专四阅读+详细讲解

英语专业四级阅读真实文章解读在英语专业四级考试中，阅读部分占据了相当大的比重，其中真实文章解读更是考察学生对英语文章的理解和分析能力。

在本文中，将针对英语专业四级阅读真实文章解读部分进行详细解析，帮助考生提升阅读能力和解题技巧。

一、理解文章主旨在进行真实文章解读时，首先需要确保对文章的主旨有清晰的理解。

在阅读文章的过程中，可以通过注意文章的标题、首段和结尾来初步了解文章的主题。

而在具体解读文章时，需要注意抓住作者的中心思想和观点，理解文章的逻辑结构和论证方式。

通过对整篇文章的梳理和分析，可以更好地把握文章的主旨。

二、理解词汇和句子在阅读真实文章时，遇到一些生词或者复杂的句子时，需要注意对其进行理解。

可以通过上下文的信息进行猜测和推断，寻找线索来弄清楚词语的意思。

在解读句子时，要注意句子的主谓宾等基本句型结构，尤其是长句，可以通过拆分句子进行理解。

通过对文章中的词汇和句子进行准确理解，可以提高对文章整体的理解程度。

三、解析作者观点和态度真实文章往往涉及到作者的观点和态度，阅读过程中要通过细致的分析找出作者的立场，并理解作者对于某个观点或者事件的看法。

可以通过作者使用的词语和表达方式来推测作者的态度，如使用明确的肯定或否定词语、使用比较级或最高级的形容词等。

同时也要注意识别作者所提供的论据和例证，从而更好地理解作者观点的支持和论证方式。

四、把握文章结构和逻辑关系在解读真实文章时，需要理解文章的整体结构和各段之间的逻辑关系。

可以通过关注段落开头和结尾的过渡性词语，如“首先”、“最后”等，来把握文章的层次结构。

此外，要注意识别文章中的因果关系、比较关系、并列关系等逻辑关系，从而更好地理清文章的脉络。

五、做好细节理解和推断真实文章中常常会包含一些细节信息，学生需要通过仔细阅读和理解，准确把握其中的细节内容。

同时，在解读文章时还需要注意推断能力的培养，通过推理和猜测得出一些可能的答案。

通过对文章细节的理解和推断，可以更好地解答细节题和推理题。

英语专业四级阅读理解题型分类解析专四阅读除了掌握一定的答题技巧外，我们还可以从题型特点出发，针对不同类型的考题进行备考练习。

根据考纲的要求，阅读题型可以分为六类，分别是主旨类、态度类、细节类、推理类、词汇类和指代类。

1. 主旨类主旨类题型要求考生能从整体上把握文章大意，能准确无误地理解作者的观点、论述方式和逻辑。

此类题型常见的提问形式有What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ?What is this passage mainly (primarily)concerned with ?The main theme of this passage is .The main point of the passage is .It is clear from this passage that .解答此类题型，需要完整阅读全文，最好的办法是列出提纲和小标题，先在心里自己总结一下全文的主旨，再对比选项进行选择。

此类题型常见的干扰项有几种。

一种是基本观点错误，即选项表述的内容与阅读文章中的观点相左，这是比较容易判断的一类。

另一种是观点表述不全面，选项中的陈述仅选取了文章中的分论点之一进行说明，而忽略了文中其他主要内容，以偏概全，这样的干扰项因为与文章内容相似度高，观点准确，因此迷惑性较大，需要缜密地思维和谨慎地判断。

第三种干扰项是对主题的总结过于宽泛，涵盖了文章中没有涉及的内容，这一类型虽然不常见，但却是最隐蔽、最容易造成判断失误的陷阱。

2. 态度类此类题型比主旨类题型稍难，因为需要在把握全文大意的基础上，体会作者想要表达的态度。

解答此类题目，首先需要对描述态度的词汇熟悉，否则就根本无法答题。

以下是常见的态度题型选项中出现的词汇：表示赞许、支持、喜爱的positive 肯定的，实际的，积极的，确实的favorable 赞成的，有利的，赞许的，良好的approval 赞成，承认，正式批准enthusiastic 狂热的，热心的，积极的supportive 支持的，支援的defensive 为……而辩护;防守的表示否定、反对、批评的negative 否定的，消极的disapproval 不赞成objection 异议opposition 反对hostile 敌对的，有敌意的critical 批评的contemptuous 轻蔑的，侮辱的ironic 说反话的，讽刺的sarcastic 反讽的表示质疑、不解的suspicious 可疑的，怀疑的doubtful 可疑的，不确的，疑心的puzzling 使迷惑的，使莫明其妙的表示客观、中立、公平的objective 客观的neutral 中立的impartial 公平的，不偏不倚的disinterested 无私的impersonal 非个人的unprejudiced 没有偏见的unbiased 没有偏见的detached 不含个人偏见的其他reserved 有所保留的，保留意见的radical 激进的moderate 适度的，适中的mild 温和的，温柔的，轻微的，适度的indignant 愤怒的，愤慨的concerned 关注的subjective 主观的pessimistic 悲观的unconcerned / indifferent 不关心的 / 漠然的有的文章中，作者观点明确，文章基调清楚，只要抓住关键词，就可以准确无误地回答。

