英文摘要常用句型集

英文作文总结句式当你在总结英文作文时，可以使用一系列丰富多样的句式，以突出你对主题的深刻理解和全面总结。

以下是一些常用的总结句式：1. In conclusion, [restate main idea].例如，In conclusion, it is evident that education plays a pivotal role in shaping individuals' futures.2. To sum up, [reiterate key points].例如，To sum up, effective communication, time management, and teamwork are essential skills for successin the workplace.3. Overall, [provide overall assessment].例如，Overall, the implementation of renewableenergy sources is crucial for mitigating climate change and ensuring a sustainable future.4. In summary, [briefly summarize main arguments].例如，In summary, the novel explores themes of love, sacrifice, and the pursuit of identity through the lens of its diverse characters.5. To conclude, [present final thoughts].例如，To conclude, the government should prioritize policies that promote economic equality and social justice for all citizens.6. Taking everything into account, [offer comprehensive perspective].例如，Taking everything into account, it is clear that globalization has both positive and negative impacts on local economies and cultures.7. In light of these points, [draw final conclusion].例如，In light of these points, it is imperativethat individuals take proactive measures to reduce their carbon footprint and combat climate change.8. All things considered, [restate main idea and implications].例如，All things considered, the rise of artificial intelligence presents both opportunities and challenges for the future of work and society.9. On the whole, [provide overall assessment].例如，On the whole, technological advancements have revolutionized various aspects of human life, from communication to healthcare.10. To summarize, [briefly encapsulate main arguments].例如，To summarize, the research highlights the importance of early childhood education in fostering cognitive development and academic success.这些句式可以帮助你有效地总结英文作文，突出重点，展示对主题的全面理解。

学论文英文摘要常用句型英文摘要一般须以第三人称、过去式叙述。

用词准确，逻辑性强，结构严谨。

结果和结论一般用句子表达；而目的、方法（设计、地点和对象）等，则常用短语表达。

（1）英文摘要的时态与语态1)说明研究目的，通常用一般现在时或一般过去时。

2)说明方法和结果，一般用一般过去时、第三人称的被动语态表达。

3）结论通常用一般现在时、被动语态表达，也可用主动语态表达。

（2）常用句型1)表达论文内容的常用句型A 第三人称主动态①This paper(article，report)describes…本文叙述…②This paper (article)reports…本文报告…③This report(paper，article)presents…本文介绍…④This paper(article，report)discusses…本文讨论…常用的动词还有analyze(分析)，evaluate(评价)，compare(比较)，describe（描述）等。

B 第一人称主动态⑤We report(on)…我们报告…⑥We describe a case of…我们描述1例…⑦In this paper，we present…本文介绍…⑧In this paper，we report…本文报告…主语除we之外，还可用the authors(作者)等。

C 一般现在时被动语态⑨A case is reported in which…本文报告1例…⑩A study of…is reported本文报告…的研究⑧…is(are)described．本文描述…⑥In this paper．…is(are)presented．本文介绍…2)表达目的常用句型A 一般过去时、被动语态①The purpose（aim，objective）of this study was to…本研究旨在…②The goal（aim）of this investigation was to…本研究旨在…③This study was designed to…本研究旨在…④This study was undertaken to…本研究旨在…⑤This prospective study was performed to…本前瞻性研究的目的是…⑥A study to…was carried out(during) (在…期间)所作研究的目的是…⑦An attempt has been made to…为了…而作试验B 动词不定式短语To evaluate，report，investigate，study，analyze…C 一般过去时、主动语态⑧We（the authors）conducted a study to…为了…我们进行了研究⑨To determine…，we studied…为了确定…，我们研究了…⑩In an attempt to…，in an effort to…或in order to…，we carried out a pilot study…为了…，我们进行了…的初步研究表示目的的常用动词有：evaluate(评价)，examine(检查，观察)，determine(确定，查明)，elucidate(阐明)，explore(探索)，test(测试)，compare(比较)，estimate(评估)，assess(估价)，investigate(调查)等。

