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高考现代文阅读练习和答案详细解析5释，通过对自己行为的注解，来赢得一点点的谅解，以及内心的安宁。
⑥可是啊，我亲爱的朋友，有的时候，我们是不需要注释的，不论是我们的思想，还是我们的行为。
沉默中，心有灵犀的人自能心领神会，而心律不同者即便你费尽口舌他仍会恍然不知。
⑦相传世尊一日在灵山会上，拈一枝金婆罗花示众。
时众皆默然，不得其要领，只有迦叶尊者破颜而笑，于是佛祖便将其“正法眼藏，涅磐妙心，实相无相，微妙法门”传给了迦叶。
禅宗《无门关》第六则记载的这段“拈花一笑”的著名公案，是那么地令人心动。
而目不识丁的六祖慧能一听无尽藏比丘尼诵念《大磐经》便知其中妙义的故事，亦是那样传神。
⑧禅宗讲求“不立文字”，“以心传心”，而在我们的现实生活中，不需彼此注释而“心有灵犀一点通”，该是一个多么动人的境界啊!⑨俞伯牙摔琴谢知音，没必要诠释自己；管宁割席与友断交，亦毋须多言一句。
最钦佩古时话本里那些特立独行，从不多言的英雄。
大漠孤烟，夜黑风高，他们或杀身取义，或拔刀助友，绝不多说一句，从来不为自己的所做所为加上一段长长的注解。
待血迹擦干，宝剑入鞘，是朋友，自会相视一笑。
好汉武松本可不上景阳岗的，可他偏向虎山行；刺配二千里外的孟州，一路上本有机会逃跑，可他宁肯将松下的木枷重新带上，把封皮贴上，一步步自投孟州而来……不解者，百思不解；知其心者，自会竖起拇指，由衷地叫一声：“好!”⑩还有爱情，自古以来就令人“辗转反侧，寤寐思服”的爱情，更是不需要注解，也没有注解的。
就像一首歌中唱的：“爱，不需要任何理由，就像你，注定跟我走。
”我读书时曾结识一位从意大利米兰来中国留学的小姐，她在意大利学习了四年中国历史，又到中国研究古典文学，能写精美的绝句，曾令我惊叹不已。
多年以后，我看电视，才知道她嫁给了大学的一位锅炉工。
记者问她为什么嫁给一位中国的锅炉工，我就觉得这是一个愚蠢的问题。
没有为什么。
“不要问，不要说，一切尽在不言中”。
屏幕上她为专心读书的丈夫扇扇子的情景，令我万分感慨。
专四作文材料作文7篇专四作文材料作文篇1炊烟袅袅，掩不住尘埃落定；泉水潺潺，道不尽风沙流年。
在跌宕起伏的九曲人生中，只有俯身大地，成为一方沃土，才能宁静致远仰观万里长空。
俯身大地，是一种姿态，更是一种心态。
倘若你能扎根于生活的土壤，不去做那漂浮不定的土壤，不去做那漂浮不定的尘埃，你的生活也将如骀荡春风。
俯身，就像一座山，近之愈觉其高，又似一部书，读之愈觉其深，蕴含着广博的人生智慧，只有怀着一颗低姿态的心，俯下身去，才能打造人格的最高素养，追溯灵魂的最高境界。
你可知谦谦君子温润如玉的姿态，君子的高贵就在于甘于俯下身去，在广袤的大地上仰望星空。
中国画史上最著名的画、书、印三绝的齐白石亦是一位低姿态的谦谦君子，文人相轻是同行的通病，而他却永怀谦卑之心，以低姿态视已。
张大千办画展时，他第一个去捧场，他崇拜同行的三位画家，以诗明志，我愿九泉为走狗，三家门下转轮来.如此低姿态，令人肃然起敬。
也正是由于他甘愿附身于大地，做那一方土壤，而不是选择做漂浮的尘埃，才使他如此成绩斐然，无处不洋溢着君子的大师的风范。
自古以来，凡俯身于大地者，终将会在大地上崛起，古有刘邦俯首称沛公，终得猛士守四方成就霸业，今有季羡林摘去三顶桂冠打造自己人格的最高素养；古有韩信甘受一时胯下之辱，一朝崛起终雪恨，今有林志玲弯腰数十次拍照赢得人气爆棚。
他们都俯下身看到了大地，而没有做漂浮游荡的尘埃，他们的低姿态注定让他们在沧桑历史中，含笑一腔，温暖如初，将岁月打磨成人生枝头最美的风景。
就像莫言所说：我很好，不吵不闹不炫耀，不要委屈，不要嘲笑，也不需要别人知道。
就这样俯下身去，化身为土壤，才能永存于世界。
相反，如果选择做漂浮无定的尘埃，就只能被人们遗忘于世。
生命，是一树的花开。
只有俯下身去，才能感受到生如夏花之灿烂，死如秋叶之静美的意境，才能安然地仰望满天繁星。
专四作文材料作文篇2阅读下面的材料，从中选择一个角度构思立意，自拟题目，写一篇文章，可叙述经历，可抒发情感，可发表议论。
2020年石狮市第一中学高三语文月考试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
守灵之夜[法]莫泊桑她去世时并无痛苦，就像一生无可指责的女人那样平静地死去。
现在她的脸纹丝不动，闭着双眼躺在床她那银白色长发梳理得很精心，好像刚刚打扮过。
苍白的面容非常宁静、安详、虔诫。
显然，这躯壳里的灵魂多么的温顺。
心地纯洁的老妇人度过的一生是多么的安谧。
这个贤淑的妇人死得一定从容不迫，问心无愧，这是善良妇人的命运。
她的儿子——知名的执法严厉的法官，跪在床边。
他的姐姐欧拉莉娅，出家做了修女。
他们已经泣不成声。
从儿时起，母亲教他们养成坚定的道德品质，本着严格的宗教教义精神培养他们，按着无条件执行义务的精神培养他们。
他，儿子，做了法官，握着法律宝剑，无情地惩治那些走入歧途的败类。
她，女儿，在这个家教严格的家庭中，熏陶出高尚品德，由于憎恨人类犯错而把自己的一生献给上帝。
他们全然不记得自己的父亲，只知道他给母亲带来不幸。
修女发狂般吻着死者垂下的手，一只像躺在床上的耶稣圣像的象牙色的手，另一只手还保持临终前抓床单的姿势。
不知放在什么地方的座钟，在黑暗中有节奏地发出嘀嗒声。
一阵关于草和树林的柔和的气息，伴着淡淡的月光从开着的窗户飘进来。
偶尔听到青蛙的聒噪声，有时，夜间昆虫像子弹一样飞进窗口，撞在墙上，发出嗡嗡的叫声。
此外，村中一片寂静。
一种神秘的倦意和安详的平静笼罩着死者。
好像一切都是由她身上发出的，使万物都安静下来。
法官一直跪在床前，头埋在被子里，用一种低沉的、令人心碎的声音，呼唤着：“妈妈！妈妈！”姐姐则仆倒在地上，浑身抽搐，像癫痫发作似的，全身颤抖，呻吟：“主啊！主啊！妈妈，主啊！”俩人悲痛欲绝，哭得喘不上气来，声音都嘶哑了。
很久之后，他们站起来，又悲痛地看着刚刚故去的亲人。
遥远的回忆，昨天的欢乐，而今如此痛楚的回忆，又浮现在他们的脑海里。
他们想起了她的音容笑貌，想起她生活中的各个片断情景，她再也不能和他们说话了。
文言文双文本阅读：成功之道，赢缩为宝（附答案解析与译文）阅读下面的文言文，完成10-14题。
材料一：逆节萌生，天地未形，先为之政①，其事乃不成。
天因人，圣人因天。
天时不作勿为客②，人事不起勿为始。
人先生之，天地刑之，圣人成之，则与天同极。
未得天极，则隐于德；已得天极，则致其力。
既成其功，顺守其从，人不能代。
成功之道，赢缩为宝。
毋亡③天极，究数而止。
事若未成，毋改其形，毋失其始，静民观时，待令而起。
故曰：修阴阳．．之从，而道天地之常。
赢赢缩缩，因而为当；死死生生④，因天地之形。
天地之形，圣人成之。
小取者小利，大取者大利，尽行之者有天下。
贤者诚信以仁之，其所处者，柔安静乐，行德而不争。
故贤者柔节先定行于不敢而立于不能守弱节而坚处之。
故不犯天时，不乱民功，秉．时养人，先德后刑，顺于天，微度人。
（节选自《管子·势》）材料二：凡战，所谓势者，乘势也。
晋武帝密有灭吴之计，而朝议多违，惟羊祜、杜预、张华与帝意合。
祜病，举预自代。
及祜卒，拜预镇南大将军，预乃启请伐吴之期。
帝报待明年方欲大举。
预上表曰：“凡事当以利害相较，今此举十有八九之利，而其害一二，止于无功耳。
朝臣言破败之形，亦不可得，直是计不出己，功不在身，各耻其前言之失，故违之耳。
自秋以来，讨贼之形颇露。
若今中止，孙皓怖而生计，则明年之计或无所及矣。
”时帝与张华围棋，而预表适．至。
华推枰⑤敛手．．曰：“陛下圣明神武，国富兵强。
吴王淫虐，诛杀贤能，当今讨之，可不劳而定。
”帝乃许之。
预多张旗帜，起火巴山，出于要害之地，以夺贼心。
时诸将会议，或曰：“今大暑，水潦方降，疾疫将起，宜伺来冬，更为大举。
”预曰：“今兵威已振，譬如破竹，数节之后，皆迎刃而解，无复着手处也。
”遂指授群帅，径造秣陵，所过城邑，莫不束手，遂平孙皓。
（节选自《百战奇略》）【注】①政：通“征”，征伐、征讨。
②客：起兵伐人者谓之客。
③亡：通“忘”。
④死生：犹隐显也。
⑤枰：棋盘。
10．材料一中画波浪线的部分有三处需要断句，请用铅笔将答题卡上相应位置的答案标号涂黑，每涂对一处给1分，涂黑超过三处不给分。
2020-2021学年南昌市第二十一中学高三语文第四次联考试题及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
所谓“直觉”，即未经逻辑推理而得的认知，是将“自己置于对象之内”，交融于对象之中的体悟，“此是置心在物中，究见其理”。
“直觉思维”，是相对于“逻辑思维”而言的。
它不需概念、判断、推理等逻辑形式，不需对外界事物进行分析，而是凭借主体的神秘的自觉、灵感、体验、感悟，在瞬间直接把握事物的本质。
中国作为逻辑学的三大发祥地之一，早在春秋战国时期就有了丰富多彩的逻辑思想、逻辑理论，它们表现在惠施、公孙龙、后期墨家、荀况、韩非等人的著述中。
但由于政治、文化、环境等因素的影响，逻辑在中国古代并未发展成为一门独立的学科，也并未成为人们思维方式的主流。
中国的传统思维方式特别重视的是经验，而分析性的逻辑则被排斥在主流之外，逻辑思维在中国始终不发达。
相反，直觉思维则有长足的发展和广阔的市场。
在中国古代，道家、佛教以及儒家都特别重视直觉思维。
直觉思维是一种创造性的思维，能有效地突破认识的程式化，为思维的发挥提供灵活的想象空间，对于伦理学、美学、文学、艺术学等学科的发展具有积极的影响；甚至对于注重实证的自然科学而言，直觉思维亦有其用武之地。
比如，居里夫人之发现放射性元素钋和镭，其中就不乏“大胆的直觉”。
科学史家乔治•萨顿曾经敏锐地指出，“科学知识不只是理性的，其中有相当比重是体力的和直觉的”。
著名科学家钱学森亦尝明言，“光靠形象思维和抽象思维不能创造，不能突破；要创造要突破，得有灵感”。
物理学家汤川秀树热情展望，“如果我们更加注意直觉或大胆的想象，来作为不可避免的抽象化趋势的一种补充，基础物理学的又一次返老还童就是可以期望的”。
直觉思维在思维过程中没有中间推理阶段，不进行逻辑论证就直接得出结论，具有直接性、自发性、非逻辑性等特点。
虽然说直觉思维具有逻辑思维不能替代的优势与特质，但同时又不得不指出的是，直觉思维重灵感、轻逻辑，重体验、轻思辨，重直觉、轻论证，容易导致思维的模糊和不严密，不利于思维向形式化、定量化发展，容易导致经验主义、教条主义，还有可能妨碍自然科学的发展。
阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
①“意象”是中国传统美学的核心范畴。
以“意象”为本体的中国美学，根本不同于西方的实体论哲学与美学，它不是将美看作实体的属性，看成是外在于人的情感意识的实体性对象，而是看成主体与客体、心与物、情与景的统一。
②意象作为一个审美范畴的提出，与中国古代艺术实践密不可分，意象范畴亦是对中国古代各门艺术美感与实践经验的总结。
中国书法是“本乎天地之心”的艺术，它是一个意象世界。
这种意象创造可以从书法形意结合、重视笔力气势和线的表现力，讲究留白以及在字势结构与点画形态的表现上充分体现出来。
中国戏曲艺术是诗、舞、乐与舞台表现的有机结合，它不像西方演剧观那样以演员角色为中心，而是以舞台形象创造的美、所达到的艺术品位和艺术境界为中心，以程式化、虚拟化的舞台表现为中心，重视抒情写意。
另如中国的音乐、中国的舞蹈、中国的绘画、中国的建筑，它们都不像西方传统艺术那样，以形式和形象模拟为中心，而是以形写神，情景融合、虚实相生，传达宇宙人生的生命与生气，所以在本质上也是一种意象创造的艺术。
③“意象”作为美和艺术本体的构成，反映了中国古代美学和艺术的特色，它也可以作为一个现代美学和艺术范畴，进入到现代人的视野中。
以海德格尔为代表的存在论现象学解读的“美”，即是从显现的、在场的东西让你体会到背后无限不在场的东西，这与中国意象美学的精神是相通的。
比如，刘长卿的著名诗篇——“日暮苍山远，天寒白屋贫。
柴门闻犬吠，风雪夜归人”，从诗的表层和字面意义上看，它写的是一个傍晚，一间茅屋被苍茫的远山包围，这时，守门的狗叫了，一个人踏着风雪归来。
但这首诗所唤起的东西显然远不止这些。