星期4 ThursdayText AEdgar Snow was a reporter and a journalist. He was a doer, a seeker of facts. His mature years were spent in communicating to people — he was an opener of minds, a bright pair of eyes on what went on about him. Fortunately, he went to many places, knew many people, saw many things; thus he communicated from depth and involvement. Suspicious of dogma, he stated in his autobiography, “What interested me was chiefly people, all kinds of people, and what they thought and said and how they lived —rather than official, and what they said in their interviews and handouts about what the people’thought and said.” In writing about people and the events which shaped or misshaped their lives, his point of view was essentially honest and searching — founded on his own inquiry and resting on a body of truth perceived with vision and with compassion. His valued friend and editor, Mary Heathcoat, stated that to Edgar Snow, “True professionalism meant telling the truth as one saw it, with as many of the reasons for its existence as one could find out and as mu ch empathy as possible for the people experiencing it.” “Edgar Snow,” she added, “was a respecter of all persons, and he knew the world had billions of important people in it.”That he is remembered mostly through Red Star Over China is understandable. The accounts in that book were of international importance and the experience for the author in getting those accounts was perhaps the most significant one in his life. Though it is typical of him that, after the acclaim the book received, he commented, “I si mply wrote down what I was told by the extraordinary young men and women with whom it was my privilege to live at age thirty, and from whom I learned a great deal.” That “great deal” spread from the pages of Red Star to alter the thinking of countless people — including many citizens of China who were led by it to action that drastically affected their own lives and the course of their country’s future. An awesome realization of personal responsibility also came about at this point for the young journalist, one he was cognizant of the rest of his life — the discovery, as he heard of friends and students killed in a war they had been moved to join largely because of his reports, that his writing had taken on the nature of political action and that he, as a writer, had to be personally answerable for all he wrote.1. Which of the following is NOT true about Edgar Snow?[A] He respects grass roots.[B] He is interested in officials’ words.[C] He fulfills the true professionalism.[D] He values fact and his honest searching.2. Edgar Snow’s books were all written with[A] his ignorance of the circumstances around him.[B] his prejudice towards the people he was not familiar with.[C] his deep involvement and understanding of the people around him.[D] his own experience in making himself a well-known man of the world.3. Why is Edgar Snow remembered mostly through Red Star Over China？[A] It is written in Chinese.[B] It is the only book that tells about China.[C] The wording of this book is extraordinary.[D] It has an important influence over the international world.4. Red Star Over China is all of the following EXCEPT[A] fulfil ling Snow’s political stand.[B] inspiring Chinese youth to take action.[C] motivating Snow’s personal responsibility.[D] reflecting his characteristics and professionalism.Text BAnna liked the look of the house as soon as she saw it. Jack knew that before she said anything. The plain white walls, the black window frames and door —the good taste of that combination had always pleased her.“It’s a nice family house,” she said, “one can see it’s been well lived in.”Fifty-seven Eden Square was a tall narrow house of three storeys in the middle of a row facing a small park. It was in what a house agent would call a popular rather than a fashionable area. The little front gate was open, broken. They went in and up a few stone steps to the front door. They could see in through one of the sitting-room windows from which a net curtain had fallen at one side. The large room was almost bare. A dirty green carpet half covered the floor. From an old brick fireplace a gas-fire had been pulled out into the room. The wallpaper was dark green, dirty and damp-looking. There was no furniture. Silently they stared in. Then Jack tried the front door. It was locked.“It’s been empty a long while,” he said, “all last winter at least. Is it worth going to the agent to get the keys? We’d have to do an awful lot of cleaning up.”“Any empty house up for sale needs cleaning.” said Anna, “That’s part of the fun of buying. You can make it look so different. This place will be a lot better when cleaned up. How much do you think it’ll cost?”“Well, it’s about eighty years old, and modernized probably.” He stepped back and looked up. “It should have three or four large bed-rooms, as large as I think bedrooms ought to be, and one or two small ones. That is, if it wasn’t used as a guesthouse in the days before people started going to Spain for their holidays, I think it would cost about fifteen thousand. It depends on how modern it is inside. We’ll get the keys and have a look, shall we?”They did so the following afternoon. In an earlier time, the spacious house had had large, airy bedrooms. All four of these were now divided up by wooden walls and ugly passages. Each big window looking on to the park was shared by two or even three rooms. There were in all eighteen tiny bedrooms, each with a tiny wash-basin and water: sleeping space for thirty or so holiday-makers.“Little cages,” Anna said. She did not like the place at all.5. How did Anna react at the first sight of the house?[A] She thought the house was in poor condition.[B] She admired the way it was painted.[C] She told Jack it was very expensive.[D] She said there was a nice family living in it.6. Where was the house located according to the house agent?[A] In a well-liked area.[B] In a very fashionable area.[C] In Fifty-seven Eden Square[D] In the middle of a small park.7. What were Anna and Jack doing?[A] Looking for a place in which they could spend their holiday.[B] Looking for a house agent to sell a house.[C] Trying to find a guesthouse or a small hotel.[D] Trying to find a suitable family house to buy.8. What’s NOT true about the condition of the house according to the passage?[A] It had four large bedrooms before it was used as a guesthouse.[B] It was old but somewhat modernized.[C] It was where fashionable people preferred to live.[D] It was almost like a cage when the two people visited it.9. Anna did not like the house because[A] it was not her ideal family home.[B] it was too expensive.[C] it was really a place for keeping animals in.