英文摘要常见句型1）This paper deals with...2）This article focuses on the topics of (that, having, etc)...3）This eassy presents knowledge that...4）This thesis discusses...5）This thesis analyzes...6）This paper provides an overview of...7)This paper elaborates on ...8）This article gives an overview of...9）This article compares...and summarizes key findings.10）This paper includes discussions concerning...11)This paper presents up to date information on...12)This article covers the role of chemicals in...13)This paper addresses important topics including...14)This paper touches upon...15)This paper strongly emphasizes...16)This eassy represents the preceedings of ...17)This article not only describes...but also suggests...18)This paper considers...19)This paper provides a method of ...20)This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze...摘要题型写作要点：① 动笔之前，考生一定要认真仔细地阅读所给原文，弄懂原文大意，掌握原文要点。

摘要常用句型及其翻译四、摘要常用句型（Sentence Patterns Used in English Abstracts）论文摘要作为一种比较严肃的文本，在内容的安排上有一定的规律，结构有比较固定的格式。

例如温哥华格式（Vancouver Format）是撰写医学英语论文摘要的基本格式，撰写其他研究领域的英语论文摘要时也可以参照。

█Basic Sentence PatternsPart I To state the purpose of the experimentsIt is the purpose of this article to …The primary purpose of this review/investigation is to …The objectives of this study were to …This report is intended to …In this study, an attempt w as made to …In order to exploreevaluatecompareinvestigate…, we/the authorsanalyzedstudiedperformedsurveyedin/among…Part ⅡTo state the background of the experimentsWe/The authors have confirmed the previous observation that …It has been reported that …Previous studies have shown that …… has/have been associated with …A few comparisons have been made between… and …Part ⅢTo state the methods of the experiments… was/were isolated…analyzedmeasuredby using…… was/were investigateddiagnosedperformedby the method of/the use of/measurement of… /with the… test/by… techniquesUsing…, we demonstrated…Using…, we found that…A recent Study by X showsindicatesdemonstratesprovesprovides information concerning…that…Part ⅣTo state the re sults of the experimentsIt was found that …… failed to show…… was/were significantly associated with/related to/correlated with…… was/were in inverse proportion to…directly proportional to…There was no strong/inverse relationship between… and…associationcorrelationThe results showed/revealed/indicated/presented that…The detailsresultsof… are presented.Part V To state the discussion and conclusion We suggest/believe/conclude/recommend that…We propose… to do …Our/These/The resultsfindingsobservationsdataresearchinvestigationsindicate that…demonstrate that…prove that…support that…provide information concerning…It is suggested/recommended/advised…On the basis of… we conclude that…From these results, it is concluded that…Recent research indicates that…六、摘要英译（Abstract Translation）在翻译英文摘要时，有以下几个问题应加以注意。

学术论文写作格式要求英文摘要常用句型1. Introduction （引言）- This paper aims to...- The purpose of this study is to...- The objective of this research is to...- This paper addresses the issue/problem of...2. Background （背景）- In recent years, there has been increasing interest in...- With the growing importance of...- Despite the extensive research on...- The existing literature has largely focused on...3. Methods （方法）- This study utilized a quantitative/qualitative research design.- Data was collected through surveys/interviews/observations.- The sample consisted of...- Statistical analysis was conducted using...4. Results （结果）- The findings of this study indicate that...- The results suggest that...- The analysis revealed that...- There is a significant correlation between...5. Discussion （讨论）- These results provide insights into...- The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of...- The present study contributes to the understanding of...- These findings are consistent with previous research in the field of...6. Conclusion （结论）- In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of...- Based on the findings, it can be concluded that...- This study provides valuable information for...- Further research is needed to explore...7. Limitations （限制）- Although this study has provided significant insights, it is not without limitations.- One limitation of this study is the small sample size.- Another limitation is the reliance on self-reported data.- Future research should address these limitations by...8. Implications （意义）- The findings of this study have practical implications for...- These results have important implications for policymakers/practitioners.- The implications of this study extend beyond the specific context of...- This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of...9. Future Directions （未来方向）- Future research should explore...- Further investigation is needed to determine...- Future studies could examine...- This research sets the stage for future research on...。

摘要的常用表达方法由于摘要的英文表达要求用词简明、层次清楚, 因此掌握一些特定的规范表达, 甚至建立一个适合自己需要的“句型库”(stock phrases), 对于摘要的撰写是很有帮助的。

3.1 引言部分3.1.1 回顾研究背景常用词汇有：review, summarize, present, outline, describe等。

如：We review evidence for this view of addiction and discuss its implications for understanding the psychology and neurobiology of addiction.This paper outlines some of the basic methods and strategies and discusses some related theoretical and practical issues.3.1.2 阐明写作或研究目常用词汇有：purpose, attempt, aim等。

