2013年江西师范大学艺术基础(专业硕士)考研真题

江西师范大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试试题（ A 卷）专业：学科教学（英语）科目：英语综合注：考生答题时，请写在考点下发的答题纸上，写在本试题纸或其他答题纸上的一律无效。

Ⅰ.Vocabulary: (20 points, 1 X 1)Directions: Choose the best word which has the closest meaning to the underli -ned word in the sentence.1.Hauchecome’s death was bought about by ________.A) remorse B) accusation C) rheumatism D) frustration2.Jack _______ crimson with embarrassment when his girl friend saw his dirty socks under the sheet.A) disputed B) fumbled C) flushed D) stopped3.The boy had a _______ expression because of silly mistakes he had made.A) rustic B) shamefaced C) incredulous D) desperate4.The poem handles the problem of instinct _______ intellect in man.A) versus B) positive C) implement D) academic5.The government _______ its policy of helping the unemployed.A) implemented B) enriched C) enrolled D) plagued6.Obviously, the Chairman’s marks at the conference were _______ and not planned.A) substantial B) spontaneous C) simultaneous D) synthetic7.Reporters and photographers alike took great _______ at the rude way the actor behaved during the interview.A) annoyance B) offence C) resentment D) irritation8.These continual _______ in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.A) transitions B) transformations C) exchanges D) fluctuations9.Susan has _______ the elbows of her son’s jacket with leather patches to make it more durable.A) reinforecd B) sustained C) steadied D) confirmed10.Although we tried to concentrate on the lecture, we were _______ by the noise from the next room.A) distracted B) displaced C) dispersed D) discarded11.The reason why so many children like to eat this new brand of biscuit is t-hat it is particularly sweet and _______.A) fragile B) feeble C) brisk D) crisp12.There is supposed to be a safety _______ which makes it impossible for trains to collide.A) appliance B) accessory C) machine D) mechanism13.For years now, the people of that faraway country have been cruelly _____ by a dictator.A) depressed B) immersed C) oppressed D) cursed14.Ever since the rise of industrialism, education has been _______ towards producing workers.A) harnessed B) hatched C) motivated D) geared15.He developed a _______ attitude after years of frustration in his career.A) sneaking B) disgusted C) drastic D) cynical16.They believed that this was not the _______ of their campaign for equality but merely the beginning.A) climax B) summit C) pitch D) maximum17.Several guests were waiting in the _______ for the front door to open.A) porch B) vent C) inlet D) entry18.As the mountains were covered with a _______ of cloud, we couldn’t see their tops.A) coating B) film C) veil D) shade19.We couldn’t really afford to buy a house so we got it on hire purchase and paid monthly _______.A) investments B) requirements C) arrangements D) installments20.The magician made us think he cut the girl into pieces but it was merely an _______.A) illusion B) impression C) image D) illumⅡ.Reading Comprehension: (40 points, 1 X 2)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by so me questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked a, b, c, and d. You should decide on the best choice and write the an swer on the Answer Sheet.TEXT 1Pygmies are the earliest-known inhabitants of central Africa. They lived in t he Congo basin long before other groups migrated there--their presence confirm ed in ancient Egyptian records. They are gentle, peaceful people who conceal t he-mselves well in the rainforest. They have in recent times had to share with immigrant farmers. Pygmies do not farm, but trade meat, honey and other for -est products for knives, metal tools ,rice, corn and bananas. They are lighter skinned than some of their neighbors and different in stature. Adults are 1.2 to 1.5m tall.The Efe group of Pygmies of the Ituri forest in eastern Congo is one of the last to retain its original culture. The Efes, whose existence is threatened by l -ogging and farming in the forests in which they hunt, are among the Burundi group of Pygmies who live in north-eastern Congo.In Cameroon, there is a population of 35,000 Baka Pygmies,but this number is uncertain because of the group’s semi-nornadic lifestyle in wandering the ra -inforest in search of game and other foods. During the three-month rainy seas -on, when food is plentiful, the Baka leave their permanent villages to roam th e forest, rarely staying in one place more than a week.Men contract marriages during this crucial season; they prove their hunting a -bility by the game they bring home to the parents of a future wife.Men from farming tribes sometimes marry Pygmy women, although there is a ban again -st Pygmy men marrying women from farming tribes.Within the Baka culture, hunting elephant is one of the most important activ -ities,not only for food but for the symbolic meanings and prestige traditionally attached to it. Elephant hunting is linked to other cultural activities, including men’s initiation and women’s ritual songs.Hunting is performed with poisoned arrows, bows, crossbows, spears and traps. The Baka are interested in the out -side world while maintaining their identity and independence. And though they are attracted by much of what the outside world offers, they have always had access to the forest,a world that is completely their own.Their culture is robust enough to survive as long as the forest remains. Without it this culture will be meaningless.21.The fact that Pygmies are the earliest Central African inhabitants has been ______.A)established B)made C)discovered D)explored22.Pygmies are gentle and peaceful people who in stature is ________.A)unusually big C)normally smallB)normally big D)quite normal23.________fails to denote the name of a country.A)the Congo B)Ituri C)Burundi D)Cameroon24.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A)A Baka Pygmy marriage takes place in the rainforestB)Of all Pygmies, the Efe group is the last group keeping its primitive cultureC)Pygmy men are forbidden to marry women from farming tribesD)Pygmy women are not forbidden to marry men from farming tribes25.Robust as Pygmy culture is, it can according to the text, by all means surv -ive ________.A)to the end of this centuryB)the next centuryC)the culture of farming tribes long in the outside worldD)as long as there is the rainforestTEXT 2The use of chemicals in almost all areas of life has become a commonplace phenmoenon. There is growing evidence ,however, that chemicals in the envir -onment, including pesticides, may contribute to some illnesses. While studies are still being conducted preliminary conclusions point to the verdict that such chemicals are indeed negatively impacting those humans to whom they are exp -osed.Children are especially vulnerable to toxic substancs. Pound for pound, they eat, drink and breathe more than adults,all of which expose them more heavily to those chemicals to which most individuals encounter on a daily basis. Fur-theremore, their bodies are still in developing stages, exacerbating the negative effects of those chemicals which negatively impact them.Of 50 types of pesticieds commonly used in American schools a study cond -ucted by the National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides found thatmany caused negative reactions in laboratory animals. Such negative effects inc -luded kidney and liver damage, cancer, and neurological and reproductive prob -lems.These implications of these findings are far-reaching, Given the variety of ha -rmful effects attributed to those pesticides tested, one must pause and consider whether it is wise to continue their use in the nation’s schools,where children will be constantly exposed to them. Activists have lobbied for the elimination of such use with a degree of success, and recent findings, if supported by fur -ther analysis and confirmation, may help further the cause. A long term soluti on or alternative, however, remains elusive.In the short run, however, there may be some measures that can be taken to mitigate the harmful effects of dangerous pesticides. The American Medical Association’s Council on Scientific Affairs concluded in a 1997 report that giv-en the “particular uncertaint regarding the long-term health effects of low-dose pesticide exposures.”It is “prudent”for adults and children to limit their expos -ure and to “consider the use of the least toxic chemical pesticides or non-che-mical alternatives”.26.The citing of dangerous effects of pesticides on laboratory animals in paragr -aph 3 is used to suggest that _______.A)scientists are also concentrated with effects of pesticides on animalsB)cancer is the worst effect of the pesticidesC)most or all of the dangerous effects of pesticides are now knownD)the chemicals may also cause these effects in humans27.Children are more likely than adults to suffer the negative effects of pestici-des because ________.A)children absorb more pesticides than adults, proportionallyB)pesticides are used more in areas with childrenC)the pesticides used in schools are more dangerous than other pesticidesD)adults know more about pesticides than children28.The main point of this text is that _________.A)pesticides are dangerous and their uses need to be reevaluatedB)children suffer most from the effects of pesticidesC)schools are most responsible for pesticide-relate illnessesD)pesticides should be eliminates everywhere29.The author mentions the exaggerated effects of chemicals on children in par -agraph 2 to _____.A)prove that pesticides are dangerous to all humansB)show that children are more susceptible to many kinds of dangersC)suggest a solution to the problem of