英语习语的理解与翻译
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习语短语大全1.get one's act together打起精神,振作起来;合理安排e.g:He needs to get his act together if he's going to pass.要是他想合格,就必须集中精力。
2.not know sb.from Adam不认识某人e.g:Who's that?She greeted me,but I don’t know him from Adam.她是谁?她和我打招呼,不过我根本就不认识她。
3.be in the air将要发生e.g:John and Mary spend so much time together-I can tell that love is in the air.John和Mary总是在一块儿,我感觉他们就快在一起了。
4.vanish into the thin air烟消云散,消失得无影无踪e.g:Those ships just seem to vanish into thin air.那些船只消失得无影无踪。
5.keep sb.at arm’s length避免与某人走得太近e.g:I keep the minister at arm’s length because I don’t want to go to church.我故意和那位牧师保持距离,因为我不想去教堂做礼拜。
6.be up in arms怒气冲冲;竭力反对e.g:The union members are up in arms and will strike for better pay.工会成员们满腔怒火,决定将罢工要求涨薪。
7.give sb.the axe解雇某人e.g:John lost his job last month.Around thirty other employers were also given the axe.John上个月下岗了,近三十个其他员工也没了工作。
常用习语英语翻译1. Miss the boat错失良机They ll miss the boat if they don t hurry.如果他们不快点儿,就会错过机会了。
2.Kill two birds with one stone一箭双雕We always emphasize to kill two birds with one stone when we learn new thing.我们在学习新知识时经常强调一举两得的方法。
3.Add insult to injury雪上加霜Further work by Seiffert s team appears to add insult to injury.塞弗特团队的进一步研究更是雪上加霜。
4.Best of both worlds两全其美Some approaches allow you to get the best of both worlds.有些方法可以帮你取得两全其美的结果。
5.Cat nap打瞌睡I had a cat nap after lunch.午饭后我小憩了一会儿。
6.Bark up the wrong tree攻击错了目标I think the police are barking up the wrong tree.我认为警察弄错了目标。
7.Bed of roses称心如意的生活Without financial security, married life is no bed of roses.没有经济基础作保障,婚后生活不会幸福。
8. A bitter pill不能不做的苦事That s going to be a bitter pill for her to swallow.这对她来说一定很难接受。
9.Bite off more than one can chew心有余而力不足Don t bite off more than you can chew and keep your goal a manageable one.不要制定要求过高的计划,使你的目标可付诸实践。
第十九讲习语翻译Lecture 19 Idioms一、Idioms的定义:广义的idioms包括:1. set phrase短语,2. proverbs谚语,3. sayings俗语, 4. epigrams警句,5. slang俚语,6. colloquialisms 口语,7. quotations名言/语录,8. two-part allegorical sayings寓言9. allusions典故汉语中包括:1. 成语set phrases, 2. 谚语proverbs, 3. 俗语colloquialism, 4. 歇后语allegorical saying二、英语idioms的来源1.From the Bible圣经故事:1) Cast pearls before swine对牛弹琴;白费好意这个成语源自《新约。
马太福音》第7章:“Give not that which is holy unto the dogs,neither cast ye your pearls before swine,lest th ey trample them under their feet,and turn again and rend you”.2)Don’t you see the writing on the wall? 难道你没有看出大难临头了吗?(writing on the wall意为“不详之兆”,典出《旧约全书》)2. From the fables寓言故事:1) Veper and File出自《伊索寓言》,说的是一条蝰蛇(Viper)发现一把铁锉(File),以为是一顿美餐。
但铁锉说,它的天职是咬别人,而不是被别人咬。
后人借此比喻“骗人者反受人骗”,汉译时要作直译或意译处理。
2) kill the goose to get the eggs,源于希腊寓言,说的是曾有一个乡下人,因为发财心切杀死了自己饲养的那只能下金蛋的鹅,以为如此就可一次获得全部想象中的金块,但其结果一无所获。
高中英语翻译中的习语与俚语翻译技巧在高中英语学习中,我们经常会遇到一些习语和俚语,这些表达方式丰富了语言的多样性,但同时也给翻译带来了一定的难度。
在翻译习语和俚语时,我们需要注意一些技巧,以确保翻译的准确性和流畅性。
首先,我们需要了解习语和俚语的含义。
习语和俚语通常是一种特定的表达方式,其意义可能与字面意思相去甚远。
因此,在翻译时,我们不能简单地根据字面意思进行翻译,而是要理解其隐含的含义。
其次,我们需要考虑习语和俚语在不同文化背景下的差异。