另外还可以用动词不定式充当目的状语来表达。

如：We attempt to recover a function of unknown smoothness from noisy sampled data.To investigate the mechanism of Bcl-2's effect, we examined whether Bcl-2 interacted with other proteins.3.1.3 介绍论文的重点内容或研究范围常用的词汇有：study, present, include, focus, emphasize, emphasis, attention等。

Here we study the dependence of apoptosis on p53 expression in cells from the thymus cortex.This article includes a brief review of the physics underlying HERWIG, followed by a description of the program itself.3.2 方法部分3.2.1 介绍研究或试验过程常用词汇有：test, study, investigate, examine, experiment, discuss, consider, analyze, analysis等。

英文摘要写作指南——英文摘要中的常用句型及词汇1 介绍文章作者观点和研讨课题内容1.1 文章内容与作者观点present, describe, report, introduce, explain, illustrate, deal with1.2 文章研究课题study, consider, discuss, investigate, analyze, state, develop1.3 文章涉及范围contain, cover, include1.4 综述与概括review, summary, outline, abstract1.5 文章重点concentrate, place, give, be, pay,attention is concentrated on, there is a focus on, attention is paid to, the emphasis is on1.6 文章目的动词: seem to do sth, be aimed at; 名词: purpose for/of, aim of, objective of2 介绍文章成果2.1 成果的获取和开发provide for, develop, establish, give, be designed to do sth, solve, record, furnish, realize, achieve, produce, construct, improve, be deduced from, be derived from, be obtained for2.2 观察和证明show, observe, monitor, find, note, demonstrate, indicate, exhibit, point out2.3 运算和计量calculate, estimate, measure, determine2.4 应用与用途be used to, be applied to2.5 评估与比较evaluate, assess, compare, agree with2.6 试验与实验test, experiment on, be carried out, be designed to do sth2.7 论证与依据be based on, based on, be taken as reference2.8 推荐与建议be proposed for, suggest, suggestions be made for, recommend, recommendations are made2.9 结论It was concluded that, be arrived at3 介绍进一步研究的必要性、方向和关键问题need for, necessity to do sth, require, necessary, describe, expect, important。

Sentence patterns of abstract1.general situation(1)something has a long history, and now it has become…(2)in the past years, something …(3)recently, …2.focus(1)In this paper【example】The results of analyses carried out on the process waters generated during the hydrolysis of oil shale from Rundle, Australia via the Fischer assay retorting process are presented.对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对对(2)(3)【example】The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and utility of tread ill exercise testing prior to the discharge of patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction.研究旨在对因急性心肌梗塞住院的患者在出院前进行踏旋器运动试验的安全性与效用做出评价。

(4)(5)【example】The present study has been carried out with a view to determine the feasibility of a recently suggested scheme for the economical detection and analysis of ultra-high energy cosmic shower.研究旨在确定最近推荐的一种对超高能量宇宙射线簇进行经济探测分析可行性的方案。

英文摘要常用短语（优秀范文五篇）第一篇：英文摘要常用短语英文摘要常用短语1.由。

合成了…………was synthesised from。

……has been synthesised starting from the。

in +steps and inoverall yield.2.考察了。

对****反应的影响The effect of。

on****was(were)examined.3.最佳反应条件为：The optimium reaction condition were(found)as follow:反应时间reaction time温度temperature真空度vacuum dree4.以。

为催化剂With。

as catalyst.5.收率高达？%The reaction yield was up to ？%6.产物结构经红外光谱证实。

The structure of product was ident ified by IR….The product was charavterized by IR and 1H NMR.7.。

and ……的关系曲线Relation Curve betweenand8.。

对…..的影响Effect of。

on….第二篇：优秀英文短语先进的词汇1.科学发展观the Outlook of Scientific Development2.倡导公正、合理的新秩序观call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order3.以平等互利为核心的新发展观new thinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit4.推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster a new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination5.主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity6.新能源观new thinking on energy development有关先进文化的词汇1.古为今用、洋为中用旧译 let the ancient serve the present, let the foreign serve the national现译 draw from past and foreign achievements2.文艺工作cultural and art work;work in the cultural field3.牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向firmly keep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural advancement4.文化与经济和政治互相交融interaction between cultural work, and economic and political activitiescultural elements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors5.民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese, pro-science and people-oriented6.弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity7.以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以崇高的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人Equip/empower people with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them right messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and inspire them with excellent/fine works8.具有中国气派的社会主义文化Chinese-style socialist culture;socialist culture with Chinese appeal9.越是民族的，越是世界的The pride of a nation is also the pride of the world.What's unique for a nation is also precious for the world.When you are unique, the world comes to you.10.文艺应当贴近群众，贴近生活，贴近实际。

