下载文档原格式
/ Battery Charging Systems / Welding Technology/ Solar Electronics MANUAL WELDING/ Product GuideF ro n iu s W e ld in g T e ch n o lo g yN o w A v a il a b le f ro mF ro n iu s U K, M il to n K e y n e sMIG/MAG TIG MMA PlasmaProtective EquipmentContents****************************************MIG/MAGThe TransSteel 3500/5000 and nowthe 3500 compact version embodyan intelligent industrial design,service life. This digitally controlledMIG/MAG welding system comeswith Steel Transfer Technology togive you optimum steel weldingThe TransSteel is a rugged and reliable partner that stands outfor its intelligent appliance design and ease of operation.Digitally controlled and primed with the expert knowledgepackage, “Steel Transfer Technology,” specifically put togetherfor the steel market, the TransSteel ensures the very greatestTransSteel 3500 TransSteel 50005TransSynergic 4000 /4000 C / 5000 / 5000 CM I G /M A GProcessesMIG/MAG welding Electrode weldingThe Compact version of the TransSteel 3500 comes fitted out with all the details that make life easier for structural steel fabricators. As a space-saving yet powerful version of the TransSteel series, the Compact model is of particular interest to workshop operations. Its integrated wirefeeder is another feature making the TransSteel 3500 Compact a good-value option for operations with more limited resources.The fully digitised and microprocessor-controlled MIG/MAG power source for short circuit arcs and spray arcs enables the best weld properties in every respect, and reproducible results time and time again.4000 MV 5000 MW 5000ProcessesMIG/MAG welding, Mig-brazing, TIG-DC (C-version),Manual electrode (MMA) welding (C-version),Arc air gouging (TS 5000 C)Recommended Base MaterialsConstructional steels, Coated constructional steels, Ferritic / austenitic CrNi steels, Duplex-steels, Nickel-based materials, Aluminium materials6TPS 2700 / 2700 TIG / 2700 Duo / 2700 Duo TIGThe TransPuls Synergic 2700 for short circuit, spray and pulsedarcs is a fully digitised and microprocessor-controlled MIG/MAG power source with an output of 270 A. The power sourcegives the best weld properties in every respect, andreproducible results time and time again. The integral wire-feedunit guarantees portable use on construction sites, inworkshops and for maintenance and repair activities.Recommended Base MaterialsConstructional steels, Coated constructional steelsFerritic / austenitic CrNi steels, Duplex-steels, Nickel-basedmaterials, Aluminium materials, Special materialsProcessesMIG/MAG welding, MIG/MAG impulsed arc welding, MIGbrazing, TIG-DC, Manual electrode (MMA) welding7TPS 3200 / 4000 / 5000Pulse welding with up to 500 A, highest precision, exact reproducibility and best weld properties, anytime, anywhere. The multiprocess powersource is suitable for MIG/MAG, TIG and electrode welding, as well as manual or robotic applications.Recommended base materialsConstructional steels, Coated constructional steels, Ferritic / austenitic CrNi steels, Duplex-steels, Nickel-based materials, Aluminium materials, Special materials, Copper materials (TPS 5000), Magnesium materials (TPS 5000)ProcessesMIG welding, MIG pulsed arc welding, MIG brazing, TIG-DC, Manual electrode welding, Arc air gouging (TPS 5000)M I G /M A G899% Less Spatter | Ultra High Precision ProcessCMT stands for Cold Metal Transfer. The wire movement isincorporated into the process control, where heat is inserted only very briefly. Metal transfer takes place with barely any flow of current. The result is spatter-free MIG/MAG welding and brazing of thin sheets (0.3 mm or thicker), MIG brazing of galvanised sheets and the joining of steel and aluminium.Recommended base materialsConstructional steels, Coated constructional steels, CrNi steels, Nickel-based materials, Aluminium materials, Special materials, Magnesium materials, Copper materialsProcessesCMT brazing, CMT welding, MIG welding, MIG pulsed arc weldingTIME 5000 DIGITALM GU p t d e p o s i t i o n r a t e so n s t e e l s .P a t e n t e d F r o n i u sT e c h n o l o g y9Wire feed units for VR4000 / VR5000 / VR7000VR 4000-22/-30VR 7000-22/-11/-30VR 5000TPS Steel/ The TPS Steel comes with special characteristics for the steel user segment that can be adjusted quickly and easily via the control panel. This fully digitised welding system makes for superlative welding properties, in every respect, and for results that are replicable any number