pesticidesD)identify one group that pesticides hurt in particular30.The author cites the American Medical Association’s advice in paragraph 4 in order to ________.A)present more factual details to clarify the issueB)present an alternative theory for considerationC)present a recommendation from a reputable sourceD)Present a solution drawn from all the evidence consideredTEXT 3It came as something of a surprise when Diana, Princess of Wales, made a trip to Angola in 1997,to support the Red Cross’s campaign for a total ban on all anti-personnel landmines. Within hours of arriving in Angola, television scre -ens around the world were filled with images of her comforting victims injure -d in explosions caused by landmines.”I knew the statistics”,she said,”But putti-ng a face to those figures brought the reality home to me; like when I met Sandra, a 13-year-old girl who had lost her leg, and people like her.”The Princess concluded with a simple message:”We must stop landmines”. And she used every opportunity during her visit to repeat this message. But, back in London, her views were not shared by some members of the British government,which refused to support a ban on these weapons. Angry politicians launched an attack on the princess in the press. They described her as”very ill -informed”and a “loose cannon”. The princess responed by brushing aside the Criticisms:”This is a distraction we do not need. All I’m trying to do is help”. Opposition parties, the media and public immediately voiced their support for Princess. To make matters worse for the government, it soon emerged that the Princess’s trip had been approved by the Foreign Office, and that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the British go-vernment ‘s policy regarding landmines.The result was a severe embarrassment for the government. To try and limit the damage, the Foreign Secretary,Malcolm Rifkin, claimed taht the Princess’s views on landmines were not very different from government policy, and that it was “working towards”a worldwide ban. The Defense Secretary , Michael Portilo, claimed the matter was “a misinterpretation or misunderstanding.”For the Princess,the trip to this war-torn country was an excellent opportunity to use her popularity to show the world how much destruction and suffering lan -dmines can cause. She said that the experience had also given her the chance to get colser to people and their problems.31.Princess Diana paid a visit to Angola in 1997_______.A)to clarify the British government’s stand on landminesB)to establish her image as a friend of landmine victimsC)to investigate the sufferings of landmine victims thereD)to voice her support for a total ban of landmines32.What did Diana mean when she said “putting a face to those figures broug-ht the reality home to me”(Line 5, Para,1)?A)Meeting the landmine victims in person made her believe the statisticsB)She just couldn’t bear to meet the landmine victims face to faceC)The actual situation in Angola made her feel like going back homeD)Seeing the pain of the victims made she realized the seriousness of the situa -tion33.Some members of the British government criticized Diana because ______.A)she had not consulted the government before the visitB)she was ill-informed of the government’s policyC)they were actually opposed to banning landminesD)they believed that she had misinterpreted the situation in Angola34.How did Diana respond to the criticisms?A)She made more appearances on TVB)She paid no attention to themC)She rose to argue with her opponentsD)She met the 13-year-old girl as planned35.What did Princess Diana think of her visit to Angola?A)It had caused embarrassment to the British governmentB)It had greatly promoted her popularityC)It had brought her closer to the ordinary peopleD)It had affected her relations with the British governmentTEXT 4“History is written by the victors.”This famous phrase reverberates througho -ut the halls of history, constantly reminding us to take all that we learn with a grain of salt, knowing that the information provided for our dissemination was provided, shaped and influenced by this left to hold the pen that recorded it. In that respect, one of the worst crimes against history is the revision ofit, the altering of the record of the past so as to reflect the viewpoint of a biased group who stand to benefit from the altered version.By revising the lens by which history is judged, valuable information is lost, to the detriment of both students of the filed as well as the awareness that co-mes from experience. Without an accurately recorded account to serve as guidi -ng light, nations and societies are left to stumble their way about their affairs, ignorant of what has and hasn’t worked before, and unaware of what past ev -ents shaped and determined their present situation. Such dismal situations emer -ge from simple pride, as well as the desire of the revisionists to depict thems -elves in a better light to posterity or to cover up an embarrassing legacy, no matter the cost to the future.Recent attempts by nations involved in the second World War to minimize or erase altogether certain shameful incidents from their history textbook has been met with international outrage and protest, and rightly so. By allowing fu -ture generations to forget or never even learn about how their ancestors stumb -led on the path to progress, the experiences of those who suffered as a result of those mistakes are trivialized and made to be in its information. Both are heinous results for both nationals of that particular nation as well as those of the international community,whose stories intertwine to form the large picture.When a single string in the tapestry of world history is unraveled by revisio -n, the entire piece becomes a weaker one, subject to additional modification at the whim of those who would like to use history as a tool for their own purposes, even if it means fundamentally changing it. This outcome must be avoided at all costs, firstly by not allowing a precedent to be established that makes it acceptable, even in a single case, to commit the revision. Otherwise, humans as a race will fall prey to yet another oft-quoted phrase:”History, if fo -rgotten, is doomed to be repeated.”36.The first line of the text implies that _______.A)historical accounts are invariably colored by the views and stances of those who emerged victoriousB)those who have the power to do so will often influence recording of events to favor themselvesC)those who are defeated have little or no say in the documentation of their st ruggle, resulting in a biased account.D)the winners in a struggle have the moral obligation to accurately record eve-nts37.The author views the revision of history as _______.A)indisputably negative in all situationsB)generally harmful when done so to favor one side’s stanceC)always motivated by the desire to portray the reviser in a better lightD)Rendering the revised history useless for the purposeof analysis and learning38.In paragraph3, the author argues against historical revision with the assertion that ________.A)revision of World WarⅡevents has proven that such actions have a negative impactB)such revision results in an undeserved sense of national prideC)revising history has far-reaching effects beyond the borders of any one count -ryD)history is one of the primary concerns dealt with in the education system and should thus be pure39.In paragraph 4,”When a single string in a tapestry of world history is unra -veled by revision, the entire piece becomes a weaker one”means that ______.A).history is an intertwined series of events coming together to form a large pictureB)a loss of reliability in any single segment of history makes the entire histori -cal record suspectC)once one piece of history is revised, others soon followD)as soon as the integrity of the historical record is breached, it can never be fully recovered.40.The main point of text is that ________.A)revising history must be avoided in all situations at all costsB)the revision of history leads to a flawed perception resulting in loss of vital lessonsC)is revision of history goes on, the meaning behind the revised events will lo -se meaningD)historical revision is an international problem affecting all nations and people Ⅲ.Cloze (20 points, 1 X 2)When people __41__ to improve their breathing their initial thought is invar-iably to suck in the maximum possible draught of air __42__ you can’t pour wine into a full bottle. __43__you can’t fill the lungs with fresh air __44__ you’ve first drained them of every drop of stale air,__45__at the best of times only a sixth of the air in the lungs gets __46__with each fresh breath we take. If we breathe shallowly, or fail to clear the lunges of devitalized air, this poor rate of turnover declines __47__further.__48__always start your deep breathing exercises __49__collapsing the lungs as fully as possible. While you breatheout,imagine that you’re a hot air balloon collapsing slowly to the ground. This has a relaxing effect, particularly __50__ you quietly intone the world relax…relax…relax as you exhale.41.A)set forth B)set off C)set down D)set out42.A)But B)And C)Therefore D)Often43.A)At the same time B)In the same way C)More often than not D)Even if44.A)if B)unless C)after D)before45.A)Even B)Especially C)When D)Where46.A)changed B)changing C)to change D)change47.A)still B)more C)less D)farther48.A)Moreover B)So C)Yet D)Besides49.A)when B)in C)by D)on50.A)before B)even if C)if D)just beforeⅣ.Translation(40 points)Part A. Translate the following passage into English (20 points)依照中华人民共和国妇女权益保障法的规定，妇女在政治、文化、社会和家庭生活等方面享有与难自己平等的权利。

