看着”一个相对静止的事物。

e.g Please look at the blackboard carefully.He looked around but saw nothing.watch：有意识感官动词，及物动词，用于表示“观看”一个运动着的事物。

e.g I’m going to watch a football match tomorrow afterno on.He stayed at home and watched TV last Sunday.read：有意识感官动词，及物或不及物动词，用于表示“读”文字类的事物。

1．Answer these questions according to the last lesson根据上节课内容回答我的问题2．Listen to the dialogue once more and complete these exercises再.听一遍并完成这些联系。

3．Who can talk about the story in your own words?谁能用自己的话谈论一下这个故事4．Who can recite the text? Hands up. Please5．To let me see if you?ve understood ,I?ll ask some questions on this passage让.我看看你们是否已掌握，就这段文章，我要提几个问题6．Are you ready?准备好了么？7．Hello boys and girls ,let?s start now 孩,子们好，准备上课8．Is anyone away?/who?s absent?考勤9．First，let?s o some review 复习一下10.Who can tell what we did in the last lesson?谁能回顾下我们上节课学的知识11.Now we?re going to do something new、 Let?s learn something new我们开始学新知识12.Look over here.看这里13.Please look at the blackboard请.看黑板14.Get into groups of three三.人一组15.Everybody find a partner. /in pairs, please两.人一组16.Let?sdo it one by one 一个接一个的17．Practice the dialogue, please请.联系下对话18.Follow me please. /repeat after me，跟我读19.Please answer the question回.答这个问题20.Please read this letter/word sentence out loud请.大声朗读21.Listen and repeat. /look and listen听.并且跟读22, excellent, goodjob,做得好23.Practice after class .memorize these words,课后做些练习，熟记这些单词24.Takenotes, please请.记笔记谁愿意上前把答案写到黑板上？26. So much for the diction, please hand in your exercise-books.听写到这里，请把你们的练习本交上了27. Now we?re going to learn some new words and expressions我们来学习一些新词汇和短语28.Have you previewed the new words?你们预习了新单词吗？29.What?s the meaning of the word?这个单词的意思含义是什么？30.Who can explain the use of the word to me?谁能解释下这个单词的用法31.Give me an example, please? Can you give me an example?谁来举个例子32.Ok.Tell me the defenses between the two sentences请告诉我这两个短语的不同33. Can you make a sentence with this word/phrase?请用这个单词短语造句34.I?ll ask two students to write the answers on the blackboard. Any volunteer?我将要找学生把答案写在黑板上，谁愿意？35. Can you say the sentence/phrase/word in another way?能用其他方式解释下这个句子/短语 /单词吗？36.What can you see in the picture?从这个图片中你们能发现什么？37.Look at picture .guess what is going on happened?看这个图片，猜猜接下来会发生什么38. Who can describe the picture in detail again?谁能再描述下这个图片的细节?39.Let?scome to the dialogue in part two两.人一组读对话40.Readthe dialogue in pairs, please两.人一组读下面对话41.Now listen to thetape, beforelistening, look at the pictures and guess who can play soccer well.听录音在听之前，看图片猜下，谁足球踢的比较好42.The first lesson has been finished, have you grasped all the key points?第一课结束了，大家掌握了所有的要点了吗？43.Beforelistening, read through the questions in thebook听.录音，在听之前，先阅读一下问题44.Close your books while listening.听录音的时候，请把书合上45.Listen to the tape with your books closed听.录音的时候，请合上书。