论文的英文摘要范文
1.Background(背景)∶介绍论文研究的背景，描述前者研究存在哪些问题，为自己进行这个研究是为了尝试解决前者存在的这些问题做好铺垫。

2.Method(方法)︰介绍研究中所使用了哪些研究方法，需要注意的是∶因为摘要字数有限，所以Method只是需要简单介绍一下即可，不要花太多篇幅介绍。

3.Results(结果)∶这部分直接写实验得到了什么结果，如果没有实验的就只需要阐述文章研究目的和结果。

4.Conclusion(结论)∶论文相对前者的研究有什么创新或独到见解都要阐述在这里。

Abstract其实就是对整篇英文论文浓缩之后的精华部分。

其目的就要让读者就算没有阅读全文，也能从Abstract中知道这篇论文的核心内容。

所以，摘要的写作一定要在论文的开始就把整篇论文的研究目的或要解决的问题呈现给读者。

说完了Abstract的主要写作内容之后，那么我们来看看好的摘要到底该怎么写:
这里EasyEssay告诉大家一个写摘要的'万能模板——PARI。

对于留学新生们来说特别适用，当大家在国外写英文论文多了之后就会有自己的写作方法，但是在不会写之前，可以先参考一下下面这个写作方法︰
PARI摘要写作方法∶
P=Problem:提出文章需要解决哪些问题
A=Approach:解决提出的问题是用的什么方法
R=Results:解决了提出的问题之后得到了什么结果l=lmpacts:这些结果有什么具体或者实际的影响。

研究报告的英文摘要写作句型研究目的第一句话】【【】(ofof this study was to explore/investigate the association betweenand VAVB 1.1The purpose/aim 】【).Subjects】【【】.And this study also aimed at examining the relationship between 1.2This study mainly exploredVB VAand】【】【.VAVB and】【】【【】. SubjectsVB 1.3 This study examined VAand in】【】【.methodstudy on VA1.4 This paper presents a】【】【and VAexamined/explored the relationship among VBas well as 1.5 The research/this study /the study【】】【.VCin order to understand】【】【】【,a study and This study investigated the relationship betweenVBVAVA1.8 To promote research on1.6】【.about item】【【】【】) .VB1.7 This study focused on examining how AREAVA(influences】】【【【】】【were asked/ choosed subjectsVBnumber1.10 1+2+3 To analyze the relationships between, VAand】【【】.test1test2and at random /by convenient to complete】】【【【】】【numberVBSubjects in AREA1.11 1+2+3 To explore characteristics and relationships of of VA, and】】【【】【.and were investigated bytest2test1subjects】【】【】【number and 1.12 1+2 To investigate the situation of VBVA,a questionnaire was administered to】【【】. Subjects in AREAsubjects】【】【】【】【were administered. test2subjectsand Based on a sample of , number test12+3 1.13】【】【the conducted cluster sample of to numberexamine subjects was using 1.14 1+2+3 A survey a 】【【】.VBrelationship between VAand】【】【】【】【. to exploreand subjectsThis study investigated 1.15 1+2+3 VAnumberVB【】】【】【)participated in current study. from AREAsubjects 1.16 1+2 (number【】' Questionnaires were used to explore the characteristics/ the situation /characters of subjects1.17 1+2+3【】【】.and VAVB【】【】【】【】numberVA'subjectsand were assessed in order to examine the characters ofsubjects1+2+31.18】【.VB第二句话被试情况(1.1-1.7+2)【】【】【】【】. subjects 2.2 Participants were number 2.1 numbersubjectsparticipated in the study. 【】【】【】.methodwere tested bysubjectsnumber2+3 2.3】【【】【】method2.4 2+3 subjectsnumber.were asked to respond to the scale along with】】】【】【【【.VAsubjectsandwere tested/examined number onVB2.52+3】【】【【】【】.subjectsand numbercompleted test1test22.6 2+3 By convenient/ramdom sampling,研究过程第三句话】【】【【【】】.VAmethod /testwas test1and test23.2 The measure used to assess were used. 3.1研究结果及结论第四句/研究表明结果显示. ; (2) ; (3) (The/Research )Results showed/demonstrated /indicated/suggested (that/as followed/): (1)】【【】subjects(The)Results based on number The findings /Findings. (3) It was found that : (1) ; (2) ;. ; (2) ; The results are as follows: (1) (3)有显著关系1.】】【【】【.VCVAVBas well as were related to】】【【.(As hypothesized/ As predicted,)related toVAVBwas positively/negativelyrelations/relationship/correlation/association strong/significant/negatively/positively therewas/were a】】】【【【).and VCVBbetween/among(/and VA】【】【】【and VCVBthere were significant differences between.VAin2.显著的多、少】【】【【】. VBand are more VA level1VCtend to be less】【【】【】.VA level1inSubjects' VBVA level2had advantage over】【【】【】VA level1VA level2Subjects' VBsignificant higher than inResults showed that】【. significantly with VA level2 /decreased/increased】【】【】【.VA level2VBVA level1, showed distinctions inCompared with/to3.没有显著差异。