of times. In either standard or pulsed-arc welding, the TPS Steel is a dependable partner in both manual and automated applications.Dimensions (HxWxLmm)WeightMains Frequency Mains Fuse Protection Class Open-circuit Voltage Mains Voltage (+/-10%)Operating VoltageWelding Current / Duty Cycle (10min/40C)Min-max. Welding currentTPS 3200475x290x625320A 365A / 60% 400A / 50%10M I G /M A G A c c e s s o r i e sRemote control units for digital machinesTR 1000TR 1100TR 1200TR 1300TR 1600TR 2000TR 2100TR 2200 F11M I G /M A G A c c e s s o r i e sRemote control units continuedTR 2200-FM TR 3000TR 4000 CTR 4000 RCU 4000RCU 5000i12M I G /M A G A C C E S S O R I ES M I G /M A G A c c e s s o r i e s Cooling Units MIG/MAGFK 3000RFK 4000 FK 4000 R FK 4000 R FC FK 4000 ROBFK 5000FK 6000FK 9000 RThere are many options available for this product. Please call one of our sales representatives for more details on 01908 512 300.13AL2300 / 3000 / 4000 / 5000 Standard, Up/Down, JobMasterM I G /M A G T o r c h e sContact tube, CuCrZr alloy Coaxial cableRubber anti-kink feature at machine and torch endStandard Equipment - Jobmaster onlyIntegrated remote control Frequency parameter recall Parameter correction modeRecall function for operating points and jobs Digital parameter display14AW2500 / 4000 / 5000 / 7000 Standard, Up/Down, JobMasterProcessesMIG/MAG weldingMIG/MAG pulsed arc welding MIG brazingRecommended base materialsConstructional steelsCoated constructional steels Ferritic / ausenitic CrNi steels Duplex steelsNickel based materials Aluminium materials Magnesium materials Copper materialsMultilock-SystemStandard EquipmentTorch body:Spatter protection with high thermal stability Forced contacting arrangement for welding wire Torch neck rotates through 360°Hose pack:Steel inner liner for steel wire Swivel mounted protective hoseCoaxial cable at gas cooled welding torchRubber anti-kink feature at machine and torch endM I G /M A G T o r c h e s15ProcessesMIG/MAG weldingMIG/MAG pulsed arc welding with water-cooled torchesMIG brazingRecommended base materialsConstructional steelsCoated constructional steels Ferritic / austenitic CrNi steels Duplex-steelNickel-based materials Aluminium materials Magnesium materialsCopper materialsTime / Time Multilock / AW5000 Time /AW7000 TimeProcessesMIG/MAG welding, MIG/MAG pulsed arc welding,MIG/MAG high performance welding, MIG brazingRecommended base materialsConstructional steelsCoated constructional steels Ferritic / austenitic CrNi steels Duplex-steelsNickel-based materials Aluminium materialsM I G /M A G T o r c h e sPullMig CMT hose packPullMig hose packs / PullMig JobMaster hose packsProcessesCMT brazing, CMT welding, CMT pulsed arc welding, MIG/MAG welding, MIG brazingRecommended base materialsConstructional steels, Coated constructional steels,Ferritic / austenitic CrNi steels,Duplex-steels, Nickel-based materials,Aluminium materials, Special materials,Magnesium materials, Copper materialsProcessesMIG/MAG welding, MIG/MAG pulsed arc welding with water cooled torches, MIG brazingRecommended base materialsConstructional steels, Coated constructional steels,Ferritic / austenitic CrNi steels, Duplex-steels,Nickel-based materials Aluminium materials Magnesium materials Copper materialsM I G /M A G T o r c h e s16MTG3500 S / MTG5000 S / MTG5300 S Standard, Up/Down(manual welding torch for TransSteel)ProcessesMIG/MAG weldingRecommended base materialsSteelMTW3500 S / MTW5000 S Standard, Up/Down(manual welding torch for TransSteel)ProcessesMIG/MAG weldingRecommended base materialsSteelM I G /M A G T o r c h e s17ProcessesTIG - DCManual electrode (MMA) weldingRecommended base materialsConstructional steelsFerritic / austenitic CrNi steels Duplex-steelsNickel-based materials Special materials Copper materialsG/F16A IP2393V 230V19TransTig 2500 / 3000 / 2500 Job / 3000 Job 2500 Comfort / 3000 ComfortProcessesTIG - DCManual eletrode (MMA) weldingRecommended base materialsConstructional steels, Ferritic / austenitic CrNi steels Duplex-steels, Nickel-based materials Special materials, Copper materialsMains Fuse Protection ClassMains Voltage (+/-10%)Operating VoltageWeighing just 24kg, the TransTig 2500 and 3000 are the lightest Tig power sources with a 3-phase power supply. They are extremely easy to use, very intuitive in their operation, very robust, powerful and completely digitised.ProcessesTIG - DCManual eletrode (MMA) weldingRecommended base materialsConstructional