初中英语星级训练完形填空+首字母六年级全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Last year, when I was in sixth grade, my English teacher introduced us to this new exercise called "First Letter Six Years." At first, I didn't really understand what it was or why we were doing it. But as we kept practicing it throughout the year, I realized how helpful it was for improving my vocabulary and reading comprehension skills.The way "First Letter Six Years" works is that the teacher gives us a list of words, and we have to come up with vocabulary words that start with each of those letters. For example, if the list was A, B, C, we might say "Aardvark, Bouncy, Caterpillar." It's a lot trickier than it sounds, especially when you get to the more obscure letters like X or Z.At the beginning, a lot of us struggled. We'd spend forever racking our brains trying to think of words for Q or U. Sometimes we'd end up using really outlandish words that nobody actually uses in real life, like "Quinoa" or "Uxorious." Our teacher let us work together though, which helped a ton.The kids who werestrong in English would share weird words they knew with the rest of us.As the year went on and we kept doing "First Letter Six Years" over and over, something crazy happened - our vocabularies actually expanded! All those wacky words started sticking in our brains. We got faster at recalling interesting vocabulary on the spot. When we'd read stories or articles in class, more and more of us would recognize definitions without having to ask.By the time we finished sixth grade, "First Letter Six Years" had become like a fun vocabulary game that we all looked forward to. Our teacher promised that the exercise would help prepare us for the kinds of cloze passages and other reading comprehension challenges we'd face in middle school English. None of us really believed her at the time, but boy was she right!Now that I'm in seventh grade, cloze passages and other "fill in the blank" exercises are a huge part of our English curriculum.A "cloze passage" is just a page-long story or article with certain words removed. You have to use context clues and vocabulary knowledge to figure out which words go in the blanks.At first, these cloze worksheets seemed impossible. There would be 20 or 30 blanks per passage, and I'd stare blankly atthem, unable to make sense of the context. My mind would go blank whenever I tried to summon vocabulary words that could potentially fit. It was like all the words I knew had been wiped from my memory.That's when I remembered "First Letter Six Years" and the training it had given my brain to quickly retrieve vocabulary from the crevices of my mind. Suddenly, those cloze exercises started clicking into place. I'd read the sentence fragment before the blank, think of the first letter that the missing word started with, and bam - obscure words would miraculously pop into my head!"Oh, this blank needs a word that starts with Q for being stingy...Quibbling! It must be 'quibbling' based on the context!" My mind would make these lightning-fast connections, all thanks to the mental muscles I'd developed from a year of "First Letter Six Years."Not only has this made me way better at cloze passages, but it's helped with other reading comprehension challenges too. Whenever I come across a vocabulary word I don't recognize while reading, I can break it down by looking at context and roots/prefixes/suffixes. Just knowing a word starts with a Q or Z automatically unlocks potential definitions in my head.My strong vocabulary has even helped on writing assignments. I'm able to sprinkle in much more interesting and nuanced word choices, like "quintessential" or "zephyr" or "xylocarp." My teacher always leaves nice comments about my "excellent diction" on essays.Of course, vocabulary and reading comp isn't everything when it comes to English class. We've also covered a ton of grammar concepts, from participle phrases to subjunctive moods. And we've analyzed literature too, exploring themes and motifs in short stories and novels. But I'd argue that vocabulary knowledge is the foundation for performing well in all those other areas.After all, how can you dissect an author's writing style if you don't understand the meaning of the words they use? How can you properly demonstrate your understanding of grammatical structures if you don't have a robust lexicon to pull from? Vocabulary is key for any part of English, which is why I'm so grateful my sixth grade teacher made us do "First Letter Six Years."What started as a silly warm-up activity ended up giving me invaluable skills and knowledge that I've been able to apply throughout my English studies in middle school. And I know"First Letter Six Years," combined with all the cloze passage work we're doing, is just setting me up for more success as my English education continues.By the time I get to high school, I'll basically be a walking thesaurus! Okay, maybe not quite. But you get what I mean. My point is, as tedious and pointless as certain exercises may seem, they could actually be secretly sharpening your skills in incredibly helpful ways. So keep practicing, keep studying, and keep absorbing new words like a sponge. It'll all pay off bigtime in the long run!