2009 F-9 Class Notes
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Medical Power Supplies Edition 1 | 2009Innovating Reliable PowerInnovating Reliable Power 2C ontents PageKM series 15 – 40 W 4CME 150 150 W 710EFE-300M 300W HWS series 30 – 1500 W 13SWS L series 1000 W 16NV-Power medical 180 / 200 W 18NV-Power 350 – 1150 W 22VEGA Lite 550 – 750 W 28VEGA 450 / 650 / 900 W 33ALPHA 1000 – 1500 W 3834Highlights• Small size & lightweight • PCB board mountable • Wide range input• M edical safety certifications (4 kV AC input – output)• C lass II (no ground needed)FeaturesBenefits1 For medical applications an equivalent external fuse should be installed in the neutral line2 Class I applications: An external filter can be added to meet EN55011 Class B – see application notesInput SpecificationsN E W5Output SpecificationsPinout – KM15Pinout – KM401 S ymmetrical loading, from minimum to maximum load2 Output V1 is isolated from output V23 O utput V1 is isolated from 2 outputs V2 & V3Outline Drawings67Read instruction manual carefully, before using the power supply unit.1 O perating period at peak output current is less than 10 sec.(Average output power and current is less than maximum output power and current).2 A t 100/200 V AC, T a=25 °C and maximum output power.3 F or cases where conformance to various safety specs (UL, CSA, EN) are required, to be described as 100 – 240 V AC (50/60 Hz).4 N ot applicable for the inrush current to noise filter for less than 0.2 ms.5 P lease refer to fig. A for measurement of line & load regulation and ripple voltage (measure with JEITA RC-9131 probe).6 85 – 265 V AC, constant load.7 N o load – maximum load, constant input voltage.8 C onstant current limit with automatic recovery.Not operate at overload or dead short condition for more than 30 seconds.9 OVP circuit will shut down output, manual reset (line recycle).10 A t 100/200 V AC nominal output voltage and maximum output current.11 M easured by the each measuring method of IEC, UL, CSA, EN and DENAN (at 63 Hz).Output SpecificationsHighlights• Wide range input• M edical safety certifications (4 kV AC input – output)• C onvection cooled (no fan needed)• U p to 180 W peak power • L ow leakage current 0.3 mAN E WRead instruction manual carefully, before using the power supply unit.12 A t standard mounting.– Load (%) is percent of maximum output power or maximum output current, whichever is greater.– For other mountings, refer to derating curve (B019-01-02_).13 As for DENAN, built to meet at 100 V AC.Output SpecificationsOutline Drawings8Outline Drawings910Quick Selectorpreferred configurationsAdditional variants available “Build to Order” – see below.How to create a Product CodeConfirm availability of created product code with the factory.Input SpecificationsHighlights• Reinforced isolation • S implifies equipment design • F ull digital control• I mproves product performance • H igh efficiency• Minimises heat in system •L ow profile • Fits 1 U applications • 3 years warranty• H igh power density (up to 18 W/in 3)• Less space• T emperature controlled fan option • Quieter operation• D esigned for medical equipment (BF-rated)• 400 W peak power for 10 secondsN E WOutput SpecificationsGlobal SignalsIsolationEnvironmentImmunity EN61000-6-2: 2005Emissions EN61000-6-3: 2007, EN60601-1-2: 2001Highlights• Lifetime warranty • Medical approvals• Universal input (85 – 265 V AC)• High efficiency• Broad 30 W to 1500 W product range • RoHS compliant design• S uitable for medical test equipment and analysersFeaturesBenefitsInput SpecificationsInput Specifications Continuation1 100 / 200 V AC input2 See clause 19.5DV.2 of UL60601 for equipment in proximity of patient3 HWS300-600 2.5 kV AC input to groundHWS30-150/ME are without cover, HWS300-1500 are with coverOutput Specifications4 Peak load for 10 sec. maximum on time, 35 % duty cycle5 200 – 265 AC input6 Using voltage programming input – see installation manual for detailsOutline & Connection DrawingsHighlights• Quiet temperature controlled fan • Low cost • Low profile• Wide operating temperature range • Active power factor correction • Input transient protected IEC61000-4• Medical approvals (IEC60601-1)FeaturesBenefits1 Not available on 3.3 V & 5 V SWS1000L modelsInput SpecificationsN E WInput Specifications ContinuationOutput Specifications2 115 / 230 V AC3 Peak current and power available at 170 – 265 V AC input, 10 sec. max. 35 % duty cycleOutline DrawingsHighlights• Reinforced isolation for IEC60601-1• L ow earth leakage and class B EMC • Medical approval • High efficiency• H igh power density (9.3 W/in 3)• Up to 3 outputs • No minimum load • Fits 1 U applications • 3 years warranty• T emperature controlled fan option • Low profile• Minimises heat in system • Less spaceQuick Selectorpreferred configurationsAbove units available on rapid delivery. Additional variants available “Build to Order” – see below.Available OutputsNotes:1 Follow letters in red by “Y“ for negative output channel 3.2 Follow letters in red by “P“ for positive output channel 4.3 12 – 12.5 V if 24 V channel 3 fitted.4 14.5 – 15 V if 24 V channel 3 fitted. 5 24 – 26 V if 24 V channel 3 fitted.6 1.5 A max. if fitted with “-F“ option.Input SpecificationsHow to create a Product CodeConfirm availability of created product code with the factory. Output SpecificationsIsolationEnvironmentEmissions EN61000-6-3: 2001Safety Approvals* CB certificate and report available on request.Check with factory for status of approvals.Immunity EN61000-6-2: 2001Outline & Connection DrawingsHighlights• High efficiency• High power density (up to 19 W/in 3)• High peak power rating • Up to 8 outputs (6 for NV-350)• No minimum load • Fits 1 U applications • Medical approval • 3 years warrantyInput SpecificationsDual Output ModulesNotes 1 derate linearly from 13 A at 12.5 V to 10 A at 15.5 V 2 derate linearly from 7 A at 25 V to 6 A at 28 V 3 Only one per power supplySingle Output ModulesNotes 4 f or NV3 – derate linearly from 40 A at 5.2 V to 36 A at 5.5 V for NV7 – derate linearly from 40 A at 5 V to 36 A at 5.5 V5 derate linearly from 22.5 A at 8 V to 20 A at 9 V6 f or NV3 – derate linearly from 20 A at 13.2 V to 16.5 A at 15.5 Vfor NV7 – derate linearly from 20 A at 12.5 V to 15.5 A at 15.5 V 7 f or NV3 – derate linearly from 10 A at 25.7 V to 8.5 A at 28 Vfor NV7 – derate linearly from 10 