steels, Ferritic / austenitic CrNi steels Duplex steels, Nickel based materials Special materials, Magnesium materials Copper materialsDimensions (HxWxLmm)WeightMains Frequency Mains FuseOpen Circuit Voltage Mains Voltage (+/-10%)Operating VoltageWelding Current / Duty Cycle (10min/40C)TransTig 2500 G/F 435x250x56024.2 kg 50 - 60Hz16A 85V 3 x 400V 10.1 - 20V 210A / 100%240A / 60%250A / 50%TransTig 3000Job G/F435x250x56024.2 kg 50-60Hz16A 81V 3 x 400V 10.1 - 20V 240A / 100%300A / 50%300A / 45%T I GTransTig 4000 / 5000 / 4000 Job / 5000 JobThese power sources can be used in many different fields: chemical, container,machine and plant construction, pipeline construction, automotive andtracked vehicle manufacturing, the aerospace industry and shipbuilding aswell as by all types of installation, maintenance and repair companies.Manual eletrode (MMA)TransTig TransTig 50002021MagicWave 2500 / 3000 / 2500 Job / 3000 Job 2500 Comfort / 3000 ComfortRecommended base materialsConstructional steelsFerritic / austenitic CrNi steels Duplex-steelsNickel-based materials Special materials Copper materialsProcessesTIG - DCManual eletrode (MMA) welding TIG - AC/DCDimensions (HxWxLmm)WeightMains Frequency Mains Fuse Protection Class Open-circuit Voltage Mains Voltage (+/-10%)Operating VoltageWelding Current / Duty Cycle (10min/40C)Min-max. Welding currentstable arc.Dimensions (HxWxLmm)WeightMains Frequency Mains Fuse Protection Class Open-circuit Voltage Mains Voltage (+/-10%)Operating VoltageWelding Current / Duty Cycle (10min/40C)Constructional steelsDuplex-steelsNickel-based materialsMagnesium materials Copper materials Special materialsProcessesTIG - DC TIG - AC/DCManual electrode (MMA) welding2258.2 kg IP2390VStandard equipment23TTW2500A-24FK 2200 FK 2500 / FC FK 4000 R FK 9000 RFK 2500 MV FCa higher degree of utilisation and reproducibility of your production equipment in combinationwith welding (plasma, high temp. welding).2526Remote Control Units For TIG DC / TIG AC/DC inverter power sourcesTR 1000TR 1100TR 1300TR 1600TR 2000TR 2200 FT I G A c c e s s o r i e s27TR 2200 FM TR 52 MCTR 1200TR 3000TR 4000RCU 2000Remote Control Units continuedT I G A c c e s s o r i e sColdwireKD 7000KD 1500seirosseccAGIT2829TransPocket 1500 / 1500 RC / 1500 TIGA common welding method for rust-, acid- and heatproof steel Manual Metal ArcAlso available: Transpocket 1500 / 1500 RC / 1500 TIG Set including earth cable 16mm manual electrode, hand shield, slag hammer/wire brush and welding gloves with case (set differs slightly for each product).TransPocket 2500 MVm320x180x43013.5 kg 50 - 60Hz 16A / 20AIP2388V3 x 380 - 460V /3 x 200 - 240V 175A / 100%200A / 60%250A / 35%15A - 250ATransPocket 3500390x190x49020 kg 50 - 60Hz25A IP2389V3 x 380 - 460V 230A / 100%280A / 60%350A / 35%10A - 350ATransPocket 3500 MVm390x190x49021 kg 50 - 60Hz 25A / 40AIP2389V3 x 380 - 460V / 3 x 200 - 240V 230A / 100%280A / 60%350A / 35%10A - 350AFR1-1FR3-1TP08TP09TR1000TR1100TR1200TR1300Transpocket 4000 Cel / 5000 CelTR1500TR1500-F TR1600TR2200-F TR2200-FM TR3000TR4000 TransPocket 4000 MV Cel475x290x62540 kg 50 - 60Hz 63A / 35AIP2395V3 x 200 - 240V / 3 x 380 - 460V 320A / 100%320A / 60% TransPocket 5000 Cel475x290x62537 kg 50 - 60Hz35A IP2395V 3 x 400V 360A / 100%415A / 60% TransPocket 5000 MV Cel475x290x62540.5 kg 50 - 60Hz 63A / 35AIP2395V3 x 200 - 240V / 3 x380 - 460V 340A / 100%415A / 60%TR200032Remote Control Units ContinuedM M A A c c e s s o r i e sPLASMA WELDING In plasma welding, the arc is constricted by a cooled gas nozzle. The powerfully bunched1 kg3435P r o t e c t io n E q u i p m e n tWelding Protection EquipmentVizor 3000Welding GlovesFronius offer a wide range of protectionequipment, protective clothing and safety boots. Call us on 01908 512 300 or for a full listing visit SOLAR ELECTRONICS/ The greatest challenge of our time is to make the leap to a regenerative energy supply. Our vision is to use renewable energy to achieve energy independence. With our mains-connected inverters and products for monitoring photovoltaic systems, we are now one of the leading suppliers in solar electronics.WELDING TECHNOLOGY/ We develop welding technologies, such as entire systems for arc and re-sistance spot welding, and have set ourselves the task of making impossi-ble weld joints possible. Our aim is to decode the »arc welding’s DNA«. We are the technology leader worldwide and the market leader in Europe.BATTERY CHARGING SYSTEMS/ We started a technological revolu-tion with Active Inverter Technology and are now one of the leading suppli-ers in Europe. We are driven by the aim of providing intelligent energy management systems that ensure mo-bility stays as economically viable as possible in the twenty-first century.Further information about all Fronius products and our global sales partners and representatives can be found at v 02 2012 E NWE HAVE THREE DIVISIONS AND ONE PASSION: SHIFTING THE LIMITS./ What Günter Fronius started in 1945 in Pettenbach, Austria, has now become a modern day success story. Today, the company has around 3,000 employees worldwide and owns more than 850 active patents. Since the very beginning, our goal has not changed: to be the technology and quality leader. We shift the limits of what’s possible. While others progress step by step, we innovate in leaps and bounds. **********************。
焊接名词中英⽂对照，看懂外国图纸分分钟搞定当前浏览器不⽀持播放⾳乐或语⾳，请在微信或其他浏览器中播放⼭沟沟⾦志⽂ - 中国好声⾳第⼀季第13期弧光闪耀⼈⽣，⽕花飞出精彩！焊接路上家园伴你同⾏！焊⼯：你⽼婆喊你回家吃饭！Mechanical tests ⼒学性能试验Tension tests 拉伸试验Tensile specimen 拉伸试样Bend tests 弯曲试验Face bend ⾯弯Root bend 背弯Side bend 側弯Notch toughness tests 缺⼝韧性试验Hammer tests 錘击试验Peening 錘击Torque tests 扭曲试验Carbon steels 碳钢Alloy steels 合⾦钢Stainless steels 不锈钢Welding process 焊接⽅法Gas tungsten –arc welding(GTAW)(TIG) 钨极⽓体保护焊Shielded metal –arc welding (SMAW) ⼿⼯电弧焊Submerged – arc welding (SAW) 埋弧焊Plug weld 塞焊Surfacing weld 堆焊Weld metal overlay 堆焊层Stud welding 螺柱焊Metal –arc welding(GMAW)(MIG) 熔化极⽓体保护焊Plasma – arc welding (PAW) 等离⼦弧焊Electroslag welding (ESW) 电渣焊Electron beam welding (EBW) 电⼦束焊Friction welding (FRC) 摩擦焊Induction welding (IW) 感应焊Laser beam welding (LBW) 激光焊Resistance welding (RW) 电阻焊Resistance spot welding (RSW) 电阻点焊Oxyfuel gas welding (OFW) 氧—燃料⽓焊Oxyfuel gas cutting (OFC) 氧—燃料⽓割Backhand welding 右焊法Forehand welding 左焊法Post weld heat treatment(PWHT)焊后热处理Postheating 后热Preheating 预热Interpass temperature 层间温度Sorbite 索⽒体Bainite 贝⽒体Anneal (annealing) 退⽕ (缓冷)Temper(drawing) 回⽕Reduction 还原Cooling 冷却Temper brittleness 回⽕脆性Low –temperature brittleness 冷脆性Hardening 淬⽕Modified treatment 调质处理Crystal lattice 晶格Crystal nucleus 晶核Crystal (grain) 晶粒Grain boundary 晶界Crystallize 结晶Recrystal 重结晶Brazing 钎接Brazing filler metal 钎料Specimens 试样Sectioning test 切⽚试验Trimming 清理焊缝Cast iron 铸铁Nodular iron 球墨铸铁Pig iron ⽣铁Wrought iron 熟铁Moulded steel 铸钢Impact toughness 冲击韧性Austempering 等温淬⽕Fracture 断⼝Fracture surface 折断⾯Positions of welds 焊接位置Pipe 管⼦Fixed horizontal (5G) ⽔平固定Fixed vertical (2G) 垂直固定Fixed pipe on 45°(6G) 45度固定Plate 板材Flat (F)(1G) 平焊Horizontal (H)(2G) 横焊Vertical(V)（3G）⽴焊Overhead (O)(4G) 仰焊Butt joint 对接接头Tee joint 丁字接头Lap joint 搭接接头Corner joint ⾓接接头Joint design 接头型式Square groove Ⅰ型坡⼝Single –vee groove V型坡⼝Single –U groove U型坡⼝Double –U groove 双⾯U型坡⼝Double –vee groove X型坡⼝Single bevel groove 单V型坡⼝Double bevel groove K型坡⼝Single –J groove J型坡⼝Double –J groove 双⾯J型坡⼝Defect of welds 焊接缺陷Porosity ⽓孔Density porosity 密集⽓孔Density slag 密集夹渣Slag 夹渣Inclusion 夹杂Crack 裂纹Chill crack 冷裂纹Hot crack 热裂纹Intercrystalline crack 晶间裂纹Undercut 咬边Lack of penetration 未焊透Lack of fusion 未熔合Excessive penetration 焊瘤Root concavity 凹陷Visual inspection (VT) 外观检查Macro(macrography)examination宏观检查Metallographic examination ⾦相检查Penetration test (PT) （着⾊）渗透检查Ultrasonic test (UT) 超声波检查Radiographic test (RT) 射线检查Magnaflux test (MT) 磁粉检查Spectral analysis 光谱分析Etching 浸蚀Weld metal 焊缝⾦属Welding seam 焊缝Weld bead 焊道Fillet weld ⾓焊缝Fusion line 熔合线Base metal 母材Heat affected zone 熱影响区Flux (熔剂)焊剂Heat input 线能量Globular transfer 熔滴过渡Reinforcement of weld 焊缝余⾼Thickness 厚度Backing 衬垫Back gouging 背⾯清根Travel speed 焊速Multi layer 多层Single layer 单层Direct current electrode negative 正接法Direct current electrode positive 反接法Procedure qualification records (PQR)⼯艺评定记录Procedure qualification ⼯艺评定Welding variables procedure specification (WPS)焊接⼯艺规程Electrode 电焊条wire 焊丝weldment (焊接结构)焊件Welding torch 焊枪Splash 飞溅Convex root 根部凸出Common low-alloy steel 普低钢Acetylene ⼄炔Filler metal 填充⾦属Offset（偏移）错⼝Lag ⽑刺Bake 烘烤Deformed 变形Mend 挖补Oxidize 氧化Overburnt 过烧。
Safety（安全）:All persons brazing must wear Safety Glasses tinted to #3 Green – NO Exceptions 所有焊接人员都必须戴上# 3绿色防护眼镜–没有例外。
Joint Fit（接头配合）:Manual swage depth will follow the listed parameters for secondary tube insertion.手工弯管深度参照下列第二根管的插入参数。
