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2020年12月Dec.2020润滑油LUBRICATING OIL第35卷第6期V ol.35,N o.6D O I：10.19532/j. cnki. cn21 -1265/tq. 2020.06.009 文章编号:1002-3119(2020)06-0043-09碳纳米材料在润滑油脂中的应用开发彭春明，张玉娟，张晟卯，杨广彬，宋宁宁,张平余(河南大学纳米材料T程研究中心，河南开封475001 )摘要:纳米材料因在润滑油脂中展现出优越的摩擦学性能引起人们极大的兴趣。
碳纳米材料因其多样且独特的形态和微观结 构，具有物理化学性能独特、热稳定性强和剪切强度低等特点，作为润滑油脂添加剂在高温、长效、环保要求高的润滑环境中具 有不可替代的优势。
文章从碳纳米材料的结构、表面改性、与其他润滑材料复合等方面综述了碳纳米材料作为添加剂在润滑 油脂领域中的性能和机制研究及其应用开发。
关键词:碳纳米材料;添加剂;综述中图分类号:TE624.82 文献标识码:AApplication and Development of Carbon Nanomaterials in Lubricating Oil and GreasePENG Chun - ming, ZHANG Yu - juan, ZHANG Sheng - mao, YANG Guang - bin,SONG Ning-ning，ZHANG Ping-yu(Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials of He^nan University, Kaifeng 475001, China)Abstract ：Nanomaterials are of great interest because of their excellent tribological properties in lubricating oil and grease. Carbon nanomaterials have unique physical and chemical properties, strong thermal stability and low shear strength due to their diverse and unique morphology and microstructure. As lubricant additives, they have irreplaceable advantages in high temperature, long - term and high environmental protection requirements. In this paper, the properties, mechanism and application of carbon nanomaterials as additives in the field of lubricating oil and grease are reviewed from the aspects of structure, surface modification and composite with other lubricating materials.Key words：carbon nanomaterials；additive；review〇引言摩擦磨损是机械运转过程中能量和材料损耗的 主要原因。
/ RENOLIN / RENOLIT / MAINTAINReliability in ExtremesLubricants for Construction2LUBRICANTS. TECHNOLOGY. PEOPLE.We focus consistently on high-quality lubricants3Facts and figuresCompany: FUCHS LUBRICANTS (UK) plc, a company of the FUCHS GroupUK manufacturing site: Hanley, Stoke-on-TrentCertifications: ISO 9001, IATF 16949, EN 9100, ISO 14001, ISO 50001 and OHSAS 18001References: One of the leading lubricants OEM for the German automotive industryFUCHS is a global Group with German roots that has developed, produced and sold lubricants and related specialties for more than 85 years – for virtually all areas of application and sectors. With 58 companies and almost 5,000 employees worldwide, the FUCHS Group is the leading independent supplier of lubricants.Across the UK, a team of more than 300 specialists works to guarantee the satisfaction of our customers. Whatever their requirements, FUCHS has the ideal lubricant for their specific applications and processes. In our technology centre we link interdisciplinary expertise in a quick and efficient way – and work on innovative lubricant solutions to meet the demands of today and tomorrow every single day.In close contact with its customers, FUCHS develops holistic, innovative and custom-made solutions for the most diverse applications. As a lubricant manufacturer, FUCHS stands for performance and sustainability, safety, reliability, efficiency and cost savings. FUCHS represents a promise: technology that pays back.Reliability in ExtremesLubricants for Construction4MAKE SURE OF YOUR SUCCESSThe leading factory-fill manufacturer in Germany.Almost no one understands the technologies of engines, gearboxes and hydraulics better than FUCHS. As the world’s largest independent lubricant manufacturer, we concentrate exclusively on lubricants . This has made us the leading factory fill manufacturer for the German automotive industry. We can always recommend you the best product because we know the technical requirements. For all applications. All the time.All lubricants for construction.Whether grease for bearings in vehicles and machinery, hydraulic oils for all sorts of applications or engine and gear oils for all the vehicles operating on construction sites or quarries – FUCHS is the single source for the best lubricant. Also lubricants, for example, which allow the rationalisation of oil grades if a mixed vehicle fleet isoperated. Regardless of which FUCHS lubricant you choose: It will save you money – every single day.Your advantage: lower operating costs.Lubricants are by no means all the same: The highperformance lubricants from FUCHS offer you ultimate reliability at all temperatures, lower oil consumption,significantly lower fuel consumption and specifically extended service intervals . The advantages are tangible: Whenever engines and gearboxes run freely and more reliably, operating costs are lower if only because they consume less. And just 1% lower fuel consumption means, depending on operating conditions, fuel savings of several hundred Pounds per vehicle and year. Come and see for yourself!5SpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsTITAN CARGO MAXX SAE 5W-30XTLTECHNOLOGY®TITAN CARGO MAXX SAE 10W-40XTLTECHNOLOGY®TITAN CARGO MAXXEngine OilsEngine Oils6SpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsEngine Oils7Engine OilsSpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsEngine Oils8SpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsGear OilsEngine Oils / Gear Oils9SpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsGear Oils10SpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsMultifunctionalSpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsGear OilsGear Oils11Gear Oils MultifunctionalSpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsGear Oils12SpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsSpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsAutomatic Transmission FluidsCentral Transmission Fluids13SpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsTransmission Fluids / Hydraulic OilsRENOLIN|RENOLINHydraulic Oils14RENOLIT GreasesSpecifications Approvals FUCHSRecommendations15Greases RENOLITRENOLITGreasesSpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendations16MAINTAIN SpecialitiesBrake Fluids Specifications Approvals FUCHSRecommendationsMAINTAIN17SpecialitiesMAINTAIN | RENOLIN SpecialitiesAntifreeze / Diesel Additives Specifications Approvals FUCHSRecommendations18Biodegradable LubricantsPLANTOBiodegradable Engine OilSpecificationsApprovalsFUCHSRecommendationsPLANTO Biodegradable LubricantsThe information contained in this product information is based on the experience and know-how of FUCHS SCHMIERSTOFFE GMBH in the development and manufacturing oflubricants and represents the current state-of-the-art. The performance of our products can be influenced by a series of factors, especially the specific use, the method of application, the operational environment, component pre-treatment, possible external contamination, etc. For this reason, universally-valid statements about the function of our products are not possible. The information given in this product information represents general, non-binding guidelines. No warranty expressed or implied is given concerning the properties of the product or its suitability for any given application.We therefore recommend that you consult a FUCHS application engineer to discuss application conditions and the performance criteria of the products before the product is used. It is the responsibility of the user to test the functional suitability of the product and to use it with the corresponding care. Our products undergo continuous improvement. We therefore retain the right to change our product program, the products, and their manufacturing processes as well as all details of our product information sheets at any time and without warning, unless otherwise provided in customer-specific agreements. With the publication of this product information, all previous editions cease to be valid.Any form of reproduction requires express prior written permission from FUCHS LUBRICANTS.