这就是意象之美的魅力所在，它让你从看到的东西中体会到未看到的东西，从说到的东西体会到未说到的东西，让你的心灵与古人相通、与人性相通，使你的生活充满诗意。
④“艺术的最高境界就是让人动心，让人们的灵魂经受洗礼，让人们发现自然的美、生活的美、心灵的美。
本期参考答案及解析作者：来源：《中学生阅读·初中·中考》2020年第10期《备考特别行动》参考答案及解析《富贵不能淫》阅读题河南省试题 1.（1）行冠礼（2）遵从（2分，每小题1分，意思对即可。
） 2.（他们）一发怒，诸侯就都害怕;（他们）安静下来，天下就平安无事。
（2分，意思对即可。
）3.①使用反问，以不可辩驳的语气否定景春的观点;②使用排比（反复），阐明大丈夫的精神实质及特点，义正词严，气势磅礴。
（4分，每点2分，意思对即可。
）4.能。
①为茶民和小吏着想，讲仁德，有仁心;②焚诏（抗诏），不惧权势。
[2分，每点1分，意思对即可。
【解析】本题考查学生对文段内容的理解情况。
根据语段（一）可知，“大丈夫”应该包括三个方面的特征：坚守仁、礼、义的基本原则;无论得志与否，都要坚守原则;在面对贫贱、富贵、威武等情况时，都能坚守原则，不动摇、不改变。
根据语段（二）“吾敢爱一身，移暴于民乎？亦不使罪尔曹”“即自焚之”等语句可以看出，何易于为茶民和小吏着想，体现了语段（一）中“仁”“义”的特点;不惧自己获罪，体现了“威武不能屈”的特点。
因此，何易于能称得上“大丈夫”。
山东滨州市试题 1.D（3分） 2.B（3分） 3.（1）得志的时候，与百姓一同遵循正道而行;不得志的時候，独自走自己的道路。
（2）中行氏用对待一般人的态度对待我，所以我用一般人的行为报答他;智伯用对待国士的态度对待我，所以我用国士的行为报答他。
（4分，每句2分，意思对即可。
） 4.谆谆然/而告之曰（2分） 5.（1）妾妇之道（1分）（2）济国之士（1分）（3）人物：钟南山（或李兰娟等）事迹：略。
（3分，人名1分，事迹2分，具体写事迹或概括事迹均可。
）广东省试题 1.A（3分） 2.（1）（他们）一发怒，诸侯就都害怕;（他们）安静下来，天下便平安无事。
（2分）（2）站在天下（最）正确的位置——礼，走着天下（最）正确的道路——义。
星期2 TuesdayNothing is impossible to a willing heart. 心之所愿，无事不成。
Text AMaybe your youth group has talked about taking everyone to the mountains this winter for their annual ski trip. You can’t wait to go… But there’s just one little thing: you’ve never snowboarded before!Well, have no fear. If we were sitting next to each other on the bus ride into the mountains, here’s what I’d tell you:If you can, learn when the snow is soft. I know snowboarding on fresh snow isn’t always an option, but you’re going to be falling like crazy during the first weekend. Since you’re desired to fall, the question becom es: Would you rather fall on concrete or a down comforter? There’s that much of a difference, so try boarding right after a snowstorm.Ride the high-speed detachable lifts. All the big resorts have them: high-speed detachable quad lifts that slow to a crawl just before you drop your seat into the bench. The older double-chair-lifts and triple-chair-lifts are harder to deal with because they don’t slow down when you get on. It’s also much easier disembarking from a high-speed detachable quad when you reach t he top because the lift slows way down. You’ll also frustrate yourself by riding pomas and T-bras, so avoid them as well.You should also beg, borrow or steal wrist guards and a helmet. Well, don’t steal them, but wrist guards should be standard equipment for beginner snowboarders. Most broken bones happen when boarders try to break their fall by sticking their arms out, but this maneuver often results injuries. And, of course, you’ve got to protect your head.Learn to fall the right way. Since falling is a given, learn to fall in the right way. When you feel yourself starting to lose your balance, get as low as possible —almost like you’re sliding into second base. Let your body absorb the blow. Bend your knees while resisting the urge to stick out your ar ms to break your fall. If you can “get down” the moment you feel yourself losing your balance, you’ll probably crash without experiencing injury.Get good instruction. I am all for friends-teaching their friends, but sometimes it’s best to leave the instruction to the professionals. Friends may be great boarders but horrible instructors, and many can’t tell you what you’re doing wrong.If you can afford it, take a snowboard class from the local ski school. Snowboard instruction has improved a lot in the last few years. While some people want to figure it out on their own, but I still recommend a class for the first day or two.Don’t get discouraged. You can count on the first day being the worst day. Everyone has ahard time at first, but the good news is that snowboarding has a really fast learning curve, especially compared to skiing and surfing. You should feel tremendous progress by the end of first day or second day.Well, there you have it. Snowboarding’s a great sport, and you’re going to get hooked. J ust be sure to give yourself a few days to adjust to making your board carve those big turns.1. Why should beginners try snowboarding right after a snowstorm?[A] Because that may prevent them from getting seriously injured.[B] Because they will fall on snow just like falling on the concrete.[C] Because they can learn how to board faster.[D] Because the weather is best for them to learn snowboarding.2. Which lift would be better for a beginner?[A] Double-chair-lifts. [B] T-bars.[C] Triple-chair-lifts. [D] Quad lifts.3. The author seems to disapprove that[A] beginners must fall down many times during the first week.[B] beginners should have standard equipments.[C] when you lose your balance, you should protect your head.[D] when you lose your balance, you should stretch out your arms.4. When you decide to learn snowboarding, you’d better[A] practice on down comforter.[B] ask for help from your friends.[C] attend a snowboard class.[D] practice on concrete.5. “…the good news is…compared to skiing and surfing” in Para. 9 means[A] to learn surfing is slower than to learn snowboarding.[B] to learn skiing is easier than to learn snowboarding.[C] to learn surfing is faster than to learn skiing.[D] to learn snowboarding is slower than to learn surfing.6. What is the author’s attitude towards snowboarding?[A] Indifferent. [B] Approving.