A at 24 V to 8.5 A at 28 V 8 f or NV3, 400 W max (to be confirmed)for NV7, 600 W peak for up to 10 sec, 450 W average9 for NV7 only, 1200 W peak for up to 10 sec, 900 W averageThe extensive range of output modules and options make it possible to achieve almost any combination of Volts and Amps.You can create your own NV-350 or NV-700 configu-ration online at . This method checks your configuration and offers the optimum solution. Alternatively, you can do this manually by using the guide below.1. C alculate total output power to ensure power require-ments are within 350 W or 1150 W, then select required Cooling, Connection and Controls/Signals from thetable above.2. S elect Output Modules from the Module Tables belowensuring that no more that 6 slots (NV-350) or 8 slots (NV-700) in total are used. Example – if you require 13 V 20 A:a) s elect B as closest match for voltage & currentand prefix with voltage eg. 13BHb) repeat for other outputsThis will create a complete product descriptioneg. NV3SSSES5V 13BH 12/15DB which representsa three output NV-350 with Forward air cooling,Screw input terminals, standard leakage filter, ac good, PSU enable & 5 V / 2 A aux supplyOutput 1 = 13 V / 20 AOutput 2 = 12 V / 13 A with screw terminalsOutput 3 = 15 V / 4 A with screw terminalsMax. 350 W continuous output power3. C ontact TDK-Lambda to validate configuration andissue a part number.NV-350 / NV-700 ConfiguringOutput Power1 350 W average2 450 W average3 600 W average4 700 W average5 1150 W average6 250 W for reverse air7 not for reverse air OutputSignals – StandardAll signals referenced to 0 V of channelGlobal Interface Signals with Primary OptionIsolationEmissions EN61000-6-3: 2001, EN60601-1-2: 2001Immunity EN61000-6-2: 2005, EN60601-1-2: 2001Environment1 45 °C for NV7 with input voltage below 100 V AC.Safety ApprovalsPrimary Option 1 +V Standby 2 0 V Standby3 EN/ES & IN/IS Logic 14 EN/ES & IN/IS Logic 05 Global Module Good Collector6 Global Module Good Emitter7 AC good Collector8 AC good EmitterHousing: Molex 51110-0860Crimp pin: 50394Hand crimp tool: 69008-0959DA Module1 +12 V (channel 1)2 +12 V (channel 1)3 +12 V (channel 1)4 0 V (common ch1 / ch2)5 0 V (common ch1 / ch2)6 0 V (common ch1 / ch2)7 –12 V (channel 2)8 –12 V (channel 2)Outside of ChassisOptionEnd ViewPrimary Option / DA ModuleOutput ConnectionsOutline & Connection DrawingsHighlights• Industry leading power density• 1 to 11 outputs• Voltages from 1.8 to 56 V• Current up to 60 A• Screw connection• Worldwide approvals & CB report• Medical approval optionInput SpecificationsOutput SpecificationsNotes 1: shutdown temp varies according to ambient, output power & input V 2: AC fail signal (if fitted) provides 5 ms warning of thermal shutdownOutput Voltages (Single Modules)Output Voltages (Twin Modules) – all 1 Slot WidthOutput Voltages (Single Modules)Twin Output ModulesIsolation/InsulationEnvironmentImmunity BS EN61000-6-2: 2001(Industrial Environment)** Also complies with BS EN61000-6-1: 2001.Emissions BS EN61000-6-3: 2001(Residential, Commercial & Light Industrial Supply)** Also complies with BS EN61000-6-4: 2001.Safety Approvals* C B certificate and report available on request. 1 Only for “L” type leakage variants.Check with Technical Sales for status of approvals.The extensive range of output modules and options make it possible to achieve all popular combinations of Volts and Amps. The “online” configurator is the best way to achieve the optimum configuration, however you can also create your own VEGA configuration from this datasheet by using the guide below.Web Configurator1. Visit the TDK-Lambda website, select “VEGA Configurator” and follow the online instructions.2. Enter your required Volts / Amps, and any additional functions (if required)3. E nter preferred type of cooling, input connection, lower leakage current (if required)and controls & signal functions (if required)4. C onfigurator will select the most suitable modules and options and give a unique part number.Configuring from Datasheet1. C alculate total output power to determine VEGA 550 W (560 W at 150 V AC and above) or 750 W (900 W at 150 V ACand above) and select converter, then select required cooling, connection, leakage current and controls/signals from the table above.2. Select Output Modules and Options from the available Output Voltages Tables.E xample – if you require 5 V / 18 A with output inhibit:a) select 5L1S as closest match for voltage and currentb) add suffix N for output inhibit eg 5L1SNc) repeat for other outputsEnsure you do not select more than a total of 5 slots width of module.This will create a complete product description eg:V5FSSF 5L1S 12/12H3/3S 24C5S which represents a four output 550 W VEGA with Forward air,Screw input terminals, 1.5 mA Earth Leakage, AC Fail, Global Inhibit & 5 V / 100 mA aux supply.Output 1 = 5 V / 35 A with output inhibit, Module Good and Current Share optionOutput 2 = 12 V / 10 AOutput 3 = 12 V / 6 AOutput 4 = 24 V / 10 A3. Contact TDK-Lambda to validate configuration and issue a part number.Outline & Connection Drawings• Industry leading power density • Up to 11 outputs• V oltages up to 62 V Array• C urrent up to 114 A• Screw, fast-on or IEC connection • Worldwide approvals & CB report• Medical approval option• 3 years warranty• AC or DC input versionsInput SpecificationsOutput SpecificationsNotes: 1. shutdown temp varies according to ambient, output power & input V 2. AC fail signal (if fitted) provides 5 ms warning of thermal shutdownOutput Specifications ContinuationOutput Voltagesa) F1, F2 and W2 modulesnot for VEGA 900b) 38 V max. for 900 Wc) O nly availablefor VEGA 900d) 5.1 V max. for 900 We) 3.4 V max. for 900 Wf) 8 V max. for 900 Wg) 15 V max. for 900 Wh) 28 V max. for 900 Wi) 18 V max. for 900 Wj) 30 V max. for 900 Wk) 7.5 V max. for 900 Wl) 12.5 V max. for 900 Wm) 19 V max. for 900 Wn) 3.4 V max. for 900 Wo) “N” option not availablep) 24 V max. for 900 Wq) 40 V max. for 900 Wr) 60 V max. for 900 Ws) 36 V max. for 900 Wt) 52 V max. for 900 Wu) 15.5 V max. for 900 W* see configuring guideIsolation/InsulationEnvironmentSafety Approvals* CB certificate and report available on request. 