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作状语的动词-ing形式具有副词特性。
根据意义，动词-ing形式可作“原因、时间、条件、让步、结果、方式、伴随”等状语。
一、放在句首的动词-ing形式短语根据动词-ing形式短语表示的意义及与句子的关系，放在句首时可作“原因、时间、条件、让步”等状语。
如：Being blind，they cannot use computers.因为是盲人, 他们不能使用计算机。
（原因）Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning.一到学校，孩子们就开始大扫除。
（时间）Hearing the news，we all jumped with joy.一听到这个消息，我们就快乐地跳了起来。
（时间）Being clever enough, you should ask me for more advice.即使你充足聪明，也应该征求我的建议。
（让步）二、放在句末的动词-ing形式短语根据动词-ing形式短语表示的意义及与句子的关系，放在句末时可作“结果、伴随”状语，或补充说明谓语的具体情况。
如：Her parents moved to Shanghai, leaving the house to her.她的父母亲搬到了上海，把房子留给了她。
（说明谓语动词动作发生后产生的结果）The monkey shouted at us，showing its teeth.那猴子露出牙齿对着我们大喊大叫。
（说明谓语动词动作发生的方式）The students walked along the road，talking and laughing.学生们沿着大路一边走，一边说笑。
（说明谓语动词动作发生时还伴随着另一个次要的动作）She works in the manager’s office, dealing with letters and documents.她在经理办公室工作，处理信件和文件。
动词ing做状语
动词ing做状语
1、表示目的
有时，动词的ing形式用来表示一个人为了做某事而做某事，多用于以下句子中：
He was putting on his coat in order to leave home.
他穿上外套准备离开家。
She stayed up late studying for the exam.
她为考试而熬夜学习。
2、表示时间
有时，动词的ing形式用来表示在某一段时间内做某事，多用于以下句子中：
He has been working in the company for five years.
他在公司工作了五年了。
She has been staying at home for two months.
她在家里呆了两个月了。
3、表示原因
有时，动词的ing形式用来表示一个人做某事的原因，多用于以下句子中：
He called to apologize for losing her address.
他打电话道歉是因为他把她的地址弄丢了。
She refused to go to the park because of raining.
她因为下雨而拒绝去公园。
doing作状语1.用法:动词ing作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随动作。
通常可转化成与之相对应的状语从句。
2.分类：(1)作时间状语e.g. Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.= When/While (she was) walking in the park, she saw an old friend.Having finished the work, he went to see his teacher.= After he had finished the work, he went to see his teacher.(2)作原因状语e.g. Being too young, he couldn't join the army.= As he was too young, he couldn't join the army.Not knowing how to get there, I had to ask the way.= As I did not know how to get there, I had to ask the way.(3)作条件状语e.g. Working hard, you'll make great progress.= If you work hard, you'll make great progress.(4)作结果状语e.g. His parents died, leaving him an orphan.= His parents died and left him an orphan.The snow lasted a week, resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.=The snow lasted a week, and resulted in a serious trafficconfusion in the whole area.注意:动词ing形式与不定式均可作结果状语，区别是：动词ing 形式表示顺其自然、意料之中的结果，而不定式则表示不愿看到的、出人意料的结果。
动词ing形式作结果状语1. 生活中的简单场景生活中有很多事情，常常因为我们的一些行为而产生意想不到的结果。
比如说，你是不是也有过这样的经历？早晨起得晚了，急匆匆地穿衣服，结果还没来得及吃早餐就跑去上班。
是不是常常这样？哈哈，赶时间总是让人感到特别匆忙呢。
1.1 吃早餐不充足举个例子，你早晨没时间好好吃早餐，结果整个人一天都没精力，工作时总是犯困。
这种感觉就像是你把油箱加满了，结果只开了一段路，最后发现油量不足。
真的是让人心烦意乱！1.2 忘记带东西还有，偶尔我们会忘记带一些重要的东西，比如手机或者钥匙，这样一来，不但浪费了时间还要重新跑回家去取。
那种感觉就像是你在玩捉迷藏，结果自己被藏了起来。
哈哈，真是让人哭笑不得。
2. 生活中的惊喜与挑战生活中有时候也会因为我们的一些小动作而带来一些惊喜或挑战。
你是不是有过那种情况？比如说，你在家里打扫卫生，意外发现了某个被遗忘已久的东西，简直让人感到特别惊喜！2.1 意外发现旧物比如说，你清理储藏室的时候，突然找到了一本小时候的相册。
这时候，你一定会觉得特别感慨吧？那些照片就像是时光机，让你一下子回到过去，回忆起那些美好的瞬间。
哎呀，真的是让人有种时光倒流的感觉呢！2.2 做菜过程中突发事件再比如说，你在厨房里做饭，不小心把盐加多了，结果菜变得特别咸。
这时候，你可能会觉得非常懊恼，不过有时候，试着加点糖，没准还能让菜品变得特别有味道。
生活中的小插曲总是让人觉得特别有趣。
3. 生活中的小技巧在生活中，我们总是能找到一些小技巧，让我们处理各种问题变得更加得心应手。
比如说，你是否有过这样的经历？工作时遇到问题，尝试用不同的方法去解决，最后得到意想不到的效果。
3.1 用不同方法解决问题有时候，我们用不同的方法处理问题，比如说换一种思路或者尝试其他的工具，结果往往能得到更好的结果。
就像你在做一道难题时，换一种解题方法，有时候能突然看到问题的关键。
哎，这种感觉真的是特别棒！3.2 适应生活的变化生活中的变化总是让人难以预测，但有时候，我们可以通过调整自己的方法来适应这些变化。