[C] Negative. [D] Objective.Text BThe Masters of Business Administration (MBA), the best-known business school label, is an introduction to general management. The traditional MBA, Harvard style, has remained largely unaltered since the 1950s, and seeks to provide a thorough knowledge of business functions through the case study — a feature incidentally borrowed from law school. In a similar fashion to law school, the graduate management programs train students to think in a particular way, ultimately teaching future business leaders how to analyze problems quickly and contrive concise solutions. However, business comprises more than merely manipulating numbers or sourcing rational answers to problems. Today, both companies and schools are increasingly aware that business is a human activity; it’s ultimately by and about people.John Quelch is a business school insider who detects the limitations of the traditional syllabus. According to Quelch, leadership is an area that schools have not fully addressed. “The basictechnical training managers need is more widespread. But leadership skills are in short supply. This could become a major constraint on the speed with which multinational companies can expand,” he says.Leadership is notoriously hard to teach, but programs do have the capacity to provide a grounding in non-business areas and personal growth. “You want to produce graduates w ho will be effective. To do this, they need to know their own skills. Our job is not only to cram finance down their throats, but helps develop them as people,” explains Leo Murray, director of Cranfield School of Management in the U.K.Cranfield uses philosophy in its core, which since 1997 has offered an evening lecture series including both Aristotelian and present-day thinking. Self-awareness is crucial at the school, which will grant the theme even more space. “These issues help people think,” states M urray. The better you understand yourself, goes the logic, the better you can manage others. The Said Business School (SBS) at Oxford University champions a more integrated approach. John Kay, SBS director, is keen to leverage the intellectual might of the wider university. Access to faculty from other disciplines including philosophy, politics and economics, he believes, could give SBS an edge over other school. These are surely steps in the right direction. But there is more. In future, developing a gut instinct for business may be as important as understanding the figures. To create an MBA to meet the challenges of the 21st century business schools will have to try harder, and they know it.7. Which quality of today’s MBA is highly valued?[A] A thorough knowledge of business functions.[B] The ability to do case study.[C] The capacity of manipulating numbers.[D] Something other than technical training.8. What is the main restriction on the development of multinational companies?[A] Traditional syllable.[B] Unawareness of business schools.[C] Lacking in leadership skill training.[D] Basic technical training.9. According to Leo Murry, how can schools provide more effective graduate?[A] By teaching them leadership.[B] By knowing their skills.[C] By cramming down finance.[D] By developing them as individuals.10. Cranfield offers evening lecture series on philosophy to[A] teach philosophical implications of finance theories.[B] promote the candidates’ leadership.[C] test a more integrated approach to MBA education.[D] compete with the Said Business School.11. According to the passage, the author believes that[A] traditional MBA programs stress the candidates’ working experience.[B] technical training alone is inadequate for today’s business leaders.[C] leadership can never be taught in MBA programs.[D] a gut instinct for business is unreliable in decision-making.Text CRight-hand rings are the new assertion of female freedom.As soon as journalists start writing about advertising campaigns, you know the ads are working.In the United States right now, you can hardly open a magazine without reading about the “latest trend in jewellery” — the right-hand diamond ring.According to these news items, economically independent women, like the ones seen on Sex and the City, are no longer waiting for a man to buy them a rock for the ring finger of their left hand. Married or not, they are buying their own diamonds, and wearing them on the right hand as a symbol of their independence.Sales of rings are indeed up, but not all (and maybe none) of this should be traced to a new wave in feminist thinking.In fact, the trend can be traced to September 2003, when the giant De Beers diamond company launched a massive advertising campa ign across the US called “Women of the World, Raise Your Right Hand”.According to the ads, which appear in top-ten magazines such as Vogue, wearing a diamond on the right hand means you are independent and free.Obviously, the idea is to get well-paid women to buy their own diamonds, something they traditionally do not do. But in recent months Sarah Jessica Parker, from Sex and the City, has been spotted with a monster-sized right-hand ring, as has newly separated Halle Berry. Female band Destiny’s Child wrote a song about their