英国公司法重点词汇翻译 Key terms of company law

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法律英语：Company law 公司法

法人或其他组织以其主要办事机构所在地为住所。
The legal adviser7 recommended applying for an injunction against the directors of the company.
公司法律顾问建议申请针对公司董事会的强制令。
The major methods used to reconstitute the company are acquisition of companies and merging8.
他是一名按公司章程任命的董事。
Prior to application for registration4, the share capital must be stipulated5 in the Articles and all shares must be subscribed6.
在申请注册登记前，在公司章程中必须载明股本额，并且所有股份必须认购完毕。
10 joint
adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合
参考例句：
I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。
A bankrupt company is not solvent.一个破产的公司是没有偿还债务的能力的。
3 fiduciary
adj.受托的，信托的
参考例句：
A company director owes a fiduciary duty to the company.公司董事应对公司负责受托人责任。
合资企业各方应按其出资额在注册资本中的比例分享利润及亏损。

英国公司法

英国公司法（Company Law）第一章注册公司的法律特征Company Law: Fundamental Principles, （2nd ed.） Stephen Griffin LLB, PITMAN Publishing, 1996THE LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A REGISTERED COMPANY本章主要讲述了注册公司的基本法律特征及其发展的历史。

公司在一定意义上可以被看作是一个虚构的实体，它只不过是其管理者和员工按照团体模式经营的一种方式或手段。

依照大陆法系的分类，这种观点似乎可以被看作是法人拟制说。

但是在法律上，按照公司法的规定注册的公司，这种虚构的本质在这种程度上被忽视了，从公司成立之日起，它就是一个公司实体。

正因为如此，注册公司是一个独立的法律主体，它像一个自然人那样享有权利和承担义务。

这是公司的第一个重要的特征。

除此之外，大量的公司都具有有限责任的特点。

公司的有限责任分为股份的有限和保证的有限。

（除有特别说明，本书将主要讲股份的有限。

）有限责任是指公司股东一旦（以股票的名义价值）完全出资认购了所持有的股份，他就不再对公司的债务承担任何责任。

公司的成立导致了公司和其股东地位的分离。

因此，公司的存在不再依赖于其成员的存在于否。

成立这样一个公司最大的好处是股东的有限责任，但最大的缺点是商业隐私的缺失。

与合伙不同，注册公司必须满足许多关于披露信息的要求。

公司的概念产生于19世纪中期，但在此之前，就已存在现代公司的前身。

首先产生的是特许公司。

从17世纪起，随着世界船舶贸易的发展，特许的股份公司产生了。

股份公司是一个通过王室特许产生的，有着复杂形式的合伙企业。

特许状通常授予其在特定贸易中的垄断权。

这种公司虽然也具有独立的法律身份，但是除非特许状有特殊规定，这种企业的成员没有任何形式的有限责任。

随着股份公司的发展，股票交易也日益增多。

到18世纪前期，股票成为一些公司投机的手段。

企业管理专用术语(英汉对照)