同一种语言的习语和俚语在不同地区可能有不同的表达方式。
因此,在翻译时,我们需要根据目标语言的文化背景选择合适的翻译方式,以确保目标读者能够理解。
另外,我们需要注意习语和俚语的语言风格。
习语和俚语通常具有一定的口语化特点,因此在翻译时,我们可以使用一些与口语相近的表达方式,以更好地传达原文的意思。
此外,我们还可以利用上下文来解释习语和俚语的含义。
有时候,习语和俚语的意思可能并不明确,但通过上下文的分析,我们可以推断出其大致的含义。
因此,在翻译时,我们可以根据上下文选择合适的翻译方式。
另一个需要注意的问题是习语和俚语的字面翻译可能会导致误解。
有些习语和俚语在字面意义上可能是荒谬的,但在特定的语境中却能够传达出一定的意义。
因此,在翻译时,我们需要避免过于依赖字面翻译,而是要根据整个句子的意思进行翻译。
此外,我们还可以利用类似的习语和俚语进行翻译。
有时候,我们可能无法找到与原文完全相符的翻译方式,但我们可以选择与之意思相近的习语和俚语进行翻译。
这样做可以在一定程度上保持原文的意思,并且使翻译更加流畅。
最后,我们需要不断学习和积累习语和俚语的知识。
习语和俚语是语言的一部分,它们反映了语言所处的文化背景和社会环境。
因此,我们需要通过阅读和交流来了解和掌握更多的习语和俚语,以便在翻译时更加准确地传达原文的意思。
总之,高中英语翻译中的习语和俚语翻译技巧需要我们理解其含义,考虑文化差异,注意语言风格,利用上下文解释,避免字面翻译误解,使用类似的习语和俚语,并不断学习和积累知识。
英语成语汉译In the seventh heaven 愉快,高兴Knit one's brow 皱眉头Last but not least 最后但不是最不重要的一点Laugh in sb's face 当面嘲笑Lay sth to heart 把某事放在心上Have pity on sb 同情某人Trojan horse 特洛伊木马—比喻暗藏的敌人或危险Tower of ivory 象牙塔—比喻世外桃源Sour grapes 酸葡萄—得不到的东西就说它不好Sphinx's riddle 斯芬克斯之谜—比喻难解之谜As wise as Solomon 像所罗门一样聪明—比喻非常富有智慧The fifth column 第五纵队—比喻间谍A Judas kiss 犹大之吻—比喻背叛行为Crocodile tears 鳄鱼眼泪—比喻假慈悲Wash one's hands of 洗手不干—撒手不管New wine in old bottles 旧瓶装新酒—旧形式不适合新内容In a pig's whisper 低声地;顷刻间Draw blood 伤人感情,惹人生气Hang on sb's sleeve 依赖某人,任某人做主Hang on sb's lips 对某人言听计从Make a monkey of 愚弄To be full of beans 精神旺盛,精力充沛Bend an ear to 聚精会神地听,倾听Get cold feet 开始感到怀疑、胆怯或害怕A skeleton at the feast 扫兴的人或东西Bury one's head in the sand 采取鸵鸟政策Burn the boat 破釜沉舟Castle in the air 空中楼阁A bolt from the blue 晴天霹雳Six of one and half a dozen of the other 半斤八两After one's own heart 正中下怀One's hair stands on end 毛发倒竖Kill two birds with one stone 一箭双雕Show the cloven hoof 露出马脚Hang by a hair 千钧一发Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 杀鸡取卵Have an axe to grind 别有用心Talk through one's hat 胡言乱语To be as poor as Job 家徒四壁Neither fish nor fowl/flesh 不伦不类No respecter of persons 一视同仁Leave no stone unturned 千方百计Hole and corner 偷偷摸摸;鬼鬼祟祟A fly in the ointment 美中不足By the skin of one's teeth 九死一生Call a spade a spade 直言不讳Pull sb's leg 愚弄某人,开某人的玩笑Move heaven and earth 想方设法,千方百计Child's play 简单的东西,容易的事情Eat one's words 承认自己说错了话Dog-eat-dog 残酷争夺,人吃人的关系Reap what one has sown 自作自受;自食其果;自掘坟墓;飞蛾扑火;咎由自取;玩火自焚;惹火烧身;作茧自缚Be on tenterhooks 坐立不安;如坐针毡;局促不安;心乱如麻;心烦意乱;七上八下;六神无主;手足无措Fish in the airCry for the moon Plough the sands Make a wild-goose chaseHold a candle to the sunCatch at shadows Lash the wavesBeat the air 水中捞月挑雪填井扬汤止沸缘木求鱼钻冰求酥以冰致蝇以狸饵鼠隔靴搔痒左右为难进退维谷骑虎难下左支右绌跋前踬后羚羊触藩不上不下进退两难无所适从莫衷一是Between the devil andthe deep seaStick in the mudBetween the horns of adilemmaBetween two firesIn a fixIn a cleft stickAt a nonplusHold a wolf by the earsWith one's back to thewallBetween Scylla andCharybdis汉语成语英译竭泽而渔to drain a pond to catch all the fish / kill the goose that lays the golden eggs打草惊蛇to stir up the grass and alert the snake / wake a sleeping dog易如反掌to be as easy as turning over one's hand / as easy as falling off a log玩火自焚to get burnt by the fire kindled by oneself / fry in one's own