2011年江西师范大学研究生考试中外音乐史试题
中国音乐史部分
名词解释
一，十二律：
古乐的十二调。

古代乐律学名词，是古代的定音方法。

即用三分损益法将一个八度分为十二个不完全相同的半音的一种律制。

各律从低到高依次为：黄钟、大吕、太簇、夹钟、姑洗、仲吕、蕤宾、林钟、夷则、南吕、无射、应钟。

二，乐府：
乐府最初始于秦代，到汉时沿用了秦时的名称。

公元前112年，汉王朝在汉武
帝时正式设立乐府，其任务是收集编纂各地民间音乐、整理改编与创作音乐、进行演唱及演奏等。

三，王光祈：
王光祈(1891—1936) 音乐学家和社会活动家，字润玙，笔名若愚，属龙，四川省成都市的温江区人。

1920年赴德国留学，研习政治经济学，1923年转学音乐。

1927年入柏林大学专攻音乐学，1934年以《论中国古典歌剧》一文获波恩
大学博士学位。

他的研究，开东方民族音乐之先河。

代表作《东方民族之音乐》、《欧洲音乐进化论》、《论中国古典歌剧》等。

四，减字谱：
中国古琴常用的一种以记写指位与左右手演奏技法为特征的记谱法。

因为它是将古琴文字谱的指法、术语减取其较具特点的部分组合而成，故名“减字谱”。

中国古琴常用的一种以记写指位与左右手演奏技法为特征的记谱法。

因为它是将古琴文字谱的指法、术语减取其较具特点的部分组合而成，故名“减字谱”。

由唐末琴家曹柔创立的古琴文字谱，是由文字谱减化而来。

这种记
谱法使用减字拼成某种符号记录左手按弦指法和右手弹奏指法，它是一种只记录演奏法和音高，不记录音名、节奏的记谱法，。

2012年江西师范大学336艺术基础[专业硕士]考研真题及详解一、单项选择题（每题3分，20题，共60分）1．著名的《E大调“英雄”交响曲》是由作曲家（）创作。

A．柴可夫斯基B．门德尔松C．贝多芬D．海顿【答案】C【解析】贝多芬，德国作曲家、钢琴家、指挥家，维也纳古典乐派代表人物之一。

他一共创作了9首编号交响曲。

《第三“英雄”交响曲》原题献给拿破仑，但后来拿破仑称帝，具有民主思想的贝多芬愤然抹去了原来的献辞，改名为《英雄交响曲——为纪念一位伟人而作》。

2．穆索尔斯基是（）的作曲家。

A．德国B．英国C．俄罗斯D．意大利【答案】C【解析】穆索尔斯基是俄国作曲家，强力集团的重要成员，19世纪俄罗斯民族乐派的代表人物。

穆索尔斯基凭借对俄罗斯民间音乐的深刻感悟，在创作上表现出极大的创新能力，被公认是强力集团的最杰出代表。

代表作品有：钢琴组曲《图画展览会》、歌剧《鲍里斯·戈都诺夫》、交响诗《荒山之夜》和歌剧《跳蚤之歌》等。

这些作品都非常具有民族特色，具有鲜明的俄罗斯音乐的风格特征。

3．几个不同高度的乐音和某种样式的节奏组合在一起，即获得了最简单和最具生命力的音乐形式——（）。

A．旋律B．音域C．乐曲D．音色【答案】A【解析】音高和节奏构成了音乐的最基本要素，几个不同高度的乐音和某种样式的节奏组合在一起，即获得了最简单和最具有生命力的音乐形式——旋律。

对于传统的音乐观念来说，旋律是音乐的根本，音乐的感染力常常是通过旋律传达的。

4．曲式的最小完整单位被称为（），它是相对完整的乐思陈述。

A．音符B．节奏C．乐段D．乐句【答案】C【解析】曲式的最小完整单位被称为乐段。

乐段是相对完整的乐思陈述，相当于文字语言中句号所体现的段落意义，一个乐段内部可以包含若干乐句，这就如同文字陈述中句号内部还可以有更小的逗号一样。

二部曲式由两个乐段构成，形成AB结构；三部曲式这是在音乐中最常见的曲式，它形成一种ABA的结构样式；回旋曲式的基本结构特点是有一个不变的主要主题；奏鸣曲式是三部性结构，由“呈示部—展开部—再现部”构成，但每一个部分内部又有比较复杂的构成。

