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2019年高考英语考前冲刺押题语法专项-动词时态和语态

注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！

无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。

名师押题：

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别

【押题1】Withoursocietydeveloping，theleveloflifeinoureountrygreatlyrecently、A、hasbeenroseB、hasbeenraisedC、hadroseD、rose

【解题指导】此题考查一般过去时与现在完成时的区别之一：时间状语不同。一般过去时，常与表示过去时间点的词连用(表示过去某时发生的动作)；而现在完成时常与表

在造成的影响或结果。因此解题的关键是：结合句意判断这个动作有无影响。

【押题指数】★★★★

【解析】A。过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响就隐藏在句中：Howcleantheyale!也就是说你的打扫使得房间清洁，强调”你的打扫”的影响和结果，故用现在完成时。

【押题3】一Ihaven“seenyouforages、Haven’tyougraduatedfromcollege?一Yes，——Englishfour’yearsinSeijing、

A、study

B、havestudied

C、amstudying

D、studied

【解题指导】此题考查一般过去时与现在完成时的区别之三：过去时与一段时间连用表示动作没有持续到现在；而现在完成时与一段时间连用表示动作持续到了现在。结合句意判断动作是否持续到现在是解题的根本所在。

【押题指数】★★★★

【解析】D。“Yes”说明“已经毕业”，也就是说，“已不在北京学习”，即动作没有持续到现在，故用一般过去时。

一般过去时与过去进行时的区别

一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。近三年全国各地区考查一般过去时与过去进行时的区别的题目有10道。

【押题4】IhadwantedtohelpyoulastnightbutIcouldn’tsparemytime，forIacompositionwhichIhadtohandinthismorning、

A、wrote

B、waswriting

C、hadwritten

D、have’written

【解题指导】结合句意判断动作是否完成是解题的关键。

【押题指数】★★★★

【解析】B。结合句意”我昨晚想帮你可是抽不出时间，因为昨晚我在写一篇作文，这

合考查的。如2017年全国有6个地区考查了被动语态的用法。

【押题6】Clothesmadeofthismaterialcomfortably，buteasily、

A、wear；aren’twashed

B、are’worn；don’twash

C、wear；don’twash

D、areworn；aren’twashed

【解题指导】考生要弄清何时用主动形式表被动意义：

1、表示感觉、感官的系动词后跟形容词时。

2、某些动词，如sell，write，wash与副词连用，表示事物的特征时。

3、want，need，require表示”需要”时，其后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义。

几种将来时间表达法的区别

近三年全国各地区考查将来时间表达法比较的题目多达9道。如2017年江苏卷考查了willbegoingto表将来的用法区别。

【押题8】Whatevermayhappen，goonuntilyousucceed，andyouwhatlifeisabout、

A、shouldknow

B、mustknow

C、haveknown

D、willknow

【解题指导】考生应弄清以下几种将来时间表达法的区别：

1、现在进行时表将来，表示最近按计划或安排要发生的动作，仅用于少数短暂性动词。

2、一般现在时表将来：在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。

3、在”祈使句+and／or+陈述句”结构中，and／or后的句子用”will+动词原形”。解题时，考生首先要弄清每一种”将来时间表达法”的适用情境，然后结合语境作出判断。

【押题指数】★★★

【解析】D。此句符合”祈使句+and／or+陈述句”结构，其中and／or后的句子用”will+动词原形”，故答案为D。

【押题9】一DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?

一Oh，Iforgot.hernow、

A、called

B、willcall

C、aingoingtocall

D、hascalled

【解题指导】解题的关键是弄清will，begoingto表将来的区别：如果主语的意图事

2、〔2018年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语〕Ican’tbelievethatyougotfinedforspeeding.I______ofyouasacarefuldriver.

A、think

B、amthinking

C、thought

D、havethought

【答案】C

【解析】考查时态。句意：我难以相信你会因为超速行驶被罚款。我本以为你是一个谨慎的司机。由句意可知，“认为”这一动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时，thought表示“本以为”。

3、〔北京市东城区2018届高三第一学期期末教学统一检测英语〕Ifyouringthedoorbellwhenvisitingourhome,you______byourdog.

A、willbegreeted

B、willgreet

C、weregreeted

D、greeted

【答案】A

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：你来我家如果按响门铃，我家的狗会迎接你的。在条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。来拜访应该是被迎

5、—Excuseme.butIwonderifJoanisavailableat3：30thisafternoon.