[D] it needed too much cleaning.Text CThis book is written expressly for students in an attempt to present the material that is most useful and interesting to them. Previous courses in chemistry are not necessary for the understanding of the material, although those students who have had high school chemistry will find that a review of the inorganic section will better enable them to master the organic and biochemistry sections that follow.The author has felt that in the past there was an improper selection of material from inorganic, organic, and biochemistry in the majority of the textbooks of chemistry for nurses. The tendency has been to develop the inorganic chemistry to such an extent that organic and biochemistry is covered too briefly. The recent advances in biochemistry and their widespread application to the practice of medicine and nursing have considerably altered the situation. Not only is biochemistry more closely allied to the practical chemistry of medicine and nursing but it is also of more interest to the student. In the author’s experience the response to biochemistry has always been more favorable than to the other sections. Within the brief period allotted to chemistry, therefore, the sections on inorganic, organic, and biochemistry should be so arranged that a good share of the time is spent in the study of biochemistry. This book presents mainly those fundamentals of inorganic and organic chemistry that are necessary for the understanding of the section on biochemistry.The fundamental points suggested in the Curriculum Guide are included in the book, with some additions in the biochemistry section. The author feels that a study of urine, vitamins, nutrition, and hormones is so obviously a part of biochemistry that at least the fundamentals should be included in this course.The book has been planned in such a way that it may be adapted to various courses in chemistry. The material suggested by the Curriculum Guide is covered in the first nineteen chapters and may be used in accelerated courses or where minimum time is allotted to chemistry. When the time allotted to the course is sixty to ninety hours the entire contents of the book may be used to advantage. While the book has been written especially to fit the needs of Schools of Nursing, it could readily be applied in instances where students are required to take but one course in chemistry.The apathetic attitude of nonprofessional students toward a course in inorganic chemistry may well be overcome by the proper presentation of material selected from inorganic, organic, and biochemistry.10. Which of the following is TRUE about reading the book?[A] One must first review his high school courses.[B] Previous courses in chemistry are necessary.[C] A good mastery of biochemistry is essential.[D] One needn’t have studied chemistry before.11. In the author’s experience, the students are most interested in[A] chemistry as a whole. [B] biochemistry.[C] inorganic chemistry. [D] organic chemistry.12. Para. 4 suggests that one characteristic of this book is its[A] vividness of the language. [B] simplicity in presentation.[C] adaptability to various needs. [D] complexity of the plot.13. The author’s attitude towards this book is[A] doubtful. [B] critical.[C] apathetic. [D] approving.14. The purpose of this book is[A] to provide students with useful and interesting material.[B] to preface the Curriculum Guide with a brief account of biochemistry.[C] to present inorganic and organic chemistry in detail.[D] to raise nonprofessional students’ interest in chemistry.Text DBuried for nearly 3600 years, a rare statue of Egypt’s King NeferhotepⅠ have been brought to light in the ruins of Thebes by a team of French archaeologists. Officials said that the statue was unusual in that the King is depicted holding hands with a double of himself, although the second part of the carving remains under the sand and its form has been determined by the use of imaging equipment.Archaeologists unearthed the 1.8 meters tall statue, as they were carrying out repairs around Karnak Temple in the southern city of Luxor. Francois Larche, one of the team that found the limestone statue of the King, whose name means “beautiful and good”, said it was lying about 1.6 meters below the earth near an obelisk of Queen Hatshepsut, the only woman to have reigned as a pharaoh in Egypt, ruling from 1504—1484 B.C.Karnak, now in the heart of Luxor, was built on the ruins of Thebes, the capital of ancient Egypt. The huge temple dedicated to the god Amon lies in the heart of a vast complex of religious buildings in the city, 700 kilometers south of Cairo. The statue shows the King wearing a funeral mask and royal head cloth, said Larche. The forehead bears a symbol of a cobra, which ancientEgyptians used as a symbol on the crown of the pharaohs. They believed that the cobra would spit fire at approaching enemies. Larche said this was only the second time such a huge statue had been found in Egypt. A similar one was dug up during the digging of the hidden treasures of Karnak from 1898 to 1904.But it is not clear when or if the statue will be completely unearthed. It is blocked by the leftovers of an ancient structure, possibly a gate. “In order to pull it out, a structure on top of the statue has to be removed and then restored,” said Larche, adding that permission from the Egyptian antiquities authorities was needed before the team could go ahead with the plan to raise the statue.Neferhotep was the 22nd King of the 13th Dynasty. The son of a temple priest, he ruled Egypt from 1696—1686 B.C. Experts believe his father’s position helped him to ascend the throne, as there was no royal blood in his family. It’s up to the Higher Council of Egyptian Antiquities to decide on the fate of the Statue of Neferhotep Ⅰand whether it will be brought to light or left buried where it was founded.To some degree, it will be a wonder if the Statue which has been buried in the underground for nearly 3600 years is brought to light again. The Higher Egyptian Council will take all the factors into consideration before they make the final decision. After all, this discovery will draw the attention of the archaeologists at least from the Egypt even all over the world who are interested in the history of Egypt.15. Why did officials think the statue discovered by the archaeologists is unique?[A] It has been buried in the earth for nearly 3600 years.[B] The figure of the statue was the only female pharaoh who ruled Egypt.[C] Part of the statue remains in the sand.[D] There is another similar statue with the statue of NeferhotepⅠ.16. The archaeological team found the statue wears the following articles EXCEPT[A] a funeral mask.[B] royal head cloth.[C] a crown of the pharaoh.[D] a symbol of a cobra.17. Why is it not sure when or if the statue will be entirely dug out?[A] It was lying about 1.6 meters below the earth.[B] It was blocked by the remains of an ancient structure.[C] Permission from the Egyptian antiquities authorities was needed.[D] Bringing the statue to light again will be a wonder.18. The team of French archaeologists’ attitude towards this statue is[A] positive. [B] negative.[C] cautious. [D] indifferent.19. Which of the following is correct?[A] Whether this statue is brought to the light or not needs further discussion.[B] Karnak Temple needs to be removed if the statue wants to be completely dug up.[C] The archaeologists can decide the destiny of the statue.[D] The archaeologists have little interest in this discovery.20. What does this passage mainly talk about?[A] The statue of NeferhotepⅠbrought to light.[B] The statue of NeferhotepⅠfound by Egyptian archaeologists.[C] The description of the statue of NeferhotepⅠ.[D] The final destiny of the statue of NeferhotepⅠ.语境词汇Text A1. dogma n.教条；教义，信条2. rest on 基于，依赖于3. compassion n.怜悯，同情4. empathy n.移情作用，神入；同情，共鸣5. acclaim n.称赞v.向…欢呼，向…喝彩6. awesome a.令人敬畏的；可怕的7. cognizant a.认识到的，察知的Text B1. bare a.空的；无遮蔽的；稀少的vt.暴露2.house agent 房产经纪人，房屋中介3. modernize v. (使)现代化4. spacious a.宽敞的，广大的5. divide up 分割开Text C1. expressly ad.特别地；明白地，清楚地2. organic a.有机物的；组织的；器官的3. considerably ad.相当大(或多)地4. favorable a.赞成的；有利的5. allied a.有关联的；类似的6. allot vt.分配，配给，分摊7. to advantage 用某种方法使优点突出8. apathetic a.缺乏兴趣的，无动于衷的Text D1. statue n.塑像，雕像2. bring to light 发现3. obelisk n.方尖石塔4. complex n.一组建筑群；综合企业a.复杂的5. ascend the throne 即位，登基6. antiquities n.古物，古迹，古代风俗习惯7. to some degree 从某种程度上来说8. take…into consideration 考虑到、顾及…难句突破Text A1. True professionalism meant telling the truth as one saw it, with as many of the reasons for its existence as one could find out and as much empathy as possible for the people experiencing it. 【分析】复合句。

