bi-factor model 高级统计方法

统计软件词汇Absolute deviation, 绝对离差Absolute number, 绝对数Absolute residuals, 绝对残差Acceleration array, 加速度立体阵Acceleration in an arbitrary direction, 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal, 法向加速度Acceleration space dimension, 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential, 切向加速度Acceleration vector, 加速度向量Acceptable hypothesis, 可接受假设Accumulation, 累积Accuracy, 准确度Actual frequency, 实际频数Adaptive estimator, 自适应估计量Addition, 相加Addition theorem, 加法定理Additive Noise, 加性噪声Additivity, 可加性Adjusted rate, 调整率Adjusted value, 校正值Admissible error, 容许误差Aggregation, 聚集性Alpha factoring,α因子法Alternative hypothesis, 备择假设Among groups, 组间Amounts, 总量Analysis of correlation, 相关分析Analysis of covariance, 协方差分析Analysis Of Effects, 效应分析Analysis Of Variance, 方差分析Analysis of regression, 回归分析Analysis of time series, 时间序列分析Analysis of variance, 方差分析Angular transformation, 角转换ANOVA （analysis of variance）, 方差分析ANOVA Models, 方差分析模型ANOVA table and eta, 分组计算方差分析Arcing, 弧/弧旋Arcsine transformation, 反正弦变换Area 区域图Area under the curve, 曲线面积AREG , 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差 ARIMA, 季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计 Arithmetic grid paper, 算术格纸Arithmetic mean, 算术平均数Arrhenius relation, 艾恩尼斯关系Assessing fit, 拟合的评估Associative laws, 结合律Asymmetric distribution, 非对称分布Asymptotic bias, 渐近偏倚Asymptotic efficiency, 渐近效率Asymptotic variance, 渐近方差Attributable risk, 归因危险度Attribute data, 属性资料Attribution, 属性Autocorrelation, 自相关Autocorrelation of residuals, 残差的自相关Average, 平均数Average confidence interval length, 平均置信区间长度Average growth rate, 平均增长率Bar chart, 条形图Bar graph, 条形图Base period, 基期Bayes' theorem , Bayes定理Bell-shaped curve, 钟形曲线Bernoulli distribution, 伯努力分布Best-trim estimator, 最好切尾估计量Bias, 偏性Binary logistic regression, 二元逻辑斯蒂回归Binomial distribution, 二项分布Bisquare, 双平方Bivariate Correlate, 二变量相关Bivariate normal distribution, 双变量正态分布Bivariate normal population, 双变量正态总体Biweight interval, 双权区间Biweight M-estimator, 双权M估计量Block, 区组/配伍组BMDP(Biomedical computer programs), BMDP统计软件包Boxplots, 箱线图/箱尾图Breakdown bound, 崩溃界/崩溃点Canonical correlation, 典型相关Caption, 纵标目Case-control study, 病例对照研究Categorical　variable, 分类变量Catenary, 悬链线Cauchy distribution, 柯西分布Cause-and-effect relationship, 因果关系Cell, 单元Censoring, 终检Center of symmetry, 对称中心Centering and scaling, 中心化和定标Central　tendency, 集中趋势Central value, 中心值CHAID -χ2 Automatic Interaction Detector, 卡方自动交互检测Chance, 机遇Chance error, 随机误差Chance variable, 随机变量Characteristic equation, 特征方程Characteristic root, 特征根Characteristic vector, 特征向量Chebshev criterion of fit, 拟合的切比雪夫准则Chernoff faces, 切尔诺夫脸谱图Chi-square test, 卡方检验/χ2检验Choleskey decomposition, 乔洛斯基分解Circle chart, 圆图Class interval, 组距Class mid-value, 组中值Class upper limit, 组上限Classified variable, 分类变量Cluster analysis, 聚类分析Cluster sampling, 整群抽样Code, 代码Coded data, 编码数据Coding, 编码Coefficient of contingency, 列联系数Coefficient of determination, 决定系数Coefficient of multiple correlation, 多重相关系数Coefficient of partial correlation, 偏相关系数Coefficient of production-moment correlation, 积差相关系数Coefficient of rank correlation, 等级相关系数Coefficient of regression, 回归系数Coefficient of skewness, 偏度系数Coefficient of variation, 变异系数Cohort study, 队列研究Collinearity, 共线性Column, 列Column effect, 列效应Column factor, 列因素Combination pool, 合并Combinative table, 组合表Common factor, 共性因子Common regression coefficient, 公共回归系数Common value, 共同值Common variance, 公共方差Common variation, 公共变异Communality variance, 共性方差Comparability, 可比性Comparison of bathes, 批比较Comparison value, 比较值Compartment model, 分部模型Compassion, 伸缩Complement of an event, 补事件Complete association, 完全正相关Complete dissociation, 完全不相关Complete statistics, 完备统计量Completely randomized design, 完全随机化设计Composite event, 联合事件Composite events, 复合事件Concavity, 凹性Conditional expectation, 条件期望Conditional likelihood, 条件似然Conditional probability, 条件概率Conditionally linear, 依条件线性Confidence interval, 置信区间Confidence limit, 置信限Confidence lower limit, 置信下限Confidence upper limit, 置信上限Confirmatory Factor Analysis , 验证性因子分析Confirmatory research, 证实性实验研究Confounding factor, 混杂因素Conjoint, 联合分析Consistency, 相合性Consistency check, 一致性检验Consistent asymptotically normal estimate, 相合渐近正态估计Consistent estimate, 相合估计Constrained nonlinear regression, 受约束非线性回归Constraint, 约束Contaminated distribution, 污染分布Contaminated Gausssian, 污染高斯分布Contaminated normal distribution, 污染正态分布Contamination, 污染Contamination model, 污染模型Contingency table, 列联表Contour, 边界线Contribution rate, 贡献率Control, 对照, 质量控制图Controlled experiments, 对照实验Conventional depth, 常规深度Convolution, 卷积Corrected factor, 校正因子Corrected mean, 校正均值Correction coefficient, 校正系数Correctness, 正确性Correlation coefficient, 相关系数Correlation, 相关性Correlation index, 相关指数Correspondence, 对应Counting, 计数Counts, 计数/频数Covariance, 协方差Covariant, 共变Cox Regression, Cox回归Criteria for fitting, 拟合准则Criteria of least squares, 最小二乘准则Critical ratio, 临界比Critical region, 拒绝域Critical value, 临界值Cross-over design, 交叉设计Cross-section analysis, 横断面分析Cross-section survey, 横断面调查Crosstabs , 交叉表Crosstabs 列联表分析Cross-tabulation table, 复合表Cube root, 立方根Cumulative distribution function, 分布函数Cumulative probability, 累计概率Curvature, 曲率/弯曲Curvature, 曲率Curve Estimation, 曲线拟合Curve fit , 曲线拟和Curve fitting, 曲线拟合Curvilinear regression, 曲线回归Curvilinear relation, 曲线关系Cut-and-try method, 尝试法Cycle, 周期Cyclist, 周期性D test, D检验Data acquisition, 资料收集Data bank, 数据库Data capacity, 数据容量Data deficiencies, 数据缺乏Data handling, 数据处理Data manipulation, 数据处理Data processing, 数据处理Data reduction, 数据缩减Data set, 数据集Data sources, 数据来源Data transformation, 数据变换Data validity, 数据有效性Data-in, 数据输入Data-out, 数据输出Dead time, 停滞期Degree of freedom, 自由度Degree of precision, 精密度Degree of reliability, 可靠性程度Degression, 递减Density function, 密度函数Density of data points, 数据点的密度Dependent variable, 应变量/依变量/因变量 Dependent variable, 因变量Depth, 深度Derivative matrix, 导数矩阵Derivative-free methods, 无导数方法Design, 设计Determinacy, 确定性Determinant, 行列式Determinant, 决定因素Deviation, 离差Deviation from average, 离均差Diagnostic plot, 诊断图Dichotomous variable, 二分变量Differential equation, 微分方程Direct standardization, 直接标准化法Direct Oblimin, 斜交旋转Discrete variable, 离散型变量DISCRIMINANT, 判断Discriminant analysis, 判别分析Discriminant coefficient, 判别系数Discriminant function, 判别值Dispersion, 散布/分散度Disproportional, 不成比例的Disproportionate sub-class numbers, 不成比例次级组含量Distribution free, 分布无关性/免分布Distribution shape, 分布形状Distribution-free method, 任意分布法Distributive laws, 分配律Disturbance, 随机扰动项Dose response curve, 剂量反应曲线Double blind method, 双盲法Double blind trial, 双盲试验Double exponential distribution, 双指数分布Double logarithmic, 双对数Downward rank, 降秩Dual-space plot, 对偶空间图DUD, 无导数方法Duncan's new multiple range method, 新复极差法/Duncan新法 Error Bar, 均值相关区间图Effect, 实验效应Eigenvalue, 特征值Eigenvector, 特征向量Ellipse, 椭圆Empirical distribution, 经验分布Empirical probability, 经验概率单位Enumeration data, 计数资料Equal sun-class number, 相等次级组含量 Equally likely, 等可能Equivariance, 同变性Error, 误差/错误Error of estimate, 估计误差Error type I, 第一类错误Error type II, 第二类错误Estimand, 被估量Estimated error mean squares, 估计误差均方Estimated error sum of squares, 估计误差平方和Euclidean distance, 欧式距离Event, 事件Event, 事件Exceptional data point, 异常数据点Expectation plane, 期望平面Expectation surface, 期望曲面Expected values, 期望值Experiment, 实验Experimental sampling, 试验抽样Experimental unit, 试验单位Explained variance （已说明方差）Explanatory variable, 说明变量Exploratory data analysis, 探索性数据分析Explore Summarize, 探索-摘要Exponential curve, 指数曲线Exponential growth, 指数式增长EXSMOOTH, 指数平滑方法Extended fit, 扩充拟合Extra parameter, 附加参数Extrapolation, 外推法Extreme observation, 末端观测值Extremes, 极端值/极值F distribution, F分布F test, F检验Factor, 因素/因子Factor analysis, 因子分析Factor Analysis, 因子分析Factor score, 因子得分Factorial, 阶乘Factorial design, 析因试验设计False negative, 假阴性False negative error, 假阴性错误Family of distributions, 分布族Family of estimators, 估计量族Fanning, 扇面Fatality rate, 病死率Field investigation, 现场调查Field survey, 现场调查Finite　population, 有限总体Finite-sample, 有限样本First derivative, 一阶导数First principal component, 第一主成分First quartile, 第一四分位数Fisher information, 费雪信息量Fitted value, 拟合值Fitting a curve, 曲线拟合Fixed base, 定基Fluctuation, 随机起伏Forecast, 预测Four fold table, 四格表Fourth, 四分点Fraction blow, 左侧比率Fractional error, 相对误差Frequency, 频率Frequency polygon, 频数多边图Frontier point, 界限点Function relationship, 泛函关系Gamma distribution, 伽玛分布Gauss increment, 高斯增量Gaussian distribution, 高斯分布/正态分布Gauss-Newton increment, 高斯-牛顿增量General census, 全面普查Generalized least squares, 综合最小平方法GENLOG (Generalized liner models), 广义线性模型 Geometric mean, 几何平均数Gini's mean difference, 基尼均差GLM (General liner models), 通用线性模型 Goodness of fit, 拟和优度/配合度Gradient of determinant, 行列式的梯度Graeco-Latin square, 希腊拉丁方Grand mean, 总均值Gross errors, 重大错误Gross-error sensitivity, 大错敏感度Group averages, 分组平均Grouped data, 分组资料Guessed mean, 假定平均数Half-life, 半衰期Hampel M-estimators, 汉佩尔M估计量Happenstance, 偶然事件Harmonic mean, 调和均数Hazard function, 风险均数Hazard rate, 风险率Heading, 标目Heavy-tailed distribution, 重尾分布Hessian array, 海森立体阵Heterogeneity, 不同质Heterogeneity of variance, 方差不齐Hierarchical classification, 组内分组Hierarchical clustering method, 系统聚类法High-leverage point, 高杠杆率点High-Low, 低区域图Higher Order Interaction Effects，高阶交互作用HILOGLINEAR, 多维列联表的层次对数线性模型Hinge, 折叶点Histogram, 直方图Historical cohort study, 历史性队列研究 Holes, 空洞HOMALS, 多重响应分析Homogeneity of variance, 方差齐性Homogeneity test, 齐性检验Huber M-estimators, 休伯M估计量Hyperbola, 双曲线Hypothesis testing, 假设检验Hypothetical universe, 假设总体Image factoring,, 多元回归法Impossible event, 不可能事件Independence, 独立性Independent variable, 自变量Index, 指标/指数Indirect standardization, 间接标准化法Individual, 个体Inference band, 推断带Infinite　population, 无限总体Infinitely great, 无穷大Infinitely small, 无穷小Influence curve, 影响曲线Information capacity, 信息容量Initial condition, 初始条件Initial estimate, 初始估计值Initial level, 最初水平Interaction, 交互作用Interaction terms, 交互作用项Intercept, 截距Interpolation, 内插法Interquartile range, 四分位距Interval estimation, 区间估计Intervals of equal probability, 等概率区间Intrinsic curvature, 固有曲率Invariance, 不变性Inverse matrix, 逆矩阵Inverse probability, 逆概率Inverse sine transformation, 反正弦变换Iteration, 迭代Jacobian determinant, 雅可比行列式Joint distribution function, 分布函数Joint probability, 联合概率Joint probability distribution, 联合概率分布K-Means Cluster逐步聚类分析K means method, 逐步聚类法Kaplan-Meier, 评估事件的时间长度Kaplan-Merier chart, Kaplan-Merier图Kendall's rank correlation, Kendall等级相关Kinetic, 动力学Kolmogorov-Smirnove test, 柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验Kruskal and Wallis test, Kruskal及Wallis检验/多样本的秩和检验/H检验Kurtosis, 峰度Lack of fit, 失拟Ladder of powers, 幂阶梯Lag, 滞后Large sample, 大样本Large sample test, 大样本检验Latin square, 拉丁方Latin square design, 拉丁方设计Leakage, 泄漏Least favorable configuration, 最不利构形Least favorable distribution, 最不利分布Least significant difference, 最小显著差法Least square method, 最小二乘法Least Squared Criterion，最小二乘方准则Least-absolute-residuals estimates, 最小绝对残差估计Least-absolute-residuals fit, 最小绝对残差拟合Least-absolute-residuals line, 最小绝对残差线Legend, 图例L-estimator, L估计量L-estimator of location, 位置L估计量L-estimator of scale, 尺度L估计量Level, 水平Leveage Correction，杠杆率校正Life expectance, 预期期望寿命Life table, 寿命表Life table method, 生命表法Light-tailed distribution, 轻尾分布Likelihood function, 似然函数Likelihood ratio, 似然比line graph, 线图Linear correlation, 直线相关Linear equation, 线性方程Linear programming, 线性规划Linear regression, 直线回归Linear Regression, 线性回归Linear trend, 线性趋势Loading, 载荷Location and scale equivariance, 位置尺度同变性Location equivariance, 位置同变性Location invariance, 位置不变性Location scale family, 位置尺度族Log rank test, 时序检验Logarithmic curve, 对数曲线Logarithmic normal distribution, 对数正态分布Logarithmic scale, 对数尺度Logarithmic transformation, 对数变换Logic check, 逻辑检查Logistic distribution, 逻辑斯特分布Logit transformation, Logit转换LOGLINEAR, 多维列联表通用模型Lognormal distribution, 对数正态分布Lost function, 损失函数Low correlation, 低度相关Lower limit, 下限Lowest-attained variance, 最小可达方差LSD, 最小显著差法的简称Lurking variable, 潜在变量Main effect, 主效应Major heading, 主辞标目Marginal density function, 边缘密度函数Marginal probability, 边缘概率Marginal probability distribution, 边缘概率分布Matched data, 配对资料Matched distribution, 匹配过分布Matching of distribution, 分布的匹配Matching of transformation, 变换的匹配Mathematical expectation, 数学期望Mathematical model, 数学模型Maximum L-estimator, 极大极小L 估计量Maximum likelihood method, 最大似然法Mean, 均数Mean squares between groups, 组间均方Mean squares within group, 组内均方Means (Compare means), 均值-均值比较Median, 中位数Median effective dose, 半数效量Median lethal dose, 半数致死量Median polish, 中位数平滑Median test, 中位数检验Minimal sufficient statistic, 最小充分统计量Minimum distance estimation, 最小距离估计Minimum effective dose, 最小有效量Minimum lethal dose, 最小致死量Minimum variance estimator, 最小方差估计量MINITAB, 统计软件包Minor heading, 宾词标目Missing data, 缺失值Model specification, 模型的确定Modeling Statistics , 模型统计Models for outliers, 离群值模型Modifying the model, 模型的修正Modulus of continuity, 连续性模Morbidity, 发病率Most favorable configuration, 最有利构形MSC（多元散射校正）Multidimensional Scaling (ASCAL), 多维尺度/多维标度Multinomial Logistic Regression , 多项逻辑斯蒂回归Multiple comparison, 多重比较Multiple correlation , 复相关Multiple covariance, 多元协方差Multiple linear regression, 多元线性回归Multiple response , 多重选项Multiple solutions, 多解Multiplication theorem, 乘法定理Multiresponse, 多元响应Multi-stage sampling, 多阶段抽样Multivariate T distribution, 多元T分布Mutual exclusive, 互不相容Mutual independence, 互相独立Natural boundary, 自然边界Natural dead, 自然死亡Natural zero, 自然零Negative correlation, 负相关Negative linear correlation, 负线性相关Negatively skewed, 负偏Newman-Keuls method, q检验NK method, q检验No statistical significance, 无统计意义Nominal variable, 名义变量Nonconstancy of variability, 变异的非定常性Nonlinear regression, 非线性相关Nonparametric statistics, 非参数统计Nonparametric test, 非参数检验Nonparametric tests, 非参数检验Normal deviate, 正态离差Normal distribution, 正态分布Normal equation, 正规方程组Normal P-P, 正态概率分布图Normal Q-Q, 正态概率单位分布图Normal ranges, 正常范围Normal value, 正常值Normalization 归一化Nuisance parameter, 多余参数/讨厌参数Null hypothesis, 无效假设Numerical　variable, 数值变量Objective function, 目标函数Observation unit, 观察单位Observed value, 观察值One sided test, 单侧检验One-way analysis of variance, 单因素方差分析Oneway ANOVA , 单因素方差分析Open sequential trial, 开放型序贯设计Optrim, 优切尾Optrim efficiency, 优切尾效率Order statistics, 顺序统计量Ordered　categories, 有序分类Ordinal logistic regression , 序数逻辑斯蒂回归Ordinal variable, 有序变量Orthogonal basis, 正交基Orthogonal design, 正交试验设计Orthogonality conditions, 正交条件ORTHOPLAN, 正交设计Outlier cutoffs, 离群值截断点Outliers, 极端值OVERALS , 多组变量的非线性正规相关 Overshoot, 迭代过度Paired design, 配对设计Paired sample, 配对样本Pairwise slopes, 成对斜率Parabola, 抛物线Parallel tests, 平行试验Parameter, 参数Parametric statistics, 参数统计Parametric test, 参数检验Pareto, 直条构成线图（又称佩尔托图）Partial correlation, 偏相关Partial regression, 偏回归Partial sorting, 偏排序Partials residuals, 偏残差Pattern, 模式PCA（主成分分析）Pearson curves, 皮尔逊曲线Peeling, 退层Percent bar graph, 百分条形图Percentage, 百分比Percentile, 百分位数Percentile curves, 百分位曲线Periodicity, 周期性Permutation, 排列P-estimator, P估计量Pie graph, 构成图,饼图Pitman estimator, 皮特曼估计量Pivot, 枢轴量Planar, 平坦Planar assumption, 平面的假设PLANCARDS, 生成试验的计划卡PLS（偏最小二乘法）Point estimation, 点估计Poisson distribution, 泊松分布Polishing, 平滑Polled standard deviation, 合并标准差Polled variance, 合并方差Polygon, 多边图Polynomial, 多项式Polynomial curve, 多项式曲线Population, 总体Population attributable risk, 人群归因危险度Positive correlation, 正相关Positively skewed, 正偏Posterior distribution, 后验分布Power of a test, 检验效能Precision, 精密度Predicted value, 预测值Preliminary analysis, 预备性分析Principal axis factoring,主轴因子法Principal component analysis, 主成分分析Prior distribution, 先验分布Prior probability, 先验概率Probabilistic model, 概率模型probability, 概率Probability density, 概率密度Product moment, 乘积矩/协方差Profile trace, 截面迹图Proportion, 比/构成比Proportion allocation in stratified random sampling, 按比例分层随机抽样Proportionate, 成比例Proportionate sub-class numbers, 成比例次级组含量Prospective study, 前瞻性调查Proximities, 亲近性Pseudo F test, 近似F检验Pseudo model, 近似模型Pseudosigma, 伪标准差Purposive sampling, 有目的抽样QR decomposition, QR分解Quadratic approximation, 二次近似Qualitative classification, 属性分类Qualitative method, 定性方法Quantile-quantile plot, 分位数-分位数图/Q-Q图Quantitative analysis, 定量分析Quartile, 四分位数Quick Cluster, 快速聚类Radix sort, 基数排序Random allocation, 随机化分组Random blocks design, 随机区组设计Random event, 随机事件Randomization, 随机化Range, 极差/全距Rank correlation, 等级相关Rank sum test, 秩和检验Rank test, 秩检验Ranked data, 等级资料Rate, 比率Ratio, 比例Raw data, 原始资料Raw residual, 原始残差Rayleigh's test, 雷氏检验Rayleigh's Z, 雷氏Z值Reciprocal, 倒数Reciprocal transformation, 倒数变换Recording, 记录Redescending estimators, 回降估计量Reducing dimensions, 降维Re-expression, 重新表达Reference set, 标准组Region of acceptance, 接受域Regression coefficient, 回归系数Regression sum of square, 回归平方和 Rejection point, 拒绝点Relative dispersion, 相对离散度Relative number, 相对数Reliability, 可靠性Reparametrization, 重新设置参数Replication, 重复Report Summaries, 报告摘要Residual sum of square, 剩余平方和residual variance (剩余方差) Resistance, 耐抗性Resistant line, 耐抗线Resistant technique, 耐抗技术R-estimator of location, 位置R估计量R-estimator of scale, 尺度R估计量Retrospective study, 回顾性调查Ridge trace, 岭迹Ridit analysis, Ridit分析Rotation, 旋转Rounding, 舍入Row, 行Row effects, 行效应Row factor, 行因素RXC table, RXC表Sample, 样本Sample regression coefficient, 样本回归系数Sample　size, 样本量Sample standard deviation, 样本标准差Sampling error, 抽样误差SAS(Statistical analysis system ), SAS统计软件包Scale, 尺度/量表Scatter diagram, 散点图Schematic plot, 示意图/简图Score test, 计分检验Screening, 筛检SEASON, 季节分析Second derivative, 二阶导数Second principal component, 第二主成分SEM (Structural equation modeling), 结构化方程模型 Semi-logarithmic graph, 半对数图Semi-logarithmic paper, 半对数格纸Sensitivity curve, 敏感度曲线Sequential analysis, 贯序分析Sequence, 普通序列图Sequential data set, 顺序数据集Sequential design, 贯序设计Sequential method, 贯序法Sequential test, 贯序检验法Serial tests, 系列试验Short-cut method, 简捷法Sigmoid curve, S形曲线Sign function, 正负号函数Sign test, 符号检验Signed rank, 符号秩Significant Level, 显著水平Significance test, 显著性检验Significant figure, 有效数字Simple cluster sampling, 简单整群抽样Simple correlation, 简单相关Simple random sampling, 简单随机抽样Simple regression, 简单回归simple table, 简单表Sine estimator, 正弦估计量Single-valued estimate, 单值估计Singular matrix, 奇异矩阵Skewed distribution, 偏斜分布Skewness, 偏度Slash distribution, 斜线分布Slope, 斜率Smirnov test, 斯米尔诺夫检验Source of variation, 变异来源Spearman rank correlation, 斯皮尔曼等级相关Specific factor, 特殊因子Specific factor variance, 特殊因子方差Spectra , 频谱Spherical distribution, 球型正态分布Spread, 展布SPSS(Statistical package for the social science), SPSS统计软件包Spurious correlation, 假性相关Square root transformation, 平方根变换Stabilizing variance, 稳定方差Standard deviation, 标准差Standard error, 标准误Standard error of difference, 差别的标准误Standard error of estimate, 标准估计误差Standard error of rate, 率的标准误Standard normal distribution, 标准正态分布Standardization, 标准化Starting value, 起始值Statistic, 统计量Statistical control, 统计控制Statistical graph, 统计图Statistical inference, 统计推断Statistical table, 统计表Steepest descent, 最速下降法Stem and leaf display, 茎叶图Step factor, 步长因子Stepwise regression, 逐步回归Storage, 存Strata, 层（复数）Stratified sampling, 分层抽样Stratified sampling, 分层抽样Strength, 强度Stringency, 严密性Structural relationship, 结构关系Studentized residual, 学生化残差/t化残差Sub-class numbers, 次级组含量Subdividing, 分割Sufficient statistic, 充分统计量Sum of products, 积和Sum of squares, 离差平方和Sum of squares about regression, 回归平方和Sum of squares between groups, 组间平方和Sum of squares of partial regression, 偏回归平方和Sure event, 必然事件Survey, 调查Survival, 生存分析Survival rate, 生存率Suspended root gram, 悬吊根图Symmetry, 对称Systematic error, 系统误差Systematic sampling, 系统抽样Tags, 标签Tail area, 尾部面积Tail length, 尾长Tail weight, 尾重Tangent line, 切线Target distribution, 目标分布Taylor series, 泰勒级数Test(检验)Test of linearity, 线性检验Tendency　of　dispersion, 离散趋势Testing of hypotheses, 假设检验Theoretical frequency, 理论频数Time series, 时间序列Tolerance interval, 容忍区间Tolerance lower limit, 容忍下限Tolerance upper limit, 容忍上限Torsion, 扰率Total sum of square, 总平方和Total variation, 总变异Transformation, 转换Treatment, 处理Trend, 趋势Trend of percentage, 百分比趋势Trial, 试验Trial and error method, 试错法Tuning constant, 细调常数Two sided test, 双向检验Two-stage least squares, 二阶最小平方Two-stage sampling, 二阶段抽样Two-tailed test, 双侧检验Two-way analysis of variance, 双因素方差分析Two-way table, 双向表Type I error, 一类错误/α错误Type II error, 二类错误/β错误UMVU, 方差一致最小无偏估计简称Unbiased estimate, 无偏估计Unconstrained nonlinear regression , 无约束非线性回归Unequal subclass number, 不等次级组含量Ungrouped data, 不分组资料Uniform coordinate, 均匀坐标Uniform distribution, 均匀分布Uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimate, 方差一致最小无偏估计Unit, 单元Unordered　categories, 无序分类Unweighted least squares, 未加权最小平方法Upper limit, 上限Upward rank, 升秩Vague concept, 模糊概念Validity, 有效性VARCOMP (Variance component estimation), 方差元素估计Variability, 变异性Variable, 变量Variance, 方差Variation, 变异Varimax orthogonal rotation, 方差最大正交旋转Volume of distribution, 容积W test, W检验Weibull distribution, 威布尔分布Weight, 权数Weighted Chi-square test, 加权卡方检验/Cochran检验Weighted linear regression method, 加权直线回归Weighted mean, 加权平均数Weighted mean square, 加权平均方差Weighted sum of square, 加权平方和Weighting coefficient, 权重系数Weighting method, 加权法W-estimation, W估计量W-estimation of location, 位置W估计量Width, 宽度Wilcoxon paired test, 威斯康星配对法/配对符号秩和检验Wild point, 野点/狂点Wild value, 野值/狂值Winsorized mean, 缩尾均值Withdraw, 失访Youden's index, 尤登指数Z test, Z检验Zero correlation, 零相关Z-transformation, Z变换。