—I’mafraidshe_____________HarryPotterandthePhilosopher’sStone.

A.willwatch

B.willbewatching

C.istowatch

D.iswatching

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态。根据问话中的thisafternoon可知是将来的时间，语意表示在三点半这个时刻Joan将正在看《哈利波特与魔法石》，所以用将来进行时。

6、.—I________thebooktillnow.

—Noworry.Youmayhaveleftitathome.

A.hadn’tfound

B.don’tfind

C.won’tfind

D.haven’tfound

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词的时态。由句中的tillnow可知，此处应该用现在完成时，表示“我的书到现在都没找到”，所以答案选D项。

7、—Thankyouforyourcoffee.

—Butyou_______it.

A.didn’tdrink

B.aren’tdrinking

C.don’tdrink

D.hadn’tdrunk 【答案】A

【解析】考查时态。语意：“谢谢你的咖啡。”“但你(刚才)并没有喝。”根据语意可知空处表示的是过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时。

8、〔山东省潍坊东营淄博滨州四市2018届高三联考英语〕—WhatdoyouthinkoftheEiffelTower?

—Splendid.WhenIwasinFrance,I______it.

A、havevisited

B、hadvisited

C、couldvisit

D、visited

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态。根据答句“当我在法国的时候，我去参观了”可知去参观是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时，即D项正确。

9、TrafficconditionsinBeijing___________fordecades、Atfirstpeopleonlycomplainedaboutjamsduringrushhours，buttodayeveryhourisrushhour、

A、isworsening

B、haveworsened

C、havebeenworsening

D、worsened 【答案】C

【解析】考查时态。句意：北京的交通状况几十年来一直在恶化。起初，人们只是抱怨交通高峰期的堵塞，但是如今每个小时都是高峰期。现在完成进行时表示这种状态从过去一直持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去。

10、Bythetimeherealizesthemistakehe______,itwillbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.

A.hasmade

B.made

C.makes

D.willmake

【答案】A

【解析】考查时态。句意为“在他意识到他所犯的错误的时候，再采取任何措施已经为时已晚”。显然，在他意识到犯错误的时候，他已经犯下错误，因此应用现在完成时。

11、IwonderwhyAnndidn'tget____thejob.Sheistherightpersonforit.

A、tobeoffered

B、tooffer

C、offering

D、offered

【答案】D

【解析】考查语意：我不知道为什么Ann没有被提供给这份工作，她是合适的人选。getdone 表示被动，Ann与offer之间是动宾关系。应选D项。12、—YourspokenEnglishissogood.Haveyoubeenabroad?

—Yes:I____inLondonfortwoyears.

A、havestayed

B、stayed

C、hadstayed

D、havebeenstaying

【答案】B

14、—Haveyoubeenteachingheresincegraduation?

—No,I____onafarmfor5years.

A、hadworked

B、haveworked

C、wasworking

D、worked

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态。因为在农场工作五年没有明显的截止时间界限，所以属于持续了一段时间的过去存在的状态，要用一般过去时。

15、—Monitor？

—I’mnotmonitorofourclass.I____withtheteacheruntilthemonitoriselected.

A、willjusthelp

B、amjusthelping

C、amjusttohelp

D、havejusthelped

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态。从“我不是我们班的班长”可知，后边的句子意思为“我只是暂时帮老师的忙直到班长被选出”。根据句意，此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作，应该用现在进行时。

16、Withthecountry'spopulationreaching1.6billioninthemidofthiscentury,mostofChina's rivers,includingtheYellowRiver,____.

A、isdryingup

B、willbedryingup

C、dryup

D、havedriedup

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态。根据句中的时间状语inthemidofthiscentury再结合语意可知此题应该使用将来进行时表示在将来某一段时间内发生的变化。17、—Didyoufindthemissingcoupleinthemountainyesterday?

—No,butwe____togetintouchwiththemeversince.

A、havetried

B、havebeentrying

C、hadtried

D、hadbeentrying

【答案】B

19、Pleasedomeafavor—____myfriendMr.SmithtoYouthTheaterat7:30tonight.

A、toinvite

B、inviting

C、invite

D、invited

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子结构。根据语意及句中破折号可知后面的部分是一个祈使句，应该用动词原形。

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