1 Only for L, R and T leakage variants. Not applicable to VEGA DC.Check with Technical Sales for status of approvals.Immunity BS EN61000-6-2: 2001Industrial Environment**also complies with BS EN61000-6-1: 2001Emissions BS EN61000-6-3: 2001Residential, Commercial & Light Industrial Supply**also complies with BS EN61000-6-4: 2001The extensive range of output modules and options make it possible to achieve almost any combination of Volts and Amps. The “online” configurator is the best way to achieve the optimum configuration, however you can also create your own VEGA configuration from this datasheet by using the guide below.Web Configurator1. Visit the TDK-Lambda website, select “VEGA Configurator” and follow the online instructions.2. Enter your required Volts / Amps, type of output connection and any additional functions (if required).3. E nter preferred type of cooling, input connection, lower leakage current (if required)and controls & signal functions (if required).4. Configurator will select the most suitable modules and options and give a unique part number.Notes: a) Not available for VEGA 900. b) Thermocoupled sample recommended to ensure adequate cooling – consult sales. c) xFW and xEW options increase leakage current by 90 μA. Replace “x” with required output voltage (5FW = 5 V aux supply). d) Not available for VEGA DC.Configuring from Datasheet1. C alculate total output power to determine VEGA 450 W, 650 W or 900 W and select converter, then selectrequired Cooling, Connection, Leakage Current and Controls / Signals from the table above.2. S elect Output Modules and Options from the Output Voltages tables.Example – if you require 5.2 V / 18 A with output inhibit:a) select B1H as closest match for voltage and current and prefix with voltage (eg 5.2B1H)b) add suffix S or F for Screw or Fast-on connection (eg 5.2B1H S)c) add suffix N for output inhibit (eg 5.2B1HS N)d) repeat for other outputsEnsure you do not select more than a total of 5 slots width of module. This will create a complete product description eg:V6FSSF 5L1S 12/12H3/3S 24C5S which represents a four output 650 W VEGA with Forward air, Screw input terminals, 1.5 mA Earth Leakage, AC Fail, Global Inhibit & 5 V / 100 mA aux supply with the following outputs:Output 1 = 5 V / 35 A with output inhibit, Module Good and Current Share optionOutput 2 = 12 V / 10 AOutput 3 = 12 V / 6 AOutput 4 = 24 V / 10 A3. Contact TDK-Lambda to validate configuration and issue a part number.Outline & Connection DrawingsHighlights• 1 to 16 outputs• Standard or configurable• No minimum load• Rapid connection• Wide range input• EN61000-3-2 compliant• Class B conducted Input SpecificationsOutput SpecificationsGeneralEnvironmentStandard Electrical Specification – Standard Models* Modules in parallel.** Total output power must not exceed: 1000 W for ALPHA 1000.See next section for information on 1500 W models.Configured ModelsTo meet your requirements it is possible to configure an ALPHA power supply using any of the standard ALPHA models and converters. 1500 W (CA1500) models can accommodate up to 8 slots and 1000 W (CA1000) models up to 7 slots. To ensure ALPHA meets your exact requirements please contact Technical Sales or visit our Website.* R emote sense not available on twin output modules (E, H and P).Note: 1. Derate 0.25 V / A above 40 V.OptionsOutline & Connection Drawings41Innovating Reliable Power 42“Power supply” to us is more than just an electronic device. It is the fundamental basis of the safety and reliability of our customers’ products. This is why we support you with everything from design, EMC stan-dards and safety certification to serial production, so that we are confident of offering you the best possible solution in every aspect.More detailed information:Visit our website and discoverthe many possibilities offered by TDK-Lambda. Browse throughthe latest product highlights and download our catalogues and documentations.43Innovating Reliable Power。
TERMS USED IN THE TABLESON PAGES 26 TO 31GENERAL SPECIFICATIONSUSED PRICESAirplane and some helicopter selling prices are based on the latest available edition of the Aircraft Bluebook Price Digest. Additional helicopter pricing data isfrom HeliValues.TYPICAL CREW/PASSENGER SEATINGThis is the typical crew and passenger seating on the aircraft, not the maximum certified seats. These numbers mayvary for different operations (corporate, commercial, EMS, etc.). Maximum number of passengers are as certified.CABIN DIMENSIONSCabin height, width and length are based on a completed interior. On “cabin-class”aircraft, the length is measured from the cockpit divider to the aft pressure bulkhead (or aft cabin bulkhead, if unpressurized). For small-cabin aircraft, the distance is from the cockpit firewall to the aft bulkhead. Height and width are the maximum within that cabin space.Cabin volume is the interior volume,with headliner in place, without chairsor other furnishings.WEIGHTSMaximum takeoff weight is specified during aircraft certification.Fuel capacity is in gallons based on6.7 pounds per gallon (jet fuel). Maximum payload with full fuel is the useful load minus the usable fuel. The useful load is based on the maximum ramp weight minus the basic operating weight.PRODUCTION STARTED/ENDEDYear of the first delivery to the yearof the last serial number delivery.NUMBER BUILTTotal number produced, which may include converted aircraft.PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS JET and TURBOPROP RANGEThe maximum IFR range with all passenger seats occupied. This uses the NBAA IFR alternate fuel reserve calculation for a 200-nm alternate. HELICOPTER RANGEThe maximum VFR range of the aircraft with all passenger seats occupied. This is used for all helicopters.CRUISE SPEEDMax (ktas) is the maximum cruise speed at maximum continuous power. This is also commonly referred to as high-speed cruise.Normal cruise speed is the recommended cruise speed established by themanufacturer. This speed may be the same as maximum cruise speed.SERVICE CEILINGFor airplanes, this is the highest altitude at which a 100-fpm rate of climb is possible at maximum takeoff weight with all engines running. For helicopters, this is the maximum certified altitude for operation.BALANCED FIELD LENGTH (BFL) – AIRPLANES ONLYBFL is the distance obtainedby–determining the decision speed (V 1) at which the takeoff distance and the accelerate-stop distance are equal(multi-engine aircraft only). This is based on four passengers and maximum fuel on board (turbine aircraft). BFL is based on a dry level runway, no wind, NBAA IFR reserves and 86 degrees NDING DISTANCE–AIRPLANES ONLY This is computed using the landing distance from 50 or 35 feet above the ground (depends on certification criteria) multiplied by 1.667. No credit is given for thrust reversers. Configuration is with four passengers and NBAA IFR fuel reserve on board.