中考英语被动语态
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1 中考英语——被动语态
1．一般现在时的被动语态形式
The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。
Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。
Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。
Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗
２．一般现在进行时的被动语态形式
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？
How is the new teaching method being tried there 那里是怎样试行这种新教学方法的？
３．现在完成时的被动语态形式
Many foreign films have been shown on TV since last month. 上个月以来，电视中播放了许多外国影片。
The radio has not been turned on yet. 收音机还没开。
Has a new training centre been set up in our city?我们市上新的培训中心建好了吗？
４．一般过去时的被动语态形式
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。
The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。
Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？
５．一般过去进行时的被动语态形式
The question was being discussed at the meeting yesterday afternoon.在昨天下午的会上正讨论这个问题。
At that time they were being shown how to run the machine.在那时，他们正演示如何操作这机器。
６．过去将来时的被动语态形式
He said that a new trade center would be built in the centre of the city. 他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。
She asked whether their plan would be considered with great care. 她问他们的计划会不会得到仔细的考虑。
I wasn't told that I should be invited to the party. 没人告诉我要被邀请出席晚会。
７．过去完成时的被动语态形式
His newly written novel had been translated into English by the end of last month.上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。
She told me that she had been dismissed by her boss. 她告诉我，她的老板已把她解雇了。
Her homework had not been finished when I got home. 我到家的时候，她的作业还没有完成。
８．一般将来时的被动语态形式
If you break the school rules, you will be punished. 如果你违反校规，你将受到惩罚。
A new Hope School will be opened in our village. 我们家乡将开办一所新的希望学校。
In a few years' time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.过几年以后，那些山上会长满了树。
９．情态动词的被动式：
主动句谓语如带有情态动词变成被动句时，应保留情态动词谓语部分为：“情态动词+助动词be+过去分词”。例如：
Our classroom should be kept clean and tidy.我们的教室必须保持干净清洁。
A few of them can be cut each year for firewood。每年一些树木被砍伐用作柴火。
Many thousands of trees must be planted every year.每年都得种成千成万株树。
被动语态的一般疑问句，须将第一个助动词移至主语之前构成。否定句须在助动词之后加构成。例如：
Is the stamp used for sending letters? 邮票是用来发信的吗？
The knife isn't made of wood.这个小刀不是用木头制做的。
三、被动语态的用法。
1、当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者指需要强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。例如：
The cotton is grown in that farm.那个农场里种植棉花。
2、我们关心动作的承受者但也关心动作的执行者，要用被动语态。例如：
Nahan was written by Lu Xun.《呐喊》是鲁迅写的。
3、表示科学性及客观性，在新闻报道和科技文章中用得较多。例如：
Many of the stars cannot be seen because they are too far away.许多星星看不见，因为它们离我们太遥远了。
It was reported that the scientists were searching for new ways to solve the problems.据报道科学家正在寻求解决这些问题的新途径。 2 常见的句型结构如下：It is （was）agreed（believed/decided/hoped/thought......）that......大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）......
It is（was） well known that......众所周知
It is（was ）taken for granted that......被视为当然
It must be remembered that......务必记住......
It mustn’t be forgotten that......千万别忘记......
It is（was） said（reported，heard，told，suggested）that......据说（报道、听说、告知、建议......）
四、主动形式表示被动意义
英语中有主动和被动之分，并都以特定的形式出现。然而并非所有的主动句式都表示主动意义，有些句子形式是主动的，而意义却是被动的。就其在英语中的具体运用，从以下几个方面加以归纳。
1、一些表示感觉、感官的连系动词如：feel，sound，taste，look等后面接形容词作表语，形式上是主动的，
意思上表示被动。例如：
The mixture tasted terrible.这种混合液太难吃了。
She sound nice. She has a beautiful voice.她唱得很好，她有一副好嗓子。
Your father looks very angry. What's the matter? 你父亲看起来很生气，是怎么回事呢？
2、有少数及物动词（do, owe欠 ，cook, print, build）等，常用进行时态表示被动意思。例如：
The meat is cooking. 肉正在煮。
The book is printing.书在印刷中。
3、一些表达事物行为、方式的动词如：wash, sell, write, say, open等，习惯以主动形式表示被动的含义。因为这样使用更简洁，更符合英美人的习惯，尤其在口语中。例如：
The shop was quite new, for it had opened only the week before.这家商店相当新，因为在一星期前才开业。
This kind of cloth washes very well.这种布料很好洗涤。
The door opened and in came Mr. White.门开了，怀特先生走进来。
The book sells well.这书很畅销。
4、表示“发生，进行”之类不及物动词如：happen，last，take place， break out，go on， go by， move on等，以主动式表示被动含义。例如：
You'd better wait and see what happens to him.你最好等着瞧他会发生什么事。
Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor.大楼的第11层着火时，有500多人正在那幢楼上工作。
Will the weather last long? 这种天气会持续很久吗？
But many months went by and no one visited the island.可是一连许多月过去了，竟没有人来光顾这个岛屿。
5、有些“系动词+分词”的结构，意思上也接近被动结构。例如：
He got wounded in a battle.他在一次战斗中负伤。
Many countries became liberated in the following months.接下来的数月中，许多国家获得解放。
6、be + 副词或介词短语，如be on， be on show， be on sale， be in（out of） sight， be under discussion等，这类副词或介词短语往往具有动词含义，相当于被动语态表达的意义。例如：
Summer wear is on sale.（=Summer wear is being sold.）夏季衣服正在出售。
The film had been on for five minutes when I got to the cinema.（=The film had been show when I got to the
cinema.）我到电影院时电影已放映了五分钟。
The two canoes were almost out of sight.(=The two canoes could hardly been seen any more.)那两只独木舟几乎看不到了。
7、不定式作后置定语的结构。当作定语用的不定式除了被修饰的词有动宾关系外，还与句子的主语或宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系，不定式须用主动形式表示被动含义。例如：