right-hand rings, with the lyrics: “I buy my own diamonds, I buy my own rings. The rock I’m rocking, I bought it for me.”The idea of using feminism to sell stuff to women is not new. Before cigarette advertising was banned, Virginia Slims tried, through advertising, to link smoking with female independence. It worked: more women took up the habit.The De Beers campaign is also working. In a recent magazine article, writer Hermione Eyre announced the “beginning of a revolution” in the diamond trade, saying: “(The ads) mark the creation of the Me-Ring, as brilliant and expensive as an engagement ring, only symbolizing independence, not alliance. It is a token of love from you to yourself.”But not everybody agrees. Women of the world are putting out their right hands, with credit cards attached. Maybe it proves only one thing: men can’t tell these women what to do, but marketers certainly can.12. What is the basic reason to increase the sales of diamond rings?[A] F eminism asserts that it’s female freedom to wear right-hand rings.[B] Jewellery company uses the ad to trigger the new trend.[C] More well-paid women can afford their own diamonds.[D] Some pop actresses lead the women to follow the trend.13. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?[A] Wearing rings on right hand is related to female independence.[B] Jewellery companies promoted their diamonds in top-ten magazines.[C] Advertisers make efforts to get traditional women to buy their product.[D] Many pop female stars can serve as the spokeswomen for the trend.14. By mentioning cigarette advertising, the author intends to[A] imply that advertising can affect consumers profoundly.[B] contrast the ads influence by jewellery and cigarette ads.[C] show that The De Beer is as competitive t as Virginia Slims.[D] reveal that pop music fans are also subject to smoking.15. What’s the main point of the passage?[A] Right-hand rings are symbols of female independence.[B] Publications like magazines can steer fashion.[C] Marketers use ads to exert a subtle influence on consumers.[D] Pop entertainers play the leading role in female consuming.Text DTitanic, the largest vessel in the world, entered service in 1912. It was said that the builders and own ers of Titanic claimed that she was “practically unsinkable”. However, as soon as the waves of North Atlantic closed over the Titanic, its disastrous destiny began. It sank on 15 April 1912, with the loss of the 1503 passengers and crew. From then on, the myth began surrounding her design, construction and trans-atlantic voyage. Today, the Titanic disaster is a classic tale, a modern folk tale.Though it sank, the steel and coal from the Titanic have been transformed into a new line of luxury wristwatches that claim to capture the essence of the legendary ocean liner which sank in 1912.Geneva watchmaker Romain Jerome SA billed its “Titanic-DNA” collection as among the most exclusive pieces showcased this week at Baselworld, the watch and jewellery industry’s largest annual trade fair.“It is very luxurious and very inaccessible,” said Yvan Arpa, chief executive of the three-year-old company that hopes the limited edition watches will attract both collectors and luxury goods buyers. “So many rich people buy in credibly complicated watches without understanding how they work, because they want a story to tell,” he said. “To them we offer a story.” The North Atlantic wreck site of the Titanic, which hit an iceberg and sank on its first voyage from the English port of Southampton to New York, have been protected for more than a decade but many relics were taken in early diving expeditions.Romain Jerome said it purchased a piece of the hull weighing about 1.5 kg (3 pounds) that was retrieved in 1991, but declined to identify the seller. The metal has been certified as authentic by the Titanic’s builders Harland and Wolff. To make the watches, which were offered for sale for the first time in Basel for between $7,800 and $173,100, the Swiss company created an alloy using the thick flat pieces from the Titanic with steel being used in a Harland and Wolff duplicate of the vessel. The gold, platinum and steel time pieces have black dial faces made of lacquer(亮漆) paint that includes coal recovered from the remains of the Titanic wreck site, offered for sale by the U.S. company RMS Titanic Inc.Arpa said the combination of new and old materials saturated the watches with a sense of renewal, instead of representing a reminder of the 1,500 passengers who drowned when the ocean liner met her tragic end off the coast of Newfoundland. “It is a message of hope, of life stronger than death, of rebirth,” he said in an interview in Romain Jerome’s exposition booth in Base l, where more than 2,100 exhibitors are showing their latest wares amid a boom for the luxury goods sector. The company will make 2,012 watches to coincide with the centenary anniversary of the Titanic’s sinking in 2012.Arpa also said the young watchmaker would unveil a new series next year commemoratinganother famous legend, but declined to offer clues of what is to come. “For a new brand, you have to find something different to be interesting,” he said. Asked if the next collection would be based on Sco tland’s legendary Loch Ness monster, he smiled and said:“Ooh. Have you found it?”16. The purpose of paragraph one is[A] to describe the luxury of Titanic.