© FUCHS FUCHS LUBRICANTS. All rights reserved.For more details on our biodegradable specialities please see the FUCHS PLANTO brochure.FUCHS LUBRICANTS (UK) plc is a member of the Bio-Based & Biodegradable Industries Association (BBIA).19An easy guide to engine oils and their specifications.Engine oilsThere are a wide range of specifications available. The table below shows some of the more widely used and important:Gear oilsA variety of different gear oils which fulfil a range of specifications areavailable. The table (Right ) shows the lubricant types described by the API gear oil specifications.API CLASSIFICATIONSThe American Petroleum Institute (API) has a gear oil classification system which allows categorisation according to application conditions.API gear oil classifications are usedinternationally.Operating ConditionsType of gearboxE1Older diesel engine specification now obsolete.E2Oil for older normally aspirated and turbocharged engines, medium to heavy duty and standard oil drain intervals.E3Heavy duty oil with improved piston cleanliness and borepolishing protection, better dispersancy and improved thermal stability. Recommended for diesel engines meeting Euro I and II emissions operating under harsh conditions and suitable for extended drain.E4Engine oil recommended for highly rated diesel engines meeting Euro I, II, III, IV and V emission requirements. Suitable for certain engines with EGR and SCR NOx reduction systems but not suitable for engines fitted with particulate filters. Capable of extended drain interval subject to manufacturer guidelines.E5Oil with improved properties compared to E3 with furtherimprovements in piston cleanliness, bore polishing, soot handling and turbocharger deposit control.E6Ultra high performance diesel (UHPD), low SAPs engine oilrecommended for engine oils up to and including those meeting Euro VI emission requirements operating under very severe conditions. Suitable for engines fitted with particulate filters, EGR and SCR NOx reduction systems. Significant extended drain interval capability subject to manufacturer guidelines.E7Ultra high performance diesel (UHPD) engine oil for enginesmeeting Euro I, II, III, IV and V emission requirements. Suitable for most engines fitted with EGR and SCR NOx reduction systems but not suitable for engines fitted with particulate filters.E9Ultra high performance diesel (UHPD), mid SAPs engine oilrecommended for engine oils up to and including those meeting Euro VI emission requirements operating under very severe conditions including extended drain. Suitable for engines fitted with particulate filters, EGR and SCR NOx reduction systems.Note. Current ACEA categories are E4, E6, E7 and E9.CE Diesel engine oil for older high speed, four stroke, naturally aspirated and turbocharged diesel engines.CFHeavy duty diesel engine oil especially designed for indirect fuel injection but can also be used in other diesel engines. Suitable for fuel sulphur > 0.5%.CF-4Introduced in 1990 for high speed, four stroke diesel engines. Suitable for naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines.CG-4Engine oil for severe duty, high speed, four stroke diesel engines using fuel with sulphur < 0.5% by weight. Introduced for engines meeting 1994 emission standards.CH-4Engine oil introduced for engines meeting 1998 exhaust emission standards. Formulated for use with diesel engines using fuel with sulphur content up to 0.5%.CI-4Introduced in 2002 for engines designed to meet the 2004 EPA exhaust emission standards. Designed for engines fitted with and without EGR systems running on fuel with sulphur levels up to 0.5%.CJ-4Introduced in 2006 for diesel engines designed to meet the 2007 EPA on-highway emissions standards. CJ-4 oils are mid SAPs and designed to be used with fuel sulphur levels up to 500ppm. Oils of this specification can be used in engines fitted with particulate filters and other advanced exhaust treatment devices.CK-4Describes oils for use in high-speed four-stroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2017 model year on-highway and Tier 4 non-road exhaust emission standards as well as for previous model year diesel engines.FA-4Describes certain XW-30 oils specifically formulated for use in select high-speed four-stroke cycle diesel engines designed to meet 2017 model year on-highway greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards.DH-1Is a commercial diesel engine oil specification for older vehicles without exhaust gas treatment devised and for use with higher sulphur content fuels.DH-2Is a commercial diesel engine specification for the latest engines fitted with exhaust gas treatment devices. Only to be used with diesel fuel containing less than 50ppm sulphur.DHD-1Is the specification which covers and harmonises some ACEA, APIand JASO specifications and tests.JASOJapanese Oil Standards Organisation APIAPI commercial diesel specifications are classified by the letter C(Compression ignition) followed by a number, detailed and described below.ACEAACEA E categories are used to specify the correct engine oil in commercial diesel engines.GLOBALContact:Innovative lubricants needexperienced application engineersFUCHS LubricantsEvery lubricant change should be preceded by expert consultation on the application in question. Only then the best lubricant system can be selected. Experienced FUCHS engineers will be glad to advise on products for the application in question and also on our full range of lubricants.FUCHS LUBRICANTS (UK) plc,New Century Street, Hanley,Stoke on Trent, ST1 5HU Phone: +44 (0) 1782 203700E-Mail:********************/uk/fuchslubricantsuk @fuchslube_uk /fuchs-lubricants-uk-plc0920Fueling Y our Business。
制药行业常用英语词汇（缩写、中英文对照）制药行业常用英语词汇（缩写、中英文对照）序号中文英文及缩写 1 药品生产质量管理规范 GMP：GoodManufacturingPractice 2 国家食品与药品监督管理局 State Food and Drug Administration 3 总则 GeneralProvisions 4 《中华人民共和国药品管理法》 the DrugAdministration Law of the People"s Republic of China 5 制剂Preparation 6 原料药 API: Active PharmaceuticalIngredient 7 成品finished goods 8 工序 process 9 机构与人员 organization and personnel 10 专业知识 professional knowledge 11 生产经验 production e_perience 12 组织能力 organizational skill 13 技术人员 technical staff 14 实施implementation 15 药品生产 pharmaceutical manufacturing 16 质量管理quality management 17 质量检验 quality inspection 18 专业技术培训professional and technicaltraining 19 基础理论知识 basic theoreticalknowledge 20 实际操作技能 practical operationskills 21 高生物活性 highly potent 22 高毒性 high to_icity 23 污染 contamination 24 考核评估 assessment25 厂房与设施 buildings and facilities 26 生产环境 production environment 27 空气洁净级别 clean air level 28 昆虫 insect 29 洁净室（区）clean room(area) 30 光滑 smooth 31 无裂缝 no cracks 32 无颗粒物脱落no particle shedding 33 耐受 endure 34 消毒 disinfection 35 无菌 sterile 36 交界处 junction, joint 37 弧形 arc 38 灰尘积聚 dues accumulation 39 储存区 store area 40 生产规模 production scale 41 设备 equipment 42 物料material 43 中间产品 intermediate product 44 待验品 quarantined material 45 交叉污染 cross-contamination 46 管道 pipeline, ductwork 47 风口 tuber 48 公用设施, 公用工程 utilities of publicservice 49 照明 lighting 50 照度 illumination 51 应急紧急情况 emergency 52 净化 purification, clean 53 微生物, 微生物学, 微生物 micro-organism,microbiology,microbiologic的 54 监测 monitoring 55 记录 record 56 天棚天花板 ceiling, roof 57 密封 seal 58 静压差 Static DifferentialPressure 59 温度 temperature 60 相对湿度 RH: Relative Humidity 61 低漏地漏 floor drainer 62 青霉素penicillin 63 分装室 separating room, fillingroom 64 相对负压 relative negativepressure 65 废气 waste gas,e_hausted air 66 β－内酰胺结构类药品 β-Lactasestructure drug, drugs of β-Lactic group 67 避孕药品 contraceptives 68 激素类 hormone 69 抗肿瘤类 anti-tumor, oncology 70 放射性药品 Radiopharmaceuticals 71 包装 packing, package 72 循环使用recycling 73 微粒 particles 74 辐射 radiation, irradiation 75 细菌bacteria 76 病毒 virus 77 细胞 cell 78 脱毒前后 pre and postdeto_ification 79 活疫苗与灭活疫苗 activevaccine/inactivatedvaccine 80 人血液制品 blood products 81 预防制品prevention products82 灌装 filling 83 中药 Chinesetraditional medicines 84 前处理pretreatment 85 提取 e_traction 86 浓缩 concentration 87 动物脏器viscera of animal,organ ofanimal 88 蒸、炒、炙、煅 ing, frying,sunburn, testing 89 炮制concocted 90 通风 ventilation 91 除烟 smoke removal 92 除尘 dust removal 93 降温设施 temperature-reducingestablishment,cooling 94 筛选 screening, sift 95 切片 slicing 96 粉碎 grinding 97 压缩空气 pressed air 98 惰性气体 noble gas 99 取样 Sling 100 称量室weighing room, dispensingroom 中药标本 Chinese herbalsle,e_emplar of TCM 102 检定鉴定 verification, identification 103 同位素 Isoe 104 设备 equipment 105 选型 model/type selection 106 耐腐蚀anticorrosion 107 吸附 adsorption, absorption 108 润滑剂, 润滑 lubricant, lubricate 109 冷却剂 coolant 110 流向 flow direction111 纯化水 PW: Purified Water 112 注射用水 WFI: Water for Injection 113 滋生 breeding 114 储罐 tank 115 死角 neglected portion 116 盲管blind