grease挥金如土to spend money like dirt / spend money like water掌上明珠a pearl in the palm / the apple of one's eye 对牛弹琴to play the lute to a cow / cast pearls before swine守口如瓶to keep one's mouth closed like a bottle / keep a still tongue in one's head雪中送炭to send charcoal in snowy weather / help a lame dog over a stile画蛇添足to draw a snake and add feet to it / paint the lily声东击西to shout in the east and strike in the west 刻骨铭心to be engraved on one's heart and bones 井底之蛙to be like a frog at the bottom of a well调虎离山to lure the tiger from the mountain口蜜腹剑to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted 劳苦功高to have spent toilsome labour and won distinctive merits屡教不改to fail to mend one's ways after repeated admonition牢不可破to be so strongly built as to be indestructible 攻其不备to strike sb when he is unprepared史无前例to be without precedent in history粗枝大叶to be crude and careless无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness扬眉吐气to feel proud and elate灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious纸醉金迷a life of luxury and dissipation开门见山to come straight to the point单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale海阔天空to talk at random风雨飘摇of a situation being unstable毛遂自荐to volunteer one's service叶公好龙professed love of what one really fears东施效颦crude imitation with ludicrous effect南柯一梦a fond dream or illusory joy四面楚歌to be besieged on all sides锱铢必较to haggle over every penny罄竹难书of crimes too numerous to mention初出茅庐at the beginning of one's career倾国倾城to be exceedingly beautiful悬梁刺股to be extremely hard-working in one's study小题大做make a mountain out of a molehill赴汤蹈火go through fire and water 洗心革面turn over a new leaf七颠八倒at sixes and sevens横行霸道throw one's weight about 大发雷霆blow one's top 过河拆桥kick down the ladder乳臭未干be wet behind the ears格格不入be like square pegs in round holes 魂不附体jump out of one's skin翻译中汉语四字格的使用Extend in all directions 四通八达Talk and laugh cheerfully 谈笑风生;欢声笑语A world of difference 天壤之别;截然不同;天差地别Take a risk in desperation 铤而走险;孤注一掷Disciples and followers 徒子徒孙;门生弟子Decline with all sorts of excuses 推三阻四;百般推辞Await with great anxiety 望穿秋水;望眼欲穿;翘首以待Remarkably true to life 惟妙惟肖;栩栩如生Be shamed into anger 恼羞成怒;老羞成怒Hate to see sb go 恋恋不舍;依依不舍;难舍难分Again and again 屡次三番Try to look happy when actually sad 强颜欢笑As if awakening from a dream 如梦初醒Walk off with sth 顺手牵羊Get instant results 立竿见影Achieve what one wishes 如愿以偿Broad daylight 光天化日Take on an entirely new look 焕然一新Face danger fearlessly 临危不惧翻译中英语成语的使用畅销sell like hot cakes抄近路cut corners出身显贵be born in the purple 出卖某人sell sb down the river 饭桶poor tool 思想敏捷think on one's feet放下架子get off one's high horse / pocket one's dignity放心breath again / breath easily非常紧张with one's heart in one's mouth非常健康as fit as a fiddle / in the pink of condition 雷声大雨点小much cry and little wool穷困潦倒be down and out / down at heels / come down in the world设身处地put oneself in sb's shoes使某人降级kick sb downstairs使某人难堪take the wind out of sb's