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2019高考英语一轮阅读理解巩固练（1）李仕才AIf you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news---if you were a mouse. The researchers studied mice, not people.John Price and other researchers studied two groups of mice. One group was able to eat as much as it wanted. The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were “more energetic and suffered fewer disease.” They were not just living longer but seemed to stay younger for a longer period of time.The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes. Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells. But with fewer calories, they slow down. This gives the cells more time to repair themselves.The researchers say ribosomes use from 10 to 20 percent of the cell’s energy to make those proteins. Price wrote that “because of this, it i s impractical to destroy an entire ribosome” when it starts to break down. However, “repairing individual parts of the ribosome on a regular basis enables ribosomes to continue producing high quality proteins for longer than they would otherwise. This top quality production, in turn, keeps cells and the entire body functioning well.”Price said, “ribosome is a very complex machine, like a car.” They need “maintenance to replace the parts that wear out the fastest. When tires wear out,” he explained, “you don’t throw the whole car away and buy a new one. It costs less to replace the old tires.”“Food,” he said, “isn’t just material to be burned---it’s a signal that tells our body and cells how to respond.” Price said the findings help to explain how exactly o ur bodies age. And this may “help us make more educated decisions about what we eat.”1.What can we know about the mice with limited calories from the study?A. They can keep healthy easilyB. They need more energy to be activeC. They can look younger than they areD. They will live a longer life like humans2.What will happen to ribosomes if there are fewer calories?A. They will completely break downB. They make proteins in the cells slowlyC. They will produce high quality proteins moreD. They may need more time to repair themselves3.Price explained the ribosomes’ role of repairing themselves by _________.A. telling a storyB. listing basic dataC. making comparisonsD. experimenting on mice4.What does the text mainly deal with?A. Food decides how long you liveB. Can you slow down your aging process?C. Eating less may help you live longerD. Should your diet be reduced for your health?【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
专题十三阅读理解之人物传记、故事类1.【2018·湖北卷】BWhat Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can（装罐）and preserve much of the food they consume.Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability to control what’s on the ir plate.Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony （阳台）? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” “Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.”Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.”In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said,“that if we don’t take care of the earth, no will.”55.The underlined word “prerequisite” (Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to “______”.A. recipeB. substituteC. requirementD. challenge56.Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?A. They are used daily.B. They are easy to grow.C. They can grow very tallD. They can be eaten uncooked57.According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?A. It can preserve their best flavorB. It can promote her online salesC. It can better her cooking skillsD. It can improve their nutrition58.What is the“the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?A. The knowledge about good foodB. The way to live a grow-our-own lifeC. The joy of getting in touch with foodsD. The responsibility to protect our earth【考点定位】记叙文阅读【名师点睛】记叙文体裁特点是：人不离事,事不离人。
2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（1）李仕才AAway with wordsThe telegraph, an online news service, has teamed up with Saga, which provides products and services only for the over 50s, to hold a new competition to find the best travel writer. Three lucky winners will win a master class with two top Telegraph travel writers before travelling the world with Saga on one of three holidays of great comfort and pleasure. To enter, all you need to do is tell us something mysterious and wonderful about the world of travel—a favorite memory, a humorous tale, an unforgettable occasion or a sight worth writing about.What we are looking forYou must be able to read not only those signs that help you find your way around but the ones that tell you how the locals tick. You must, in the words of Paul Theroux, an American travel writer, “descibe exactly what you see and give it life with your imgaination”.In this competition, you can do that in anything from 150 words to 500, but they should be your words, and fresh ones. We do expect you not to hide the truth or the facts about your experience. Beyond that, you can make the most of the freedom travel writing gives you.You’ll be editor as well as writer, so ensure those eyes are equally fresh when you check and recheck what you’ve written. We will make allowances for the occasional mistake, such as you have “fell” into a river. But we won’t put up with mistakes every few lines.Terms ＆ conditionsCompetitors must be aged 50 years or older.The judging process is divided into two stages: entries will be hosted on the website for one month. The top 20 articles will then be selected by public vote. The top three winners will be chosen by three judges.The closing date for entries is August 15.1.What does the prize for winners include?A. a chance to learn from excellent writers.B. the publication of their works.C. three wonderful holidays.D.an opportunity to work in the Telegraph.2.Who will select the final winners?A. the public.B. Paul TherouxC. two top Telegraph travel writersD. three chosen judges.3.What type of writing is this text ?A. An essayB.A travel guideC.A writing guideD. An announcement【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了旅行作家大赛的参赛标准和奖励。
高考英语一轮复习专项训练阅读理解(人物故事)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解Imagine someone who has spent the majority of their life sitting with a sign on the side of the road and that very person giving someone their last 20 dollars. That's exactly what Marine Corps veteran (退伍军人) Johnny Bobbitt, 34, did in October in Philadelphia.Bobbitt served in the U.S. Marine Corps and worked as a paramedic (医务辅助人员) in Vance County, N. C. before he became homeless. Nobody knew how he got to where he was because he was discreet about that.One night in October, Bobbitt was sitting roadside with a sign in Philadelphia as usual, when Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas. Scared and nervous, she got out of the car to head to the nearest gas station. As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt and he told her to get back in the vehicle and lock the door. Minutes later, he appeared with a red gas can. He'd used his last $20 to buy her gas.After that unexpected meeting, McClure and her boyfriend, Mark D'Amico, who both live in New Jersey, visited Bobbitt several times to deliver gift cards, cash, snacks and toiletries. They then decided to create a fund raising page so he wouldn't have to spend the holidays sleeping on the street.McClure started the GoFundMe page on November 10. With the page, the couple hoped to raise $10,000, enough money for his rent, a reliable vehicle and up to six months' expenses. Bobbitt's story ran in a local paper. By November 15，more than 10,000 local people had made donations through the GoFundMe page and more than $300,000 had been raised.On Thanksgiving, Bobbitt was resting in a hotel, his feet up on the bed, drawing up a grand plan for his new life, thanks to several thousand dollars raised to repay him for a good deed.（1）What does the underlined word "discreet" in paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Doubtful.B. Cautious.C. Guilty.D. Optimistic.（2）McClure met Bobbitt when she .A. couldn't find a gas stationB. got to the way homeC. couldn't unlock her carD. was in search of gas（3）It can be known from the text that .A. Bobbitt's story obtained wide attentionB. Bobbitt became world-famous overnightC. the GoFundMe page collected over $400,000 for BobbittD. the GoFundMe page was started to help people like Bobbitt（4）What is the best title for the text?A. A Homeless Veteran Paid Kindness ForwardB. A Homeless Veteran Had a Generous HeartC. A Homeless Veteran's Kindness Paid OffD. A Small Kindness Made a Big Difference【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，—个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐，使他不用再睡在大街上。