农业统计口译词汇 (来自联合国译员) Agricultural Statistics 农业统计(E-C)-- (FAO)abridged life table简易生命表abrupt change突变abrupt distribution陡度分布abscissa横坐标absolute deviation绝对误差absolute frequency绝对频率absolute moment about an arbitrary value 任意价值的绝对矩量absolute variability绝对可变性absolutely unbiased estimator绝对无偏估计量absorbing state吸收状态abstract measure抽象测度acceptable quality level合格质量水平，可接受的质量水平acceptable reliability level可接受的可靠性水平acceptance boundary接受（合格）界限acceptance inspection验收检验，合格检验acceptance line合格线acceptance number合格数acceptance region接受域，承认域acceptance sampling可接受抽样，合格抽样acceptance sampling plan抽样验收方案accession rate就业增长率accession rate to the labour force 劳动就业率accidental sampling偶然抽样accumulated deviation累积离差accuracy精确度，准确度activity diversity index活动多样性指数activity ratio活动率actual price实际价格additive process可加过程additive property of means平均值的可加特性additivity of means平均值的可加性adjusted index (pl. indices)调整指数adjusted rate调整率adjustment (of data)调整advance estimate事先估计，事前估计age distribution年龄分布，船龄分布，帐龄分布, 年龄结构age group年龄组age pyramid年龄金字塔ageing of the population人口老化，人口老龄化age-specific divorce rate按年龄的离婚率age-specific marital fertility rate按年龄的已婚妇女生育率age-specific marriage rate按年龄的结婚率age-specific overall fertility rate按年龄的总生育率aggregate (adj.)总的，总体的aggregate data总量数据，综合数据aggregate economic activity综合经济活动aggregate error差错总计aggregate household food security index 综合家庭粮食安全指数aggregate level总体水平aggregate (n.)总量、累积，综合指标（名词）aggregate (v.)总计，聚集（动词）aggregate value总值，总合价值aggregate value added总合增值，增值价值总计aggregated food accounts粮食总帐户aggregative index (pl. indices)综合指数aggregative model综合模式，总体模式aggregative price index (pl. indices)综合价格指数agricultural census农业普查agricultural population农业人口agricultural price index numbers农产品价格指数agricultural production index numbers 农业生产指数agricultural statistics农业统计agricultural survey农业调查agricultural year农业年aligned systematic sample配套系统样品alignment chart调正列线图，计算图表allocation of sampling units抽样单位分配allokurtic (adj.)异峰态的allowable defect容许缺陷amount of information信息量amount of inspection检查量，检查次数amplitude ratio幅比analysis of crop response to fertilizers 肥料的产量效应分析ancillary estimator辅助估计量ancillary statistic辅助统计量animal production statistics家畜生产统计annual death probability年度死亡概率annual time unit年度时间单位anomic (adj.)反常的antimode反众数area in owner-like possession类似土地所有者的(自耕)耕地面积area operated on a squatter basis擅自占有者的耕地面积area operated under tribal tenure forms 部落占有形式的耕地面积area owned拥有产权的土地面积area rented from others向他人租用的土地面积area sampling地区抽样areal breakdown区域分类areal grid区域坐标arithmetic mean算术平均数，算术平均值array (n.)序列array (v.)排列，列阵ascertainment error查明的误差assignable cause不可忽视的原因assumed model假定模型asymptotic efficiency渐近效率，渐近有效性asymptotically efficient estimator渐近有效估计量asymptotically unbiased estimator渐近无偏估计量attribute plan属性取样计划，品质取样计划autocatalytic curve自催化曲线autocorrelation coefficient自相关系数autoregression自动回归autoregressive integrated moving average processprocess综合自回归移动平均过程autoregressive process自回归过程average amount of inspection 平均检验数average (n.)平均数，算术平均数average outgoing quality平均出厂合格率，平均交付质量average sample number平均抽样量，平均值抽样数average sample number curve 平均抽样数量曲线，平均样本数曲线average (v.)平均计算avoirdupois常衡吨axonometric chart轴线测定图balance of migration移入移出的差额balance sheet借贷对照表，资产负债表balanced (adj.)平衡的balanced confounding平衡混杂balanced design平衡设计balanced error对称误差balanced factorial experimental design 平衡析因实验设计balanced incomplete block平衡不完全区组balanced incomplete block design平衡不完全区组设计balanced lattice平衡构架balanced lattice square平衡方构架balanced sample平衡样本，对称样本balanced sampling平衡抽样band chart阴影图，带形图bar chart棒状图表base line基线base (of an index)指数基础base (of classification)(分类)基础base period基期base reversal test换基检验base weighting基期加权base year基期年度，基年baseline data基准数据baseline survey基准调查base-weighted index (pl. indices) 基期加权指数basic and processed data基础加工数据basic facts基本数据basic plot基本田块batch批量，批batch variation批变异bell-shaped curve钟形曲线benchmark基准点benchmark data基准数据benchmark index (pl. indices)基准指数benchmark statistics基本统计，标志性统计数据Bernoulli distribution伯努里分布，两项式概率分布best absolutely unbiased estimator 最佳绝对无偏估计量best critical region最佳临界区域best fit最佳拟合，最佳配合best linear estimator最佳线性估计量best linear unbiased estimator最佳线性无偏估计量between-groups variance组间变异，组间方差bias偏差，经济预测中的倾向性biased estimator有偏估计量，偏误估计量bifactor model双因素模式，双因子模型bimodal distribution双峰分布binomial distribution两项式分布binomial expansion两项展开式，两项式展开binomial of negative exponent负指数两项式binomially-weighted average两项加权平均数biometrician生物统计学家biometry生物统计学biostatistics生物统计biostatistics of reproduction生物繁殖统计学家birth of order二序出生birth order statistics出生顺序统计birth rate出生率birth-and-death process生死过程biserial correlation双列相关，双序列相关bivariate analysis双变数分析bivariate binomial distribution二元二项分布bivariate distribution双变数分配bivariate frequency distribution二元频率分布bivariate negative binomial distribution二维负二项分布bivariate normal distribution distribution二元正态分布bivariate statistical series双变量统计序列block demonstration分组示范，分批示范block diagram分组图block method分组方法block sampling分组抽样branching process分支过程break (in a statistical series) 中断breakdown of results结果分类bulk sample散装货物样品bulk sampling散装货物抽样calendar variations季节变差，季度变动calendar year日历年度，历年canonical correlation典型相关，典型对比canonical variate标准变量canvass (v.)调访capture-release sampling捉放抽样cartogram地图图示法cascade process阶式过程，多阶段过程case fatality rate疾病致死率case fatality ratio疾病致死比catch and landing statistics 捕捞－上岸量统计cattle number家畜头数cause-specific mortality rate 分原因死亡率cell frequency单位频率cell <in table>(表的) 单元格censal (adj.)纳税的censored distribution删截样本分布censored test删截样本测验censoring审查，删截census calendar普查时间表census coverage普查范围census family人口普查的家庭；统计的家庭census frame普查构架census item普查项目census population普查人口census schedule普查表census scope普查范围census survey普查census test普查试点census-taking进行普查centile百分值，百分位数centile range百分值区间central confidence interval 中心置信区间central death rate中心死亡率central factorial moment中心阶乘矩central limit theorem中心极限定理central moment中心矩central tendency中心趋势centred moment of order q q序列中心矩centred random variable中心随机变量certain event必然事件certainty of an event事件的确定性chain index (pl. indices)连锁指数，连续指数change-of-base test基数变动试验changeover trial换兑试验，转期试验Charlier check沙利尔验算法，查利复检法chart计算图，图chi-square(d) distribution卡方分布chi-square(d) statistic卡方统计, 卡方分布变量chi-square(d) test卡方检验chi-statistic卡式统计chunk sampling自然分组抽样circular distribution循环分布circular test循环检验circular triad循环三元组class frequency组频数class interval组距class mark组值classification by work status 按就业状况分类closed population封闭式人口，封闭性人口closed sequential scheme闭合连续方案closeness (in estimation)(估计的)接近程度closeness of agreement between results 结果之间的一致程度closeness to true value与真实价值的接近程度，与实际价值的接近程度cluster analysis群集分析法cluster sampling群集抽样法，成类抽样法coding (of statistical data)(统计数据)编码coding scheme编码计划，编码方案coefficient of agreement一致性系数coefficient of association伴联系数，关联系数coefficient of colligation综合系数coefficient of consistence一致性系数coefficient of disarray无序系数coefficient of disturbancy扰动系数coefficient of kurtosis峰度系数，峰态系数coefficient of multiple determination复测定系数coefficient of product(-)moment correlation 积矩系数coefficient of reliability可靠性系数coefficient of variation变差系数，变异系数cohort analysis队列分析，组群分析cohort life table队列生命表cohort measure队列度量, 队列指数cohort rate队列率, 世代率，产出率cohort reproduction rate队列再生产率, 世代再生产率collapsed strata折迭层collection of statistical data统计数据的收集column diagram柱形图表combinatorial analysis组合分析combinatorial power mean组合幂均值commodity coverage商品范围commodity table商品表，商品目录common factor space共商空间common factor variance共商差异communicator信息人员commuting交换comparative density index (pl. indices) 人口密度比较指标comparison base比较基数compensating error补偿误差，冲销差错compilation of data编制数据complete coverage完整总体，完全的包括范围complete enumeration全数调查，全面调查completed fertility完全生育率completely randomized design完全随机化设计completely randomized factorial design 完全随机化析因设计completeness完整性complex table复式表component analysis分量分析，组成成分分析component bar chart合成条线，分量条形图composite hypothesis综合假设composite index (pl. indices)综合指数composite sampling复合抽样composite sampling scheme复合抽样方案compound frequency distribution 复合频率分布compound probability复合概率，合成概率compressed limits压缩界限compromise allocation折衷分析concordant sample协调样本conditional distribution条件分布conditional expectation条件期望conditional mean of YY的条件均值conditional probability条件概率conditional statistic条件统计量confidence coefficient置信系数confidence interval置信区间confidence level可信赖程度，置信水平confidence limit置信界限confidence limits置信界限confidence region置信区域confluence analysis合流分析confounded factorial design 混杂析因设计confounding混杂，混杂设计conjugate latin squares共轭拉丁方阵conjugate ranking共轭排列conservative process守恒过程consistency check一致性检验consistency index一致性指数consistent estimate一致估计值，相容估计consistent estimator一致估计量consistent statistic一致统计量constant failure rate不变故障率constant risk estimator固定风险估计量constraint约束条件consumer preference study消费者喜好研究consumer price index (pl. indices) 消费价格指数consumer's risk消费者风险contagious distribution嵌纹分布，核心分布contingency coefficient列联系数contingency table相依表，分割表continuous frequency distribution 连续频率分布continuous frequency function连续频率函数continuous random variable连续随机变量continuous scale连续比例continuous variable连续变量contour chart等值线图，等高线图control chart管理图表，质量评估图converge (v.) in probability to y 趋向y的概率性收敛converge (v.) stochastically to y 趋向y的概率性收敛conversion factor换算系数，转换因子convolution卷积，褶合corner test象限检验法corrected moment修正矩corrected rate校正率correction for abruptness陡度分布的校正correction for attenuation衰减校正correction for bias偏差的校正correction for continuity连续性的校正correction for grouping归组校正correlated variate sampling 相关变量抽样correlated variates相关变量correlation coefficient相关系数correlation matrix相关矩阵correlation ratio相关比correlation table相关表cost function成本功能，成本函数cost insurance freight成本、保险加运费，到岸价格cost-of-living index生活费用指数country brief国家概况country case study国家实例研究country data国家数据country notes国家说明covariance analysis协方差分析covariance matrix协方差矩阵coverage范围，覆盖区coverage error范围误差Cram閞-Rao inequality克莱姆－拉奥不等式critical level of significance 有效临界水平，显著性临界水平critical region判域critical value临界值，临界价crop yield作物产量cross section横截面，剖面cross-checking交互检查，相互核对cross-classification交叉分类cross-correlation互相关，交叉相关cross-country study跨国研究crossed-weight index number交叉加权指数cross-over design分期处理轮换设计，交叉设计cross-sectional analysis典型分析，横断面分析, 截面分析，横切分析cross-sectional index number交叉指数cross-sectional survey截面调查cross-tabulation交叉汇总，交叉制表crude birth rate总出生率，粗出生率crude death rate粗死亡率crude marriage rate粗结婚率crude rate粗算概率crypto-deterministic process隐定过程cubic lattice立方晶格，立方点阵cuboidal lattice design似立方晶格设计，似立方点阵设计cumulant-generating function累积量生成函数cumulated first marriage frequency累积初婚频率cumulative absolute frequency累积绝对频率cumulative absolute frequency polygon 累积绝对频率多边形cumulative chart累积图表cumulative error累积误差cumulative fertility累积生育率cumulative frequency累积频率cumulative frequency curve累积频率曲线cumulative frequency distribution累积频率分布cumulative normal distribution累积正态分布，累积常态分布cumulative relative frequency polygon 累积相对频率多边形cumulative sum distribution累积总合分布current population statistics现有人口统计current school statistics经常教育统计资料current statistics现时统计数字curtailed inspection缩减检验curtailed sampling缩略抽样curve fitting曲线拟合，曲线配合curve of concentration集中曲线curvilinear regression曲线型回归cut-off level截止水平，截止点cyclical fluctuation周期性波动，循环变动周期性波动cyclical movement周期变动，周期运动cyclical peaks and troughs循环性波峰和波谷dairy cattle number奶牛头数damped oscillation阻尼振荡，衰减振荡damping factor衰减因数，阻尼因数data not available无数据data quality indicators数据质量指标day-labourer做零工的工人，做日工的工人de facto population实际人口de jure population常住人口death probability死亡概率death rate死亡率death rate of the stationary population 稳定人口的死亡率decile十分位数，频率分配中的十分位decile range十分位幅度decision function决策函数decision space决策空间decision-making决策deep stratification深度层化，深度分层法defective unit缺陷单位deflating缩减，收缩deflator紧缩指数，销胀指数degree of freedom自由度degree of kurtosis峰度值degree of randomness随机程度demographic and health survey人口及死亡调查depopulation人口减少derived index派生指数，导出指数de script ive statistics描述统计学，叙述统计deterministic process确定性过程detrimental variable有害变量development of indicators制定指标deviance偏差deviation from the arithmetic mean 与算术平均值的差离diet recall膳食调查；访谈调查；访谈粮食调查dietary survey膳食调查differential covariation差量协变differential mortality差别死亡率direct interview直接访谈，直接调访direct method of standardization直接标准化法direct sampling直接取样disability-adjusted life year残疾因素校正寿命disassociated attributes分解属性discontinuous frequency distribution distribution不连续频率分布discontinuous frequency function不连续频率函数discordant sample不和谐样本discrete process离散过程discrete random variable离散随机变量discrete series间断数列discriminatory analysis差别分析dispersion matrix离散矩disproportionate sub-class numbers 不成比例分小组含量dissimilarity index (pl. indices)不相似指数distributed lag已分摊差滞，分配迟延distribution curvecumulative frequency curve分布曲线，分配销售曲线distribution functionfunction分布函数，分配函数distribution of incomes收入分配distribution of the pairs对偶分布distribution-free confidence interval 非参数置信区间distribution-free method自由分布法，非参数法distribution-free test非参数检验disturbed harmonic process被扰动的调和过程divorce rate离婚率dot chart点表dot map点图double attrition table复式损耗表double confounding重复混杂double counting重复计算double logarithmic chart loglog graph双对数变换double sampling双重抽样double-stage sampling 双级抽样downcross下降交叉，向下交叉downward bias偏低，向下偏倚downward trend下降趋势，趋跌draw (v.) a list开列清单，编制清单drawing of a sample sample drawing抽样dummy observation虚拟观测值dummy variable虚拟变量，虚变数duplicate sample副样，备份样品duplicated sample复制样品dwelling unit住宅单位economically active populationpopulation经济活动人口，参加经济活动的人口economically active population in agriculture 参加农业经济活动的人口editing (of statistical data)编制(统计数据)educational status教育程度，文化程度effective range有效范围effectiveness indexindex有效性指数effectiveness of migration streams迁移流量有效性efficiency factor效率因素efficiency (of estimator)(估算员)效率efficient estimate估定效率elementary unit基本人口employed population就业人口end correction端面校正，边界效应校正enumeration计数enumeration area普查区，调查区enumeration unit计数单位enumerator调查员，普查员equally likely events 等可能事件equal-tails test等尾检验equiprobable (adj.) 等概率的ergodic process遍历性过程ergodicity遍历性erratic curve无规律曲线，不规则曲线error band误差带error function误差函数error in equations方程组误差error in surveys调查误差，普查误差error mean square均方误差error of estimate估计误差error of first kind第一类误差error of grouping分组误差error of observation观测误差error of second kind第二类误差error sum of squares 误差平方和error variance误差变数estimate估计数，估计值estimating估计estimator估计者，估计员，估计数European currency unit 欧洲货币单位event space事件空间evolutionary process渐近过程expansion factor膨胀系数，膨胀率expectation of life平均寿命，概率寿命，预期寿命expectation of life at birth希望寿命expectation of working life预期工作寿命expected (adj.)预期的expected deviation期望离差expected frequency期望频率expected loss预期损失expected probit期望概率单位expected risk预期风险expected value期望值，预期价值expected value of the deviation 期望偏差值experimental design实验设计experimental plot实验田，试验田块，实验小区explanatory variable解释变量，说明变数explosive process爆发性过程exponential curve指数曲线exponential distribution指数分布exponential growth指数增长export price index (pl. indices)出口价格指数extended family人口增加的家庭extract (v.)提取extremal quotient极值系数extreme mean极均值extreme value distribution极值分布factor analysis要素分析，因素分析法factor loading因素载荷factor matrix因素矩阵factor pattern要素结构，要素图式factor reversal test因子互换检验，物价指数的要素倒转测定factorial arrangement因子排列factorial cumulant generating function因子累积量生成函数factorial design析因设计factorial experiment析因实验factorial experiment with partial confounding 部分混杂析因实验factorial moment阶乘矩factorial moment generating function阶乘矩生成函数failure rate失效率，故障率false stillbirth假死产family form家庭情况，生育史family size家庭规模，家庭人数FAO estimate粮农组织估计数farm census农场调查farmer <occupational class>农民fatality rate致死率F-distributionF分布female女性female reproduction rate 女性再生产率fertility rate生育率fiducial limit置信界限fiducial probability置信概率field enumeration现场计数field survey现场调查，实地调查field trial现场试验，农田试验field work quality check 实地工作质量检查final data最终数据final rate最终率finite multiplier有限乘数finite population有限总体finite population correctionsampling correction有限总体修正first limit theorem第一极限定理first marriage probability初婚概率first marriage rate初婚率first migration probability第一迁移概率first moment about the true origin真原点一次矩fishery statistics渔业统计fitting of law chosen to the observations 观测规律调整five-points assay五点分析，五点检验five-year average五年平均数fixed sample固定样本fixed variate固定变量，不变变量fixed(-)base index (pl. indices)定基指数fixed-weight index (pl. indices)固定加权指数flow chart流动图表，流程图focus (pl. foci)焦点foetal mortality ratemortality in utero死产率，胎儿死亡率follow-up追查制度，进度检查food balance sheet食品平衡表food consumption projections食品消费预测food consumption statistics粮食消费统计food consumption survey粮食消费调查food production index (pl. indices) 粮食生产指数food record粮食问卷调查food supply statistics粮食供应统计food survey by interview粮食访谈调查food year粮食年forecasting预报foreign trade returns外贸统计forest survey森林普查forestry statistics林业统计form <census>表格(普查)fourfold table四格表fractile of order alpha (分位点fraction defective废品率fractional factorial design 部分析因设计fractional replication部分复制frame构架free on board船上交货，离岸价格freehand curve手绘曲线freehand method任意(检查)法frequency array频率排列frequency distribution频率分配，频率分布frequency polygon频率多边形frequency theory of probability频率概率论F-test方差比检验fundamental probability set基本概率集fundamental random process基本随机过程fundamental set of frequencies基本频率集Galton ogive高尔顿分布曲线，高尔顿累积频率曲线games theory博弈论，对策论gamma distribution(分布general fertility rate总生育率，一般生育率generalized equation of multiple regression 一般多重回归方程generalized form of the polynomial一般多项式形式generalized formula for averages广义均值公式generating function生成函数，生产函数generation replacement世代更替geometric mean几何平均数geometric range几何间距georeferenced data地质参照数据geostatistical transitive theory 地质统计传递论geostatistics地质统计学global index numbers总体指数good fit准确拟合，正确拟合goodness of fit拟合优度grade分级grade correlation等级相关graduation刻度graeco-latin square希腊拉丁正方graeco-latin square design希腊拉丁正方设计grafted sample拼接样本grand total合计，总计graphic graduation (of a curve)图解(曲线)修匀graticule system地理坐标系统grid坐标grid sampling格子抽样grid system格子系统gross catch statistics捕捞总量统计gross correlation总相关gross reproduction rate 总繁殖率group factor群体因子group index (pl. indices) 综合指数，总和指数group lattice分组格grouped samples分组样本grouping interval分组组段，组距growth curve增长曲线growth potential增长潜力half-open interval半开区间half-replicate design半重复设计half-unit deviation半单位偏差half-width半宽度，半值宽度haphazard procedure任意程序hard data硬数据harmonic analysis调和分析harmonic dial谐波标度盘harmonic mean调和平均数Harmonized commodity de script ion and coding system 协调的商品说明和编码系统head of household家长health index健康指数，保健指数health service statistics保健服务统计health statistics卫生统计height and weight chart身高和体重图heterograde (adj.)异级的heterokurtic (adj.)异峰值的heteroscedastic (adj.)异方差的heteroscedasticity异方差性hidden periodicity暗隐周期性high contact高层接触high-low graphmaximum chart高低图，级差柱状图high-low mid points method高低中点法hired manager <occupational class> 聘用经理histogram矩形统计图，直方图holder <occupational class>占有人，持有人holding area土地占有面积，耕作面积homograde (adj.)同级的homokurtic (adj.)同峰值的homoscedasctic (adj.)同方差的homoscedasticity同方差性horizontal bar graph横条图household住户household expenditures住户支出household schedule住户卡片household size户量，家庭规模household survey家庭调查housing census住房普查housing unit住房单位hypergeometric distribution超几何分布hypothetical cohort假定队列hypothetical distribution假定分布hypothetical distribution function 假定分布函数ideal index number理想指数。