pipe 117 纤维 fiber 118 疏水性 hydrophobicity 119 仪表instrumentation 120 量具 measuring tool 121 衡器 weighing instrument 122 精密度 precision 123 维修 maintenance 124 不合格 disqualified reject 125 物料 material 126 购买 purchasing 127 发放 releasing 128 产地 origin 129 入库 loading 130 固体 solid 131 液体 liquid 132 挥发性 volatile 133 净药材 medicine, TCM 134 麻醉药品 narcotics 135 精神药品 psychotropic drug 136 易燃 bustible 137 易爆 e_plosive 138 验收 acceptance 139 使用说明书instruction140 标签 label 141 卫生, 清洁/消毒 sanitation 142 车间, 辅房workshop 143 间隔时间 time interval 144 清洁剂 detergent 145 消毒剂disinfectant 146 废弃物 wastes 147 更衣室 changing room 148 工作服, work clothes 149 颗粒性物质, 颗粒剂 granules 150 耐药菌株 drug-resistantstrain 151 传染病 infectiousdisease 152 皮肤病 dermatitis 153 验证verification, validation 154 确认 qualification 155 安装 installation156 运行 running operation 157 性能 performance 158 原辅料 raw material and incipient 159 文件 document 160 投诉 plaint 161 报废 reject 162 品名product name 163 处方 preion, formula 164 技术参数 technicalparameter165 容器 container 166 半成品 semi-finished product,intermediate 167 申请 lication 168 稳定性 stability169 起草 draft 170 生产管理 production management,manufacturing control.171 事故 accident 172 混淆 mi_-up 173 喷雾 spray 174 合格证certificate 175 清场 clearance 176 质量管理 quality management 177 内控internal control,on-line test 178 滴定液 tartan 179 培养基 medium 180 有效期 validity, e_piry date,shelf life 181 产品销售与收回 product sales andrecovery/recall 182 投诉与不良反应报告 plaints and adversereaction 自检self-inspection 184 附则 schedule endi_ 185 平衡 balance 186 饮用水drinking water, potablewater 187 蒸馏法 distillation 188 离子交换法 ion e_change 189 反渗透法 RO: Reverse Osmosis 190 附加剂添加剂 additives 191 滞留 stranded resort 192 批 batch, lot 193 组分, 组成 ponent 194 无纤维脱落的过滤器 non-fiber-releasingfilter 195 活性成份 Active Ingredient 196 非活性成份 Inactive ingredient 197 中间产品 in-processproduct,intermediate product198 批号 batch number 199 药用物料 medicated feed 20__药用预混合料 medicated premi_ 201 质量控制部门 Quality control department 202 理论产量 Theoretical yield 203 实际产量 Actual yield 204 比率 Percentage, rate 205 验收标准可接受标准 Acceptance criteria 206 代表性样品 Representative sle 207 微粒状的 particulate 208 污染物contaminant 209 石棉 asbestos 210 诊断 diagnosis 211 缓解 mitigation 212 化学变化 chemical change 213 组分 ingredient, ponent 214 制备 fabricate preparation 215 复合 pound 216 混合 blend 217 加工 processing 218 浓度concentration 219 单位剂量 unit dose 220 药品包装容器 drug product containers 221 密封件, 封盖 closure 222 效价 Titer 223 纯度 purity 224 规格 strength 225 监督 supervise, monitor 226 实验室 laboratory 227 无菌操作 aseptic operation,sterileoperation 228 层流 laminar flow 229 湍流 turbulent air flow 230 空气过滤 air filtration 231 空气加热 air heating 232 预过滤器 profiler 233 排气系统 e_haust system 234 管件 plumbing 235 虹吸倒流 back-siphon age 236 污水 sewage 237 废料 refuse 238 盥洗设备 toilet facilities 239 空气干燥器 air drier 240 垃圾 trash 241 有机废料 organic waste 242 杀鼠剂rodenticides 243 杀昆虫剂 insecticides 244 杀真菌剂 fungicides 245 熏蒸剂 fumigating reagents 246 去垢剂 cleaning agents 247 消毒剂 sanitizing agents 248 滂沱剂 lubricant 249 自动化设备 automatic, mechanical,or electronic equipment 250 微型胶卷 microfilm 251 注射剂 injection 252 灭菌设备 sterilization equipment 253 无菌取样技术 aseptic sling techniques 254 显微镜 microscope 255 热, 内毒素 pyrogen, endoto_in 256 偏差 deviation 257 变更 change control 258 进料 charge-in 259 项目代码 item code 260 鉴别 identify 261 片剂 tablet 262 胶囊 capsule 263 颗粒剂 granule 264 溶解时间溶出时间 dissolution time 265 澄明度clarity 266 隔离系统 quarantinesystem, isolation system 267 返工reprocessing 268 发放 issuance, release 269 非处方药 OTC:over-the-counter 270 处方药 preed medicine 271 皮肤科药、牙粉、胰岛素、喉片dermatological,dentifrice,insulin, or throat lozenge product 272 保险包装 ter-resistant package 273 明胶硬胶囊 hard gelatin capsule 274 顺势治疗homeopathic 275 入库 warehousing 276 变质 deteriorate 277 准确性accuracy 278 灵敏性 sensitivity 279 特异性 specificity 280 重复性reproducibility, repeatability 281 变应原提取物 allergenic e_tracts 282 眼膏 ophthalmic ointment 283 粗糙或磨蚀物质 harsh or abrasivesubstances 284 控释制剂 controlled-releasedosage form 285 实验动物 laboratory animals 286 供应商 Supplier 287 光谱 spectrum 288 测量单位 units of measure 289 换算系数 conversion factors 290 试剂 reagent 291 安慰剂placebo 292 明确地 e_plicitly 293 取代 supersede 294 溶液 solution 295 批准 roval 296 (美国)食品药品监督管理局 FDA: Food and DrugAdministration 297 标准操作程序 SOP: StandardOperatingProcedure 298 质量保证 QA: Quality Assurance 299 质量控制QC:Quality Control 300 批生产记录 BPR: Batch ProductionRecord 301 批检验记录 BAR: Batch AnalysisRecord 302 工艺规程 PP: Process Procedure 303 健康,安全,环保 EHS: Environment,Health andSafe 304 美国联邦法规 CFR: Code of FederalRegulation 305 美国药典USP: The UnitedStatesPharmacopeia 306 欧洲药典 EP: European pharmacopeia 307 英国药典 BP: British pharmacopeia 308 药物主文件 DMF: Drug Master File 309 验证主计划 VMP: Validation MasterPlan 310 验证方案 VP: Validation Protocol 311 验证报告 : Validation Report 312 安装确认 IQ: Installation Qualification313 运行确认 OQ: Operation Qualification 314 性能确认 PQ: Performance Qualification 315 超出标准(限度) OOS: Out of Specification 316 冻干产品 freeze-dry product,lyophilizated product 317 工厂主述文件SMF: Site Master File。
第33卷第2期中㊀国㊀表㊀面㊀工㊀程Vol.33No.22020年4月CHINA SURFACE ENGINEERINGApril 2020收稿日期:2019-10-10;㊀修回日期:2020-04-01通信作者:朱新河(1964 ),男(汉),教授,博士;研究方向:船机零件的摩擦磨损控制;E-mail :xinhe@ 基金项目:辽宁省自然科学基金(2019-ZD -0148);中央高校基本科研业务费(3132019331)Fund :Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2019-ZD -0148)and Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(3132019331)引用格式:付景国,徐长旗,朱新河,等.表面微织构复合固体润滑材料的摩擦学性能研究进展[J].中国表面工程,2020,33(2):15-28.FU J G,XU C Q,ZHU X H,et al.Research progress of surface micro-texture combined with solid lubricants on tribological proper-ties [J].China Surface Engineering,2020,33(2):15-28.doi:10.11933/j.issn.10079289.20191010001表面微织构复合固体润滑材料的摩擦学性能研究进展付景国,徐长旗,朱新河,张蓬予,刘耕硕,严志军(大连海事大学轮机工程学院,大连116026)摘㊀要:为提高摩擦副之间的摩擦学性能,润滑油添加剂㊁低摩擦表面以及表面微织构等作为改善表面摩擦学性能的手段已得到国内外研究工作者的广泛关注并取得了一定的成果,而表面微织构复合固体润滑材料技术作为一种集成了已有各种减摩手段优点的复合技术开始被研究㊂文中综述了表面微织构与固体润滑材料复合的物理和化学方法;评述了表面微织构几何形状㊁参数和固体润滑材料种类对复合表面摩擦学性能的影响;分析了表面微织构复合固体润滑材料的减摩机制;最后指出了该复合技术目前尚待解决的问题,并对该技术下一步的发展方向和实际应用进行了展望㊂关键词:表面微织构;固体润滑材料;复合技术;摩擦学性能中图分类号:TH117文献标志码:A文章编号:1007-9289(2020)02-0015-14Research Progress of Surface Micro-texture Combined with SolidLubricants on Tribological PropertiesFU Jingguo,XU Changqi,ZHU Xinhe,ZHANG Pengyu,LIU Gengshuo,YAN Zhijun(School of Marine Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)Abstract :In order to improve the tribological properties of friction pair,lubricant additives,low-friction surfaces and surfacemicro-textures have aroused great attention by worldwide scientists as means to improve surface tribological properties and havealready achieved certain results.However,surface micro-textures combined with solid lubricants has begun to be studied as acomposite technology because of the integration of existing anti-friction measures.The physical and chemical methods for thecomposite of surface micro-textures and solid lubricants were reviewed.The effects of geometrical shape,parameters of surfacemicro-texture and types of solid lubricants on the tribological properties of composite surface were reviewed.The anti-frictionmechanism of the composite technology was analyzed.Finally,the unsolved problems of composite technology were pointed out,and the development direction and practical application of this technology in the future were proposed.Keywords :surface micro-texture;solid lubricants;composite technology;tribological property0㊀引㊀言摩擦会导致机械零件失效和系统效率的降低,增加动力能源消耗,由于摩擦造成的机械能量损失高达10%~20%[1]㊂为减少摩擦,研究人员针对摩擦副已提出并实施了各种手段,例如改善润滑油性能㊁制备低摩擦表面和表面微织构等㊂改善润滑油性能主要是往在用润滑油中添加功能性的微纳材料,如添加具有减摩抗磨性能的WS 2[2]㊁MoS 2[3]㊁LaF [4]㊁石墨烯[5]等粉体㊂制备低摩擦表面是在在摩擦副之间通过增加易剪切的自润滑材料,利用材料自身的润滑特性来减中㊀国㊀表㊀面㊀工㊀程2020年少表面摩擦,如在摩擦表面形成固体润滑薄膜[6-7]或涂覆自润滑材料[8-9]㊂表面微织构则是通过在摩擦副表面加工不同微造型来减少摩擦副之间实际接触面积,储存润滑油和磨损产物来减少摩擦,如圆形微织构[10]㊁三角形微织构[11]㊁矩形微织构[12]等㊂然而在研究过程中发现表面微织构不仅可以作为液体润滑剂的储存器,还可以作为固体润滑剂或其他功能性材料的储存器㊂此复合方法是将上述现有的减摩手段进行综合处理,即在表面微织构内填充固体润滑材料,让其在使用过程中逐渐释放出来,起到减摩作用㊂填充的固体润滑材料种类也相对较多,如单一固体润滑材料[13-14]㊁多种单一固体润滑材料的混合物等[15]㊂在研究中发现,表面微织构与固体润滑材料复合之后,呈现出比单一表面处理方法更优的减摩耐磨效果[16],并且可针对不同的工况发挥不同的作用㊂在油润滑条件下,固体润滑材料会逐渐释放至摩擦副间的润滑油中;在干摩擦条件,固体润滑材料直接作用在发生摩擦的部位㊂除此之外,表面微织构仍能起到储存磨损产物的作用㊂文中在评述表面微织构复合固体润滑材料的方法,分析减摩因素以及减摩机理的基础上,综述了表面微织构复合固体润滑材料技术最新的研究与发展概况,并探讨复合技术所遇到的问题,为相关研究提供一定的思路,希望对探索机械零件减摩耐磨新方法㊁新途径及其潜在应用提供一定的参考价值㊂1㊀微织构表面固体润滑材料的复合工艺由于研究者研究领域的不同,并在考虑固体润滑材料和应用工况的基础上,微织构表面固体润滑材料的复合工艺也有所不同㊂目前,复合工艺种类繁多,如机械涂覆㊁热压填充㊁有机树脂粘接㊁气相沉积等众多物理和化学方法,由于复合工艺的不同,复合涂层所展现出的摩擦学性能和使用寿命也有一定的差异㊂1.1㊀机械涂覆法机械涂覆法是通过反复的机械作用力将干燥的固体润滑材料粉体涂抹在试样表面,形成润滑膜,达到与基体间的物理结合状态㊂具体操作步骤是先将涂覆布固定在旋转盘上,并将一定量的固体润滑材料均匀分散在涂覆布上,使经过抛光和超声清洗的试样与涂覆布上的润滑材料在一定载荷下对磨,在旋转盘的缓慢匀速转动中制备复合涂层㊂Wu等[17]在Ti-6Al-4V合金微织构表面上机械涂覆MoS2固体润滑剂,并在旋转球盘接触下进行高速干摩擦试验㊂结果表明,填充有MoS2固体润滑剂的钛合金微织构表面呈现出较好的摩擦学性能,与光滑表面相比,其摩擦因数最高可降低40%,且波动明显降低;摩擦温度最高也降低15%㊂周后明等[18]通过特殊材质的布料将MoS2基复合固体润滑剂机械涂覆在具有微织构的硬质合金刀具前刀面上㊂结果发现,填充有MoS2/Sb2O3复合固体润滑剂的微织构刀具在高㊁低速切削时都表现出较低的切削力,且切削温度比传统刀具下降11%~25%㊂另外,Li等[19]试验了具有微织构的不锈钢表面与MoS2润滑剂复合后在600ħ条件下的摩擦学性能㊂结果表明在高温条件下,复合表面具有较低的摩擦因数和磨损率㊂还有研究者在机械涂覆固体润滑材料之前,对基体试样进行了预处理㊂Rapoport等[20]在机械涂覆MoS2润滑剂之前,先对钢基体表面抛磨一层硫化物或硒化物的微纳颗粒用以增加MoS2与钢基体之间的结合强度,通过多功能摩擦磨损试验机对钢表面激光微织构内填充固体润滑剂的粘附力和使用寿命进行了研究㊂结果证明, CdZnSe作为粘结层时,所制备的复合表面具有最佳的摩擦因数,此时表面MoS2润滑膜层的磨损寿命是单独涂覆MoS2润滑膜层的两倍㊂Li 等[21]试验了将MoS2微纳粉末机械涂覆在含银镍基合金表面微织构内,并通过环盘式摩擦磨损试验机检验其在室温至600ħ条件下的摩擦学性能㊂结果表明,试样摩擦因数会随着温度的增加而增加;填充MoS2粉末试样在室温至400ħ条件下,其摩擦因数稍低于未织构合金试样,高于400ħ时,其摩擦因数仍维持在较低的水平,而未织构合金试样的摩擦因数则上升较快㊂机械涂覆法因操作简单,易于达到填充效果,是目前应用较为广泛的复合方法之一,但对固体润滑剂的填充效果一般,结合强度不高㊂1.2㊀热压填充法热压填充法是采用加热和加压的方法将固61㊀第2期付景国,等:表面微织构复合固体润滑材料的摩擦学性能研究进展体润滑材料填充于微织构表面内的处理过程㊂首先将填充的固体润滑材料过量的涂覆于已微织构加工试样表面,在一定温度和压力下利用热压机进行热压成形,制成试样毛坯㊂毛坯试样经砂纸抛光去除表面多余的固体润滑材料,最终制备复合表面,具体过程如图1所示[16]㊂图1㊀热压加工过程[16]Fig.1㊀Process of hot pressingHu等[16]对比了热压填充法与机械涂覆法对试样摩擦学性能的影响㊂结果发现,在表面微坑内热压MoS2固体润滑剂所制备的涂层具有极低的摩擦因数和长的磨损寿命,比机械涂覆固体润滑剂的摩擦因数降低约1倍,磨损寿命提高约35倍㊂其分析原因是,热压使微坑中的润滑剂涂层密度增加,其固体润滑剂的储存量大约是机械涂覆的20倍;另外,热压处理还可增强固体润滑剂与基材的粘结强度㊂华希俊等[22-23]采用热压的方法对表面微织构复合固体润滑材料做了一系列研究㊂他先将微纳MoS2粉末热压填充至45钢表面激光微织构内,在销盘线接触摩擦磨损试验机上考察了其作为复合固体润滑剂在干摩擦条件下的摩擦学性能㊂研究结果发现微织构中填充的MoS2在摩擦过程中转移至试样接触表面,并形成稳定可靠的固体润滑膜,提高摩擦表面的减摩耐磨性能㊂除此之外,他还发现在油润滑状态下的表面激光微织构填充固体润滑剂仍能对摩擦副表面起到减摩耐磨作用㊂孙友松等[24]则将微织构填充方法应用在传动螺母上,首先通过3D纺织技术编织出具有纹理结构的螺旋面状碳纤维,并采用半干法将微纳固体润滑剂复合在碳纤维上研究其摩擦磨损性能,经与高性能青铜ZCuSn10Pb1螺母对比,复合材料螺母摩擦因数降低了21.2%,传动效率也相对提高了10.6%㊂由此看出,采用热压填充法可增加固体润滑材料在微织构内的存储量和粘结强度,所得的摩擦学效果要好于机械涂覆法,但热压夹具的形状对其应用范围影响较大,平面试样可较容易得到加工效果,对于非平面试样的加工难度较大㊂1.3㊀有机树脂粘结法表面微织构内的固体润滑材料的填充方式直接影响着其使用寿命,尽管热压填充方法在一定程度上增加了其使用寿命,降低其释放速率,但研究发现有机树脂粘结法,即将环氧树脂或其他树脂类有机物作为粘接剂与固体润滑材料混合后填充于微织构表面的方法,表现更佳的作用时效,使用寿命也有所提高㊂通常,粘结法先将粘接剂与固体润滑材料按不同质量比混合均匀,涂覆于已加工试样表面,之后经过一定时间的冷凝压制或热压成形,制成试样毛坯,最后经砂纸研磨㊁抛光,加工成摩擦磨损试样㊂或者将试样浸入到经丙酮稀释的粘接剂与固体润滑材料的悬浮液中,静置一段时间,取出后放入干燥箱依次进行低温保温固化,高温保温固化,制成试样㊂因此,有学者把树脂类材料与固体润滑材料混合在一起封装在表面微织构内,研究其协同作用下的摩擦学性能,并取得了一定的成果㊂表1总结了部分不同树脂与固体润滑材料在微织构内的协同作用效果㊂尹延国[25],乔姣飞[26],秦永坤[27]等研究了环氧树脂与MoS2的混合物对试样的摩擦学性能影响,发现环氧树脂粘接剂可有效地填充在表面微织构内,形成复合润滑膜层,并且表面微织构内填充混合固体润滑膜有着更优异的摩擦学性能,其摩擦因数的降低和膜层寿命的提高与环氧树脂的含量有一定的关系㊂黄仲佳等[28]则使用5%酚醇树脂粘结剂改善固体润滑剂的粘结性能,并通过机械涂覆的方法将混合润滑材料填充在45钢表面电解加工的微织构内,发现微织构中填充的固体润滑材料在摩擦过程可转移至接触表面并能形成稳定可靠的固体润滑膜,提高摩71中㊀国㊀表㊀面㊀工㊀程2020年㊀㊀㊀表1㊀树脂与固体润滑材料协同作用下的摩擦学性能Table 1㊀Tribological properties under the synergistic effect of resin and solid lubricantsComposite materialsMatrixProcessing methodWorking conditionPropertiesRefE54epoxy resin +graphite +MoS 245steelSpraying and curing under 160ħDry sliding on Pin-on-disk tribometerThe addition of MoS 2can improve anti-friction and wear-resisting performance than one-component solid lubrication[25]E51epoxy resin +MoS 245steelSprayingandcuring under 200ħDry sliding on ring-on-disk tribometerThe sample with texture density of 20%hasthe smallest COF and 2.25times wear life.[26]epoxy resin +MoS 2Ti6Al4ValloyPEO +Impregnation Dry sliding on pin-on-disk tribometerThe COF reduces from 0.135to 0.25.Wear life increases from 50min to 80min.[27]5%phenolicresin +MoS 245steelSmearing andcuring under 60ħDry sliding on ring-on-disk tribometerThe COF reduces from 0.3to 0.08.[28]AB adhesive +MoS 245steelSmearing and curing under room temperature Dry sliding on pin-on-disk tribometerThe COF is the smallest,about 0.12,whenthe quality content of AB adhesive is 50%.[29]Polyimide (PI)+MoS 245steelSmearing andhot pressingDry sliding on pin-on-disk tribometerThe COF is the smallest,about 0.11,when the quality content of PI is 20%.[30]擦表面的减摩耐磨性能㊂华希俊等也先后研究了AB 胶[29]㊁聚酰亚胺(PI)[30]与MoS 2微纳粉体合后形成黏结型混合固体润滑剂填充在表面微织构内的摩擦学性能㊂研究结果都显示混合固体润滑剂填充的微织构表面的摩擦因数均随着载荷和转速的增大而减小,且高速重载更有利于润滑膜的形成;并且粘接剂含量存在一个最优值,AB 胶质量含量为50%时,摩擦因数最低,约为0.12;聚酰亚胺质量分数为20%时,摩擦因数最低,约为0.11㊂尽管目前缺少有机树脂粘结法与上述两种加工方法在同一条件下的对比,但从现有的试验数据来看,有机树脂粘结法仍能较大的改善试样的摩擦学性能㊂1.4㊀气相沉积法气相沉积法是利用气相中发生的物理㊁化学反应,在工件表面形成功能性或装饰性的金属㊁非金属或化合物涂层㊂气相沉积法按照成膜机理,可分为化学气相沉积㊁物理气相沉积和等离子体气相沉积㊂表2总结了使用物理气相沉积法在表面微织构内填充固体润滑材料的作用效果㊂表2㊀物理气相沉积法在表面微织构内填充固体润滑剂的摩擦学性能Table 2㊀Tribological properties of textured surface filled with solid lubricants through physical vapour depositionComposite materials Matrix Working conditionPropertiesRefWS 2WC /TiC /Coce-mented carbideDry cutting testCutting force reduces by 44%,cutting temperature reduces by 16%,COF reduces by 16%under high cutting speed of 250m/min[31]TiAlN WC +6%Co ce-mented carbideDry cutting testThe texture increases the adhesion strength between the coatingsand substrate,reduces the wear rate of rake face and reduces the roughness of the machined surfaces.[32]WS 2+Zr Al 2O 3/TiC ceram-ic surfaceDry sliding on ball-on-disk tribometerNano-textures increases the adhesion strength between the coat-ings and substrate,and the COF reduces from 0.5to 0.06.[33]W-S-CWC +8%Co ce-mented carbide Dry sliding on ball-on-disk tribometer The reduction percentage of average COF of the textured surfaceis up to 80%when the density is in the range from 0%to 9%.[35]81㊀第2期付景国,等:表面微织构复合固体润滑材料的摩擦学性能研究进展㊀㊀Deng [31],Liu [32]等采用物理气相沉积的方法在具有微织构的WC /Co 硬质合金刀具前刀面沉积固体润滑材料,通过车床切削试验检验其切削性能㊂结果表面微织构复合固体润滑材料可以降低切削力,切削温度和摩擦因数,并且微织构的存在还可以增加沉积涂层与基体的粘结强度㊂Xing 等[33-34]则对Al 2O 3/TiC 陶瓷微织构表面上沉积WS 2/Zr 复合涂层在湿切削和干切削工况下的摩擦学性能进行了研究㊂结果表明微织构与WS 2/Zr 复合涂层均能表现出较好的摩擦学性能,并且表面微织构可以改变切刀应力分布,进而增加涂层与基体的结合强度,延长涂层的使用寿命㊂另外,W-S-C 涂层[35]㊁TiAlN 涂层[36]也通过气相沉积的方法沉积在具有微织构的硬质合金表面,测试结果都表明表面微织构与润滑材料的协同作用可以极大地改善其摩擦学性能㊂除此之外,还有学者研究了具有微织构的气相沉积涂层的摩擦学性能㊂Waldemar 等[37]利用气相沉积的方法在发动机气缸套内表面沉积DLC 涂层,然后采用机械加工的方法在其上加工出直径为0.25~0.35mm,深度为4~6μm 的微坑,测试结果表明,在同样运转工况条件下,由于摩擦功耗的减少,使用微织构DLC 涂层气缸套的发动机比原始发动机输出的功率增加约5.8%,转速约增加1000r /min㊂Pakula 等[38]在塞隆陶瓷表面上气相沉积Al 2O 3+TiN 涂层后进行微织构,测试结果表明,复合润滑结构的摩擦因数可降低15%㊂气相沉积技术在基体表面得到的润滑涂层细致㊁紧密,与表面微织构复合之后,微织构对涂层的锚定作用,使得涂层与基体的结合强度也进一步提高㊂由此看出,此种复合工艺对工作于重载条件下的摩擦副具有较好的指导意义㊂1.5㊀其他处理方法除上述复合工艺方法之外,还有一些其他的处理方法,不过针对这些处理方法的文献相对较少㊂Li 等[39]在45钢上对电沉积镍过渡层进行微织构,再采用电沉积方法在有微织构的镍层上沉积银涂层,并利用球盘试验机在干摩擦条件下检验复合涂层从室温至700ħ下的摩擦磨损性能㊂结果表明,所制备的复合涂层试样在适当的织构密度下表现出比无织构镍层和无镍层微织构试样低且稳定的摩擦因数,在700ħ下摩擦因数约为0.2㊂Li 等[40]采用电流体动力学雾化技术在微织构表面沉积WS 2涂层,通过球盘往复式滑动摩擦试验机来评估其摩擦学性能,结果显示表面微织构可以增强涂层与基体的粘结强度,延长WS 2膜层的磨损寿命㊂2㊀影响复合膜层摩擦学性能的因素表面微织构内填充固体润滑材料比单一的处理方法达到更优的摩擦学性能,并可针对不同的工况发挥不同的作用㊂摩擦学性能的改善主要取决于表面微织构的参数以及所填充的固体润滑材料的种类㊂2.1㊀表面微织构参数对摩擦学性能的影响表面微织构参数,如微织构的形状㊁尺寸㊁微织构底面形状以及微织构的密度等[10-12],对摩擦学性能的影响已经被许多学者通过理论和试验证明㊂在此基础上,不同表面微织构参数对复合润滑结构的摩擦学性能影响也逐渐开始被研究㊂2.1.1㊀微织构几何形状参数的影响㊀㊀图2展示了部分微织构的几何形状参数㊂表3总结了部分微织构几何形状参数对复合润滑结构的摩擦学性能影响㊂图2㊀表面微织构几何形状Fig.2㊀Geometric shapes of surface texture91中㊀国㊀表㊀面㊀工㊀程2020年表3 不同微织构几何形状复合固体润滑材料的摩擦学性能Table 3㊀Tribological properties of different geometric shapes of texture filled with solid LubricantsGeometric shape Matrix Composite material Processing methodWorking conditionProperties RefMicro-grooves WC /Co cemented carbidMoS 2Smearing and pressingDry sliding on ball-on-disk tribometerThe average COF reduces by 20%-25%,and average friction temperature reduces by 8%-15%.[41]Ellipticmi-crotextures WCcemen-ted carbid MoS 2SmearingDry cutting test on latheThe cutting force reduces by 10%-15%,㊀and the cutting temperature reduces by 10%-20%.[42]Circular-arcmicrotextures WCcemen-ted carbidMoS 2Smearing Dry cutting testThe cutting force reduces by8%-16%,㊀and the cutting temperature reduces by 15%-24%.[43]Dimples Ti6Al4V al-loyMoS 2burnishing Dry sliding on pin-on-disk tribometerSliding distance increases from 500m to1200m at a low COF.[44]Dimple /line /four-leaf clo-ver arrayYS8cemen-ted carbideWS 2electrohydro-dynamicat-omizationDry sliding on ball-on-disk tribometer,scratch testsTextured surface with four-leaf clover hasa higher adhesive strength and shows a better tribological properties.