structolipid(长链中链甘油三酯)
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什么是短链,中链,长链脂肪酸?脂肪酸(fatty acid):是指一端含有一个羧基的长的脂肪族碳氢链。
脂肪酸是最简单的一种脂,它是许多更复杂的脂的成分。
饱和脂肪酸(saturated fatty acid):不含有—C=C—双键的脂肪酸。
不饱和脂肪酸(unsaturated fatty acid):至少含有—C=C—双键的脂肪酸。
必需脂肪酸(occential fatty acid):维持哺乳动物正常生长所必需的,而动物又不能合成的脂肪酸,如亚油酸,亚麻酸。
三脂酰苷油(triacylglycerol):那称为甘油三酯。
一种含有与甘油脂化的三个脂酰基的酯。
脂肪和油是三脂酰甘油的混合物。
磷脂(phospholipid):含有磷酸成分的脂。
如卵磷脂,脑磷脂。
鞘脂(sphingolipid):一类含有鞘氨醇骨架的两性脂,一端连接着一个长连的脂肪酸,另一端为一个极性和醇。
鞘脂包括鞘磷脂,脑磷脂以及神经节苷脂,一般存在于植物和动物细胞膜内,尤其是在中枢神经系统的组织内含量丰富。
鞘磷脂(sphingomyelin):一种由神经酰胺的C-1羟基上连接了磷酸毛里求胆碱(或磷酸乙酰胺)构成的鞘脂。
鞘磷脂存在于在多数哺乳动物动物细胞的质膜内,是髓鞘的主要成分。
卵磷脂(lecithin):即磷脂酰胆碱(PC),是磷脂酰与胆碱形成的复合物。
脑磷脂(cephalin):即磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE),是磷脂酰与乙醇胺形成的复合物。
脂质体(liposome):是由包围水相空间的磷脂双层形成的囊泡(小泡)。
脂肪酸是由碳、氢、氧三种元素组成的一类化合物,是中性脂肪、磷脂和糖脂的主要成分。
根据脂肪酸分子结构中碳链的长度分为短链脂肪酸(碳链中碳原子少于6 个),中链脂肪酸(碳链中碳原子6~12 个)和长链脂肪酸(碳链中碳原子超过12 个)三类。
一般食物所含的脂肪酸大多是长链脂肪酸。
根据碳链中碳原子间双键的数目又可将脂肪酸分为单不饱和脂肪酸(含1 个双键),多不饱和脂肪酸(含1 个以上双键)和饱和脂肪酸(不含双键)三类。
中长链脂肪酸甘油三酯降血脂作用研究莫玉稳;潘丽军;姜绍通;操丽丽【摘要】对自制的中长链脂肪酸甘油三酯进行了餐后血脂实验和小鼠成长实验.餐后血脂实验将36只昆明小鼠随机分为3组,喂养1周.小鼠成长实验将72只小鼠随机分为6组,喂养5周.实验结束时,测定血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,计算脏器指数.结果表明:餐后血脂实验中中长链脂肪酸甘油三酯组的TG显著低于大豆油组并显著高于空白组;小鼠成长实验中中量组和高量组小鼠的体重、TG和LDL-C明显低于猪油组,高量组TG、LDL-C与大豆油组比较显著降低且TC比猪油组显著降低.中长链脂肪酸甘油三酯可以降低长期饲喂小鼠的TG、TC、LDL-C水平,具有降低血脂的作用.【期刊名称】《中国油脂》【年(卷),期】2016(041)007【总页数】4页(P53-56)【关键词】中长链脂肪酸甘油三酯;甘油三酯;总胆固醇;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇【作者】莫玉稳;潘丽军;姜绍通;操丽丽【作者单位】合肥工业大学生物与食品工程学院,安徽省农产品精深加工重点实验室,合肥230009;合肥工业大学生物与食品工程学院,安徽省农产品精深加工重点实验室,合肥230009;合肥工业大学生物与食品工程学院,安徽省农产品精深加工重点实验室,合肥230009;合肥工业大学生物与食品工程学院,安徽省农产品精深加工重点实验室,合肥230009【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TS225.6;R151.3随着生活水平的提高,高脂食品摄入量增加,人们越来越重视肥胖问题并对膳食中脂质营养提出了更高的要求[1]。
日常食用油中甘油三酯骨架上的脂肪酸为长链脂肪酸,中长链脂肪酸甘油三酯则是通过改变脂肪酸在三酰甘油骨架上的组成及位置分布,将中链脂肪酸结合到甘油骨架的1,3位,获得更好营养价值[2]。
中链脂肪酸由8~12个碳原子构成,其不同于长链脂肪酸的转运和代谢机制[3],长链脂肪酸通过乳糜微粒转运至淋巴系统或外周循环,而中链脂肪酸在消化道中被吸收后直接通过门静脉转运到肝脏[4],不需要形成乳糜微粒,无需肉碱脂酰转移酶的转运直接进入肝细胞线粒体内进行β 氧化,不易在脂肪组织和肝组织中蓄积,具有快速消化吸收代谢等特点[5-7]。
脂肪乳氨基酸(17)葡萄糖(11%)注射液说明书【药品名称】通用名:脂肪乳氨基酸(17)葡萄糖(11%)注射液商品名:卡文?/Kabiven?Pl英文名:Fat Enx.lsion. Aminc Acids(17)and Glucose(11)lnjection汉语拼音:Zhifang An jisuan(17)Pu tao tang(11%)Zhusheye本品的包装袋分内袋与外袋,在内袋与外袋之间放置氧吸收剂,内袋由二条可剥离封条分隔成三个独立的腔室,分别装有葡萄糖注射液、氨基酸注射液及脂肪乳注射液。
本品有2400ml、1920ml和1440ml三种包装规格所容葡萄糖注射液、氨基酸注射液和脂肪乳注射液的体积见下表:2400ml 1920ml 1440ml葡萄糖(葡萄糖11%) 1475ml 1180ml 885ml氨基酸(凡命? 18 Novum) 500ml 400ml 300ml脂肪乳(英脱利匹特20%) 425ml 340ml 255ml总能量(Kcal) 1700 1400 1000使用前,须开通可剥离封条并将三个腔室中的液体混合均匀。
本品为复方制剂,每1000ml混合液含:精制大豆油 35g无水葡萄糖 68g丙氨酸 3.3g精氯酸 2.4g门冬氨酸 0.71g苯丙氨酸 1.6g谷氨酸 1.2g甘氨酸 1.6g组氨酸 1.4g异亮氨酸 1.2g亮氨酸 1.6g赖氨酸 1.9g蛋氨酸 1.2g脯氯酸 1.4g丝氨酸 0.94g苏氨酸 1.2g色氨酸 0.40g酷氨酸 0.05g缬氨酸 1.5g甘油磷酸钠(无水) 1.0g氯化钙 0.15g氯化钾 1.2g硫酸镁 0.33g醋酸钠 1.0g折合:氨基酸 24g氮 3.8g脂肪 35 g碳水化合物葡萄糖(无) 68g能量总能量 720kcal非蛋白热卡 620kcal电解质 mmol/L钠 22mmol钾 17mmol镁 2.8mmol钙 1.4mmol磷 7.5 mmol硫酸盐 2.8mmol氯 32mmol醋酸盐 27mmol重量渗透压约830mosm/kg H2O容积渗透压约750mosm/LPH 约5.6【性状】葡萄糖注射液,氨基酸注射液为无色/微黄色的澄明液体,脂肪乳注液为白色乳状液体。