中学生心理素质问卷(简化版)的r修编及信效度检验胡天强;张大均;程刚【摘要】心理素质是素质教育的重要内容,也是心理学中国化的重要领域,开发既科学有效又简单易行的测量工具是准确评估学生心理素质水平与特点的前提,也是深入开展心理素质研究的基础.张大均团队编制的两版中学生心理素质问卷由于题量过大,一定程度上阻碍了心理素质的深入研究,也较难满足现实需求,有必要对其进行简化和修编.本研究依据张大均等[1]关于心理素质的多维理论和双因子模型理论为基础,于2015-2016年对杨念,张大均[2]版本的中学生心理素质问卷进行了修订.最终得到的中学生心理素质问卷(简化版)共24个题项,包含认知特性、个性品质和适应能力三个维度,每个维度8道题,其双因子模型拟合值均达到可接受范围、信效度也都符合心理测量学标准,可以作为测量中学生心理素质的一套简易工具.【期刊名称】《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》【年(卷),期】2017(043)002【总页数】7页(P120-126)【关键词】心理素质;双因子模型;问卷修编;信效度检验;中学生【作者】胡天强;张大均;程刚【作者单位】西南大学心理健康教育研究中心暨心理学部,重庆市 400715;西南大学心理健康教育研究中心暨心理学部,重庆市 400715;贵州师范大学教育科学学院,贵州贵阳 550001【正文语种】中文【中图分类】G444心理素质是“个体在生理条件的基础上，将外在获得的刺激内化成稳定的、基本的、内隐的，具有基础、衍生和发展功能的，并与人的适应性行为和创造性行为密切联系的心理品质”[1]。