[40]㊀㊀Wu [41],吴泽[42],龙远强[43],Qin [44]等分别研究了具有沟槽性㊁椭圆形㊁圆弧形㊁圆形微织构的试样在涂覆固体润滑材料后对摩擦学或切削性能的影响,结果都发现微织构填充固体润滑材料比单微织构试样表现出更佳的摩擦学性能或切削性能㊂Li 等[40]还对比了不同的表面微织构形状对复合涂层的减摩效果的影响㊂试验采用激光刻蚀技术在硬质合金表面加工出微坑阵列㊁线阵列㊁四叶草阵列的微织构,然后在微织构表面沉积WS 2涂层,通过球盘往复式滑动摩擦试验机来评估其摩擦学性能㊂试验结果表明四叶草阵列的微织构与WS 2涂层之间的协同作用对硬质合金的摩擦磨损性能改善最为明显㊂2.1.2㊀微织构尺寸的影响㊀㊀表4总结了部分微织构尺寸和密度对复合润滑结构的摩擦学性能影响㊂黄仲佳[28],Zim-merman [45]等对不同尺寸的微织构对填充固体润滑材料后的摩擦学性能进行研究,结果发现较大尺寸的微织构表现出较好的摩擦学性能,摩擦因数较小,低摩擦因数寿命也相对较长㊂Zhang 等[46-49]则对比了微米和纳米级的微织构填充固体润滑剂的摩擦学性能,结果表明具有纳米织构的刀具试样,其磨损寿命显著增加㊂织构化TiAlN 涂层刀具在切削力㊁刀-屑间平均摩擦因数㊁刀具的磨损量以及工件的加工质量方面均得到不同程度的改善,其中同时具有微米和纳米织构的TiAlN 涂层刀具具有最优的切削性能㊂在此基础上,Zhang 等[50-51]在具有微米和纳米织构的TiAlN 涂层上磁控溅射沉积WS 2,并在干切削试验机上检验其切削性能㊂结果表明TiAlN 涂层上的微纳织构可以改善WS 2膜的初始使用寿命,并对其切削力㊁切削温度㊁摩擦因数和刀具磨损等性能上都有明显改善,其认为WS 2与织构化涂层之间粘结强度的提高主要是由于表面微织构为涂层提供机械锚定的作用㊂除微织构尺寸外,微织构的密度也对复合润滑结构的摩擦学性能有较大的影响㊂Meng 等[35]通过球盘式摩擦磨损试验机检验硬质合金不同密度的沟槽型微织构表面沉积W-S-C 涂层的干摩擦性能,结果发现当微沟槽面密度为9%时,对摩擦性能改善效果最佳,此时平均摩擦因数的降幅相比于未微织构表面可达80%㊂Hu 等[52]则研究了圆形微织构密度对钛合金摩擦学性能的影响㊂试验在干摩擦和涂覆MoS 2固体润滑剂条件下,研究了织构密度为13%㊁23%和44%的微坑表面对钛合金摩擦学性能的影响,结果表明,织构密度为23%的微坑表面具有最低的摩擦因数,但织构密度的增加可以获得更长的磨损寿命㊂乔姣飞[26]和Guleryuz [53]等对微织构的尺寸和密度对填充固体润滑剂的摩擦学性能同时进2㊀第2期付景国,等:表面微织构复合固体润滑材料的摩擦学性能研究进展行了研究,结果发现微织构尺寸越大对摩擦因数的影响越大,而微织构密度对摩擦因数而言存在一个最优值㊂Arenas 等[54]则对菱形微织构的交叉角度和织构密度对摩擦学性能的影响进行研究㊂利用布抛光的方法在Ti6Al4V 合金菱形图案织构表面涂覆微纳石墨烯和MoS 2颗粒,并通过往复滑动摩擦磨损试验机对不同试样的摩擦磨损性能进行评价,当交叉角为60ʎ,织构密度为64%时具有最佳的摩擦磨损性能,并且当织构密度ɤ40%时,石墨烯涂层的使用寿命高于MoS 2㊂上述研究结果表明织构密度对试样表面的减摩性能存在一个最优值,但Qin 等[44]通过对微弧氧化的织构钛合金表面进行涂覆MoS 2固体润滑剂,通过摩擦磨损试验发现,钛合金表面织构密度越高(织构密度试验范围8%~55%),所制备织构化钛合金微弧氧化复合MoS 2涂层的减摩性能越好㊂其研究结果与上述直接在基体表面微织构复合固体润滑剂的研究结果有所不同,原因可能与钛合金微弧氧化后形成的硬质耐磨陶瓷表面有关㊂表4 不同微织构尺寸和密度复合固体自润滑材料的摩擦学性能Table 4㊀Tribological properties of different size and density of textures filled with solid lubricantsTexture parameterMatrixComposite material Processing methodWorking conditionPropertiesRefDimple diameter100μm and 500μm45steel 5%Phe-nolic res-in +MoS 2Smearing Dry sliding on ring-on-disk tribometerThe COF of samples with dimple diam-eter of 500μm and 100μm are 0.08and 0.3,respectively.[28]Dimple diameter of1.5μm,3μm,5μm and 10μm440C stain-less steelGraphite SprayingDry slidingonpin-on-disk tribometerSample with dimple diameter of 10μmexhibits lower COF and longer life[45]Groove size of 50μm and 150nmWC /Cosubstrates TiAlNPhysical va-por deposi-tion Cutting test with cutting fluids scratch tests Micro /nano-scale texture on rake faceshowes the best anti-adhesive proper-ties and adhesion strength.[47]Groove size of 50μm and 150nm WC /CosubstratesTiAlN +MoS 2Physical va-por deposi-tion +Bur-nishingDry sliding onball-on-disk tribometer scratch testsMicro-scale texture improves the effec-tive life of the MoS 2layer for a longer period.[50]Groove density of2%,4%,9%,18%and 35%WC +8wt.%CocementedcarbideW-S-C Physical va-por deposi-tionDry sliding onball-on-disktribometer The sample with groove density of 9%shows the best tribological properties.[35]Dimple density of13%,23%and44%Ti -6Al -4V alloyMoS 2Burnishing Dry sliding on ball-on-disk tri-bometer Sample with dimple density of 23%showsthe smallest COF,and the increase of density can prolong the wear life.[52]Dimple density of8%,12%,20%,33%and 55%Ti6Al4V al-loyMoS 2BurnishingDry sliding on pin-on-disk tribometerThe low COF life increases with the in-crease of textured dimple densities from 8%to 55%.[44]Grooves size of 100μm,200μm,300μm,and density of 10%,20%,30%45steelE51ep-oxy resin +MoS 2Smearing Dry sliding onblock-on-ring tribometerSample with groove density of 20%shows the smallest COF,and the in-crease of size can prolong the wear life.[26]Dimple diameter of4μm and 9μm,and space of 11μm and 25μmSilicon wa-fersGraphite+indiumMist sprayer +sputter deposition Dry sliding on pin-on-disk tri-bometer Sample with diameter of 9μm and space of 25μm shows the best tribo-logical performance.[53]Crossing angles of45ʎand 60ʎ;densi-ty of 18%,40%and 64%Ti -6Al -4V alloy Graphene +MoS 2Cloth bur-nishingDry sliding on ball-on-disk tri-bometer The best COF results are found for64%of density and 60ʎof crossing an-gle.[54]12。
1 LA-1 (+/-)-4-METHYL-1,2-CYCLOHEXA-NEDICARBOXYLIC ACID2 LA-2 (+/-)-4-METHYL-1,2-CYCLOHEXA-NEDICARBOXYLIC ANHYDRIDE1 LA-1 (+/-)-HEXAHYDRO-4-METHYLPH-THALIC ACID2 LA-2 (+/-)-HEXAHYDRO-4-METHYLPH-THALIC ANHYDRIDE115 LA-115 1,1’-OXYBIS(2-ETHOXY)ETHANE;2-ETHOXYETHYL ETHER;DIETHYLDIGLYCOL; DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIETHYL ETHER3 LA-3 1,1,2-TRICHLORO-1,2,2-TRIFLU-OROETHANE9 LA-9 1,2,3-BENZOTRIAZOLE; BENZO-TRIAZOLE; AZIMIDOBENZENE; BEN-ZISOTRIAZOLE; COBRATEC BZT 99; BETZ 3F4162 LA-162 1,2,3-PROPANETRIOL; GLYCERIN;GLYCEROL; TRIHYDROXYPROPANE1172 LA-1172 1,2,3-PROPANETRIOL; GLYCEROL 4 LA-4 1,2,4-BENZENETRICARBOXYLICANHYDRIDE286 LA-286 1,2-BIS(2-METHOXYETHOXY)ETHANE;2,5,8,11-TETRAOXADODECANE;TRIGLYME214 LA-214 1,2-DIMETHOXYETHANE; DIMETHYLCELLOSOLVE; ETHYLENE GLYCOL DIMETHYL ETHER; MONOGLYME;alpha,beta-DIMETHOXYETHANE5 LA-5 1,3-DIPHENYLBUTENE-171 LA-71 1-ACETOXY-2-BUTOXYETHANE 111 LA-111 1-BUTYLPHOSPHONIC ACID,DIBUTYL ESTER; DIBUTYLBUTANEPHOSPHONATE; BUTYLPHOS-PHONIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTER220 LA-220 1-METHYL-2-PYRROLIDONE; NMP;M-PYROL; 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE;N-METHYL-gamma-BUTYROLACTONE;1-METHYLAZACYCLOPENTAN-2-ONE;MP6 LA-6 1-METHYLNAPHTHALENE7 LA-7 11-AMINOUNDECANOIC ACID8 LA-8 12-HYDROXYOCTADECANOIC ACID 8 LA-8 12-HYDROXYSTEARIC ACID166 LA-166 12-HYDROXYSTEARIC ACID; 12-H.S.A.; RADIACID 200; 12-HYDROXYOCTADECANOIC ACID9 LA-9 1H-BENZOTRIAZOLE301 LA-301 2,2’-DITHIOBIS[BENZOTHIAZOLE];BENZOTHIAZYL DISULFIDE; 2,2’-DIBENZOTHIAZYL DISULFIDE; MER-CAPTOBENZTHIAZYL ETHER;THIOFIDE10 LA-10 2,3,4,5-TETRAMETHYLCYCLOPENTA-DIENE11 LA-11 2,4-BIS(tert-BUTYL)PHENOL 11 LA-11 2,4-DI-tert-BUTYLPHENOL12 LA-12 2,4-DIMETHYL-6-tert-BUTYLPHE-NOL 266 LA-266 2,6,10,15,19,23-HEXAMETHYL-2,6,10,14,18,22-TETRACOSAHEXA-ENENE; SPINACENE; SUPRAENE;ROBANE14 LA-14 2,6-BIS(tert-BUTYL)PHENOL13 LA-13 2,6-DI-tert-BUTYL-4-METHYLPHE-NOL1159 LA-1159 2,6-DI-tert-BUTYL-p-CRESOL;BHT; BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE;2,6-BIS(1,1-DIMETHYLETHYL)-4-METHYLPHENOL); ANTRANCINE 8;TENOX BHT; IONOL CP; SUSTANE;DALPAC; IMPROVAL; VIANOL;PARABAR 44114 LA-14 2,6-DI-tert-BUTYLPHENOL 72 LA-72 2-(2-BUTOXYETHOXY)ETHANOL;BUTYL DIGOL; BUTYL DIICINOL;DOWANOL DB167 LA-167 2-(2-HEXYLOXYETHOXY)ETHANOL;HEXYL DIGOL71 LA-71 2-BUTOXYETHANOL ACETATE 71 LA-71 2-BUTOXYETHYL ACETATE227 LA-227 2-CHLOROBENZOIC ACID; 2-CBA 215 LA-215 2-DIETHYLAMINOETHANOL; beta-DIETHYLAMINOETHYL ALCOHOL; 2-HYDROXYTRIETHYLAMINE; DEEA216 LA-216 2-DIMETHYLAMINOETHANOL; N,N-DIMETHYL-2-HYDROXYETHYLAMINE15 LA-15 2-ETHYL-4-METHYLIMIDAZOLE 16 LA-16 2-ETHYLHEXANOIC ACID102 LA-102 2-HYDROXY-1,2,3-PROPANETRICAR-BOXYLIC ACID193 LA-193 2-HYDROXYPROPANOIC ACID;alpha-HYDROXYPROPIONIC ACID;MILK ACID300 LA-300 2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE; 2-BENZOTHIAZOLETHIOL; 2(3H)-BEN-ZOTHIAZOLETHIONE; CAPTAX; DER-MACID; MERTAX1228 LA-1228 2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE; 2-BENZOTHIAZOLETHIOL; 2(3H)-BEN-ZOTHIAZOLETHIONE; MBT; CAPTAX;DERMACID; MERTAX168 LA-168 2-METHYL-2,4-PENTANEDIOL; MPD;alpha,alpha,alpha’-TRIMETHYLTRIMETHYLENEGLYCOL;PINAKON36 LA-36 2-PROPANOL, ALUMINUM SALT;ALUMINUM ISOPROPYLATE; ALU-MINUM TRIISOPROPOXIDE22 LA-22 2-PROPENAMIDE; ACRYLIC AMIDE;PROPENAMIDE17 LA-17 2-THIOCYANOMETHYLTHIOBENZOTH-IAZOLE18 LA-18 3,3’-THIOPROPIONIC ACID221 LA-221 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXYBENZOIC ACID,n-PROPYL ESTER; GALLIC ACID,PROPYL ESTER; PG; PROGALLIN P; TENOX PG70 LA-70 4,4’-CARBONYLDIPHTHALIC ANHY-DRIDE© 2002. Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved.Lubricant AdditivesBio-RadLaboratories19 LA-19 4,4’-DIACETYLDIPHENYL ETHER 20 LA-20 4-HYDROXY-2,2,6,6-TETRAM-ETHYLPIPERIDINE 1-OXYL108 LA-108 4-HYDROXY-4-METHYL-2-PEN-TANONE; PYRANTON20 LA-20 4-HYDROXY-TEMPO; 4-HYDROXY-2,2,6,6-TETRAM-ETHYLPIPERIDINEYLOXY249 LA-249 4-METHYL-1,3-DIOXOLAN-2-ONE;1,2-PROPANEDIOL CYCLIC CARBON-ATE21 LA-21 4-NONYLPHENOLS276 LA-276 4-tert-BUTYLPYROCATECHOL235 LA-235 ACCONON 300 MO; EMEREST 300MO; PEGOSPERSE 300 MO; RADIA-SURF 7431236 LA-236 ACCONON 400 MO; EMEREST 2646;MAPEG 400 MO; PEGOSPERSE 400MO, 400 MOT; RADIASURF 74031148 LA-1148 ACCONON CA 9346 LA-346 ACCUFLUOR CFx 1000347 LA-347 ACCUFLUOR CFx 1030348 LA-348 ACCUFLUOR CFx 2065349 LA-349 ACCUFLUOR CFx 3000951 LA-951 ACETEM E 472 A 1161 LA-1161 ACRAWAX 1162 LA-1162 ACRAWAX C 22 LA-22 ACRYLAMIDE23 LA-23 ACRYLATE LP 10466/37N 1427 LA-1427 ACRYLOID 10171428 LA-1428 ACRYLOID 10191429 LA-1429 ACRYLOID 1501430 LA-1430 ACRYLOID 9541267 LA-1267 ACTIV 8640 LA-640 ACTRAFOS SA-216641 LA-641 ACTRAFOS SN-315642 LA-642 ACTRAFOS SP-407643 LA-643 ACTRALUBE 1200644 LA-644 ACTRALUBE 310645 LA-645 ACTRALUBE SYN-147646 LA-646 ACTRALUBE SYN-1531184 LA-1184 ADDITIN 301336 LA-1336 ADDITIN 63401337 LA-1337 ADDITIN M 100181338 LA-1338 ADDITIN M 100461339 LA-1339 ADDITIN M 100651340 LA-1340 ADDITIN M 101071341 LA-1341 ADDITIN M 101091342 LA-1342 ADDITIN M 101481375 LA-1375 ADDITIN M 101571343 LA-1343 ADDITIN M 101671344 LA-1344 ADDITIN M 101801345 LA-1345 ADDITIN M 101821346 LA-1346 ADDITIN M 102181347 LA-1347 ADDITIN M 102461348 LA-1348 ADDITIN M 102481349 LA-1349 ADDITIN M 102531392 LA-1392 ADDITIN M 102561350 LA-1350 ADDITIN M 102771351 LA-1351 ADDITIN M 103191352 LA-1352 ADDITIN R 22701353 LA-1353 ADDITIN R 44101354 LA-1354 ADDITIN R 4412 F 1355 LA-1355 ADDITIN RC 103151356 LA-1356 ADDITIN RC 12851368 LA-1368 ADDITIN RC 15291357 LA-1357 ADDITIN RC 19751360 LA-1360 ADDITIN RC 2001; BECROSAN SSE151358 LA-1358 ADDITIN RC 2003 H1359 LA-1359 ADDITIN RC 24101360 LA-1360 ADDITIN RC 24151361 LA-1361 ADDITIN RC 24171362 LA-1362 ADDITIN RC 24191363 LA-1363 ADDITIN RC 25261365 LA-1365 ADDITIN RC 3004; ADDITIN RC30061364 LA-1364 ADDITIN RC 30381365 LA-1365 ADDITIN RC 30481366 LA-1366 ADDITIN RC 30801367 LA-1367 ADDITIN RC 31601368 LA-1368 ADDITIN RC 31801369 LA-1369 ADDITIN RC 32121370 LA-1370 ADDITIN RC 37401371 LA-1371 ADDITIN RC 37411345 LA-1345 ADDITIN RC 37601372 LA-1372 ADDITIN RC 37601373 LA-1373 ADDITIN RC 37701356 LA-1356 ADDITIN RC 40031374 LA-1374 ADDITIN RC 41201375 LA-1375 ADDITIN RC 42201376 LA-1376 ADDITIN RC 48011377 LA-1377 ADDITIN RC 49011378 LA-1378 ADDITIN RC 49021379 LA-1379 ADDITIN RC 63011380 LA-1380 ADDITIN RC 63401381 LA-1381 ADDITIN RC 70101382 LA-1382 ADDITIN RC 71101383 LA-1383 ADDITIN RC 71301384 LA-1384 ADDITIN RC 71351385 LA-1385 ADDITIN RC 71401371 LA-1371 ADDITIN RC 71411386 LA-1386 ADDITIN RC 85001593 LA-1593 ADDITIN RC 92011387 LA-1387 ADDITIN RC 92021388 LA-1388 ADDITIN RC 92041389 LA-1389 ADDITIN RC 93011390 LA-1390 ADDITIN RC 93031391 LA-1391 ADDITIN RC M 102481392 LA-1392 ADDITIN RC M 1025624 LA-24 ADDITIVE 730324 LA-24 ADDITIVE 7303 ex KIMES 25 LA-25 ADDITIVE 901026 LA-26 ADDITIVE 901527 LA-27 ADDITIVE 902528 LA-28 ADDITIVE 905629 LA-29 ADDITOL XL 480668 LA-668 AEROSOL 501669 LA-669 AEROSOL A 102 (DRIED RESIDUE)670 LA-670 AEROSOL OT671 LA-671 AEROSOL OT-70 AE672 LA-672 AEROSOL OT-70 AE (DRIEDRESIDUE)1281 LA-1281 AGERITE SPAR (FORMERLY)310 LA-310 AKRO-GEL311 LA-311 AKROCHEM SILICONE EMULSION350 CONC.312 LA-312 AKROCHEM SILICONE FLUID 350313 LA-313 AKROCHEM ZINC STEARATE 524 LA-524 AKYPO AH 400525 LA-525 AKYPO MB 2621 S 526 LA-526 AKYPO RO 50527 LA-527 AKYPO RO 90528 LA-528 AKYPO TEC-AM 30 LA-30 AKYPOGENE SO 1793 LA-1793 ALFOL 12141794 LA-1794 ALFOL 1216647 LA-647 ALFOL 18233 LA-233 ALKAMULS 200 MO; MAPEG 200MO; PEGOSPERSE 200 MO; RADIA-© 2002. Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved.SURF 7402238 LA-238 ALKAMULS 600 MO; EMEREST2660; MAPEG 600 MO; RADIASURF 7404240 LA-240 ALKAMULS PEMO; RADIASURF 7156343 LA-343 ALKASURF CO-20344 LA-344 ALKASURF CO-30345 LA-345 ALKASURF CO-40M31 LA-31 ALKYLENE DIAMINE SULFONATE 461 LA-461 ALOF 0604350 LA-350 ALOX 165351 LA-351 ALOX 1689352 LA-352 ALOX 1805353 LA-353 ALOX 2019 A 354 LA-354 ALOX 2028355 LA-355 ALOX 2028 L 356 LA-356 ALOX 2116357 LA-357 ALOX 2162358 LA-358 ALOX 2201359 LA-359 ALOX 2211 Y 360 LA-360 ALOX 2213 C 361 LA-361 ALOX 2278362 LA-362 ALOX 2283363 LA-363 ALOX 2287364 LA-364 ALOX 2290 A 365 LA-365 ALOX 311F 366 LA-366 ALOX 319F 367 LA-367 ALOX 350368 LA-368 ALOX 365369 LA-369 ALOX 575370 LA-370 ALOX 606-55371 LA-371 ALOX 904372 LA-372 ALOX 940184 LA-184 alpha-ISOPHORONE; 3,5,5-TRIMETHYL-2-CYCLOHEXEN-1-ONE;1,5,5-TRIMETHYL-3-OXOCYCLOHEX-ENE; 1,3,3-TRIMETHYLCYCLOHEX-EN-5-ONE; ISOFORON; ISOACE-TOPHORONE6 LA-6 alpha-METHYLNAPHTHALENE 32 LA-32 alpha-TOCOPHEROL 33 LA-33 ALUGEL 30 DT a 34 LA-34 ALUGEL 34 TH35 LA-35 ALUMINUM ISO-PROPYLATE 36 LA-36 ALUMINUM ISOPROPOXIDE 37 LA-37 ALUMINUM ISOSTEARATE 38 LA-38 ALUMINUM STEARATE39 LA-39 ALUMINUM STEARATE 5071798 LA-1798 ALUMINUM STEARATE EA FOODGRADE1818 LA-1818 ALUMINUM STEARATE NO. 221799 LA-1799 ALUMINUM STEARATE NO. 3040 LA-40 AMIDE 270-141 LA-41 AMIDE 270-242 LA-42 AMIDE 270-343 LA-43 AMIDE KDK 44 LA-44 AMIDE ODV 585 LA-585 AMINE O 45 LA-45 AMINE PAN47 LA-47 AMMONIUM METAVANADATE 46 LA-46 AMMONIUM SULFONATE 47 LA-47 AMMONIUM VANADATE 391 LA-391 AMOCO 1083445 LA-445 AMOCO 1087; AMOCO 1088; AMOCO1099; AMOCO 1100; AMOCO 1110410 LA-410 AMOCO 1146; LUBRIZOL 1360392 LA-392 AMOCO 1193393 LA-393 AMOCO 1281394 LA-394 AMOCO 1474395 LA-395 AMOCO 1570396 LA-396 AMOCO 1580397 LA-397 AMOCO 1587398 LA-398 AMOCO 160399 LA-399 AMOCO 1675400 LA-400 AMOCO 1696457 LA-457 AMOCO 1704401 LA-401 AMOCO 1706402 LA-402 AMOCO 1785403 LA-403 AMOCO 1823404 LA-404 AMOCO 187405 LA-405 AMOCO 187 V 406 LA-406 AMOCO 188407 LA-407 AMOCO 1911417 LA-417 AMOCO 193; AMOCO PCE 1-0071408 LA-408 AMOCO 1937409 LA-409 AMOCO 1966408 LA-408 AMOCO 197410 LA-410 AMOCO 198411 LA-411 AMOCO 1986412 LA-412 AMOCO 202413 LA-413 AMOCO 2082414 LA-414 AMOCO 2082 MODIFIED 415 LA-415 AMOCO 2096416 LA-416 AMOCO 2115417 LA-417 AMOCO 2115-1418 LA-418 AMOCO 2119419 LA-419 AMOCO 2136420 LA-420 AMOCO 2187 M 421 LA-421 AMOCO 2201423 LA-423 AMOCO 2201429 LA-429 AMOCO 2201 (UPDATED VERSION)422 LA-422 AMOCO 2214423 LA-423 AMOCO 2217424 LA-424 AMOCO 2232425 LA-425 AMOCO 2239426 LA-426 AMOCO 2244427 LA-427 AMOCO 2251428 LA-428 AMOCO 2254429 LA-429 AMOCO 2268430 LA-430 AMOCO 2283431 LA-431 AMOCO 2284432 LA-432 AMOCO 2327433 LA-433 AMOCO 2359434 LA-434 AMOCO 2394435 LA-435 AMOCO 2439436 LA-436 AMOCO 377437 LA-437 AMOCO 414438 LA-438 AMOCO 417439 LA-439 AMOCO 420440 LA-440 AMOCO 4641603 LA-1603 AMOCO 470441 LA-441 AMOCO 572442 LA-442 AMOCO 591443 LA-443 AMOCO 595444 LA-444 AMOCO 6555 (IMPROVED VERSION)444 LA-444 AMOCO 6555 D 445 LA-445 AMOCO 661391 LA-391 AMOCO 705446 LA-446 AMOCO 710447 LA-447 AMOCO 714448 LA-448 AMOCO 720449 LA-449 AMOCO 722 M 450 LA-450 AMOCO 742251 LA-251 AMOCO 742; AMOCO 9030451 LA-451 AMOCO 749450 LA-450 AMOCO 9030438 LA-438 AMOCO 9217452 LA-452 AMOCO 9217440 LA-440 AMOCO 9231 M 453 LA-453 AMOCO 9243© 2002. 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All Rights Reserved.454 LA-454 AMOCO 9243 M 455 LA-455 AMOCO 9250456 LA-456 AMOCO 9310413 LA-413 AMOCO PCE 9-03748 LA-48 AMP 901100 LA-1100 ANDEROL 4951101 LA-1101 ANDEROL 4961102 LA-1102 ANDEROL 5001103 LA-1103 ANDEROL 7501581 LA-1581 ANGLAMOL 321582 LA-1582 ANGLAMOL 331583 LA-1583 ANGLAMOL 6004 A 1584 LA-1584 ANGLAMOL 60051585 LA-1585 ANGLAMOL 60431586 LA-1586 ANGLAMOL 6043 A 1587 LA-1587 ANGLAMOL 6043 B 1588 LA-1588 ANGLAMOL 6043 U 1589 LA-1589 ANGLAMOL 6044 B 1590 LA-1590 ANGLAMOL 60591591 LA-1591 ANGLAMOL 6063 A 1592 LA-1592 ANGLAMOL 60931593 LA-1593 ANGLAMOL 751594 LA-1594 ANGLAMOL 98 A 1595 LA-1595 ANGLAMOL 991748 LA-1748 ANGLAMOL 991596 LA-1596 ANGLAMOL 99 (NEW PROCESS)1596 LA-1596 ANGLAMOL 99 (TH 70792)1597 LA-1597 ANGLAMOL 99 NP1255 LA-1255 ANIMAL OIL; DIPPEL’S OIL; OILOF HARTSHORN; BONE TAR694 LA-694 ANOX 20 AM 695 LA-695 ANOX PP BASE 49 LA-49 ANTARON V 21650 LA-50 ANTARON V 2201012 LA-1012 ANTAROX CO 8501013 LA-1013 ANTAROX CO 8871014 LA-1014 ANTAROX CO 887 (DRIED RESIDUE)51 LA-51 ANTIMOUSSE 41652 LA-52 ANTIMOUSSE BYK-05153 LA-53 ANTIMOUSSE BYK-05254 LA-54 ANTIMOUSSE BYK-05355 LA-55 ANTIMOUSSE BYK-05751 LA-51 ANTIMOUSSE RHODORSIL 41656 LA-56 ANTIMOUSSE SAG 10057 LA-57 ANTIMOUSSE SILICON FLUIDF111/10000058 LA-58 ANTIMOUSSE WACKER 100000 SH 58 LA-58 ANTIMOUSSE WACKER SH 59 LA-59 ANTIOXYDANT MO 141373 LA-373 AQUALOX 232374 LA-374 AQUALOX 232 F 375 LA-375 AQUALOX 232 H311 LA-311 AQUEOUS EMULSION OF SILICONEFLUID1260 LA-1260 ARACHIS OIL; GROUNDNUT OIL;KATCHUNG OIL1251 LA-1251 ARISTOL A 1252 LA-1252 ARISTOL E382 LA-382 ARKOPAL N-040383 LA-383 ARKOPAL N-090316 LA-316 ARMID O458 LA-458 ARMOSTAT 2000459 LA-459 ARMOSTAT 400460 LA-460 ASADENE 5560 LA-60 ASCORBYL PALMITATE 1117 LA-1117 ATLAS G-3300 B 1112 LA-1112 ATMER 10071113 LA-1113 ATMER 10251114 LA-1114 ATMER 10401115 LA-1115 ATMER 1221130 LA-1130 ATMER 1631131 LA-1131 ATMER 1651132 LA-1132 ATRUST 9013204 LA-204 AZELAIC ACID, LITHIUM SALT;LITHIUM NONANEDIATE; NONANE-DIOIC ACID, LITHIUM SALT61 LA-61 AZODICARBONAMIDE 62 LA-62 BA PETRONATE1800 LA-1800 BA SULFONATE 16051800 LA-1800 BA SULFOPETRONATE 16051393 