1.1/4”tube（管） 5/16” deep swage（深弯管）2.3/8” tube 3/8” deep swage3.1/2” tube 1/2” deep swage4.5/8” tube 3/4” deep swage5.3/4” tube 3/4” deep swage6.7/8” tube 15/16” deep swage7. 1” tube 15/16” deep swageCorrect brazing rod and flux selection:正确的焊接棒和流量的选择：Copper to Copper （铜/铜）6% P N 334479Copper to Brass（铜/黄铜）6% PN 334479Copper to Copper（铜/铜）6%HP PN 0440219 Low Temp Application低温应用Copper to Cupronickel（铜/白铜）6%HP PN 0440219 Low Temp Application Cupronickel to Cupronickel（白铜/白铜）6%HP PN 0440219 Low Temp ApplicationCupronickel to Cupronickel （白铜/白铜）15% PN 334480Cupronickel to Copper（白铜/铜）15% PN 334480Stainless Steel (SST) to SST（不锈钢/不锈钢）56% PN 0440154 Stainless Steel (SST) to Copper（不锈钢/不锈钢）56% PN 0440154Paste Flux shall be used on all braze joints EXCEPT Copper to Copper焊膏应用于除铜铜以外的所有焊接接头Applying Flux to Braze Joint铜焊的用量Paste flux will be applied in a light or sparingly manner. Over fluxing can cause unit failure. 焊膏用量要少或谨慎使用。
AW——ARC WELDING——电弧焊AHW——atomic hydrogen welding——原子氢焊BMAW——bare metal arc welding——无保护金属丝电弧焊CAW——carbon arc welding——碳弧焊CAW-G——gas carbon arc welding——气保护碳弧焊CAW-S——shielded carbon arc welding——有保护碳弧焊CAW-T——twin carbon arc welding——双碳极间电弧焊EGW——electrogas welding——气电立焊FCAW——flux cored arc welding——药芯焊丝电弧焊FCW-G——gas-shielded flux cored arc welding——气保护药芯焊丝电弧焊FCW-S——self-shielded flux cored arc welding——自保护药芯焊丝电弧焊GMAW——gas metal arc welding——熔化极气体保护电弧焊GMAW-P——pulsed arc——熔化极气体保护脉冲电弧焊GMAW-S——short circuiting arc——熔化极气体保护短路过度电弧焊GTAW——gas tungsten arc welding——钨极气体保护电弧焊GTAW-P——pulsed arc——钨极气体保护脉冲电弧焊MIAW——magnetically impelled arc welding——磁推力电弧焊PAW——plasma arc welding——等离子弧焊SMAW——shielded metal arc welding——焊条电弧焊SW——stud arc welding——螺栓电弧焊SAW——submerged arc welding——埋弧焊SAW-S——series——横列双丝埋弧焊RW——RWSISTANCE WELDING——电阻焊FW——flash welding——闪光焊RW-PC——pressure controlled resistance welding——压力控制电阻焊PW——projection welding——凸焊RSEW——resistance seam welding——电阻缝焊RSEW-HF——high-frequency seam welding——高频电阻缝焊RSEW-I——induction seam welding——感应电阻缝焊RSEW-MS——mash seam welding——压平缝焊RSW——resistance spot welding——点焊UW——upset welding——电阻对焊UW-HF——high-frequency ——高频电阻对焊UW-I——induction——感应电阻对焊SSW——SOLID STATE WELDING——固态焊CEW——co-extrusion welding——双金属挤压焊CW——cold welding——冷压焊DFW——diffusion welding——扩散焊HIPW——hot isostatic pressure diffusion welding——热等静压扩散焊EXW——explosion welding——爆炸焊FOW——forge welding——锻焊FRW——friction welding——摩擦焊FRW-DD——direct drive friction welding——径向摩擦焊FSW——friction stir welding——搅拌摩擦焊FRW-I——inertia friction welding——惯性摩擦焊HPW——hot pressure welding——热压焊ROW——roll welding——热轧焊USW——ultrasonic welding——超声波焊S——SOLDERING——软钎焊DS——dip soldering——浸沾钎焊FS——furnace soldering——炉中钎焊IS——induction soldering——感应钎焊IRS——infrared soldering——红外钎焊INS——iron soldering——烙铁钎焊RS——resistance soldering——电阻钎焊TS——torch soldering——火焰钎焊UUS——ultrasonic soldering——超声波钎焊WS——wave soldering——波峰钎焊B——BRAZING——软钎焊BB——block brazing——块钎焊DFB——diffusion brazing——扩散焊DB——dip brazing——浸沾钎焊EXB——exothermic brazing——反应钎焊FB——furnace brazing——炉中钎焊IB——induction brazing——感应钎焊IRB——infrared brazing——红外钎焊RB——resistance brazing——电阻钎焊TB——torch brazing——火焰钎焊TCAB——twin carbon arc brazing——双碳弧钎焊OFW——OXYFUEL GAS WELDING——气焊AAW——air-acetylene welding——空气乙炔焊OAW——oxy-acetylene welding——氧乙炔焊OHW——oxy-hydrogen welding——氢氧焊PGW——pressure gas welding——气压焊OTHER WELDING AND JOINING——其他焊接与连接方法AB——adhesive bonding——粘接BW——braze welding——钎接焊ABW——arc braze welding——电弧钎焊CABW——carbon arc braze welding——碳弧钎焊EBBW——electron beam braze welding——电子束钎焊EXBW——exothermic braze welding——热反应钎焊FLB——flow brazing——波峰钎焊FLOW——flow welding——波峰焊LBBW——laser beam braze welding——激光钎焊EBW——electron beam welding——电子束焊EBW-HV——high vacuum——高真空电子束焊EBW-MV——medium vacuum——中真空电子束焊EBW-NV——non vacuum——非真空电子束焊ESW——electroslag welding——电渣焊ESW-CG——consumable guide eletroslag welding——熔嘴电渣焊IW——induction welding——感应焊LBW——laser beam welding——激光焊PEW——percussion welding——冲击电阻焊TW——thermit welding——热剂焊THSP——THERMAL SPRAYING——热喷涂ASP——arc spraying——电弧喷涂FLSP——flame spraying——火焰喷涂FLSP-W——wire flame spraying——丝材火焰喷涂HVOF——high velocity oxyfuel spraying——高速氧燃气喷涂PSP——plasma spraying——等离子喷涂VPSP-W——vacuum plasma spraying——真空等离子喷涂TC——THERMAL CUTTING——热切割OC——OXYGEN CUTTING——气割OC-F——flux cutting——熔剂切割OC-P——metal powder cutting——金属熔剂切割OFC——oxyfuel gas cutting——氧燃气切割CFC-A——oxyacetylene cutting——氧乙炔切割CFC-H——oxyhydrogen cutting——氢氧切割CFC-N——oxynatural gas cutting——氧天然气切割CFC-P——oxypropanne cutting——氧丙酮切割OAC——oxygen arc cutting——氧气电弧切割OG——oxygen gouging——气刨OLC——oxygen lance cutting——氧矛切割AC——ARC CUTTING——电弧切割CAC——carbon arc cutting——碳弧切割CAC-A——air carbon arc cutting——空气碳弧切割GMAC——gas metal arc cutting——熔化极气体保护电弧切割GTAC——gas tungsten arc cutting——钨极气体保护电弧切割PAC——plasma arc cutting——等离子弧切割SMAC——shielded metal arc cutting——焊条电弧切割HIGH ENERGY BEAM CUTTING——高能束切割EBC——electron beam cutting——电子束切割LBC——laser beam cutting——激光切割LBC-A——air——空气激光切割LBC-EV——evaporative——蒸气激光切割LBC-IG——inert gas——惰性气体激光切割LBC-O——oxygen——氧气激光切割。
