《工程硕士研究生英语综合教程》第二版 王慧莉 课后练习中译英

工硕英语教程下册参考答案工硕《综合教程》下册参考答案Unit 1Language StudyA.1. credentials2. empower3. retarded4. fantasy5. mentality6. comedies7. destination8. perseverance9. passionately 10. best-selling 11. expended/had expended12. electrifying 13. credibility 14. MotivationalB.1. A) utilize B) consumed C) expend D) expanded E) consumedF) utilized2. A) invented B) created C) invented D) create E) inventedF) createdC.1. bestseller2. copies3. success4. book5. for6. business7. habits8. change9. takes 10. management 11. reacting 12. intricate 13. skim 14. annotations 15. feelTranslation A：1.激发积极性的演讲者布赖恩·特雷西相信“你所思考的、感觉到的、所做的，以及所取得的一切成就，其中95%是习惯的结果。

”在这本关于培养新习惯来赚更多钱的指南中，他严格地培养读者如何确立目标、存钱、谋得一个理想的工作、提高生产力、克服唾液等技能。

此书不仅是一本鼓励人们自助成才的好书，而且也是一本如何高效率经商的指南。

特雷西的忠告无论对经理人还是对雇员都是有益的，他的忠告非常具体，读者可以立即付诸行动（例如：“要守时”和“只与你喜欢、钦佩、尊敬，以及想要成为德那种人交往”）。

同时他也注重大目标（例如：“今天就做出重大决定，你将要在数年之后积累超过一百万美元……每一天要为实现这个目标做些什么事情”）。

Unit 11.听到她屡遭失败的消息，我感到很难过。

（distress）It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failure.2.他虽然失去了老板的欢心，但仍然装出一副高兴的样子。

（assume）He assured an air for cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss.3.格列佛（Gulliver）经历了冒险奇遇，见到了各色奇异的人物。

（assortment）Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.4.如果你再犯同样的错误，他会很生你气的（furious）He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.5.我们都被他坦率的观点、幽默的语言和亲切的态度所深深吸引。

（draw）We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner.6.等到欢呼的掌声平息下来，那位诺贝尔奖获得者开始演讲。

（die down）After cheers and applause died down, the Nobel Prize Winner began his speech.7.他天生有一种特别的洞察力和预见力，因此，他很少随大流。

（runwith the crowd）He is gifted with a sore of insight and foresight, so he rarely runs with the crowd.8.我发现现实毕竟是非常严酷的，一个人难以完全按照自己的理想去生活。

《工程硕士研究生英语综合教程》第二版王慧莉课后练习英译中In the October issue of the journal Pediatrics,for instance,researchers at Stanford University released findings from an ongoing study of students at an upper-middle income high school in the San Francisco area.One written survey found that the large majority of students were members of at least one social networking site—81%of them on MySpace. They also found that89%of those students had cellphones,most of them with text and Web surfing capabilities.They are more wired than ever—but they’re also getting warier.Increasingly,they’ve had to deal with online bullies,who are posting anything from unflattering photos to online threats.Privacy issues also are hitting home,most recently when students discovered that personal updates on their Facebook pages were being automatically forwarded to contacts they didn’t necessarily want to have the information.Facebook was forced to let users turn off the data stream after they rebelled.例如，在10月的儿科学期刊上，斯坦福大学的研究人员发布了一项关于旧金山地区中中高收入高中学生的研究结果。

要善于恭维他人，重要的一步就是要懂得为什么恭维会有助于你建立更好的人际关系。

恭维之所以奏效,最根本的原因是恭维符合了人类行为的一个基本原则：人们渴望得到赏识。

尽管文化背景各不相同，但绝大多数人都有类似的想法。

在业洲文化屮，人们对群体赏识的渴求一般要强于对个体赏识的渴求。

但不管怎样，人们渴望赏识是普遍存在的。

An important step in becoming an effective flatterer is to understand why flattery helps you establish better relationships with others. The root cause of the power of flattery gets at a basic principle of human behavior: People crave being appreciated., The vast majority of people are of the similar idea despite different cultures・In Asian cultures the desire for group recognition is generally stronger than the desire for individual recognition. Nevertheless, the need for recognition is present.很多人认为，工作本身带来的乐趣要比外界赏识包括恭维更要重要。

工作的乐趣也许是i种巨大的动力，但是即使是那些从工作中得到极大乐趣的人如科学家、艺术家、摄影师也渴望得到恭维和认可，，否则他们就不会去竞争诺贝尔奖或在重要的展览会上展示他们的作品了。