2019年高考英语一轮复习考点通关练专题三阅读理解考点十四人物故事类限时7分This is a story of a teenager who did something so generous—so bighearted—that it's making plenty of adults swoon.Allan Guei, 18, was a star basketball player at Compton High School in the Los Angeles area before he graduated last month. His good grades made him, eligible W1 for an unusual competition: A freethrow contest in the Compton High gymnasium. The top prize: $40,000 in scholarship money.Guei, whose parents immigrated W2to the United States from the Ivory Coast, knew how much that financial aid could mean for his family.S He was also feeling a fair share of pressure as students and teachers crushed into P1 the gym to watch Guei and seven other randomly compete against each other.Guei won the freethrow contest by one basket and netted the $40,000. But it's what he did next that's truly astonishing.In the weeks following the March freethro w competition, Guei learned that he'd scored a fullride basketball scholarship to California State UniversityNorthridge. NCAA (全国大学生体育协会) rules allowed Guei to accept the athletic scholarship and also keep most of the $40,000 he had won.But Guei co uldn't stop thinking about the seven talented runnersup from the freethrow contest. They, too, had dreams—and very real needs. So, he asked Principal Jesse Jones to make a surprise announcement at Compton High's graduation ceremony: Guei wanted to donate W3 the $40,000 to the other seven students.“I've already been blessed so much and I know we're living with a bad economy, so I know this money can really help my classmates，” Guei said in a statement. “It was the right decision.”Guei elaborated (演说) on his decision to give the money away in an interviewwith ESPN (体育电视网)：“I was already well taken care of to go to school, to go to university for free P2.... I felt like they needed it more than I did.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。
（英语）高考英语一轮复习专项训练阅读理解(人物故事)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解Half a DayI walked alongside my father, holding his right hand. All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time."Why school?" I asked my father. "What have I done?""I'm not punishing you," he said, laughing. "School's not a punishment. It's a place that makes useful men out of boys. Don't you want to be useful like your brothers?"I was not convinced. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building.When we arrived at the gate we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. "Go in by you," said my father, "and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others."I hesitated and squeezed his hand firmly, but he gently pushed me from him. "Be a man", he said. "Today you truly begin life. You will find me waiting for you when it's time to leave."I took a few steps. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. I did not know a single one of them, and none of them knew me. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. But then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity, and one of them came over and asked, "Who brought you?""My father," I whispered."My father's dead," he said simply.I did not know what to say. The gate was now closed. Some of the children burst into tears. The bell rang. A lady came along and said, "This is your new home. There are mothers and fathers here, too. Everything that is enjoyable and beneficial is here. So dry your tears and face life joyfully."Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences.（1）On the way to school, the boy felt .A. happyB. embarrassedC. upsetD. excited（2）About schooling, Father suggested .A. wearing a smileB. tearing himself away from gamesC. waiting for parentsD. throwing himself to studying（3） helped him most on the first day at school.A. Teachers and classmatesB. Courtyards and buildingsC. Father and brotherD. New uniforms and shoes（4）What would probably happen next?A. The school life would turn out to be a failure.B. Boys in the school would watch him curiously.C. He would open up a new journey of colorful life.D. His parents would accompany him at the school.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者第一天去学校的时候并不开心，但是等他到了学校之后，他结交了很多朋友，开始了新的生活。
高考英语一轮复习专项训练阅读理解(人物故事)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类1．阅读理解Twenty-one years ago, my husband gave me Sam, an eight-week-old schnauzer（雪纳瑞犬）, to help ease the loss of our daughter. Sam and I developed a very special bond over the next years.At one point, my husband and I decided to move to a new home in New Jersey. Our neighbor, whose cat had recently had kittens, asked if we would like one. We were a little apprehensive about Sam's jealousy and how he would handle his turf（地盘）being invaded, but we decided to risk it.We picked a little, gray, playful ball of Fur. She raced around chasing imaginary mice and squirrels and jumped from table to chair in the blink of an eye, so we named her Lightning.At first, Sam and Lightning were very cautious with each other and kept their distance. But slowly, Lightning started following Sam — up the stairs, down the stairs, into the kitchen. Later, when they slept, it was always together; when they ate, it was always next to each other. When I took either one out, the other was always waiting by the door when we returned. That was the way it was for years.Then, without any warning, Sam was diagnosed as having a weak heart. I had no other choice but to have him put down. The pain was nothing compared with what I experienced when I had to walk into our house alone. This time, there was no Sam for Lightning to greet and no way to explain why she would never see her friend again.In the following days, Lightning seemed heart-broken. I could see the disappointment in her eyes whenever anyone opened the front door, or the hope whenever she heard a dog bark.One day as I walked into our living room, I happened to see Lightning was lying next to the sculptured replica（复制品）of Sam that we had bought a few years ago, one arm wrapped around the statue's neck, contentedly sleeping with her best friend.（1）What does the underlined word "apprehensive" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Shocked.B. Curious.C. Worried.D. Eager.（2）How did Sam get along with Lightning at first?A. Lightning followed Sam everywhere it went.B. They fought with each other fiercely.C. They kept a certain distance from each other.D. Sam was unfriendly to Lightning.（3）What can we infer from the text?A. Lightning knew Sam had died.B. Sam means a lot to Lightning.C. We took Lightning home to accompany Sam.D. Sam came back to stay with Lightning again.（4）What can be the best title of the text?A. The Friendship between Sam and LightningB. The Coming of Sam and LightningC. The Death of Sam to LightningD. The Importance of Sam to Us【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只猫和一只宠物狗之间的友谊，当宠物狗死了之后，猫很伤心，当发现宠物狗地雕像时，很开心地睡在其"朋友"的身边。
2019年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之故事类（精校word版有答案解析）1.【2019全国新课标】CAbout twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio(影棚)to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our "act" would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in "snow". Two more fans were turned on, and a "strong wind" blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.The next scene was a complete contrast (对比). The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures in front taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen (幕). An actor and actress stood of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the water’s edge on an island. By a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio!Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film "stars"! 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。