*Notes:1. All personal very light jets have one engine. All other jets listed have two engines.2. All personal very light jets, compact very light jets and other jets marked with an asterisk (*) are approved or planned to be approved for operation by one pilot. The maximum passenger seating of these aircraft there-fore includes one passenger in the right seat in the cockpit. Seating for all other aircraft assumes a two-pilot crew and maximum “typical” executive seating. In corporate shuttle configurations, the Airbus and Boeing bizliners may be configured with many more seats than indicated in the table.3. The cabin volumes of the personal and compact very light jets include the cockpit, because their small sizes preclude having a fixed divider between cockpit and cabin.4.Aircraft are listed in order of cabin volume first, followed by maximum takeoff weight, if cabin volumes are equal.5. By convention only, very light jets have maximum takeoff weights under 10,000 pounds.6. By FAA certification rules, all airplanes with maximum takeoff weights above 12,500 pounds are considered “heavy airplanes” and must be certified to stricter FAR Part 25 air transport category rules. Airplanes weigh-ing less than 12,500 pounds are considered “light airplanes” and may be certified under less-stringent FAR Part 23 rules, though by manufacturer choice some are certified to Part 25. With FAA approval, a company may apply to certify a multi-engine airplane weighing up to 19,000 pounds using Part 23 commuter catego-ry rules. The Emivest SJ30 and Hawker Beechcraft Premier II fall into this group.THE CESSNA MUSTANG, WHICH HAS A 210-CUBIC-FOOT CABIN, IS ASSIGNED TO THE “COMPACT VERY LIGHT JETS” CATEGORY.。
FeaturesRegulated Converter• Long 5 year warranty • 2MOPP/250VAC• Suitable for built in Class II applications • Wide input voltage range (85-264VAC)• Low leakage current (<75µA)• 5000m operation• -40°C to +85°C operating temperatureDescriptionThe RACM40 is a compact 3” x 2” high efficiency AC/DC power supply with 2xMOPP safety approval for medical applications. These space saving enclosed power supplies have an universal input voltage range (85-264VAC), 4kVAC isolation, require no minimum load and can be used at ambient temperatures of between -40°C and +85°C. The 5V, 12V, 15V, 24V or 48V output voltages are fully protected and have tolerances of less than ±0.2% over the entire input voltage range and less than ±0.5% over the entire load range. The output voltage can be trimmed over a ±10% range. The RACM40 series is certified to medical safety standard IEC/ES/EN-60601-1 3rd Edition and with less than 75µA leakage current. It has a built-in Class B EMIfilter and comes with a 5 year warranty.RACM40AC/DC Converter40 Watt Enclosed &Open Frame Case StyleSingle Output2MOPP250VACE314885Connections (3) Case Style (2)Output Power Output VoltageS ingle Model NumberingRACM40- __ S / __-__Examples:RACM40-12S = 12Vout, standard enclosed case RACM40-48S/OF = 48Vout, open frame styleRACM40-15S/OF-ST = 15Vout, open frame style with screw terminal connectionNotes:Note2: Case Style: without suffix, standard enclosed caseadd suffix “/OF” for open frame styleNote3: Connections: without suffix, standard connection with connectorwith suffix “-ST” connection with screw terminalsSelection GuidePart Input Output Output Efficiency Max. Capacitive Number Voltage Range Voltage Current typ. Load (1)[VAC] [VDC] [A] [%] [µF]RACM40-05S (1,2) 85-264 5 8.0 90 16000RACM40-12S (1,2) 85-264 12 3.34 92 2785RACM40-15S (1,2) 85-264 15 2.67 92 1780RACM40-24S (1,2) 85-264 24 1.67 92 700RACM40-48S (1,2)85-264 48 0.84 93175Notes:Note1: Max Cap Load is tested at minimum input and full resistive loadCSA/CAN-C22.2 No 60601-1:14 certified ANSI/AAMI ES60601-1 certified EN60601-1-2 CISPR11FCC Part 15 & 18Specifications (measured at Ta= 25°C, 250VAC, full load and after warm-up)Specifications (measured at Ta= 25°C, 250VAC, full load and after warm-up)PROTECTIONSParameter Condition ValueInput Fuse internal lineneutralT3.15A / 250VAC, slow blow typeT3.15A / 250VAC, slow blow typeShort Circuit Protection (SCP)continuous, auto-recovery Over Load Protection (OLP)% of Iout rated (Hiccup)145% typ. Over Voltage Protection (OVP)% of Vout nominal (Latch off)125% min / 140% max.Isolation Voltage (5)tested for 1 minuteI/P to O/PI/P to Case, O/P to Case4kVAC2.5kVACIsolation Resistance500VDC100M W min. Insulation Grade reinforced Leakage Current264VAC75µA max. Means of Protection working voltage 250VAC/continuous2MOPP Medical Device Classification built-in power supplyInternalclearancecreepage>8.0mm>8.0mm Notes:Specifications (measured at Ta= 25°C, 250VAC, full load and after warm-up)ENVIRONMENTALParameterConditionValueOperating Temperature Range refer to derating graph-40°C to +85°CTemperature Coefficient ±0.02%/K Operating Altitude 5000m max.Operating Humidity non-condensing5% to 95% RHPollution Degree PD2Shock according to IEC60068-2-27Vibration according to IEC60068-2-6MTBFaccording to MIL-HDBK-217F, full load, +25°C3010 x 103 hoursRACM40-05,12,48S(/OF)RACM40-15,24S(/OF)Derating Graph(@ natural convection 0.1m/s)-40-20020407060-30-10103050809085110100100806040907050302010O u t p u t L o a d [%]Ambient Temperature [°C]-40-20020407060-30-10103050809085110100100806040907050302010O u t p u t L o a d [%]Ambient Temperature [°C]75SAFETY AND CERTIFICATIONSCertificate Type (Safety)Report / File Num berStandard Medical Electric Equipment, General Requirements for Safety and Essential Performance E314885CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60601-1:14ANSI/AAMI ES60601-1:2005 + A2:2010Medical Electric Equipment, General Requirements for Safety and Essential Performance (CB Scheme)151101302IEC60601-1:2005 + C2:2007, 3rd EditionEN60601-1:2006Information Technology Equipment - General Requirements for Safety (LVD)TW1708008-001EN60950-1:2006 + A2:2013Information Technology Equipment - General Requirements for Safety IEC60950-1:2005, 2nd Edition + A2:2013EAC RU-AT.49.09571TP TC 004/2011 TP