先锋设计人教版英语一轮复习课件高考语法通关9九、名词性从句名词性从句是复合句的一种，前几年高考主要考查宾语从句中用陈述语序以及连接词的选择等问题；近几年对名词性从句的考查趋于复杂灵活，往往把它与定语从句和状语从句的知识点放在一起考查，对名词性从句的考查主要有语序问题、时态的呼应问题和连接词的选择，近几年高考的比例是越来越大。
可见对名词性从句的重视程度。
在单项选择题中，近几年题干语境越来越丰富，句子结构也越来越复杂，其中名词性从句所引起的句子结构的复杂化占了较大比例，命题人侧重于对复杂句子结构的考查，是因为能否分析复杂句子结构是掌握英语语言的重要能力之一。
我们应该针对名词性从句包括的四种从句，能区别是什么从句、用什么样的连接词，熟悉必备的基础知识，才能应对自如。
考点一主语从句引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词that，whether；连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；连接副词when，where，why，how等。
1．连接词that，whether引导①That the college will take in more new students this year is true.今年这所大学将招收更多新生是真的。
②Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance.他是否能按时完成任务非常重要。
注意：(1)if不能引导主语从句。
(2)形式主语it替代主语从句。
常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：A．It＋系动词＋形容词＋that从句。
如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
B．It＋系动词＋名词＋that从句。
如：It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。
C．It＋be＋ved形式＋that从句。
如：It is announced that the plan has been successfully carried out.据宣布计划已经顺利实施。
2．连接代词引导①What we can't get seems better than what we already have.我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。
②who the letter was from is still unknown.这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。
你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。
3．连接副词引导①How acupuncture reduces and relieves pain is unclear.针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。
②why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。
考点二宾语从句引导宾语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词that，whether，if等，连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等，连接副词when，where，why，how等。
1．连接词that，whether，if引导①I think(that)you should turn to the teacher for help.我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
②I don't know if/whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
注意：whether/if都意为“是否”。
一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。
(1)与or not连用时。
如：Let me know whether or not you can come.请让我知道你是否能来。
(2)作介词的宾语从句时。
如：We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting.我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
2．连接代词和连接副词引导连接代词有what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等，连接副词有when，where，why，how等。
如：①She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class.她问我班上谁的书法最好。
②I'll just say whatever comes into my mind.我想到什么就说什么。
③Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began?你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗？④I've been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting.我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更有趣。
3．宾语从句的语序在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
如：①He asked me when we could set out the next day.他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
②Did you find out where she lost her car?你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗？4．宾语从句的时态(1)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
如：①She says(that)she works from Monday to Friday.她说她周一至周五上班。
(从句是一般现在时)②she says(that)she will leave a message on his desk.她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。
(从句是一般将来时)③She says(that)she has never been to Mount Emei.她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。
(从句是现在完成时)(2)当主句的谓语动词是一般过去式时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
如：①He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.他说昨天下午没有课。
(从句是一般过去时)②He said that he was going to take care of the baby.他说他会去照看这个婴儿。
(从句是过去将来时)③He said that they were having a meeting at that time.他说他们那时正在开会。
(从句是过去进行时)(3)当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
如：①The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
②He said that light travels much faster than sound.他说光比声音传播得快。
注意：在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：(1)动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。
如：①I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。
②I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了惯例。
(2)hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示“喜欢；痛恨；认为”的动词或动词短语和see to表示“注意，留意”后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
如：①I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。
②When you start the engine，you must see to it that the car is in neutral.启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置。
(3)介词后的宾语从句。
如：①She is always thinking of how she can do more for others.她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
②We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
(4)宾语从句的否定转移。
将think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
如：①I don't think I know you.我想我并不认识你。
②I don't believe he will come.我相信他不回来。
考点三表语从句常由连接词that，whether；连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where，how，why引导。
1．连接词引导①The reason for his absence is that he hasn't been informed.他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。
②The question remains whether they will be able to help us.问题还是他们能否帮我们。
2．连接代词和连接副词引导①The problem is who will take charge of this shop.问题是谁将接管这家店铺。
②That is when I realized the importance of journalism.那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。
注意：(1)as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。