2019届高考英语一轮复习专项提升训练阅读理解与阅读表达专项提升训练（天津卷适用）一、阅读理解1The Pacific IslandsThere are many groups of islands in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, which are called the Pacific Islands. These islands are always warm and the weather there is the same most of the year. Between the months of April and November there is less rain and some cool wind , but the weather is still warm. The people of the Pacific Islands have brown skin and thick black hair. They are usually tall and strong. They came from Asia a very long time ago.The life of the day begins when the sun comes up. The shouts of the young men are heard from among the trees. They shout to one another as they go quickly to their work. As the sun begins to shine on the soft brown roofs and the tall thin trees, birds call. The noise of the sea is mixed with the noise of the village. Babies cry and little children roll out of their beds and walk slowly down to the sea to wash their faces. Boys, going fishing, get their things and go to find their friends. The whole village opens its eyes and goes toward the sea.In the houses, the wives and the mothers with little babies sit and talk to each other. Old men sit by themselves. They roll leaves to make ropes(绳子).It is twelve o’clock. The ground burns the feet of the little children and they run into the houses from the sea. The men bring boats with lots of fish out of the sea onto the land.At night they go together to a big house to drink.1. The weather is the same for most of the year. It is always _____.A.warm and very hotB.warm and coolC.cool and rainyually very cool, but sometimes very hot2. The whole village opens its eyes and goes towards _____.A.the hillB.the seaC.the villageD.the house3.The people of the Pacific Islands have _____ and they came from _____ long ago.A.white skin and black hair, AfricaB.brown skin and black hair, AsiaC.brown hair and white skin, ChinaD.thick black hair and all are tall,Europe4. At noon the village is very quiet because _____.A.there is no one on the islandB.the children are swimming in the deep seaC.it is very hot outsideD.the men are out of the sea5.The fishermen come home _____.A.at noonB.in the morningC.when the sun goes downD.when the children call them2By trying to tickle(挠痒痒) rats and recording how their nerve cells respond, Shimpei Ishiyama and his adviser are discovering a mystery that has puzzled thinkers since Aristotle expected that humans, given their thin skin and unique ability to laugh, were the only ticklish animals.It turns out that Aristotle was wrong. In their study published on Thursday, Ishiyama and his adviser Michael Brecht found that rats squeak ed and jumped with pleasure when tickled on their backs and bellies. These signs of joy changed according to their moods. And for the first time, they discovered a special group of nerve cells. These nerve cells made this feeling so powerful that it causes an individual being tickled to lose control.To make sure that he had indeed found a place in the brain where tickling was processed, Ishiyama then stimulated(刺激) that area with electrical currents. The rats began to jump like rabbits and sing like birds.“It’s truly ground-breaking,” said Jeffrey Burgdorf, a neuroscientist at Northwestern University who reviewed the paper. “It takes the study of emotion to a new level.”Burgdorf has played a central role in our understanding of animal tickling. He was part of a team that first noticed, in the late 1990s, that rats made special noises when they were experiencing social pleasure. Others had already noted that rats repeatedly made short and high sounds during meals. But the lab where Burgdorf worked noticed that they emitted similar sounds while playing. And so one day, the senior scientist in the la b said, “Let’s go and tickle some rats.” They quickly found that those cries of pleasure doubled.“The authors have been very adventurous,” said Daniel O’Connor, a neuroscientist at Johns Hopkins University who studies touch. To him, that finding was very surprising.“Why does the world literally feel different when you are stressed out?” he said. “This is the first step towards answering that question. It gives us a way to approach it with experimental rigor(严谨).”1.What contributed to humans’ bein g ticklish according to Aristotle?A.Their special skin.B.Their social pleasure.C.Their nervous system.D.Their willingness to touch.2.Why did the researchers make use of electrical currents?A.To discover the special group of nerve cells.B.To experiment on different animals.C.To follow the process of tickling.D.To prove their finding.3.Which of the following statements will Jeffrey Burgdorf agree with?A.The research process is full of risks.B.The finding of the study is surprising and unbelievable.C.The new discovery is beneficial for the study of emotion.D.The finding of the study actually contradicts modern science.4.The underlined word “squeak” in Paragraph 2 may be explained by ______.A.give a smileB.make a noiseC.burst into tearsD.watch with staring eyes5.What is the best title for the text?A.The Life of RatsB.How Rats LaughC.A Wonderful ScientistD.A New Discovery about Rat3 Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins.People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions(排放)vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants mostly use fire to make it. Aside from the new folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators(发电机). Generators are fueled by something--usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal (地热)plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.In other words, those "zero-emissions" cars are likely coal-burning cars. It’s just because the coal is burned somewhere else, it looks clean. It is not. It's as if the California Greens are covering their eyes—“If I can't see it, it's not happening.” Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas(or another fuel)and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat—at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.A gallon of gas may propel your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far— so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from nukes or geothermal, or hydro or wind or solar, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don't use much of those energy sources.In addition, electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, thepollution is spread across all the roads. When it's a power plant, though,all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.1.What does “clueless” mean in paragraph 2?A.People see the California Greens everywhereB.People there have no idea that so far electricity mainly comes from burning coal, oil, etcC.People in California love to have their roofs covered with solar cellsD.People in California love to talk about zero-emissions vehicles2.What is the main idea of the text?A.Electric cars are not clean at allB.Electric cars are better than gasoline-powered onesC.People cast doubts on electric cars’ batteriesD.Gasoline is an efficient way to power a vehicle3.The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run ______.A.not less than 25 milesB.as far as 50 milesC.as far as 25 milesD.not more than 25 miles4.According to the text, electric cars ______.A.are more environmentally friendlyB.burn more fuel than gas-powered onesC.are very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentratedD.are poisonous for a long time and will eventually end up in a landfill5.It can be inferred from the text that ______.A.being green is good and should be encouraged in communicationB.electric cars are now the dominant vehicle compared with gasoline-powered cousinsC.zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environmentD.electric cars are not clean because we get electricity mainly by burning something4 At sixteen Ron Mackie might have stayed at school, but the future called to him excitedly. "Get out of the classroom into a job," it said, and Ron obeyed. His father, supporting the decision, found a place for him in a supermarket. "You're lucky, Ron," he said. "For every boy with a job these days, there's a dozen without salary. " So Ron joined the working world at twenty pounds a week.For a year he spent his days filling shelves with tins of food. By the end of that time he was looking back on his school days as a time of great variety and satisfaction. He searched for an interest in his work, with little success.One fine day, instead of going to work, Ron got a lift on a train going south. With nine pounds in his pocket, a full heart and a great longing for the sea, he set out to make a better way for himself. That evening, in Bournemouth, he had a sandwich and a drink in a coffee house managed by an elderly man and his wife. Before he had finished the sandwich, the woman had taken him on for the rest of the summer, at twenty pounds a week, a room upstairs and three meals a day. The ease and speedof it rather took Ron's breath away. At quiet sea Ron had to check the old man's account in the records of the business.At the end of the season, he stayed on the coast. He was again surprised how straightforward it was for a boy of seventeen to make a living. He worked in shops mostly, but