Abstract部分是文章的浓缩与精华，整理一下5个部分常用的句型：The Stock Phrases for Stating the Background Information about the Investigation：1.Less is known about the later survival or reproduction of such persons.2.It is not known, however, whether there is a threshold weight below which morbidityand mortality are significantly greater.3.The use of systemic corticosteroids is a risk factor for the development of posteriorsubscapsular cataracts, but the association between inhaled corticosteroids andcataracts is uncertain.4.Data are limited on the attitudes and practices of physicians regarding assisting thesuicide of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease.5.Limited information is available on trends in the incidence of and mortality due tocarcinogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction.6.There is a dearth of literature in the area of the psychopharmacological management ofdepression in cancer patients.7.The role of climate has received relatively little attention.8.Previous studies have demonstrated that a small number of the 125 medical schools inthe United States receive a disproportionately large share of the research awardsgranted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) .9. A growing body of evidence suggests that electromagnetic interference may occurbetween cardiac pacemakers and wireless hand-held (cellular) telephones, posing apotential public health problem.10.Posteroventral medial pallidotomy sometimes produces striking improvement in patientswith advanced Parkinson’s disease, but the studies to date have involved small numbersof patients and short-term follow-up.The Stock Phrases for Stating the Principal Objective(s) and Scope of the Investigation：1.We tested the hypothesis that early therapy with inhaled glucocorticoids woulddecrease the frequency of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants.2.We conducted a randomized trial to evaluate early revascularization in patients withcardiogenic shock.3.We hypothesized that pre-patient charges would increase during the base year and thendecrease in subsequent years.4.We examined the relation between physicians’ experience with AIDS and the survival oftheir patients with AIDS.5.We investigated the potential role of anorexic agents and other suspected risk factorsfor primary pulmonary hypertension.6.We assessed whether the distributes of NIH research awards to medical schoolschanged between 1986 and 1977.7.We performed a study to determine whether routine testing helps reduce the incidenceof intraoperative and postoperative medical complications.8.To evaluate the relation between elective cesarean section and vertical transmission ofhuman immunodeficiency virus type ( HIV-1), we performed a meta-analysis using dataon individual patients from 15 prospective cohort studies.9.The aim of this study was to detect the extent of non-compliance with treatment ofschizophrenic patients and assess the effectiveness of the intervention program.10.The purpose of our study was to determine the value of noninvasive measurements ofthe velocity of blood flow in the fetal middle cerebral artery for the diagnosis of fetal anemia.11.This study focused on physicians’ assessments of changes in the scope of care providedby primary care physicians and their assessments of the appropriateness of the scope of the care that primary care physicians are expected to provide.12.To address this question, we studied the function of airway epithelial cells anddetermined the frequency of pulmonary symptoms in patients with systemic pseudohypoaldosteronism, a salt-losing disorder caused loss-of-function mutations in the genes for the epithelial sodium channel.The Stock Phrases for Describing the Methods Employed：1.We conducted a randomized, multicenter trial of inhaled beclomethasone or placebo in253 infants.2.We analyzed the neonatal outcomes of death.3.We conducted an observational study of9076 residents of metropolitan Worcester,Massachusetts.ing data from the Civil Registration System in Denmark, we established apopulation-based cohort of 1.75 million persons whose mothers were Danish women born between 1935 and 1978.5.Data on preterm infants (those born at 24 to 36 weeks of gestation) were analyzedseparately from data on infants delivered at term (37 or more weeks of gestation).6.Our study included periods before and after the advent of reperfusion therapy.7.The surveillance system was based on voluntary reporting with the use of a standardcase-report form.8.The children with cerebral palsy were compared with randomly selected controlchildren with respect to characteristics noted in the birth records.9.Cluster analysis was chosen as it offers a statistically sound means of delineatingnatural grouping within data.10.Medical records were reviewed for clinical data.The Stock Phrases for Summarizing the Results：1.The results of a multivariable regression analysis indicated that the patients hospitalizedduring recent study years were not at a substantially lower risk for shock than patients hospitalized in the mid-to-late 1970s.2.The incidence of cardiogenic shock remained relatively stable over time averaging 7.1percent among patients with acute myocardial infarction.3.Results suggested that the effects of stress have more to do with the characteristics ofthe work environment and overall workload than with the degree of specialization on the unit.4.Blood pressure was correlated inversely with monthly maximal temperature anddirectly with minimal humidity.5.There was no clinically significant interference when the telephone was placed in thenormal position over the ear.6.Adjusting for the use of systemic corticosteroids and other potential confounders hadlittle effect on the magnitude of the associations.7.Being on leave was found to be associated with the need for assistance withtransportation, limitations in upper-body strength, and employment in jobs requiring physical activity.8.After adjusting for these factors, the racial difference was reduced and no longerstatistically significant.9.The trial did not have sufficient statistical power to detect differences in survival tohospital discharge, which differed only slightly between the two groups.10.These associations persisted when the data were stratified according to and controlledfor 16 biologic, sociodemographic, and behavioral risk factors.11.There were no significant adverse effects of vitamin E.12.Electron microscopic analyses revealed that the cone angles of synthetic cores wereindeed quantized into the five allowed angles.The Stock Phrases for Stating the Principal Conclusion(s)：1.These findings may have relevance to human neurodevelopment disorders involvingprenatal (drug-abusing mothers) or postnatal (pediatric anesthesia) exposure to drugs that block NMDA receptors.2.This finding emphasizes the importance of achieving cures and of preventing anyonewith infectious tuberculosis.3.These findings may have implications for antihypertensive therapy in different parts ofthe world.4.These observations suggest that the core of HIV is organized on the principles of afullerene cone, in analogy to structures recently observed for elemental carbon.5.Selective manipulations of activity at these sites may offer therapeutic possibilities fortreating chronic pain.6.The discovery of this DNA demethylase should provide a basis for the molecular anddevelopmental analysis of the role of DNA methylation and demethylation.7.This new technique shows promise as a noninvasive method of diagnosing pulmonaryembolism without the need for ionizing radiation or iodinated contrast material.8.Efforts to increase the rate of surgical treatment for black patients appear to be apromising way of improving survival in this group.9. A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against IgE has potential as atreatment for subjects with moderate or severe allergic asthma.10.Our data do not support the hypothesis that everyday exercise is related to the risk ofbreast cancer.11.Our analyses suggest that the lower survival rate among black patients with early-stage,non-small-cell lung cancer, as compared with white patients, is largely explained by thelower rate of surgical treatment among blacks.12.Infliximab is an efficacious treatment for fistulas in patients with Crohn’s disease.13.High-frequency microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer is independently predictiveof a relatively favorable outcome and, in addition, reduces the likelihood of metastases.。

