高中英语非谓语动词课件

Climbing mountains was _ti_ri_n_g, so we all felt _ti_re_d_. (tire)
四. V-ing作定语
1. I have a sleeping bag.
（表示功能或用途）
2. Here is a sleeping baby.
（表示主动、正在进行）
高中英语 高一年级
非谓语动词之动词-ing 形式
Learning objectives:
After this class, you will be able to know what is v-ing form and how to use it correctly and properly.
非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指由动词变化而来， 具有动词的性质和意义，但不能 充当谓语来使用的词。
非谓语动词的三种形式： 1. 过去分词 （done）【被动、完成】 2. 动词不定式 （to do）【将来、未完成】 3. 动词-ing形式 （doing）【主动、进行】
V-ing form
构成规则：
规则
动词原形
一般情况直接加-ing
clean, look,read
以不发音的e结尾的动词 make, come,dance 去掉e再加ing
以重读闭音节结尾，末 尾只有一个辅音字母的 动词，双写辅音字母再 加ing
get,swim,begin
少数以ie结尾的动词，先 lie,tie,die 变ie为y, 再加ing
以y 结尾的加ing
play,buy,study
现在分词 cleaning,looking,reading making,coming,dancing getting,swimming, beginning

(6) 状语 Adverbial
1.表目的
I came here to see you. He got up early to catch the train.
in order to , so as to ,
2.表原因
We were very excited to hear the news.
3.表结果
make
feel
7.她觉得没有没有必要和他辩论。
She thought it unnecessary to argue with him.
(4). 宾补 Complement
The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.
allow, cause, ask, advise, expect, force, permit,
persuade, tell, want, warn, teach等. + sb to do
医生建议他去南方.
The doctor advised him to go to the south.
当遇到下列动词时,不定式省略to:
watch
let
五看 see
三使 make
look at
have
notice observe
---It is a very good _____.
A. school to study in B. school for children to study
C. studying school
D. school to study
*我想要几本书在旅途中看。 I’d likea_f_e_w__b_o_ok_s__t_o_r_e_a_d_d_u_r_in_g__th_e__j_ou_r_n_e_y__.

I'm looking forword to your coming next time. He is fond of watching sports games. Once you want to do something, you must get down to doing it well. There is no sense in worrying about the past.
Getting up early is good habit.
To get up early this morning made me sleepy.
②动名词短语作主语时，常将一些较长的动名词短语置于句尾， 而用it 作形式主语，常用句型有：
no use/good uesful/useless It is/was+ of little use/good +doing sth. a waste of time worth It's no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It's waste of time arguing with such a person. It's worth making an appointment before you go.
4. 动名词作定语
动名词作定语的情况并不普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作名词
的定语，表示所修饰名词的用途或功能，在意义上相当于“名词
+for+ doing”。
swimming pool 游泳池
reading material 阅读材料
walking stick 手杖
opening speech 开幕词
2. 动名词作宾语

him mad. • A.His son is absent • B.His son being absent • C.His son’s being absent • D.His son’s being absence
• He was awakened by_____ on the window.
• A. lacked
B. lack
• C. lacking D. lacked in
• _C_____ awful, she walked home
carrying her schoolbag full of
homework.
• A. Feel
B. To feel
• C. Feeling
D. Felt
practice
As space trips become longer, it will be
necessary_________ food in space.
A. growing B. to grow
C. grew
D. to growing
三. 非谓语作宾语
• 3.1介词后面用动名词：
• ---I must apologize for______ ahead of time.
fallen leaves
The man who is playing the piano over there is Mr.William.
The man playing the piano over there is Mr.William.
同步练习！
• ---Who is the man _______ to the headmaster now?
鬼
（7）go on to do sth. 做完某事后接着做另一事 ）

二. 动词不定式的句法作用法
动词不定式有副词，形容词和 名词的特征，因此在句中可作 主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表 语定语、状语等成份。
To do that sort of thing is foolish。
主语
动 I want to see you this evening
宾语
词 不 All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语
It’s our duty __ help the poor. It is a great enjoyment __ spend our holiday in the mountains
句型3：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.
It is + adj + for sb to do sth （是形容事物的性质的 ） It is + adj + of sb to do sth （是形容人的品质的 ）
make let have
do + sb. + doing
done
sb. be
seen watched looked at heard listened to felt noticed
+ to do
made let
2). I often hear them (sing) this song.
Did you notice anyone (come )in ? I would have him (wait) for me for a long time. Look at the horse jump.
1. They wanted ____( get ) on the bus, didn’t they? 2. He said he wished ______( be ) a professor. 3. I agreed______ ( go ) there with the doctor. 4. My daughter preferred ______ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties. 5. He had promised ______ ( give ) me a hand.