考研是我们第二次改变自己的机会，我很庆幸在这一年艰苦的日子有着亚当的陪伴，没有经历过的人无法理解其中苦楚，因为是你，所以我想把我的经验说给你听。

有很多学弟学妹问我江西师范大学艺术设计考研相关问题，我将其整理写了这篇文章，希望对大家有所帮助。

Q1：江西师范大学学硕和专硕的区别？★答：学硕为学术型硕士，所以研究生期间更注重理论性的东西，一般以发表论文为主，而且毕业前必须发表一篇中文核心论文才能毕业！而专硕更注重实践，所以参加一些设计类的奖项或者接触一些实际项目的机会会相比之下更多一些，同样，毕业时需要拿到省级以上奖项才能被允许毕业。

侧重点不一样，所以大家在选择报考时就必须想好以后的发展方向是哪些，切忌盲目报考。

Q2：环艺我应该报哪个专业？视传应该报哪个专业？产品应该报哪个专业？★答：环艺、视传、产品、服装、动漫这五个方向只是你要报考的一个研究方向，并不是你要报考的专业。

无论你选设计学（学硕）、艺术设计（专硕）这两个专业中的其中哪一个，里面都包含有这五种研究方向，所以你们无需在专业方向上苦恼自己应该报什么。

Q3江西师范大学设计类有哪些专业？★答：设计类分为学硕：设计学。

专硕：艺术设计。

这两个专业大家都可以按照自己的发展方向报考自己喜欢的专业。

Q4：这两个专业分别有哪些不同？★答：设计学：公共课英语考英语一，其他三课考试专硕学硕考的都一样，两个专业是一个理论和一个创意素描。

学硕国家线为340，最后入取统一按照设计学入取，按总分把考设计学排在一起，19年招收17人，往年复试线就是国家线，复试按1:1.5由高到低的排名进入复试。

艺术设计：公共课考英语二，其他三课考试专硕学硕考的都一样，两个专业是一个理论和一个创意素描。

艺术国家线为340，19年招收21人，往年复试线就是国家线，复试为1:1.5按总分排名由高到低进入复试。

Q6：江西师范大学有没有博士点？★答：美术学院有二级博士点。

Q7:我学视传、产品、环艺的也画创意素描？★答：是的，前面已经说过了，江西师范大学初试是不分方向的，所有研究方向包括视传、环艺、产品都基本是考一样的，所以初试阶段大家都一样，也相对来说比较公平。

2013艺术硕士真题参考答案一、单项选择题(每小题1分，共44分)1. 2013年是英国作曲家布里顿诞辰100周年，他的著名管弦乐作品( )在全世界影响广泛。

A.《青少年管弦乐队指南》B.《仲夏夜之梦》C.《第五交响乐》D.《春之祭》2.康塔塔是17世纪前后出现的音乐体裁，巴洛克时期最伟大的康塔塔作曲家是( )，他共写了200多首康塔塔。

A.亨德尔B. J.C巴赫C.海顿D.莫扎特3.民族管弦乐曲《春江花月夜》，原为琵琶曲( )，1925年被改编为民乐合奏曲。

A.《海青拿天鹅》B.《渔舟唱晚》C.《夕阳萧鼓》D.《二泉映月》4.歌曲《南泥湾》创作于1943年，通过著名歌唱家( )的演唱，使这首歌曲传遍全中国。

A.郭兰英B.王玉珍C.才旦卓玛D.宋祖英5.交响诗《牧神午后》创作于1894年，他是印象主义作曲家( )的代表作。

A.莫扎特B.拉威尔C.德彪西D.李斯特6.舞蹈是( ).A.空间的艺术B.综合时间和空间的艺术C.瞬间的艺术D.静态的艺术7.“来如雷霆收震怒，罢如江海凝青光”是诗人( )对《剑器舞》的描述与形容。

A.李群玉B.白居易C.杜甫D.王维8.芭蕾舞作品《天鹅之死》是由( )创作的。

A.米哈伊·福金B.列夫·伊凡诺夫C.马里乌斯·彼季帕D.巴兰钦9. “伊莎多拉·邓肯”通过研究( )创造了现代舞的表演风格。

A.奥托艺术B.巴洛克艺术C.古希腊艺术D.拜占廷艺术10.舞蹈编导是舞蹈作品的创作者，通常兼有( )的双重职责。

A.编舞和示范B.编舞和导演C.编舞和设计D.设计结构和撰写文本11.中国民间舞秧歌中的“大场”通常用在舞蹈的( )。

A.开头和结尾B.中间穿插C.舞段衔接D.舞段转换12.《汉堡剧评》的作者莱辛是( )人。

A.法国B.俄国C.英国D.德国13.江泰是曹禺先生剧本( )中的人物。

A.《原野》B.《北京人》C. 《雷雨》D.《日出》14.亚里士多德的戏剧理论著作是( )。

2013年各大高校教育硕士考研【333教育综合】考研真题试题目录2013年北京师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (2)2013年东北师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (3)2013年福建师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (4)2013年杭州师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (5)2013年华中师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (6)2013年山东师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (7)2013年陕西师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (8)2013年四川师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (9)2013年苏州大学教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (10)2013年云南师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (11)2013年浙江师大教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (12)2013年西南大学教育硕士333教育综合考研真题 (13)一、名词解析1京师大学堂2三舍法3美国《国家在危机中的报告》4洛克的白板说5心里健康6学习动机二、简答题1现代教育的主要特点2学校教育的主要价值3个人本位论的教育目的的观点4教学的任务三、论述题1蔡元培的基本思想2根据材料分析杜威的教育思想3德育原则的理论与实际相结合的原则4有意义学习的实质与条件教育学原理一、名词解释1.义务教育2.活动课程3.班级授课制4.教学直观性原则二、简答题1.简述我国的教育目的在《教育法》中的体现，其中体现的精神实质是什么？2.简述教学与智育的关系三、论述题1.有人说“一两遗传胜过万吨黄金”，这种说法对么？说明你的道理。