1. 人力资源管理：(Human Resource Management ，HRM)2. 人力资源经理：( human resource manager)3. 高级管理人员：(executive)4. 职业：(profession)5. 道德标准：(ethics)6. 操作工：(operative employees)7. 专家：(specialist)8. 人力资源认证协会：(the Human Resource Certification Institute，HRCI)9. 外部环境：(external environment)10. 内部环境：(internal environment)11. 政策：(policy)12. 企业文化：(corporate culture)13. 目标：(mission)14. 股东：(shareholders)15. 非正式组织：(informal organization)16. 跨国公司：(multinational corporation，MNC)17. 管理多样性：(managing diversity)18. 工作：(job)19. 职位：(posting)20. 工作分析：(job analysis)21. 工作说明：(job description)22. 工作规范：(job specification)23. 工作分析计划表：(job analysis schedule，JAS)24. 职位分析问卷调查法：(Management Position Description Questionnaire，MPDQ)25. 行政秘书：(executive secretary)26. 地区服务经理助理：(assistant district service manager)27. 人力资源计划：(Human Resource Planning，HRP)28. 战略规划：(strategic planning)29. 长期趋势：(long term trend)30. 要求预测：(requirement forecast)31. 供给预测：(availability forecast)32. 管理人力储备：(management inventory)33. 裁减：(downsizing)34. 人力资源信息系统：(Human Resource Information System，HRIS)35. 招聘：(recruitment)36. 员工申请表：(employee requisition)37. 招聘方法：(recruitment methods)38. 内部提升：(Promotion From Within ，PFW)39. 工作公告：(job posting)40. 广告：(advertising)41. 职业介绍所：(employment agency)42. 特殊事件：(special events)43. 实习：(internship)44. 选择：(selection)45. 选择率：(selection rate)46. 简历：(resume)47. 标准化：(standardization)48. 有效性：(validity)49. 客观性：(objectivity)50. 规范：(norm)51. 录用分数线：(cutoff score)52. 准确度：(aiming)53. 业务知识测试：(job knowledge tests)54. 求职面试：(employment interview)55. 非结构化面试：(unstructured interview)56. 结构化面试：(structured interview)57. 小组面试：(group interview)58. 职业兴趣测试：(vocational interest tests)59. 会议型面试：(board interview)60. 组织变化与人力资源开发61. 人力资源开发：(Human Resource Development，HRD)62. 培训：(training)63. 开发：(development)64. 定位：(orientation)65. 训练：(coaching)66. 辅导：(mentoring)67. 经营管理策略：(business games)68. 案例研究：(case study)69. 会议方法：(conference method)70. 角色扮演：(role playing)71. 工作轮换：(job rotating)72. 在职培训：(on-the-job training ，OJT)73. 媒介：(media)74. 企业文化与组织发展75. 企业文化：(corporate culture)76. 组织发展：(organization development，OD)77. 调查反馈：(survey feedback)78. 质量圈：(quality circles)79. 目标管理：(management by objective，MBO)80. 全面质量管理：(Total Quality Management，TQM)81. 团队建设：(team building)82. 职业计划与发展83. 职业：(career)84. 职业计划：(career planning)85. 职业道路：(career path)86. 职业发展：(career development)87. 自我评价：(self-assessment)88. 职业动机：(career anchors)89. 绩效评价90. 绩效评价：(Performance Appraisal，PA)91. 小组评价：(group appraisal)92. 业绩评定表：(rating scales method)93. 关键事件法：(critical incident method)94. 排列法：(ranking method)95. 平行比较法：(paired comparison)96. 硬性分布法：(forced distribution method)97. 晕圈错误：(halo error)98. 宽松：(leniency)99. 严格：(strictness)100. 360°反馈：(360-degree feedback)101. 叙述法：(essay method)102. 集中趋势：(central tendency)103. 报酬与福利104. 报酬：(compensation)105. 直接经济报酬：(direct financial compensation)106. 间接经济报酬：(indirect financial compensation)107. 非经济报酬：(no financial compensation)108. 公平：(equity)109. 外部公平：(external equity)110. 内部公平：(internal equity)111. 员工公平：(employee equity)112. 小组公平：(team equity)113. 工资水平领先者：(pay leaders)114. 现行工资率：(going rate)115. 工资水平居后者：(pay followers)116. 劳动力市场：(labor market)117. 工作评价：(job evaluation)118. 排列法：(ranking method)119. 分类法：(classification method)120. 因素比较法：(factor comparison method)121. 评分法：(point method)122. 海氏指示图表个人能力分析法：(Hay Guide Chart-profile Method) 123. 工作定价：(job pricing)124. 工资等级：(pay grade)125. 工资曲线：(wage curve)126. 工资幅度：(pay range)127. 12. 福利和其它报酬问题128. 福利(间接经济补偿)129. 员工股权计划：(employee stock ownership plan，ESOP) 130. 值班津贴：(shift differential)131. 奖金：(incentive compensation)132. 利润分享（分红制）：(profit sharing)133. 安全与健康的工作环境134. 安全：(safety)135. 健康：(health)136. 频率：(frequency rate)137. 紧张：(stress)138. 角色冲突：(role conflict)139. 催眠法：(hypnosis)140. 酗酒：(alcoholism)141. 员工和劳动关系142. 工会：(union)143. 地方工会：(local union)144. 行业工会：(craft union)145. 产业工会：(industrial union)146. 全国工会：(national union)147. 谈判组：(bargaining union)148. 劳资谈判：(collective bargaining)149. 仲裁：(arbitration)150. 罢工：(strike)151. 内部员工关系：(internal employee relations)152. 纪律：(discipline)153. 纪律处分：(disciplinary action)154. 申诉：(grievance)155. 降职：(demotion)156. 调动：(transfer)157. 晋升：(promotion)158. 目标mission/ objective159. 集体目标group objective160. 内部环境internal environment161. 外部环境external environment162. 计划planning163. 组织organizing164. 人事staffing165. 领导leading166. 控制controlling167. 步骤process168. 原理principle169. 方法technique170. 经理manager171. 总经理general manager172. 行政人员administrator173. 主管人员supervisor174. 企业enterprise175. 商业business176. 产业industry177. 公司company178. 效果effectiveness179. 效率efficiency180. 企业家entrepreneur181. 权利power182. 职权authority183. 职责responsibility184. 科学管理scientific management185. 现代经营管理modern operational management 186. 行为科学behavior science187. 生产率productivity188. 激励motivate189. 动机motive190. 法律law191. 法规regulation192. 经济体系economic system193. 管理职能managerial function194. 产品product195. 服务service196. 利润profit197. 满意satisfaction198. 归属affiliation199. 尊敬esteem200. 自我实现self-actualization201. 人力投入human input202. 盈余surplus203. 收入income204. 成本cost205. 资本货物capital goods206. 机器machinery207. 设备equipment208. 建筑building209. 存货inventory210. 经验法the empirical approach211. 人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach212. 集体行为法the group behavior approach213. 协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach 214. 社会技术系统法the social-technical systems approach 215. 决策理论法the decision theory approach216. 数学法the mathematical approach217. 系统法the systems approach218. 随机制宜法the contingency approach219. 管理任务法the managerial roles approach220. 经营法the operational approach221. 人际关系human relation222. 心理学psychology223. 态度attitude224. 压力pressure225. 冲突conflict226. 招聘recruit227. 鉴定appraisal228. 选拔select229. 培训train230. 报酬compensation231. 授权delegation of authority232. 协调coordinate233. 业绩performance234. 考绩制度merit system235. 表现behavior236. 下级subordinate237. 偏差deviation238. 检验记录inspection record239. 误工记录record of labor-hours lost240. 销售量sales volume241. 产品质量quality of products242. 先进技术advanced technology243. 顾客服务customer service244. 策略strategy245. 结构structure246. 领先性primacy247. 普遍性pervasiveness248. 忧虑fear249. 忿恨resentment250. 士气morale251. 解雇layoff252. 批发wholesale253. 零售retail254. 程序procedure255. 规则rule256. 规划program257. 预算budget258. 共同作用synergy259. 大型联合企业conglomerate 260. 资源resource261. 购买acquisition262. 增长目标growth goal263. 专利产品proprietary product 264. 竞争对手rival265. 晋升promotion266. 管理决策managerial decision 267. 商业道德business ethics268. 有竞争力的价格competitive price 269. 供货商supplier270. 小贩vendor271. 利益冲突conflict of interests 272. 派生政策derivative policy273. 开支帐户expense account 274. 批准程序approval procedure 275. 病假sick leave276. 休假vacation277. 工时labor-hour278. 机时machine-hour279. 资本支出capital outlay280. 现金流量cash flow281. 工资率wage rate282. 税收率tax rate283. 股息dividend284. 现金状况cash position285. 资金短缺capital shortage286. 总预算overall budget287. 资产负债表balance sheet288. 可行性feasibility289. 投入原则the commitment principle 290. 投资回报return on investment 291. 生产能力capacity to produce292. 实际工作者practitioner293. 最终结果end result294. 业绩performance295. 个人利益personal interest296. 福利welfare297. 市场占有率market share298. 创新innovation299. 生产率productivity300. 利润率profitability301. 社会责任public responsibility302. 董事会board of director303. 组织规模size of the organization 304. 组织文化organizational culture 305. 目标管理management by objectives 306. 评价工具appraisal tool307. 激励方法motivational techniques 308. 控制手段control device309. 个人价值personal worth310. 优势strength311. 弱点weakness312. 机会opportunity313. 威胁threat314. 个人责任personal responsibility 315. 顾问counselor316. 定量目标quantitative objective 317. 定性目标qualitative objective318. 可考核目标verifiable objective 319. 优先priority320. 工资表payroll321. 策略strategy322. 政策policy323. 灵活性discretion324. 多种经营diversification325. 评估assessment326. 一致性consistency327. 应变策略consistency strategy 328. 公共关系public relation329. 价值value330. 抱负aspiration331. 偏见prejudice332. 审查review333. 批准approval334. 主要决定major decision335. 分公司总经理division general manager 336. 资产组合距阵portfolio matrix337. 明星star338. 问号question mark339. 现金牛cash cow340. 赖狗dog341. 采购procurement342. 人口因素demographic factor343. 地理因素geographic factor344. 公司形象company image345. 产品系列product line346. 合资企业joint venture347. 破产政策liquidation strategy348. 紧缩政策retrenchment strategy349. 战术tactics350. 追随followership351. 个性individuality352. 性格personality353. 安全safety354. 自主权latitude355. 悲观的pessimistic356. 静止的static357. 乐观的optimistic358. 动态的dynamic359. 灵活的flexible360. 抵制resistance361. 敌对antagonism362. 折中eclectic363. 激励motivation364. 潜意识subconscious365. 地位status366. 情感affection367. 欲望desire368. 压力pressure369. 满足satisfaction370. 自我实现的需要needs for self-actualization 371. 尊敬的需要esteem needs372. 归属的需要affiliation needs373. 安全的需要security needs374. 生理的需要physiological needs375. 维持maintenance376. 保健hygiene377. 激励因素motivator378. 概率probability379. 强化理论reinforcement theory380. 反馈feedback381. 奖金bonus382. 股票期权stock option383. 劳资纠纷labor dispute384. 缺勤率absenteeism385. 人员流动turnover386. 奖励reward387. 特许经营franchise388. 热诚zeal389. 信心confidence390. 鼓舞inspire391. 要素ingredient392. 忠诚loyalty393. 奉献devotion394. 作风style395. 品质trait396. 适应性adaptability397. 进取性aggressiveness398. 热情enthusiasm399. 毅力persistence400. 人际交往能力interpersonal skills401. 行政管理能力administrative ability402. 智力intelligence403. 专制式领导autocratic leader404. 民主式领导democratic leader405. 自由放任式领导free-rein leader406. 管理方格图the managerial grid407. 工作效率work efficiency408. 服从obedience409. 领导行为leader behavior410. 支持型领导supportive leadership411. 参与型领导participative leadership412. 指导型领导instrumental leadership413. 成就取向型领导achievement-oriented leadership414. Action learning：行动学习415. Alternation ranking method：交替排序法416. Annual bonus：年终分红417. Application forms：工作申请表418. Appraisal interview：评价面试419. Aptitudes：资质420. Arbitration：仲裁421. Attendance incentive plan：参与式激励计划422. Authority：职权423. Behavior modeling：行为模拟424. Behaviorally anchored rating scale (bars)：行为锚定等级评价法425. Benchmark job：基准职位426. Benefits：福利427. Bias：个人偏见428. Boycott：联合抵制429. Bumping/layoff procedures：工作替换/临时解雇程序430. Burnout：耗竭431. Candidate-order error：候选人次序错误432. Capital accumulation program：资本积累方案433. Career anchors：职业锚434. Career cycle：职业周期435. Career planning and development：职业规划与职业发展436. Case study method：案例研究方法437. Central tendency：居中趋势438. Citations：传讯439. Civil Rights Act：民权法440. Classes：类441. Classification (or grading) method：归类（或分级）法442. Collective bargaining：集体谈判443. Comparable worth：可比价值444. Compensable factor：报酬因素445. Computerized forecas：计算机化预测446. Content validity：内容效度447. Criterion validity：效标效度448. Critical incident method：关键事件法449. Davis-Bacon Act (DBA)：戴维斯─佩根法案450. Day-to-day-collective bargaining：日常集体谈判451. Decline stage：下降阶段452. Deferred profit-sharing plan：延期利润分享计划453. Defined benefit：固定福利454. Defined contribution：固定缴款455. Department of Labor job analysis：劳工部工作分析法456. Discipline：纪律457. Dismissal：解雇；开除458. Downsizing：精简459. Early retirement window：提前退休窗口460. Economic strike：经济罢工461. Edgar Schein：艾德加．施恩462. Employee compensation：职员报酬463. Employee orientation：雇员上岗引导464. Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) ：雇员退休收入保障法案465. Employee services benefits：雇员服务福利466. Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP)：雇员持股计划467. Equal Pay Act：公平工资法468. Establishment stage：确立阶段469. Exit interviews：离职面谈470. Expectancy chart：期望图表471. Experimentation：实验472. Exploration stage：探索阶段473. Fact-finder：调查474. Fair day's work：公平日工作475. Fair Labor Standards Act：公平劳动标准法案476. Flexible benefits programs：弹性福利计划477. Flex place：弹性工作地点478. Flextime：弹性工作时间479. Forced distribution method：强制分布法480. Four-day workweek：每周4天工作制481. Frederick Taylor：弗雷德里克．泰罗482. Functional control：职能控制483. Functional job analysis：功能性工作分析法484. Gain sharing：收益分享485. General economic conditions：一般经济状况486. Golden offerings：高龄给付487. Good faith bargaining：真诚的谈判488. Grade description：等级说明书489. Grades：等级490. Graphic rating scale：图尺度评价法491. Grid training：方格训练492. Grievance：抱怨493. Grievance procedure：抱怨程序494. Group life insurance：团体人寿保险495. Group pension plan：团体退休金计划496. Growth stage：成长阶段497. Guarantee corporation：担保公司498. Guaranteed fair treatment：有保证的公平对待499. Guaranteed piecework plan：有保障的计件工资制500. Halo effect：晕轮效应501. Health maintenance organization (HMO) ：健康维持组织502. Illegal bargaining：非法谈判项目503. Impasse：僵持504. Implied authority：隐含职权505. Incentive plan：激励计划506. Individual retirement account (IRA) ：个人退休账户507. In-house development center：企业内部开发中心508. Insubordination：不服从509. Insurance benefits：保险福利510. Interviews：谈话；面谈511. Job analysis：工作分析512. Job description：工作描述513. Job evaluation：职位评价514. Job instruction training (JIT) ：工作指导培训515. Job posting：工作公告516. Job rotation：工作轮换517. Job sharing：工作分组518. Job specifications：工作说明书519. John Holland：约翰．