篇2Title: My English Cloze Passage & Word GamesHey friends! It's time for another round of English practice. I know, I know...you're probably thinking "Ugh, why do we have to keep doing this stuff?" But trust me, it really helps get our English skills stronger for those big tests coming up.First up, we've got a cloze passage to try. That just means a passage with some blanks to fill in with the right words. These can be pretty tricky, but they're awesome practice for building our vocab and comprehension abilities. Ready to give it a shot?The Cloze Passage: A Day at the BeachIt was a (1)__________ summer day, so my family decided to go to the beach. We packed up our (2)_________ with towels, sunscreen, and snacks galore. I could hardly (3)_________ my excitement for swimming and (4)_________ in the warm sunshine.When we arrived, the beach was already (5)____. Families had set up their umbrellas and chairs along the golden sand. The amazing (6)_______ of the salty ocean filled the air as I stepped out of the car. I took a deep (7)_____ and felt totally relaxed.After spreading out our towels, I quickly (8)_________ off my shirt and shorts. "Last one in the water is a rotten egg!" I yelled to my little brother. We both went (9)_________ towards the sparkling waves. The cool water was so (10)_________ and refreshing.A few hours later, we were (11)_________ and starting to get hungry. We dried off and unpacked our picnic (12)_________ - sandwiches, chips, fruit, and more. As we ate our lunch, I looked around at all the happy faces (13)_________ me. An elderly couple was taking a stroll (14)_________ the shoreline. Little kids were(15)_________ sandcastles nearby. I felt so (16)_________ to live close to such a beautiful beach.After our bellies were full, I convinced my parents to (17)_________ me buy an ice cream cone from the snack shack. I got a huge scoop of (18)_________ chocolate chip - my favorite! We spent the rest of the afternoon (19)_________ frisbee and relaxing in the sun's warm (20)_________.What an amazing day at the beach! I can't wait for our next trip back.Okay, let's see how you did filling in those blanks. Here are the answers:gorgeouscoolercontainbaskingcrowdedaromabreathstrippedracingrefreshingparchedfeastsurroundingalongbuildinggratefulletcreamytossingraysWow, that was a doozy! How'd you score? Don't feel bad if you missed some - it takes a lot of practice to master stuff like that.Alright, now for a quick vocabulary game to reinforce some of those words we just used. I'll give you the first letter anddefinition, and you have to guess the word! Grade 6 words only, nothing too crazy. Let's play!G - An attractive, delightful, or beautiful thing.C - A portable insulated container for carrying foods and keeping them cool.C - To be able to hold or have within.B - Lying exposed to warming rays, such as from the sun.C - Overcrowded or filled to capacity.A - A distinctive, pervasive smell.B - The air taken into the lungs and expelled.S - To remove by pulling off or away.R - To run or go at top speed.R - Providing new strength, energy, or relief.Time's up! Here are the words:GorgeousCoolerContainBaskingCrowdedAromaBreathStrippedRacingRefreshingNice job on those vocabulary builders! I loved doing little brain teasers like that in class. It makes learning new words way more fun.Well, that's it from me today friends! Make sure to keep working hard on your English skills. It'll pay off big time when those exams roll around. Spend some time at the beach this summer too - it's the perfect place to relax and maybe even get some reading practice done. Just don't forget the sunscreen!Until next time,[Your Name]篇3Cloze PassageHey classmates! Today we're going to (1)_____ on a tricky cloze passage from our latest (2)_____ book. These always take some critical thinking, but (3)_____ me, the payoff is worth it - they (4)_____ level up our English skills like crazy!The (5)_____ is about a young girl named Emily (6)_____ a trip to the big city to visit (7)_____ grandmother. As we follow her adventure, we'll (8)_____ across different situations that test our vocabulary (9)_____ grammar knowledge.Stay sharp, and let's dive (10)_____!Emily could hardly contain her excitement as the (11)_____ pulled into the train station. She had (12)_____ forward to this city vacation for months. (13)_____ opening the door, she was immediately struck (14)_____ the dazzling lights and bustling crowds. Coming (15)_____ a small town, the energy was almost (16)_____!She quickly located her grandmother waiting (17)_____ the platform. "Grandma!" Emily shouted, running over (18)_____ a huge hug. Her grandmother laughed and (19)_____ enthusiastically back. "My, haven't you grown! This (20)_____ is going to be such fun!"After (21)_____ a quick lunch, they headed straight for (22)_____ museum Emily had been dying to see. (23)_____ the entrance, an imposing statue depicting an (24)_____ warrior on horseback towered overhead. Emily gazed (25)_____ in awe...(1) work, focus, tackle, grapple(2) textbook, workbook, coursebook, exercise(3) trust, believe, think, consider(4) really, definitely, absolutely, totally(5) passage, excerpt, selection, text(6) taking, making, having, doing(7) her, the, his, their(8) come, run, move, encounter(9) and, with, as, plus(10) in, through, over, up(11) train, bus, subway, taxi(12) looked, hoped, waited, anticipated(13) Upon, When, After, Since(14) by, with, at, in(15) from, out, off, up(16) overwhelming, overbearing, overpowering, overshadowing(17) on, at, by, to(18) for, with, in, into(19) embraced, clutched, grasped, gripped(20) visit, stay, holiday, trip(21) having, eating, consuming, devouring(22) the, a, an, that(23) At, By, Near, Outside(24) ancient, antique, archaic, dated(25) up, over, around, aboutFirst Letter ExercisesUnscramble the words by rearranging the first letters to form a new word:PYNAH _ _ _ _ _ TGNA_ _ _ _ GEAHR_ _ _ _ _ ONURD_ _ _ _ _AHCLO_ _ _ _ _ KILM_ _ _ _ RAEHD_ _ _ _ _ LAEBS_ _ _ _ _RLACI_ _ _ _ _ NRCIE_ _ _ _ _ NSTIO_ _ _ _ _ IECVR_ _ _ _ _KMRO_ _ _ _ AAPR_ _ _ _ WATE_ _ _ _ ETDRA_ _ _ _ _DBRAE_ _ _ _ _ SETGU_ _ _ _ _ INLEC_ _ _ _ _ ICEFR_ _ _ _ _DSKEA_ _ _ _ _ KSCEN_ _ _ _ _ AYFM_ _ _ _ WOHS_ _ _ _ _。