LA-1393 BARAGEL63 LA-63 BARIUM PETRONATE 856 LA-856 BASE ML 857 LA-857 BASE MT509 LA-509 BECROSAN 2085510 LA-510 BECROSAN 476511 LA-511 BECROSAN 6920512 LA-512 BECROSAN 693064 LA-64 BEESWAX65 LA-65 BEHENAMIDE B 1834 LA-1834 BENOL1232 LA-1232 BENTONE 341233 LA-1233 BENTONE SD-11393 LA-1393 BENTONITE1084 LA-1084 BENZENE PROPANOIC ACID 255 LA-255 BENZOIC ACID, SODIUM SALT 66 LA-66 BEST WHITE TALLOW75 LA-75 BHA; (1,1-DIMETHYLETHYL)-4-METHOXYPHENOL; 2(3)-tert-BUTYL-4-HYDROXYANISOLE;ANTRANCINE 12; EMBANOX;NIPANTIOX 1-F; SUSTANE 1-F;TENOX BHA76 LA-76 BHT; 2,6-BIS(1,1-DIMETHYLETHYL)-4-METHYLPHENOL;2,6-DI-tert-BUTYL-p-CRESOL;2,6-DI-tert-BUTYL-4-METHYLPHE-NOL; ANTRANCINE 8; TENOX BHT;IONOL CP; SUSTANE; DALPAC;IMPRUVOL; VIANOL1147 LA-1147 BIOBAN CS 1220377 LA-377 BIOCARE POLYMER HA-24378 LA-378 BIOCARE SA67 LA-67 BIS (2-ETHYLHEXYL) HYDROGENPHOSPHITE67 LA-67 BIS (2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHOSPHITE;PHOSPHONIC ACID, BIS(2-ETHYL-HEXYL) ESTER120 LA-120 BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ADIPATE;DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ADIPATE; DOA;HEXANEDIOIC ACID, BIS(2-ETHYL-HEXYL) ESTER; HEXANEDIOIC ACID, DIOCTYL ESTER; ADIPIC ACID, BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER;PLASTHALL DOA110 LA-110 BIS(PHENYLMETHYL) DISULFIDE;BENZYL DISULFIDE; alpha-(BEN-ZYLDITHIO)TOLUENE; DI(PHENYL-METHYL)DISULFIDE.279 LA-279 BIS[2-(2-METHOXYETHOXY)ETHYL]ETHER; 2,5,8,11,14-PEN-TAOXAPENTADECANE; DIMETHOXYTE-TRAETHYLENE GLYCOL; TETRAGLY-ME; ANSUL ETHER 18168 LA-68 BLOWN RAPESEED OIL191 LA-191 BOLUS ALBA; CHINA CLAY; POCE-LAIN CLAY; WHITE BOLE;ARGILLA1255 LA-1255 BONE OIL69 LA-69 BORACIC ACID; ORTHOBORIC© 2002. Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. All Rights Reserved.ACID; BOROFAX69 LA-69 BORIC ACID485 LA-485 BP ADIBIS ADX 1667486 LA-486 BP ADIBIS ADX 2281 A 487 LA-487 BP ADIBIS ADX 2281 B 488 LA-488 BP ADIBIS ADX 2281 B 487 LA-487 BP ADIBIS ADX 2281 C 488 LA-488 BP ADIBIS ADX 2281 C 91 LA-91 BRAZIL WAX 92 LA-92 BRAZIL WAX489 LA-489 BREOX OSIL 220490 LA-490 BREOX OSIL 70270 LA-70 BTDA496 LA-496 BUBREAK 448497 LA-497 BUBREAK 453267 LA-267 BUTANEDIOIC ACID; AMBER ACID;ETHYLENESUCCINIC ACID; ASUCCIN77 LA-77 BUTYL ACID PHOSPHATE; ACIDBUTYL PHOSPHATE; n-BUTYLPHOS-PHORIC ACID217 LA-217 BUTYL ALCOHOL; n-BUTYL ALCO-HOL; 1-BUTANOL; BUTAN-1-OL;PROPYL CARBINOL71 LA-71 BUTYL CELLOSOLVE ACETATE 72 LA-72 BUTYL DIGLYCOL 73 LA-73 BUTYL DIOXITOL1553 LA-1553 BUTYL DIOXITOL; BUTYL DIGLY-COL; BUTYL CARBITOL74 LA-74 BUTYL GLYCOL ETHER 73 LA-73 BUTYL OXITOL112 LA-112 BUTYL PHOSPHITE; BUTYL ALCO-HOL, HYDROGEN PHOSPHITE;PHOSPHONIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTER; PHOSPHOROUS ACID,DIBUTYL ESTER1282 LA-1282 BUTYL ZIMATE75 LA-75 BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE 76 LA-76 BUTYLATED HYDROXYTOLUENE16 LA-16 BUTYLETHYLACETIC ACID; 2-ETH-YLHEXOIC ACID; 3-HEPTANECAR-BOXYLIC ACID; alpha-ETHYL-CAPROIC ACID77 LA-77 BUTYLPHOSPHORIC ACID 498 LA-498 BYK-18178 LA-78 C.B.S.660 LA-660 C10-C30 CHOLESTEROL/LANOSTEROLESTER499 LA-499 CAB-O-SIL79 LA-79 CALCIUM BEHENATE79 LA-79 CALCIUM DOCOSANOATE;DOCOSANOIC ACID, CALCIUM SALT392 LA-392 CALCIUM PHENOXIDE; CALCIUMCARBOLATE; CALCIUM PHENOLATE;CALCIUM PHENYLATE514 LA-514 CALCIUM RICINOLEATE 80 LA-80 CALCIUM STEARATE 1088 LA-1088 CALCIUM STEARATE 1819 LA-1819 CALCIUM STEARATE F1038 LA-1038 CALCIUM STEARATE L-1551801 LA-1801 CALCIUM STEARATE PC81 LA-81 CALCIUM SULFONATE 639082 LA-82 CALCIUM SULFONATE 694083 LA-83 CALCIUM SULFONATE 694784 LA-84 CALCIUM SULFONATE NEUTRAL AW 84 LA-84 CALCIUM SULFONATE NEUTRAL AW(KIMES)85 LA-85 CALCIUM SULFONATE NEUTRAL MW 85 LA-85 CALCIUM SULFONATE NEUTRAL MW(KIMES)86 LA-86 CALCIUM SULFONATE S 30687 LA-87 CALCIUM SULFONATE SB 169988 LA-88 CALCIUM SULFONATE SUPERBASIC 500 LA-500 CAMIE 100501 LA-501 CAMIE 1000B 502 LA-502 CAMIE 50B 503 LA-503 CAMIE 510504 LA-504 CAMIE 600B 505 LA-505 CAMIE 610506 LA-506 CAMIE 888507 LA-507 CAMIE 999508 LA-508 CAMIE A10001010 LA-1010 CANDELILLA1010 LA-1010 CANDELILLA WAX 1149 LA-1149 CAPMUL GMS 89 LA-89 CAPRIC ACID1150 LA-1150 CAPROL 10G-10-O 90 LA-90 CAPRYLIC ACID228 LA-228 CAPRYLIC ACID; OCTIC ACID; n-OCTOIC ACID; NEO-FAT 8; 1-HEPTANECARBOXYLIC ACID1546 LA-1546 CARBOPOL 172091 LA-91 CARNAUBA WAX T192 LA-92 CARNAUBA WAX T3513 LA-513 CAROMAX 2678 LA-78 CBS93 LA-93 CELLOSIZE EP 30094 LA-94 CEMULSOL AP 95 LA-95 CEMULSOL NP 1296 LA-96 CEMULSOL NP 61790 LA-1790 CENWAX R1241 LA-1241 CERAMER 16081133 LA-1133 CERECLOR 63 L 1048 LA-1048 CETIOL G-16S 1047 LA-1047 CETIOL G-20S1394 LA-1394 CETYL-STEARYL ALCOHOL 97 LA-97 CHALK274 LA-274 CHALK; CARBONIC ACID, CALCIUMSALT379 LA-379 CHITOSAN PCA98 LA-98 CHLOROPARAFFIN 52 G 99 LA-99 CHLOROPARAFFIN L 52100 LA-100 CHLOROPARAFFIN L 641548 LA-1548 CHLOROTHENE VG101 LA-101 CHLOROTRIMETHYLSILANE (CTMS)231 LA-231 cis-9-OCTADECENAMIDE; OLEYLAMIDE102 LA-102 CITRIC ACID1773 LA-1773 COBRATEC TT-1001256 LA-1256 COLZA OIL1175 LA-1175 CONTRE-TYPE IRGANOX 1076649 LA-649 CRODA RC 371661 LA-661 CRODAMIDE EBO 662 LA-662 CRODAMIDE EBS 663 LA-663 CRODAMIDE ER664 LA-664 CRODAMIDE L-50 R 665 LA-665 CRODAMIDE L-90 R 666 LA-666 CRODAMIDE SR POWDER 667 LA-667 CRODOLENE LB 1120103 LA-103 CRUDE OIL 1268 LA-1268 CUVAN 4841269 LA-1269 CUVAN 826104 LA-104 CYCLOPHOSPHAZENE FLUID 105 LA-105 CYLINDRINE ESSO 106 LA-106 CYLINDRINE NYNAS 381 LA-381 CYMEL 303160 LA-160 D-GLUCOSE; DEXTROSE; BLOODSUGAR; GRAPE SUGAR; CORNSUGAR; DEXTROPUR; DEXTROSOL;GLUCOLIN.1163 LA-1163 DANTOEST DHE-DL© 2002. 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All Rights Reserved.1283 LA-1283 DARVAN L 1159 LA-1159 DBPC252 LA-252 DECANEDIOIC ACID; 1,8-OCTANEDICARBOXYLIC ACID89 LA-89 DECANOIC ACID; HYSTRENE 90101163 LA-1163 DEDM HYDANTOIN DILAURATE 335 LA-335 DEHSCOMID 326107 LA-107 DI-n-BUTYL PHTHALATE 277 LA-277 DI-tert-BUTYL DISULFIDE 108 LA-108 DIACETONE ALCOHOL61 LA-61 DIAZENEDICARBOXAMIDE; 1,1’-AZOBISFORMAMIDE; AZODICARBOX-AMIDE; AZOBISCARBONAMIDE; AZO-BISCARBOXAMIDE; 1,1’-AZOBIS-CARBAMIDE109 LA-109 DIBENZOTHIOPHENE 110 LA-110 DIBENZYL DISULFIDE111 LA-111 DIBUTYL BUTYLPHOSPHONATE 112 LA-112 DIBUTYL HYDROGEN PHOSPHITE 107 LA-107 DIBUTYL PHTHALATE; PHTHALICACID, DIBUTYL ESTER;1,2-BEN-ZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTER; o-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIBUTYL ESTER; DBP113 LA-113 DIDP114 LA-114 DIDP (DRIED RESIDUE)115 LA-115 DIETHYL CARBITOL 116 LA-116 DIETHYL PHTHALATE117 LA-117 DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DIMETHYLETHER122 LA-122 DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYLETHER; CARBITOL; DOWANOL DE;2-(2-ETHOXYETHOXY)ETHANOL;ETHYL DIGOL117 LA-117 DIGLYME; 1,1’-OXYBIS[2-METHOXYETHANNE]; BIS(2-METHOXYETHYL) ETHER114 LA-114 DIISODECYL PHTHALATE113 LA-113 DIISODECYL PHTHALATE; REOMOLDIDP118 LA-118 DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYLAMINE261 LA-261 DIMETHYLBENZENESULFONIC ACID,SODIUM SALT; XYLENESULFONIC ACID, SODIUM SALT674 LA-674 DIMETHYLSILOXANE 675 LA-675 DIMETHYLSILOXANE 676 LA-676 DIMETHYLSILOXANE 119 LA-119 DINORAMOX S3120 LA-120 DIOCTYL ADIPATE124 LA-124 DIOCTYL PHTHALATE; BIS(2-ETH-YLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; 1,2-BEN-ZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ESTER; OCTOIL121 LA-121 DIONIL SH 100122 LA-122 DIOXITOL 1550 LA-1550 DIOXITOL109 LA-109 DIPHENYLENE SULFIDE 123 LA-123 DISCOTECH 5898483 LA-483 DISFLAMOL DPK210 LA-210 DISODIUM EDETATE; DIEDETATEDISODIUM; SODIUM ETHYLENEDI-AMINETETRAACETATE; EDTA DIS-ODIUM; EDATHAMIL DISODIUM;TETRACEMATE DISODIUM1065 LA-1065 DISPONIL AEP 95251066 LA-1066 DISPONIL AEP 9525 (DRIEDRESIDUE)1067 LA-1067 DISPONIL AES 211068 LA-1068 DISPONIL AES 21 (DRIEDRESIDUE)1069 LA-1069 DISPONIL AES 60 (DRIEDRESIDUE)1070 LA-1070 DISPONIL AES 72 (DRIEDRESIDUE)125 LA-125 DISTEARYL THIODIPROPIONATE;DIOCTADECYL THIODIPROPIONATE;3,3’-THIODIPROPIONIC ACID,DIOCTADECYL ESTER118 LA-118 DMAPA; 3-DIMETHYLAMINO-1-PROPYLAMINE; N,N-DIMETHYL-1,3-DIAMINOPROPANE; N,N-DIMETHYL-1,3-PROPANEDIAMINE1494 LA-1494 DOBANOL 25-365 LA-65 DOCOSANAMIDE198 LA-198 DODECYL ALCOHOL 3 OE 124 LA-124 DOP (DIOCTYL PHTHALATE)1549 LA-1549 DOW 651 A674 LA-674 DOW CORNING 200 FLUID 30000CS675 LA-675 DOW CORNING 200 SILICONEFLUID 12500 CS676 LA-676 DOW CORNING 200 SILICONEFLUID 350 CS677 LA-677 DOW CORNING 203 FLUID678 LA-678 DOW CORNING 544 ANTIFOAM COM-POUND679 LA-679 DOW CORNING ANTIFOAM 1510680 LA-680 DOW CORNING ANTIFOAM 1520681 LA-681 DOW CORNING DB (EU) ANTIFOAMCOMPOUND681 LA-681 DOW CORNING DB ANTIFOAM COM-POUND682 LA-682 DOW CORNING FS 1265 FLUID1000 CS1550 LA-1550 DOWANOL DE 1551 LA-1551 DOWANOL DM 1552 LA-1552 DOWANOL DPM 1553 LA-1553 DOWANOL EB 1554 LA-1554 DOWANOL EE 1555 LA-1555 DOWANOL EM 1556 LA-1556 DOWANOL PIB-T 1557 LA-1557 DOWANOL PM 1558 LA-1558 DOWANOL PPH 1559 LA-1559 DOWANOL TMH 1560 LA-1560 DOWANOL TPM 1561 LA-1561 DOWFAX 2A11562 LA-1562 DOWFAX 2A1 (DRIED RESIDUE)284 LA-284 DOWICIDE A; SODIUM ortho-PHENYL PHENATE, TETRAHYDRATE;NATRIPHENE; SODIUM PHENYL PHENOLATE, TETRAHYDRATE1511 LA-1511 DREWMULSE GMO 1581 LA-1581 DRIVEROL G 125 LA-125 DSTDP318 LA-318 DUOMEEN TDO 1006 LA-1006 DURAD 220 X322 LA-322 DURAPHOS AP-230323 LA-323 DURAPHOS AP-3201118 LA-1118 DURASYN 168788 LA-788 ECA 10862789 LA-789 ECA 10869790 LA-790 ECA 11091791 LA-791 ECA 11171792 LA-792 ECA 11171 X 793 LA-793 ECA 11504794 LA-794 ECA 11505795 LA-795 ECA 11507796 LA-796 ECA 11566797 LA-797 ECA 11581798 LA-798 ECA 11745© 2002. 