霍兰德520. Junior board：初级董事会521. Layoff：临时解雇522. Leader attach training：领导者匹配训练523. Lifetime employment without guarantees：无保证终身解雇524. Line manager：直线管理者525. Local market conditions：地方劳动力市场526. Lockout：闭厂527. Maintenance stage：维持阶段528. Management assessment center：管理评价中心529. Management by objectives (MBO)：目标管理法530. Management game：管理竞赛531. Management grid：管理方格训练532. Management process：管理过程533. Mandatory bargaining：强制谈判项目534. Mediation：调解535. Merit pay：绩效工资536. Merit raise：绩效加薪537. Mid career crisis sub stage：中期职业危机阶段538. Nondirective interview：非定向面试539. Occupational market conditions：职业市场状况540. Occupational orientation：职业性向541. Occupational Safety and Health Act：职业安全与健康法案542. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)：职业安全与健康管理局543. Occupational skills：职业技能544. On-the-job training (OJT) ：在职培训545. Open-door：敞开门户546. Opinion survey：意见调查547. Organization development(OD)：组织发展548. Outplacement counseling：向外安置顾问549. Paired comparison method：配对比较法550. Panel interview：小组面试551. Participant diary/logs：现场工人日记/日志552. Pay grade：工资等级553. Pension benefits：退休金福利554. Pension plans：退休金计划555. People-first values："以人为本"的价值观556. Performance analysis：工作绩效分析557. Performance Appraisal interview：工作绩效评价面谈558. Personnel (or human resource) management：人事（或人力资源）管理559. Personnel replacement charts：人事调配图560. Piecework：计件561. Plant Closing law：工厂关闭法562. Point method Policies：政策563. Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) ：职位分析问卷564. Position replacement cards：职位调配卡565. Pregnancy discrimination act：怀孕歧视法案566. Profit-sharing plan：利润分享计划567. Programmed learning：程序化教学568. Qualifications inventories：资格数据库569. Quality circle：质量圈570. Ranking method：排序法571. Rate ranges：工资率系列572. Ratio analysis：比率分析573. Reality shock：现实冲击574. Reliability：信度575. Retirement：退休576. Retirement benefits：退休福利577. Retirement counseling：退休前咨询578. Rings of defense：保护圈579. Role playing：角色扮演580. Salary surveys：薪资调查581. Savings plan：储蓄计划582. Scallion plan：斯坎伦计划583. Scatter plot：散点分析584. Scientific management：科学管理585. Self directed teams：自我指导工作小组586. Self-actualization：自我实现587. Sensitivity training：敏感性训练588. Serialized interview：系列化面试589. Severance pay：离职金590. Sick leave：病假591. Situational interview：情境面试592. Skip-level interview：越级谈话593. Social security：社会保障594. Speak up! ：讲出来！595. Special awards：特殊奖励596. Special management development techniques：特殊的管理开发技术597. Stabilization sub stage：稳定阶段598. Staff (service) function：职能（服务）功能599. Standard hour plan：标准工时工资600. Stock option：股票期权601. Straight piecework：直接计件制602. Strategic plan：战略规划603. Stress interview：压力面试604. Strictness/leniency：偏紧/偏松605. Strikes：罢工606. Structured interview：结构化面试607. Succession planning：接班计划608. Supplement pay benefits：补充报酬福利609. Supplemental unemployment benefits：补充失业福利610. Survey feedback：调查反馈611. Sympathy strike：同情罢工612. System Ⅳ：组织体系Ⅳ613. System I：组织体系614. Task analysis：任务分析615. Team building：团队建设616. Team or group：班组617. Termination：解雇；终止618. Termination at will：随意终止619. Theory X：X理论620. Theory Y：Y理论621. Third-party involvement：第三方介入622. Training：培训623. Transactional analysis (TA) ：人际关系心理分析624. Trend analysis：趋势分析625. Trial sub stage：尝试阶段626. Unclear performance standards：绩效评价标准不清627. Unemployment insurance：失业保险628. Unfair labor practice strike：不正当劳工活动罢工629. Unsafe acts：不安全行为630. Unsafe conditions：不安全环境631. Validity：效度632. Value-based hiring：以价值观为基础的雇佣633. Vroom-Yetton leadership trainman：维罗姆-耶顿领导能力训练634. Variable compensation：可变报酬635. Vestibule or simulated training：新雇员培训或模拟636. Vesting：特别保护权637. Voluntary bargaining：自愿谈判项目638. Voluntary pay cut：自愿减少工资方案639. Voluntary time off：自愿减少时间640. Wage carve：工资曲线641. Work samples：工作样本642. Work sampling technique：工作样本技术643. Work sharing：临时性工作分担644. Worker involvement：雇员参与计划645. Worker's benefits：雇员福利646. Adaptability 适应性647. Aligning Performance for Success 协调工作以求成功业绩648. Applied Learning 应用的知识649. Building a Successful Team 建立成功团队650. Building Customer Loyalty 对客户忠诚651. Building Partnerships 建立合作关系652. Building Strategic Working Relationships 建立战略性工作关系653. Building Trust 建立互信关系654. Coaching 辅导655. Communication 沟通656. Continuous Learning 不断学习657. Contributing to Team Success 对团队成功的贡献658. Customer Focus 以客户为中心659. Decision Making 决策660. Delegating Responsibility 授权661. Developing Others 发展他人662. Drive for Results 注重实效663. Energy 精力充沛664. Facilitation Change 推动变革665. Follow-up 跟进666. Formal Presentation 专业演讲技巧667. Gaining Commitment 具有使命感668. Impact 影响力669. Information Monitoring 采集信息670. Initiating Action 主动采取行动671. Innovation 创新672. Job Fit 胜任工作673. Leading Through Mission and Values 在使命与价值的认同中的领导才能674. Managing Conflict 解决冲突675. Managing Work (Includes Time Management) 管理工作（时间管理）676. Meeting Leadership 会议组织能力677. Meeting Participation 分享678. Negotiation谈判679. Planning and Organizing 编制计划与组织能力680. Quality Orientation 质量定位681. Risk Taking 勇于冒险682. Safety Awareness 安全意识683. Sales Ability / Persuasiveness 销售能力/说服能力684. Strategic Leadership / Decision Making 战略性领导/决策制定685. Stress Tolerance 压力忍受能力686. Technical / Professional Knowledge and Skills 技术专业知识和技能687. Tenacity 坚忍不拔688. Work Standards 操作规范689. Action learning：行动学习690. Alternation ranking method：交替排序法691. Annual bonus：年终分红692. Application forms：工作申请表693. Appraisal interview：评价面试694. Aptitudes：资质695. Arbitration：仲裁696. Attendance incentive plan：参与式激励计划697. Authority：职权698. Behavior modeling：行为模拟699. Behaviorally anchored rating scale (bars)：行为锚定等级评价法700. Benchmark job：基准职位701. Benefits：福利702. Bias：个人偏见703. Boycott：联合抵制704. Bumping/layoff procedures：工作替换/临时解雇程序705. Burnout：耗竭706. Candidate-order error：候选人次序错误707. Capital accumulation program：资本积累方案708. Career anchors：职业锚709. Career cycle：职业周期710. Career planning and development：职业规划与职业发展711. Case study method：案例研究方法712. Central tendency：居中趋势713. Citations：传讯714. Civil Rights Act：民权法715. Classes：类716. Classification (or grading) method：归类（或分级）法717. 集体谈判Comparable worth：可比价值718. Compensable factor：报酬因素719. Computerized forecast：计算机化预测720. Content validity：内容效度721. Criterion validity：效标效度722. Critical incident method：关键事件法723. Davis-Bacon Act (DBA)：戴维斯―佩根法案724. Day-to-day-collective bargaining：日常集体谈判725. Decline stage：下降阶段726. Deferred profit-sharing plan：延期利润分享计划727. Defined benefit：固定福利728. Defined contribution：固定缴款729. Department of Labor job analysis：劳工部工作分析法730. Discipline：纪律731. Dismissal：解雇；开除732. Downsizing：精简733. Early retirement window：提前退休窗口734. Economic strike：经济罢工735. Edgar Schein：艾德加•施恩736. Employee compensation：职员报酬737. Employee orientation：雇员上岗引导738. Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) ：雇员退休收入保障法案739. Employee services benefits：雇员服务福利740. Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) ：雇员持股计划741. Equal Pay Act：公平工资法742. Establishment stage：确立阶段743. Exit interviews：离职面谈744. Expectancy chart：期望图表745. Experimentation：实验746. Exploration stage：探索阶段747. Fact-finder：调查748. Fair day’s work：公平日工作749. Fair Labor Standards Act：公平劳动标准法案750. Flexible benefits programs：弹性福利计划751. Flex place：弹性工作地点752. Flextime：弹性工作时间753. Forced distribution method：强制分布法754. Four-day workweek：每周天工作制755. Frederick Taylor：弗雷德里克•泰罗756. Functional control：职能控制757. Functional job analysis：功能性工作分析法758. 沟通Communication759. 个人发展Personal Development760. 电子学习e-Learning761. 项目管理Project Management762. 领导艺术Leadership763. 团队建设Team Building764. 管理Management765. 商务管理类766. 行政管理Administrative Support767. 人力资源Human Resources768. 商法Business Law769. 行业Industry770. 客户服务Customer Service771. 知识管理Knowledge Management772. 电子商务e-Business773. 市场Marketing774. 金融/财会Finance & Accounting775. 企业运营Operations776. 财务服务Financial Services777. 销售Sales778. able 有才干的，能干的adaptable 适应性强的779. active 主动的，活跃的aggressive 有进取心的780. ambitious 有雄心壮志的amiable 和蔼可亲的781. amicable 友好的analytical 善于分析的782. apprehensive 有理解力的aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的783. audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的capable 有能力的，有才能的784. careful 办理仔细的candid 正直的785. competent 能胜任的constructive 建设性的786. cooperative 有合作精神的creative 富创造力的787. dedicated 有奉献精神的dependable 可靠的788. diplomatic 老练的，有策略的disciplined 守纪律的789. dutiful 尽职的well--educated 受过良好教育的790. efficient 有效率的energetic 精力充沛的791. expressivity 善于表达faithful 守信的，忠诚的792. frank 直率的，真诚的generous 宽宏大量的793. genteel 有教养的gentle 有礼貌的794. humorous 有幽默impartial 公正的795. independent 有主见的industrious 勤奋的796. ingenious 有独创性的motivated 目的明确的797. intelligent 理解力强的learned 精通某门学问的798. logical 条理分明的methodical 有方法的799. modest 谦虚的objective 客观的800. precise 一丝不苟的punctual 严守时刻的801. realistic 实事求是的responsible 负责的802. sensible 明白事理的sporting 光明正大的803. steady 踏实的systematic 有系统的804. purposeful 意志坚强的sweet-tempered 性情温和的805. temperate 稳健的tireless 孜孜不倦的806. name 姓名in. 英寸807. pen name 笔名ft. 英尺808. alias 别名street 街809. Mr. 先生road 路810. Miss 小姐district 区811. Ms （小姐或太太）house number 门牌812. Mrs. 太太lane 胡同，巷813. age 年龄height 身高814. bloodtype 血型weight 体重815. address 地址born 生于816. permanent address 永久住址birthday 生日817. province 省birthdate 出生日期818. city 市birthplace 出生地点819. county 县home phone 住宅电话820. prefecture 专区office phone 办公电话821. autonomous region 自治区business phone 办公电话822. nationality 民族；国籍current address 目前住址823. citizenship 国籍date of birth 出生日期824. native place 籍贯postal code 邮政编码825. duel citizenship 双重国籍marital status 婚姻状况826. family status 家庭状况married 已婚827. single 未婚divorced 离异828. separated 分居number of children 子女人数829. health condition 健康状况health 健康状况830. excellent （身体）极佳short-sighted 近视831. far-sighted 远视ID card 身份证832. date of availability 可到职时间membership 会员、资格833. president 会长vice-president 副会长834. director 理事standing director 常务理事835. society 学会association 协会836. secretary-general 秘书长research society 研究会837. work experience 工作经历occupational history 工作经历838. professionalhistory 职业经历specific experience 具体经历839. responsibilities 职责second job 第二职业840. achievements 工作成就，业绩administer 管理841. assist 辅助adapted to 适应于842. accomplish 完成（任务等）appointed 被认命的843. adept in 善于analyze 分析844. authorized 委任的；核准的behave 表现845. break the record 打破纪录breakthrough 关键问题的解决846. control 控制conduct 经营，处理847. cost 成本；费用create 创造848. demonstrate 证明，示范decrease 减少849. design 设计develop 开发，发挥850. devise 设计，发明direct 指导851. double 加倍，翻一番earn 获得，赚取852. effect 效果，作用eliminate 消除853. enlarge 扩大enrich 使丰富854. exploit 开发（资源，产品）enliven 搞活855. establish 设立（公司等）；使开业evaluation 估价，评价856. execute 实行，实施expedite 加快；促进857. generate 产生good at 擅长于858. guide 指导；操纵improve 改进，提高859. initiate 创始，开创innovate 改革，革新860. invest 投资integrate 使结合；使一体化861. justified 经证明的；合法化的launch 开办（新企业）862. maintain 保持；维修modernize 使现代化863. negotiate 谈判nominated 被提名；被认命的864. overcome 克服perfect 使完善；改善865. perform 执行，履行profit 利润866. be promoted to 被提升为be proposed as 被提名（推荐）为867. realize 实现（目标）获得（利润）reconstruct 重建868. recorded 记载的refine 精练，精制869. registered 已注册的regenerate 更新，使再生870. replace 接替，替换retrieve 挽回871. revenue 收益，收入scientific 科学的，系统的872. self-dependence 自力更生serve 服务，供职873. settle 解决（问题等）shorten 减低……效能874. simplify 简化，精简spread 传播，扩大875. standard 标准，规格supervises 监督，管理876. supply 供给，满足systematize 使系统化877. test 试验，检验well-trained 训练有素的878. valuable 有价值的target 目标，指标879. working model 劳动模范advanced worker 先进工作者880. education 学历educational history 学历881. educational background 教育程度curriculum 课程882. major 主修minor 副修883. educational highlights 课程重点部分curriculum included 课程包括884. specialized courses 专门课程courses taken 所学课程885. special training 特别训练social practice 社会实践886. part-time jobs 业余工作summer jobs 暑期工作887. vacation jobs 假期工作refresher course 进修课程888. extracurricularactivities 课外活动physical activities 体育活动889. recreational activities 娱乐活动academic activities 学术活动890. social activities 社会活动rewards 奖励891. scholarship 奖学金excellent League member 优秀团员892. excellent leader 优秀干部student council 学生会893. off-job training 脱产培训in-job training 在职培训894. educational system 学制cademic year 学年895. semester 学期（美）term 学期（英）896. supervisor 论文导师pass 及格897. fail 不及格marks 分数898. examination 考试degree 学位899. post doctorate 博士后doctor(Ph.D) 博士900. master 硕士bachelor 学士901. graduate student 研究生abroad student 留学生902. abroad student 留学生undergraduate 大学肆业生903. government-supportedstudent 公费生commoner 自费生904. extern 走读生intern 实习生905. prize fellow 奖学金生boarder 寄宿生906. graduate 毕业生guest student 旁听生（英）907. auditor 旁听生（美）day-student 走读生908. objective 目标position desired 希望职位909. job objective 工作目标employment objective 工作目标910. career objective 职业目标position sought 谋求职位911. position wanted 希望职位position appliedfor 申请职位912. for more specializedwork 为更专门的工作913. for prospectsof promotion 为晋升的前途914. for higher responsibility 为更高层次的工作责任915. for wider experience 为扩大工作经验916. due to close-downof company 由于公司倒闭917. due to expiryof employment 由于雇用期满918. sought a betterjob 找到了更好的工作919. to seek a betterjob 找一份更好的工作920. hobbies 业余爱好play the guitar 弹吉他921. reading 阅读play chess 下棋922. play 话剧long distance running 长跑923. play bridge 打桥牌collecting stamps 集邮924. play tennis 打网球jogging 慢跑925. sewing 缝纫travelling 旅游926. listening to symphony 听交响乐do some clay scultures 搞泥塑。