欢迎阅读结构脂肪乳注射液(C6-24)说明书【药品名称】)通用名:结构脂肪乳注射液(C6~24商品名:力文;Structolipid英文名:Structural?Fat?Emulsion?Injection(C6~24)汉语拼音:Jiegou?Zhifangru?Zhusheye(C6~24)【主要成分】MCT)为混MCT。
【性状】本品为白色均匀乳状液体。
【适应症】作为肠外营养的组成部分,提供能量和必需脂肪酸。
【规格】250ml:结构甘油三酯50g【用法与用量】静脉滴注,用于成年患者。
根据患者临床状况及其清除所输脂肪的能力决定滴注剂量和速度。
推荐剂量:按体重一日静脉滴注本品5~7.5ml/kg,相当于1~1.5g甘油三酯/kg;一般于10~24小时内滴注完毕。
滴注速度:不应超过按体重一小时0.75ml/kg,相当于0.15g甘油三酯/kg。
患者清除甘油三酯能力受损后,在过量滴注时,可能发生“脂肪超载综合症”。
严重高脂血症患者,若其临床状况发生突变,如肾功能损害或感染,即使以推荐速度滴注,也可能出现该综合症。
“脂肪超载综合症”的特征为:高脂血症、发热、脂肪浸润、肝肿大、脾肿大、贫血、白细胞减少、血小板减少、凝血障碍及昏迷。
只要停止输注,上述症状一般均能消失。
【禁忌症】已知对鸡蛋或大豆蛋白高度过敏;严重高脂血症;严重肝功能不全;噬红细胞综合症;严重凝血障碍;为避免代谢性酸中毒,本品应与碳水化合物同时输注。
滴注本品后,若血清甘油三酯未被廓清之前采血,某些实验室指标(如胆红素,乳酸脱氢酶,氧饱和度,血红蛋白等)的检测可能受到干扰。
大多数患者的血清脂肪廓清时间为5~6小时。
只有在保证相容性的情况下,才能将其它药品加入到本品中。
添加过程必须保证无菌。
外袋包装应完整,如包装发生破损,不得使用。
滴注后剩余在袋内的输液,不得再用,必须丢弃。
【孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药】不推荐孕妇及哺乳期妇女使用本品。
【儿童用药】不了解将本品应用于儿童的安全性和有效性。
中链甘油三酯的研究进展中链甘油三酯(Medium Chain Triglycerides,简称MCT)是一种特殊的脂肪酸,其脂肪酸链长度在6-12个碳原子之间,与长链甘油三酯(Long Chain Triglycerides,简称LCT)相比,具有较快的吸收和代谢速度。
由于其特殊的生理性质,中链甘油三酯在医学、营养学和药物领域的研究中引起了广泛的关注。
本文将介绍中链甘油三酯的一些研究进展。
首先,中链甘油三酯在治疗一些疾病上显示出了潜在的益处。
例如,在慢性胰腺炎的治疗中,研究表明摄入中链甘油三酯能减轻胰腺的负担,促进脂肪的消化和吸收,从而改善胰腺功能和减轻疼痛。
此外,中链甘油三酯在肥胖和糖尿病患者的体重管理中也显示出潜力,因为与长链甘油三酯相比,中链甘油三酯更容易被分解和利用,减少了脂肪的储存和体重的增加。
其次,中链甘油三酯在营养学上的应用也备受关注。
研究发现,中链甘油三酯在肠道中能够增加胃液的分泌和胃肠蠕动,提高食物的消化和吸收率。
此外,中链甘油三酯还可以被直接转化为能量,增加身体的代谢率。
这些特性使得中链甘油三酯成为一种理想的能量补充剂,适用于运动员和长期卧床的病人等需要额外能量支持的人群。
此外,中链甘油三酯还在药物输送系统中发挥了重要的作用。
由于其高溶解度和低粘度,中链甘油三酯可用作一种理想的溶媒和载体,用于提高药物的溶解度和生物利用度。
研究已经发现中链甘油三酯对于一些高脂溶性药物的吸收和转运有正面的影响,从而提高了药物的疗效和稳定性。
此外,中链甘油三酯还可以通过经口给药的方式输送一些药物,例如抗生素、抗癌药物和抗癫痫药物,提高其生物利用度和治疗效果。
总结起来,中链甘油三酯具有广泛的应用前景,在医学、营养学和药物领域研究中取得了重要进展。
未来的研究还可以探索中链甘油三酯在其他疾病的治疗中的作用,深入了解其分子机制和代谢途径,以及进一步优化其在药物输送系统中的应用。
欢迎阅读结构脂肪乳注射液(C6-24)说明书【药品名称】)通用名:结构脂肪乳注射液(C6~24商品名:力文;Structolipid英文名:Structural?Fat?Emulsion?Injection(C6~24)汉语拼音:Jiegou?Zhifangru?Zhusheye(C6~24)【主要成分】MCT)为混MCT。
【性状】本品为白色均匀乳状液体。
【适应症】作为肠外营养的组成部分,提供能量和必需脂肪酸。
【规格】250ml:结构甘油三酯50g【用法与用量】静脉滴注,用于成年患者。
根据患者临床状况及其清除所输脂肪的能力决定滴注剂量和速度。
推荐剂量:按体重一日静脉滴注本品5~7.5ml/kg,相当于1~1.5g甘油三酯/kg;一般于10~24小时内滴注完毕。
滴注速度:不应超过按体重一小时0.75ml/kg,相当于0.15g甘油三酯/kg。
患者清除甘油三酯能力受损后,在过量滴注时,可能发生“脂肪超载综合症”。
严重高脂血症患者,若其临床状况发生突变,如肾功能损害或感染,即使以推荐速度滴注,也可能出现该综合症。
“脂肪超载综合症”的特征为:高脂血症、发热、脂肪浸润、肝肿大、脾肿大、贫血、白细胞减少、血小板减少、凝血障碍及昏迷。
只要停止输注,上述症状一般均能消失。
【禁忌症】已知对鸡蛋或大豆蛋白高度过敏;严重高脂血症;严重肝功能不全;噬红细胞综合症;严重凝血障碍;为避免代谢性酸中毒,本品应与碳水化合物同时输注。
滴注本品后,若血清甘油三酯未被廓清之前采血,某些实验室指标(如胆红素,乳酸脱氢酶,氧饱和度,血红蛋白等)的检测可能受到干扰。
大多数患者的血清脂肪廓清时间为5~6小时。
只有在保证相容性的情况下,才能将其它药品加入到本品中。
添加过程必须保证无菌。
外袋包装应完整,如包装发生破损,不得使用。
滴注后剩余在袋内的输液,不得再用,必须丢弃。
【孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药】不推荐孕妇及哺乳期妇女使用本品。
【儿童用药】不了解将本品应用于儿童的安全性和有效性。