sails讨厌have no use for体会言外之意read between the lines偷鸡不成蚀把米go for wool and come home shorn 投身于throw oneself into 说大话talk big改变立场shift one's ground / turn one's coat改过自新mend one's way / turn over a new leaf 话中有话with the tongue in the cheek禁止put the lid on拘泥礼节stand on ceremony决定性时刻zero hour埋头读书have one's nose in a book撵走某人send sb packing / show sb the door 就转局势turn the tide弄清楚make head or tail of / to button down谚语的翻译out of sight,out of mind。
中考英语书面表达满分技巧英语习语(English idioms)DAY 001 a bird in the hand is better than two in the bush[翻译]一鸟在手胜于二鸟在林DAY 002 a black sheep[翻译]败家子害群之马DAY 003 a bolt from the blue[翻译]晴天霹雳出人意表DAY 004 a hot potato[翻译]烫手山芋,指处理困难或危险或棘手的事情DAY 005 a left-handed compliment[翻译]假意恭维DAY 006 a penny for your thoughts[翻译]询问他人在琢磨什么DAY 007 a piece of cake[翻译]小菜一碟,那就很容易做到DAY 008 a slap on the wrist[翻译]轻微的惩罚DAY 009 a snowball effect[翻译]滚雪球效应DAY 010 ace up one’s sleeve[翻译]手中握有王牌、解救危机的好办法DAY 011 actions speak louder than words[翻译]行动胜于雄辩DAY 012 add insult to injury[翻译]雪上加霜DAY 013 against the clock[翻译]争分夺秒DAY 014 an arm and a leg[翻译]形容很富有DAY 015 at sea[翻译]不知所措或混乱的状态DAY 016 at the drop of a hat[翻译]立即地毫不犹豫DAY 017 back against the wall [翻译]陷入困境无处可逃DAY 018 back to square one[翻译]重起炉灶DAY 019 back to the drawing board[翻译](失败后)重新开始,从头再来DAY 020 ball is in your court[翻译]掌握发言权,由你决定DAY 021 barking up the wrong tree[翻译]捕风捉影,主要是指把精力花在了不该花的地方,搞错了目标DAY 022 be glad to see the back of[翻译]庆幸终于摆脱(某人或某物)DAY 023 be in a tight corner.[翻译]处于困难的境地DAY 024 bear a grudge[翻译]含怨DAY 025 beat around the bush[翻译]拐弯抹角DAY 026 behind one’s back[翻译]背着某人DAY 027 beside yourself with joy[翻译]特别开心DAY 028 best of both the worlds[翻译]两全其美DAY 029 best thing since sliced bread [翻译]有史以来最好的事情DAY 030 better late than never[翻译]迟做总比不做好DAY 031 bide one's time[翻译]等待时机DAY 032 big cheese[翻译]大人物,要人DAY 033 bite off more than you can chew [翻译]贪多嚼不烂DAY 034 bite the bullet[翻译]硬着头皮做咬紧牙关应付DAY 035 black and blue[翻译]青一块紫一块DAY 036 black out[翻译]晕厥暂时昏迷DAY 037 blessing in disguise[翻译]塞翁失马,焉知非福DAY 038 blow hot and cold[翻译]反复无常DAY 039 blow off steam[翻译]发泄情绪,宣泄不满DAY 040 boil the ocean[翻译]尝试艰难或不可能的任务DAY 041 bounce something off someone [翻译]征求某人的意见DAY 042 break a leg[翻译]祝你好运DAY 043 break fresh/ new ground[翻译]开辟新天地DAY 044 break the bank[翻译]斥巨资倾家荡产DAY 045 burn the midnight oil[翻译]熬夜DAY 046 burn your boats/bridges[翻译]不留后路,下定决心干到底”,破釜沉舟DAY 047 bury the hatchet[翻译]化干戈为玉帛DAY 048 by the skin of your teeth[翻译]侥幸,勉强DAY 049 call a de a de[翻译]直接了当,直言不讳DAY 050 call it aDAY[翻译]到此为止结束DAY 051 caught between two stools[翻译]两边不讨好DAY 052 chip off the old block[翻译](相貌或性格)酷似父亲或母亲的人DAY 053 cross that bridge when you come to it[翻译]船到桥头自然直DAY 054 cry for the moon[翻译]异想天开海底捞月DAY 055 cry over spilled milk[翻译]覆水难收DAY 056 crying wolf[翻译]假意求救DAY 057 curiosity killed the cat[翻译]好奇心往往很危险DAY 058 cut corners[翻译]偷工减料DAY 059 cut no ice[翻译](对某人)没有影响、不起作用,说服不了(某人)DAY 060 cut the mustard[翻译]符合要求(或条件) 达到标准,正常运转IDAY 061 cut to the chase[翻译]抓住核心抓住要害DAY 062 devil’s