TC 004/2011RoHS2+RoHS-2011/65/EU + AM-2015/863EMC Compliance (Medical)Conditions Standard / CriterionMedical electrical equipment - Part 1-2: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance - Collateral standard: Electromagnetic compatibility - Requirements and tests EN60601-1-2:2015Industrial, scientific and medical equipment - Radio frequency disturbance characteritics - Limits and methods of measurementCISPR11:2009 + A1:2010, Class BSpecifications (measured at Ta= 25°C, 250VAC, full load and after warm-up)EMC Compliance (Medical)Conditions Standard / Criterion ESD Electrostatic discharge immunity test Air ±15kV; Contact ±8kV IEC61000-4-2:2008Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test 20V/m (80-2700MHz)27V/m (385MHz)28V/m (450MHz)IEC61000-4-3:2006 + A2:2010Fast Transient and Burst Immunity AC Power Port: ±2kV IEC61000-4-4:2012Surge Immunity AC Port:L-N= ±1kVL-GND= ±2kVIEC61000-4-5:2014Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields20Vr.m.s IEC61000-4-6:2013 Power Frequency Magnetic Field50Hz, 30A/m IEC61000-4-8:2009Voltage Dips and Interruptions Dips: >95%; 30%;Interruptions >95%IEC61000-4-11:2004Limits of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker EN61000-3-3:2013 Limitations on the amount of electromagnetic intererence allowed from digital & electronic devices47CFR FCC Part 15 Subpart B, Class B Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions from Low-Voltage Electrical andElectronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHzANSI C63.4:2014 FCC methods of measurement of radio noise emissions from industrial, scientific, andmedical equipmentFCC OST/MP-5 EMC Compliance (Industrial)Conditions Standard / Criterion Electromagnetic compatibility of multimedia equipment – Emission Requirements EN55032:2015+AC:2013, Class B Information technology equipment - Immunity characteristics - Limits and methods ofmeasurementEN55024:2010+A1:2015 ESD Electrostatic discharge immunity test Air ±15kV; Contact ±6kV IEC61000-4-2:2008, Criteria ARadiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test 10V/m (80-1000MHz)20V/m (80-1000MHz)IEC61000-4-3:2006 + A2:2010, Criteria AFast Transient and Burst Immunity AC Power Port: ±4kV IEC61000-4-4:2012, Criteria ASurge Immunity AC Port:L-N= ±2kVL-PE= ±4kVIEC61000-4-5:2014, Criteria AImmunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields AC Power Port 10V, 20V IEC61000-4-6:2013, Criteria APower Frequency Magnetic Field 50Hz/60Hz, 100A/m,1000A/mIEC61000-4-8:2009, Criteria AVoltage Dips and Interruptions Dips: >95%; 60%; 30%Interruptions >95%IEC61000-4-11:2004, Criteria AIEC61000-4-11:2004, Criteria BDamped oscillatory wave immunity test AC Port:L-N= ±1kVL/N-G= ±2.5kVI EC61000-4-18:2006 + A1:2010, Criteria ALimits of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker EN61000-3-3:2013DIMENSION and PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICSParameter Type ValueMaterial enclosed casePCBaluminumFR4, (UL94V-0)Dimension (LxWxH)enclosed caseopen frame91.4 x 60.5 x 33.3mm76.2 x 50.8 x 26.5mmWeightenclosed caseopen frame + “-ST” version172g137gSpecifications (measured at Ta= 25°C, 250VAC, full load and after warm-up)Specifications (measured at Ta= 25°C, 250VAC, full load and after warm-up)Specifications (measured at Ta= 25°C, 250VAC, full load and after warm-up)The product information and specifications may be subject to changes even without prior written notice.The product has been designed for various applications; its suitability lies in the responsibility of each customer. The products are not authorized for use in safety-critical applications without RECOM’s explicit written consent. A safety-critical application is an application where a failure may reasonably be expected to endanger or cause PACKAGING INFORMATIONParameterTypeValuePackaging Dimension (LxWxH) cardboard boxenclosed case 120.0 x 80.0 x 85.0mm open frame111.0 x 94.0 x 51.0mmPackaging Quantity 1pcsStorage Temperature Range -40°C to +85°C Storage Humiditynon-condensing5% to 95% RH。
文档类别技术文档
撰写日期2009年8月
涉及产品Pavilion & Presario 家用电脑
HP2009f液显故障总结
2009f这款保三年的显示器推出也有一年多了,接到过用户的各种报修,现在将其中一些比较特别的问题解决归纳了一下
1、显示器出现los锁住,按键无法使用,这是显示器按键
锁住,需要解锁,长按menu键,等屏幕出现菜单即可解开(大约20秒左右),如不行,就先关掉电源,再按住menu键不放,然后开机,等菜单出现,再放开menu键。
2、显示器出现按电源开关无法关机,提示电源锁住,这
是显示器电源开关键锁住,解锁方法为,长按电源键不放,等显示器关闭后(大约20秒左右),就解开了,再开关机测试就正常了,如不行,先拨掉电源,按住电源键不放通电,等显示器自动关后,再开关机就正常了
3、显示器关机关电源后,下次一通电显示器自动通电打
开,恢复出厂无效。
这时更改下显示器里的设置即可,方法是:打开菜单->管理->开机复位,把这项关闭后,就正常了。
显示器关机断电后,下次通电后,出现显示器电源间歇性灯闪烁,这也是开机复位项打开了,关闭后
测试正常。
John Crane’s Metastream T Series couplings incorporate scalloped, stainless-steel, flexible membranes. This design gives the most flexible solution for high-torque and misalignment conditions. This range ofcouplings has been specifically designed to meet the exacting standards of API 610 (ISO 13709), ISO 14691 and API 671 (ISO 10441), with exceptions.The coupling is available as a cartridge design to maximize reliability, and increase ease of installation on site. This concept ensures the high level of integral balance is maintained when the coupling is installed.The T Series range incorporates many features listed as standard to ensure safe and trouble-free operation. This gives the user that fit-and-forget reliability expected of all John Crane’s Metastream couplings.• Easy to fit• M eets API 610 (ISO 13709) and ISO 14691. Can be supplied to API 671 (ISO 10441), with exceptions.• Intrinsic balance exceeds AGMA class 9• I deally suited to pump applications; electric motor and turbine drives in critical process industry; marine and power generation applications • Coated carbon steel for corrosion protection • Choice of hub configuration to suit shaft diameters • ATEX compliant• Coupling constructions available for -55°C to 150°CDesign Features• F it and forget - Designed for infinite life and, with correct machinery alignment, will often outlast the machines it connects• O verload protection - Fitted with overload collars to prevent flexible membrane rupture in the event of severe torsional overload• A nti-fly retention - Specifically designed anti-fly guard rings to ensure safe operation, even in the unlikely event of flexible membrane and bolt failure• L ow imposed loads - Designed to optimize torque capability while minimizing reaction forces due to misalignment, thus maximizing the life of the machines connected• Z ero