structolipid(长链中链甘油三酯)Structolipid? 20% Long Chain, Medium Chain Triglycerides Consumer Medicine InformationWhat is in this leaflet This leaflet answers some common questions about Structolipid. It does not contain all the available information. It does not take the place of talking to your doctor or pharmacist.All medicines have risks and benefits. Your doctor has weighed the risks of you taking Structolipid against any benefits they expect it will have for you. Please read this leaflet carefully before using Structolipid 20%. If you have any questions or are unsure about anything, please ask your doctor or pharmacist. Keep this leaflet with the medicine. You may need to read it again.What is Structolipid used for and how does it workStructolipid is a sterile fat emulsion, which provides your body with energy and fatty acids. The active ingredient in Structolipid is purified structured triglyceride. It also contains other ingredients like egg lecithin which is isolated from egg yolk, glycerol and water for injections. Structolipid provides the energy and fatty acids in patients who require intravenous nutrition. Before you are given StructolipidIf the answer to any of the following questions is YES, you should tell your doctor BEFORE using Structolipid.Are you allergic tosoya oil, eggs, peanutsor any of theingredients listed at theend of this leaflet?Are you pregnant ortrying to become pregnant?Are you breastfeeding?Do you have liver or kidney disease?Are you a diabetic? Do you have a disease of the pancreas?Do you have a disorder of the thyroid gland?Are you taking anticoagulants (medicines for preventing blood clotting)?Are you taking any other medicines including any that you buy without a prescription from your pharmacy, supermarket or health food shop. These medicines may affect the action of Structolipid or may affect how well Structolipid works.How is StructolipidgivenThe dose of Structolipid which you will require will be determined by your doctor or pharmacist. Your doctor will supervise your treatment with Structolipid.Side EffectsStructolipid, like all other nutrient solutions which are given intravenously, may cause side effects in some people. All the side effects associated with Structolipid may not yet have been detected.The common (this occurs in more than 1% of people who used it) side effects are nausea, headache and rises in your body temperature.Other side effects (in less than 1% of people who used it) that have occurred during treatment with Structolipid are lower back pain, breathing difficulties (rapid breathing, shortness of breath); increased blood pressure; shivering, dizziness,diarrhoea, rapid pulse,vomiting and rash.If you have these or any otherside effects during treatment,tell your doctor.In case of