作为素质教育的重要内容，心理素质是我国心理学、教育学等多学科研究的重要领域，培养和提升学生的心理素质，是实现素质教育的必然要求，是发展核心素养的重要途径。

有关心理素质的学术研究始于上世纪九十年代，研究者们围绕心理素质的概念界定、理论构建、实证探索与干预培养等方面做了大量的探索，也积累了较丰富的成果。

邱宗满学完群里教程，应该知道区分效度的一种做法，即，使用AVE 开根号值与相关系数进行比较，如下表（来源：25号论文）。

CR 和AVE 的计算也可通过一个简单的小程序来完成，即本压缩包内的“CR 和AVE 计算工具”；如果看了张哥教程，也可以找到张哥做的专门用来计算CR 和AVE 的excel 表，即压缩包内的“CR & AVE2016”。

区分效度（discriminant validity）除此之外，大家可以在SEM数据统计表里看到部分文献采用多CFA比较来说明维度之间的区分效度，例如下表（来源：25号文献）。

如果大家还不能通过报表来反推出论文作者所做的工作，那么我们使用一篇论文实例来解读这个过程（来源：A moderated mediation model of the relationship between organizational citizenship behaviors and job performance）。

一般来说，这种自己动手的操作，都是把两个相关比较高的维度合成一个维度，重新进行因子分析，然后判断哪个东西更好。

前一页ppt所提到的论文其大致意思就是，我们先做了普通的CFA（左边），然后我们多搞点竞争模型出来（右边），对这些模型进行比较，确定哪个模型更好。

如果我们原来的模型更好，说明我们的维度划分是对的，而且维度之间具有区分效度。

那，这么多模型，我们怎么进行一个判断与描述呢？1号文献中比较各个模型（右上），然后选出了拟合最好的一个模型。

3号文献与1号文献一致（左），也是描述了拟合最好的模型，并且这个模型就是我们的假设模型，那么说明有区分效度。

上一页ppt中的文献则是描述了新模型与原来的模型具有一个显著的差异性（右下）。

当然，区分效度经常会和共同方法偏差有关系（可以看笔者的“相关分析的先关骚操作”专题报告，从数据分析上加深对这些的理解），我们看接下来的ppt。

如果我们使用AVE的方法判断区分效度，却不达标怎么办？？？相信大家看Excel的时候也看到过这个东西，激动不已吧？然后我们打开27号文献可以发现这种情况。

bi-factor model 高级统计方法-回复主题：bifactor模型高级统计方法引言：高级统计方法在当前的研究领域中扮演着至关重要的角色。

其中，bifactor模型是一种强大且灵活的统计工具，它可以用于测量多个相关但又不同的构念。

本文将深入探讨bifactor模型的概念、应用和应用步骤，并通过一个实例来说明如何使用该模型进行数据分析。

第一部分：理解bifactor模型1. 什么是bifactor模型？- bifactor模型是一种用于测量多个相关但又不同的构念的统计模型。

- 它通过将测量项与主要因子和特殊因子相关联来分析数据。

2. bifactor模型与传统因子分析的区别是什么？- 传统因子分析仅关注主因子，而bifactor模型同时考虑主因子和特殊因子。

- bifactor模型可以提供更全面的信息，解释度更高，并可用于更准确地估计构念的测量。

第二部分：应用bifactor模型的步骤1. 数据准备- 收集需要分析的数据，并确保数据的完整性和一致性。

- 检查数据是否符合应用bifactor模型的前提条件。

2. 模型拟合- 使用结构方程模型（SEM）工具来拟合bifactor模型。

- 设定主因子和特殊因子的关系，并根据理论和研究目的来确定模型参数。

3. 评估模型拟合度- 使用拟合指标，如拟合优度指数（CFI）、均方根误差逼近度（RMSEA）等，来评估模型的拟合度。

- 通过与其他模型进行比较，确定最优模型。

4. 参数估计与解释- 根据拟合的bifactor模型，估计模型中的参数。

- 解释参数的意义，并通过因子负荷、公因子方差等指标来评估测量的有效性。

第三部分：bifactor模型的应用案例以一个假设调查为例，我们想要测量一个人的知识、技能和动机，使用bifactor模型进行数据分析。

1. 数据收集- 收集一系列测量知识、技能和动机的问卷数据。

- 确保数据的完整性和可靠性。

2. 建立bifactor模型- 利用SEM工具，建立一个包含知识、技能和动机的bifactor模型。

单维模型和双因子模型的选择研究双因子模型(bifactor model)具有悠久的历史、优秀的理论优势和广泛的应用。

单维模型(unidimensional model)、斜交因子模型和高阶因子模型都可以看成是双因子模型的特例。

但在实际的数据分析中,单维模型在使用中更为简单方便。

目前,研究者主要通过PUC(percentage of uncontaminated correlations)和ECV(explained common variance)两个指标的取值范围对双因子模型和单维模型进行选择。

当PUC取值较高时,可以使用单维模型进行拟合双因子模型的数据。

若PUC取值较低,则需要保证ECV取值较高,才可使用单维模型拟合双因子模型的数据。

通过对PUC指标的公式推理,本论文发现PUC的取值受到双因子模型的结构、项目总数影响,但已有研究在设计双因子模型时未考虑这两个影响因素。

其次,以往研究中使用预测校标来估计拟合偏差,并提出结构系数绝对偏差受到预测校标相关性的大小影响,而结构系数相对偏差则不受影响。

但研究者并未提供证明过程,也未探究不同的预测校标是否会影响模型选择的准确性。

再者,已有研究使用因子负荷平衡的双因子模型数据,不符合真实测验的情况,因此得到的结果存在推广局限性。

最后,已有研究使用两种不同的指标作为单维模型拟合双因子模型数据的估计偏差,一种为结构系数偏差,一种为因子负荷偏差。

使用不同的估计偏差可能会影响模型选择的准确性。

基于以上的推理,本论文推测已有研究所得PUC、ECV等指标在模型选择应用上存在一定偏差。

因此,本论文在以往单维模型拟合双因子模型数据的研究基础上,首先本论文参考真实的双因子模型测验,考虑了双因子模型项目的数量和模型结构的复杂性两个影响因素,探究在预测视角下如何使用PUC、ECV和ωH三个指标对单维模型和双因子模型进行选择。