•摘要常用句式•1）研究范围•(to be) carried out；performed；made；conducted；•(to be) studied；investigated ；•(to be) describeddeal with；elucidated；given；presented；developed；employed；derived；prepared；synthesized；monitored；determined；measuredobserved；recorded；examined；characterized；identified；tested；calculated；proposed；used to study；used to establish；evaluated；discussed•(2) 实验要点•（to be）prepared by the reaction of … with …synthesized via reactingobtained via condensationby means ofby usingby the use ofusing … as …over a wide range of …over a broad composition rangeover most of the range of …over the entire … rangecovered the ranges from … to …in the range of …in the temperature range from … to …with a variety of … contentscontain ing … percent or more …in the presence of …in the absence of …•（3）主要结论用That 从句表示实验结果The results indicated that …The results show that …The results demonstrated that …The results reveal that …由It 引起的that 从句It was shown that …It can be seen that …It was found that …It was discovered that …It was concluded that …It has been demonstrated that …It was clarified that …It was revealed that …It is considered that …It was confirmed that …It is suggested that …It was supposed that …It has become apparent that …4）以… to be 后的表语成分表示测定、计算等的结果The rate constant of the catalytic reaction was calculated to be 5.67x106 cm3 mol-1s-1. The theoretical equation was proved to be correct by the experimental results.•（5）表示… 与… 有关•… （to be）correlated with …associated with …related to …depend ent upon …independent of …in relation to …in a linear relationship with …proportional to …inversely proportional to …… depends on …The dependence of … on …… increase with the increase of …… decrease with the increase of …（6）（不）相符的表示方法… (to be) in good agreement with… (to be) found to agree well with …… (to be) consistent with …… (to be) essentially identical with …… (to be) found to coincide essentially with …… (to be) closely analogous to …… (to be) similar to …Good agreement (to be) found between …… (to be) contrary to …… (to be) in contrast with …•（7）结果解释（结论）•… (to be) due to due to… (to be) attributed to …… (to be) assigned to …… (to be) interpreted on the basis of …… can be caused by …… may be explained by …… originate in …… (to be) discussed in terms of …。