英国公司法

英国公司法（CompanyLaw）第一章注册公司的法律特征作者：明月孤岑文章来源：竹月斋发表于2006年10月12日阅读1685人次推荐级别：☆Company Law: Fundamental Principles, （2nd ed.） Stephen Griffin LLB, PITMAN Publishing, 1996THE LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A REGISTERED COMPANY本章主要讲述了注册公司的基本法律特征及其发展的历史。

公司在一定意义上可以被看作是一个虚构的实体，它只不过是其管理者和员工按照团体模式经营的一种方式或手段。

依照大陆法系的分类，这种观点似乎可以被看作是法人拟制说。

但是在法律上，按照公司法的规定注册的公司，这种虚构的本质在这种程度上被忽视了，从公司成立之日起，它就是一个公司实体。

正因为如此，注册公司是一个独立的法律主体，它像一个自然人那样享有权利和承担义务。

这是公司的第一个重要的特征。

除此之外，大量的公司都具有有限责任的特点。

公司的有限责任分为股份的有限和保证的有限。

（除有特别说明，本书将主要讲股份的有限。

）有限责任是指公司股东一旦（以股票的名义价值）完全出资认购了所持有的股份，他就不再对公司的债务承担任何责任。

公司的成立导致了公司和其股东地位的分离。

因此，公司的存在不再依赖于其成员的存在于否。

成立这样一个公司最大的好处是股东的有限责任，但最大的缺点是商业隐私的缺失。

与合伙不同，注册公司必须满足许多关于披露信息的要求。

公司的概念产生于19世纪中期，但在此之前，就已存在现代公司的前身。

首先产生的是特许公司。

从17世纪起，随着世界船舶贸易的发展，特许的股份公司产生了。

股份公司是一个通过王室特许产生的，有着复杂形式的合伙企业。

特许状通常授予其在特定贸易中的垄断权。

这种公司虽然也具有独立的法律身份，但是除非特许状有特殊规定，这种企业的成员没有任何形式的有限责任。

公司法中英词汇对照

VOCABULARY OF CORPORATION LAW IN ENGLISH公司corporation; company合伙partnership合股公司joint-stock company特许公司chartered corporation注册公司registered corporation法定公司statutory corporation无限公司unlimited corporation有限责任公司limited corporation; company with limitedliability股份有限公司company limited by shares母公司parent corporation子公司subsidiaries总公司Headquarter; Main Branch分公司branch国有独资公司wholly state-owned company上市公司quoted corporation; listed company公司集团groups of companies保证公司limited by guarantee慈善公司charitable corporation控股公司holding corporation; holding company公开公司publicly held corporation闭锁公司closely held corporation公公司pub1ic company私公司private company一人公司one-person company一人有限责任公司one-person company with limited liability夕卜国公司的分支机构branches of foreign company公司设立incorporation组织机构organizational structure股权转让equity transfer股份发行issue of shares股份转让transfer of shares股东大会shareholders general assembly公司债券corporate bonds财务financial affairs会计accounting公司合并merger of companies公司分立division of companies增资increase of capital减资reduction of capital公司解散和清算dissolution and liquidation of company企业法人an enterprise legal person名称name住所domicile注册资本registered capital实收资本actually received capital换发营业执照renew business license符合法律规定的条件meet the conditions provided for bylaw债权the rights of credit债务the debts主要办事机构main administrative organization 对有约束力have binding force on法人资格the status of a legal person 公司治理corporationgovernance 公司人格corporation personality 契约contract公司法人格否认Disregard of Corporate Personality 刺破公司面纱Piercing the Corporate Veil58. 揭开公司面纱Lifting the veil of the Corporation59. 普通合伙general partnership 60. 有限合伙Limited partnerships61. 合伙人partner62. 有限责任limited liability63. 公司章程articles of association64. 注册证书certificate of incorporation articles incorporation65. 发起人的受托义务promoter ' s fiduciary obligation66. 认购协议subscription agreement67. 既成事实公司de facto corporation68. 法律上的公司de jure corporation69. 公司设立瑕疵defective incorporation70. 受托人义务fiduciary obligation71. 结论性证据conclusive evidence72. 股份share73. 股息dividends74. 关联第三方connected third parties75. 出资（投资）invest76. 股东shareholder77. 小股东minority shareholder78. 单个股东individual shareholder79. 消极股东passive shareholder80. 积极股东active shareholder81. 逆向合并reverse merger82. 正向合并forward merger83. 股权收购share acquisition84. 收购公司acquiring company85. （收购）1目标公司target company86. 资产收购asset acquisition87. 公司责任liability of corporation88. 公司结构（组织）corporation structure89. 董事director90. 高级职员officer91. 股东权powers of shareholder92. 选任elect93. 解任remove94. 年会（常会）annual meeting95. 兼并merger96. 解散dissolution97. 自愿解散voluntary dissolution98. 强制解散involuntary dissolution99. 法院解散judicial dissolution100. 清算liquidation101. 董事会board of directors102. 经理manager103. 监事会board of supervisors cumulative voting rightholdover director removal of director directors 'meeting110. 法定人数quorum111. 少数lower number112. 绝对多数super majority113. 自己表决present at vote114. 多数higher number115. 委员会committee116. 细则bylaw117. 董事长president; the chairman of the board of directors1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.41.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.51.52.53.54.55.56.57.of104. 累计投票权105. 任期term106. 董事的延期107. 董事的解除108. 董事会会议109. 公告notice执行董事the executive director公司秘书secretary股东诉讼shareholders ' action股东的信息获取权shareholders ' informational right股东的帐簿与记录检查权s hareholders ' inspection of booksand records公司融资corporation finance 财务报告financial report 损益表income statement 资产负债表balance sheet 年度报告annualreport 季度报告quarterly report 掺水股票watered stock 许可authorization 发起人promoter 营业执照trade charter; business license 经营范围business scope 优先购买权pre-emptive right 库藏股treasury shares 受托责任fiduciary duty 有价证券security 权益证券equity security 债务证券debt security 债券bond 普通股common stock 优先股preferred stock 资本capital 授权且己发行资本authorized and issued capital 授权资本（名义资本）authorized capital; nominal capital己发行资本issued capital 已缴资本paid —up capital 待缴资本uncalled capital 催缴股本called-up capital 保留资本reserve capital 股权资本equity capital 借贷资本loan capital 声明股本stated capital 票面价值par value,缩写为PV 无票面价值no par value 缩写NPV 法定资本制legal capital system 授权资本制system authorized Capital 转投资reinvestment 资本确定原贝U prinzipdes festen grund capitals; doctrine of capital determination 资本维持原贝U doctrine of capital maintenance 资本不变原贝U Prinzipder Bestandingkedes Grund kapitals; doctrine of unchanging capital 重组re-classified 股票再分割sub-divide 注销cancel 未发行的股份Unissued capital stock 注册资本the registered capital 分酉己distribution 公司登记官the Registrar 合并股份consolidate 分割股份divide 库存股treasure stock减资决议 a resolution for reducing share capital红利股bonus shares雇员持股制度an employees ' share system 设立报告incorporators ' report176. 资本不足inadequate capitalization177. 最低资本额制度grundsatz des mindestgrund kapitals 178. 商业登记官the commercial Register179. 授权资本额the amount of the authorized capital180. 仓U立主义konstruktionsprinzip 、Incorporation181. 净资产net assets; net worth182. 资本盈余capital surplus183. 缴付盈余paid-in surplus184. 减资盈余reduction surplus185. 泡沫法案the bubble act186. 合股公司法The joint-stock companies Act187. 泡沫废止法The Bubble Act Repeal Act188. 代理理论Principal-agent Theory189. 契约的集合nexus of contracts190. 越权行为ultra vires act191. 特许公司中chartered corporation192. 优先债权人senior creditor193. 次位债权subordinated creditor194. 公司治理corporate governance195. 股东之公平对待the equitable treatment of shareholders 196. 股东之权利the rights of shareholders197. 信息揭露及透明性disclosure and transparency198. 董事会的责任the responsibilities of the board199. 股权代理人proxy200. 董事与公司间之交易self-dealing201. 动机不纯之公司行为corporate action with mixed motives202. 挪用公司或股东财产the taking of corporate or shareholder property203. 代表诉讼derivative suit204. 少数股东权derivative action205. 董事义务与责任shareholder' right and liability206. 买回repurchase207. 交叉持股cross ownership208. 重整corporate reorganization209. 股东会shareholder meeting210. 董事会board of directors211. 独立董事Independent Director212. 内部董事inside director213. 公司经理人officeroutside supervisor executive committee audit committee remuneration committee218. 提名委员会nominating committee219. 经营判断原则The Business Judgment Rule220. 关系人交易conflict of interest221. 股份收买请求权appraisal right222. 资本不足under capitalization223. 未遵守公司形式failure to follow corporate formalities224. 公司财务报表、功能、或人员之重叠overlap of corporate records, function or personnel225. 资产混淆commingling of assets226. 股东之支配能力shareholder domination227. 不实陈述misrepresentation228. 诈欺fraud229. 具有支配权之股东dominant shareholder230. 公司机会corporate opportunity231. 无表决权股non-voting share232. 多数表决权股multiple-voting share233. 表决权信托voting trust234. 认股选择权制度stock option118. 119. 120. 121. 122.123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156.157. 158. 159.160. 161.162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 214. 外部监察人215. 执行委员会216. 监察委员会217. 报酬委员会235. 新股认购权warrant236. 章程（组织）［英［memorandum of association; articles of association］美［articles; bylaws237. 公司分割corporate division238. 资本收益capital gain239. 公司分立spin-off、split-off 及split-up240. 模范公司法model business corporation act241. 注意义务duty of care242. 了解公司业务之义务duty to become informed243. 询问义务duty of inquiry244. 了解后为决定之义务duty of informed judgment245. 监督义务duty of attention246. 忠诚义务duty of loyalty247. 与公司为合理交易之义务duty of fair dealing248. 公司债debenture249. 公司债所有者bondholder250. 营业执照business license251. 承担连带责任assume joint and several liability252. 企业改制structural reform253. 劳动保护occupational protection254. 职业教育和岗位培训vocational education and on-the-job training255. 非货币财产non-currency property256. 按期足额on schedule and in full257. 验资证明capital verification certificates258. 出资证明书investment certificates259. 关联关系affiliated relations260. 资本公积金capital surplus fund261. 法定公积金statutory surplus fund262. 任意公积金discretionary surplus fund263. 记名股票registered shares264. 无记名股票bearer shares265. 招股说明书prospectus266. 认股书subscription form267. 国有资产监督管理机构State-owned assets regulatory institution 268. 抽逃出资secretly withdraw capital contributions269. 经营方针operational policy20. 重整人（公司§ 8.2）reorganization21. 股款（公司§ 9.1）the share prices （or the capital stock）22. 连带（公司§ 9.2）jointly and severally 23. 检察机关（公司§ 9.3）procuratorate24. 依职权（公司§ 10.1）ex officio25. 解散（公司§ 10.1）dissolution26. 已发行股份（公司§ 11.2）outstanding shares13.1）limited liabilityvoting rights13.3）capitalization of legal reserves30. 保证人（公司§ 16.1）guarantor31. 废止（公司§ 17.2）rescission32. 亏损拨补（公司§ 20.1）surplus earnings distribution33. 报酬（公司§20.3）remuneration34. 妨碍、拒绝或规避（公司§ 21.1）impede, refuse or evade23.1）good administratorconsolidation or merger27.4）bona fide third party.articles of incorporation）director.3）the board of directors41. 诈欺（公司§ 30.1.2）fraud42. 背信（公司§ 30.1.2）breach of trust43. 侵占（公司§ 30.1.2）misappropriation44. 依照（公司§ 32.1）pursuant to45. 债权（公司§ 44.1）monetary claim46. 债权）到期（公司§ 44.1）upon maturity47. 请求报酬（公司§ 49.1）Clairemuneration48. 代垫之款项（公司§ 50.1）advance money49. 提供相当之担保（公司§ 50.1）furnish appropriate security50. 关于（公司§ 57.1）pertaining to51. 分派盈余（公司§ 63.1）Make distribution of surplus profit52. 抵销（公司§ 64.1）set off53. 对于（公司§ 64.1）vis-a-vis54. 退股（公司§65.1）withdrawal of share capital55. 重大事由（公司§ 65.2）significant cause56. 除名（公司§ 66.）.Expulsion57. 强制执行（公司§ 66.1.6 ）Compulsory execution58. 妨害公司之利益（公司§ 67.1.3）detrimental to the interest1. 法人（公司§ 1.1）Juristic person2. 股东（公司§2.1.1）Shareholders3. 有限公司（公司§ 2.1.2）Limited Company4. 有限责任（公司§ 2.1.3）Limited liability5. 股份有限公司（公司§ 2.1.3）Company Limited byShares6. 公司所在地（公司§ 3.1.）The domicile of a company7. 本公司（公司§3.2）Head office8. 分公司（公司§3.2）Branch office9. 营利（公司§ 4.1）Profit making10. 营业（公司§ 4.1）transact business11. 主管机关（公司§ 5.1）Competent authority12. 成立（公司§ 6.1）incorporated13. 登记之资本额（公司§ 7.1）registered amount of capitalofthe company14. 公司负责人（公司§ 8.1）responsible persons15. 经理人（公司§8.2）managerial officer16. 清算人（公司§8.2）liquidator17. 发起人（公司§8.2）promoter18. 监察人（公司§8.2）supervisor19. 检查人（公司§8.2）inspectorof the company59. 退股之股东（公司§ 69.1）retiring shareholder 60. 出资（公司§ 70.2）capital contribution61. 解散（公司§ 71.1）dissolve62. 解散事由（公司§ 71.1.1）the conditions for dissolution63. 资产负债表（公司§ 73.1）a balance sheet64. 财产目录（公司§ 73.1）inventory of property65. 债权人（公司§ 73.2）Creditor of the company66. 变更（公司§ 76.1）reincorporate67. 利害关系人（公司§ 81.1）concerned party68. 过半数之同意（公司§ 82.1）majority vote69. 就任（公司§ 83.1）Assume office70. 分派盈余或亏损（公司§ 84.1.3）To allocate surplus or loss71. 分派剩余财产（公司§84.1.4）To allocate the residual assets72. 诉讼行为（公司§ 84.2）litigation matters73. 代表权（公司§ 86.1）the power of representation74. 公告（公司§ 88.1）public announcement75. 清偿其债务（公司§ 89.1）satisfy its liabilities76. 宣告破产（公司§ 89.1）declaration of bankruptcy77. 清算完结（公司§ 92.1）winding up78. 结算表册（公司§ 92.1）final statement79. 账簿（公司§ 94.1）account books80. 怠忽（公司§ 95.1）lack of care27. 有限责任股东（公司§28. 表决权（公司§13.2）35. 善良管理人（公司§36. 合并（公司§24.1）37. 善意第三人（公司§38. 章程（公司§29.1）81. 故意（公司§ 95.1）intentional82. 重大过失（公司§ 95.1）gross negligence83. 赔偿（公司§ 95.1）make good84. 解散登记（公司§ 96.1）filing articles of dissolution85. 分期缴款（公司§ 100.1）paid in installments86. 资本总额（公司§ 101.1.4）The aggregate of capital stock87. 股东名簿（公司§ 103.1）shareholders roster88. 增资（公司§106.1）Increase of the amount of capital stock89. 董事长（公司§ 108.1）chairman of directors90. 监察权（公司§ 109.1）power of audit91. 每股金额（公司§ 129.1.3）par value of each share certificate92. 特别股（公司§ 130.1.4）special shares93. 特别利益（公司§ 130.1.5）Special benefits94. 既得之利益（公司§ 130.2）benefits already accrued95. 募集（公司§ 132.2 ）by solicitation96. 营业计划书（公司§ 133.1.1）Business plan97. 招股章程（公司§ 133.1.3）Prospectus98. 承销者（公司§ 133.1.5）underwriters99. 约定事项（公司§ 133.1.5）covenants100. 股款之金额（公司§ 134.1）capital money101. 撤回所认股份（公司§ 137.1.4 ）rescind their subscription 102. 无记名股（公司§ 137.1.6）bearer shares103. 超过票面金额发行（公司§ 138.2 ）issued at a premium 104. 创立会（公司§ 143.1）inaugural meeting105. 补足（公司§ 147.1）make up for the deficiency106. 股息（公司§ 157.1.1）dividends107. 红利（公司§ 157.1.1）bonus108. 定额（公司§ 157.1.2）fixed amount109. 定率（公司§ 157.1.2）fixed ratio110. 表决权（公司§ 157.1.3）voting power111. 收回（公司§ 158.1）redeemable112. 股票（公司§ 161.1）Share certificate113. 变更登记（公司§ 162.1.2）alteration registration114. 发起人股票（公司§162.1.5）share certificates of promoters 115. 背书转让（公司§162.1.1.3 ）share assignment by endorsement116. 公司股份之转让（公司§163.1 ）Assignment/transfer of shares117. 转让（公司§ 163.1）effected118. 股东常会（公司§ 165.2 ）regular shareholders ‘ meeting 119. 质物（公司§ 167.1）pledge120. 破产宣告（公司§ 167.1）bankruptcy pronouncement121. 从属公司（公司§ 167.3 ）Subordinate company122. 控制公司（公司§ 167.3 ）holing company123. 认股权凭证（公司§ 167.2.1）share subscription warrant 124. 不得转让（公司§ 167.2.1）non-assignment125. 股东临时会（公司§ 170.1.2）Special meeting of shareholders126. 正当事由（公司§ 170.2 ）good cause127. 临时动议（公司§ 172.5 ）extemporary motions128. 法定人数（公司§ 175.1）quorum129. 委托书（公司§ 177.3）written proxy130. 议事录（公司§ 183.1）Minutes of the meeting131. 决议方法（公司§ 183.3 ）the method of adopting resolutions 132. 公司存续期间（公司§ 183.3）the life of the company133. 决议解散（公司§ 186.1）a resolution for dissolution134. 法定利息（公司§ 187.3 ）legal interest135. 失其效力（公司§ 188.1）lose its effect136. 法令（公司§ 188.1）ordinance 137. 诉请（公司§ 189.1）enter a petition138. 驳回请求（公司§ 189.1）dismiss petition.139. 利害关系人（公司§ 190.1）interested party140. 决议之内容（公司§ 191.1）substance of a resolution141. 提前解任（公司§ 199.1.1）discharged in advance142. 董事缺额（公司§201.1）vacancies in the board of directors 143. 常务董事（公司§ 208.1 ）managing directors144. 检察官（公司§ 208.1.1）a public prosecutor145. 临时管理人（公司§ 208.1.1）temporary manager146. 公司债存根（公司§ 210.1）counterfoil of corporate bonds 147. 证明文件（公司§ 210.2）evidentiary document（s）148. 提供相当之担保（公司§214.2）furnish an appropriate security149. 得连选连任（公司§ 217.1）be eligible for re-election150. 会计师（公司§ 219.2 ）a certified public accountant151. 兼任公司董事（公司§ 222.1 ）be concurrently a director 152. 连带债务人（公司§ 226.1）joint debtors153. 不法行为（公司§ 231.1）any unlawful conduc154. 实收资本（公司§ 232.2）paid-in capital155. 法令（公司§ 188.1）ordinance156. 诉请（公司§ 189.1）enter a petition157. 驳回请求（公司§ 189.1）dismiss petition.158. 利害关系人（公司§ 190.1）interested party159. 决议之内容（公司§ 191.1）substance of a resolution160. 设定或解除质权（公司§197.1.1）creation or cancellation of a pledge161. 提前解任（公司§ 199.1.1）discharged in advance162. 董事缺额（公司§201.1）vacancies in the board of directors 163. 以红利转作资本（公司§240.4）distributable bonus is to be capitalized164. 募集公司债（公司§246.1 ）invite subscription for corporate bonds165. 受偿（公司§ 246.1.1 ）receive indemnification166. 公司债（公司§ 246.1.1）corporate bonds167. 余额（公司§ 247.1 ）net remainder168. 公司现有全部资产（公司§ 247.1 ）all assets in hands169. 无形资产（公司§ 247.1 ）intangible assets170. 无担保公司债（公司§ 247.2）unsecured corporate bonds 171. 公司债偿还（公司§ 248.1.4）redemption of the corporate bonds172. 发行保证人（公司§ 248.1.16 ）guarantor（s）173. 可转换股份（公司§ 248.1.18 ）convertible into shares 174. 认股权（公司§ 248.1.19 ）share subscription warrants 175. 上市公司（公司§248.2）the companies listed on centralized trading floor176. 迟延支付本息（公司§ 249.1.1 ）in default of payment of principal and interest177. 税后之平均净利（公司§250.1.2）annual net profit after paying tax178. 撤销核准（公司§ 251.1）annul the approval179. 停止（募集）（公司§251.2 ）called off180. 无记名公司债券（公司§ 253.2 ）bearer corporate bonds 181. 应募书（公司§ 253.2 ）forms of subscriptions182. 公司债债权人（公司§ 255.1 ）corporate bondholders183. 抵押权（公司§ 256.1）Mortgages184. 保管（公司§ 256.2）safe-keep185. 可认购（公司§ 257.1）share subscription allowed186. 记名式之公司债券（公司§260.1 ）Registered corporate bond certificates187. 无记名式债券（公司§ 261.1）bearer bonds188. 改为记名式（公司§ 261.1）converted into registered bonds189. 显失公正者（公司§ 265.1.3 ）apparently unjust and unfair 190. 发行新股（公司§ 266.1 ）issue of new shares191. 先买权（公司§ 267.3）preemptive right192. 独立转让（公司§ 267.4）transferable independently193. 资产增值（公司§ 267.5）increments of assets194. 发行条件（公司§ 268.1.3）terms of issue195. 增资计划（公司§ 268.1.5）The capital increase plan196. 附认股权（公司§ 268.1.1 ）ancillary share subscription rights197. 具有优先权利之特别股（公司§269.1 ）special shares with preference198. 平均净利（公司§ 269.1.1）average net profit199. 支付股息（公司§ 269.1.1）pay dividends200. 健全之营业计划（公司§ 270.1.1 ）a sound business plan 201. 营利能力（公司§ 270.1.1）profit-making capability202. 不足抵偿债务（公司§270.1.2）not sufficient to meet liabilities203. 股票原定发行金额（公司§271.1）original fixed value of the shares204. 营业报告（公司§ 273.2）business report205. 以现金当场购买（公司§ 273.4）with cash on the spot206. 换发新股票（公司§ 279.1 ）replacement of old share certificates by new ones207. 暂停营业（公司§ 282.1）suspends its business208. 有停业之虞（公司§ 282.1）an apprehension of suspension of business209. 重建更生（公司§ 282.1）constructed or rehabilitated210. 法定代理人（公司§ 283.1.2）statutory representative211. 半年之资产负债表（公司§283.1.6）semi-annual balance sheet212. 勒令停业限期清理（公司§283.1.6）ordered to wind up and to liquidate213. 裁定驳回（公司§ 284.1）dismissal of the application214. 征询意见（公司§ 284.2 ）solicit the opinions215. 公司重建更生（公司§285.1.2 ）the reconstruction or rehabilitation of the company216. 公司以往业务经营之得失（公司§285.1.3）merits and demerits of the previous business operation of the company217. 怠忽或不当情形（公司§285.1.3 ）neglect or improper practices218. 重整方案（公司§ 285.1.5）reorganization proposal219. 准许（公司§ 285.1.1）render a ruling220. 公司财产之保全处分（公司§287.1.1 ）Disposal forpreservation of the company ‘ s property221. 公司业务之限制（公司§ 287.1.2 ）Restriction on the business of the company222. 公司履行债务（公司§287.1.3 ）performance of obligation of the company223. 对公司行使债权（公司§ 287.1.3）Exercise of claim against the company224. 和解（公司§ 287.1.4 ）composition225. 转让之禁止（公司§ 287.1.5）Prohibition of transfer226. 责任之查定（公司§ 287.1.6）Assessment of the liabilities 227. 重整监督人（公司§ 289.1 ）reorganizers supervisor228. 债权及股东权之申报（公司§289.1.1 ）declaring rights of creditors and shareholders229. 申报期间（公司§ 289.1.2）period for declaration230. 借款（公司§ 290.5.3 ）Contract of loans 231. 长期性契约（公司§ 290.5.4）long term contracts232. 公司权利之抛弃或让与（公司§290.5.6 ）Waiver or assignment of rights of the company233. 取回权（公司§ 290.5.7）retrieval234. 破产法（公司§ 296.2）Bankruptcy Law235. 事由终止（公司§ 297.3）extinction of the cause236. 提存（公司§ 299.3）be deposited with a court237. 表决权总额（公司§ 302.1）aggregate votes238. 权利仍存续（公司§ 306.2.1）right is to remain in existence 239. 剩余财产（公司§ 306.2.2）residual property240. 无担保重整债权人（公司§ 306.2.2）unsecured creditors in reorganizers241. 按当时公平价格（公司§ 317.1）then prevailing fair price 242. 放弃表决权（公司§ 317.1）waive his voting right243. 存续公司（公司§ 317.1.1.1）surviving company244. 换股比例（公司§ 317.2.1.2）share swap ratio245. 股份销除（公司§ 317.2.1.8）cancellation of the shares246. 催告债权人程序（公司§ 318.1）the procedure of serving follow-up notice to creditors247. 现存财产（公司§ 325.2）available assets248. 清算费用（公司§ 325.2）Liquidator expenses249. 特别清算（公司§ 336.1 ）special liquidation250. 权利之抛弃（公司§ 346.1.5 ）Relinquishment of any right 251. 公司财产保全（公司§353.1.2 ）preserve the property of the company252. 关系企业（公司§ 369-1.1 ）affiliated enterprises253. 相互投资（公司§ 369-10.1 ）mutual investment254. 申请认许（公司§371.1 ）apply for recognition255. 分公司登记（公司§ 371.2 ）branch office registration256. 公共秩序或善良风俗（公司§373.1.1 ）public order or good custom257. 代表处（公司§ 386.2 ）representative s office258. 办事处（公司§ 386.2 ）business office259. 公司之登记或认许（公司§387.1 ）applying for company registration or recognition260. 委托书（公司§ 387.1）a power of attorney。

