1 被动语态
一、 考点、热点回顾
【词汇辨析】
1. across, through 穿过
across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。动作是在物体的表面进行。常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。eg: They walk across the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥。
through 侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。常用于门、窗户、森林等。
eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。
2. ill，sick―生病的‖。
ill只在系动词后作表语 eg: Her mother was ill in bed.
sick 既可作表语 eg: Her mother was sick in bed.
也可作定语 eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother.
若ill作定语，译为―坏的，恶劣的‖
eg: an ill person一个坏人
sick作表语时也常译为―恶心的，想吐的―
eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.
【固定搭配】 动词+ 名词/ 代词/ 副词+ 介词
make room for给.....腾出地方 eg: We can make room for her at this table.
play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧 eg: We can’t play a joke on law.
speak highly of称赞 eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service.
say good bye to告别；告辞 eg: I don't want to say good bye to them.
1 被动语态
一、 考点、热点回顾
【词汇辨析】
1. across, through 穿过
across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。动作是在物体的表面进行。常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。eg: They walk across the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥。
through 侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。常用于门、窗户、森林等。
eg: He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。
2. ill，sick“生病的”。
ill只在系动词后作表语 eg: Her mother was ill in bed.
sick 既可作表语 eg: Her mother was sick in bed.
也可作定语 eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother.
若ill作定语，译为“坏的，恶劣的”
eg: an ill person一个坏人
sick作表语时也常译为“恶心的，想吐的“
eg: The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.
【固定搭配】 动词+ 名词/ 代词/ 副词+ 介词
make room for给.....腾出地方 eg: We can make room for her at this table.
play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧 eg: We can’t play a joke on law.
speak highly of称赞 eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service.
say good bye to告别；告辞 eg: I don't want to say good bye to them.
高中英语被动语态总结
一、被动语态的构成形式
1. 被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
2） has /have been done 现在完成时
3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时
4） was/were done 一般过去时
5） had been done 过去完成时
6） was/were being done 过去进行时
7） shall/will be done 一般将来时
8） should/would be done 过去将来时
9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）
10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for
his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
- 1 - 中考英语动词、时态、语态复习专项训练（附答案）
一、单项选择：
( )1、When I her in the hall, she was playing the piano.
A．see B．saw C．will see D．am seeing
( ) 2、I’ll go with you as soon as I my work.
A．will finish B．finished C．finish D．would finish
( )3、He will do better in English if he
harder.
A．will work B．works C．working D．work
( )4、Since he came here last year, we happy.
A．are B．have been C．had been D．were
( )5、Peter the work in a week.
A. have finished B. finishes C. is finishing D. will finish
( )6、 open the window.
A．Will you please B．Please will you C．You please D．Please
( )7、These books in the library for a long time.
A. have kept B. had kept C. have been kept D. were kept
( )8、Many sheep eating grass.
A．is B．are C．was
( )9、 I come here tonight? No, you needn’t.