其中,双因子模型的项目数量最少9个,最多240个。

模型结构考虑平衡和非平衡两种情况,共设计了49种结构。

项目反应理论数据模拟1000个被试者模型在心理与教育研究中，被试在不同的能力或人格方面的行为表现存在高度的相关或一致性，此
时研究者通常假定存在更为一般的构念。

比如，Spearman(1927）认为存在一般智力因素（G因素）
作为所有认知活动的基础，而将与特殊活动领域相关联的称为特殊因素（S因素）。

对生活质量的维
度也有类似的理论观点，Stewart和Ware（1992）认为在生活质量一般因子背后，还存在认知、活力、
心理健康和疾病担忧四个特殊因素。

目前通常采用高阶验证性因子分析对此类理论与测验结构进行验证。

但有两种模型可以选择来
拟合前述类型数据，其一是二阶因子模型（Second-Order Factor Model），模型中每个题目只在特殊
因子上有负荷，而特殊因子负荷于二阶因子。

此模型在主观幸福感和人格等心理学研究领域使用广
泛(DeYoung.Peterson,&Higgins,2002;Hills&Argyle,2002).研究者较为熟悉。

其二是双因子模型
（Bifactor Model），此模型中每个题目不仅在特殊因子上有负荷，所有题目在一般因子上也存在负荷，
所有因子之间正交。

此模型近年来受到较多关注，广泛用于智力、抑郁、元认知等多种心理特质结
构的研究（Gignac,2006;Immekus
&Imbrie,2008;Simms,Grcs,&Watson,et.al,2008)。