advocate[翻译]故意唱反调的人DAY 063 do unto others as you would have them do unto you[翻译]己所不欲,勿施于人DAY 064 don’t count your chickens before the eggs have hatched[翻译]不要过早乐观,过早地打如意算盘DAY 065 don’t give up theDAY job[翻译]做好眼下的工作(让某人不要追求不可能成功的事情)DAY 066 don’t judge a book by its cover [翻译]勿以貌取人DAY 067 don’t put all your eggs in one basket[翻译]不要把所有的鸡蛋都放在一个篮子里DAY 068 down for the count[翻译]彻底失败DAY 069 drastic times call for drastic measures[翻译]非常时期采用非常手段DAY 070 draw first blood[翻译]先下手为强DAY 071 easier said than done[翻译]说起来容易做起来难DAY 072 eat like a horse[翻译]狼吞虎咽DAY 073 egg on your face[翻译]困窘不堪DAY 074 eleventh hour[翻译]最后时刻,刚好来得及DAY 075 elvis has left the building[翻译]不用再等了”或者“已经毫无悬念了”DAY 076 every cloud has a silver lining [翻译]天无绝人之路DAY 077 face the music[翻译]承担自己行为的后果接受批评(或惩罚)DAY 078 fair and square[翻译]光明正大地诚实地DAY 079 far cry from[翻译]............大相径庭DAY 080 feel a bit under the weather [翻译]感觉有点不舒服DAY 081 fish out of water[翻译]走出你的舒适区DAY 082 flesh and blood[翻译]血肉之躯DAY 083 forty winks[翻译]打盹,小睡,午睡DAY 084 get in shape[翻译]强健身体DAY 085 get your act together[翻译]有条理地行事合理安排DAY 086 give it a whirl[翻译]试一试DAY 087 give the benefit of doubt[翻译]姑且信(某人说的话)DAY 088 go back to the drawing board [翻译]从头做起DAY 089 go cold turkey[翻译]突然停止DAY 090 go the extra mile [翻译]加倍努力加把劲DAY 091 good things come to those who wait[翻译]苍天不负苦心人DAY 092 has bigger fish to fry[翻译]有更重要的事情要做DAY 093 have the blues[翻译]郁郁不乐DAY 094 have your heart in your mouth [翻译]心都提到嗓子眼了,形容非常紧张DAY 095 hear through the grapevine[翻译]道听途说DAY 096 heart misses (skips) a beat[翻译]脸红心跳,形容非常兴奋或紧张DAY 097 hit the books[翻译]好好读书DAY 098 hit the nail on the head[翻译]一针见血DAY 099 hit the sack/sheets/hay[翻译]去睡觉DAY 100 hook, line and sinker[翻译]以彻底和热情做某事或试图实现某事DAY 101 ignorance is bliss[翻译]难得糊涂DAY 102 in for a penny, in for a pound [翻译]一不做,二不休DAY 103 in the fast lane[翻译]紧张而刺激的生活DAY 104 in the heat of the moment[翻译]盛怒之下,一时激动DAY 105 in the same boat[翻译]同病相怜DAY 106 it is always darkest before the dawn[翻译]黎明前总是最黑的,事情会变得更好DAY 107 it takes two to tango[翻译]一个巴掌拍不响DAY 108 jam on the brakes[翻译]猛地刹车DAY 109 jump on the bandwagon[翻译]站在某人一边一窝蜂做某事DAY 110 jump the gun[翻译]抢先行动过早地行动DAY 111 keep an ear to the ground[翻译]密切注意舆论动向注意人们想的和说的DAY 112 keep something at bay[翻译]控制住,牵制DAY 113 kill the goose that lays the golden eggs[翻译]杀鸡取卵DAY 114 kill two birds with one stone [翻译]一石二鸟DAY 115 last straw[翻译]最后一根稻草DAY 116 left out in the cold[翻译]遭受冷落DAY 117 let sleeping dogs lie[翻译]别惹麻烦别多事DAY 118 let the cat out of the bag[翻译](无意中)泄露秘密说漏嘴DAY 119 light at the end of tunnel[翻译]苦尽甘来、柳暗花明的迹象DAY 120 like a cakewalk[翻译]如此轻松的任务DAY 121 like a cat on hot tin roof[翻译]热锅上的蚂蚁DAY 122 look before you leap[翻译]三思而后行DAY 123 looking to your laurels[翻译]小心翼翼地保持已得的荣誉DAY 124 lose your marbles[翻译]发疯DAY 125 make a long story short[翻译]长话短说DAY 126 make one’s blood boil[翻译]使某人非常生气DAY 127 method in the madness[翻译]装疯卖傻不合常理的方法DAY 128 miss the boat[翻译]错失良机DAY 129 not a rk of decency [翻译]不体面DAY 130 not playing with the full deck [翻译]精神上、心理上或智力上有缺陷的人DAY 131 not the only fish in the sea[翻译]天涯何处无芳草DAY 132 not your cup of tea[翻译]不关你的事DAY 133 notch up[翻译]赢得达到DAY 134 off the cuff[翻译]即兴表演DAY 135 off the record[翻译]不公开DAY 136 old as the hills[翻译]古老的DAY 137 old habits die hard[翻译]旧习难改DAY 138 oldest trick in the book[翻译]最常用来欺骗别人的把戏或方法DAY 139 on cloud nine[翻译]异常兴奋乐不可支DAY 140 on the ball[翻译]敏锐的,机警的DAY 141 once bitten, twice shy[翻译]一朝被蛇咬十年怕井绳DAY 142 once in a blue moon[翻译]千载难逢百年不遇DAY 143 open the floodgates[翻译]一发不可收拾DAY 144 out of the blue[翻译]出乎意料DAY 145 out on a limb[翻译]孤立无助陷入绝境DAY 146 over my dead body[翻译]除非我死了,否则休想”(表示强烈反对) DAY 147 over the top[翻译]夸张的言过其实的DAY 148 palm off[翻译]骗卖DAY 149 pen is mightier than the sword [翻译]笔墨胜过刀剑DAY 150 penny wise and pound foolish [翻译]小事聪明,大事糊涂DAY 151 play by the ear[翻译]即兴发挥DAY 152 play devil’s advocate[翻译]唱反调DAY 153 play your cards right[翻译]办事高明,处理得当DAY 154 pour out one’s heart[翻译]倾诉衷肠DAY 155 push one’s luck[翻译]得寸进尺DAY 156 put something on ice[翻译]推迟,搁置某件事情DAY 157 rain on someone’s parade[翻译]破坏原定的计划DAY 158 raining cats and dogs[翻译]下大雨DAY 159 read between the lines[翻译]字里行间了解事物背后的真实信息DAY 160 reap the harvest[翻译]收获硕果DAY 161 right off the bat[翻译]马上立刻DAY 162 ring a bell[翻译]听起来很熟悉DAY 163 roll up one’s sleeves[翻译]撸起袖子加油干DAY 164 round the bend[翻译]做蠢事DAY 165 run around in circles[翻译]白费功夫DAY 166 scrape the barrel[翻译](因别无选择)将就,凑合”DAY 167 see eye to eye[翻译]意见一致DAY 168 sell like hot cakes[翻译]热销DAY 169 shoot from the hip[翻译]鲁莽行事DAY 170 shoot oneself in the foot [翻译]咎由自取,搬起石头砸自己的脚DAY 171 shot in the dark[翻译]无根据的瞎猜DAY 172 sink your teeth into[翻译]全神贯注,决心解决DAY 173 skating on thin ice[翻译]如履薄冰DAY 174 snug as a bug in a rug[翻译]非常舒适DAY 175 stab someone in the back[翻译]暗箭伤人DAY 176 stand in a good stead[翻译]对某人很有用DAY 177 step up your game[翻译]开始表现更好DAY 178 straight from the horse’s mouth[翻译]绝对可靠DAY 179 strike while the iron is hot [翻译]趁热打铁DAY 180 swan song[翻译]绝唱DAY 181 take a back seat[翻译]退居次要位置DAY 182 take a nosedive[翻译]急转直下DAY 183 take a rain check[翻译]推迟计划DAY 184 take it with a grain of salt [翻译]半信半疑DAY 185 take the plunge[翻译]决心行动DAY 186 taste of one’s own medicine [翻译]自食其果DAY 187 the best thing since sliced bread[翻译]最好的东西DAY 188 the pot calling the kettle black [翻译]五十步笑百步DAY 189 the whole nine yards[翻译]一切全部DAY 190 think the world of[翻译]非常喜欢DAY 191 through thick and thin[翻译]风雨同舟DAY 192 throw caution to the wind[翻译]不顾一切地做某事DAY 193 tight spot[翻译]千钧一发DAY 194 to be in the doldrums[翻译]了无生气,无精打采DAY 195 to bell the cat[翻译]老虎头上捉虱子DAY 196 to have sticky fingers[翻译]贼DAY 197 to not see the wood for the trees[翻译]只见树木不见森林DAY 198 tongue in cheek[翻译]口是心非DAY 199 turn a blind eye[翻译]视而不见DAY 200 turn a deaf ear[翻译]充耳不闻DAY 201 twist someone’s arm[翻译]指给某人施加压力,迫使他做你要他做的事DAY 202 up a creek without a paddle[翻译]处于困境DAY 203 up for grabs[翻译]可能得到的DAY 204 up in arms[翻译]愤怒竭力反对DAY 205 walk on eggshells[翻译]小心翼翼DAY 206 want someone’s head on a platter[翻译]想严惩某人DAY 207 watch (someone) like a hawk[翻译]密切监视某人盯着某人DAY 