maintenance - Requires no lubrication or routine maintenance • S tandard features:–API 610 compliant puller holes –Self-locking features ensure hub boltsremain in place under all vibration conditions–Compression bolt features ease installationand removal of transmission unit•N o backlash - Torsionally stiff design ensures there is zero backlash, making coupling ideal for drives where constant speed is crucialA – S tainless steelflexible membranes B – O verload collars C – C artridgetransmission unit D – Anti-fly feature E – A nti-corrosiontreatment F – H ubs with APIpuller holes G – R obust hub bolt H – L arge shaftdiameters accommodated I – S elf-lockingthreadJ – C ompressionbolt featureTSK Dimensional Data (Millimeters)Notes:1. Maximum bores shown are based on standard BS/AGMA rectangular/square keys. Unless otherwise specified, parallel bores will be machined to an IT 7 tolerance, with Js9 key-ways to DIN 6885, BS 4235 or BS 46 Pt1 (in.).2. These DBSE sizes are more readily available. Other lengths to suit specific shaft separations are available on request.3. The coupling sizes shaded are non-preferred, and TLK couplings should be selected whenever possible.4. Dimensions should not be used for construction. Certified dimensions furnished upon request.Note:1. Coupling size 0014 is a 4-link coupling with coupling designation TDKS-0014.2. For complete coupling weight, weights of two appropriate hubs plus a transmission unit are required.3. Hubs will be supplied unbored, unless specified. Contact your local sales office regarding standard bore and keyway tolerances.4. Coupling sizes shaded are non-preferred, and TLK coupling should be selected whenever possible.TSK Typical ArrangementStandard Hub Large HubExtended HubABCGHGDJEFAvailable Options1. Select appropriate service factor (SF) from table below.2. Calculate the coupling rating (R) from:R = kW x 1,000 x SFNWhere:kW = rated power for drive equipment (kW)N = speed (rpm)3. Select a coupling with the same or higher rating.4. Check the hub bore capacity is suitable. If not, select a large hub or a larger size coupling.5. Check peak torque capability is suitable for application.6. Check speed capability is suitable.7. Check whether additional dynamic balancing is required.8. Specify distance between shaft ends (DBSE).Example:900 kW electric motor connected to a centrifugal pump at 1,500 rpm with a 180 mm DBSE SF = 1.0R = 900 x 1,000 x 1.0 1500R = 600 kW per 1,000 rpmSelection: TLKS – 0750Standard hub bore up to 110 mm Large hub bore up to 148 mm Peak torque capability – 14 kNmAdditional balancing should not be required.• S park-resistant couplings for hazardous zone operation• S pecial materials for low-temperature applications and/or higher corrosion resistance • E lectrical insulation • A djustable shims for taper shafts • A xially rigid construction • T orque limiting and shear pin designsConsult John Crane for any other special requirements. John Crane couplings can be adapted to suit virtually all power transmission coupling needs.Suggested service factors for electric motor, steam turbine and gas turbinedrivers are given below.* U se a minimum service factor of 1.25 on electric motor drives through a gearbox.*Use a minimum service factor of 1.75 on electric motor drives with VFD coupled to high inertia driven machines.The examples given are for typical machines and are empirically basedguidelines. Knowledge of actual torque characteristics may indicate a different service factor. Consult John Crane for advice.Kselect is an internet-based selection program for the TSK/TLK.This selection program provides all necessary technical data, including inertias and torsional stiffness.Visit to access this program.Max Speed(1) Weight – Transmission Unit(1)(2) Weight - Unbored Hub Coupling SizeRating Max.Continuous Torque Peak Overload Torque Standard Hub Large Hub Abs. MinimumDBSEPer meter extra DBSE Standard (3) Large Balanced Unbalanced Unbalanced kW/1,000rpmkNmkNmrpm rpmrpmkgkgkgkg0300300 2.9 5.715,3005,70011,3008.616.2819.10500500 4.89.612,8005,00010,10013.621.713.730.907507507.21411,3004,6009,00019.527.219.341.810501,0501020.110,1004,2009,00027.93431.141.815001,5001428.79,0003,9008,20037.541.842.253.720002,0001938.28,2003,7007,40049495470.926002,6002549.77,4003,400—666071—33503,3503264.06,9003,200—8068101—42504,2504181.26,3003,000—10581135—60106,010571155,6002,850—147101189—85008,500811625,0002,500—212132269—901313,0001242484,2002,200—340169406—901717,0001623253,8002,050—454203709—902121,0002014013,6001,950—547234873—903636,0003446883,0501,750—8673281,423—904949,0004689362,8001,600—1,1534031,934—Notes:1. For a complete coupling, weights of two appropriate hubs plus a transmission unit are required.2. Hubs will be supplied unbored unless specified. Contact your local sales office regarding standard bore and keyway tolerances.3. Additional weight of extended guard ring is included.(1) C (Max)(1) F (Max)GHJ(2) K - DBSELCoupling SizeABRect. Key (BS 4235)Sq. Key (AGMAB04)DERect. Key (BS 4235)Sq. Key (AGMAB04)Min. mm7 in.180 mm 250 mmPreferred Absolute 140 mm300155116827610614311010220916184130117X X X X 11050018514310095127167134127235187100148130—X X X 134750209161110102143185148139262208110169146—X X X 1481050235187134127167185148139262208134183161—X X X 1481500262208148139185200161152288225148207179———X 1612000288225161152200229184172318255161229197———X 1662600318255184172229———166241210———X —3350342286212197257———191255221———X —4250371315235219285———212273244———X —6010417354260242320———234303269—————8500465402290280365———261345311—————9013529464330318424———297381346—————9017611546420381503———378422387—————9021653588446419538———401457416—————9036761696520483632———468533496—————9049834769580546695———522587552—————Notes:1. Maximum bores shown are based on standard BS/AGMA rectangular/square keys. Unless otherwise specified, parallel bores will be machined to an IT 7 tolerance, with Js9 key-ways to DIN 6885, BS 4235 or BS 46 Pt1 (in.).2. These DBSE sizes are more readily available. Other lengths to suit specific shaft separations are available on request.3. Dimensions should not be used for construction. Certified dimensions furnished upon request.HUB HUBBalance ConditionThese couplings are designed with a high inherent balance, due to the precision of the manufacturing process. It is important that all parts