英语专业四级阅读技巧选词填空：300词左右的文章，空10个空格，15个词中选出10个填入，使得文章在意思和结构上完整，生词较少。

之所以失分就是对单词的其他释义和词性没有掌握。

例如很多人知道maintain的意思是保养，修理;其实还有坚持，维持的意思。

解题思路：背单词时记住词形，词义，还要静下心来从固定搭配方面全面掌握一个单词。

只有对单词掌握的准确到位。

选词填空首句一般不留空，考生可以通过把握首句而迅速掌握全文大意，对文章大意明白，进而做出合理的推测，基本上可以拿到75%成的分数。

信息匹配题：关于这个长篇阅读，10个句子，每句一题，必须要考生找到相匹配的段落，有的段落可能匹配2题句子所含的信息都出自篇章的某一段落。

必须要很快的反应能力和耐心。

解题思路：首先考生可以试着找一下关键词，例如专有名词，时间，数字。

当然有的时候即使找到关键词，该词也起不到定位作用，因为这些词都被同义替换掉了，或是正话反说，不好推断，但最起码找关键词发在10个题中，在4，5，6，7问题中可以用。

因为这里面包涵了对你的心理能力的考验，一般都是按难--简单--难的出题顺序来的。

必须要我们熟悉这一出题思路，再去应对它。

2如何准备英语专业四级考试英语专业四级考试主要考听写、听力理解、完形填空、语法及词汇、阅读理解和写作这六类。

针对自己在平常的测试中发现自己的哪一类属于弱项的就去更加的学习和做题目，因为把自己不够的一项提升是很重要的，这在考试得分中占很大的比重。

第一类就是听写，听写的时间有15分钟，总共有15个句子，这15个句子就是一段正文，一条句子没有错误的单词、错误的语法和错误的标点符号就可以得一分，如果有一处错误就会扣0.5分或者1分。