法律词汇英语翻译

法律词汇英语翻译A Resolution for V oluntary自动清盘决议Act作为Action诉讼Adult成人、成年人Affidavit誓章Affidavit誓章Arrestable Offence可逮捕的罪行Assignment转让契据Auditor核数师A vailable act of Bankruptcy可用的破产作为Bailiff执达主任Bilingual Laws Advisory Committee双语法例谘询委员会British Dependent Territories citizen英国属土公民British Overseas citizen英国海外公民Building Authority建筑事务监督Buyer买方certificate证书Certificate of Compliance满意纸Charge扺押Chief Justice首席大法官Commissioner监誓员Committed For Trial交付审判Common Law普通法Company公司Conditions of Exchange换地条款Conditions of Grant批地条款Conditions of Sale卖地条款Consul领事Consular Officer领事馆官员Contract of Sale售卖合约Co-owners联名业主Court of Final Appeal终审法院Creditor´s Ordinary Resolution债权人普通决议Creditor´s Special Resolution债权人会议特别决议Creditors´V oluntary Winding债权人自动清盘Debenture债权证Debt Provable in Bankruptcy可证债项Deed of Mutual Covenant大厦公契Document of Title to Goods货品的所有权文件Easement地役权electronic record电子纪录electronic signature电子签署Export输出、出口Fault错失Freehold永久业权Future goods期货Gazette宪报Government Chemist政府化验师Government Land Resumption Ordinance收回官地条例Government Lease官地租契Group of Companies公司集团hash function杂凑函数Import输入、进口Incumbrance负累权益information system资讯系统International court of justice国际法院Joint Tenants共有权益Judge大法官Judge of the Court of Final Appeal终审法院大法官Judgment判决Judgment Creditor判定债权人Judgment Debtor判定债务人Justice, Justice of the peace太平绅士key pair配对密码匙land土地Lands Tribunal土地审裁处Law法律、法例、法Leasehold租用业权Legal Mortgage法定式按揭Listed Company上市公司Medical Practitioner医生Members´V oluntary Winding Up成员自动清盘Mortgage按揭New Territories新界Notary公证人Oath誓言Oath誓言Offence罪、罪行、罪项、犯法行为Official Receiver破产管理署署长Order in Council枢密院颁令Original court原讼法院Personal Representative遗产代理人Plaintiff原告人Police officer警务人员Power权、权力Prevailing Market Rent市值租金Principal Tenant主租客Prison狱、监狱Private Company私人公司private key私人密码匙Privy Council枢密院Profit A Prendre取利权Property产权Property财产Prospectus招股章程public key公开密码匙Quality of Goods货、货品Quality of Goods货品品质record纪录Registrar of the Supreme Court最高法院司法常务官Regulations规例Repeal废除Restrictive Covenant限制性的约言Reversionary Title归属主权Right Of Way过路权或取道权Sale售卖Secured Creditor有抵押债权人Sell卖、售卖、出售Seller卖方Share股﹑股份Sign签名、签署Specific Goods特定货品Statutory Declaration法定声明Subsidiary Legislation附属法例Summary conviction简易程序定罪Tenants-in-common共享权益Tenement物业单位Territorial Waters领海Town Planning Board城市规划委员会Triable Summarily可循简易程序审讯Trustee of Bankruptcy破产受托人trustworthy system稳当系统United Kingdom联合王国Unlisted Company非上市公司verify a digital signature核实数码签署Warranty保证条款Will遗嘱years of age岁、年岁Abatement减免或减轻abduction拐带abortion堕胎absconding弃保潜逃Absolute assignment绝对转让absolute discharge无条件释放absolute liability绝对法律责任acquit [v.]无罪释放Act of God天灾、神力行为adjourn休庭、延期聆讯age of consent同意年龄Agent代理人aiding & abetting教唆、煽动犯罪Arbitration仲裁arbitration仲裁arrest拘捕、逮捕arrestable offence可逮捕罪行arson纵火Articles of Association公司章程assault殴打asymmetric cryptosystem非对称密码系统Authorized share capital法定股本Authorized signature经授权之签名bankruptcy debt破产债项Bearer持票人beneficiary受益人Board of directors董事会Business Registration商业登记Certificate of Origin产地来源证certification practice statement核证作业准则Chairman of the board of directors董事会主席Charge抵押Chattel货物或实产commissioner监誓员Company directors公司董事Company Secretary公司秘书Condition precedent先决条件Conditions批地条款Consideration代价Contract for service服务合约Contract for service服务合约Conversion侵占copyright notice版权通知Cost, insurance, freightCIFCounter-offer反要约Creditor债权人creditors´committee债权人委员会creditors´meeting债权人的会议damage损害damages损害赔偿debt provable in bankruptcy or provable debt可证债权或可证债项debtor债务人deed契据digital signature数码签署discharge解除dispute resolution和调解纠纷dividend股息dormant匿名或不活动drawee受票人drawer发票人economic rights经济权Equal Opportunity Commission平等机会委员会Equitable Charge公义式扺押Equitable Mortgage公义式按揭Forfeiture没收租权intellectual property rights知识产权interim order临时命令Intermeddling干预死者的遗产Law Reform Commission法律改革委员会Legal Charge法定式扺押licensing agreement许可合同moral rights精神权利nominee代名人Nominee´s Report代名人报告notary公证人Official Receiver破产管理署署长ordinary resolution普通决议parallel import平行进口patent专利Payable at sight见票即付Payee受款人property财产proposal建议registered design registration注册外观设计Registered Medical Practitioner注册医生Secretary for Justice律政司司长secured creditor有抵押债权人short term patent短期专利special resolution特别决议Term土地租期The Office of the Commissioner of Insurance保险业监理处Title业权Trade mark商标Trade Mark Ordinance商标条例Trade Mark Registry商标注册处trade mark relating to goods货品商标trade mark relating to services服务商标trustee受托人voluntary arrangement个人自愿安排。