OverdosageThe symptoms of overdoseinclude fever, abnormalities inblood results, blood clottingdisturbances, enlarged spleenand coma. These symptomsare usually reversible if theinfusion of the fat emulsion isdiscontinued.If you think you or anyone elsehave been given too muchStructolipid, telephone yourdoctor or contact the PoisonsInformation Centre - NewZealand: 0800 764 766.StorageThe expiry date of Structolipid is on the label of the pack. Structolipid should not be used if the expiry date has passed.Structolipid should be stored below 25oC, but not frozen. Do not use Structolipid if it has been frozen.The contents of each bag of Structolipid are for single infusion only. Any unused Structolipid should be discarded. Do not use Structolipid if it is discoloured. Product Description List of other ingredients Structolipid also contains other ingredients such as glycerol, egg lecithin and water for injections.Structolipid does not contain any preservative.Pack sizesStructolipid comes in a 250mL and 500mL bag.Further Information More detailed information is available from your doctor or pharmacist. Therefore, if you have any concerns about the information or about Structolipid ask your doctor or pharmacist.SponsorFresenius Kabi New Zealand Limited60 Pavilion DriveAirport Oaks, Auckland 2022 New ZealandFreecall: 0800 144 892= Registered TrademarkDate of informationThis leaflet was prepared in March, 2010.。
Structolipid® 20% Long Chain, Medium Chain Triglycerides Consumer Medicine InformationWhat is in this leaflet This leaflet answers some common questions about Structolipid. It does not contain all the available information. It does not take the place of talking to your doctor or pharmacist.All medicines have risks and benefits. Your doctor has weighed the risks of you taking Structolipid against any benefits they expect it will have for you. Please read this leaflet carefully before using Structolipid 20%. If you have any questions or are unsure about anything, please ask your doctor or pharmacist. Keep this leaflet with the medicine. You may need to read it again.What is Structolipid used for and how does it workStructolipid is a sterile fat emulsion, which provides your body with energy and fatty acids. The active ingredient in Structolipid is purified structured triglyceride. It also contains other ingredients like egg lecithin which is isolated from egg yolk, glycerol and water for injections. Structolipid provides the energy and fatty acids in patients who require intravenous nutrition. Before you are given StructolipidIf the answer to any of the following questions is YES, you should tell your doctor BEFORE using Structolipid.•Are you allergic tosoya oil, eggs, peanutsor any of theingredients listed at theend of this leaflet?