208 water under the bridge[翻译]不可改变的既成事实DAY 209 wave a dead chicken[翻译]做一些无用、无用的事情,希望它能解决问题DAY 210 weak in the knees[翻译]因情绪、恐惧或疾病而几乎无法站立DAY 211 wear many hats[翻译]身兼数职DAY 212 wear your heart on your sleeve [翻译]感情外露DAY 213 weather the storm[翻译]成功度过一段艰难的时期DAY 214 wet behind the ears[翻译]乳臭未干的DAY 215 whale of a time[翻译]享受很多DAY 216 whistle in the dark[翻译]假装沉着给自已壮胆DAY 217 why keep a dog and bark for yourself[翻译]既然花钱雇人,为何还亲自动手DAY 218 wide off the mark[翻译]远离目标DAY 219 wild goose chase[翻译](根据错误信息进行的)徒劳寻找,徒劳之举DAY 220 wipe the slate clean[翻译]一笔勾销既往不咎DAY 221 wolf in sheep’s clothing[翻译]披着羊皮的狼DAY 222 work your fingers to the bone [翻译]拼命工作DAY 223 worm’s eye view[翻译]最下层的看法DAY 224 worth one’s salt[翻译]称职DAY 225 wrap one’s brain around[翻译]绞尽脑汁DAY 226 you can say that again[翻译]这是绝对正确的DAY 227 your guess is as good as mine [翻译]我跟你一样也不知道DAY 228 zero in on something[翻译]专注于某事。
英语习语的理解与翻译•在语言的发展过程中,人们进过长期的社会实践提炼出一些固定的短语或短句,这就是习语(idiom),也是语言的精华,是人们智慧的结晶。
这里所涉及的习语从广义上讲,包括俗语colloquialism),谚语proverb,俚语(slang expression)等。
•特点:习语大多短小精悍、言简意赅、生动形象、通俗易懂,是广大人民所喜闻乐见的一种形象化的语言,不仅具有浓郁的民族和地方色彩,还集中体现了语言中的各种修辞手法。
•通常采用的四种翻译方法:直译法、直译加注法、套译法和意译法。
•一、直译法•直译法就是在不违背汉语语言规范的前提下,尽可能地将英语习语的民族特点和地方色彩忠实地、形象地体现出来。
采用直译的习语多半是英语和汉语在习语的比喻和形象方面基本相同的部分,或者直译后语言一目了然,不至于产生误解的。
•To add flowers on the brocade•To add fuel to the fuel•To be mindful of personal gains and losses•To be on thin ice•To be wild with joy•Beyond cure•To blow one’s own horn•To call white black• A castle in the air•As easy as turning over one’s hand•To fish in troubled waters•To give up halfway•To go all out•To go through fire and water•Heart and soul•In broad daylight•To kill two birds with one stone•Misfortunes never come slightly.•To play the lute to a cow•Smooth tongue• A stony heart•Strike while the iron is hot.•To turn a blind eye to•To turn a deaf ear to•Walls have ears.•二、直译加注法•有些习语还含有比喻意义、象征意义或是历史典故等,在翻译的时候一般要在其后加注进行解释。
但随着人民教育程度的不断提高,有些习语已经为人们所熟悉。
•Crocodile tears•Eden•The fifth column•Forbidden fruit•Hellfire• A Judas kiss•Olive branch•Pandora’s box• A Sphinx’s riddle•Solomon•Sour grapes•Stick and carrot•The sword of Damocles•The tower of ivory•The Trojan horse•Watergate•Waterloo•Wolf in sheep’s clothing•三、套译法•所谓套译法,是指有些习语在比喻意义上同汉语习语基本相似,但在形象或比喻手法上略有不同,这时我们可以套用汉语中相似的习语来翻译英语习语。
•To be dead drunk• A bolt from the blue• A drop in the ocean•At sixes and sevens•To burn the boat•To catch at shadows•Every Jack has his Jill•By fair means or foul•To fish in the air•To fly into a rage•To hang by a hair•To kill the goose that lays the golden eggs•To laugh off one’s head•Look before you leap.•To loot a burning house•Love me ,love my dog.•Man proposes, God disposes.•One’s ability falling short of one’s wish•To rob Peter to pay Paul•To show one’s colors•Six of one and half a dozen of the other•To sleep with one’s weapon as pillow•To spend money like water•四、意译法•在有些情况下,习语既不可能也不必要用直译法保留英语习语的表达形式,在汉语中也找不到相应的习语可供借鉴,这时候就使用意译法,结合上下文把英语习语的寓意体现出来。