Unit4 Drawing in the parkⅠ The background information本单元主要学习内容是用I can see…的句型描述公园里的事物。

四会单词是prak,draw,flower,them,boat,river,lake；主要句型是What can you see..?以及回答I can see…学生虽然有一定基础，但本单元对他们来说存在很大难度.首先充分利用书本，根据书本上的图片让意和形结合，充分调动学生的感知，让学生学的愉快而轻松。

其次，让学生以旧带新，并且新旧结合，滚动复习，拓展语言运用面。

最后丰富学生的语言知识，通过模仿角色进行表演的方式让学生真正用到所学语言。

在字母发音上要让学生学会方法，自己归归类，自己总结发音规律，方便记忆。

同时也要指导学生练习单词重音和句子重音，培养学生的朗读节奏和语感。

通过设计适当的场景，在模仿表演和自编自演对话中帮助学生了解语境，促进实际运用。

通过学生自己的总结和归纳，帮助学生掌握学习方法。

Ⅱ Teaching aims and learning objectives一、能听懂、会说、会会运用单词：park,draw,flower,them,boat,river,lake二、能听懂、会说、会读、会运用句型What can you see..?以及回答I can see…三、能够正确读出字母 e 发音，并自己归纳一些词。

四、能在任务型学习的过程中运用相关的语言知识和技能，完成某项任务。

Ⅲ Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty一、能听懂、会说、会读、会运用单词：park,draw,flower,them,boat,river,lake二、能听懂、会说、会读、会运用句型What can you see..?以及回答I can see…三、能够正确读出辅音字母e的发音，并自己归纳一些词。