听写的方法：要多去找文章听，特别是连读的句子一定要清楚，要仔细的去听，通过多加的去学习听写就一定会慢慢的提升自己的听写能力。

第二类是听力理解，这是有关于日常生活中和社会生活中的交谈或者演讲所涉及到得听力理解，做听力理解主要是抓住题意的中心大意，先把听力问题看懂，然后再仔细去听内容。

专四阅读+详细讲解星期4 ThursdayBusiness is the salf of life.事业是⼈⽣的第⼀需要。

Text ADespite all the progress toward wo men’s equality, women who work full time are still earning only 75 cents on average to every dollar earned by men.Driving home that point, the National Committee on Pay Equity has chosen April 16 this year, to remind Americans that all women would need to work at least an extra two days in a workweek to earn almost as much as all men do in one normal workweek.Why does such a wage gap still persist?Economists differ in their explanations. And yet this income disparity is seen as a key indicator of how women are treated —in both the workplace and at home.Fortunately, the women’s movement and civil rights enforcement have ended most gender discrimination in setting wages. Now advocates are focused on ensuring that working women have female advisers and role models, while they try to remove subtlediscrimination in promotions —the “glass ceiling” (指职业⼥性在职务提升时遇到的⽆形阻⼒)that accounts for so few women being in top management.Many economists, however, say many women have lower-paying jobs because of choices made in their home life, such as taking time out to raise children. Or women take part-time, low-wage jobs for the flexibility. When they do reenter the workforce full time, they’re often behind their working peers in pay and promotions.But as more women feel empowered to make career choices, their pay rises.Another explanation is that women d on’t r eally make the choice to drop off the career ladder or to stay at a lower job rung. They may, for example, accept the expectations of others to take traditional jobs for women, such as nursing, which have low market wages. They must often take jobs that do n’t account for the unpredictability of families. Working moms may find their income can’t pay for day care, or day care doesn’t su it their child. If they are married, they may realize their husbands are not inclined to child rearing (or house chores), so they either quit work or go part time.So as their life choices seem to become a life burden, wo men’s income slips behind men’s.No matter what the explanation, much progress has been made in reducing the pay gap. While government still has a major role, employers can do more. Many have found a market advantage in supporting working mothers or putting women in management. And in the home, men and women are getting smarter in defining their marital relationships, often before tying the knot.Just as women now outnumber men in college, perhaps someday their average paywill surpass men’s —and that may make up for lost wages.1. April 16 has been chosen[A] to show the organization’s attitude towards equal pay.[B] to define the day as pay day for women who are not equally paid.[C] to make it clear that women working full time are earning less than men.[D] to remind women to work longer hours to earn as much as men.2. How can women raise their salary?[A] By going out for work instead of staying at home.[B] By asking their employer to raise their salary.[C] By sending their child to the kindergarten.[D] By having the ability to choose their jobs.3. Which of the following is NOT a traditional job for women?[A] Nurse. [B] Teacher.[C] Economist. [D] Typist.4. Which of the following statement is NOT true?[A] Wage gap servers as a key indicator of how women are treated.[B] Many women have lower-paying jobs because of house chores.[C] Some working mothers earn less than their children’s day care.[D] Many employers have already done enough to support working mothers.5. Who are expected to contribute more to narrowing the pay gap?[A] Women themselves.[B] Employers.[C] The government.[D] Men.Text BIf sustainable competitive advantage depends upon work force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired —rented at the lowest possible cost — much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer (CFO) is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central — usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firm’s hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts they spend in training their work forces, in fact, they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessaryfor the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take muchlonger to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can’t effectively start the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.6. In an American firm, the executive of human-resource management[A] has a position directly under the chief financial executive.[B] is one of the most important executives of the firm.[C] has no say in making important decisions of the firm.[D] is unimportant when new technologies have been introduced.7. The money most American firms put in work force training mainly goes on[A] technological and managerial staff.[B] workers who will run new equipment.[C] workers who lack basic background skills.[D] top executives.8. Technological change in American firms is slower because[A] new equipment in America is more expensive.[B] they don’t pay enough attention to the job training of their workers.[C] they are less responsive to technological changes.[D] their professional staff are less paid and so less creative.9. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies?[A] They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.[B] They see the gaining of skills as their employees’ own business.[C] They attach more importance to workers than equipment.[D] They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition.10. According to the passage, the decisi ve factor in maintaining a firm’s competitive advantage is[A] the introduction of new technologies.[B] the improvement of worker’s basic skills.[C] the rational composition of professional and managerial employees.[D] the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employees.Text CDespite the fact that comets are probably the most numerous astronomical bodies in the solar system aside from small meteor(流星) fragments and the asteroids (⼩⾏星), they are largely a mystery. Scientists don’t know exactly what comets are or where theycome from. Educated guesses are the best we have in hand.Considering the role of comets in lore, legend, and the memory of man, it is remarkable that we still know so little, relatively, about them. The most famous comet of all, Halley’s Comet (named for the man who predicted its return), was first sighted by the Chinese in 240 B.C., and it has returned to terrify the people of the world on a regular basis ever since then (last scheduled return: 1986). The ancients considered it an object of ill omen. By mysterious coincidence, the arrival of Halley’sComet coincided with such events as the battle of Hastings in 1066, the Jewish revolt of 66 A.D., and the last battle of Attila the Hun against the Romans. Nor is it the only comet to fill man with awe, but merely the most famous in a rich aristocracy of blood-freezers.Comets are even more fascinating to amateur astronomers than to professionals, because this is one area where amateurs can (and do) make major discoveries. Comet Ikeya Seki, one of the brightest comets to appear in last century was discovered in 1965 by a pair of Japanese amateurs, Ikeya and Seki. The person who discovers a new comet gets his (or her) name put on it. And amateurs have a head start in the race to discover new comets; the shorter focal lengths on their smaller telescopes give them a positive advantage over the huge telescope such as Mount Wilson which is built to scan for galaxies, not comparatively of short distances.Most scientists tend to agree with the astronomer Fred T. Whipple that a comet is really a large mushy snowball of frozen ices and gases (ammonia, methane, possibly carbon dioxide) with a few bits of solid particles stuck inside. But no one is sure how comets are created in the first place.Scientists believe that comets don’t exhibit their characteristic tail while they lurk far out in space away from the warmth of the sun but, rather, wander in the form of frozen lumps, like icebergs. This is the core of the comet. Only when the comet approaches the heat of the sun, does the ice begin to melt and stream away in the form of visible gases. The tails o f the comet stream out behind for, literally, astronomical distances. Halley’s Comet had a tail of 94 million miles long when it visited here in 1910. The Great Comet of 1843 had a tail of 186 million miles long.11. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates that[A] comets are the most commonly seen astronomical bodies.[B] comets, meteor fragments and the asteroids are mysterious.[C] not much is known about comets.[D] nothing do we know about comets except guesses.12. Halley’s Comet is mentioned in paragraph 2[A] to introduce some famous historical events.[B] to explain some traditional beliefs about comets.[C] to demonstrate the harm it has done to man.[D] to show its significance to human history.13. We learn from the passage, amateur astronomers[A] began their discovery earlier than the professionals .[B] tend to be the leaders in the area of astronomy.[C] have some advantages in discovering new comets.[D] established some theories on how comets come into being.14. The core of a comet[A] has no solid form.[B] wanders like a frozen lump when it’s far out in space.[C] requires the warmth of the sun to survive.[D] is always followed by a long tail.15. Which of the following about comets is INCORRECT?[A] They are great in number.[B] Their arrivals used to frighten human beings.[C] They are named after their discoverers.[D] They are large mushy snowballs of frozen ices and gases.Text DAround the world, hearts were broken when news came that the conjoined Bijani twins had died on the operating table. Having lived in tortured unity for 29 years, they traveled form their native Iran to Singapore for the surgery meant to set them free. The doctors who performed it were distressed. When you lose a patient, particularly when the patient dies at your own hand, the heartbreak mixes with unbearable guilt. The doctors are asking themselves the same question everyone else is asking: Should they have done it?The doctors certainly knew the risk. They knew that with the women’s shared circulatory systems, the risk was great. They might have underestimated the technical challenges, but they did not deceive their patients. The sisters, highly educated and highly motivated, knew full well the risk of never waking up from the surgery.Indeed, they never did. Should the surgeons have attempted such a risky procedure on patients who were not dying, and, in fact, were not even sick?For all the regrets and second guesses, it is hard to see how the answer could have been anything but yes. The foundation of the medical vocation is that the doctor is servant to the patient’s will. Not always, of course. There are times when the doctor must say no. This was not such a time.Consider those cases in which outside values trump(占据上风) the patients-expressed desire. The first is life. Even if the patient asks you to, you may not kill him. In some advanced precincts(地区) —Holland and Oregon, for example —this is thought to be a quaint(奇怪的)idea, and the state permits physicians to perform “assisted suicide”. That is a terrible mistake, for the state and for the physician. And not only because it embarks us on a slippery slope where putting people to death in the name of some higher humanity becomes progressively.Even if there were no slippery slope, there is a deeply important principle at stake: doctors are healers, not killers. You cannot eliminate the subject you are supposedly serving — it is not just a philosophical absurdity, it constitutes the most fundamental violation of the Hippocratic oath. You are not permitted to do any harm to the patient, let alone the ultimate harm. There are other forms of self-immolation, less instantaneous and less spectacular, to which doctors may not contribute. Drug taking, for example. One could say, the patient wants it, and he knows the risks —why not give him what he wants? No. The doctor isthere to help save a suffering soul from the ravages of a failing body. He is not there to ravage a healthy body in the service of a sick and self-destructive soul.The patient is sovereign and the physician’s duty is to be the servant, which is why the doctors in Singapore were right trying to separate the twins. They were not seeking self-destruction; they were seeking liberation. And they were trying to undo a form of impairment imposed on them by nature. The extraordinary thing about their request was that it was so utterly ordinary. They were asking for nothing special, nothing superhuman, nothing radically enhancing of human nature. They were only seeking to satisfy the most simple and pedestrian of desires: to live as single human being.16. At the beginning of the passage, the author sounds towards the doctors.[A] indifferent. [B] pitiful. [C] accusing. [D] objective.17. Why do es the author say “this was not such a time” in Para. 4?[A] Because the twin sisters are conjoined.[B] Because the twin sisters know the risks very well.[C] Because the operation is the twin sisters’ expressed desire.[D] Because the twin sisters are seeking liberation, not self-destruction.18. We can infer from Para. 6 that “Hippocratic oath” is[A] a philosophical conception.[B] an oath for all common citizens.[C] about the doctors’ responsibilities to the patients.[D] the doctors’ oath to serve the patients’ expressed desires.19. The author pointed out all the following facts EXCEPT that[A] the doctors do not have any responsibility for the failure of the twin sisters’ operation.[B] it is correct for the Singapore doctors to do the operation, although it failed in the end.[C] the twin sisters’ desire is different from the desire of those who want drugs or suicide.[D] doctors should decide whether the patient is attempting self-destruction before serving his desire.20. Which would be the best title for the passage?[A] The Conjoined Sisters from Iran.[B] Should They Have Made the Attempt?[C] On Patients’ Self-immolation.[D] Doctors and Patients.语境词汇Text A1. Driving home把…讲得透彻明⽩2. disparity n.不同，不等3. indicator n.指⽰者，指⽰器；指⽰牌4. enforcement n.实施，执⾏；强制，强迫5. subtle a.微细的，微妙的；精巧的；敏锐的6. reenter vt.重新加⼊，再加⼊7. empower vt.授权，准许8. rear vt.抚养，养育；饲养，栽培n.后部，背⾯9. tie the knot 结婚Text B1. sustainable a.持续的；能维持的；⽀撑得住的2. acquisition n.取得，获得；得到的东西3. hierarchy n.等级制度，阶层4. specific a.特定的；明确的n.特效药；详情5. extensive a.⼤规模的，⼴阔的；全⾯的，彻底的6. bottleneck n.瓶颈，障碍；窄路段，交通阻塞点Text C1. astronomical a.天⽂的2. aside from 除了…之外(尚有)3. educated a.根据知识或经验的；有教养的4. remarkable a.不平常的，值得注意到5. on a regular basis 定期地6. focal a.焦点的：focal length焦距Text D1. conjoin v.使联合，使连接：conjoined twins 连体双胞胎2. underestimate v.低估3. trump v.占据上风4. precinct n.区域；近郊5. quaint a.奇怪的；古怪的6. at stake 濒临危险7. absurdity n.荒谬，违背常理8. ravage n.蹂躏，饱受折磨9. pedestrian a.平常的；徒步的；缺乏想象的n.⾏⼈难句突破Text A1. Now advocates are focused on ensuring that working women have female advisers and role models, while they try to remove subtle discrimination in promotions —the “glass ceiling” that accounts for so few women being in top management.【分析】复合句。