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All Rights Reserved.799 LA-799 ECA 11829800 LA-800 ECA 11981801 LA-801 ECA 12278802 LA-802 ECA 12346803 LA-803 ECA 12347804 LA-804 ECA 12406805 LA-805 ECA 12447806 LA-806 ECA 12450807 LA-807 ECA 12466808 LA-808 ECA 12467809 LA-809 ECA 12930810 LA-810 ECA 12952811 LA-811 ECA 13550812 LA-812 ECA 13551813 LA-813 ECA 14461814 LA-814 ECA 15088815 LA-815 ECA 15377 C 816 LA-816 ECA 15377 X 817 LA-817 ECA 4428818 LA-818 ECA 4892819 LA-819 ECA 5257820 LA-820 ECA 5323821 LA-821 ECA 5804822 LA-822 ECA 5868823 LA-823 ECA 5920824 LA-824 ECA 6330825 LA-825 ECA 6718826 LA-826 ECA 6846827 LA-827 ECA 6990828 LA-828 ECA 7955829 LA-829 ECA 8139830 LA-830 ECA 8182831 LA-831 ECA 8283832 LA-832 ECA 8344833 LA-833 ECA 8375834 LA-834 ECA 8382835 LA-835 ECA 8515836 LA-836 ECA 9605126 LA-126 EDENOL B 3161071 LA-1071 EDENOR 24651072 LA-1072 EDENOR C10 R 1073 LA-1073 EDENOR C8 R 1074 LA-1074 EDENOR VP 23861075 LA-1075 EDENOR VP 24421076 LA-1076 EDENOR VP 25191077 LA-1077 EDENOR VP 2676688 LA-688 ELAST-O-SPERSE PLC (PET)-721563 LA-1563 ELCO 1261564 LA-1564 ELCO 1481565 LA-1565 ELCO 21566 LA-1566 ELCO 31567 LA-1567 ELCO 3181568 LA-1568 ELCO 3191569 LA-1569 ELCO 330A 1570 LA-1570 ELCO 3451650 LA-1650 ELCO 3451571 LA-1571 ELCO 3551572 LA-1572 ELCO 3911573 LA-1573 ELCO 4681574 LA-1574 ELCO 4981575 LA-1575 ELCO 71576 LA-1576 ELCO 75A1577 LA-1577 ELCO L-412371578 LA-1578 ELCO L-418811579 LA-1579 ELCO L-429281580 LA-1580 ELCO SCL 689 LA-689 ELF AC 103858 LA-858 EM-90859 LA-859 EM-94001820 LA-1820 EMCOL CC-421802 LA-1802 EMCOL K 83001803 LA-1803 EMCOL K 8300 (DRIED RESIDUE)1050 LA-1050 EMEREST 23011051 LA-1051 EMEREST 23081052 LA-1052 EMEREST 23101053 LA-1053 EMEREST 23141054 LA-1054 EMEREST 23161055 LA-1055 EMEREST 23251056 LA-1056 EMEREST 23881057 LA-1057 EMEREST 26241058 LA-1058 EMEREST 26251059 LA-1059 EMEREST 26301060 LA-1060 EMEREST 26321061 LA-1061 EMEREST 26441062 LA-1062 EMERSOL 2131063 LA-1063 EMERSOL 2211119 LA-1119 EMKARATE 10901120 LA-1120 EMKARATE 12201121 LA-1121 EMKARATE 31101122 LA-1122 EMKARATE 81301123 LA-1123 EMKARATE DIDA 1124 LA-1124 EMKARATE ITDM 1125 LA-1125 EMKARATE RL 4111134 LA-1134 EMKAROX DA 01-4101135 LA-1135 EMKAROX DA 11-1451136 LA-1136 EMKAROX FC 31/450001137 LA-1137 EMKAROX HP 2201138 LA-1138 EMKAROX HV 1651139 LA-1139 EMKAROX HV 201140 LA-1140 EMKAROX HV 451141 LA-1141 EMKAROX VG 132 W 1142 LA-1142 EMKAROX VG 217 W 1143 LA-1143 EMKAROX VG 680 W 1821 LA-1821 EMPHOS CS-1511822 LA-1822 EMPHOS F27-851823 LA-1823 EMPHOS PS-1211824 LA-1824 EMPHOS PS-220324 LA-324 EMPICRYL 6052325 LA-325 EMPICRYL 6054326 LA-326 EMPICRYL 6058327 LA-327 EMPICRYL 6058 L 328 LA-328 EMPICRYL 6059329 LA-329 EMPICRYL 6078330 LA-330 EMPICRYL 6113331 LA-331 EMPICRYL HV 130332 LA-332 EMPICRYL HV 226333 LA-333 EMPICRYL PT 1544336 LA-336 EMPIGEN 5107336 LA-336 EMPIGEN BB 334 LA-334 EMPILAN CDE 335 LA-335 EMPILAN D 2326337 LA-337 EMPIMIN 3593 M 338 LA-338 EMPIMIN OT 75464 LA-464 EMULAN EL127 LA-127 EMULGATOR 2031128 LA-128 EMULGATOR EM 200129 LA-129 EMULGATOR I130 LA-130 EMULGATOR NL 08065-1131 LA-131 EMULGATOR-CHEMIE X-2000132 LA-132 EMULPAR N133 LA-133 EMULSAMINE L 60384 LA-384 EMULSOGEN A 385 LA-385 EMULSOGEN E 386 LA-386 EMULSOGEN M 387 LA-387 EMULSOGEN S 491 LA-491 ENERFLEX 81134 LA-134 EPOIL ADDITIVE 2354135 LA-135 EPOIL GS 14136 LA-136 EPOIL HD 10137 LA-137 EPOIL HD 15© 2002. 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All Rights Reserved.138 LA-138 EPOIL NS 12139 LA-139 EPOIL NSD 16140 LA-140 EPOIL S 17 A 141 LA-141 EPOIL SD 16663 LA-663 ERUCIC ACID AMIDE 142 LA-142 ESTABEX 2307143 LA-143 ESTEROL 10 S 144 LA-144 ESTEROL 18 S 145 LA-145 ESTOL 1435321 LA-321 ETHANOX 330119 LA-119 ETHOXY DINORAM S; POLYETHOXY-LATED N-TALLOW PROPYLENE DIAMINE (3 EO)225 LA-225 ETHOXYLATED NONYLPHENOL; CAR-SONON N-4; TERIC N-4718 LA-718 ETHYL 702 ND 616 LA-616 ETHYL 7031550 LA-1550 ETHYL DIGLYCOL116 LA-116 ETHYL PHTHALATE; PHTHALICACID, DIETHYL ESTER; 1,2-BEN-ZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID, DIETHYL ESTER; NEANTINE; PALATINOL A;SOLVANOL; PHTHALOL146 LA-146 ETHYL SILICATE186 LA-186 ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOISOPROPYLETHER; 2-ISOPROPOXYETHANOL;ISOPROPYL GLYCOL1171 LA-1171 ETHYLENEBISDIOLEAMIDE 778 LA-778 EXXON HAN1501 LA-1501 F-101 TFE DRYLUBRICANT/RELEASE AGENT782 LA-782 FINASUL 60/516 H; FINASUL60/520 H147 LA-147 FINASUL 60/5201002 LA-1002 FINSOLV BOD 1003 LA-1003 FINSOLV P 1004 LA-1004 FINSOLV SB 1005 LA-1005 FINSOLV TN 656 LA-656 FISH OIL1257 LA-1257 FISH OIL, ETHOXYLATED 148 LA-148 FLUORSILICONOL SLM 22014149 LA-149 FORAL 85150 LA-150 FORCIDE 104 P 151 LA-151 FORCIDE 204152 LA-152 FORCIDE 783 LA-3 FREON 113153 LA-153 FUCHS MC 1506 LA-1506 FYRQUEL EHC 1015 LA-1015 GAFAC PE 5101016 LA-1016 GAFAC RE 960154 LA-154 GAFEN LM-4001844 LA-1844 GAMAPOL N1845 LA-1845 GAMLEN PE 12031395 LA-1395 GARBACRYL 63241396 LA-1396 GARBACRYL 63761397 LA-1397 GARBACRYL 6514/701398 LA-1398 GARBACRYL 65151399 LA-1399 GARBACRYL D 431400 LA-1400 GARBACRYL D 43 (DILUTED TO50% IN 150 SN)1401 LA-1401 GARBACRYL F 451402 LA-1402 GARBACRYL F 481403 LA-1403 GARBACRYL F 48 B 1404 LA-1404 GARBACRYL F 491405 LA-1405 GARBACRYL T 67 S 1406 LA-1406 GARBACRYL T 76 S 1407 LA-1407 GARBACRYL T 78 S 1408 LA-1408 GARBACRYL T 82 S 1409 LA-1409 GARBACRYL T 861410 LA-1410 GARBACRYL T 92155 LA-155 GARBEXOL S 81086 LA-1086 GENAPOL PN-30156 LA-156 GENKLENE N185 LA-185 GLISSODIMINE V; ISOPROPYL(Z)-9-OCTADECENOATE157 LA-157 GLISSOFLUID A 13158 LA-158 GLISSOFLUID A 9159 LA-159 GLISSOVISCAL SGH 152 LA-152 GLOKILL 771835 LA-1835 GLORIA 160 LA-160 GLUCOSE161 LA-161 GLUTARIC ANHYDRIDE 162 LA-162 GLYCERINE163 LA-163 GLYCEROL MONOSTEARATE871 LA-871 GLYCEROL TRIESTERS C8/C10164 LA-164 GLYCEROL TRIOLEATE165 LA-165 GLYCEROL TRIOLEATE 7360163 LA-163 GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE; MONO-STEARIN; OCTADECANOIC ACID MONOESTER WITH 1,2,3-PROPANETRIOL1164 LA-1164 GLYCOLUBE 1001165 LA-1165 GLYCOLUBE 1101036 LA-1036 GLYCOLUBE 3151166 LA-1166 GLYCOLUBE 6741167 LA-1167 GLYCOLUBE 7401168 LA-1168 GLYCOLUBE 8251169 LA-1169 GLYCOLUBE P 1170 LA-1170 GLYCOLUBE TS 1171 LA-1171 GLYCOLUBE VL 1172 LA-1172 GLYCON G-1001173 LA-1173 GLYCOX PETC 1174 LA-1174 GLYTEX 2731547 LA-1547 GOOD-RITE 3114166 LA-166 H.S.A.1040 LA-1040 HAL-LUB-D 1041 LA-1041 HAL-LUB-N 1042 LA-1042 HALBASE 101043 LA-1043 HALBASE 111044 LA-1044 HALPHOS 1045 LA-1045 HALSTAB 301795 LA-1795 HATCOL 2937167 LA-167 HEXYL CARBITOL 168 LA-168 HEXYLENE GLYCOL 696 LA-696 HITEC 2000697 LA-697 HITEC 2001698 LA-698 HITEC 2205699 LA-699 HITEC 2211700 LA-700 HITEC 2315701 LA-701 HITEC 2523702 LA-702 HITEC 2569703 LA-703 HITEC 2896704 LA-704 HITEC 2915705 LA-705 HITEC 2953706 LA-706 HITEC 312707 LA-707 HITEC 314708 LA-708 HITEC 315709 LA-709 HITEC 317710 LA-710 HITEC 320711 LA-711 HITEC 321712 LA-712 HITEC 336713 LA-713 HITEC 370714 LA-714 HITEC 380715 LA-715 HITEC 403716 LA-716 HITEC 4585717 LA-717 HITEC 4702 (MO 14)718 LA-718 HITEC 4710719 LA-719 HITEC 4727720 LA-720 HITEC 4728721 LA-721 HITEC 4753© 2002. 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