•Are you pregnant ortrying to becomepregnant?•Are youbreastfeeding?•Do you have liver orkidney disease?•Are you a diabetic?•Do you have a diseaseof the pancreas?•Do you have adisorder of the thyroidgland?•Are you takinganticoagulants(medicines forpreventing bloodclotting)?•Are you taking anyother medicinesincluding any that youbuy without aprescription from yourpharmacy,supermarket or healthfood shop. Thesemedicines may affectthe action ofStructolipid or mayaffect how wellStructolipid works.How is StructolipidgivenThe dose of Structolipid whichyou will require will bedetermined by your doctor orpharmacist. Your doctor willsupervise your treatment withStructolipid.Side EffectsStructolipid, like all othernutrient solutions which aregiven intravenously, maycause side effects in somepeople. All the side effectsassociated with Structolipidmay not yet have beendetected.The common (this occurs inmore than 1% of people whoused it) side effects arenausea, headache and rises inyour body temperature.Other side effects (in less than1% of people who used it) thathave occurred during treatmentwith Structolipid are lower backpain, breathing difficulties(rapid breathing, shortness ofbreath); increased bloodpressure; shivering, dizziness,diarrhoea, rapid pulse,vomiting and rash.If you have these or any otherside effects during treatment,tell your doctor.In case of OverdosageThe symptoms of overdoseinclude fever, abnormalities inblood results, blood clottingdisturbances, enlarged spleenand coma. These symptomsare usually reversible if theinfusion of the fat emulsion isdiscontinued.If you think you or anyone elsehave been given too muchStructolipid, telephone yourdoctor or contact the PoisonsInformation Centre - NewZealand: 0800 764 766.StorageThe expiry date of Structolipid is on the label of the pack. Structolipid should not be used if the expiry date has passed.Structolipid should be stored below 25ºC, but not frozen. Do not use Structolipid if it has been frozen.The contents of each bag of Structolipid are for single infusion only. Any unused Structolipid should be discarded. Do not use Structolipid if it is discoloured. Product Description List of other ingredients Structolipid also contains other ingredients such as glycerol, egg lecithin and water for injections.Structolipid does not contain any preservative.Pack sizesStructolipid comes in a 250mL and 500mL bag.Further Information More detailed information is available from your doctor or pharmacist. Therefore, if you have any concerns about the information or about Structolipid ask your doctor or pharmacist.SponsorFresenius Kabi New Zealand Limited60 Pavilion DriveAirport Oaks, Auckland 2022 New ZealandFreecall: 0800 144 892® = Registered TrademarkDate of informationThis leaflet was prepared in March, 2010.。