星期3 WednesdayBetter to light one candle than to curse the darkness. 与其诅咒黑暗，不如燃起蜡烛。

Text AHalf a dozen radio stations about the face of the globe crackled sparks of electricity from capital and into millions of humble homes; peace came through the air and was simultaneous over all the face of the earth. The great ceremony on the battleship Missouri in Tokyo Bay was anticlimax.The greatest fleet in the world lay amidst the greatest ruins in the world under a dark and cheerless covering of clouds. The USS Iowa was on one side of the Missouri, the USS South Dakota on the other. A tattered flag with thirty-one stars was hung on one of the turrets of the battleship —the flag of the infant republic, which Commodore Perry brought with him to the same bay almost a hundred years before. Above the mainmast fluttered the battle flag of the Union of today. The deck was crowded with the American technicians. There were a Russian with a red band about his cap and a Tass newsreel man who insisted on crawling in among the main actors to get his shots; there was a Canadian general who spoiled his part and signed on the wrong line; there was a carefully tailored Chinese general from Chungking.Half a dozen Japanese were piped over the side of the Missouri, but for the purpose of history and in every man’s memory there were only two —the general, Umezu, and the statesman, Shingemitsu. Umezu was dressed in parade uniform, all his ribbons glistening, and his eyes blank, but you could see the brown pockmarks on his cheeks swelling and falling in emotion. Shingemitsu was dressed in a tall silk hat and a formal morning coat as if he were attending a wedding or a funeral. He had a wooden leg, and he limped along the deck; when he began to climb to the veranda deck where the peace was to be signed, he clutched the ropes and struggled up with infinite pain and discomfort.Shingemitsu and Umezu were brought forward, and, after a few carefully chosen words beautifully spoken by General MacArthur, they signed their names to a document marking an end to the Japanese Empire. When they had signed, the generals and admirals of all the other nations put their signatures to the document, and peace, if peace it was, had come.1. The document was signed on[A] the USS Iowa. [B] the USS South Dakota.[C] the battleship Missouri. [D] didn’t mention.2. In the second paragraph, “A tattered flag with thirty-one stars” is of[A] USS. [B] the infant USA.[C] today’s USA. [D] the greatest fleet.3. When portraying Umezu and Shingemitsu, the author focused on all the following EXCEPT[A] facial expression. [B] appearance.[C] motions. [D] inner activity.4. By saying “and peace, if peace it was, had come”, the author implied that[A] he valued the signature ceremony.[B] he was sure of the peace coming.[C] he suspected that the signature meant the real end of war.[D] he believed the signature ceremony would bring peace.Text BLeft unfettered(无拘无束的), Anthony Konieczka, 9 years old, would happily thumb away at his Game Boy Advance or PlayStation 2 from the minute he gets up to the moment he crawls into bed, 14 bleary-eyed(睡眼惺忪的)hours later.Anthony’s basement is stocked with tradit ional toys — board games, puzzles, art supplies —and as far as he is concerned, they are relics of Christmases past. His sister Michaely, 6 years old, still likes dressing her Barbies. But once she starts playing Game Boy it’s hard to get her away.Play patterns like this could grab another Christmas for the toy department. Through September, toy sales were down 5% compared with the first nine months of last year, according to the NDP Group. Meanwhile, the video-game industry is heading for another record year. Thanks to hot new games like Halo 2 for the Xbox, the industry is light-years ahead of the toy business when it comes to buzz. With distractions such as instant messaging, cell phone games and iPods angling for kids’ minds and allowances, the digital revolution is making life miserable for the toy industry.While some hard-to-find toys emerge every holiday season, toymakers are heading into this one without a monster hit. Indeed, there has not been a Furby-style frenzy in years. Of 10 toy segments only two, arts and crafts and dolls, have generated sales growth over a recent 12 month period. Some of the weakest categories like construction sets and action figures are the ones aimed at boys, who suffer the most blisters from the video games. Analysts expect one of the top stocking stuffers this season to be not a traditional toy but the new generation of Nintendo’s Game Boy, the DS, which hit stores last week.The deeper issue is that shifts in play patterns are forcing toymakers to fight for shelf space in a tightening market. Boys in particular seem to be abandoning traditional toys at earlier ages in favor of consumer electronics, trendy video games, PC software and the Internet. The notion that kids are growing more sophisticated and tech-savvy (懂技术的), a trend called “age compression”, has bedeviled toy companies for at least a decade. Action figures, for instance, used to be considered healthy for boys up to age 12. Now the items are mainly marketed to boys 4 to 6. A recent study found that nearly half of the U.S children start on video games at 4 to 5 years old —and 20% at age 3 or younger.Toy companies, of course, have long seen this coming. Mattel attempted to get into educational software in the late 1990s, spending $3.6 million to buy the Learning Company. But it turned out to be a blunder and led to more than $400 million in losses. Later on Mattel got back to building basic brands like Barbie and Hot Wheels. But Barbie’s sales slump may also be a victim of kids growing older at younger ages.Several of the toys expected to sell well this season are, in fact, those that incorporate video gaming and DVD technologies. Mattel’s Fisher-Price introduced a game system called InteracTV this year, featuring DVDs with characters like Dora the explorer. Hasbro came out with a portable color video player called VideoNow and has been putting classic games like Battleship and Yahtzee into hand-held electronic format.5. At the beginning of the passage, the author implies that[A] video games are designed only for boys.[B] girls are usually not interested in video games.[C] both Anthony and Michaely are good at playing PlayStation 2.[D] children would not like to stop playing Game Boy once they start.6. We learn from the passage that in this holiday season[A] it is hard to find traditional toys in the market.[B] toymakers are planning to design monster toys.[C] no hit toys will come onto the market.[D] Furby will become popular among children.7. The sales of construction sets are decreasing because[A] they are not healthy toys for children.[B] they are very weak and easily broken.[C] they are hard to find on shelves of toy stores.[D] they are aimed at boys who are easily attracted by the video games.8. What has been bothering toymakers for almost ten years?[A] The Internet addiction.[B] The trend of age compression.[C] The sales of action figures.[D] The new generation of Game Boy.9. It is predicted that in this season the popular toys would be[A] hot new game Halo 2 for the Xbox.[B] arts and crafts and dolls.[C] action figures designed for boys aged from 4 to 6.[D] toys that integrate video gaming with DVD technologies.Text CSpace is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星) but also because of rays from the Sun and other stars.Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. Doses of radiation are measured in units called “rem”. We all receive radiation here on the Earth from the Sun, from cosmic rays and from radioactive minerals. The “normal” dose of radiation that we receive each year is about 100 millirem; it varies according to where you live, and this is a very rough estimate. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than this without being damaged; the figure of 60 rem has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage — a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of children or even grandchildren.Early space probes showed that radiation varies in different parts of space around the Earth. Italso varies in time because, when great spurts of gas shoot out of the Sun, they are accompanied by a lot of extra radiation. Some estimates of the amount of radiation in space, based on various measurements and calculations, are as low as 10 rem per year, while others are as high as 5 rem per hour! Mission to the Moon have had to cross the Van Allen belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo 8 crew accumulated a total dose of about 200 millirem per man. It was hoped that there would not be any large solar flares during the times of Apollo moon walks because the walls of the lunar excursion modules (LEMs) were not thick enough to protect the men inside, though the command modules did give reasonable protection. So far, no dangerous doses of radiation have been reported, but the Gemini(双子座)orbits and the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory or in a base on the Moon. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far. At present, radiation seems to be the greatest physical hazard to space travelers, but it is impossible to say just how serious the hazard will turn out to be in the future.10. What make space a dangerous place?[A] The radioactive meteors.[B] The Sun and other stars.[C] Rays from the earth.[D] Rem.11. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?[A] The “normal” dose of radiation we receive is generally accepted as safe.[B] Scientists are certain that 60 rem of radiation won’t damage man.[C] Harm of radiation is not likely to be seen immediately.[D] We don’t know exactly the seriousness of radiation d amage.12. Missions to the moon are dangerous to the explorers because[A] they have to cross the high radioactive area.[B] solar flares may damage the LEMs.[C] they have to stay in space for a long time.[D] they will probably run into meteors.13. How will men effectively protect themselves when they spend long periods in space?[A] By taking special drugs.[B] By wearing special suits.[C] By using a protective blanket.[D] No effective solution has been found yet.14. The example of Apollo is to show[A] the Apollo mission was very successful.[B] protection from space radiation is no easy job.[C] astronauts don’t care about radiation damage.[D] radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers.15. The best title for this passage would be[A] The Atmosphere and Our Environment[B] Research on Radiation[C] Effects of Space Radiation[D] Important Protection against RadiationText DA simple computer program that teaches children to distinguish between sounds can dramatically boost their listening skills. It can allow them to progress by the equivalent of two years in just a few weeks, the game’s creator claims.The game, called Phonomena, was devised by David Moore of the University of Oxford, U.K., as an aid for children with language problems, but he says his latest trials also show that it can help any child. Other experts, however, are reserving judgment until independent tests are carried out.Phonomena is designed to improve children’s ability to distinguish between different phonemes(音素), the basic sounds that form the building blocks of language. Up to a fifth of all children are thought to have problems hearing the differences between some sounds, says Moore, who heads the U.K. Medical Research Council’s Institute of Hearing Resear ch.In the game, children have to distinguish between pairs of phonemes such as the “i” sound from the word “bit” and the “e” from “bet”. They are played one phoneme followed by two more examples, and asked which one matches the first sound. As the game progresses, the phonemes are gr adually “morphed”(改变) to make them more and more similar, making it increasingly difficult to distinguish between them.With 44 phonemes in English, there are potentially more than 1,000 different pairs, but the game concentrates on just 22 pairs of the commonest and most similar-sounding phonemes.In the latest trials, 18 children aged between eight and ten played the game three times a week for four weeks. Their language abilities were compared before and after exposure to the game using a standard listening test.The team found a dramatic improvement in their language abilities, with listening ages up by an average 2.4 years compared with 12 children who did not play the game. In earlier trials on children with learning difficulties, the speech and language therapists who tested the game reported similar improvements.But Ted Wragg, an expert in education at the U.K’s University of Exeter, warns that such trials can produce misleading results. The improvements could be due to the efforts and attention of teachers and therapists, rather than the game itself. There is a history in education of people and companies making claims about learning products that do not stand up to scrutiny, he says.It is a bit like teaching someone to catch a ball, Moore adds. “S ensory performance is no different from motor performance. As far as we know, the neural processes driving them both are the same.” And just as playing catch improves hand-eye coordination in other tasks, Moore thinks the phoneme training boosts children’s general language skills.The advantage of using computers, he says, is each game can be tailored to a child’s abilities. An oxford-based company called MindWeavers has been set up to commercialize the game.Similar computer0based language tools already exist, such as those developed by Scientific Learning of Oakland, California. But these are geared exclusively towards children with speech and language problems and involve intensive training.“We don’t believe you need to do this Draconian(严酷的) amount of training for it to do good,” says Moore. He is also exploring the use of phoneme training as an aid to adults learning a foreign language.16. At first, the Phonomena game is designed for[A] adults.[B] disabled children.[C] children with language problems.[D] all children.17. We can infer from the passage that in the game[A] one fifth of the children have difficult distinguishing between sounds.[B] children are asked to tell the differences between similar sounds.[C] the phonemes are becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish.[D] 44 phonemes in English are involved.18. In Ted Wrag g’s opinion,[A] the trial results are not reliable and reasonable.[B] the game is helpful to children with language problems.[C] the trial results are accurate.[D] the trial results show that the game is useless.19. What is the advantage of using computers in Phonomena game?[A] It can provide customized service.[B] It can provide multimedia service.[C] Children can play the game at home.[D] It can improve child’s ability.20. What’s the limitation of the existing computer-based language tools?[A] They are designed exclusively for children.[B] They require too much training.[C] They are too harsh.[D] They do nothing good to language skills.语境词汇Text A1. crackle sparks of electricity <喻>通过电波传递2. anticlimax n.令人扫兴的结尾3. tatter v.扯碎，使变破烂：a tattered flag 一面破旧的国旗4.mainmast n.主桅5. pipe v.召集，召唤6. the veranda deck 舰艇上的游廊7. clutch v.抓住，抓紧Text B1. thumb v.以拇指摆弄n. 大拇指2. blister n.水泡，气泡v.使起水泡3. angle v.谋取；垂钓n.角；角度，观点4. hit n.成功的尝试；击中v.打（击）5. frenzy n.狂乱；极度的激动6. trendy a.时髦的，流行的n.新潮人物,穿着时髦的人7. bedevil vt.使苦恼；折磨8. slump n.经济衰退；消沉v.倒下，陷落；下跌Text C1. radiation n.放射，辐射；放射物，放射线2. cosmic n.宇宙的；广大的，无限的3. probe n.太空探测器；探查v.查究，调查4. spurt n.喷射；突然的加速、增强vi.喷出，涌出5. accumulate v.积累，聚集；增加6. excursion n.郊游，远足，游览Text D1. distinguish vt.＆vi.区分，辨别2. phoneme n.音素，音位2. exposure n.暴露，揭露；曝光，曝光时间3. scrutiny n.细察，详审4. sensory a.知觉的，感觉的，感觉器官的5. tailor vt.使合适，修改n.裁缝6. exclusively ad.仅仅，专门地；排他地，独占地难句突破Text A1. There were a Russian with a red band about his cap and a Tass newsreel man who insisted on crawling in among the main actors to get his shots; there was a Canadian general who flubbed his part and signed on the wrong line; there was a carefully tailored Chinese general from Chungking. 【分析】并列复合句。