公司法重点英文词汇

外国公司的分支机构
legitimate rights and interests
合法权益
Shareholders of a company with limited 有限责任公司的股东以 liability shall assume liability towards the 其认缴的出资额为限对 company to the extent of the capital 公司承担责任 contributions subscribed respectively by them
损方案
adopt resolution
作出决议
regular meetings
定期会议
interim meetings
临时会议
jointly elected by half and more of the 半数以上股东共同推举 directors
exercise voting rights
行使投票权
公司法重点英文词汇
英文
中文
Incorporation
设立
Organizational Structure
组织机构
Company with Limited Liability
有限责任公司
One-person Companies with Limited 一人有限责任公司 Liability
Wholly Stated-owned Companies
Where the procedures for convening the 股东会或者股东大会、 meeting of the shareholders assembly or 董事会的会议召集程 the shareholders general assembly, or the 序、表决方式违反法 board of directors, or the voting formulas 律、行政法规或者公司 are against laws, administrative 章程，或者决议内容违 regulations or the articles of association of 反公司章程的，股东可 a company, or the content of the 以自决议作出之日起六 resolution adopted is against the 十日内，请求人民法院 company’s articles of association, the 撤销。 shareholders may, within 60 days from the date the resolution is adopted, request the people’s court to rescind the

英国公司法中英文对照

英国公司法中英文对照英国公司法的中英文对照如下：1. 公司 - Company2. 股东 - Shareholder3. 董事 - Director4. 董事会 - Board of Directors5. 董事长 - Chairman6. 高级管理层 - Senior Management7. 董事会会议 - Board Meeting8. 股东大会 - General Meeting9. 注册办事处 - Registered Office10. 注册公司 - Registered Company11. 注册号 - Registration Number12. 股份 - Share13. 招股说明书 - Prospectus14. 公司章程 - Articles of Association15. 股东协议 - Shareholders' Agreement16. 股权 - Equity17. 盈余 - Profits18. 亏损 - Losses19. 年度财务报告 - Annual Financial Report20. 税务申报 - Tax Filing21. 资产 - Assets22. 负债 - Liabilities23. 财政年度 - Financial Year24. 发行股票 - Issue Shares25. 分红 - Dividend26. 合并 - Merger27. 收购 - Acquisition28. 公开上市 - IPO (Initial Public Offering)29. 债权人 - Creditor30. 债务人 - Debtor请注意，以上只是英国公司法中的一些基本术语，实际上英国公司法是一个较为庞大和细致的法律体系，其中的术语和条款远不止这些。