Many people hold that the joy of work itself is more important than external recognition, including flattery. The joy of work may be a powerful motivator, but even those who get the biggest joy from their work—such as scientists, artists, and photographers 一・crave flattery and recognition. Otherwise they wouldn't compete for Nobel Prizes or enter their work in important exhibitions.恭维之所以奏效，还因为它与人们对认可的正常需要有关。

Unit21:一些学生意识到在网上结交的朋友仅仅能算认识而已,于是,他们就拔掉了自己电脑的电源插座. Some student pulled the plug after realizing that a lot of the online friends they accumulated were really just acquaintances.2:这个教授一直提倡面对面交流,但是他并不反对技术的使用.他认为学生们应该知道使用技术的最适合的时间,地点和原因,所有他已经开始对学生进行限制,严禁他们在课堂上网.This professor is long an advocate of face-to-face communication,although he is no anti-technology.he believes that students should know when,where and for what purpose technology is most appropriate,so he has begun setting his own limits,banning students from surfing the Internet during lectures.3:有些人认为网络上的一切并没有他们当初想象的那么好,所有他们觉得简单的面对面交流可能会更好;另一些人则认为不见面的网络交流可成为日常交流的一个很好的补充手段,因为他们比不使用网络的人有着更大,更紧密的社交圈.Some people hole that nothing on the Internet is as great as they thought,so they wonder if simple face-to-face communication might work better.others regard faceless communication as a supplement to everyday interactions,as they have a larger network of close and significant contacts than non-Internet-users.4:有时,当人们害怕面对面,害怕被拒绝时,短信是一种快捷简便的解决问题的方法.我们可以通过短信取消晚上的约会,这样就可以不用解释;我们也可以通过短信来约别人出来,这样就不会像打电话或面对面亲耳听到别人说”不”时的尴尬.Sometimes,when people have a fear of confrontation and rejection,text messaging is an easy and quick way out.we can cancel a night out with a text message to avoid having to explain.we can also ask for dates via text to escape the humiliation of hearing a“no”on the phone or in person.Unit31:找一份普通的白领工作已经变得极为深奥微妙,充满迂回曲折和错综复杂的问题,让不止一个人来解释资讯总是一件好事.A typical white-collar job search has become so sophisticated,with so many twists and turns and overlapping issues,that it’s nice to have more than one person interpreting that data.2:你从公司内部的一个朋友那里听说,招聘经理是极为古怪的那种人,而且,在你那次灰心丧气的求职经历不久,那位无能的经理就被解雇了.即便如此你的自我心理分析仍然是值得的.选择负责任,尽你所能去改进方法永远都不会是多此一举.You’ve learned from a friend inside the company that the hiring manager was one of those flaky types,and that the shiftless manager was fired soon after your frustrating experience.your self-analysis would still be worthwhile.Choosing responsibility,choosing to improve what you can about your approach,is never wasted effort.3:如果你在整个职业生涯中一直坚持学习和提高,将会怎样?如果你化解每一次令人心灰意冷,不成功的求职面试以提高你在某一个主要方面的熟练程度,将会怎样?如果你下决心将每一次被冒犯和忽略的经理转化为颇具价值的学习过程,又将会怎样?what if you keep improving,and learning,all through your business career?what if you left every frustrating or unsuccessful job interview resolved to improve your proficiency in one key area?what if you resolved that every affront and slur would translate into valuable learning for you?4:你今天下定决心为你的求职负责任,让求职求职过程中的每一步都成为自我提高的机会.you resolved today to take total responsibility for your job search,and make every step in it a chance for personal improvement.Unit61:电子商务可能被定义为“交易双方利用电子手段,前非实际的交流和接触,来进行互动的任何一种商业交易形式one possible definition of electronic commerce would be:"any form of business transaction in which the parties interact electronically rather than by physical exchanges or direct physical contact.2:现代商业的特点是供应能力目益增长,全球竞争日益严峻和客户要求日益苛刻。

Unit 1成功机构，以人为本“我们公司的经营模式是公司和每一位员工共同成功，绝不落下任何人，这也是成功经营一个企业的典范??”——霍华德·舒尔茨1. 英特尔公司奉行它。