•1). Among so many well-dressed and cultured people, the country girl felt like a fish out of water.•同这么多穿着体面而又有教养的人在一起,这位乡下姑娘感到很不自在。
•2). All right, I blame myself. But it’s the last time. We were cat-paws. That’s all.•得了,怪我自己瞎了眼。
可是我再也不干了。
我们上了人家的当,没别的。
•3). To break the ice, Ted spoke of his interest in mountain climbing, and they soon had a conversation going.•为了打破沉默,泰德说自己对爬山有兴趣,这样他们很快就交谈起来了。
•4). The teenagers don’t invite Bob to their parties because he is a wet blanket.•青少年不邀请鲍勃参加他们的聚会是因为他是一个令人扫兴的人。
•5) She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth; she thinks she can do what she likes. •她生长在富贵之家,认为凡事都可以随心所欲。
•6). But the die was cast, he could not go back.•但事已至此,不容反悔。
•又如:•in good fight•draw blood•hang on somebody’s sleeve•to rain cats and dogs•hit the nail on the head• a fly on the wheel•rule of thumb•to pull the wool over one’s eyes•to miss the boat•in a pig’s eyes•to the tune of• a tall order•out of sorts•to be full of beans•bend an ear to•get cold feet• a skeleton at the feast•bury one’s head in the sand•to do somebody brown•to show the white feather•in a pig’s whisper•to play one’s cards well•white elephant• a soldier of fortune•have a bee in one’s bonnet•to have other fish to fry•to hold water•to spill the beans•to work hand in glove with•五、值得注意的问题• 1.英语习语的译文并不是唯一的。
•如:reap what one has sown•be on tenterhooks• 2. 英汉两种语言的习语中有许多都带有浓厚的民族色彩,或者包含某些人名和地名。
这些习语在英汉两种语言中是不能互相替换的。
•Two heads are better than one.•To carry coals to Newcastle.• 3. 英语习语的翻译切不可望文生义。
•Pull one’s leg•Move heaven and earth•Child’s play•Eat one’s words•Dog-eat-dog•To go home•To wash one’s hands• 4. 准确理解英语习语,弄清褒贬之分。
•It’s an ill wind that blows nobody good.•Birds of a feather flock together.•To be hand and glove with.•Exercises:• 1. be a bad egg• 2. be a piece of cake• 3. be full of beans• 4. be in apple-pie order• 5. Butter would not melt in her mouth.• 6. One man’s meat is another man’s poison.•7. the carrot and the stick•8. to bring home the bacon•9. to butter some up•10. to cry over split milk•11. to have a bone to pick with someone.•12. to have a finger in the pie•13. to have one’s cake and eat it, too.•14. to know which side one’s bread is buttered•15. to put all one’s eggs in one basket•16. to sell like hot cakes•17. to stew in one’s own juice•18. to take the bread out of one’s mouth•19. to teach one’s grandmother to suck eggs•20. Too many cooks spoil the broth.•21. The houses stored with food are full of mice, the bodies of gluttons are full of diseases.•22. The mountain has brought forth a mouse.•23. There is neither man nor mouse.•24. Though the enemy seems a mouse, yet watch him like a lion. •25. Burn not your house to rid it of the mouse.•26.By diligence and patience the mouse bit in two the cable. •27. It’s a poor mouse that has only one hole.•28. A blate cat makes a proud mouse.•29. A lion at home, a mouse abroad.•30. When the cat’s away, the mice will play.。