任何具体的法律问题或法律文件应该在寻求专业律师意见之下处理。

社会政治与经济类英语热点词块翻译（2）_翻译资格证书_

社会政治与经济类英语热点词块翻译(2)Baby bond 小额股票Background 背景background investigation 背景调查background material 背景材料Bad 坏的bad account 坏帐，呆帐bad debt loss 坏帐损失bad debt recovey 呆坏帐收回bad title 失效产权Balance 余额，结余，差额，平衡adverse balance 收支逆差balance budget 平衡预算balance of international trade 国际贸易差额balance of payment 国际收支balance sheet 资产负债表balance sheet audit 资产负债表审计balance sheet classification 资产负债表分类balance sheet evaluation 资产负债表评价closing balance 期末差额credit balance 贷方余额foreign currency balance 外汇余额keep balance 保持平衡loss balance 失去平衡negative balance 逆差retained balance from foreign exchange revenue 外汇收入留成余额summary balance sheet 资产负债汇总表Bank 银行all-purpose bank 通用银行bank account balance 银行存款余额bank balance sheet 银行财务状况表bank credit 银行信贷bank debt 银行债务bank discount rate 银行贴现率bank holding company 银行控股公司bank interest 银行利息bank line 银行信用额度bank loan 银行借款bank rate 银行贴现率bank reserve 银行准备金bank’s buying rate 银行买价bank’s call loan 银行同行拆借bank’s selling rate 银行卖价clearing bank 清算银行commercial bank 商业银行cooperative bank 合作银行mortgage bank 抵押银行Banking 金融，银行业banking institution 金融机构Banking Law 银行法banking sector 银行部门Bankrupt 破产bankrupt’s assets 破产者的财产Bankruptcy 破产act of bankruptcy 破产法案arrangement in bankruptcy court 迫产法庭调解bankruptcy administrator 破产管理人bankruptcy amendment act 破产修正案bankruptcy code chapter 7--- liquidation 破产法第7 章（清算）bankruptcy code chapter 11--- reorganization 破产法第11章(重组）bankruptcy court 破产法院bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人bankruptcy judge 破产判决bankruptcy law 破产法bankruptcy notice 破产公告bankruptcy ordinance 破产条例bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产bankruptcy proceedings 破产程序bankruptcy rules 破产规定bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人declaration of bankruptcy 宣布破产Bargain 议价，讨价还价Basic 基本的，基础basic account 基本帐户basic accounting unit 基本核算单位Bear 空头，卖空bear account 空头帐户bear market 熊市，淡市bear transaction 空头交易Beat 还价，杀价Below par 低于票面价值Benchmark 基准Benefit 利益，受益，福利，津贴benefit country 受惠国benefit fund for employees 职工福利基金benefit program 福利计划Benefited 受益的benefited party 受益方Benevolent fund 慈善基金Beta 贝塔（与股票相关的）系数beta risk measurement 贝塔风险系数测定Bid 投标，报价，出价bid bond 投标押金bid opening date 开标日期bid price 买方出价call for bid 招标invite bid 招标Bidder 投标人，投标商Bidding 投标，出价bidding documents 标书Big Board 指美国纽约股票交易所Big Six 指美国六大会计事务所Big Three 指美国三大汽车公司Bilateral 双边的bilateral agreement 双边协议bilateral loans 双边贷款bilateral trade 双边贸易Bill 票据，帐单，发票，钞票bill receivable account 应收票据帐户treasury bill 国库债券Black 黑色的，黑市的blank market price 黑市价格black market transaction 黑市交易Blank 空白的blank check 空白支票Blanket 一揽子的blanket insurance 统括保险blanket mortgage 一揽子抵押Blue chip 兰筹股Blue-chip share 头等股票Blue-chip stock 热门股票Blue-collar worker 兰领工人Blue-sky law 兰天法（防欺诈凭空发行股票的法律）Board 董事会，委员会，理事会board chairman 董事长board meeting 董事会议board of administration 董事会，理事会board of arbitration 仲裁委员会board of audit 审计委员会board of directors 董事会，理事会board of executive director 执行董事会，执行委员会board of manager’s 理事，董事board of supervisors 监事会board of trustees 受托委员会Bond 债券，证券，公债bond broker 债券经纪人bond creditor 债券债权人bond discount 债券折价bond issue 债券发行bond market 债券市场bond premium 债券溢价bond rating agency 债券评级机构bond yield 债券收益callable bond 通知偿还债券convertible bond 可转换债券government bond 政府债券junk bond 拉圾债券listed bond 挂牌债券，上市证券mortgage bond 抵押债券municipal bond 市政债券preference bond 优先债券，优先股registered bond 记名债券treasury bond 国库债券unlisted bond 未挂牌债券，未上市证券Bonded 保税的，有抵押的bonded area 保税区bonded factory 保税工厂bonded goods 保税货物bonded warehouse 保税仓库Bonus 奖金，红利，津贴bonus issue 发放红利股bonus-percentage of profit 利润率分红bonus share 分红股，红利股Book 书籍，帐簿，记帐，定票，订货book depreciation 帐面折旧book-entry securities 记帐证券book inventory 帐面库存book of account 帐簿book profit 帐面利润book value per share 每股帐面价值Boom 繁荣，景气Borrow 借入borrow money on credit 信用借款Borrowed 借入的borrowed capital 借入资本borrowed funds 借入资金borrowed reserve 借入准备金Borrowing 借款，借用borrowing cost 借款成本borrowing limit 借款限额borrowing rate 借款利率Bottleneck 瓶颈Boycott 抵制boycott foreign goods 抵制外国货Branch 分支机构，分公司，分行branch balance sheet 分支机构资产负债表branch financial statement 分支机构财务报表Brand 商标，牌号brand equity 商标资产，品牌资本brand mark 商标brand share 品牌市场占有率brand value 商标价值Breach 违反，不履行breach of agreement 违反协议breach of contract 违反合同Break-even analysis 损益两平分析Break-even point 损益两平点Breakdown 按细目分类Bribe 贿赂Bribee 受贿人Briber 行贿人Bribery 行贿，受贿Broker 经济商Budget 预算budget accounting 预算会计budget act 预算法案budget deficit 预算赤字budget message 预算咨文budget of central government 中央预算budget of local government 地方预算budget planning 编制预算Budgetary 预算的budgetary account 预算帐户budgetary revenue 预算收入Build 建立build modern enterprises system 建立现代企业制度Bull 买方，买空，多头bull market 牛市，涨市Burden 负担social burden 社会负担Bureau 局administrative bureau of state-owned property 国有资产管理局Business 营业，经营，商业，企业，业务business administration 企业管理，工商管理business assets 营业资产business competition 商业竟争business credit 商业贷款business efficiency 经济效率business entity 企业实体business ethics 商业道德business license 营业执照business management 企业管理business performance 经营成绩business policy 经营方针business representative 商务代表business risk 经营风险business strength 业务实力business tax 营业税business valuation 经济评价，企业评估Buy-back agreement 回购合同Buy in stock 购入股票Buyer 买方buyer behavior 买方行为buyer’s credit 买方信贷buyer’s market 买方市场CCancel 取消，作废cancel a contract 取消合同cancel a debt 销帐Cancellation 注销，解约cancellation amount 注销金额Canceled 已注销，已取消Candidate 候选人，候选者candidates for acquisition 收购候选对象Capacity 能力capacity of competition 竟争能力capacity to pay 支付能力credit capacity 偿债能力paying capacity 支付能力purchasing capacity 购买力Capital 资本，股本additional paid-in capital 追加股本金borrowed capital 借入资本business capital 企业资本capital account 资本帐户capital accumulation 资本积累capital appreciation 资本增值capital and liability ratio 资本负债比率capital appreciation 资本增值capital assets account 资本资产账户capital authorized 法定资本，核定资本capital budget 资本预算capital construction investment 基本建设投资capital cost 资本成本，资本费用capital credit certificate 资本信用证书capital deficit 资本亏损capital export country 资本输出国capital in cash 现金资本capital in budget 预算内资金capital increase 增资capital input 资本投入capital investment 资本投资capital lease 资产租赁capital loan 资本借贷capital loss 资本损失capital market rate 资本市场利率capital net worth 资本净值capital paid in 实收资本，已缴资本capital ratio 资本比率capital reorganization 资本重组，资本改组capital reserve 公积金，准备金capital shortage 资金短缺capital stock 股本，股金总额capital structure 资本结构capital surplus 公积金，资本盈余capital transfer tax 资本转移税capital turnover 资金周转，资本周转capital value 资本价值circulating capital 流动资本，流通资本commodity capital 商品资本constant capital 不变资本corporate capital 公司资本current capital 流动资本dead capital 呆滞资本disposable capital 闲置资本entity capital 自有资本financing capital 金融资本group capitals 集团资本idle capital 呆滞资本monetary capital 货币资本net working capital 净流动资金nominal capital 名义资本，额定资本original capital 原始投资private capital 私人资本production capital 生产资本return on capital 资本收益率share capital 股本venture capital 风险资本，投机资本weighted average cost of capital(WACC) 加权平均资本成本Capital-intensive 资本集约型的，资本密集型的Capitalization 资产化capitalization rate 资产化率capitalization ratio 资产构成比率Carry-over 结转carry-over of losses 亏损结转carry-over of stock 库存结转Cash 现金cash account 现金帐户cash assets 现金资本cash audit 现金审计cash balance 现金余额cash equivalent 视同库存现金cash flow analysis 现金流量分析cash in bank 银行现金cash in hold 库存现金cash payment 现金支付cash purchase 现金购买cash transaction 现金交易free cash flows 活动现金流Catalog 目录，产品目录Central 中心的，集中的central bank 中央银行central government 中央政府central management 集中管理central purchasing 集中采购，统购central selling 集中销售，统销Centralization 集中管理方式，集中化centralization and decentralization 集中与分散Certain 某，某些，确定的，一定的certain areas 某些地区certain level 某一水平Certificate 执照，证书，签证certificate fee 证明费，登记费certificate for import inspection 进口检验证书certificate of audit 审计证书certificate of incorporation 公司登记执照certificate of ownership 财产所有权证书certificate of subscription 认股证书certificate of title 产权证书certificate of training 培训证书certificate on capital verification 验资证书Certified 注册的，合格的certified appraiser 注册评估师certified copy 正式核准的副本certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表certified invoice 证实发票certified management accountant (CMA) 注册管理会计师certified mortgage 证实抵押certified public accountant (CPA) 注册会计师Chain store 连锁商店Chairman of the board (of directors) 董事会主席，董事长Challenge 挑战Change 变化，变动change in value of currency 币值变动change in financial position 财务状况变动change of ownership 变更所有权change of registration 变更登记change of title 产权变更，所有权变更change record 变动记录change request 变动请求Channel 渠道channels of distribution 分销渠道channel intermediaries 渠道中间商channel margin 渠道毛利Chapter eleven, bankruptcy code 破产法第十一章Charge 费用，负责additional charge 附加费用charge and discharge statement 资金收支表charge off 注销，冲销extra charge 额外费用free of charge 免费in charge 主管，负责no charge 免收费用Charges 费用，手续费，运费finance charges 财务费用Cheap 廉价的，便宜的cheap credit 低利贷款cheap labour force 廉价劳动力cheap money policy 低息货币政策Check 检查，核对，支票check account 支票帐户check for transfer 转帐支票check up account 对帐Cheque 支票Chief 首领，首席chief accountant 总会计师chief auditor 总审计师chief engineer 总工程师chief executive officer (CEO) 首席执行官chief financial officer (CFO) 主要财务负责人chief operating officer (COO) 主要执行人员CIF (cost, insurance,and freight) 到岸价Circulation 流通，循环circulation area 流通领域commodity circulation 商品流通currency circulation 货币流通Civil 民用的，民事的civil action 民事诉讼Civil Law 民法civil liability 民事责任civil penalty 民事罚款civil right 民权Claim 要求权，索赔，债权claim of ownership 所有权要求claim to property 索赔财产claim statement 索赔清单Classification 分类，科目classification item 分类项目classification of accounts 帐户分类classification of assets 资产分类classification of property 财产分类classification schemes 分类表Classified 分成类的classified balance sheet 分类资产负债表classified depreciation 分类折旧Clause 条款Client 顾客Closed 封闭的closed account 已结帐户closed corporation 封闭式公司closed economy 封闭经济closed-end mortgage 限额型抵押closed-end mutual fund 限额共同基金Closely held company 封闭型控股公司Closing 结算，结帐，收盘closing account 结帐，结算closing cost 成交价closing inventory 期末存货closing of the exchange 交易所收盘closing price 收盘价格closing the transaction 交易结束Coastal 沿海的coastal areas 沿海地区Code 法典，法规，代码civil code 民法commercial code 商法criminal code 刑法postal code 邮政编码Coding 编码coding of account 帐户代码coding of assets 资产代码coding from 编码形式Coexistance of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存Collection 托收Collective 集体的，集合的collective contract 集体合同collective economy 集体经济collective enterprise 集体企业collective labor agreement 集体劳动合同collective ownership 集体所有制collective property 集体财产Colony 殖民地semi-colony 半殖民地Combination 联合，联营，合并combination for sharing business 合伙经营combination of enterprise 企业合并vertical combination 纵向合并Combined enterprise 联合企业Commerce 商业，贸易Commercial 商业的，商务的，贸易的commercial credit insurance 商业信用保险commercial enterprise 商业企业commercial loan 商业贷款Commercialization 商品化，商品化能力commercialization of housing 住房商品化Commission 佣金，银行手续费agency commission 代理手续费commission rate 佣金率Commissioner 局长，专员Commitment 保证，承诺Committee 委员会Commodity 商品commodity circulation 商品流通commodity economy 商品经济commodity exchange 商品交易（所）commodity future 商品期货commodity market 商品市场commodity price index 商品价格指数commodity purchasing power 商品购买力commority transaction 商品交易Common 共同的common market 共同市场common property 共同财产common stock 普通股common stock funds 普通股信托投资基金Community 团体，社区，共同体community economy 公共经济community facilities 公共设施community of nations 国际社会community property 团体财产，共有财产Company 公司company funds 公司基金company limited by shares 股份有限责任公司company of limited liability 有限责任公司company of unlimited liability 无限责任公司company with limited liability 有限责任公司controlled company 受控制公司，子公司controlling company 控股公司foreign-owned company 外国公司insurance company 保险公司joint-stock company 股份公司life insurance company 人寿保险公司loan and trust company 信托公司parent company 母公司private company 非上市公司public service company 公用服务公司stock company 股份公司utility company 公用事业公司underwriting company 担保公司Comparable 可比的comparable price 可比价格comparable transactions analysis 可对比交易分析Compared with last year 与上年比较Compensation 补偿，赔偿compensation trade 补偿贸易Competition 竞争perfect competition 完全竟争imperfect competition 不完全竟争monopolistic competition 垄断竟争pure competition 纯竟争Competitive 竞争的competitive bidding 竞争招标competitive industry 竞争性产业competitive market 竞争市场competitive position 竟争地位competitive power 竞争能力competitive price 竞争价格Competitor 竞争对手Complementarity 经济互补性Composite 综合的，合成的composite depreciation rate of fixed assets 固定资产综合折旧率Composition 成分，组成composition of asset 资产构成composition of capital 资本构成composition of creditors 债权人组成情况composition of industry 产业构成Compound 复合的，混合的compound amount of one 一元的复利本利和compound discount 复利帖现息compound growth rate 复合增长率compound interest depreciation 复利折旧Comprador 买办comprador’s capital 买办资本Comprehensive 综合的，全面的comprehensive analysis 综合分析comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展comprehensive insurance 综合保险comprehansive national power 综合国力Compulsory 强制的，强迫的compulsory arbitration 强制仲裁compulsory measure 强制手段Computerized accounting 电算化会计Concentric acquisition 集中收购Confidence 信任，信用confidence coefficent 置信系数confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平Confirmation 确认，认可confirmation in writing 以书面形式确认Confirmed 确认的，确定的confermed banker’s credit 确认的银行信用证confermed irrevocable letter of credit 保兑的不可撤销的信用证Conflict 冲突，抵触conflict of interest 利益冲突Conglomerate 综合大企业，集团企业conglomerate merger 集团企业合并Consolidated 合并的，综合的consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表consolidated financial statement 合并决算表consolidated income statement 合并损益表，综合损益表consolidated profit and loss statement 汇总损益表consolidated retained earning 合并留存收益consolidated statement 汇总报表Consolidation 联合consolidation by lease 租赁式合并consolidation by merger 兼并式合并Consortium 财团consortium bank 国际银行财团Constant 不变因素，常数constant capital 不变资本constant cost 固定成本constant dollars 不变美元，定值美元constant growth rate 固定增长率constant price 不变价格，固定价格Constituent 组成部分，成分constituent company 子公司Construction 建筑，施工，建设construction balance sheet 基建资产负债表construction bond 基建公债construction loan 基建贷款Consuls 永久债券（永远不支付本金，但付利息）Consultant 顾问，咨询Consultation 咨询，协商consultation committee 顾问委员会，咨询委员会Consulting 咨询，顾问consulting firm 咨询公司consulting service 咨询服务Consumable 消耗品Consumer 消费者，用户consumer market 消费市场consumer price index 消费品价格指数consumer protection 消费者保护Consumption 消费，消耗量consumption fuction 消费函数consumption level 消费水平consumption structure 消费结构consumption tax 消费税excessive consumption 超前消费Contingent 或有的，偶然的，意外的contingent assets 或有资产contingent liability 或有负债Contra 抵消contra account 对销帐户contra balance 对销余额contra-asset account 资产对销科目contra-liability account 负债抵销科目Contract 合同，契约break the contract 撕毁合同contract business 合同交易contract clause 合同条款contract of gurantee 担保契约contract of indemnity 赔偿契约contract of insurance 保险合同contract of sale 销售合同contract of service 劳务合同contract of transfer of technology 技术转让合同contract system 合同制perform a contract 执行合同Contracted 合同规定的contracted investment 合同投资contracted responsibility system for productionwith remuneration linked output 联产承包责任制Contracting 承包的，契约的contracting enterprise 承包企业Contractor 承包商Contractual 契约的contractual item 合同条款contractual obligation 契约责任contractual relation 合同关系contractual right 合同权利Contributed 已缴入的，贡献的，分配的contributed capital 已投入的资本Contribution 贡献，捐献Control 控制，管制control account 统制帐户control company 控股公司control of cost 成本控制control of inflation 通货膨胀控制control of interest rate 利率控制Controlled 管制的，被控制的controlled company 被控制公司controlled corporation 被控制公司controlled economy 受控经济controlled investment 控制投资Controlling 控制，支配controlling company 控股公司controlling interest 多数股权controlling shareholder 有控制权的股东Convention 会议，公约，协定Conversion 兑换，转换conversion cost 转换成本conversion loan 转换贷款conversion rate 汇价conversion ratio 换算比率Convertible 可兑换的，可转换的convertible bond 可转换债券convertible currency 自由外汇convertible securities 可兑换证券convertible stock 可兑换股票Cooperative 合作的cooperative bank 合作银行cooperative society of credit 信用合作社Corporate 公司的，法人的corporate action 法人行为corporate assets 公司资产corporate body 法人团体corporate bond issued 已发行公司债券corporate capital 公司资本corporate combination 公司合并corporate cuture 公司文化corporate fund 公司基金corporate obligation 公司债务corporate reorganization 公司重组corporate strategic planning 公司战略计划corporate structure 公司结构Corporation 股份公司，有限公司，法人corporation with foreign capital 外资公司corporation law 公司法public corporation 公开招股公司Correlation coefficient 相关系数Cost 成本，费用acquisition cost 购置成本actual cost 实际成本anticipated cost method 预期成本法average cost 平均成本borrowing- cost 借债成本carrying cost 维持成本cost account 成本帐户cost accounting 成本会计cost allocation 成本分摊cost analysis 成本分析cost and benefit analysis 成本收益分析cost approach to fair market value 求得公平市场价值的成本法cost control 成本控制cost distribution 成本分摊cost free 免费cost method 成本法cost objective 成本目标cost of capital 资金成本cost of investment 投资成本cost of management 管理费cost of marketing 营销成本cost of replacement 重置成本法cost of reproduction less depreciation 重置成本减折旧cost of sales 销售成本cost-benefit analysis 成本收益分析cost-effectiveness 成本效益cost-of-living index 生活费指数cost plus 成本加价indirect cost 间接成本marginal cost 边际成本material cost 材料成本opportunity cost 机会成本ordering cost 订货成本sunk costs 沉没成本variable costs 变动成本Cottage industry 家庭手工业Council 委员会，政务会council of director 董事会council of economic advisers 经济顾问委员会state council 国务院Coupon 息票，赠券，购物券zero coupon bonds 零息债券Credit 信用，信贷credit agency 信贷机构credit analysis 信用分析credit and loan 信贷credit bank 信贷银行credit capacity 信贷能力credit capital 信贷资金credit card 信用卡credit crisis 信贷危机credit rating 信用评级credit risk 信贷风险credit standing 商业信誉credit union 信用社rural credit cooperatives 农村信用社urban credit cooperatives 城市信用社Creditor 债权人creditor bank 债权银行creditor country 债权国creditor of bankruptcy 破产债权人creditor’s equity 债权人权益creditor’s meeting 债权人大会secured creditors’ committee 有抵押债权人委员会unsecured creditors’ committee 无抵押债权人委员会Crisis 危机crisis export 转嫁危机crisis of confidence 信任危机Cumulative 累积的cumulative balance 累积余额cumulative preference share 累积优先股份Currency 货币currency crisis 货币危机currency devaluation 货币贬值currency revaluation 货币增值Current 通用的，流动的current assets 流动资产current account balance sheet 流动资产负债表current account deposits 活期帐户存款current asset losses in suspense 待处理流动资产损失current debt ratio 流动负债比率current fund employed per 100 Yuan ofsales revenue 每百元销售收入占用流动资金current fund employment rate 流动资金占有率current fund loan 流动资金借款current fund turnover days 流动资金周转天数current intangibles 无形流动资产current liability 流动负债current maturity of long term debt 本年内到期的长期负债current-noncurrent method 对国外业务按现行汇率折合算法current ratio 流动比率current surplus 本期盈余current tangible assets 有形流动资产current term net loss 本期净损失current term net profit or loss 本期净损益Customer 客户，顾客Customs 海关customs duty 关税Cut 削减cut the price 减价，削价Cycle 周期cycle of money 货币周转product life cycle(PLC) 产品寿命周期DDate 日期date of acquisition 购置日期，收购日期date of issue 发行日期Deadline 最后期限Deal 交易deal negotiation 交易谈判forward deal 期货交易Dealer 经纪人，零售商Dealing 交易，买卖Debenture 信用债券，海关退税Debit 借方debit and credit 借方和贷方debit balance 借方结余Debt 债务，负债book debt 帐面负债debt burden 债务负担debt capacity 借债能力debt capital market 债务资本市场debt conversion 发新债换旧债debt due 负债到期debt equity rario 负债产权比率debt-equity swap 负债权益交换debt financing 举债筹资debt instrument 债务证券debt paying ability 偿债能力debt provable in bankruptcy 可证明的破产债务debt security 债务证券debt service fund 偿债基金debt service rate 外债偿还比例debt servicing capacity 外债偿还能力debt to equity 债务转换Debtee 债权人Debtor 债务人Decentralization 分散经营，分散管理Decentralized 分散管理的Decision 决策，决定decision-making 决策decision model 决策模型decision support system 决策支持系统Declaration 公告，宣告，申报declaration of bankruptcy 破产宣告Deepening reform 深化改革with the deepening of economic reforms 随着经济改革的深入Default 违约，拖欠default clause 违约条款default in the payment 拖欠付款default interest 过期罚金default of obligation 不履行债务default of payment 不履行付款义务default on payment 不偿还贷款Defence 国防，辩护，答辩defence budget 国防预算defence industries 国防工业Defer 延期Deferred 延期的deferred account 递延帐户deferred assets 递延资产deferred payment 延期付款Deficit 赤字，亏损，逆差deficit account 赤字帐户deficit balance 赤字差额deficit budget 赤字预算deficit finance 赤字财政deficit spending 赤字支出，透支deficit statement 亏损表Definition 定义，明确property rights definition 产权界定Deflation 紧缩deflation policy 紧缩政策Defunct company 已停业公司Degree 程度，度degree of accuracy 精确度degree of dependence on inport 进口依赖程度degree of monopoly 垄断程度Degressive 递减的degressive depreciation 递减折旧degressive tax rate 累退税率Deindustrialization 非工业化Delay 拖延，延期Delayed 过期的，拖延的，延期的Delegation 代表团delegation of authority 官方代表团delegation of trade 贸易代表团Deliver 交货，寄信Delivered 已交货，已支付的Delivery 交货，交付Demand 需求，要求demand analysis 需求分析demand deposit 活期存款demand forecast 需求预测demand loan 活期放款demand note 即期票据，交费通知demand over supply 供不应求demand-pull inflation 由需求引起的通货膨胀pent-up demand 被抑制的需求Demographic 人口统计的demographic analysis 人口分析demographic census 人口调查demographic situation 人口状况Denationalization 非国有化denationalization process 非国有化过程Department 部门，司，局department accounting 部门会计department in charge 主管部门Depletion 折耗，损耗depletion assets 折耗资产Deposit 存款，抵押，保证金deposit in current account 往来存款deposit in foreign currency 外币存款Depreciable 应计折旧的depreciable assets 应计折旧资产depreciable life 折旧年限depreciable property 应计折旧财产Depreciated 折旧后的Depreciation 折旧accumulated depreciation 累计折旧decreasing depreciation 递减折旧depreciation account 折旧帐户depreciation allowance 折旧费depreciation allowed 可提折旧额depreciation and depletion 折旧与报废depreciation base 折旧基数depreciation by composite life method 平均年限折旧法depreciation by composite life method 综合年限法折旧depreciation by declining balance method 余额递减法折旧depreciation by percentage of original cost 原始成本定率折旧depreciation by production method 产量折旧法depreciation by replacement method 重置成本法折旧depreciation by straight-line method 直线法折旧depreciation by working hours method 工作时间法折旧depreciation expenses 折旧费depreciation of major repair 大修折旧depreciation on fixed assets 固定资产折旧depreciation-annuity method 年金折旧法depreciation-appraisal method 估价折旧法depreciation-arbitrary method 任意折旧法Depression 不景气，萧条Designated 指定的designated bank 指定银行designated currency 指定货币designated deposit 指定存款Detail 细节Detailed 详细的，明细的detailed statement of accounts 帐户明细表detailed rule 细则Devaluation 贬值Developed 发达的developed country 发达国家developed market economy 发达市场经济least developed country 最不发达国家Developing 发展中的developing countries 发展中国家developing market economy 发展中市场经济Development 开发，发展development bank 开发银行development fund 发展基金Difference 差，差额，差别difference account 差额计算帐户difference in exchange rate 汇率差额difference in price 价差Diminishing 递减，减少diminishing balance method of depreciation 余额递减折旧方法diminishing cost 递减成本diminishing returns 递减回报Direct 直接direct charge-off method 直接冲销法direct cost 直接成本direct costing 直接成本计算direct dealing 直接交易direct expenses 直接费用direct financing lease 直接筹资租赁direct investment 直接投资direct liability 直接负债direct marketing 直接销售direct overhead 直接制造费用direct sales 直销Director 董事，理事，主任director board 董事会Discharge 解除，免除，兑现完成discharge liability 解除债务discharge of a debt 免除债务discharge of contract 合同解除Disclosure 披露，揭露，企业决算公开disclosure requirements 资料公开的要求disclosure system 披露制度Discount 贴现，折扣，减价debt discount 债务贴现discount bank 贴现银行discount bond 按面值折价发行的债券discount cash flow 现金收支折现法discount factors 贴现系数表discount for cash 贴现discount interest 贴现利息discount liability 折价债务discount loan 贴现贷款discount market 贴现市场discount method 折扣方法discount of bill 票据贴现discount on share 股票折价discount on stock 股本折价discount rate 贴现率，折扣率discount securities 折扣证券Discounted 已贴现的，已折扣的discounted cash flow technique 现金流量折现法discounted present value 贴现后的现值Disposal 处理disposal costs 清理成本disposal of fixed assets 固定资产变卖Distributable 可供分配的distributable earnings 可分配收益Distribute 分销，分配distribute dividends 派息，分红Distributed 已分配的，已分摊的distributed cost 已分摊成本distributed profit 已分配利润Distribution 分布，分配，销售distribution according to labour 按劳分配distribution according to needs 按需分配distribution cost analysis 经销成本分析distribution of income 收入分配distribution of net profit 净利润分配distribution of property 财产分配poisson distribution 泊松分布Distributor 批发商，经销商District 地方，地区district court 地方法院Diversification 多元化，多种经营Diversified 多种经营的diversified business 多样化经营diversified common stock fund 分散普遍股基金diversified company 多种经营公司diversified economy 多种经济Dividend 股息，股利dividend accumulation 累计红利dividend distribution 股息分配dividend from capital 资本股利dividend growth model 红利增长模式dividend payable 应付股息dividend payout ratio 股息分配率，红利支付比率dividend policy 分红政策dividend preference 优先股利dividend rate 股息率dividend tax 股息税dividend yields 红利回报率stock dividend 配股Division 部门，分公司，划分，分配division management 部门管理division of labour 分工Domestic 国内的domestic affairs 内政domestic bond 国内债券domestic price 国内价格domestic trade 国内贸易Dominating enterprise 占优势企业Donated 捐赠的donated assets 捐赠资产donated capital 捐赠资本donated fund 捐赠基金donated property 捐赠财产donated stock 捐赠股份Donation 捐款，捐赠Double 两位的，加倍的，复式double-check 复查核对double-digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀double entry 复式计帐double taxation 双重征税Dow Jones Index 道琼斯指数Dow Jones Industrial Average 道琼斯工业平均数Down payment 定金Drain 流失drain of capital 资金外流drain of state owned property 国有资产流失stem drain of state assets 防止（堵塞）国有资产流失to prevent the drain of state owned property 防止国有资产流失Dual 双重，二元dual market price 双重市场价格dual recognition 双重承认dual taxation 双重纳税Due diligence 应有的关注Dumping 倾销dumoing code 反倾销法案dumoing duty 倾销税dumping export 倾销出口dumping price 倾销价格。