LiteratureScript:Wondering how a writer creates a story that holds your curiosity throughout play or drama? Well, fiction is one of the types of literature that includes novels, prose, poems, short stories and dramas. Fiction is defined as a narrative that is based on imagination. A complete work involves how an author organizes his ideas, the points he covers. Has he used any techniques such as foreshadowing method (e.g. Shakespearean dramas like Hamlet, King Lear, Othello) to keep the interest of the reader or audience throughout the play? How does the poetic deviation method make Wordsworth's poem a melody? Yes, there are lots of factors that help decide the flow of the whole story. These factors are specific methods used in literary language. A successful fiction story may make a reader feel strongly identified with one of its interesting characters even in real life, too. Let's respond to the above questions with the help of the elements of fiction...Elements of FictionPlotThe story revolves around the plot. A plot contains incidents composed of many parts. The sequence begins with an exposition (background), blooms in the conflict (rising actions, between two forces, protagonist or antagonist), climax (peak of the story in the middle) and resolution (victory, defeat, sad ending or happy ending). Plato's concept of plot is based on place, time and manner.SettingThe actual place where the story takes place is the setting. Basically, the setting depends on the theme and choice of the places as the author's story may require such as a house, jungle, palace, or workplace. It can be different places according to the sequence of events in the plot.ThemeWhat the author wants to convey is the central idea of the story and is known as the “'theme”. Sometimes, the theme may be more than one. The main theme supports the subject and the moral of the narrative, which the reader indirectly comes across in a play. Love, revenge, historic, political, picturesque and allegory are some of the themes used in romantic poem such as Robert Burns' –“My Love is Like a Red, Red Rose” - has love as a theme.CharacterWriter presents his characters in two ways. Direct presentation follows in theatrical plays. Second way is an indirect presentation where the character's words, actions and feelings are shown in indirect way with the support of imagery and soliloquy. A narrative fiction will generally have round, flat, dynamic and static characters.Sometimes there are two opposite characters, such as protagonist and antagonist. Point of ViewThe story presents the point of view of the narrator. Who is the narrator of the story? Is it writer himself or the character introduces others in the story? The point of view can be presented in different forms:First-person point of view: I, me, we - like the author or a character within the story. Second-person point of view: You - that includes readers. This form is rarely used. Third-person point of view: He, she, it or imaginary (or omniscient figures, god-like persons, fairytale creatures.)There are some more types found that are objective, subjective and multiple-person narrative mode point of view.Language DictionLanguage diction refers to the choice of wording used by the author. Every culture, all over the world, has its own literature. An author can use simple, ornamental, foregrounding, rustic language, figures of speech or amalgams of various languages in the narrative. In poetry, rhyme, rhythm, tone (rising and falling), deviation and exaggeration methods are followed to form it into a melodic stanza.Audience or ReadersThe passive listener/audience (in a drama) or readers (in a novel, poem or short story) are important factors in a narration, as the entire story unfolds. The true success of an author's work can be considered the attention or influence or impact it leaves on a reader. In the same way, active participation of the audience indicates the success of author's play.Text B British Literature is GreatScript:Poets, playwrights and novelists, Britain is famous for its literary talent. From Chaucer’s Tales to J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter… so much of the world’s greatest literature has come from Britain.And the greatest British writer of them all is the Bard himself: William Shakespeare, and this is Shakespeare’s Globe in London, on the banks of the River Thames. William Shakespeare wrote some of the most famous plays in the world. Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet and Macbeth are among his best-known works. Many of his plays were performed at the original Globe Theatre, a short distance from here. It burnt down in 1613, during a performance of Henry VIII.Shakespeare’s Globe opened to the public fifteen years ago. It’s an idea or “best guess”at what the Globe might have looked like. It’s a theatre, exhibition space and place of international education. It aims to bring an appreciation of Shakespeare to awider audience.Dominic Dromgoole is the Globe's artistic director.Richard: Dominic, tell me about the Globe.Dominic: The Globe is a recreation of Shakespeare's theatre which was originally built in 1599 by Shakespeare's own company to house his own work and the work of many other playwrights. It's an extraordinary theatre. It has no roof, as you can see, which makes it extraordinary within itself. It has a curved auditorium and a beautiful frons scenae, and it's probably one of the most exciting theatres to watch a play in or to act in in the world.Richard: So what happens here?Dominic: We do about 300 performances every year, about 1,500 people attend every performance. We do a variety of plays by Shakespeare, by other contemporaries of Shakespeare, by... new plays as well, and an extraordinary audience comes from all over the world.Richard: Do you think Shakespeare is still relevant today?Dominic: More than ever. Shakespeare speaks to us about our own personal feelings, about love, about grief, about jealousy, about joy, about bereavement, about any of a huge number of things. I can hardly think of a contemporary writer who is as relevant as Shakespeare is.Do you know what? I’ve got a real feeling of what a theatre would have been like hundreds of years ago. It’s inspirational…“To be or not to be? That's the question”, isn't it?The British landscape has had a huge influence on generations of writers and has inspired them to produce some of their greatest