中国教育史一、名词解释1.学记2.中华职业教育社二、论述题1.试论述孔子教学方法及其现实意义外国教育史一、简答题1.简述苏格拉底法的基本内容。

二、论述题1.试论述杜威的课程与教材论的相关内容及其现实意义。

心理学一、简答题1.简述科尔伯格的道德发展理论。

二、论述题1.某地某学校根据学生入学前的智商高低来分快慢班。

试论述你的想法，并用心理学的相关知识进行评价。

2013年江西师范大学336艺术基础[专业硕士]考研真题及详解一、单项选择题（每题3分，20题，共60分）1．音乐的（）材料主要有嗓音和器乐两个来源。

A．形式B．声音C．结构D．曲式【答案】B【解析】音乐的声音材料主要有两个来源：①第一种来自于人类的天然器官—嗓音，即人声的歌唱。

人的歌唱有很丰富的音色变化，如男声、女声、童声。

同一种声音类型依据音域，还可以划分为高、中、低音。

②另一种声音材料来自于器乐，即人创造的器物发出的乐声。

器乐更加丰富多样，不同民族和地区有不同的乐器，另外计算机、电子合成器以及新的录音、放音技术的问世，为音乐的未来发展提供了难以估测的广阔空间。

2．五线谱是公元11世纪初由（）音乐理论家季多所发明。

A．德国B．意大利C．法国D．英国【答案】B【解析】五线谱是在十一世纪时，由意大利的音乐理论家归多·达·累佐最先发明和试用的。

他当时创造的是为纪录《圣歌》而使用的四线谱，因为四条线只能记录八个音左右，而《圣歌》的音域一般都只有八度左右，并且完全是用男声(男声音)来演唱的，所以当时的四线谱中各音的音高相当于现在的次中音谱表。

3．中国传统音乐大致可以分为宫廷音乐、（）、宗教音乐和民间音乐四大类型。

A．山林音乐B．乡村音乐C．文人音乐D．社会音乐【答案】C【解析】中国传统音乐通常是指在清代就已经基本成型的音乐。

大致可以分为宫廷音乐、文人音乐、宗教音乐和民间音乐四大类别。

其中，文人音乐包括古琴和词调音乐。

古琴又名七弦琴，居古代文人“琴棋书画”四大修养之首，古琴音乐集中体现了文人的审美追求、中国道家崇尚的“大音希声”“物我同一”“情景相即”的至高境界；词调音乐是宋代以来文人间彼此唱和的一种重要形式，但现在留存下来的绝大部分仅有词而无乐。

4．民歌《北京的金山上》是一首（）。

A．蒙古族的长调B．藏族的箭歌C．朝鲜族的抒情谣D．苗族的飞歌【答案】B【解析】箭歌，多流行于西藏东南部，是猎手夸耀箭术时所唱的。

江西师范大学2013年硕士研究生入学考试试题（ A 卷）专业：学科教学（英语）科目：英语综合注：考生答题时，请写在考点下发的答题纸上，写在本试题纸或其他答题纸上的一律无效。