[B] to arouse reader’s interest in the “unsinkable” vessel.[C] to criticize the builders and owners for their dishonesty.[D] to lead readers to the theme of the luxurious watches.17. According to paragraph 2, the wristwatches[A] are made out of fragments of Titanic.[B] are the most expensive pieces in the exposition.[C] have the essence of the legendary Titanic.[D] have some connection with the sunk Titanic.18. What does the wristwatch serve as?[A] A reminder of the people died in the disaster.[B] An indication of hopefulness.[C] A commemoration of the centenary anniversary.[D] A symbol of wealth and status.19. What can we learn from Arpa’s words in the last paragraph?[A] People have already found what the next series would be.[B] Scotland’s legendary Loch Ness monster is an interesting legend.[C] We can’t get any clues about the new series from chief executive Arpa.[D] Romain Jerome was intending to base the next collection on Loch Ness monster.20. From the passage, we can infer that[A] Titanic is the largest vessel in the world.[B] The luxury wristwatches are of limited number.[C] Romain Jerome must make a fortune from the watch.[D] many relics of Titanic were taken in early diving expeditions.语境词汇Text A1. detachable a.可拆卸的，可分离的2. disembark vt.＆vi.（从车等上面）下来；登录3. maneuver n.行动；策略；阴谋vt.＆vi..调动；演习；耍阴谋4. given n.注定要发生的事a.规定的prep.考虑到(某事物)5. be all for sth 完全赞成某事6. hook vt.引…上钩：get hooked 对…上瘾n.钩子Text B1. contrive vt.发明，设计；谋划；设法做到2. detect vt.发现，发觉；查明3. syllabus n.教学大纲4. address vt.致力于…n.地址；演说5. notoriously ad.众所周知地；恶名昭彰地6. leverage vt.促使…改变5. edge n.优势；刀刃；边缘v.挤进6. gut a.本能的n.肠子，内脏；[常pl.]胆量Text C1. assertion n.断言，主张2. be traced to 追溯到…3. launch v.发起，开办4. separate v.夫妻分居；分开a.分开的，各自的5. lyric n.歌词6. stuff n.产品，商品；原料；东西7. token n.象征Text D1. close over 淹没，覆盖2. showcase vt.陈列，使亮相n.玻璃陈列柜3. retrieve vt.复得，收回4. authentic a.真实的，可信的5. saturate vt.使充满，浸透6. renewal n.更新，复活难句突破Text A1. The older double-chair-lifts and triple-chair-lifts are harder to deal with because they don’t slow down when you get on.【分析】复合句。
英语励志名言警句摘选All things are difficult before they are easy。
万事开头难。
Constant dripping wears away the stone。
锲而不舍，金石可镂。
The first blow is half the battle。
良好的开端是成功的一半。
The ___n who has ___de up his mind to win will never say "impossible "。
(Bonaparte Napoleon ,French emperor )凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说"不可能的"。
( 法国皇帝拿破仑。
B。
)All things in their being are good for something。
天生我才必有用。
Difficult circumstan ___s serve as a textbook of life for people。
困难坎坷是人们的生活 ___。
Failure is the mother of suess。
-- Tho ___s Paine失败乃成功之母。
For ___n is ___n and ___ster of his fate。
人就是人，是自己命运的主人。
There is no such thing as a great talent without great will - power。
-- Balzac没有伟大的意志力，便没有雄才大略。
-- 巴尔扎克The good sea ___n is known in bad weather。
惊涛骇浪，方显英雄本色Behind every suessful ___n there's a lot u unsuessful years。
- Bob Brown每个成功者的后面都有很多不成功的岁月。
2020届延庆区体育运动学校高三语文第四次联考试卷及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
庄子说,“小知不及大知,小年不及大年”,那么逍遥是否就是超越小知小年,突破限制?庄子在《齐物论》篇中又说“大知闲闲,小知间间”,“天下莫大于秋毫之末,而太山为小;莫寿于殇子,而彭祖为夭。
”似乎又要反对执著追求大知大年了,然则我们应如何了解庄子的意思?“逍遥”,自然是指对任何依待与条件的超越和破除。
然而这理解只是初步的。
从客观的现实世界来看,任何事情都必然是已被置于因果网络之中。
而所有现实存在又皆有其实际条件之依待,有果必有所依之因。
要说有待,一切事物都是有待的,就算列子御风亦有待于风。
那么,庄子所讲的破除依待是如何可能的?郭象《庄子注》认为,逍遥之义必须从圣人的修养境界上立言。
逍遥所描述的是心灵观照宇宙万物的境界,而非对客观外在世界的经验描述。
放在境界上讲,则“一逍遥一切逍遥”,宇宙万物从逍遥境界观照而言都自尔而独化,自生自在。
这种观照的境界,乃一艺术境界,而非道德修养境界。
这种境界即道家无己、无功、无名的“去碍”,从而达致庄子所言“鱼相忘于江湖,人相忘于道术”,一种含真抱朴、各适其性、天机自张的道家之境。
所以,从无待逍遥而言,则大鹏小鸟皆同。
郭象说:“则虽大鹏无以自贵于小鸟,小鸟无羡于天池,而荣愿有余矣。
故小大虽殊,逍遥一也。
”然而这里或会产生一个问题:反观《逍遥游》的文本里,庄子似乎有意抬高大鹏列子彭祖大椿,而贬低斥鹞宋荣朝茵蟪蛄,即庄子所说“小知不及大知,小年不及大年”,这岂不是与郭注“各适自性,逍遥一也”的说法矛盾吗? 郭象认为,这当中不仅没有矛盾,而且还透露了庄子的精义。
因为在庄子那里,所谓大小、长短、夭寿、高下之差乃是由于对待比较而成,是我们成心的知见。
正是由于出自比较,则小年固然不及大年,然而大年却永远可以有一“更大之年”去与它相比,则大年亦成小年了。
星期2 TuesdayNothing is impossible to a willing heart. 心之所愿，无事不成。
Text AMaybe your youth group has talked about taking everyone to the mountains this winter for their annual ski trip. You can’t wait to go… But there’s just one little thing: you’ve never snowboarded before!Well, have no fear. If we were sitting next to each other on the bus ride into the mountains, here’s what I’d tell you:If you can, learn when the snow is soft. I know snowboarding on fresh snow isn’t always an option, but you’re going to be falling like crazy during the first weekend. Since you’re desired to fall, the question becom es: Would you rather fall on concrete or a down comforter? There’s that much of a difference, so try boarding right after a snowstorm.Ride the high-speed detachable lifts. All the big resorts have them: high-speed detachable quad lifts that slow to a crawl just before you drop your seat into the bench. The older double-chair-lifts and triple-chair-lifts are harder to deal with because they don’t slow down when you get on. It’s also much easier disembarking from a high-speed detachable quad when you reach t he top because the lift slows way down. You’ll also frustrate yourself by riding pomas and T-bras, so avoid them as well.You should also beg, borrow or steal wrist