动词-ing形式（短语）作状语动词-ing形式（短语）可以作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果或伴随情况等。
此外，动词-ing形式（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。
如：Hearing someone call his name, David went out to see who it was.Being ill for a few days, she doesn't feel like eating anything.Looking on the bright side of things, you will live happily.Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by the boy alone.The song Little Apple is sung all over the country, making it very popular.The guests sat at the table, chatting and laughing.★动词-ing形式（短语）的一般式所表示的动作常与谓语动作同时发生，其完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。
如：Reading the book alone in his room, Peter nodded from time to time.Having eaten too much for supper, Tom couldn't go to sleep.★动词-ing形式（短语）的否定形式常在其前面加not。
如：Not being noticed by anyone, she left the room.★动词-ing形式（短语）作状语时，其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though, as if等连词，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构。
动词的-ing形式作状语一、动词的-ing形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。
它可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作，相当于相对应的状语从句。
二、注：从句的主语和主句的主语必须一致。
即-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语，并表示主动的关系。
三、1.表示时间,代替时间状语从句Walking in the street, I met a friend of mine.=When I walked in the street, I met a friend of mine.2. 表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中She rang him up, hoping to get his support.= As she hoped to get his support, she rang him up.Being ill, he didn’t go to school=As he was ill, he didn’t go to school3.表示条件，多置于句首Working hard, you will succeed.=If you word hard, you will succeed.4.表示让步，多置于句首Being poor, the old man was happy.=Though he was poor, the old man was happy.5.表示结果，常置于句末The boy fell off his bike, breaking his right arm.= The boy fell off his bike, so he broke his right arm.6.表示方式或伴随,多置于句末，也可置于句首1) He sat at the table, reading a magazine.2) Laughing and talking, they went into the room.四、为强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生,在-ing形式短语前可用连词when, while等;为强调在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生,在-ing形式短语前可用连词before或aftere.g. 1) Be careful when crossing the road.2) Don’t laugh while eating.3) Before going abroad, he lived here.4) After watching TV, he went to bed.五、在-ing形式短语前可用介词on,表示“一……就……”e.g. On arriving in Beijing, he went to see his uncle.(= As soon as he arrived in Beijing, he went to see his uncle.)。
动词-ing形式的用法在句子中的位置动词-ing形式是英语中常见的一种形式，它可以用作动词、名词、形容词或副词。
在句子中，动词-ing形式的用法位置有以下几种情况：1. 作主语：动词-ing形式可以作为主语出现在句子中。
例如：作主语：动词-ing形式可以作为主语出现在句子中。
例如：- Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
）- Dancing helps me relax.（跳舞帮助我放松。
）2. 作宾语：动词-ing形式可以作为及物动词的宾语。
例如：作宾语：动词-ing形式可以作为及物动词的宾语。
例如：- I enjoy reading books.（我喜欢读书。
）- She hates doing homework.（她讨厌做作业。
）3. 作表语：动词-ing形式可以作为表语出现在句子中，表示主语的状态或特征。
例如：作表语：动词-ing形式可以作为表语出现在句子中，表示主语的状态或特征。
例如：- His favorite activity is playing soccer.（他最喜欢的活动是踢足球。
）- The most interesting thing about him is his singing ability.（关于他最有趣的事情就是他的唱歌能力。
）4. 作定语：动词-ing形式可以作为定语修饰名词或代词。
例如：作定语：动词-ing形式可以作为定语修饰名词或代词。
例如：- The running water is very clear.（流动的水非常清澈。
）- She bought a loving gift for her mother.（她给妈妈买了一个充满爱意的礼物。
）5. 作状语：动词-ing形式可以作为状语修饰动词、形容词或副词，表示时间、原因、条件等。
例如：作状语：动词-ing形式可以作为状语修饰动词、形容词或副词，表示时间、原因、条件等。
动词-ing形式作状语归纳