works.The beauty of the Dorset countryside shines through Thomas Hardy's novels, and Wordsworth's poetry is clearly affected by his love of the Lake District.The landscape of the city has also influenced authors. The plight of the urban poor inspired one the giants of English literature, Charles Dickens.Charles Dickens was a great British novelist. He lived here, at 48 Doughty Street in London, and his old home has now been turned into a museum. I’m going to step back in time to see how Dickens might have lived.The Charles Dickens Museum has over 100,000 rare books, works of art and many personal items owned by Dickens himself. Some of his best-loved works, like Oliver Twist and Nicholas Nickleby, were written here. Dickens was popular in his day, but his work has never gone out of print.Julia Ziemer works at the museum.Richard: Julia, tell me about the museum.Julia: So, the museum is based at 48 Doughty Street in London. It's where Dickens lived for 2 years with his young family and where he wrote Oliver Twist, The Pickwick Papers and Nicholas Nickleby.Richard: What are your most important pieces?Julia: We have original manuscript material from Oliver Twist and Nicholas Nickleby. We have the desk that Dickens wrote on for his final novel and the painting by R.W. Buss called Dickens's Dream.Richard: Dickens led a very hard life. Do you think that influenced his writing? Julia: Absolutely. Dickens was sent to work in a factory when he was just 10 years old, and that experience stayed with him for the rest of his life. If you look at his novels, lots of characters are young children working in horrible conditions. Richard: Why was he such an important figure?Julia: Dickens was a unique writer in his time in that he was very popular with the working classes but also respected by the literature community and read by the higher classes.Richard: He was born 200 years ago. Do you think he's still relevant today?Julia: Definitely. 200 years on, the things that Dickens was writing about - social inequality, poverty - are still very relevant today.This is the last desk that Dickens ever wrote at and I can’t wait to have a read of these. Dickens’ work seems to be able to cross the centuries, but he’s not alone. Other British novelists from the past are still popular today.Part IV HomeworkSection A Listening Task.Exercise: Spot DictationDirection: Listen to the passage about John Steinbeck and fill in the blanks with what you hear.John Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California, in 1902. His parents were active in the community and encouraged his love of reading and writing. During the summertime, the young Steinbeck worked on nearby ranches as a hired hand, giving him a (1) deep appreciation for the countryside of California and the people who lived there.After his graduation from high school, Steinbeck attended Stanford University, where he started out as an English major. He then began to pursue (2) independent study programs, and attended school sporadically while working a variety of different jobs. Steinbeck permanently left Stanford in 1925 with the idea of pursuing (3)his formal writing career in New York City. However, he was unable to get anything published, so he returned to California, where he published his first novel, titled A Cup of Gold.Although his first book attracted very little attention from (4) critics and the public, but Steinbeck continued his pursuit, publishing two more novels, To a God Unknown and The Pastures of Heaven. Both of these books were also (5) received poorly by the world of literature, but undaunted, Steinbeck continued writing. He married Carol Henning, his first wife, in 1930 and they made their home in Pacific Grove. It was there that Steinbeck gathered much of the material he used in writing Tortilla Flat and Cannery Row. Both of these books (6) marked aturning point in the career of Steinbeck, with Tortilla Flat receiving the California Commonwealth Club’s Gold Medal honoring the best novel by an author in California. With his (7) long-awaited recognition as encouragement, Steinbeck wrote his seminal The Grapes of Wrath, for which he won the Pulitzer Prize. He continued to write prolifically, and in 1962 he was awarded the (8) Nobel Prize for Literature.Today, 17 miles from Monterey, a (9) scenic drive will take you to the John Steinbeck Center, located in the heart of Steinbeck’s stomping grounds in historic old town Salinas. The Center provides visitors with three experiences in history and literature, (10) art and agriculture, and special events and (11) educational programs. The John Steinbeck Exhibition Hall offers visitors an assortment of multisensory (12) interactive exhibits for all ages. The hall also contains rare artifacts as well as seven theaters showcasing some of Steinbeck’s most noted works, including East of Eden, Of Mice and Men, Cannery Row, and The Grapes of Wrath.The Rabobank Agriculture Museum gives visitors the chance to explore the tales of the Salinas Valley, which has long been considered (13) "the Salad Bowl of the World." This permanent exhibit (14) pays homage to the people, history, and technology of the agricultural industry developed through decades of farming on California’s Central Coast. (15) Multiple gallery areas offer changing art works and cultural exhibits, supporting the ideas Steinbeck wrote about. His works routinely focused on championing the disenfranchised and forgotten people of small farming communities, while affirming the (16) underlying strength of the human spirit.。

英汉语言差异之八抽象与具体Abstract vs. Concrete英语的名词化往往导致表达的抽象化。

英语的抽象化表达法主要见于使用大量的抽象名词。

这类名词含义广泛，指称笼统，往往有一种“虚，泛，暗，曲，隐”的“魅力”，因而用于表达复杂的思想和微妙的情绪。

抽象表达法在英语当中使用相当普遍，尤其常用于社会科学论着，官方文章，报刊评论，法律文书，商业信函等文体。

Eg：The signs of the times point to the necessity of the modification of the system of administration. (Times)No year passes now without evidence of the truth of the statement that the work of government is becoming increasingly difficult. (Spectator)There seems to have been an absence of attempt at conciliation between rival sects. (Daily Telegraph)译文：管理体制需要改革，这已经越来越清楚了。

行政管理工作已经变得越来越困难了，每年都证明确实如此。

对立的派别似乎从来就没有试图去谋求和解。

用简单的英文表述：1. It is becoming clear that the administrative system must be modified.2.Every year shows again how true it is that…3. The sects seem never even to have tried mutual conciliation.英语中广泛使用抽象表达法的原因如下：一.抽象思维被人们认为是一种高级思维（superior mind)，是文明人的一种象征(mark of civilized man)。