英文论文摘要参考词语和句型常用的词汇和句型课题consider ,discuss ,investigate ,study ,etc.1. This article discusses the reasons for. . . and offers an insight into. . . .2. This paper analyzes some important characteristics of . . .3. The paper examines. . . and considers. . . .4. The author considers two specific subjects which. . . .5. A principle of constructing. . . is considered in the paper.6. The influence of . . . on. . . is investigated.7. The process is analyzed using. . . .8. The performance characteristics of . . . are studied theoretically and experimentally.目的aim ,intend ,seek ;aim ,objective ,purpose ,etc.1. One of the purpose of this study is. . . .2. This paper seeks to justify. . . in terms of . . . .3. The aim of this study is to carry out analysis for. . . .4. The test is aimed to. . . .5. The study is intended to. . . .范围be ,contain ,cover ,include ,etc.1. The article contains some practical recommendations on. . . .2. Subjects covered include. . . .3. Some of the specific topics discussed are. . . .4. The scope of the research covers. . . .内容address ,concern ,conjecture , deal with , describe ,illustrate , involve in , look at , present , relate to ,support ,etc.1. The paper addresses the problem of . . . .2. The paper deals with. . . .3. The paper describes the principles and techniques of . . . .4. The paper presents the data in terms of . . . .5. This paper is devoted to assessment of . . . .6. This paper is concerned with the analysis of . . . .7. This article looks at . . . .8. This paper presents a mathematical model of a circuit breaker with random variation of parameters.9. The author describes a configuration of . . . .10. The authors present a. . . principle that predicts. . . .11. The brief history of . . . is presented.12. Performance goals and various approaches to. . . are briefly described.重点be ,concentrate ,give ,pay ,place.1. Attention is concentrated on. . . .2. Particular attention is/ was paid to. . . .3. There has been a focus on. . . and attention is being paid to. . . .4. This report concentrates on. . . .5. The greatest emphasis has been on. . . .6. The primary emphasis in this article is on. . . .方法1. The formula is derived from. . . .2. The test is demonstrated by using. . . .3. The analysis was made with. . . .概括与综述review ,summarize ,etc.This paper reviews/ summarizes the theory from. . .viewpoint ,discusses. . . and presents. . .计量与运算calculate ,determine ,estimate ,measure ,etc.1. This paper determines the energetically rational range of . . . .2. As part of . . . the authors have measured the minimum velocities of . . . .比较与评估agree with ,assess ,compare ,evaluate ,etc.1. The present work evaluates the low- temperature properties of . . . .2. The role of . . . has been critically assessed by. . . .3. The calculated results agree with experimental results.试验与实验experiment, test, etc.1. The experiments on. . . have been carried out using. . . .2. The tests were carried out on. . . .观察与证明demonstrate, find, indicate, observe ,show ,etc.1. It is shown that . . . .2. Studies have shown that . . . .3. New evidence indicates that . . . .4. In this paper, the authors show how. . . .5. In this paper it is demonstrated that . . . .论证与依据be based on ,take as reference ,etc.1. Constitutive equation of . . . is formulated based on. . . .2. The method is based on.应用与用途apply ,use ,etc.1. Such a statistical method has been applied to. . . .2. Two basic technologies are used to lay down. . . .结果find, result in, etc.1. It is founded/ indicated that . . . .2. It was found/ observed between/ in. . . .3. The results of statistically elaborated computations are tabulated. 结论arrive at, conclude ,draw, etc.1. It is concluded that . . . .2. The paper concludes that . . . .建议propose, recommend to, suggest, etc.1. It is suggested that . . . .2. The data/ results/ solutions obtained suggest that . . . .3. Recommendations are made regarding. . . .4. Suggestions were made for further study of . . . .5. The author proposes an approach to. . . .。