统计学常用英语词汇Absolute deviation, 绝对离差Absolute number, 绝对数Absolute residuals, 绝对残差Acceleration array, 加速度立体阵Acceleration in an arbitrary direction, 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal, 法向加速度Acceleration space dimension, 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential, 切向加速度Acceleration vector, 加速度向量Acceptable hypothesis, 可接受假设Accumulation, 累积Accuracy, 准确度Actual frequency, 实际频数Adaptive estimator, 自适应估计量Addition, 相加Addition theorem, 加法定理Additive Noise, 加性噪声Additivity, 可加性Adjusted rate, 调整率Adjusted value, 校正值Admissible error, 容许误差Aggregation, 聚集性Alpha factoring,α因子法Alternative hypothesis, 备择假设Among groups, 组间Amounts, 总量Analysis of correlation, 相关分析Analysis of covariance, 协方差分析Analysis Of Effects, 效应分析Analysis Of Variance, 方差分析Analysis of regression, 回归分析Analysis of time series, 时间序列分析Analysis of variance, 方差分析Angular transformation, 角转换ANOVA （analysis of variance）, 方差分析ANOVA Models, 方差分析模型ANOVA table and eta, 分组计算方差分析Arcing, 弧/弧旋Arcsine transformation, 反正弦变换Area 区域图Area under the curve, 曲线面积AREG , 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA, 季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计Arithmetic grid paper, 算术格纸Arithmetic grid paper, 算术格纸Arithmetic mean, 算术平均数Arrhenius relation, 艾恩尼斯关系Assessing fit, 拟合的评估Associative laws, 结合律Asymmetric distribution, 非对称分布Asymptotic bias, 渐近偏倚Asymptotic efficiency, 渐近效率Asymptotic variance, 渐近方差Attributable risk, 归因危险度Attribute data, 属性资料Attribution, 属性Autocorrelation, 自相关Autocorrelation of residuals, 残差的自相关Average, 平均数Average confidence interval length, 平均置信区间长度Average growth rate, 平均增长率Bar chart, 条形图Bar graph, 条形图Base period, 基期Bayes' theorem , Bayes定理Bell-shaped curve, 钟形曲线Bernoulli distribution, 伯努力分布Best-trim estimator, 最好切尾估计量Bias, 偏性Binary logistic regression, 二元逻辑斯蒂回归Binomial distribution, 二项分布Bisquare, 双平方Bivariate Correlate, 二变量相关Bivariate normal distribution, 双变量正态分布Bivariate normal population, 双变量正态总体Biweight interval, 双权区间Biweight M-estimator, 双权M估计量Block, 区组/配伍组BMDP(Biomedical computer programs), BMDP统计软件包Boxplots, 箱线图/箱尾图Breakdown bound, 崩溃界/崩溃点Canonical correlation, 典型相关Caption, 纵标目Case-control study, 病例对照研究Categorical variable, 分类变量Catenary, 悬链线Cauchy distribution, 柯西分布Cause-and-effect relationship, 因果关系Cell, 单元Censoring, 终检Center of symmetry, 对称中心Centering and scaling, 中心化和定标Central tendency, 集中趋势Central value, 中心值CHAID -χ2 Automatic Interaction Detector, 卡方自动交互检测Chance, 机遇Chance error, 随机误差Chance variable, 随机变量Characteristic equation, 特征方程Characteristic root, 特征根Characteristic vector, 特征向量Chebshev criterion of fit, 拟合的切比雪夫准则Chernoff faces, 切尔诺夫脸谱图Chi-square test, 卡方检验/χ2检验Choleskey decomposition, 乔洛斯基分解Circle chart, 圆图Class interval, 组距Class mid-value, 组中值Class upper limit, 组上限Classified variable, 分类变量Cluster analysis, 聚类分析Cluster sampling, 整群抽样Code, 代码Coded data, 编码数据Coding, 编码Coefficient of contingency, 列联系数Coefficient of determination, 决定系数Coefficient of multiple correlation, 多重相关系数Coefficient of partial correlation, 偏相关系数Coefficient of production-moment correlation, 积差相关系数Coefficient of rank correlation, 等级相关系数Coefficient of regression, 回归系数Coefficient of skewness, 偏度系数Coefficient of variation, 变异系数Cohort study, 队列研究Column, 列Column effect, 列效应Column factor, 列因素Combination pool, 合并Combinative table, 组合表Common factor, 共性因子Common regression coefficient, 公共回归系数Common value, 共同值Common variance, 公共方差Common variation, 公共变异Communality variance, 共性方差Comparability, 可比性Comparison of bathes, 批比较Comparison value, 比较值Compartment model, 分部模型Compassion, 伸缩Complement of an event, 补事件Complete association, 完全正相关Complete dissociation, 完全不相关Complete statistics, 完备统计量Completely randomized design, 完全随机化设计Composite event, 联合事件Composite events, 复合事件Concavity, 凹性Conditional expectation, 条件期望Conditional likelihood, 条件似然Conditional probability, 条件概率Conditionally linear, 依条件线性Confidence interval, 置信区间Confidence limit, 置信限Confidence lower limit, 置信下限Confidence upper limit, 置信上限Confirmatory Factor Analysis , 验证性因子分析Confirmatory research, 证实性实验研究Confounding factor, 混杂因素Conjoint, 联合分析Consistency, 相合性Consistency check, 一致性检验Consistent asymptotically normal estimate, 相合渐近正态估计Consistent estimate, 相合估计Constrained nonlinear regression, 受约束非线性回归Constraint, 约束Contaminated distribution, 污染分布Contaminated Gausssian, 污染高斯分布Contaminated normal distribution, 污染正态分布Contamination, 污染Contamination model, 污染模型Contingency table, 列联表Contour, 边界线Contribution rate, 贡献率Control, 对照Controlled experiments, 对照实验Conventional depth, 常规深度Convolution, 卷积Corrected factor, 校正因子Corrected mean, 校正均值Correction coefficient, 校正系数Correctness, 正确性Correlation coefficient, 相关系数Correlation index, 相关指数Correspondence, 对应Counting, 计数Counts, 计数/频数Covariance, 协方差Covariant, 共变Cox Regression, Cox回归Criteria for fitting, 拟合准则Criteria of least squares, 最小二乘准则Critical ratio, 临界比Critical region, 拒绝域Critical value, 临界值Cross-over design, 交叉设计Cross-section analysis, 横断面分析Cross-section survey, 横断面调查Crosstabs , 交叉表Cross-tabulation table, 复合表Cube root, 立方根Cumulative distribution function, 分布函数Cumulative probability, 累计概率Curvature, 曲率/弯曲Curvature, 曲率Curve fit , 曲线拟和Curve fitting, 曲线拟合Curvilinear regression, 曲线回归Curvilinear relation, 曲线关系Cut-and-try method, 尝试法Cycle, 周期Cyclist, 周期性D test, D检验Data acquisition, 资料收集Data bank, 数据库Data capacity, 数据容量Data deficiencies, 数据缺乏Data handling, 数据处理Data manipulation, 数据处理Data processing, 数据处理Data reduction, 数据缩减Data set, 数据集Data sources, 数据来源Data transformation, 数据变换Data validity, 数据有效性Data-in, 数据输入Data-out, 数据输出Dead time, 停滞期Degree of freedom, 自由度Degree of precision, 精密度Degree of reliability, 可靠性程度Degression, 递减Density function, 密度函数Density of data points, 数据点的密度Dependent variable, 应变量/依变量/因变量Dependent variable, 因变量Depth, 深度Derivative matrix, 导数矩阵Derivative-free methods, 无导数方法Design, 设计Determinacy, 确定性Determinant, 行列式Determinant, 决定因素Deviation, 离差Deviation from average, 离均差Diagnostic plot, 诊断图Dichotomous variable, 二分变量Differential equation, 微分方程Direct standardization, 直接标准化法Discrete variable, 离散型变量DISCRIMINANT, 判断Discriminant analysis, 判别分析Discriminant coefficient, 判别系数Discriminant function, 判别值Dispersion, 散布/分散度Disproportional, 不成比例的Disproportionate sub-class numbers, 不成比例次级组含量Distribution free, 分布无关性/免分布Distribution shape, 分布形状Distribution-free method, 任意分布法Distributive laws, 分配律Disturbance, 随机扰动项Dose response curve, 剂量反应曲线Double blind method, 双盲法Double blind trial, 双盲试验Double exponential distribution, 双指数分布Double logarithmic, 双对数Downward rank, 降秩Dual-space plot, 对偶空间图DUD, 无导数方法Duncan's new multiple range method, 新复极差法/Duncan新法Effect, 实验效应Eigenvalue, 特征值Eigenvector, 特征向量Ellipse, 椭圆Empirical distribution, 经验分布Empirical probability, 经验概率单位Enumeration data, 计数资料Equal sun-class number, 相等次级组含量Equally likely, 等可能Equivariance, 同变性Error, 误差/错误Error of estimate, 估计误差Error type I, 第一类错误Error type II, 第二类错误Estimand, 被估量Estimated error mean squares, 估计误差均方Estimated error sum of squares, 估计误差平方和Euclidean distance, 欧式距离Event, 事件Event, 事件Exceptional data point, 异常数据点Expectation plane, 期望平面Expectation surface, 期望曲面Expected values, 期望值Experiment, 实验Experimental sampling, 试验抽样Experimental unit, 试验单位Explanatory variable, 说明变量Exploratory data analysis, 探索性数据分析Explore Summarize, 探索-摘要Exponential curve, 指数曲线Exponential growth, 指数式增长EXSMOOTH, 指数平滑方法Extended fit, 扩充拟合Extra parameter, 附加参数Extrapolation, 外推法Extreme observation, 末端观测值Extremes, 极端值/极值F distribution, F分布F test, F检验Factor, 因素/因子Factor analysis, 因子分析Factor Analysis, 因子分析Factor score, 因子得分Factorial, 阶乘Factorial design, 析因试验设计False negative, 假阴性False negative error, 假阴性错误Family of distributions, 分布族Family of estimators, 估计量族Fanning, 扇面Fatality rate, 病死率Field investigation, 现场调查Field survey, 现场调查Finite population, 有限总体Finite-sample, 有限样本First derivative, 一阶导数First principal component, 第一主成分First quartile, 第一四分位数Fisher information, 费雪信息量Fitted value, 拟合值Fitting a curve, 曲线拟合Fixed base, 定基Fluctuation, 随机起伏Forecast, 预测Four fold table, 四格表Fourth, 四分点Fraction blow, 左侧比率Fractional error, 相对误差Frequency, 频率Frequency polygon, 频数多边图Frontier point, 界限点Function relationship, 泛函关系Gamma distribution, 伽玛分布Gauss increment, 高斯增量Gaussian distribution, 高斯分布/正态分布Gauss-Newton increment, 高斯-牛顿增量General census, 全面普查GENLOG (Generalized liner models), 广义线性模型Geometric mean, 几何平均数Gini's mean difference, 基尼均差GLM (General liner models), 通用线性模型Goodness of fit, 拟和优度/配合度Gradient of determinant, 行列式的梯度Graeco-Latin square, 希腊拉丁方Grand mean, 总均值Gross errors, 重大错误Gross-error sensitivity, 大错敏感度Group averages, 分组平均Grouped data, 分组资料Guessed mean, 假定平均数Half-life, 半衰期Hampel M-estimators, 汉佩尔M估计量Happenstance, 偶然事件Harmonic mean, 调和均数Hazard function, 风险均数Hazard rate, 风险率Heading, 标目Heavy-tailed distribution, 重尾分布Hessian array, 海森立体阵Heterogeneity, 不同质Heterogeneity of variance, 方差不齐Hierarchical classification, 组内分组Hierarchical clustering method, 系统聚类法High-leverage point, 高杠杆率点HILOGLINEAR, 多维列联表的层次对数线性模型Hinge, 折叶点Histogram, 直方图Historical cohort study, 历史性队列研究Holes, 空洞HOMALS, 多重响应分析Homogeneity of variance, 方差齐性Homogeneity test, 齐性检验Huber M-estimators, 休伯M估计量Hyperbola, 双曲线Hypothesis testing, 假设检验Hypothetical universe, 假设总体Impossible event, 不可能事件Independence, 独立性Independent variable, 自变量Index, 指标/指数Indirect standardization, 间接标准化法Individual, 个体Inference band, 推断带Infinite population, 无限总体Infinitely great, 无穷大Infinitely small, 无穷小Influence curve, 影响曲线Information capacity, 信息容量Initial condition, 初始条件Initial estimate, 初始估计值Initial level, 最初水平Interaction, 交互作用Interaction terms, 交互作用项Intercept, 截距Interpolation, 内插法Interquartile range, 四分位距Interval estimation, 区间估计Intervals of equal probability, 等概率区间Intrinsic curvature, 固有曲率Invariance, 不变性Inverse matrix, 逆矩阵Inverse probability, 逆概率Inverse sine transformation, 反正弦变换Iteration, 迭代Jacobian determinant, 雅可比行列式Joint distribution function, 分布函数Joint probability, 联合概率Joint probability distribution, 联合概率分布K means method, 逐步聚类法Kaplan-Meier, 评估事件的时间长度Kaplan-Merier chart, Kaplan-Merier图Kendall's rank correlation, Kendall等级相关Kinetic, 动力学Kolmogorov-Smirnove test, 柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验Kruskal and Wallis test, Kruskal及Wallis检验/多样本的秩和检验/H检验Kurtosis, 峰度Lack of fit, 失拟Ladder of powers, 幂阶梯Lag, 滞后Large sample, 大样本Large sample test, 大样本检验Latin square, 拉丁方Latin square design, 拉丁方设计Leakage, 泄漏Least favorable configuration, 最不利构形Least favorable distribution, 最不利分布Least significant difference, 最小显著差法Least square method, 最小二乘法Least-absolute-residuals estimates, 最小绝对残差估计Least-absolute-residuals fit, 最小绝对残差拟合Least-absolute-residuals line, 最小绝对残差线Legend, 图例L-estimator, L估计量L-estimator of location, 位置L估计量L-estimator of scale, 尺度L估计量Level, 水平Life expectance, 预期期望寿命Life table, 寿命表Life table method, 生命表法Light-tailed distribution, 轻尾分布Likelihood function, 似然函数Likelihood ratio, 似然比line graph, 线图Linear correlation, 直线相关Linear equation, 线性方程Linear programming, 线性规划Linear regression, 直线回归Linear Regression, 线性回归Linear trend, 线性趋势Loading, 载荷Location and scale equivariance, 位置尺度同变性Location equivariance, 位置同变性Location invariance, 位置不变性Location scale family, 位置尺度族Log rank test, 时序检验Logarithmic curve, 对数曲线Logarithmic normal distribution, 对数正态分布Logarithmic scale, 对数尺度Logarithmic transformation, 对数变换Logic check, 逻辑检查Logistic distribution, 逻辑斯特分布Logit transformation, Logit转换LOGLINEAR, 多维列联表通用模型Lognormal distribution, 对数正态分布Lost function, 损失函数Low correlation, 低度相关Lower limit, 下限Lowest-attained variance, 最小可达方差LSD, 最小显著差法的简称Lurking variable, 潜在变量Main effect, 主效应Major heading, 主辞标目Marginal density function, 边缘密度函数Marginal probability, 边缘概率Marginal probability distribution, 边缘概率分布Matched data, 配对资料Matched distribution, 匹配过分布Matching of distribution, 分布的匹配Matching of transformation, 变换的匹配Mathematical expectation, 数学期望Mathematical model, 数学模型Maximum L-estimator, 极大极小L 估计量Maximum likelihood method, 最大似然法Mean, 均数Mean squares between groups, 组间均方Mean squares within group, 组内均方Means (Compare means), 均值-均值比较Median, 中位数Median effective dose, 半数效量Median lethal dose, 半数致死量Median polish, 中位数平滑Median test, 中位数检验Minimal sufficient statistic, 最小充分统计量Minimum distance estimation, 最小距离估计Minimum effective dose, 最小有效量Minimum lethal dose, 最小致死量Minimum variance estimator, 最小方差估计量MINITAB, 统计软件包Minor heading, 宾词标目Missing data, 缺失值Model specification, 模型的确定Modeling Statistics , 模型统计Models for outliers, 离群值模型Modifying the model, 模型的修正Modulus of continuity, 连续性模Morbidity, 发病率Most favorable configuration, 最有利构形Multidimensional Scaling (ASCAL), 多维尺度/多维标度Multinomial Logistic Regression , 多项逻辑斯蒂回归Multiple comparison, 多重比较Multiple correlation , 复相关Multiple covariance, 多元协方差Multiple linear regression, 多元线性回归Multiple response , 多重选项Multiple solutions, 多解Multiplication theorem, 乘法定理Multiresponse, 多元响应Multi-stage sampling, 多阶段抽样Multivariate T distribution, 多元T分布Mutual exclusive, 互不相容Mutual independence, 互相独立Natural boundary, 自然边界Natural dead, 自然死亡Natural zero, 自然零Negative correlation, 负相关Negative linear correlation, 负线性相关Negatively skewed, 负偏Newman-Keuls method, q检验NK method, q检验No statistical significance, 无统计意义Nominal variable, 名义变量Nonconstancy of variability, 变异的非定常性Nonlinear regression, 非线性相关Nonparametric statistics, 非参数统计Nonparametric test, 非参数检验Nonparametric tests, 非参数检验Normal deviate, 正态离差Normal distribution, 正态分布Normal equation, 正规方程组Normal ranges, 正常范围Normal value, 正常值Nuisance parameter, 多余参数/讨厌参数Null hypothesis, 无效假设Numerical variable, 数值变量Objective function, 目标函数Observation unit, 观察单位Observed value, 观察值One sided test, 单侧检验One-way analysis of variance, 单因素方差分析Oneway ANOVA , 单因素方差分析Open sequential trial, 开放型序贯设计Optrim, 优切尾Optrim efficiency, 优切尾效率Order statistics, 顺序统计量Ordered categories, 有序分类Ordinal logistic regression , 序数逻辑斯蒂回归Ordinal variable, 有序变量Orthogonal basis, 正交基Orthogonal design, 正交试验设计Orthogonality conditions, 正交条件ORTHOPLAN, 正交设计Outlier cutoffs, 离群值截断点Outliers, 极端值OVERALS , 多组变量的非线性正规相关Overshoot, 迭代过度Paired design, 配对设计Paired sample, 配对样本Pairwise slopes, 成对斜率Parabola, 抛物线Parallel tests, 平行试验Parameter, 参数Parametric statistics, 参数统计Parametric test, 参数检验Partial correlation, 偏相关Partial regression, 偏回归Partial sorting, 偏排序Partials residuals, 偏残差Pattern, 模式Pearson curves, 皮尔逊曲线Peeling, 退层Percent bar graph, 百分条形图Percentage, 百分比Percentile, 百分位数Percentile curves, 百分位曲线Periodicity, 周期性Permutation, 排列P-estimator, P估计量Pie graph, 饼图Pitman estimator, 皮特曼估计量Pivot, 枢轴量Planar, 平坦Planar assumption, 平面的假设PLANCARDS, 生成试验的计划卡Point estimation, 点估计Poisson distribution, 泊松分布Polishing, 平滑Polled standard deviation, 合并标准差Polled variance, 合并方差Polygon, 多边图Polynomial, 多项式Polynomial curve, 多项式曲线Population, 总体Population attributable risk, 人群归因危险度Positive correlation, 正相关Positively skewed, 正偏Posterior distribution, 后验分布Power of a test, 检验效能Precision, 精密度Predicted value, 预测值Preliminary analysis, 预备性分析Principal component analysis, 主成分分析Prior distribution, 先验分布Prior probability, 先验概率Probabilistic model, 概率模型probability, 概率Probability density, 概率密度Product moment, 乘积矩/协方差Profile trace, 截面迹图Proportion, 比/构成比Proportion allocation in stratified random sampling, 按比例分层随机抽样Proportionate, 成比例Proportionate sub-class numbers, 成比例次级组含量Prospective study, 前瞻性调查Proximities, 亲近性Pseudo F test, 近似F检验Pseudo model, 近似模型Pseudosigma, 伪标准差Purposive sampling, 有目的抽样QR decomposition, QR分解Quadratic approximation, 二次近似Qualitative classification, 属性分类Qualitative method, 定性方法Quantile-quantile plot, 分位数-分位数图/Q-Q图Quantitative analysis, 定量分析Quartile, 四分位数Quick Cluster, 快速聚类Radix sort, 基数排序Random allocation, 随机化分组Random blocks design, 随机区组设计Random event, 随机事件Randomization, 随机化Range, 极差/全距Rank correlation, 等级相关Rank sum test, 秩和检验Rank test, 秩检验Ranked data, 等级资料Rate, 比率Ratio, 比例Raw data, 原始资料Raw residual, 原始残差Rayleigh's test, 雷氏检验Rayleigh's Z, 雷氏Z值Reciprocal, 倒数Reciprocal transformation, 倒数变换Recording, 记录Redescending estimators, 回降估计量Reducing dimensions, 降维Re-expression, 重新表达Reference set, 标准组Region of acceptance, 接受域Regression coefficient, 回归系数Regression sum of square, 回归平方和Rejection point, 拒绝点Relative dispersion, 相对离散度Relative number, 相对数Reliability, 可靠性Reparametrization, 重新设置参数Replication, 重复Report Summaries, 报告摘要Residual sum of square, 剩余平方和Resistance, 耐抗性Resistant line, 耐抗线Resistant technique, 耐抗技术R-estimator of location, 位置R估计量R-estimator of scale, 尺度R估计量Retrospective study, 回顾性调查Ridge trace, 岭迹Ridit analysis, Ridit分析Rotation, 旋转Rounding, 舍入Row, 行Row effects, 行效应Row factor, 行因素RXC table, RXC表Sample, 样本Sample regression coefficient, 样本回归系数Sample size, 样本量Sample standard deviation, 样本标准差Sampling error, 抽样误差SAS(Statistical analysis system ), SAS统计软件包Scale, 尺度/量表Scatter diagram, 散点图Schematic plot, 示意图/简图Score test, 计分检验Screening, 筛检SEASON, 季节分析Second derivative, 二阶导数Second principal component, 第二主成分SEM (Structural equation modeling), 结构化方程模型Semi-logarithmic graph, 半对数图Semi-logarithmic paper, 半对数格纸Sensitivity curve, 敏感度曲线Sequential analysis, 贯序分析Sequential data set, 顺序数据集Sequential design, 贯序设计Sequential method, 贯序法Sequential test, 贯序检验法Serial tests, 系列试验Short-cut method, 简捷法Sigmoid curve, S形曲线Sign function, 正负号函数Sign test, 符号检验Signed rank, 符号秩Significance test, 显著性检验Significant figure, 有效数字Simple cluster sampling, 简单整群抽样Simple correlation, 简单相关Simple random sampling, 简单随机抽样Simple regression, 简单回归simple table, 简单表Sine estimator, 正弦估计量Single-valued estimate, 单值估计Singular matrix, 奇异矩阵Skewed distribution, 偏斜分布Skewness, 偏度Slash distribution, 斜线分布Slope, 斜率Smirnov test, 斯米尔诺夫检验Source of variation, 变异来源Spearman rank correlation, 斯皮尔曼等级相关Specific factor, 特殊因子Specific factor variance, 特殊因子方差Spectra , 频谱Spherical distribution, 球型正态分布Spread, 展布SPSS(Statistical package for the social science), SPSS统计软件包Spurious correlation, 假性相关Square root transformation, 平方根变换Stabilizing variance, 稳定方差Standard deviation, 标准差Standard error, 标准误Standard error of difference, 差别的标准误Standard error of estimate, 标准估计误差Standard error of rate, 率的标准误Standard normal distribution, 标准正态分布Standardization, 标准化Starting value, 起始值Statistic, 统计量Statistical control, 统计控制Statistical graph, 统计图Statistical inference, 统计推断Statistical table, 统计表Steepest descent, 最速下降法Stem and leaf display, 茎叶图Step factor, 步长因子Stepwise regression, 逐步回归Storage, 存Strata, 层（复数）Stratified sampling, 分层抽样Stratified sampling, 分层抽样Strength, 强度Stringency, 严密性Structural relationship, 结构关系Studentized residual, 学生化残差/t化残差Sub-class numbers, 次级组含量Subdividing, 分割Sufficient statistic, 充分统计量Sum of products, 积和Sum of squares, 离差平方和Sum of squares about regression, 回归平方和Sum of squares between groups, 组间平方和Sum of squares of partial regression, 偏回归平方和Sure event, 必然事件Survey, 调查Survival, 生存分析Survival rate, 生存率Suspended root gram, 悬吊根图Symmetry, 对称Systematic error, 系统误差Systematic sampling, 系统抽样Tags, 标签Tail area, 尾部面积Tail length, 尾长Tail weight, 尾重Tangent line, 切线Target distribution, 目标分布Taylor series, 泰勒级数Tendency of dispersion, 离散趋势Testing of hypotheses, 假设检验Theoretical frequency, 理论频数Time series, 时间序列Tolerance interval, 容忍区间Tolerance lower limit, 容忍下限Tolerance upper limit, 容忍上限Torsion, 扰率Total sum of square, 总平方和Total variation, 总变异Transformation, 转换Treatment, 处理Trend, 趋势Trend of percentage, 百分比趋势Trial, 试验Trial and error method, 试错法Tuning constant, 细调常数Two sided test, 双向检验Two-stage least squares, 二阶最小平方Two-stage sampling, 二阶段抽样Two-tailed test, 双侧检验Two-way analysis of variance, 双因素方差分析Two-way table, 双向表Type I error, 一类错误/α错误Type II error, 二类错误/β错误UMVU, 方差一致最小无偏估计简称Unbiased estimate, 无偏估计Unconstrained nonlinear regression , 无约束非线性回归Unequal subclass number, 不等次级组含量Ungrouped data, 不分组资料Uniform coordinate, 均匀坐标Uniform distribution, 均匀分布Uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimate, 方差一致最小无偏估计Unit, 单元Unordered categories, 无序分类Upper limit, 上限Upward rank, 升秩Vague concept, 模糊概念Validity, 有效性VARCOMP (Variance component estimation), 方差元素估计Variability, 变异性Variable, 变量Variance, 方差Variation, 变异Varimax orthogonal rotation, 方差最大正交旋转Volume of distribution, 容积W test, W检验Weibull distribution, 威布尔分布Weight, 权数Weighted Chi-square test, 加权卡方检验/Cochran检验Weighted linear regression method, 加权直线回归Weighted mean, 加权平均数Weighted mean square, 加权平均方差Weighted sum of square, 加权平方和Weighting coefficient, 权重系数Weighting method, 加权法W-estimation, W估计量W-estimation of location, 位置W估计量Width, 宽度Wilcoxon paired test, 威斯康星配对法/配对符号秩和检验Wild point, 野点/狂点Wild value, 野值/狂值Winsorized mean, 缩尾均值Withdraw, 失访Youden's index, 尤登指数Z test, Z检验Zero correlation, 零相关Z-transformation, Z变换。