guards and a helmet. Well, don’t steal them, but wrist guards should be standard equipment for beginner snowboarders. Most broken bones happen when boarders try to break their fall by sticking their arms out, but this maneuver often results injuries. And, of course, you’ve got to protect your head.Learn to fall the right way. Since falling is a given, learn to fall in the right way. When you feel yourself starting to lose your balance, get as low as possible —almost like you’re sliding into second base. Let your body absorb the blow. Bend your knees while resisting the urge to stick out your ar ms to break your fall. If you can “get down” the moment you feel yourself losing your balance, you’ll probably crash without experiencing injury.Get good instruction. I am all for friends-teaching their friends, but sometimes it’s best to leave the instruction to the professionals. Friends may be great boarders but horrible instructors, and many can’t tell you what you’re doing wrong.If you can afford it, take a snowboard class from the local ski school. Snowboard instruction has improved a lot in the last few years. While some people want to figure it out on their own, but I still recommend a class for the first day or two.Don’t get discouraged. You can count on the first day being the worst day. Everyone has ahard time at first, but the good news is that snowboarding has a really fast learning curve, especially compared to skiing and surfing. You should feel tremendous progress by the end of first day or second day.Well, there you have it. Snowboarding’s a great sport, and you’re going to get hooked. J ust be sure to give yourself a few days to adjust to making your board carve those big turns.1. Why should beginners try snowboarding right after a snowstorm?[A] Because that may prevent them from getting seriously injured.[B] Because they will fall on snow just like falling on the concrete.[C] Because they can learn how to board faster.[D] Because the weather is best for them to learn snowboarding.2. Which lift would be better for a beginner?[A] Double-chair-lifts. [B] T-bars.[C] Triple-chair-lifts. [D] Quad lifts.3. The author seems to disapprove that[A] beginners must fall down many times during the first week.[B] beginners should have standard equipments.[C] when you lose your balance, you should protect your head.[D] when you lose your balance, you should stretch out your arms.4. When you decide to learn snowboarding, you’d better[A] practice on down comforter.[B] ask for help from your friends.[C] attend a snowboard class.[D] practice on concrete.5. “…the good news is…compared to skiing and surfing” in Para. 9 means[A] to learn surfing is slower than to learn snowboarding.[B] to learn skiing is easier than to learn snowboarding.[C] to learn surfing is faster than to learn skiing.[D] to learn snowboarding is slower than to learn surfing.6. What is the author’s attitude towards snowboarding?[A] Indifferent. [B] Approving.[C] Negative. [D] Objective.Text BThe Masters of Business Administration (MBA), the best-known business school label, is an introduction to general management. The traditional MBA, Harvard style, has remained largely unaltered since the 1950s, and seeks to provide a thorough knowledge of business functions through the case study — a feature incidentally borrowed from law school. In a similar fashion to law school, the graduate management programs train students to think in a particular way, ultimately teaching future business leaders how to analyze problems quickly and contrive concise solutions. However, business comprises more than merely manipulating numbers or sourcing rational answers to problems. Today, both companies and schools are increasingly aware that business is a human activity; it’s ultimately by and about people.John Quelch is a business school insider who detects the limitations of the traditional syllabus. According to Quelch, leadership is an area that schools have not fully addressed. “The basictechnical training managers need is more widespread. But leadership skills are in short supply. This could become a major constraint on the speed with which multinational companies can expand,” he says.Leadership is notoriously hard to teach, but programs do have the capacity to provide a grounding in non-business areas and personal growth. “You want to produce graduates w ho will be effective. To do this, they need to know their own skills. Our job is not only to cram finance down their throats, but helps develop them as people,” explains Leo Murray, director of Cranfield School of Management in the U.K.Cranfield uses philosophy in its core, which since 1997 has offered an evening lecture series including both Aristotelian and present-day thinking. Self-awareness is crucial at the school, which will grant the theme even more space. “These issues help people think,” states M urray. The better you understand yourself, goes the logic, the better you can manage others. The Said Business School (SBS) at Oxford University champions a more integrated approach. John Kay, SBS director, is keen to leverage the intellectual might of the wider university. Access to faculty from other disciplines including philosophy, politics and economics, he believes, could give SBS an edge over other school. These are surely steps in the right direction. But there is more. In future, developing a gut instinct for business may be as important as understanding the figures. To create an MBA to meet the challenges of the 21st century business schools will have to try harder, and they know it.7. Which quality of today’s MBA is highly valued?