once he took a job in a hotel for three weeks. Later in October he was taken on by the sick manager of a shoe shop. Ron soon found himself in charge there; he was the only one who could keep the books.1.Why did Ron Mackie leave school at sixteen?A.He was made to leave by his father.B.He had reached the age when he had to leave.C.He was worried about the future.D.He wanted to start work.2.What did Ron's father think about his leaving school?A.He thought his son was doing the right thing.B.He didn’t know whether it was right to do that.C.He did not like the idea, but he helped Ron to find work.D.He knew there was a job for every boy who wanted one.3.It took about a year for Ron to realize that_____.A.he worked well because he was interested in the jobB.his work at the supermarket was dullC.being at work was much better than going to schoolD.the store manager wanted to fire him4.Ron took different jobs as a clerk in all the places EXCEPT ______.A.a supermarketB.a coffee houseC.a shoe shopD.a coastal restaurant5.Ron was able to take over the shoe shop because ______.A.he got on well with the manager thereB.he had experience of selling booksC.he knew how to keep the accounts of the businessD.he was young and strong5 For grown-ups, an afternoon snooze(打盹) is often easier said than done. But many of us have probably experienced just how simple it can be to catch some sleep in a gently rocking hammock(吊床). By examining brain waves in sleeping adults, researchers reported in the June 21 issue of Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, that they now have evidence to explain why that is.“It is a common belief that rocking causes sleep: we fall a sleep in a rocking chair soon and, since ancient times, we cradle our babies to sleep,” said Sophie Schwartz of the University of Geneva. “Yet, how this works had remained a mystery. The goal of our study was made up of two parts: to test whether rocking does indeed improve sleep, and to understand how this might work at the brain level.”Schwartz, Michel Mühlethaler, and their colleagues Laurence Bayer and Irina Constantinescu asked twelve adult volunteers to nap on a custom-made bed or“experimental hammock” that could either remain still or rock gently. All participants were good sleepers who didn’t typically nap and did not suffer from excessive sleepiness during the day. Each participant took two 45-minute afternoon naps, one with the bed still and one with the bed in motion, while their brain activity was monitored.“We observed a faster transition to sleep in each and every subject in the swinging condition,” Mühlethaler said. “Surprisingly, we also observed a dramatic boosting of certain types of sleep-related brain waves.”More specifically, rocking increased the length of stage N2 sleep, a formof non-rapid eye movement sleep that normally occupies about half of a good night’s sleep. The rocking bed also had a lasting effect on brain activity, increasing slow brain waves and bursts of activity known as sleep spindles(纺锤体).Schwartz and Mühlethaler say the next step is to find out whether rocking can improve longer periods of sleep and to find out whether it may be useful for the treatment of sleep disorders, such as insomnia(失眠).1.What does the June 21 issue of Current Biology tell us according to Paragraph 1?A.It is more difficult for grown-ups to fall asleep.B.People today like to sleep in a rocking hammock.C.Many people nowadays suffer from excessive sleepiness.D.There comes the evidence to explain why rocking benefits people’s sleep.2.What can we learn from Sophie Schwartz’s words?A.Her team aimed to answer two questions.B.The study is going to benefit babies a lot.C.The study had been kept secret before finished.D.People used to believe rocking was bad for sleep.3.What finding was beyond the researchers’ expectation?A.The rocking seemed to improve participants’ sleep quality.B.All the participants fell asleep faster in the swinging condition.C.Some participants couldn’t fall asleep in the swinging condition.D.Participants had a tendency to sleep excessively in the swinging bed.4.What do Schwartz and Mühlethaler expect to figure out in the next research?A.Whether swing can cause insomnia.B.Whether swing can extend sleep time.C.Whether swing can change brain waves.D.Whether swing can benefit memory consolidation.5.A suitable title for this passage would probablybe .A.Take a snooze. Easier said than done.B.Want a faster sleep?Change your sleeping habits.C.Need a nap?Find yourself a hammock.D.Suffer from sleep disorder? New treatment found.6 Air pollution is getting more and more serious in many places around the world. The fact that public parks in cities become crowded proves that people longto breathe in green, open spaces. And, in these surroundings, they are generally both peaceful and peaceable. It is rare to see people being at odds or even fighting in a garden. It seems to be proved that if human beings can freely breathe and share air, there is no primary reason for them to struggle with one another.But do we only sense what life could be when we enjoy green spaces?The plant would silently shows us what a reflection of life truthfully is. It also helps us to a new beginning urging us to care for our breath. We must, in turn, care for it, opposing any sort of pollution that destroys both our world and that of plans. The interdependence to which we must pay the closest attention is what exists between ourselves and the plant world. Often described as “the lungs of the planet”, the woods that cover the earth offer us the gift of breathable air by releasing oxygen .But their capacity to renew the air polluted by industry has long reached its limit. If we continue to pollute the air by filling it with chemicals and destroy the ability of plans to restore it we will soon pull our world into an unavoidable disaster.Humans must learn to share life, both with each other and with plans. This task can be carried out only when each tasks it upon her-or himself-and only when all work together. The lesson taught by plants is that human life can only exist with nature. We must come to view the air, the plants and ourselves as the countries to the protection of life and growth, rather than productive objects we can use and throw away freely. Perhaps then we would finally begin to live, rather than merely survive.1.What does the underlined part “being at odds” mean?A.relaxingB.exercisingC.conflictingD.hurrying2.According to the first paragraph, what does the author suppose might be the primary reason that people would struggle with each other?A.To get their share of clean air.B.To purpose a comfortable life.C.To gain a higher social status.D.To seek economic benefits.3.What does the author try to draw our closest attention to?A.The massive burning of fossil fuels.B.Our relationship to the plant world.C.The capacity of plans to renew polluted air.rge-scale deforestation across the world.4.How can human beings achieve the goal of protecting the planet, according to the author?A.By showing respect for plants.B.By preserving all forms of life.C.By consuming all natural resources.D.By all making their efforts together.5.What does the author suggest we do in order to not just survive, but lives better?A.Expand the range of living.B.Developing nature’s potentials.C.Share life with nature.D.Explore new resources.7 In many businesses,computers have largely replaced paperwork, because they are fast, flexible and do not make mistakes. As the banker said, “Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day.”And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their trade is “untouched by human hands” and therefore safe from human temp tation(诱惑). Obviously, computers have no reason to steal money. But they have no conscience and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal.Computer criminals don't use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence. A computer cannot remember who used it, but simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City Bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion. No one noticed the theft because he moved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error and then replaced the missing money from someone else's account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler. When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records.Some employees use the computer's power to get revenge on their bosses they consider unfair. Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer-tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than professional life. She was given thirty days notice. In those thirty days, she rubbed out all the company's computerized records.Most computer criminals have been common workers. Now the police wonder if this is “the tip of the iceberg”. As one official says, “I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doing—the ones who really know how a computer works. ”1.Which feature of computers makes computer theft possible?A.They are fast, flexible and accurate to run every program.B.They usually function normally.C.They have no sense of what is right or wrong.D.They have no reason to steal money.2.The author uses the case of the head teller to show_____________.A.how computer criminals do evil thingsB.how hard it is to find a computer criminalputers lack conscienceputer crime can involve a big sum of money3.The head teller was found guilty of stealing_____________.A.after the police examined the illegal gambling operation documents.B.when the police broke up an illegal gambling operation.C.after he was questioned in the unusual balance of an account.D.when he was caught transmitting money from one account from another.4.Why did the computer-tape librarian erase all the company's computerized records?A.She might think it was right to revenge any injustice in personal life.B.She might think the employer was wrong to fire her for personal problems.C.The company carelessly gave her enough time to do the erasing.D.The company always interfered with its employees’ personal life.5.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Minor employees are supposed to be responsible for economic criminals.B.Of all crimes, computer theft is the “tip of the iceberg”.C.There are more computer crimes committed by computer masters.puter crimes are all poorly done.8 Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move. In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra (冻土地带) starts has been shifting northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this, plants tend to grow horizontal ( 水平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they don't have enough energy to make seeds.But as Earth's climate has been warming, trees no longer have to just grow horizontally. Many can instead grow up toward the sky. This takes less energy. And with all that leftover energy, these trees have started producing more seeds. This happens especially in places where the white spruce( 白云杉) grows.White spruce, which is a North American tree, is quite able to produce a lot of seeds, which can move long distances in the wind. When wind-blown seeds end up on the tundra beyond the tree line, they eventually can sprout ( 发芽) new trees. This explains how a forest can move. Of course, the process would work only if tundra were warm enough. But in recent years, the whole planet has been warming.New trees will provide shelters for some snow, keeping the sun's rays from making the white surface disappear. Instead, the trees absorb the sun's heat. This warms the surrounding air. The extra warmth encourages even more trees to produce seeds. That further boosts a forest's ability to expand. In addition, more trees will trap more snow, preventing much of it from being blown away. Snow can trap heat in the soil below, which encourages trees to grow. The recent rise of temperature has helped more trees grow. The recent rise of temperature has helped more trees grow past the tree line. People worry about impacts on the animals that depend on frozen conditions for food and shelter.1.What is the main cause of the trees in the Arctic moving northward?A.The shrinking of northern tundra.B.The rising temperature.C.The fierce and cold wind.D.The abundant resources in the north.2.What does the underlined word "this” in Paragraph 1 mean?A.To produce more seeds.B.To move northward.C.To respond to the climate change.D.To protect themselves from the cold wind.3.Why a forest can move according to the passage?A.Because tundra can move freely along with the wind.B.Because the whole planet is moving and warm due to the climate change.C.Because the weeds can move casually and move long distances in the wind.D.Because the wind-blown seeds stop on the tundra.4.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.New trees can trap the snow, which may make the soil colder.B.The trapped snow prevents new trees from producing more seeds.C.New trees can make the surrounding air warmer.D.New trees can bring more food and shelter for local animals.5.The passage is most probably taken from _______.A.a science reportB.a health reportC.a fashion magazineD.a children's magazine二、阅读表达9.阅读短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（1）AAway with wordsThe telegraph, an online news service, has teamed up with Saga, which provides products and services only for the over 50s, to hold a new competition to find the best travel writer. Three lucky winners will win a master class with two top Telegraph travel writers before travelling the world with Saga on one of three holidays of great comfort and pleasure. To enter, all you need to do is tell us something mysterious and wonderful about the world of travel—a favorite memory, a humorous tale, an unforgettable occasion or a sight worth writing about.What we are looking forYou must be able to read not only those signs that help you find your way around but the ones that tell you how the locals tick. You must, in the word s of Paul Theroux, an American travel writer, “descibe exactly what you see and give it life with your imgaination”.In this competition, you can do that in anything from 150 words to 500, but they should be your words, and fresh ones. We do expect you not to hide the truth or the facts about your experience. Beyond that, you can make the most of the freedom travel writing gives you.You’ll be editor as well as writer, so ensure those eyes are equally fresh when you check and recheck what you’ve written. We will make allowances for the occasional mistake, such as you have “fell” into a river. But we won’t put up with mistakes every few lines.Terms ＆conditionsCompetitors must be aged 50 years or older.The judging process is divided into two stages: entries will be hosted on the website for one month. The top 20 articles will then be selected by public vote. The top three winners will be chosen by three judges.The closing date for entries is August 15.【】1、What does the prize for winners include?A、a chance to learn from excellent writers.B、the publication of their works.C、three wonderful holidays.D、an opportunity to work in the Telegraph.【】2、Who will select the final winners?A、the public.B、Paul TherouxC、two top Telegraph travel writersD、three chosen judges.【】3、What type of writing is this text ?A、An essayB、A travel guideC、A writing guideD、An announcement【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了旅行作家大赛的参赛标准和奖励。
2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解专项提升练习（1）人物类与故事类学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解1. Joanna Cole, born on August 11, 1944 in Newark, New Jersey, has been credited to be one of the most popular children’s authors of all time. She has written over 250 books and is famous for writing one of the most popular children's book series. She knew as early as 5th grade that she was interested in writing and science. Cole has owed a large part of her passion to one of her elementary school teachers.Joanna Cole continued her education by attending the University of Massachusetts and Indiana. She would eventually earn a bachelor’s degree in psychology from the City College of New York in 1967; after graduation Cole decided to take some education courses to become a librarian at a Brooklyn elementary school in 1967. Eventually, she would take jobs working for Newsweek, Seesaw book club.Cole’s passion for writing and science was still alive and well during this time. In 197l she decided to write her first book, Cockroaches. She did some research and discovered there had never been a book written for children about cockroaches. So she thought she would be the first.Cole struck gold when she wrote the first Magic School Bus in 1985. The book would go on to be published the following year and quickly became book series and cartoon series due to its success.Cole continued to write both non-fiction and fiction books for children. She writes in a way that will hopefully inspire children to think like a scientist. She does this by writing ideas instead of just facts. She also tries to ask questions in her books that require children to think and discover the answers as they read. This creates an engaging