第15卷第12期精密成形工程2023年12月JOURNAL OF NETSHAPE FORMING ENGINEERING173 304不锈钢管TIG焊接头凝固行为及热力耦合研究杨海波1，陈勇1*，徐育烺2，赵先锐3，王业方1，张涛1（1.南京工业职业技术大学机械工程学院，南京 210023；2.江苏科技大学材料科学与工程学院，江苏镇江 212000；3.江苏海事职业技术学院船舶与海洋工程学院，南京 211100）摘要：目的对2 mm厚不锈钢管的焊接工艺参数进行优化，并基于模拟仿真软件对接头的热应力场进行模拟，以解决薄壁管件接头应力测试不方便的问题。
方法以TIG焊对2 mm不锈钢管进行焊接，通过对接头宏观形貌、微观组织、显微硬度等结果进行优化进而得到最佳焊接工艺参数，采用双椭球热源和温度-位移耦合方法结合最优工艺参数进行数值模拟。
结果当焊接电流为150 A、焊接速度为66 cm/min时，焊接接头全部熔透，且正面及背面焊道均匀致密，成形良好。
焊缝中心上部区域和下部区域均呈现等轴晶形貌，下部区域尺寸较上部区域尺寸略大，熔合线附近为柱状晶组织。
焊接接头显微硬度整体分布呈现U形，其中热影响区显微硬度（197HV）大于焊缝区域硬度（162HV），熔合线附近显微硬度达到最低值（145HV）。
模拟结果显示，在焊接过程中，当纵向残余应力从母材向焊缝中心过渡时，由压应力逐步转化为拉应力；焊缝中心横向应力呈现为压应力，向两侧母材过渡时应力值逐渐趋近于0，径向应力值变化幅度较小，模拟数据变化趋势与实测数据变化趋势接近。
关键词：304不锈钢；薄壁管件；TIG焊；凝固行为；热力耦合DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2023.12.020中图分类号：TG404 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-6457(2023)12-0173-09Solidification Behavior and Thermodynamic Coupling of TIGWelded Joint of 304 Stainless Steel PipeYANG Hai-bo1, CHEN Yong1*, XU Yu-lang2, ZHAO Xian-rui3, WANG Ye-fang1, ZHANG Tao1(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing V ocational University of Industry Technology, Nanjing 210023, China; 2. Schoolof Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212000, China;3. School of Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering, Jiangsu Maritime Institute, Nanjing 211100, China)ABSTRACT: The work aims to optimize the welding parameters of 2 mm thick 304 stainless steel pipe and simulate the ther-mal stress field of the joint based on simulation software to solve the problem of inconvenient stress testing for thin-walled pipe joints. The 2 mm thick stainless steel pipe was welded by TIG technology, and the optimal welding parameters were obtained by收稿日期：2023-06-14Received：2023-06-14基金项目：江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目（20KJB460015）；南工科研启动基金（YK19-01-04）；江苏省工业软件工程技术研究中心项目（ZK20-04-15）Fund：Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (20KJB460015); Start-up Fund for New Talented Researchers of Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology (YK19-01-04); Jiangsu Industrial Software Engineering Technology Research Center (ZK20-04-15)引文格式：杨海波, 陈勇, 徐育烺, 等. 304不锈钢管TIG焊接头凝固行为及热力耦合研究[J]. 精密成形工程, 2023, 15(12): 173-181.YANG Hai-bo, CHEN Yong, XU Yu-lang, et al. Solidification Behavior and Thermodynamic Coupling of TIG Welded Joint of 304 Stainless Steel Pipe[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering, 2023, 15(12): 173-181.*通信作者（Corresponding author）174精密成形工程 2023年12月optimizing the macro morphology, microstructure and microhardness of the joint. The numerical simulation was carried out by using double ellipsoid heat source and temperature-displacement coupling method combined with the optimal parameters. When the welding current was 150 A and the welding speed was 66 cm/min, the welded joint was completely penetrated and the front and back weld passes were uniform and dense, which was well formed. The upper and lower regions of the weld zone exhibited equiaxed crystal morphology, while the size of the lower region was slightly larger than that of the upper region. The columnar crystal structure appeared near the fusion line. The overall trend of the microhardness of the welded joint presented a "U" shape, in which the microhardness of the head-affected zone (197HV) was larger than that of the weld zone (162HV), and the micro-hardness near the fusion line was the lowest (145HV). The simulation results showed that the longitudinal residual stress gradu-ally transformed from compressive stress to tensile stress when transitioning from the base metal to the center of the weld seam.The transverse stress at the center of the weld seam bore compressive stress, and the stress value gradually approached 0 when transitioning to the base metal on both sides. The radial stress value in the thickness direction of the weld seam changed slightly, and the changing trend of simulated data was close to that of the measured data.KEY WORDS: 304 stainless steel; thin-walled pipe fittings; TIG welding; solidification behavior; thermodynamic coupling304不锈钢具有焊接性好、耐腐蚀性优良等优点，被广泛应用于医疗卫生、汽车船舶、厨卫设备等领域[1-6]。