Ⅰ.Vocabulary: (20 points, 1 X 1)Directions: Choose the best word which has the closest meaning to the underli -ned word in the sentence.1.A special feature of education at MIT is the opportunity for students and faculty to ______ together in research activities.(A)involve (C) specialize(B) participate (D) consists2.American college students are increasingly ______ with credit card debt and the consequences can be rather serious.(A) discharged (C) boosted(B) dominated (D) burdened3. Some people argue that the death ______ does not necessarily reduce the number of murders.(A)penalty (C) pattern(B) plot (D) practice4. A study shows that students living in non-smoking dorms are less likely to ______ the habit of smoking.(A) turn up (C) make up(B) pick up (D) draw up5. The most successful past-career athletes are those who can take the identity and life skills they learned in sports and ______ them to another area of life.(A) apply (C) employ(B) utilize (D)exert6. Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to ______ honest applicants from the growing number of dishonest ones .(A)dissolve (C) discount(B) disguise (D)distinguish7. Almost all job applicants are determined to leave a good ______ on a potentialemployer.(A)illusion (C) reflection(B)impression (D) reputation8. Being out of work, Jane can no longer ______ friends to dinners and movies as she used to.(A) treat (C) urge(B)appeal (D) compel9.Although they lost their jobs, savings and unemployments benefits allow the couple to ______ their comfortable home.(A) look forward to (C) hold on to(B)catch up with (D)come in for10. The findings paint a unique picture of the shopping habits of customers, plus their motivation and ______.(A) possessions (C)privileges(B) possibilities (D) preferences11.You should have put the milk in the ice box: I expect it ______ undrinkable by now .(A) became (C) has become(B)had become (D) becomes12. Codes are a way of writing something in secret, _______ , anyone who doesn’t know the code will not be able to read it.(A)that is (C) in short(B) worse still (D)on the other hand13. His long service with the company was _______ with a present.(A)admitted (C) attributed(B) acknowledged (D) accepted14. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as ______ its soils and water of its lake, rivers and oceans.(A)are (C) do(B) is (D)has15. Our house is about a mile from the station and there are not many houses ______.(A) in between (C) far apart(B) among them (D) from each other16.The drowning child was saved by Dick’s ______ action.(A) acute (C) profound(B) alert (D) prompt17. Children and old people do not like having their daily _______ upset.(A)habit (C) routine(B) practice (D) custom18. The criminal always paid _______ cash so the police could not track him down.(A) on (C) for(B) by (D) in19. ________ when she started complaining.(A)Not until he arrived (C) No sooner had he arrived(B)Hardly had he arrived (D) Scarcely did he arrive20. By 1990, production in the area is expected to double ________ of 1980.(A) that (C) one(B) it (D) whatII.Reading Comprehension: (40 points, 1 X 2)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by s ome questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked a, b, c, and d.You should decide on the best choice and write the ans wer on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneThe process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms.”She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly-perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’behaviors, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli,;asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person abouthim or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person-questions, self-disclosures(自我表露), and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions, It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g. Secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g. Disclosure and truthful statements).21.The word “pinpoint”(Para 1, Line 3) basically means ________.(A) appreciate(B)obtain(C) interpret(D)identify22.What do we learn from the first paragraph?(A) People are better described in cold, objective terms(B) The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated(C) One should not judge people by their appearance(D)One is usually subjective when assessing other people’s personality23.It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that ________.(A) people do not reveal their true self on every occasion.(B) in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directly(C) the best way to know a person is by making comparisons(D)face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person24. In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the author’s opinion, are _________.(A)personal matters that should seriously dealt with(B) barriers that should be done away with(C) as significant as disclosures and truthful statements(D) things people should guard against25.The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.(A)to give advice on appropriate conduct for social occasions.(B)to provide ways of how to obtain information about people(C)to call the reader’s attention to the negative side of people’s characters(D) to discuss the various aspects of getting to know peoplePassage TwoPsychiatrists（精神病专家)who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child rearing ---- older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. But raising kids takes more money and energy. Many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents’ biggest, and often unspoken, fear. Having late-life children, says an economics professor, often means parents, particularly fathers,”end up retiring much later.” For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream.Henry Metcalf, a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But he’s also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grade, but he’s learned that young at heart doesn’t mean young, Lately, he’s been taking afternoon naps to keep up his energy.” My body is aging,”says Metcalf ,”You can’t get away from that.”Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at.” They worry they’ll be mistaken for grandparents , or that they’ll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school.”says Joann Galst, a New York psychologist. But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one “that they won’t be alive long enough to support and protect their child,” she says.Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of fertility（受孕）treatment. Marilyn Nolen and her husband, Randy, had twins.”We both wanted children,” says Marilyn, who was 55 when she gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years,”a sense of family”.Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives.”The dads are older, more mature,”says Dr.Silber,” and more ready to focus on parenting.”26. Why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child rearing?(A) Older parents can better balance their resources against children’s demand.(B) Older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children.(C) Older parents are often better prepared financially.(D) Older parents can take better care of their children27. What does the author mean by saying “For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream”(Line7-8,Para.1)?(A) They have to go on working beyond their retirement age.(B) They can’t get full pension unless they work some extra years.(C) They can’t obtain the retirement benefits they have dreamed of.(D) They are reluctant to retire when they reach their retirement age.28.The author gives the example of Henry Matcalf to show that _________.(A) many people are young in spirit despite their advanced age.(B) taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energy(C) older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodies.(D) older parents should exercise more to keep up with their athletic children.29. What’s the biggest fear of older parents according to New York psychologist Joann Galst?(A) Being laughed at by other people .(B) Slowing down their pace of life.(C) Being mistaken for grandparents.(D) Approaching of death.30. What do we learn about Marilyn and Randy Nolen?(A) They thought they were an example of successful fertility treatment(B) Not until they have the twins did they feel they had formed a family.(C) They believed that children born of older parents would be smarter.(D) Not until they reached middle age did they think of having children.Passage ThreeInterest in pursing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their bome borders for talents.Professionals seek career experience outside of their home countries for a variety of reasons. They may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge. Theymay want a position with more responsibility that encourages creativity and initiative. Or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language.When applying for a job, one usually has to submit a resume or curriculum vitae(CV). The two terms generally mean the same thing: a one-or two-page document describing one’s educational qualifications and professional experience. However, guidelines for preparing a resume are constantly changing, The best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the corporate culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring decision. The challenge will be to embrace two or more cultures in one document. The following list is a good place to start.Educational requirements differ from country to country. In almost every case of “cross-border” job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not be an adequate description. Provide the reader with details about your studies and any related experience.Pay attention to the resume format you use---chronological or reverse-chronological order . Chronological order means listing your “oldest ”work experience first. Reverse-chronological order means listing your current or most recent experience first. Most countries have preference about which format is most acceptable. If you find no specific guidelines, the general preference is for the reverse-chronological format.If you are submitting your resume in English, find out if the recipient uses British English or American English because there are variations between the two versions. For example, university education is often referred to as “tertiary education “ in the United Kingdom, but this term is almost never used in the United States. A reader who is unfamiliar with these variations may assume that your resume contains errors.panies are hiring more foreign employees because ________.(A) they have difficulty finding qualified personnel at home .(B) they find foreign employees are usually more talented.(C) the need original ideas from employees hired overseas(D)they want to expand their business beyond home borders32.The author believe that an individual who applies to work overseas ________.(A) is usually creative and full of initiative.(B) aims to improve his foreign language skills.(C) seeks either his own or his children’s development.(D) is dissatisfied with his own life at home.33. When it comes to resume writing, it is best to ________.(A)know the employer’s personal likes and dislikes.(B) following appropriate guidelines for job hunting.(C) learn about the company’s hiring process.(D) take cultural factors into consideration.34.When writing about qualifications, applicants are advised to ________.(A) provide a detailed description of their study and work experiences.(B) give the title of the university degree they have earned at home.(C) highlight their keen interest in pursuing a “cross-border” career.(D) stress their academic potential to impress the decision maker.35. According to the author’s last piece of advice, the appliance should be aware of ________.(A) the recipient’s preference with regard to the format.(B) the different educational system in the US and the UK.(C) the difference between the varieties of English.(D) the distinctive features of American and British cultures.Passage FourSpeeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in for an unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobiliser(锁止器)，and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-sellphone, a microprocessor and memory,and a GPS satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control center to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.In the UK a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves.”The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,”says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by theignition(点火)key. In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal ears, often by getting hold of the owner’s keys. And key is responsible for 40%of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system.If the car travels 100metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations center that is has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.Staff at the center will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing and keep police informed of the vehicle’s movement via the car’s GPS unit.36.What’s the function of the remote immobiliser fitted to a car?(A) To allow the car to look automatically when stolen.(B) To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.(C) To help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief.(D) To prevent car thief by sending a radio signal to the car owner.37. By saying “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed”(Lines1-2,Para 3), Martyn Randall suggests that _______.(A) self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft.(B) the thief has to make use of computer technology .(C) it makes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing.(D) the chief has lost interest in stealing cars 10 years old.38. What is essential in making a modern car tougher to steal?(A) A GPS satellite positioning receiver.(B) A unique ID card.(C) A special cellphone signal.(D) A coded ignition key.39. Why does the tracking system set a 100-metre minimum before sending an alarm to the operations center.(A) To give the driver time to contact the operations center.(B) To allow for possible errors in the GPS system.(C) To keep police informed of the car’s movements.(D)To leave time for the operations center to give an alarm.40.What will the operations center do first after receiving an alarm?.(A) Start the tracking system.(B) Locate the missing car.(C) Contact the car owner.(D) Block the car engine.III.Cloze (20 points, 1 x 2)The part of the environmental movement that draws my firm’s attention is the design of cities, buildings and products. When we designed America’s first so-called “green”office building in New York two decades __41__, we felt very alone. But today, thousands of people come to green building conferences, and the __42__ that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly influential in years to __43__.Back in 1984 we discovered that most manufactured products for decoration weren’t designed for __44__ use. The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis __45__ indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. So for 20 years, we’ve been focusing on these materials __46__to the molecules, looking for ways to make them __47__ for people and the planet.Home builders can now use materials ----such as paints that release significantly __48__ amounts of organic compounds---that don’t __49__ the quality of the air, water, or soil. Ultimately __50__, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating __51__ healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil __52__reused by industry again and again, As a matter of __53__, the world’s largest carpet manufacturer has already __54__ a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable.Look at it this way: No one __55__ out to create a building that destroys the planet. But our current industrial systems are __56__ causing these conditions, whether we like it or not. So __57__ of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are __58__ a positive approach. We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a __59__ effect on the world.It’s not just the building industry, either,__60__ cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and building. Portland, Seattle and Boston have said they want to be green cities. Chicago wants to be the greenest city in the world.41. a. off b.away c.before d.ago42. a. practice b.idea c.outlook d.scheme43. a. go b.continue e d.arrive44. a. relevant b.indoor c. flexible d.inward45. a. revealed b.displayed c.exhibited d.discovered46. a. back b.near c.down d.next47. a. cautions fortable c.stable d.safe48. a. reduced b.revised c.delayed d.descended49. a. destroy b.deny c.dissolve d.depress50. a. anyway b. besides c anyhow d. However51. a. exactly pletely c.partially d.superficially52. a. and b.nor c.or d.but53. a. principle b.course c. interest d.fact54. a. developed b.sketched c.researched d.constructed55. a. looks b.pulls c.starts d.makes56. a. originally b.traditionally c.basically d.inevitably57. a. instead b.because c.out d.regardless58. a. adjusting b.adopting c.adapting d.admitting59. a. functional b. sensible c beneficial d. precious60. a. full b. entire c total d. completeIV.Translation (40 points)Part A. Translate the following passage into English (20 points)许多专家认为。