[A] A thorough knowledge of business functions.[B] The ability to do case study.[C] The capacity of manipulating numbers.[D] Something other than technical training.8. What is the main restriction on the development of multinational companies?[A] Traditional syllable.[B] Unawareness of business schools.[C] Lacking in leadership skill training.[D] Basic technical training.9. According to Leo Murry, how can schools provide more effective graduate?[A] By teaching them leadership.[B] By knowing their skills.[C] By cramming down finance.[D] By developing them as individuals.10. Cranfield offers evening lecture series on philosophy to[A] teach philosophical implications of finance theories.[B] promote the candidates’ leadership.[C] test a more integrated approach to MBA education.[D] compete with the Said Business School.11. According to the passage, the author believes that[A] traditional MBA programs stress the candidates’ working experience.[B] technical training alone is inadequate for today’s business leaders.[C] leadership can never be taught in MBA programs.[D] a gut instinct for business is unreliable in decision-making.Text CRight-hand rings are the new assertion of female freedom.As soon as journalists start writing about advertising campaigns, you know the ads are working.In the United States right now, you can hardly open a magazine without reading about the “latest trend in jewellery” — the right-hand diamond ring.According to these news items, economically independent women, like the ones seen on Sex and the City, are no longer waiting for a man to buy them a rock for the ring finger of their left hand. Married or not, they are buying their own diamonds, and wearing them on the right hand as a symbol of their independence.Sales of rings are indeed up, but not all (and maybe none) of this should be traced to a new wave in feminist thinking.In fact, the trend can be traced to September 2003, when the giant De Beers diamond company launched a massive advertising campa ign across the US called “Women of the World, Raise Your Right Hand”.According to the ads, which appear in top-ten magazines such as Vogue, wearing a diamond on the right hand means you are independent and free.Obviously, the idea is to get well-paid women to buy their own diamonds, something they traditionally do not do. But in recent months Sarah Jessica Parker, from Sex and the City, has been spotted with a monster-sized right-hand ring, as has newly separated Halle Berry. Female band Destiny’s Child wrote a song about their right-hand rings, with the lyrics: “I buy my own diamonds, I buy my own rings. The rock I’m rocking, I bought it for me.”The idea of using feminism to sell stuff to women is not new. Before cigarette advertising was banned, Virginia Slims tried, through advertising, to link smoking with female independence. It worked: more women took up the habit.The De Beers campaign is also working. In a recent magazine article, writer Hermione Eyre announced the “beginning of a revolution” in the diamond trade, saying: “(The ads) mark the creation of the Me-Ring, as brilliant and expensive as an engagement ring, only symbolizing independence, not alliance. It is a token of love from you to yourself.”But not everybody agrees. Women of the world are putting out their right hands, with credit cards attached. Maybe it proves only one thing: men can’t tell these women what to do, but marketers certainly can.12. What is the basic reason to increase the sales of diamond rings?[A] F eminism asserts that it’s female freedom to wear right-hand rings.[B] Jewellery company uses the ad to trigger the new trend.[C] More well-paid women can afford their own diamonds.[D] Some pop actresses lead the women to follow the trend.13. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?[A] Wearing rings on right hand is related to female independence.[B] Jewellery companies promoted their diamonds in top-ten magazines.[C] Advertisers make efforts to get traditional women to buy their product.[D] Many pop female stars can serve as the spokeswomen for the trend.14. By mentioning cigarette advertising, the author intends to[A] imply that advertising can affect consumers profoundly.[B] contrast the ads influence by jewellery and cigarette ads.[C] show that The De Beer is as competitive t as Virginia Slims.[D] reveal that pop music fans are also subject to smoking.15. What’s the main point of the passage?[A] Right-hand rings are symbols of female independence.[B] Publications like magazines can steer fashion.[C] Marketers use ads to exert a subtle influence on consumers.