英语专业四级考试阅读理解方法漫谈阅读理解(一)先读文章，后看题目有的考生在做阅读理解题的时候，喜欢先看题目后读文章。

他们认为这样会节省时间，但是大多数情况下结果与他们的初衷相反。

实际上，在做阅读理解题的时候先看题目不会节省时间，反而会浪费时间。

这是因为如果你先看题目，在你阅读文章的时候你的脑中就会充斥着这些题目，那么你就不能集中注意力。

你就会集中注意力寻找这些题目的答案，从而影响对文章整体的理解。

因此在做阅读理解时要先读文章，后看题目。

以下是一些具体的方法：1．在阅读文章时不要担心时间不够，否则就不能全神贯注于文章内容。

在阅读文章开头几句时，你要联想一下文章的大意：文章是关于什么内容、写的谁、谈论什么事物等。

2．当你继续阅读文章时，要努力识别出文章的文体，即是科普文章、文学作品，还是新闻报道或是别的；同时要识别出作者的写作手法，文章是写给谁看的，作者是带着一种什么样的感情写这篇文章的。

3.在读完文章一遍后，你会对文章的主题和文章的结构有了一定的印象，但是为了准确起见，在你回答问题的时候一定要回过头来再看一遍该文，以确认你的答案。

不要根据自己第一遍阅读时的印象答题，也不要根据自己所掌握的文章以外的知识答题。

4．在阅读题目的时候，要注意一些关键字眼，比如EXCEPT, CANNOT, NOT, INCORRECT 等出题者为了引起考生特别注意的大写词。

阅读理解(二)正确识别题目种类英语专业四级考试的阅读理解题目主要有主旨题、细节题（或事实题）、推断题等。

不同的题目有不同的答题方法，因此正确的判断题目的类型非常重要。

以下是几组主要的题型：主旨题主旨题主要是来测试考生对文章整体大意的理解，这类题目一般以下列形式出现：What does the passage mainly discuss?The main point of the passage is to ...The purpose of this passage is to ...The author’s purpose in writing this passage is ...Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? The principal idea of the article is ...The best title for this passage is ...The passage is mainly concerned with ...The passage mainly concerns ...The main theme of this passage is ...The general idea of the passage is about ...细节题（事实题）此类题目是为了测试考生把握文章细节描写的能力。