• 可诉补贴是指那些不是一律被禁止,但 又不能自动免于质疑的补贴。对这些补 贴,往往要根据其客观效果才能判定是 否符合世贸组织规则。
Chapter 4 WTO rules on Trade in goods
Actionable subsidies-可诉补贴
No Yes
Yellow subsidy
Adverse effect on other Members
• 损害了另一成员方的国内产业
• Nullification or impairment of benefits accruing directly or indirectly from GATT1994 to other Members
• 抵消或损害了其他成员方在GATT1994中直接或间接享受利益
Red subsidy
Prohibited subsidies-禁止性补贴
• Subsidies that require recipients to meet certain export targets, or to use domestic goods instead of imported goods. (出口补贴和进口替代补贴 )
• Art6,Art16 of GATT1947 • Tokyo Round Subsidies Code (补贴与反补贴守则) • Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM)
• Totally 11 parts, 32 articles and 7 annexes (Substantial and procedural problems) • Contains a definition of subsidy • Introduces the concept of a “specific” subsidy (专项性补贴)