[D] Pop entertainers play the leading role in female consuming.Text DTitanic, the largest vessel in the world, entered service in 1912. It was said that the builders and own ers of Titanic claimed that she was “practically unsinkable”. However, as soon as the waves of North Atlantic closed over the Titanic, its disastrous destiny began. It sank on 15 April 1912, with the loss of the 1503 passengers and crew. From then on, the myth began surrounding her design, construction and trans-atlantic voyage. Today, the Titanic disaster is a classic tale, a modern folk tale.Though it sank, the steel and coal from the Titanic have been transformed into a new line of luxury wristwatches that claim to capture the essence of the legendary ocean liner which sank in 1912.Geneva watchmaker Romain Jerome SA billed its “Titanic-DNA” collection as among the most exclusive pieces showcased this week at Baselworld, the watch and jewellery industry’s largest annual trade fair.“It is very luxurious and very inaccessible,” said Yvan Arpa, chief executive of the three-year-old company that hopes the limited edition watches will attract both collectors and luxury goods buyers. “So many rich people buy in credibly complicated watches without understanding how they work, because they want a story to tell,” he said. “To them we offer a story.” The North Atlantic wreck site of the Titanic, which hit an iceberg and sank on its first voyage from the English port of Southampton to New York, have been protected for more than a decade but many relics were taken in early diving expeditions.Romain Jerome said it purchased a piece of the hull weighing about 1.5 kg (3 pounds) that was retrieved in 1991, but declined to identify the seller. The metal has been certified as authentic by the Titanic’s builders Harland and Wolff. To make the watches, which were offered for sale for the first time in Basel for between $7,800 and $173,100, the Swiss company created an alloy using the thick flat pieces from the Titanic with steel being used in a Harland and Wolff duplicate of the vessel. The gold, platinum and steel time pieces have black dial faces made of lacquer(亮漆) paint that includes coal recovered from the remains of the Titanic wreck site, offered for sale by the U.S. company RMS Titanic Inc.Arpa said the combination of new and old materials saturated the watches with a sense of renewal, instead of representing a reminder of the 1,500 passengers who drowned when the ocean liner met her tragic end off the coast of Newfoundland. “It is a message of hope, of life stronger than death, of rebirth,” he said in an interview in Romain Jerome’s exposition booth in Base l, where more than 2,100 exhibitors are showing their latest wares amid a boom for the luxury goods sector. The company will make 2,012 watches to coincide with the centenary anniversary of the Titanic’s sinking in 2012.Arpa also said the young watchmaker would unveil a new series next year commemoratinganother famous legend, but declined to offer clues of what is to come. “For a new brand, you have to find something different to be interesting,” he said. Asked if the next collection would be based on Sco tland’s legendary Loch Ness monster, he smiled and said:“Ooh. Have you found it?”16. The purpose of paragraph one is[A] to describe the luxury of Titanic.[B] to arouse reader’s interest in the “unsinkable” vessel.[C] to criticize the builders and owners for their dishonesty.[D] to lead readers to the theme of the luxurious watches.17. According to paragraph 2, the wristwatches[A] are made out of fragments of Titanic.[B] are the most expensive pieces in the exposition.[C] have the essence of the legendary Titanic.[D] have some connection with the sunk Titanic.18. What does the wristwatch serve as?[A] A reminder of the people died in the disaster.[B] An indication of hopefulness.[C] A commemoration of the centenary anniversary.[D] A symbol of wealth and status.19. What can we learn from Arpa’s words in the last paragraph?[A] People have already found what the next series would be.[B] Scotland’s legendary Loch Ness monster is an interesting legend.[C] We can’t get any clues about the new series from chief executive Arpa.[D] Romain Jerome was intending to base the next collection on Loch Ness monster.20. From the passage, we can infer that[A] Titanic is the largest vessel in the world.[B] The luxury wristwatches are of limited number.[C] Romain Jerome must make a fortune from the watch.[D] many relics of Titanic were taken in early diving expeditions.语境词汇Text A1. detachable a.可拆卸的，可分离的2. disembark vt.＆vi.（从车等上面）下来；登录3. maneuver n.行动；策略；阴谋vt.＆vi..调动；演习；耍阴谋4. given n.注定要发生的事a.规定的prep.考虑到(某事物)5. be all for sth 完全赞成某事6. hook vt.引…上钩：get hooked 对…上瘾n.钩子Text B1. contrive vt.发明，设计；谋划；设法做到2. detect vt.发现，发觉；查明3. syllabus n.教学大纲4. address vt.致力于…n.地址；演说5. notoriously ad.众所周知地；恶名昭彰地6. leverage vt.促使…改变5. edge n.优势；刀刃；边缘v.挤进6. gut a.本能的n.肠子，内脏；[常pl.]胆量Text C1. assertion n.断言，主张2. be traced to 追溯到…3. launch v.发起，开办4. separate v.夫妻分居；分开a.分开的，各自的5. lyric n.歌词6. stuff n.产品，商品；原料；东西7. token n.象征Text D1. close over 淹没，覆盖2. showcase vt.陈列，使亮相n.玻璃陈列柜3. retrieve vt.复得，收回4. authentic a.真实的，可信的5. saturate vt.使充满，浸透6. renewal n.更新，复活难句突破Text A1. The older double-chair-lifts and triple-chair-lifts are harder to deal with because they don’t slow down when you get on.【分析】复合句。
