高中英语非谓语动词(共32张PPT)

除了but,except,besides 之外个别介词可以用“连接代词 （副词）+动词不定式”作为宾语。 the boy has his own idea of how to finish it.
为了避免重复，作为宾语的不定式第二次出现的时候往 往省略只留下不定式符号。
动词： want wish hope hate plan try love you can try that again if you want to.
不定式做形容词的用法 (3)作定语（位于他所修饰的词的后面，并 且放在其他后置定语的后面）
动宾关系：
He always has a lot of meetings to attend. To attend 的逻辑宾语the meeting To attend 是定语 不定式做定语的时候，他所修饰的名词和不定式构成动宾 关系或者主谓关系. 1. 名词或者代词+不定式（to+不及物动词+介词） 如果做定语用的不定式是不及物动词，就要在这个不及物 动词后面加上介词，是被修饰的词成为这个介词的逻辑宾 语
他可以带有自己的主语(为了和句子的真正主语区分开来， ： 我们称它为不定式的逻辑主语）
For him to draw such a picture is not easy.(主 语）for him 是不定式的逻辑主语，句子的真正主语是整个不定式短语。
不定式做名词的用法：
动词 不定式是指在动词原形前面带有不定式符号’to”的形式，与介
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• 动词不定式的特点： 他可以有自己的宾语：
He likes to play ping-pang ball. (做宾语） His job is to clean all the windows.(做表语） 他可以有状语来修饰：
The guard ordered me to show him my passport immediately.(宾语补足语）
在动词tell,advise,show,teach,discuss,learn,decide后面常常跟一 个连接代词或者副词的不定式做宾语。 He taught us how to use the tool. When I heard the words I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
It is clever of cindy to leave that country.
(2)作宾语 I want to know her name. You must learn to look after yourself. I have no choice but to wait. We found it difficult to work with him.
目的状语还可以用in order to或so as to来表示。或者放在句 首加强语气。 To serve the people well I study hard. I prepared hard to teach you well.
(6) 作表语 （一般紧跟在系动词后面 be, remain,appear,get)
能接不定式作宾语的常见动词有：like, demand, want, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, agree, seem, hope, intend, prefer, promise, forget, decide, mean, prepare, pretend, continue, wish, start, afford, hate等
I often hear him sing the song．
He is often heard to sing the song·
To be 结构 动词 think , find, believe, know, understand, take 后面，不 定式宾语常用to be 结构 I consider him to be an honest man.
不定式修饰something, anything, nothing 修饰上面三个词的形容词或者不定式短语都放在词 的后面
Something, anything, nothing + 形容词+动词不定式 Do you have anything to read? 不定式做定语的时候用主动语态表示被动的关系： 1. There be 句型 There is a letter to write. There is a letter to be written. 不用 There is nothing to lose. 注意： 如果句子的逻辑主语不是不定式的逻辑主语，就需要用被动 语态
注意3：不定式动词在介词but，except，besides后面时，
如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这 些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。
She could do nothing but cry．
What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go．
注意1: 不定式有时和连接代词（副）词一起构成宾语
• He discovered how to open the safe. • He taught me how to swim. • I don’t know what to say.
注意2：it作形式宾语。 Subject+ 及物动词+ it +宾语补足语 + to+V. I find/feel/think it interesting to work with him． I don’t think it possible to master a forergn language without much memory work.
Im going to the post office, do you have sth to post? Thanks, but I have nothing to be post now.(不是说话人去寄送）
• 当不定式修饰want, have 等动词的宾语，而句子的主语是 不定式的逻辑主语的时候，用主动语态表示被动含义。
I consider him honesty.
Be +to do ; be about to do
Our teacher is about to leave next month.
(5)作状语 表示目的、原因、结果。
I came here to see you．(目的) We were very excited to hear the news．(原因表示感情的形容词后面) He hurried to the school to find nobody there . (结果)
在下列助动词之后 have to ought to need I didn’t want to bother you, but I had to as I forgot the
address.
在be able to, used to 和be going to 后 Mr li planed to come but he wasn’t able to.
It is a pleasure to do sth.
It takes sb some time to do sth.
【注意】 同一句型中不同介词的不同含义
It is + adj + for sb to do sth 表示客观的情况
It is important for cindy to express her opinions. It is + adj + of sb to do sth 表示主观的感情
能用于此用法的动词有：ask, get, expect, wish, want, help, permit, beg, encourage, order, prefer, advise, like, call on, depend on, ask for, wait for等
注意1：在feel，hear，listen to，look at, notice，observe， see，watch，have，1et，make等词后的补足语中，不定 式不带to。但是这些句中如果变成被动结构时，就必须 带to。
词区分开我们叫它小品词，它只是一个符号没有词性，有时候动词
(1)作主语
不定式也可以不带to.
(不定式做主语时候谓语动词用单数）
To see is to believe． 百闻不如一见，眼见为实。
不定式短语带有自己的宾语，状语，或者逻辑主语较长时 用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在谓语之后。
It is right to give up smoking.
He has no money and no place to live.
I think the best way to travel is on foot. 主谓关系：不定式修饰的名词、代词是他得逻辑主语
the factory to produce electricity will be set up next year.
非谓语动词
• 非谓语动词是指那些不能作谓语的动词。
不定式的六种形式
时态 语态
主动语态
一般式
To+动词原形
完成时