试谈焊接工艺要求(英文版)Welding is a crucial process in various industries, such as manufacturing, construction, and automotive. It involves joining two or more parts using a fusion technique, which requires a set of specific welding process and quality requirements. In this article, we will discuss the welding process requirements and the importance of meeting those requirements.Firstly, one of the essential requirements is to ensure that the welding process is suitable for the material being welded. Different materials have different melting points and characteristics, which affect the choice of welding method. For example, gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is commonly used for joining steel, while tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) is preferred for aluminum and other non-ferrous materials. Using the wrong welding process can result in weak or poor-quality welds.Secondly, welding operators need to have the necessary skills and qualifications to perform the required welds. They should be properly trained and certified to ensure that they have the knowledge and expertise to operate the welding equipment and understand the welding procedure specifications (WPS). Welders must have a good understanding of factors such as current settings, travel speed, electrode positioning, and shielding gas flow rate to maintain the quality of the weld.Thirdly, it is crucial to properly prepare the base materials before welding. This includes removing any rust, dirt, or foreign contaminants that can affect the quality of the weld. In some cases, preheating the materials might also be necessary to preventcracking or ensure proper fusion. Proper preparation ensures good penetration and fusion between the base materials, leading to a strong and reliable weld.Another important requirement is to maintain proper shielding during the welding process. Shielding gas or flux is used to protect the weld pool from impurities and atmospheric contaminants that can weaken the weld. Without proper shielding, the weld can suffer from defects, such as porosity, cracking, or inclusions. Welders must ensure that the shielding gas flow rate and placement of gas nozzles or flux are appropriate to maintain a stable and protective environment during welding.Furthermore, post-welding treatment is also critical to maintaining the quality of the weld. This includes processes like heat treatment, stress relieving, and surface cleaning. Heat treatment can be applied to relieve residual stresses and improve the mechanical properties of the weld. Stress relieving can prevent distortions or cracking caused by residual stresses. Lastly, surface cleaning removes any slag, spatter, or oxides from the weld, ensuring a smooth and visually appealing finish.In conclusion, meeting the welding process requirements is vital to produce high-quality and reliable welds. It involves selecting the appropriate welding process for the material, having qualified and skilled welders, preparing the base materials correctly, ensuring proper shielding during welding, and applying appropriate post-welding treatment. Adhering to these requirements ensures strong and durable welds, which are crucial for maintaining the integrity and safety of various structures and products.当涉及到焊接过程时，有一些重要的因素可以直接影响到焊接质量。
铝材焊缝与母材强度英文回答：Welding Strength of Aluminum Joints Compared to Parent Material.The strength of welded aluminum joints is a crucial factor in a wide range of engineering applications. Understanding the relationship between weld strength and parent material properties is essential to ensure the integrity and reliability of aluminum structures.Factors Influencing Weld Strength.The strength of aluminum welds is influenced by various factors, including:Base Metal Properties: The chemical composition, grain size, and heat treatment of the aluminum alloy used as the parent material can significantly affect weld strength.Welding Parameters: The welding process, heat input, shielding gas, and filler material selection all play a role in determining weld strength.Weld Joint Design: The type of weld joint (e.g., butt joint, T-joint) and its geometry can influence the stress distribution and thus the strength of the weld.Post-Weld Treatment: Heat treatment, mechanical working, or other post-weld processes can improve weld strength by modifying the microstructure and reducing residual stresses.Comparison with Parent Material Strength.In general, the strength of aluminum welds can be comparable to or even exceed that of the parent material. However, this