are carefully stored and fitted to maintain this integrity.The inherent balance of the T Series meets AGMA standard 9000-D11 class 9. The adjacent chart relates the T series rating to operating speeds on the basis of the AGMA class 9 characteristic to provide a general guide to determine if dynamic balance improvement is necessary.When balancing improvement is requested, John Crane will dynamically balance the transmission unit. Hubs may also be dynamically balanced, and this will be carried out after machining the bore but before cutting single keyways.Correct alignment of shafts is essential for reliable machinery performance.The angular and axial restoring forces in the table below are given at maximum deflections. The chart can be used to determine forces across the full deflection range. The nonlinear characteristics of axial stiffnesscan dampen a system to prevent high-amplitude axial vibration.Notes:1. Meets NEMA end float specification without modification.2. Maximum angular misalignment will reduce with rotational velocity in excess of 3600 rpm (only on sizes 0500 to 1400).3. Maximum angular misalignment will be 50% at the maximum axial, and vice-versa.4. V alues based on preferred min DBSE and maximum angular misalignment. Greeter parallel offset is achievable by increasing the DBSE.5. The coupling sizes shaded are non-preferred, and TLK couplings should be selected whenever possible.If the products featured will be used in a potentially dangerous and/or hazardous process, your John Crane representative should be consulted prior to their selection and use. In the interest of continuous development, John Crane Companies reserve the right to alter designs and specifications without prior notice. It is dangerous to smoke while handling products made from PTFE. Old and new PTFE products must not be incinerated. ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 Certified, details available on request.©2020 John Crane Revised 3/20 TD-TSK/TLKEuropeUnited Kingdom Tel: 44-1753-224000 Fax: 44-1753-224224North AmericaUnited States of America Tel: 1-847-967-2400 Fax: 1-847-967-3915Latin America BrazilTel: 55-11-3371-2500 Fax: 55-11-3371-2599Middle East & Africa United Arab Emirates Tel: 971-481-27800 Fax: 971-488-62830Asia Pacific SingaporeTel: 65-6518-1800 Fax: 65-6518-1803。
特点:�宽输入电压范围4.5V-40V� 3.3V,5V,12V,ADJ版本�输出可调范围1.23V-37V�最大占空比100%�最小饱和压降1.5V�150KHz固定开关频率�恒定2A电流输出能力�内部优化功率管设计�高效益�极好的线性输出且负载可调�TTL关断能力�内建频率补偿,软启动功能,热关断功能,限流功能短路保护功能�可选封装形式:SOIC-8应用领域:�手持式DVD �LCD监控器�数码像框�机顶盒�调制解调器�通信/网络设备概述FS2009是一个150KHz固定频率脉宽调制(降压型)DC/DC转换器。
具有2A负载驱动能力并且效率高,低纹波和极好的线性,负载调节能力好,仅需最少外部元。
可调输出使用简单,内建频率补偿和固定频率震荡器。
脉宽调制控制电路可以线性调节占空比从0到100%。
具有使能功能,内置过流和短路保护功能,当发生过流和短路保护时,FS2009工作频率将从150KHz降到50KHz。
内置频率补偿模块使FS2009外部元件最少。
FS2009是便携式设备最理想的电源。
图1.FS2009封装类型引脚设置图2.FS2009引脚结构(顶视图)表格1引脚描述引脚数引脚名描述1VIN 电压输入引脚,FS2009工作在直流电压4.5V到40V,输入外接适合大的旁路电容到地来消除输入噪声。
2OUTPUT 功率开关输出引脚(SW).输出端是提供功率输出的开关结点。
5-8GND 接地引脚,做版图时必须小心。
此引脚必须放置在硝特基二极管和输出电容到地的外面,来阻止电感电压引起的开关电流毛刺输入到FS2009。
3FB 反馈引脚(FB),通过外部电阻来分割回路,反馈是来检测和调节输出电压,反馈端电压是1.23V。
4EN 使能引脚。
驱动ON/OFF引脚为低电平则开启设备,驱动此引脚为高电平则关断设备。
功能模块图3:FS2009功能块方框图典型应用电路图4.FS2009典型应用电路12V-5V/2A最大额定值(注释1)注释1:工作在列表的最大额定值以上会造成器件永久损坏。
Cadence allegro菜单解释——file已有 320 次阅读2009-8-16 19:17|个人分类:工作|关键词:Cadence allegro file 菜单解释每一款软件几乎都有File菜单,接下来详细解释一下allegro与其他软件不同的菜单。
new新建PCB文件,点new菜单进入对话框后,drawing type里面包含有9个选项,一般我们如果设计PCB就选择默认第一个board即可。
如果我们要建封装库选package symbol即可,其他7个选项一般很少用,大家可以理解字面意思就可以知道什么意思了。
open打开你所要设计的 PCB文件,或者封装库文件。
recent designs打开你所设计的PCB文件,一般是指近期所设计的或者打开过的PCB文件。
save保存save as另存为,重命名。
importimport 菜单包含许多项,下面详细解释一下我们经常用到的命令。
logic 导入网表,详细介绍在allegro基础教程连载已经有介绍,在此不再详细介绍。
artwork 导入从其他PCB文件导出的.art的文件。
一般很少用词命令。
命令IPF和stream 很少用,略。
DXF 导入结构要素图或者其他DXF的文件。
导入方法如下:点import/DXF后,在弹出的对话框选择,在DXF file里选择你要导入的DXF的路径,DXF units 选择MM,然后勾选use default text table和incremental addition,其他默认即可。
再点edit/view layers弹出对话框,勾选select all,DXF layer filter选择all,即为导入所有层的信息,然后在下面的class里选择board geometry,subclass选择assembly_notes,因为一般导入结构要素图都是导入这一层,然后点ok,进入了点import/DXF后弹出的对话框,然后点import即可将结构要素图导入。
FINANCIAL 9 CLASS NOTESFinancial 9 includes the following:I. GOVERNMENTAL ACCOUNTING (PART B)A. Government-wide financial statements are prepared on the accrual basis reflecting theeconomic resources measurement focus.B. Funds have financial statements prepared using their specific accounting method in orderto better demonstrate compliance with government leaders’ decisions (fiscalaccountability) and the extent to which operating objectives have been met (operationalaccountability).integrated approach requires a reconciliation between operational and fiscalC. Theaccountability. The sequence of financial reporting presentation is:1. Governmental entity’s financial statements start with management’s discussionand analysis (MD&A)2. Government-wide financial statements and fund financial statements follow (includinga reconciliation between modified accrual governmental funds and government-wide financials on the accrual basis). Internal Service funds are included with thegovernmental funds (GRASPP) in the reconciliation as Governmental Activities.Enterprise funds are included as Business Type Activities. Fiduciary funds are notincluded in GWFS since they are custodial in nature.3. Notes to the financial statementssupplementary information (RSI) (other than MD&A)4. RequiredD. The financial reporting entity is the primary government entity.E. Special-purpose local governments will be treated as a primary governmental entity ifthey have s eparately e lected leaders, are l egally separate entities and are f iscallyindependent. [SELF]F. Component units do not meet the SELF criteria and may be blended in with the primarygovernment if they are “intertwined” with it. A discrete presentation is required if thecomponent is legally separate but financially accountable to the primary government. Mostcomponent units should use discrete presentation.G. MD&A must be easily readable and analyze material variances.financial statements are presented in net asset format.H. Government-wide(A - L = NA) Net assets consists of three components:1. Invested in capital assets net of accumulated depreciation and related debt2. Restricted net assets (external restrictions)3. Unrestricted net assets (no external restrictions)I. Capitalized assets will include infrastructure-type assets unless the government elects touse the modified