研究报告的英文摘要写作句型第一句话研究目的1.1The purpose/aim of this study was to explore/investigate the association between【VA】and 【VB 】(of 【Subjects】).1.2This study mainly explored【VA】and 【VB 】.And this study also aimed at examining the relationship between 【VA】and 【VB 】.1.3 This study examined 【VA】in【Subjects】and 【VB 】.1.4 This paper presents a 【method】study on【VA】.1.5 The research/this study /the study examined/explored the relationship among 【VA】as well as 【VB】and 【VC】in order to understand【】.1.6 This study investigated the relationship between【VA】and 【VB】1.8 To promote research on【VA】,a study 【about item】.1.7 This study focused on examining how 【VA】influences【VB】(【AREA】) .1.10 1+2+3 To analyze the relationships between【VA】and 【VB】, 【number】【subjects】were asked/ choosed at random /by convenient to complete 【test1】and 【test2】.1.11 1+2+3 To explore characteristics and relationships of 【VA】and 【VB】of 【Subjects in AREA】,【number】【subjects】were investigated by【test1】and 【test2】.1.12 1+2 To investigate the situation of 【VA】and 【VB】,a questionnaire was administered to【number】【subjects】【Subjects in AREA】.1.13 2+3 Based on a sample of 【number】【subjects】, 【test1】and 【test2】were administered.1.14 1+2+3 A survey using a cluster sample of 【number】【subjects】was conducted to examine the relationship between 【VA】and 【VB】.1.15 1+2+3 This study investigated 【number】【subjects】to explore【VA】and 【VB】.1.16 1+2 【number】【subjects】(【from AREA】)participated in current study.1.17 1+2+3 Questionnaires were used to explore the characteristics/ the situation /characters of 【subjects】’【VA】and 【VB】.1.18 1+2+3【number】【subjects】were assessed in order to examine the characters of【subjects】’【VA】and 【VB】.第二句话被试情况(1.1-1.7+2)2.1 【number】【subjects】participated in the study. 2.2 Participants were 【number】【subjects】.2.3 2+3 【number】【subjects】were tested by【method】.2.4 2+3 【number】【subjects】were asked to respond to the scale along with【method】.2.52+3【number】【subjects】were tested/examined on【VA】and【VB】.2.6 2+3 By convenient/ramdom sampling, 【number】【subjects】completed 【test1】and 【test2】.第三句话研究过程3.1【test1】and 【test2】were used. 3.2 The measure used to assess 【VA】was 【method /test】. 第四句研究结果及结论结果显示/研究表明(The/Research )Results showed /demonstrated /indicated/suggested (that/as followed/): (1) ; (2) ; (3) .(The)Results based on 【number】【subjects】The findings /FindingsIt was found that : (1) ; (2) ; (3) .The results are as follows: (1) ; (2) ; (3) .1.有显著关系【VA】as well as 【VB】were related to【VC】.(As hypothesized/ As predicted,)【VA】was positively/negatively related to【VB】.there was/were a strong/significant/negatively/positively relations/relationship/correlation/association between/among【VA】and 【VB】(/and 【VC】).there were significant differences between【VA】and 【VB】in 【VC】.2.显著的多、少【VA level1】tend to be less 【VB】and are more 【VC】.【Subjects’ VB】in【VA level1】had advantage over【VA level2】.Results showed that 【Subjects’ VB】in【VA level1】significant higher than 【VA level2】/decreased/increased significantly with【VA level2】.Compared with/to 【VA level1】, 【VA level2】showed distinctions in【VB】.3.没有显著差异【Subjects】in【VA】didn't differ as a function of 【VB】/didn't differ in【VB】。