is not always the case, and it is important to consider the specific factors mentioned above.For example, in the case of high-strength aluminumalloys, such as 7000 series alloys, the strength of the weld may be lower than that of the base metal due to the formation of brittle intermetallic phases during welding.Optimizing Weld Strength.Optimizing the strength of aluminum welds requires careful consideration of the welding parameters, joint design, and material properties.Appropriate Welding Process: Selecting the most suitable welding process for the specific application is crucial. TIG and MIG welding are commonly used for aluminum due to their controllability and high weld quality.Precise Heat Input: Controlling the heat input during welding can prevent excessive grain growth, reduce residual stresses, and improve weld strength.Adequate Joint Preparation: Ensuring proper surface preparation and joint fit-up can minimize defects and improve weld strength.Filler Material Selection: Choosing the right filler material compatible with the parent material can optimizethe composition and mechanical properties of the weld joint.Post-Weld Heat Treatment: Heat treatment can improve weld strength by homogenizing the microstructure, reducing residual stresses, and increasing the strength of the weld metal and HAZ.Conclusion.The strength of welded aluminum joints is a complex issue influenced by a variety of factors. By understanding the relationship between weld strength and parent material properties, optimizing welding parameters, and selecting appropriate post-weld treatments, it is possible to produce high-strength aluminum welds that meet the demanding requirements of modern engineering applications.中文回答：铝材焊接接头的强度与母材的强度。
金属材料英文缩写(精选5篇) 1. 常见金属元素英文缩写Fe：铁 (Iron)Cu：铜 (Copper)Al：铝 (Aluminum)Zn：锌 (Zinc)Mg：镁 (Magnesium)Ti：钛 (Titanium)Ni：镍 (Nickel)Cr：铬 (Chromium)Mo：钼 (Molybdenum)W：钨 (Tungsten)2. 常见合金英文缩写SS：不锈钢 (Stainless Steel)CS：碳钢 (Carbon Steel)Alloy Steel：合金钢Titanium Alloy：钛合金Nickel Alloy：镍合金Aluminum Alloy：铝合金Magnesium Alloy：镁合金3. 金属加工工艺英文缩写Welding：焊接Casting：铸造Forging：锻造Machining：机械加工Brazing：钎焊Soldering：软焊4. 金属材料性能测试英文缩写UT：超声波检测 (Ultrasonic Testing)MT：磁粉检测 (Magnetic Particle Testing)PT：渗透检测 (Penetrant Testing)RT：射线检测 (Radiographic Testing)VT：目视检测 (Visual Testing)5. 金属材料标准英文缩写ASTM：美国材料与试验协会 (American Society for Testing and Materials)ISO：国际标准化组织 (International Organization for Standardization)DIN：德国工业标准(Deutsches Institut für Normung)JIS：日本工业标准 (Japanese Industrial Standards)GB：中国国家标准 (Guo Biao)金属材料英文缩写(精选5篇)6. 金属腐蚀与防护英文缩写Corrosion：腐蚀Passivation：钝化Coating：涂层Cathodic Protection：阴极保护Anodic Protection：阳极保护7. 金属材料的物理性能英文缩写Density：密度Hardness：硬度Tensile Strength：抗拉强度Yield Strength：屈服强度Elastic Modulus：弹性模量Ductility：延展性Malleability：韧性8. 金属材料的化学性能英文缩写Oxidation Resistance：抗氧化性 Corrosion Resistance：抗腐蚀性 Wear Resistance：耐磨性Heat Resistance：耐热性Machinability：加工性9. 金属材料的加工方法英文缩写Hot Working：热加工Cold Working：冷加工Extrusion：挤压Rolling：轧制Drawing：拉拔Cutting：切割10. 金属材料的回收与再利用英文缩写 Recycling：回收Reuse：再利用Recyclability：可回收性Downcycling：降级回收Upcycling：升级回收金属材料英文缩写(精选5篇)11. 金属材料的显微组织英文缩写Grain：晶粒Phase：相Pit：孔洞Inclusion：夹杂物Fracture：断裂12. 金属材料的无损检测英文缩写NDT：无损检测 (NonDestructive Testing) Eddy Current Testing：涡流检测Acoustic Emission Testing：声发射检测 Thermography：热成像Leak Testing：泄漏检测13. 金属材料的表面处理英文缩写Plating：电镀Anodizing：阳极氧化Passivating：钝化Coating：涂层Polishing：抛光14. 金属材料的焊接方法英文缩写MIG：金属惰性气体保护焊 (Metal Inert Gas Welding)TIG：钨极惰性气体保护焊 (Tungsten Inert Gas Welding) Arc Welding：电弧焊Spot Welding：点焊Laser Welding：激光焊15. 金属材料的连接方式英文缩写Bolting：螺栓连接Riveting：铆接Soldering：软焊Brazing：钎焊Welding：焊接。
铝及铝合金管道焊接中的交流TIG焊接摘要：结合我公司承揽的某些工程中浓硝酸、空分装置中的1060纯铝管道、铝镁合金等管道及设备的成功焊接，证明对于铝及铝合金焊接，采用交流氩弧焊焊接工艺是一种质量可靠、焊接速度快、便于操作的焊接方法和技术。
关键词：铝及铝合金; 焊接; 交流氩弧焊Abstract: combined with my company is responsible for some of the engineering, air separation unit of nitric acid unit 1060 pure aluminum pipe, aluminum and magnesium alloys, pipeline and successful welding equipment, for aluminum and aluminum alloy welding proof, adopting ac argon arc welding welding process is a kind of reliable quality, welding speed is quick and easy operation welding method and technology.Keywords: aluminum and aluminum alloy; Welding; Alternating argon arc welding中图分类号：TG4文献标识码：A 文章编号：一、引言目前我公司承建的安装工程，业主一般要求工期短，时间比较紧，对于我公司浓硝酸钝铝管道及空分铝合金管道焊接提出了更高要求。
100%射线探伤要求，即要保证质量，又要保证工期，铝及其铝镁合金焊接，选择合适的焊接工艺，是保证质量和按期完工的重要保证。
采用交流TIG焊工艺将是最佳的选择。
二、焊接特点铝及铝镁合金具有良好的耐蚀性，高的比强度，导电性和导热性等特点，与钢相比，其线胀系数比钢大约2倍，故焊接时变形大；导热率为钢的5倍。