2. 非谓语的否定：在整个非谓语结构前+not/never
Not considering your feeling is my fault. Not to speak in the library is a manner.
3. 非谓语做主语，可被定语修饰 (sb’s)
My opening the door disturbed you.
非谓语的基本结构和功能
形式
名称
具有以 下词类 功能
主语
非谓语可充当的句子成分 宾语 表语 定语 状语
宾补
名词
to do
动词不 定式
形容词
√
√
√
√
√
√
副词
doing done
动名词
现在分 词 过去分 词
名词
形容词 副词
doing 现在分词/动名词
1. Talking is easier than doing. 2. It is no use waiting here. 3. Mary is thinking of going back to New York. 4. My hobby is collecting stamps. 5. We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.
主语 主语 宾语 表语 宾补
6. The man standing by the window is my teacher. 定语
7. She fell off the bike, breaking her left leg.
状语
非谓语的基本结构和功能
形式
名称
具有以 下词类
功能
主语

非 谓 语 动 词
分词 -ing 形式
不定式
分词分现在分词和过去分 词两类，具有形容词和副 词的语法功能，在句子中 可以充当表语、定语、状 语和宾语补足语
动名词
•
.动名词在书写形式上同现在分词相同，但语法概念
和语法功能各异。动名词具有名词的语法作用，在句子
中主要充当主语和宾语。
Step 1 不定式的形式 to do （基本形） not to do to be done
eg. What the teacher said encouraged us to try our best at our work.
注意 ①在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但 是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。
4. Mary is always the first student teacher’s questions in class. A. rising C. rose
进行时
to be doing
无
完成时
to have done
to have been done
练习 1. —The light in the office is still on. ---Oh, I forgot .
A. turning it off C.. having turned it off
Eg. I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song.
注意 ②不定式动词在介词but, except, besides 后面时，如果这些介 词之前有行为动词do 的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定 式不带to, 否则要带to。

5.表让步
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. = Athough they knew all this, they...
Studying from morning till night, I didn’t pass the exam. = Athough I studied from morning till night, I ...
Even if invited, I won’t take part in the party. = Even if I am invited, I...
5. 表示方式或伴随
Supported by a girl, the old man got off the bus.
He walked up and down the room, lost in thought.
2）结果状语 He ran to the station only to find the train had left.
3）原因状语 We are excited to hear the news. I am very sorry to hear that.
注意：有时，不定式还可修饰一个句子， 表明说话人的态度。常见的这类不定式 有to tell you the truth，to be honest，to be frank，to be fair等。 例如：
注意：
1、为了使现在分词作状语表达的意思更 明确，可在动词ing前加上适当的连词： when,while, once, if, though, unless, even 等.
When waiting for the bus, he saw an old friend. Don’t talk while having dinner. Once losing the chance, you can’t easily find it.

❖ 1. ______ blood if you can and many lives will be saved.
❖ A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give ❖ 2.______ some of this juice, you’ll like it. ❖ A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Tried ❖ 3. When he returned , he found the book
一、分析句子结构,辨别“谓与非谓” 1. _C_____many time_s_, _b_u_t_he still couldn't understand it . 2. _A_____many times , he still couldn't understand it . A. Having been told B. Told
• having been built
• to be built
C.being built
D. built
After he graduated from Harvard, Obama worked as a lawyer, lecturer and then took up politics.
Having graduated from
❖ 1.非谓语作状语时， ❖ 2.非谓语作定语时， ❖ 3.非谓语作宾补时， ❖ 4.非谓语作表语时， ❖ 5.独立主格结构中，
三、分析语态
分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后， 分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配 使用时是主动还是被动关系。
1._S__e_e_n___from the top of the hill, o__u_r_
True or false 1k.iNBnodetilnye.g：Fatnheorapghraene,mtehnetnoufrstehetresautbejdectth.e boy

The farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school. It is surrounded by green trees. There is a small river which flows through the farm. When we enjoyed being close to nature, we began to help pick peaches. The peaches …
不及物动词：
falling leaves in the air
翻译： 正在下落的叶子
fallen leaves on the ground 翻译： 已经落下的叶子
8
Participle used as object complement (分词用作宾补)
1.Look! Can you see someone _d_an_c_i_n_g_(dance) in the square?
7.The teacher encourages us_t_o__re_a_d__(read)more.
宾补
10
敲黑板，划重点：
1 )找连词 ２)定关系 ３)记搭配
11
Step2 走近高考
1. (20全国II卷) Chinese New Year is a celebration _m_a_r_k_in_g_(mark) the end of the winter reason and the beginning of spring.
2)(20 全国I卷) I was encouraged by Zhong Nanshan. I was determined to be a doctor.

如果动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动形式。
原主则句五 主原：语则非 保谓 持五语 一：动 致非词 。谓作语状动语词时，作原状则语上时其，逻…辑主语应与 原原则则六：六强：调强动调作动发作生发在生主句在谓主语句动谓作语之动前作，原则上 要用完成式（-ing之的前完时成，式或…不定式的完成式）
原则七：用于名词后作定语，原则是：不定式表示动作
__m__a________ (make) it the most popular sport
in the world.
分词表示结果包含着一种必然发生的结果。
• 非谓语动词考点语篇填空综合应用
Exercise 1
• We are ____1___ (interest) in the story about Sn ow White because it is a very _______2_______ ( interest) story. Once upon a time, there was a pri ncess __3___ (name) Snow White. She was the m ost beautiful girl in the world but she had a step mother who treated her very badly. She even ord ered a guard to kill her. The guard didn’t kill Sno w White. Instead, he asked Snow White to escape at once. ___4___ (terrify) by some strange sound s, she ran quickly through the forest and came to a wooden house

street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。
Anybody swimming in this river will be fined. = Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined.
D. 在try，mean之后，意义各不相同， 如try to do (设法)，try doing (试试)， mean to do (打算，成心要做)， mean doing (意思是，意味着)。如：
1) 我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。
We must try to get everything done
2) I’ll remember to post the letter． 我会记着去寄信的。
3) I shall never forget seeing the famous writer． 我__永__久___不__会__忘__记__见__到__过__那__位__著__名__ 作__家__。_
4) Don’t forget to write to your mother． 不__要__忘__了__给__你__母__亲__写__信__。_
2) 这种事开不得玩笑。 Here is _n_o_j_o_k_i_n_g about such matter.
3) 没法知道他什么时候离开。 There was n__o_k_n_o_w__in_g_ when he would leave.
常用-ing情势作主语的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做……是没用处的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的

一、动词不定式
（2）不定式做宾语 动词不定式可以充当部分及物动词或动词短语的宾语，也可以充当部分介 词的宾语。 Don’t claim to know what you don’t know.不要不懂装懂。（不定式作claim 的宾语） He has no choice but to wait.他除了等待，别无他法。（不定式作介词but 的宾语） （3）不定式作宾语补足语 动词不定式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足 语，在这一句型中，宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。
I was interested in astronomy and he asked me to give a presentation to the class.我对天文学感兴趣，他让我对全班同学作口头陈述。（不定式作ask 的宾语补足语，逻辑主语是me。）
一、动词不定式
（3）不定式作宾语补足语 动词不定式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语， 在这一句型中，宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。
一、动词不定式
4.不定式的功能与用法 （1）不定式作主语 动词不定式相当于名词的作用，在句中作主语，这时谓语动词用单数。 “To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience,”he said.他说：“遭遇沙尘暴是很可怕的经历。” To succeed calls for hard work.成功需要付出辛勤的劳动。（不定式作主语， 谓语动词用单数。） 高频考点 （1）不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将不定式移至句末。 It’s not easy to find your way around the town.在这个小镇要找到路不容易。 （2）当主语和表语都是不定式时，则不能用it代替。 To choose time is to save time.合理安排时间就是节约时间。