江西师范大学2013年硕士研究生入学考试试题（ A 卷）专业：学科教学（英语）科目：英语综合注：考生答题时，请写在考点下发的答题纸上，写在本试题纸或其他答题纸上的一律无效。

Ⅰ.Vocabulary: (20 points, 1 X 1)Directions: Choose the best word which has the closest meaning to the underli -ned word in the sentence.1.A special feature of education at MIT is the opportunity for students and faculty to ______ together in research activities.(A)involve (C) specialize(B) participate (D) consists2.American college students are increasingly ______ with credit card debt and the consequences can be rather serious.(A) discharged (C) boosted(B) dominated (D) burdened3. Some people argue that the death ______ does not necessarily reduce the number of murders.(A)penalty (C) pattern(B) plot (D) practice4. A study shows that students living in non-smoking dorms are less likely to ______ the habit of smoking.(A) turn up (C) make up(B) pick up (D) draw up5. The most successful past-career athletes are those who can take the identity and life skills they learned in sports and ______ them to another area of life.(A) apply (C) employ(B) utilize (D)exert6. Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to ______ honest applicants from the growing number of dishonest ones .(A)dissolve (C) discount(B) disguise (D)distinguish7. Almost all job applicants are determined to leave a good ______ on a potentialemployer.(A)illusion (C) reflection(B)impression (D) reputation8. Being out of work, Jane can no longer ______ friends to dinners and movies as she used to.(A) treat (C) urge(B)appeal (D) compel9.Although they lost their jobs, savings and unemployments benefits allow the couple to ______ their comfortable home.(A) look forward to (C) hold on to(B)catch up with (D)come in for10. The findings paint a unique picture of the shopping habits of customers, plus their motivation and ______.(A) possessions (C)privileges(B) possibilities (D) preferences11.You should have put the milk in the ice box: I expect it ______ undrinkable by now .(A) became (C) has become(B)had become (D) becomes12. Codes are a way of writing something in secret, _______ , anyone who doesn’t know the code will not be able to read it.(A)that is (C) in short(B) worse still (D)on the other hand13. His long service with the company was _______ with a present.(A)admitted (C) attributed(B) acknowledged (D) accepted14. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as ______ its soils and water of its lake, rivers and oceans.(A)are (C) do(B) is (D)has15. Our house is about a mile from the station and there are not many houses ______.(A) in between (C) far apart(B) among them (D) from each other16.The drowning child was saved by Dick’s ______ action.(A) acute (C) profound(B) alert (D) prompt17. Children and old people do not like having their daily _______ upset.(A)habit (C) routine(B) practice (D) custom18. The criminal always paid _______ cash so the police could not track him down.(A) on (C) for(B) by (D) in19. ________ when she started complaining.(A)Not until he arrived (C) No sooner had he arrived(B)Hardly had he arrived (D) Scarcely did he arrive20. By 1990, production in the area is expected to double ________ of 1980.(A) that (C) one(B) it (D) whatII.Reading Comprehension: (40 points, 1 X 2)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by s ome questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked a, b, c, and d.You should decide on the best choice and write the ans wer on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneThe process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms.”She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly-perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’behaviors, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli,;asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person abouthim or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person-questions, self-disclosures(自我表露), and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions, It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g. Secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g. Disclosure and truthful statements).21.The word “pinpoint”(Para 1, Line 3) basically means ________.(A) appreciate(B)obtain(C) interpret(D)identify22.What do we learn from the first paragraph?(A) People are better described in cold, objective terms(B) The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated(C) One should not judge people by their appearance(D)One is usually subjective when assessing other people’s personality23.It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that ________.(A) people do not reveal their true self on every occasion.(B) in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directly(C) the best way to know a person is by making comparisons(D)face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person24. In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the author’s opinion, are _________.(A)personal matters that should seriously dealt with(B) barriers that should be done away with(C) as significant as disclosures and truthful statements(D) things people should guard against25.The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.(A)to give advice on appropriate conduct for social occasions.(B)to provide ways of how to obtain information about people(C)to call the reader’s attention to the negative side of people’s characters(D) to discuss the various aspects of getting to know peoplePassage TwoPsychiatrists（精神病专家)who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child rearing ---- older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. But raising kids takes more money and energy. Many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents’ biggest, and often unspoken, fear. Having late-life children, says an economics professor, often means parents, particularly fathers,”end up retiring much later.” For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream.Henry Metcalf, a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But he’s also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grade, but he’s learned that young at heart doesn’t mean young, Lately, he’s been taking afternoon naps to keep up his energy.” My body is aging,”says Metcalf ,”You can’t get away from that.”Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at.” They worry they’ll be mistaken for grandparents , or that they’ll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school.”says Joann Galst, a New York psychologist. But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one “that they won’t be alive long enough to support and protect their child,” she says.Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of fertility（受孕）treatment. Marilyn Nolen and her husband, Randy, had twins.”We both wanted children,” says Marilyn, who was 55 when she gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years,”a sense of family”.Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives.”The dads are older, more mature,”says Dr.Silber,” and more ready to focus on parenting.”26. Why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child rearing?(A) Older parents can better balance their resources against children’s demand.(B) Older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children.(C) Older parents are often better prepared financially.(D) Older parents can take better care of their children27. What does the author mean by saying “For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream”(Line7-8,Para.1)?(A) They have to go on working beyond their retirement age.(B) They can’t get full pension unless they work some extra years.(C) They can’t obtain the retirement benefits they have dreamed of.(D) They are reluctant to retire when they reach their retirement age.28.The author gives the example of Henry Matcalf to show that _________.(A) many people are young in spirit despite their advanced age.(B) taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energy(C) older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodies.(D) older parents should exercise more to keep up with their athletic children.29. What’s the biggest fear of older parents according to New York psychologist Joann Galst?(A) Being laughed at by other people .(B) Slowing down their pace of life.(C) Being mistaken for grandparents.(D) Approaching of death.30. What do we learn about Marilyn and Randy Nolen?(A) They thought they were an example of successful fertility treatment(B) Not until they have the twins did they feel they had formed a family.(C) They believed that children born of older parents would be smarter.