统计学专业名词·中英对照我大学毕业已经多年，这些年来，越发感到外刊的重要性。

读懂外刊要有不错的英语功底，同时，还需要掌握一定的专业词汇。

掌握足够的专业词汇，在国内外期刊的阅读和写作中会游刃有余。

在此小结，按首字母顺序排列。

这些词汇的来源，一是专业书籍，二是网上查找，再一个是比较重要的期刊。

当然，这些仅是常用专业词汇的一部分，并且由于个人精力、文献查阅的限制，难免有不足和错误之处，希望读者批评指出。

Aabscissa 横坐标absence rate 缺勤率Absolute deviation 绝对离差Absolute number 绝对数absolute value 绝对值Absolute residuals 绝对残差accident error 偶然误差Acceleration array 加速度立体阵Acceleration in an arbitrary direction 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal 法向加速度Acceleration space dimension 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential 切向加速度Acceleration vector 加速度向量Acceptable hypothesis 可接受假设Accumulation 累积Accumulated frequency 累积频数Accuracy 准确度Actual frequency 实际频数Adaptive estimator 自适应估计量Addition 相加Addition theorem 加法定理Additive Noise 加性噪声Additivity 可加性Adjusted rate 调整率Adjusted value 校正值Admissible error 容许误差Aggregation 聚集性因子法Alpha factoring αAlternative hypothesis 备择假设Among groups 组间Amounts 总量Analysis of correlation 相关分析Analysis of covariance 协方差分析Analysis of data 分析资料Analysis Of Effects 效应分析Analysis Of Variance 方差分析Analysis of regression 回归分析Analysis of time series 时间序列分析Analysis of variance 方差分析Angular transformation 角转换ANOVA （analysis of variance）方差分析ANOVA Models 方差分析模型ANOVA table and eta 分组计算方差分析Arcing 弧/弧旋Arcsine transformation 反正弦变换Area 区域图Area under the curve 曲线面积AREG 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA 季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计Arithmetic grid paper 算术格纸Arithmetic mean 算术平均数Arithmetic weighted mean 加权算术均数Arrhenius relation 艾恩尼斯关系Assessing fit 拟合的评估Associative laws 结合律Assumed mean 假定均数Asymmetric distribution 非对称分布Asymmetry coefficient 偏度系数Asymptotic bias 渐近偏倚Asymptotic efficiency 渐近效率Asymptotic variance 渐近方差Attributable risk 归因危险度Attribute data 属性资料Attribution 属性Autocorrelation 自相关Autocorrelation of residuals 残差的自相关Average 平均数Average confidence interval length 平均置信区间长度average deviation 平均差Average growth rate 平均增长率BBar chart/graph 条形图Base period 基期Bayes' theorem Bayes 定理Bell-shaped curve 钟形曲线Bernoulli distribution 伯努力分布Best-trim estimator 最好切尾估计量Bias 偏性Biometrics 生物统计学Binary logistic regression 二元逻辑斯蒂回归Binomial distribution 二项分布Bisquare 双平方Bivariate Correlate 二变量相关Bivariate normal distribution 双变量正态分布Bivariate normal population 双变量正态总体Biweight interval 双权区间Biweight M-estimator 双权M 估计量Block 区组/配伍组BMDP(Biomedical computer programs) BMDP 统计软件包Box plot 箱线图/箱尾图Breakdown bound 崩溃界/崩溃点CCanonical correlation 典型相关Caption 纵标目Cartogram 统计图Case fatality rate 病死率Case-control study 病例对照研究Categorical variable 分类变量Catenary 悬链线Cauchy distribution 柯西分布Cause-and-effect relationship 因果关系Cell 单元Censoring 终检census 普查Center of symmetry 对称中心Centering and scaling 中心化和定标Central tendency 集中趋势Central value 中心值CHAID -χ2 Automatic Interaction Detector 卡方自动交互检测Chance 机遇Chance error 随机误差Chance variable 随机变量Characteristic equation 特征方程Characteristic root 特征根Characteristic vector 特征向量Chebshev criterion of fit 拟合的切比雪夫准则Chernoff faces 切尔诺夫脸谱图chi-sguare(X2) test 卡方检验卡方检验/χ2 检验Choleskey decomposition 乔洛斯基分解Circle chart 圆图Class interval 组距Classification 分组、分类Class mid-value 组中值Class upper limit 组上限Classified variable 分类变量Cluster analysis 聚类分析Cluster sampling 整群抽样Code 代码Coded data 编码数据Coding 编码Coefficient of contingency 列联系数Coefficient of correlation 相关系数Coefficient of determination 决定系数Coefficient of multiple correlation 多重相关系数Coefficient of partial correlation 偏相关系数Coefficient of production-moment correlation 积差相关系数Coefficient of rank correlation 等级相关系数Coefficient of regression 回归系数Coefficient of skewness 偏度系数Coefficient of variation 变异系数Cohort study 队列研究Collection of data 资料收集Collinearity 共线性Column 列Column effect 列效应Column factor 列因素Combination pool 合并Combinative table 组合表Combined standard deviation 合并标准差Combined variance 合并方差Common factor 共性因子Common regression coefficient 公共回归系数Common value 共同值Common variance 公共方差Common variation 公共变异Communality variance 共性方差Comparability 可比性Comparison of bathes 批比较Comparison value 比较值Compartment model 分部模型Compassion 伸缩Complement of an event 补事件Complete association 完全正相关Complete dissociation 完全不相关Complete statistics 完备统计量Complete survey 全面调查Completely randomized design 完全随机化设计Composite event 联合事件Composite events 复合事件Concavity 凹性Conditional expectation 条件期望Conditional likelihood 条件似然Conditional probability 条件概率Conditionally linear 依条件线性Confidence interval 置信区间Confidence level 可信水平，置信水平Confidence limit 置信限Confidence lower limit 置信下限Confidence upper limit 置信上限Confirmatory Factor Analysis 验证性因子分析Confirmatory research 证实性实验研究Confounding factor 混杂因素Conjoint 联合分析Consistency 相合性Consistency check 一致性检验Consistent asymptotically normal estimate 相合渐近正态估计Consistent estimate 相合估计Constituent ratio 构成比，结构相对数Constrained nonlinear regression 受约束非线性回归Constraint 约束Contaminated distribution 污染分布Contaminated Gausssian 污染高斯分布Contaminated normal distribution 污染正态分布Contamination 污染Contamination model 污染模型Continuity 连续性Contingency table 列联表Contour 边界线Contribution rate 贡献率Control 对照质量控制图Control group 对照组Controlled experiments 对照实验Conventional depth 常规深度Convolution 卷积Coordinate 坐标Corrected factor 校正因子Corrected mean 校正均值Correction coefficient 校正系数Correction for continuity 连续性校正Correction for grouping 归组校正Correction number 校正数Correction value 校正值Correctness 正确性Correlation 相关，联系Correlation analysis 相关分析Correlation coefficient 相关系数Correlation 相关性Correlation index 相关指数Correspondence 对应Counting 计数Counts 计数/频数Covariance 协方差Covariant 共变Cox Regression Cox 回归Criteria for fitting 拟合准则Criteria of least squares 最小二乘准则Critical ratio 临界比Critical region 拒绝域Critical value 临界值Cross-over design 交叉设计Cross-section analysis 横断面分析Cross-section survey 横断面调查Crosstabs 交叉表Crosstabs 列联表分析Cross-tabulation table 复合表Cube root 立方根Cumulative distribution function 分布函数Cumulative frequency 累积频率Cumulative probability 累计概率Curvature 曲率/弯曲Curvature 曲率Curve Estimation 曲线拟合Curve fit 曲线拟和Curve fitting 曲线拟合Curvilinear regression 曲线回归Curvilinear relation 曲线关系Cut-and-try method 尝试法Cycle 周期Cyclist 周期性DD test D 检验data 资料Data acquisition 资料收集Data bank 数据库Data capacity 数据容量Data deficiencies 数据缺乏Data handling 数据处理Data manipulation 数据处理Data processing 数据处理Data reduction 数据缩减Data set 数据集Data sources 数据来源Data transformation 数据变换Data validity 数据有效性Data-in 数据输入Data-out 数据输出Dead time 停滞期Degree of freedom 自由度degree of confidence 可信度，置信度degree of dispersion 离散程度Degree of precision 精密度Degree of reliability 可靠性程度degree of variation 变异度Degression 递减Density function 密度函数Density of data points 数据点的密度Dependent variableDepth 深度Derivative matrix 导数矩阵Derivative-free methods 无导数方法Design 设计design of experiment 实验设计Determinacy 确定性Determinant 行列式Determinant 决定因素Deviation 离差Deviation from average 离均差diagnose accordance rate 诊断符合率Diagnostic plot 诊断图Dichotomous variable 二分变量Differential equation 微分方程Direct standardization 直接标准化法Direct Oblimin 斜交旋转Discrete variable 离散型变量DISCRIMINANT 判断Discriminant analysis 判别分析Discriminant coefficient 判别系数Discriminant function 判别值Dispersion 散布/分散度Disproportional 不成比例的Disproportionate sub-class numbers 不成比例次级组含量Distribution free 分布无关性/免分布Distribution shape 分布形状Distribution-free method 任意分布法Distributive laws 分配律Disturbance 随机扰动项Dose response curve 剂量反应曲线Double blind method 双盲法Double blind trial 双盲试验Double exponential distribution 双指数分布Double logarithmic 双对数Downward rank 降秩Dual-space plot 对偶空间图DUD 无导数方法Duncan's new multiple range method 新复极差法/Duncan 新法EError Bar 均值相关区间图Effect 实验效应Effective rate 有效率Eigenvalue 特征值Eigenvector 特征向量Ellipse 椭圆Empirical distribution 经验分布Empirical probability 经验概率单位Enumeration data 计数资料Equal sun-class number 相等次级组含量Equally likely 等可能Equation of linear regression 线性回归方程Equivariance 同变性Error 误差/错误Error of estimate 估计误差Error of replication 重复误差Error type I 第一类错误Error type II 第二类错误Estimand 被估量Estimated error mean squares 估计误差均方Estimated error sum of squares 估计误差平方和Euclidean distance 欧式距离Event 事件Exceptional data point 异常数据点Expectation plane 期望平面Expectation surface 期望曲面Expected values 期望值Experiment 实验Experiment design 实验设计Experiment error 实验误差Experimental group 实验组Experimental sampling 试验抽样Experimental unit 试验单位Explained variance （已说明方差）Explanatory variable 说明变量Exploratory data analysis 探索性数据分析Explore Summarize 探索-摘要Exponential curve 指数曲线Exponential growth 指数式增长EXSMOOTH 指数平滑方法Extended fit 扩充拟合Extra parameter 附加参数Extrapolation 外推法Extreme observation 末端观测值Extremes 极端值/极值FF distribution F 分布F test F 检验Factor 因素/因子Factor analysis 因子分析Factor Analysis 因子分析Factor score 因子得分Factorial 阶乘Factorial design 析因试验设计False negative 假阴性False negative error 假阴性错误Family of distributions 分布族Family of estimators 估计量族Fanning 扇面Fatality rate 病死率Field investigation 现场调查Field survey 现场调查Finite population 有限总体Finite-sample 有限样本First derivative 一阶导数First principal component 第一主成分First quartile 第一四分位数Fisher information 费雪信息量Fitted value 拟合值Fitting a curve 曲线拟合Fixed base 定基Fluctuation 随机起伏Forecast 预测Four fold table 四格表Fourth 四分点Fraction blow 左侧比率Fractional error 相对误差Frequency 频率Freguency distribution 频数分布Frequency polygon 频数多边图Frontier point 界限点Function relationship 泛函关系GGamma distribution 伽玛分布Gauss increment 高斯增量Gaussian distribution 高斯分布/正态分布Gauss-Newton increment 高斯-牛顿增量General census 全面普查Generalized least squares 综合最小平方法GENLOG (Generalized liner models) 广义线性模型Geometric mean 几何平均数Gini's mean difference 基尼均差GLM (General liner models) 通用线性模型Goodness of fit 拟和优度/配合度Gradient of determinant 行列式的梯度Graeco-Latin square 希腊拉丁方Grand mean 总均值Gross errors 重大错误Gross-error sensitivity 大错敏感度Group averages 分组平均Grouped data 分组资料Guessed mean 假定平均数HHalf-life 半衰期Hampel M-estimators 汉佩尔M 估计量Happenstance 偶然事件Harmonic mean 调和均数Hazard function 风险均数Hazard rate 风险率Heading 标目Heavy-tailed distribution 重尾分布Hessian array 海森立体阵Heterogeneity 不同质Heterogeneity of variance 方差不齐Hierarchical classification 组内分组Hierarchical clustering method 系统聚类法High-leverage point 高杠杆率点High-Low 低区域图Higher Order Interaction Effects，高阶交互作用HILOGLINEAR 多维列联表的层次对数线性模型Hinge 折叶点Histogram 直方图Historical cohort study 历史性队列研究Holes 空洞HOMALS 多重响应分析Homogeneity of variance 方差齐性Homogeneity test 齐性检验Huber M-estimators 休伯M 估计量Hyperbola 双曲线Hypothesis testing 假设检验Hypothetical universe 假设总体IImage factoring 多元回归法Impossible event 不可能事件Independence 独立性Independent variable 自变量Index 指标/指数Indirect standardization 间接标准化法Individual 个体Inference band 推断带Infinite population 无限总体Infinitely great 无穷大Infinitely small 无穷小Influence curve 影响曲线Information capacity 信息容量Initial condition 初始条件Initial estimate 初始估计值Initial level 最初水平Interaction 交互作用Interaction terms 交互作用项Intercept 截距Interpolation 内插法Interquartile range 四分位距Interval estimation 区间估计Intervals of equal probability 等概率区间Intrinsic curvature 固有曲率Invariance 不变性Inverse matrix 逆矩阵Inverse probability 逆概率Inverse sine transformation 反正弦变换Iteration 迭代JJacobian determinant 雅可比行列式Joint distribution function 分布函数Joint probability 联合概率Joint probability distribution 联合概率分布KK-Means Cluster 逐步聚类分析K means method 逐步聚类法Kaplan-Meier 评估事件的时间长度Kaplan-Merier chart Kaplan-Merier 图Kendall's rank correlation Kendall 等级相关Kinetic 动力学Kolmogorov-Smirnove test 柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验Kruskal and Wallis test Kruskal 及Wallis 检验/多样本的秩和检验/H 检验Kurtosis 峰度LLack of fit 失拟Ladder of powers 幂阶梯Lag 滞后Large sample 大样本Large sample test 大样本检验Latin square 拉丁方Latin square design 拉丁方设计Leakage 泄漏Least favorable configuration 最不利构形Least favorable distribution 最不利分布Least significant difference 最小显著差法Least square method 最小二乘法Least Squared Criterion，最小二乘方准则Least-absolute-residuals estimates 最小绝对残差估计Least-absolute-residuals fit 最小绝对残差拟合Least-absolute-residuals line 最小绝对残差线Legend 图例L-estimator L 估计量L-estimator of location 位置L 估计量L-estimator of scale 尺度L 估计量Level 水平Leveage Correction，杠杆率校正Life expectance 预期期望寿命Life table 寿命表Life table method 生命表法Light-tailed distribution 轻尾分布Likelihood function 似然函数Likelihood ratio 似然比line graph 线图Linear equation 线性方程Linear programming 线性规划Linear regression 直线回归Linear Regression 线性回归Linear trend 线性趋势Loading 载荷Location and scale equivariance 位置尺度同变性Location equivariance 位置同变性Location invariance 位置不变性Location scale family 位置尺度族Log rank test 时序检验Logarithmic curve 对数曲线Logarithmic normal distribution 对数正态分布Logarithmic scale 对数尺度Logarithmic transformation 对数变换Logic check 逻辑检查Logistic distribution 逻辑斯特分布Logit transformation Logit 转换LOGLINEAR 多维列联表通用模型Lognormal distribution 对数正态分布Lost function 损失函数Lower limit 下限Lowest-attained variance 最小可达方差LSD 最小显著差法的简称Lurking variable 潜在变量MMain effect 主效应Major heading 主辞标目Marginal density function 边缘密度函数Marginal probability 边缘概率Marginal probability distribution 边缘概率分布Matched data 配对资料Matched distribution 匹配过分布Matching of distribution 分布的匹配Matching of transformation 变换的匹配Mathematical expectation 数学期望Mathematical model 数学模型Maximum L-estimator 极大极小L 估计量Maximum likelihood method 最大似然法Mean 均数Mean squares between groups 组间均方Mean squares within group 组内均方Means (Compare means) 均值-均值比较Median 中位数Median effective dose 半数效量Median lethal dose 半数致死量Median polish 中位数平滑Median test 中位数检验Minimal sufficient statistic 最小充分统计量Minimum distance estimation 最小距离估计Minimum effective dose 最小有效量Minimum lethal dose 最小致死量Minimum variance estimator 最小方差估计量MINITAB 统计软件包Minor heading 宾词标目Missing data 缺失值Model specification 模型的确定Modeling Statistics 模型统计Models for outliers 离群值模型Modifying the model 模型的修正Modulus of continuity 连续性模Morbidity 发病率Most favorable configuration 最有利构形MSC（多元散射校正）Multidimensional Scaling (ASCAL) 多维尺度/多维标度Multinomial Logistic Regression 多项逻辑斯蒂回归Multiple comparison 多重比较Multiple correlation 复相关Multiple covariance 多元协方差Multiple linear regression 多元线性回归Multiple response 多重选项Multiple solutions 多解Multiplication theorem 乘法定理Multiresponse 多元响应Multi-stage sampling 多阶段抽样Multivariate T distribution 多元T 分布Mutual exclusive 互不相容Mutual independence 互相独立NNatural boundary 自然边界Natural dead 自然死亡Natural zero 自然零Negative correlation 负相关Negative linear correlation 负线性相关Negatively skewed 负偏Newman-Keuls method q 检验NK method q 检验No statistical significance 无统计意义Nominal variable 名义变量Nonconstancy of variability 变异的非定常性Nonlinear regression 非线性相关Nonparametric statistics 非参数统计Nonparametric test 非参数检验Nonparametric tests 非参数检验Normal deviate 正态离差Normal distribution 正态分布Normal equation 正规方程组Normal P-P 正态概率分布图Normal Q-Q 正态概率单位分布图Normal ranges 正常范围Normal value 正常值Normalization 归一化Nuisance parameter 多余参数/讨厌参数Null hypothesis 无效假设Numerical variable 数值变量OObjective function 目标函数Observation unit 观察单位Observed value 观察值One sided test 单侧检验One-way analysis of variance 单因素方差分析Oneway ANOVA 单因素方差分析Open sequential trial 开放型序贯设计Optrim 优切尾Optrim efficiency 优切尾效率Order statistics 顺序统计量Ordered categories 有序分类Ordinal logistic regression 序数逻辑斯蒂回归Ordinal variable 有序变量Orthogonal basis 正交基Orthogonal design 正交试验设计Orthogonality conditions 正交条件ORTHOPLAN 正交设计Outlier cutoffs 离群值截断点Outliers 极端值OVERALS 多组变量的非线性正规相关Overshoot 迭代过度PPaired design 配对设计Paired sample 配对样本Pairwise slopes 成对斜率Parabola 抛物线Parallel tests 平行试验Parameter 参数Parametric statistics 参数统计Parametric test 参数检验Pareto 直条构成线图（佩尔托图）Partial correlation 偏相关Partial regression 偏回归Partial sorting 偏排序Partials residuals 偏残差Pattern 模式PCA（主成分分析）Pearson curves 皮尔逊曲线Peeling 退层Percent bar graph 百分条形图Percentage 百分比Percentile 百分位数Percentile curves 百分位曲线Periodicity 周期性Permutation 排列P-estimator P 估计量Pie graph 构成图饼图Pitman estimator 皮特曼估计量Pivot 枢轴量Planar 平坦Planar assumption 平面的假设PLANCARDS 生成试验的计划卡PLS（偏最小二乘法）Point estimation 点估计Poisson distribution 泊松分布Polishing 平滑Polled standard deviation 合并标准差Polled variance 合并方差Polygon 多边图Polynomial 多项式Polynomial curve 多项式曲线Population 总体Population attributable risk 人群归因危险度Positive correlation 正相关Positively skewed 正偏Posterior distribution 后验分布Power of a test 检验效能Precision 精密度Predicted value 预测值Preliminary analysis 预备性分析Principal axis factoring 主轴因子法Principal component analysis 主成分分析Prior distribution 先验分布Prior probability 先验概率Probabilistic model 概率模型probability 概率Probability density 概率密度Product moment 乘积矩/协方差Profile trace 截面迹图Proportion 比/构成比Proportion allocation in stratified random sampling 按比例分层随机抽样Proportionate 成比例Proportionate sub-class numbers 成比例次级组含量Prospective study 前瞻性调查Proximities 亲近性Pseudo F test 近似 F 检验Pseudo model 近似模型Pseudosigma 伪标准差Purposive sampling 有目的抽样QQR decomposition QR 分解Quadratic approximation 二次近似Qualitative classification 属性分类Qualitative method 定性方法Quantile-quantile plot 分位数-分位数图/Q-Q 图Quantitative analysis 定量分析Quartile 四分位数Quick Cluster 快速聚类RRadix sort 基数排序Random allocation 随机化分组Random blocks design 随机区组设计Random event 随机事件Randomization 随机化Range 极差/全距Rank correlation 等级相关Rank sum test 秩和检验Rank test 秩检验Ranked data 等级资料Rate 比率Ratio 比例Raw data 原始资料Raw residual 原始残差Rayleigh's test 雷氏检验Rayleigh's Z 雷氏Z 值Reciprocal 倒数Reciprocal transformation 倒数变换Recording 记录Redescending estimators 回降估计量Reducing dimensions 降维Re-expression 重新表达Reference set 标准组Region of acceptance 接受域Regression coefficient 回归系数Regression sum of square 回归平方和Rejection point 拒绝点Relative dispersion 相对离散度Relative number 相对数Reliability 可靠性Reparametrization 重新设置参数Replication 重复Report Summaries 报告摘要Residual sum of square 剩余平方和residual variance (剩余方差)Resistance 耐抗性Resistant line 耐抗线Resistant technique 耐抗技术R-estimator of location 位置R 估计量R-estimator of scale 尺度R 估计量Retrospective study 回顾性调查Ridge trace 岭迹Ridit analysis Ridit 分析Rotation 旋转Rounding 舍入Row 行Row effects 行效应Row factor 行因素RXC table RXC 表SSample 样本Sample regression coefficient 样本回归系数Sample size 样本量Sample standard deviation 样本标准差Sampling error 抽样误差SAS(Statistical analysis system ) SAS 统计软件包Scale 尺度/量表Scatter diagram 散点图Schematic plot 示意图/简图Score test 计分检验Screening 筛检SEASON 季节分析Second derivative 二阶导数Second principal component 第二主成分SEM (Structural equation modeling) 结构化方程模型Semi-logarithmic graph 半对数图Semi-logarithmic paper 半对数格纸Sensitivity curve 敏感度曲线Sequential analysis 贯序分析Sequence 普通序列图Sequential data set 顺序数据集Sequential design 贯序设计Sequential method 贯序法Sequential test 贯序检验法Serial tests 系列试验Short-cut method 简捷法Sigmoid curve S 形曲线Sign function 正负号函数Sign test 符号检验Signed rank 符号秩Significant Level 显著水平Significance test 显著性检验Significant figure 有效数字Simple cluster sampling 简单整群抽样Simple correlation 简单相关Simple random sampling 简单随机抽样Simple regression 简单回归simple table 简单表Sine estimator 正弦估计量Single-valued estimate 单值估计Singular matrix 奇异矩阵Skewed distribution 偏斜分布Skewness 偏度Slash distribution 斜线分布Slope 斜率Smirnov test 斯米尔诺夫检验Source of variation 变异来源Spearman rank correlation 斯皮尔曼等级相关Specific factor 特殊因子Specific factor variance 特殊因子方差Spectra 频谱Spherical distribution 球型正态分布Spread 展布SPSS(Statistical package for the social science) SPSS 统计软件包Spurious correlation 假性相关Square root transformation 平方根变换Stabilizing variance 稳定方差Standard deviation 标准差Standard error 标准误Standard error of difference 差别的标准误Standard error of estimate 标准估计误差Standard error of rate 率的标准误Standard normal distribution 标准正态分布Standardization 标准化Starting value 起始值Statistic 统计量Statistical control 统计控制Statistical graph 统计图Statistical inference 统计推断Statistical table 统计表Steepest descent 最速下降法Stem and leaf display 茎叶图Step factor 步长因子Stepwise regression 逐步回归Storage 存Strata 层（复数）Stratified sampling 分层抽样Stratified sampling 分层抽样Strength 强度Stringency 严密性Structural relationship 结构关系Studentized residual 学生化残差/t 化残差Sub-class numbers 次级组含量Subdividing 分割Sufficient statistic 充分统计量Sum of products 积和Sum of squares 离差平方和Sum of squares about regression 回归平方和Sum of squares between groups 组间平方和Sum of squares of partial regression 偏回归平方和Sure event 必然事件Survey 调查Survival 生存分析Survival rate 生存率Suspended root gram 悬吊根图Symmetry 对称Systematic error 系统误差Systematic sampling 系统抽样TTags 标签Tail area 尾部面积Tail length 尾长Tail weight 尾重Tangent line 切线Target distribution 目标分布Taylor series 泰勒级数Test(检验)Test of linearity 线性检验Tendency of dispersion 离散趋势Testing of hypotheses 假设检验Theoretical frequency 理论频数Time series 时间序列Tolerance interval 容忍区间Tolerance lower limit 容忍下限Tolerance upper limit 容忍上限Torsion 扰率Total sum of square 总平方和Total variation 总变异Transformation 转换Treatment 处理Trend 趋势Trend of percentage 百分比趋势Trial 试验Trial and error method 试错法Tuning constant 细调常数Two sided test 双向检验Two-stage least squares 二阶最小平方Two-stage sampling 二阶段抽样Two-tailed test 双侧检验Two-way analysis of variance 双因素方差分析Two-way table 双向表Type I error 一类错误/α错误Type II error 二类错误/β错误UUMVU 方差一致最小无偏估计简称Unbiased estimate 无偏估计Unconstrained nonlinear regression 无约束非线性回归Unequal subclass number 不等次级组含量Ungrouped data 不分组资料Uniform coordinate 均匀坐标Uniform distribution 均匀分布Uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimate 方差一致最小无偏估计Unit 单元Unordered categories 无序分类Unweighted least squares 未加权最小平方法Upper limit 上限Upward rank 升秩VVague concept 模糊概念Validity 有效性VARCOMP (Variance component estimation) 方差元素估计Variability 变异性Variable 变量Variance 方差Variation 变异Varimax orthogonal rotation 方差最大正交旋转Volume of distribution 容积WW test W 检验Weibull distribution 威布尔分布Weight 权数Weighted Chi-square test 加权卡方检验/Cochran 检验Weighted linear regression method 加权直线回归Weighted mean 加权平均数Weighted mean square 加权平均方差Weighted sum of square 加权平方和Weighting coefficient 权重系数Weighting method 加权法W-estimation W 估计量W-estimation of location 位置W 估计量Width 宽度Wilcoxon paired test 威斯康星配对法/配对符号秩和检验Wild point 野点/狂点Wild value 野值/狂值Winsorized mean 缩尾均值Withdraw 失访X此组的词汇还没找到YYouden's index 尤登指数ZZ test Z 检验Zero correlation 零相关Z-transformation Z 变换。