1. 作时间状语
-ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。
如：
Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying
.=When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。
Having received his letter, I decided to write back.
=After I had received his letter, I decided to write back.
收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。
2. 作原因状语-ing短语作原因状语置于句首。
如：
Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep.
=Because he was so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. 因为太生气了，他不能入睡。
Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. =Because (As) he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. 因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。
3. 作条件状语
-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。
如：
Working hard, you will succeed.
=If you work hard, you will succeed.
如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。
Having been given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
=If they had been given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 如果对这些树再多注意些，它们可能长得更好。
4. 作让步状语
-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或句末，常与even if，though 连用。
如：
Though working from morning till night, his father didn’t get enough food.
=Alt hough his father worked from morning till night, he didn’t get enough food.
虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。
5. 作伴随状语
置于句首或句末。
如：
They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. =They sang and laughed; they came into the classroom. 他们又唱又笑地走进教室。
注意：
1. -ing短语与when，while，though，until，if等连词连用时，相当于这些连词引导的一个从句。
如：
When working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
=When he worked in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
Though willing to attend the party, he refused the invitation.
=Though he was willing to attend the party, he refused the invitation.
While staying in Beijing, he came to see me twice.
=While he was staying in Beijing, he came to see me twice.
If playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.
=If you play all day, you will waste your valuable time.
Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
=Though it was raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
2. 动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。
如：
He traveled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket.
= When he traveled on the plane like this, he kept the tortoise hidden in a blanket.
小结:
V-ing有其完成式having done，表示分词动作发生于主句动作之前。
表示时间状语时常同连词when，whenever，while，once，until等连用。
分词作状语时，其逻辑主语同主句的主语一致且有逻辑主动关系，往往可转换为相应的状语从句。
V-ing形式的否定not要置于V-ing之前。
如：He sat there, not knowing what to say.
Choose the correct sentence
1. a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face. （X）
b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly. (√)
2. a. Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it. (√)
b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it. (X)
3. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.(X)
b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden.(√)
4. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking.(X)
b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.(√)
5. a. Being fine, we will have the sports meeting next week.(X)
b. It being fine, we will have the sports meeting next week.(√)。