experience for children, so it is no wonder why younger readers are hooked on her books.1.When Joanna Cole was young, she ________.A.got inspired by one of her teachersB.was very popular with childrenC.began her career of writing novelsD.knew what she would do in the future2.What does the underlined phrase probably mean?A.Got ideas.B.Made a promise.C.Made a fortune.D.Obtained help.3.What do we know about Joanna Cole?A.She is the most famous woman writer in America.B.She is an expert at getting science across to readers.C.She writes novels not only for kids but for adults.D.She has made great contributions to science.4.What kind of person is Cole in the passage?A.Talented and creative.B.Popular and reliable.C.Serious and honest.D.Positive and brave.2. Wilma was born on June 23, 1940 in St Bethlehem, Tennesse. By the time she was 6,Wilma Rudolph was given metal braces to aid her in walking. She started receiving treatment with help from her family. A few years later, she walked without any assistance into the church.When she was in junior high, she joined the basketball team. She finally applied to compete in games again and when her wish was finally permitted, she amazed everyone by leading the team to an undefeated season and the state championships. Though they lost the championship title in the end, Wilma Rudolph earned the attention of the women’s track coach, Ed Template at Tennessee State University, and was invited to join the“Tigerbelles”. Her efforts paid off as she turned out to be so good that the Tigerbelles invited her to join them in the national Olympic team trails. Not only did she make it into the team, but she won a bronze medal in the 4×100m relay at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics. Four years later, Rudolph set a world 200m record(22.9 seconds)at the 1960 US Championships. At the Rome Olympics in 1960,she competed in the 100m,200m and 4×100m relay, and equaled the world record of 11.3 seconds in the semifinals(半决赛)of the 100m.She won the final by three meters in 11.0 seconds, but it was not accepted as a world record.Wilma Rudolph’s extraordinary achievements in Rome made her a darling of the European press who gave her the nickname “The Black Gazelle(羚羊)” and “The Black Pearl”. She also became the first woman in American history to win 3 gold medals in the Oly mpics and was crowned “the Fastest Woman in the World”. Wilma Rudolph’s spirit inspired people such as Jackie Joyner Kersee and Florence Griffith Joyner who became the next to win 3 gold medals.1.What problem did Wilma face according to Paragraph 1?A.Not being able to walk.B.Not being able to speak.C.Losing her sight.D.Losing her hearing.2.According to the passage, Wilma could join the “Tigerbelles” mainly because of__________.A.her being Ed Template’s favourite athleteB.her strong appeal to Ed TemplateC.her outstanding performances in basketball gamesD.her winning the championship title3.We learn that Wilma broke the world record in _________.A.the 4× 100m relay at the 1956 Melbourne OlympicsB.the semifinals of the 100m at the Rome OlympicsC.the final of the 100m at the Rome OlympicsD.the 200m at the 1960 US Championships4.How many people that at least won 3 Olympics gold medals in American history are mentioned in the passage?A.Three.B.One.C.Four.D.Five.3. Alexander John Jordan was born in Madison, Wisconsin in 1914. After graduating from high school, he attended the University of Wisconsin. After about one year of college, Alex dropped out.Alex then went from job to job. He drove a taxi and worked for Royavac. He also worked fo r his father’s construction company, where Alex got his basic knowledge of construction.In the 1940s, Alex discovered Deer Shelter Rock and began having small picnics on the top of the rock. He then started bringing his tent and camping out. One night, his tent got blown away and from that day, Alex decided he wanted to build something more stable. That was the beginning of his dreams. Alex started off by renting the rock and a bit of land around it from a local farmer. He first built a small studio wi th a fireplace. Then Alex, with his parents’ help, bought 240 acres of land, so he could build as he pleased. What took shape on and around Deer Shelter Rock was truly a wonderful achievement. More wonderful still is the fact that he built much of the original house by himself, carrying the materials up the 75-foot-high rock.As curiosity grew surrounding his project, more and more people came to visit the House on the Rock. Alex decided to charge people 50 cents to visit, thinking that would drive them away; however, people gladly paid the fee. In 1960, Alex decided to open the House on the Rock to the public. This increased the interest and the crowds grew. All of the money taken in over the years was put directly back into the House. Alex was devoted to the House on the Rock. It was his life and dream.1.Which of the following statements is true?A.Alex bought the land by himself to build the house.B.Alex learned about construction working for Royovac.C.The house Alex built was 75 feet high.D.Alex d idn’t finish his college education.2.Why did Alex charge people for a visit at first?A.Because he was in heavy debt.B.Because he wanted to earn much money.C.Because he was disturbed by visitors.D.Because he needed money to repair his house.3.According to the passage what do you think of Alexander?A.Optimistic and well-educatedB.Creative and ambitiousC.Curious and faithfulD.Cooperative and dependable4.What can we know from the last paragraph?A.The number of visitors increased despite the charge.B.People lost their curiosity about the house gradually.C.All the money taken in over the years was piled in the house.D.Alex spent his rest life in the House on the Rock.4. Albert Einstein has recently been making headlines again. However, this time it is not for a new scientific breakthrough, but because of a handwritten note the scientist gave a bellboy 95 years ago.Earlier this year, the bellboy’s nephew decided to finally part with the note and handed it to Jerusalem-based Winner’s Auctions and Exhibitions. Dubbed(被称为)the “theory of happiness”,the note was put up for auction(拍卖)on October 24, 2017, with a starting bid of $2,000. The auctioneers estimated that it would sell for a maximum of $8,000. Instead, it brought the owner an astonishing $1.56 million from a European buyer. Auction representative MeniChadad later said, “It was a record for an auction of a document in Israel, and it was just wow, wow, wow. I think the value can be explained by the fact that the story behind the tip is so uplifting and inspiring, and because Einstein continues to be a global rock star long after his death.”In October 1922, Einstein was invited to Japan to deliver a series of lectures. As the scientist was making his way from Europe to Tokyo, he received a telegram(电报)informing him that he had been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. Though pleased at the news, the Nobel Prize winner decided to continue with his Japanese trip instead of heading to Stockholm to accept the honor.While in Tokyo, he penned the note in German on the letter paper of his hotel. The note said, “A quiet and humble(低调的)life will bring more happiness than the pursuit of success and the constant restlessness that comes with it.”The narrative on why the scientist wrote the note varies. Some believe it was to express Einstein’s delight at the enthusiastic reception he received from his lecture attendees. Others think it was specially written for the bellboy who came to deliver a message, either because the scientist did not have lose change to tip him, or because the messenger refused to accept a monetary compensation. Regardless of the reason, Einstein told the bellboy, “Maybe if you are lucky, the note will become much more valuable than just a regular tip.” He was right!1.What did MeniChadad mean by his comment?A.The bellboy was lucky.B.The outcome was reasonable.C.Einstein was a global rock star.D.The auction was well-arranged.2.What did Einstein do just after knowing he had won the Prize?A.He continued going to Tokyo.B.He headed to accept the honor.C.He sent a telegram to Stockholm.D.He expressed his pleasure in his lecture.3.Einstein wrote the note ______.A.in Tokyo, JapanB.in a German hotelC.for his lectureD.at he bellboy’s request4.What can be the best title for the text?A.Einstein’s Travel to TokyoB.Einstein’s Friendship with a BellboyC.Einstein’s New Scientific BreakthroughD.Einstein’s Note Auction for $1.56 Million5. He’s a comedian, he’s an actor, he’sBritainand