中小学生心理素质双因子结构的构建武丽丽;张大均;程刚【摘要】尝试构建双因子模型来验证中小学生心理素质结构的理论构想.采用整群抽样法先后两次选取被试,第一次选取重庆、四川、广东各一所小学4-6年级共1607名学生,重庆、四川、湖北、江西、浙江5个省市初一到高三共2106名中学生,第二次选取重庆市潼南区五所小学4-6年级共1334名学生、北碚区两所中学初一到高三共1057名学生,尝试构建中小学生心理素质的双因子结构,同时比较双因子模型与传统维度结构模型拟合中小学生心理素质的优劣.结果表明:相比传统维度结构模型,双因子结构模型拟合数据最优.结论:双因子模型更适用于解释中小学生心理素质的结构.【期刊名称】《心理与行为研究》【年(卷),期】2017(015)001【总页数】8页(P26-33)【关键词】心理素质;双因子模型;维度结构模型;中小学生【作者】武丽丽;张大均;程刚【作者单位】西南大学心理健康教育研究中心暨心理学部,重庆400715;西南大学心理健康教育研究中心暨心理学部,重庆400715;贵州师范大学教育学院,贵阳550000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】B844随着素质教育的全面推进，心理素质教育作为素质教育的重要组成部分，越来越受到研究者和教育部门的关注。

素质教育的根本目标是提高学生的整体素质，学生的整体素质包含生理素质、科学文化素质、思想道德素质和心理素质。

在整个素质教育里，心理素质教育占据核心地位，是德智体全面发展教育的出发点和归宿（张大均,冯正直,郭成,陈旭,2000）。

因此，从全面提高学生整体素质的角度出发，必须重视学生心理素质理论的探讨。

1.1 心理素质的内涵结构心理素质是在中国素质教育大背景下提出的，在当下社会及学术领域使用广泛的本土化概念。

在借鉴国内外相关研究的基础上，结合多年的理论与实证研究，我国学者将心理素质的基本涵义界定为：以生理条件为基础，将外在获得的刺激内化成稳定的、基本的、内隐的，具有基础、衍生和发展功能的，并与人的适应行为和创造行为密切联系的心理品质（Zhang&Feng,2000;张大均等,2000;张大均,2012）。