approach. The modified approach includes infrastructure data in RSI: 1) acondition assessment of assets, and 2) annual estimate of the amounts required tomaintain the assets.J. Depreciationrequired; however, if the modified approach is used for infrastructureisassets, ordinary expenditures are expensed and additions or improvements arecapitalized.K. Donated artwork and historical treasures should be capitalized at their fair values but capitalization is optional if they will be exhibited, preserved and the proceeds of any salewill be used to acquire other assets for the collection.government-widestatement of activities will include program revenues (SOC) L. Theresulting from exchange-type (charges for s ervices) or non-exchange-type transactionssuch as o perating or c apital grants.M. Fund financial statements require establishing the criteria for major funds. There are two criteria (10% of GRASPP or E and 5% of GRASPP and E) must be met for a fund to beconsidered major. Internal service funds are excluded from major fund consideration.N. Reconciliation between modified accrual governmental funds and government-wide accrual basis financial statements is performed for the Balance Sheet (GALS BARE) and theStatement of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balance (GOES BARE).supplementary information other than MD&A will include budgetary O. Requiredcomparisons of the original and final budgets as well as the actual amounts. Computingvariances is optional.P. Interfund activity may include interfund loans (due to/from), interfund services provided or used, and interfund transfers or reimbursements.Q. Within columns we will eliminate interfund activity and between columns we will not eliminate interfund activity.ORGANIZATIONS IN GENERALII. NOT-FOR-PROFITA. Not-for-profit entities depend significantly on donations or contributions. The accountingrules for these entities come from FASB. These entities include: hospitals, colleges,voluntary health and welfare organizations and other not-for-profit entities.B. All of these entities use accrual accounting.statements include the Statement of Financial Position, Statement financialrequiredC. Theof Activities, Statement of Cash Flows and (for Voluntary Health and Welfareorganizations) Statement Functional Expenses.D. Net assets are comprised of three elements:1. Unrestricted net assets (no external restrictions)2. Temporarily restricted net assets (external restrictions as to time of use ormanner used)3. Permanently restricted net assets (principal cannot be used)E. When a donor-imposed restriction is satisfied, the amount ceases being temporarilyrestricted and is re-classified to unrestricted.F. Program services represent the major or main activities of the organization. Supportservices represent administration-type functions within the organization.G. Combined costs need to be allocated between program and support services using anyreasonable means.thestatement of cash flows most donations are operating activities except for certainH. Inrestricted donations that are financing activities.statement of functional expenses displays three major categories of expenses:I. Theprogram support, fund-raising and administrative-type.J. Contributions count as revenues or other support. Revenues usually reflect ‘exchange-type’ transactions. Other support usually includes donations.K. Unconditional promises (pledges) are recorded as revenues for the portion considered collectible after treating the entity’s estimate of uncollectibility as a contra-asset.Conditional promises are not recognized until the condition has been satisfied.L. Donated services are not recognized unless the donated service is essential and the SOME requirements are met.M. Donated collection items are subject to the same rules as for governments; i.e., capitalize at fair value unless exhibited, preserved and proceeds of any sale will be used to acquireother assets for collection.N. Donated materials to be used will increase assets and support (revenues) at the time of the donation.O. Agency transactions result in an asset and a liability. These amounts are really the property of another party.P. Gifts in kind (non-cash) are accounted for at fair value. The cost of premiums in an exchange transaction is a fund-raising expense.Q. Transfers of assets to a NFP organization or charitable trust that holds contributions for others are treated as “an extension of the equity method of accounting.” If variance poweris present, treat inflows as revenue. If no variance power is present, treat inflows asliabilities. Beneficiaries recognize their rights to assets held by others unless the recipientis explicitly granted variance power.R. Investments in securities are reported at fair value. Gains and losses are reported in the Statement of Activities as increases or decreases in unrestricted net assets unless use isrestricted (by donor).III. SPECIFIC INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS: COLLEGESaccrual basis of accounting.A. CollegesuseB. Tuition revenues are recorded at gross amounts.C. Any price breaks given to students as scholarships or because of any relationship tofaculty/staff are treated both as expenses and revenues.D. The main category of revenue comes from tuition and fees. Non-operating revenuesinclude government aid, government grants, government contracts, private gifts and grants,endowment income. Other operating revenue includes ‘peripheral’ types of revenue (e.g.,bookstore).IV. SPECIFIC INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS: HOSPITALSA. Patient service revenues are recorded at gross amounts.B. Discounts given to third party payers are treated as sales discounts. Patient servicerevenues are recorded gross of these discounts, if any.C. Charitable services (charity care) are not recorded as revenues because there was nointention to collect.D. Other operating revenue includes donated supplies/equipment, cafeteria revenue, parkingfees and gift shop revenue.E. Non-operating revenue includes all unrestricted gifts and donations plus donated services(mnemonic SOME).V. SPECIFIC INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS: VOLUNTARY HEALTH AND WELFARE ORGANIZATIONSA. Most resources to VHWO are donations.accrual accounting.useB. VHWOsrequired to report a statement of functional expenses.C. VHWOsare。