the whole world knows him as the silent,black-haired character Mr Bean. That’s right, Rowan Atkinson.Atkinson was born in Newcastle,Englandand was educated at Newcastle University and Oxford. While at Oxford, he met the writer Richard Curtis, who was studying there too, and they became friends. Curtis was the opposite of Atkinson. He had great love for words while Atkinson enjoyed nonverbal comedy. Together they began writing comedy reviews for the Oxford Playhouse. Shortly afterwards, Atkinson began appearing in the smaller theatres in Edinburgh. After a show at the Hampstead Theatres in 1978, he was offered a part in the BBC series Not the Nine O’clock News. This series got off to a slow start, but soon became a huge success, with Atkinson winning the BAFTA award for his work. However, being a very sensible man, Atkinson saw the whole acting jobs as a hobby, along with his growing interest in car racing.Atkinson made his big-screen debut(初次亮相)in 1983’s unofficial James Bond film Never Say Never Again. That same year Atkinson appeared in the BBC seriescalled Black Adder. The main hero named Edmund, tries unsuccessfully to become King of England after accidentally killing his uncle Richard III during a battle. This was followed by three hugely successful sequels(续集)each set in a different era(时代)of England’s history. The Black Adder series was voted the Best Comedy Show of the Year in 1990. He then went on to create Mr Bean . A walking disaster, Bean was purely physical comedy, the opposite of Edmund. This character was a huge success and became another national treasure. In 1997 Bean came to the big screen. A few years later, Scooby Doo became a box-office hit in theUSin 2002. This was followed by Johnny English in 2003, a funny work of James Bond films.In his spare time, Atkinson collects classical cars and takes part in races.He also writers for the British magazines CAR. He is a very shy man, and has managed to keep his private life, private.1.According to the text, the BBC series Not the Nine O’Clock News_________________.A.brought Atkinson fameB.became successful immediatelyC.made Atkinson give up physical comedyD.showed some of Atkinson’s weakness as an actor2.At the beginning of his acting job, Atkinson _______________.A.was writing comediesB.didn’t see acting as a jobC.didn’t like physical comedyD.had an argument with Curtis about comedy3.Which work would you recommend(推荐)to someone who likes humour mixed with history?A.Black AdderB.Mr. BeanC.Johnny EnglishD.Not the Nine O’clock News4.What can we learn from the text?A.Atkinson often wrote plays for Oxford Playhouse.B.Never Say Never Again was a box-office hit.C.Mr Bean was voted the Best Comedy Show.D.Atkinson dislikes showing his personal life.6. Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel. And he surely deserves additional praise:the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War.H.B.Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.Again and again,in the postwar years,Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. Consider the most controversial, at least today, of Twain's novels, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn,Twain's most widely read tale. Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. Twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums(贫民窟).”More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim,the escaped slave,and many occurrences of the word nigger.(The term Nigger Jim,for which the novel is often severely criticized,never appears in it.)But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point. The novel is strongly anti-slavery. Jim’s search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. As J.Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual:Jim, the father and the man.”There is much more. Twain’s mystery novel Pudd'nhead Wilson sto od as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior(低等的)to whites,especially in intelligence,Twain's tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth to her master's baby and,for fear that the child should be sold South, switched him for the master's baby by his wife. The slave's light-skinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. The master's wife's baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.The point was difficult to miss:nurture(养育),not nature,was the key to social status. The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech,for example—were, to Twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.Was Twain a racist?Asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of Lincoln. If we read the words and attitudes of the past through the “wisdom” of the considered moral judgments of the present,we will find nothing but error. Lincoln,who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him. And Twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier,and inventor of Jim,may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.1.How do Twain's novels on slavery differ from Stowe's?A.Twain was more willing to deal with racism.B.Twain's attack on racism was much less open.C.Twain's themes seemed to agree with plots.D.Twain was openly concerned with racism.2.What best proves Twain's anti-slavery stand according to the author?A.Jim's search for his family was described in detail.B.The slave's voice was first heard in American novels.C.Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.D.Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.3.The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that ________.A.slaves were forced to give up their babies to their mastersB.slaves' babies could pick up slave-holders' way of speakingC.blacks' social position was shaped by how they were brought upD.blacks were born with certain features of prejudice4.What does the author mainly argue for?A.Twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.B.Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln.C.Twain's works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.D.Twain's works should be read from a historical point of view.7. Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous scientists in this century. He was born in 1942. He’s world well-known on space and time. Stephen was searching some very big questions, such as How did the universe begin? How will it end?Stephen was a student at Oxford University. He studied math and science. Then, at the age of twenty, he became sick. He was so young, but the doctors said to his family, “He has only two more years to live.” As a matter of fact, the doctors were wrong –he didn’t die. He can’t walk but he uses a wheelchair(轮椅). He can’t feed h imself and get in or out of bed himself. But he refused to give in to the condition. He talks with the help of a computer. After Oxford, Stephen went to Cambridge University. Three years later, in 1965, he became a doctor of philosophy(哲学).Because of his serious health problems, it was difficult for him to drawdiagrams(图表) or to write. So he started to think in pictures. With this new way of thinking, he became one of the most famous scientists in the world. In 1981, he met the Pope(教皇) in Rome. They talked about his ideas. Then in 1988, he wrote his first important book, A Brief History of Time. It sold more than 5.5 million copies in 33 different languages. He was once invited to China, he impressed us with his self-confidence, humorous and witty(风趣的) conversation.1.Which of the following is NOT true?A.Stephen is good at thinking.B.Stephen cannot walk.C.Stephen has had the answers to some very big questions.D.Stephen had once studied2.A Brief History of Time is ________.A.a book which is well-known all over the wordB.a book about Rome’s historyC.Stephen’s talk collection with the Pope in RomeD.Stephen’s talk collection with me in China3.Stephen’s studies DO NOT relate (涉及) to ________ according to the passage.A.scienceB.mathC.philosophyD.art4.The right order of Stephen’s main experiences in ________.a. He went to Cambridge University.b. He became very ill.c. He wrote his first important book.d. He met the Pope in Rome.A.c-a-b-dB.a-b-c-dC.b-a-d-cD.a-c-b-d8. Theodor Seuss Geisel was born in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1904. He was famous because of the books he wrote for children. They combine funny words, pictures, and social opinion.Dr Seuss wrote his first book for children in 1937. It is called And to Think I Saw It on Mulberry Street. A number of publishers refused to publish it. They said it was too different. A friend finally published it. Soon other successful books followed. Over