微软、摩托罗拉、戈尔、西南航空公司、班杰瑞、惠普、林肯电气以及星巴克也都奉行它。

它是什么？它就是这些公司所奉行的“以人为本”的策略。

2.越来越多的例子证明，成功的组织都是以人为本的。

为什么？因为精明的经理人们已经认识到他们企业的员工才是它们唯一真正的竞争优势。

竞争者可以在产品、工艺、选址、销售渠道等诸多方面与其不相上下，但却很难效仿的是拥有一支由专业素质高和工作动机强的人组成的劳动力队伍。

几乎在所有的行业，那些成功的公司之所以超越它们的对手们，主要的区别就在于他们所能够得到和留住想要的人。

3. 哪些做法才能区分以人为本的公司呢？我们至少可以列出四条：第一，它们重视文化的多样性。

它们根据年龄、性别和种族积极寻求一支多元化的员工队伍。

第二，它们具有家庭氛围。

公司通过为其员工提供灵活的工作时间以及现场托儿服务设施等帮助员工平衡工作和个人职责之间的关系。

第三，它们对员工培训进行投资。

这些公司花费巨资以确保员工的技能水平始终保持最新状态。

这不仅确保员工可以处理该公司的最新技术和工艺，而且还使这样的员工极具市场竞争力。

第四，以人为本的公司将权力下放给员工。

它们将权力和义务下放到公司的最底层。

4. 那些奉行以人为本的组织拥有一支更敬业、更忠诚的工作团队。

因而这样的团队精神转化成了高生产率和工作满意度。

这些员工会愿意做出更大的努力——为了准确彻底地完成他们的工作，他们会全力以赴。

我们来看一看其中的一个因奉行“以人为本”而取得成功的公司：星巴克。

星巴克的卓越成就5. 让你在咖啡中醒来！——星巴克无处不在。

作为世界首屈一指的专业咖啡零售商，星巴克在世界上30多个国家开设和授权开设了8000多家咖啡店。

这些咖啡店销售各种各样的咖啡饮品、食物、咖啡及咖啡用品。

Are We Getting Smarter?我们正变得更聪明吗？IQ scores rose steadily in the 20th century. As scientists search for the reasons, they are shedding new light on the dance between genes and life experience that determines intelligence.在20世纪IQ值稳步上升。

当科学家们寻找原因时，他们试图揭示基因和决定智力的生活经历之间的相互关系。

1 While generations of schoolchildren, military recruits, job applicants and Mensa wannabes have wrestled with IQ questions like these, some smart scientists who study intelligence have been stumped by an even more exasperating puzzle: why have IQ scores been rising? And not rising a little, by a point here and there, but soaring--27 points in Britain since 1942, 24 points in the United States since 1918, 22 points in Argentina since 1964, with comparable gains throughout Western Europe, Canada, Japan, China, Israel, Australia and New Zealand. The rise is so sharp that the average child today is as bright as the near genius of yesteryear. "This shatters our belief about the rigidity of IQ," says psychologist Ulrich Neisser of Cornell University. "It's powerful evidence that you can indeed change it."当在校的孩子、军队的新兵、求职者和向往Mensa协会的人努力解答像这样的IQ问题时，一些聪明的研究智力的科学家一直被另一个更让人困惑的问题困扰：为什么IQ值一直在上升？并且不是上升一点点不是这里升一点那里升一点，而是大幅度上升：英国自从1942年以来增长27个百分点，美国自1918年以来增长24个百分点，阿根廷自1964年以来增长22个百分点，这种增长遍及西欧、加拿大、日本、中国、以色列、澳大利亚和新西兰。

硕士英语综合教程2课后翻译UNIT 11. 探索的魔力会激励我们年轻人去学习数学、科学以及工程学，并为我们培养出新一代的改革者和开拓者。

Thefascination generated by further exploration will inspire our young people to study math, and science, and engineering andcreate a new generation of innovators and pioneers.2. 一回到英国，他就利用媒体的高知名度，作为进入政坛的踏板。

Upon returning to England, he employed the favorable media attention as a launching pad for his foray into politics.3. 由于业务的自然增长，你将会时时处于忙碌的状态，并且必须能够接受倒班，包括在夜间和周末上班。

Owing to thenature of every growing business，you will need to be on thego constantly，and also be on the go prepared to work shift work，including nights and weekends.4. 在澳大利亚，汽油价格也出现下降。

不过，由于澳元兑美元走软，所以澳大利亚汽油降价幅度有限。

In Australia,gasoline prices have retreated, although falls have beenlimited because of the weakness of the Australian dollaragainst its American counterpart.5. 亚洲经济出现了积极的态势，一些国家已经克服金融危机的影响并且恢复发展，亚洲再次成为全球经济增长的焦点。