(D) Not until they reached middle age did they think of having children.Passage ThreeInterest in pursing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their bome borders for talents.Professionals seek career experience outside of their home countries for a variety of reasons. They may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge. Theymay want a position with more responsibility that encourages creativity and initiative. Or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language.When applying for a job, one usually has to submit a resume or curriculum vitae(CV). The two terms generally mean the same thing: a one-or two-page document describing one’s educational qualifications and professional experience. However, guidelines for preparing a resume are constantly changing, The best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the corporate culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring decision. The challenge will be to embrace two or more cultures in one document. The following list is a good place to start.Educational requirements differ from country to country. In almost every case of “cross-border” job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not be an adequate description. Provide the reader with details about your studies and any related experience.Pay attention to the resume format you use---chronological or reverse-chronological order . Chronological order means listing your “oldest ”work experience first. Reverse-chronological order means listing your current or most recent experience first. Most countries have preference about which format is most acceptable. If you find no specific guidelines, the general preference is for the reverse-chronological format.If you are submitting your resume in English, find out if the recipient uses British English or American English because there are variations between the two versions. For example, university education is often referred to as “tertiary education “ in the United Kingdom, but this term is almost never used in the United States. A reader who is unfamiliar with these variations may assume that your resume contains errors.panies are hiring more foreign employees because ________.(A) they have difficulty finding qualified personnel at home .(B) they find foreign employees are usually more talented.(C) the need original ideas from employees hired overseas(D)they want to expand their business beyond home borders32.The author believe that an individual who applies to work overseas ________.(A) is usually creative and full of initiative.(B) aims to improve his foreign language skills.(C) seeks either his own or his children’s development.(D) is dissatisfied with his own life at home.33. When it comes to resume writing, it is best to ________.(A)know the employer’s personal likes and dislikes.(B) following appropriate guidelines for job hunting.(C) learn about the company’s hiring process.(D) take cultural factors into consideration.34.When writing about qualifications, applicants are advised to ________.(A) provide a detailed description of their study and work experiences.(B) give the title of the university degree they have earned at home.(C) highlight their keen interest in pursuing a “cross-border” career.(D) stress their academic potential to impress the decision maker.35. According to the author’s last piece of advice, the appliance should be aware of ________.(A) the recipient’s preference with regard to the format.(B) the different educational system in the US and the UK.(C) the difference between the varieties of English.(D) the distinctive features of American and British cultures.Passage FourSpeeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in for an unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobiliser(锁止器)，and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-sellphone, a microprocessor and memory,and a GPS satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control center to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.In the UK a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves.”The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,”says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by theignition(点火)key. In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal ears, often by getting hold of the owner’s keys. And key is responsible for 40%of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system.If the car travels 100metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations center that is has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.Staff at the center will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing and keep police informed of the vehicle’s movement via the car’s GPS unit.36.What’s the function of the remote immobiliser fitted to a car?(A) To allow the car to look automatically when stolen.(B) To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.(C) To help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief.(D) To prevent car thief by sending a radio signal to the car owner.37. By saying “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed”(Lines1-2,Para 3), Martyn Randall suggests that _______.(A) self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft.(B) the thief has to make use of computer technology .(C) it makes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing.(D) the chief has lost interest in stealing cars 10 years old.38. What is essential in making a modern car tougher to steal?(A) A GPS satellite positioning receiver.(B) A unique ID card.(C) A special cellphone signal.(D) A coded ignition key.39. Why does the tracking system set a 100-metre minimum before sending an alarm to the operations center.(A) To give the driver time to contact the operations center.(B) To allow for possible errors in the GPS system.(C) To keep police informed of the car’s movements.(D)To leave time for the operations center to give an alarm.40.What will the operations center do first after receiving an alarm?.(A) Start the tracking system.(B) Locate the missing car.(C) Contact the car owner.(D) Block the car engine.III.Cloze (20 points, 1 x 2)The part of the environmental movement that draws my firm’s attention is the design of cities, buildings and products. When we designed America’s first so-called “green”office building in New York two decades __41__, we felt very alone. But today, thousands of people come to green building conferences, and the __42__ that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly influential in years to __43__.Back in 1984 we discovered that most manufactured products for decoration weren’t designed for __44__ use. The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis __45__ indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. So for 20 years, we’ve been focusing on these materials __46__to the molecules, looking for ways to make them __47__ for people and the planet.Home builders can now use materials ----such as paints that release significantly __48__ amounts of organic compounds---that don’t __49__ the quality of the air, water, or soil. Ultimately __50__, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating __51__ healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil __52__reused by industry again and again, As a matter of __53__, the world’s largest carpet manufacturer has already __54__ a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable.Look at it this way: No one __55__ out to create a building that destroys the planet. But our current industrial systems are __56__ causing these conditions, whether we like it or not. So __57__ of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are __58__ a positive approach. We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a __59__ effect on the world.It’s not just the building industry, either,__60__ cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and building. Portland, Seattle and Boston have said they want to be green cities. Chicago wants to be the greenest city in the world.41. a. off b.away c.before d.ago42. a. practice b.idea c.outlook d.scheme43. a. go b.continue e d.arrive44. a. relevant b.indoor c. flexible d.inward45. a. revealed b.displayed c.exhibited d.discovered46. a. back b.near c.down d.next47. a. cautions fortable c.stable d.safe48. a. reduced b.revised c.delayed d.descended49. a. destroy b.deny c.dissolve d.depress50. a. anyway b. besides c anyhow d. However51. a. exactly pletely c.partially d.superficially52. a. and b.nor c.or d.but53. a. principle b.course c. interest d.fact54. a. developed b.sketched c.researched d.constructed55. a. looks b.pulls c.starts d.makes56. a. originally b.traditionally c.basically d.inevitably57. a. instead b.because c.out d.regardless58. a. adjusting b.adopting c.adapting d.admitting59. a. functional b. sensible c beneficial d. precious60. a. full b. entire c total d. completeIV.Translation (40 points)Part A. Translate the following passage into English (20 points)许多专家认为。