the years, he wrote more than forty children’s books. They were fun to read. Yet his books sometimes dealt with serious subjects.By the middle 1940s, Dr Seuss had become one of the best-loved and most successful writers of children’s books. He had a strong desire to help children. In 1954, Life magazine published a report about school children who could not read. The report said many children’s books weren’t interesting. Dr Seuss decided to write books that were interesting and easy to read.In 1957, Dr Seuss wrote The Cat in the Hat. He used less than 225 words to write the book. This was about the number of words a six-year-old should be able to read. The story is about a cat who tries to entertain two children on a rainy day while their mother is away from home. The cat is not like normal cats. It talks. The book was an immediate success. It was an interesting story and was easy to read. Children loved it. Their parents loved it, too. Today many adults say it is still one of the stories they like best.1.What’s the best title for this passage?A.Some of Dr Seuss’ books for c hildren.B.What are Dr Seuss’s books mainly about?C.Dr Seuss —a famous writer of children’s books.D.Why are Dr Seuss’ books different?2.How did Dr Seuss help children according to Paragraph 3?A.By asking others to help them in magazines.B.By writing interesting and simple books.C.By changing his old books into simpler ones.D.By giving them books for free.3.Adults most probably think that Dr Seuss’ The Cat in the Hat is _________.A.interestingB.seriousC.difficultD.boring9. Our non-profit organization had just received a large donation of clothing. As three of us walked home for dinner, we saw a woman begging by the bridge. She was old and had no legs. She shivered in her thin sari(纱巾), which offered little protection from the cold wind. Her hunger forced her to beg. My friends and I looked at each other:here was a perfect opportunity, but first it was necessary to do a little bit of research.We went up to the woman to hear her story. She spoke very little due to her poor health and fear, but we learned enough. She lived alone in her small home. She had no one to look after her and ate whatever people gave her. The desire to help her grew stronger. After speaking to her, we headed back to get something to keep her warm. Finding the perfect sweater, we set out again to see the woman. This time, the fear was replaced by distrust as we presented her with the sweater.“Are you robbers?” she asked. “You came here before and are back so suddenly with clothes.” I was surprised by her principles.Even in her state, she did not want to wear anything that was stolen and gained through ill means.“No, we are out doing service work.” Her shoulders relaxed a bit. I then helped her put the sweater on and said, “Please don't sell the sweater.” “I swear, I won't,” she said.A week later, I was out walking with my mother to get some food when I saw the woman again. This time the picture was a little different. She was still begging, but with the gray sweater wrapped around her body and a smile on her face when she saw us. I guarantee that the smile on my face was bigger.1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A.The organization had too many clothes.B.The writer offered help without hesitation.C.The woman wanted to make a fortune by begging.D.The writer was careful before offering help to the beggar.2.What do the underlined words “her principles” in the third paragraph refer to?A.She never trusted strangers.B.She never accepted donations from the poor.C.She wouldn't accept anything gained illegally.D.She wouldn't take advantage of others' kindness.3.What contributed to their smiles at last?A.Kindness and trust.B.Caution and fear.C.Doubt and distrust.D.Optimism and generosity.4.What is the best title for the passage?A.Trusting the BeggarsB.A Beggar’s MoralityC.The Sweater to a BeggarD.Learning to Judge a Real Beggar10 Bertie knew there was something in the wind. His mother had been sad in recent days, not sick, just strangely sad. The lion had just lain down beside him, his head warm on Bertie's feet, when Father cleared his throat and began, "You'll soon be eight, Bertie. A boy needs a proper education. We've found the right place for you, a school near Salisbury in England."His heart filled with a terrible fear, all Bertie could think of was his white lion. "But the lion," he cried, "What about the lion?""I'm afraid there's something else I have to tell you," his father said. Looking across at Bertie's mother, he took a deep breath. Then he told Bertie he had met a circus owner from France, who was over in Africa looking for lions to buy. He would come to their farm in a few days."No! You can't send him to a circus!" said Bertie. "People will come to see him.He'll be shut up behind bars. I promised him he never would be. And they will laugh at him. He'd rather die. Any animal would!" But as he looked across the table at them, he knew their minds were quite made up.Bertie felt completely betrayed. He waited until he heard his father's deep breathing next door. With his white lion at his heels, he crept downstairs in his pyjamas, took down his father's rifle from the rack and stepped out into the night. He ran and ran till his legs could run no more. As the sun came up over the grassland, he climbed to the top of a hill and sat down, his arms round the lion's neck. The time had come."Be wild now," he whispered. "You've got to be wild. Don't ever come home. All my life I'll think of you, I promise I will." He buried his head in the lion's neck. Then, Bertie clambered down off the hill and walked away.When he looked back, the lion was still sitting there watching him; but then he stood up, yawned, stretched, and sprang down after him. Bertie shouted at him, but he kept coming. He threw sticks. He threw stones. Nothing worked.There was only one thing left to do. With tears filling his eyes and his mouth, he lifted the rifle to his shoulder and fired over the lion's head.1.Bertie's mother was sad probably because she _______.A.had been seriously ill recentlyB.had decided to send Bertie to schoolC.knew selling the lion would upset BertieD.knew Bertie would hate to go to England2.The underlined word "they" in Para. 4 probably refers to _______.A.some audienceB.other animalsC.Bertie's parentsD.circus's owners3.In the last paragraph, the boy lifted the rifle at the lion to _______.A.kill the lion out of fearB.threaten the lion back to the wildC.protect himself from the lionD.show his anger towards his father4.The passage intends to show that ______.A.animal-hunting is popular in AfricaB.parents are sometimes cruel to their childrenC.animals usually lead a miserable life in circusesD.people and animals can be faithful to each other11. Holiday was over. The school bus was due to pick up my daughters in four minutes, and they were doing their last minute gathering of shoes, water bottles, lunches, and backpacks.“Don’t forget it’s Tuesday,” I called to my eight-year-old daughter as she headed for the boots lying next to the door. “Tennis shoes for P.E.,” I added.My child suddenly stopped and turned to face me, grasping her right arm with her left. “Mama, my arm hurts today. Could you write me a note that says my arm is sore?”“You want me to write a note now? You should have thought of it sooner.”“Sore arm? Let me guess — too much Nintendo Wii (一种电子游戏)?”“You will be fine. Come on, we need to go. The bus is coming.”I thought of those responses.But I didn’t say them.From past experiences, I could see how this situation would play out if I chose sarcasm (讽刺), unfriendliness, and annoyance over understanding, responsiveness, and respect.Choosing unfriendliness in a moment of conflict had once resulted in breaking into pieces my husband’s coffee pot in the kitchen sink.And then came regret.Anger was the reason I lost all control one day when I was unable to locate my car in a sea of vehicles.And then came regret.Despite the years that have passed since those incidents, I can still see my children’s faces, staring at me in horror wondering what had become of me in those moments.I disliked myself in those moments. I wanted to run away and hide. But most of all, I didn’t want to be that changeable person anymore.Facing one of those situations, I knew my response could either make or break the situation. So I took a 3-second pause before opening my mouth.I noticed there were real tears welling in my daughter’s eyes…real tears she didn’t want to fall… real tears she was actually pushing back with her fingers.。