公司法务英文术语

公司法务英文术语English:Company law, also known as corporate law, is the body of law that governs the rights, relations, and conduct of persons, companies, organizations, and businesses. It deals with issues such as company formation, governance, operations, management, and dissolution. The main purpose of company law is to ensure that businesses operate within the legal framework, and to protect the interests of shareholders, employees, creditors, and other stakeholders. Key aspects of company law include the formation of companies, corporate governance, compliance with statutory requirements, mergers and acquisitions, and corporate restructuring.中文翻译:公司法，也被称为公司法律，是指管辖个人、公司、组织以及企业之间的权利、关系和行为的法律体系。

它涉及公司的成立、治理、运营、管理和解散等问题。

公司法的主要目的是确保企业在法律框架内运作，并保护股东、员工、债权人和其他利益相关者的利益。

公司法的关键方面包括公司的成立、公司治理、符合法定要求的合规性、兼并收购和公司重组。

英国公司法(修改版)

第一章英国公司法概况
（一）从公司的角度我国《公司法》第七十五条有下列情形之一的，对股东会该项决议投反对票的股东可以请求公司按照合理的价格收购其股权：（一）公司连续五年不向股东分配利润，而公司该五年连续盈利，并且符合本法规定的分配利润条件的；（二）公司合并、分立、转让主要财产的；（三）公司章程规定的营业期限届满或者章程规定的其他解散事由出现，股东会会议通过决议修改章程使公司存续的。
第一章英国公司法概况

4. 验资程序自行申报出资，无须验资；全部出资必须经依法设立的验资机构验资并出具证明。（已修改）

5. 有无章程无须拟定企业章程；必须由股东共同制定章程。
第一章英国公司法概况

6. 治理结构
投资人可自行管理企业事务，也可委托或聘用他人管理；设股东会、董事会与监事会或执行董事与监事。
第一章英国公司法概况
独资企业与有限责任公司的区别：

1. 企业名称 2. 营业执照 3. 投资人数
不得含“有限”字样；必须在名称中标明“有限责任公司”或者“有限公司”字样。

领取的是非法人性“营业执照”；领取的是“企业法人营业执照”。

仅为一个自然人投资；一个股东以上五十个股东以下（我国），股东既可为自然人，也可为法人。
第一章英国公司法概况
判决：
公司停产后两股东签署了“股东会纪要”，两股东均应自觉按“纪要”办。两股东在是否应对乙公司进行起诉问题上产生分歧，且至今未能取得一致意见，故应视为本案的起诉不是甲公司的真实意思表示，故驳回原告甲公司的起诉。案件受理费 50元由原告负担。
第一章英国公司法概况

三、集中或专门管理

公司法(部分)翻译中英对照(便于打印版)

英译汉1.A company shall regard its main office as its domicile. 公司以其主要办事机构所在地为住所。

2.The shareholders should affix their signatures or seals to the bylaw of the company. 股东应当在公司章程上签名、盖章。

3.The term "company" as mentioned in this Law refers to a limited liability company or a joint stock company limited set up within the territory of the People's Republic of China according to the provisions of this Law. 本法所称公司是指依照本法在中国境内设立的有限责任公司和股份有限公司。

4.The legitimate rights and interests of a company shall be protected by laws and may not be trespassed. 公司的合法权益受法律保护，不受侵犯。

5.A limited liability company established according to this Law shall include the words of "limited liability company" or "limited company" in its name. 依照本法设立的有限责任公司，必须在公司名称中标明有限责任公司或者有限公司字样。

6.If a company intends to provide guaranty to a shareholder or actual controller of the company, it shall make a resolution through the shareholder's meeting or shareholders' assembly. 公司为公司股东或者实际控制人提供担保的，必须经股东会或者股东大会决议。

【ket】ket分类词汇表完整详细版

【ket】ket分类词汇表完整详细版下面是一个完整且详细的【ket】分类词汇表，供您参考：A类- Access to Justice （司法访问）- Acts of Parliament （议会法）- Administrative Law （行政法）- Admissibility （可采信性）- Agreement （协议）- Alternative Dispute Resolution （ADR，另外争议解决）- Appeal （上诉）- Arbitration （仲裁）- Assault （袭击）- Assignment of Contract （合同转让）- Attorney (also Solicitor, Lawyer) （律师）- Authorization （授权）- Autonomy （自主）B类- Bail （保释）- Bankruptcy （破产）- Barrister （大律师）- Breach of Contract （违反合同）- Burden of Proof （举证责任）- Business Law （商法）C类- Case Law （判例法）- Cause of Action （诉因）- Civil Law （民法）- Class Action （集体诉讼）- Constitution （宪法）- Contract （合同）- Copyright （版权）- Corporate Law （公司法）- Criminal Law （刑法）- Custody （监护权）D类- Damages （损害赔偿）- Deed （契约）- Defendant （被告）- Direct Evidence （直接证据）- Dispute Resolution （争议解决）- Divorce （离婚）E类- Employment Law （劳动法）- Equity （衡平法）- Estoppel （禁止反言）- Evidence （证据）- Executor （执行人）F类- Fraud （欺诈）I类- Intellectual Property （知识产权）J类- Judge （法官）- Jurisdiction （管辖权）- Jury （陪审团）L类- Law Society （律师协会）- Legal Aid （法律援助）- Legal Research （法律研究）- Legislation （立法）- Liability （法律责任）- Lien （留置权）- Litigation （诉讼）M类- Mediation （调解）- Mooting （模拟庭审）- Murder （谋杀）N类- Negligence （过失）P类- Patent （专利）- Personal Injury （人身伤害）- Plaintiff （原告）- Precedent （先例）- Property Law （财产法）R类- Rape （强奸）- Reasonable Care （合理关怀）- Remedy （救济）- Rule of Law （法治）S类- Statute （法令）- Summary Judgment （判决审查）- Supreme Court （最高法院）T类- Tort （侵权）- Trademark （商标）- Trust （信托）U类- Unilateral Contract （单方合同）W类- Will （遗嘱）- Witness （证人）- Wrongful Death （非正当死亡）以上是【ket】分类词汇表的完整详细版。

公司法重点英文词汇

non-currencyproperty
非货币财产
on schedule and in full
按期足额
in addition to paying to the company of his portion ofthe capital contributions in full, he shall be liable for breach of contract towards the shareholders who have, on schedule and in full, made their capital contributions.
除应当向公司足额缴纳外，还应当向已按期足额缴纳出资的股东承担违约责任
capital verification certificates
验资证明
Submit
报送
make up the difference
补足差额
others who are shareholders at the time of the incorporation of the company shall bear joint and several liability therefore
审议批准
annual financial budget plan and final accounts plan of the company
公司年度预决算方案
company’s plans for profit distribution and for making up losses
利润分配方案和弥补亏损方案
股东会或者股东大会、董事会的会议召集程序、表决方式违反法律、行政法规或者公司章程，或者决议内容违反公司章程的，股东可以自决议作出之日起六十日内，请求人民法院撤销。

（完整版）法律英语词汇大全（完美版）

（完整版）法律英语词汇大全（完美版）法律渊源source of law制定法statute判例法case law; precedent普通法common law特别法special law固有法native law; indigenous law继受法adopted law实体法substantial law程序法procedural law原则法fundamental law例外法exception law司法解释judicial interpretation习惯法customary law公序良俗public order and moral自然法natural law罗马法Roman Law私法private law公法public law市民法jus civile万民法jus gentium民法法系civil law system英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system普通法common law大陆法continental law罗马法系Roman law system衡平法equity; law of equity日尔曼法Germantic law教会法ecclesiastical law寺院法canon law伊斯兰法Islamic law 民法法律规范norm of civil law 授权规范authorization norm禁止规范forbidding norm义务性规范obligatory norm命令性规范commanding norm民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality自愿原则principle of free will公平原则principle of justice等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange诚实信用原则principle of good faith行为act作为ac不作为omission合法行为lawful act违法行为unlawful act民事权利权利能力civil right绝对权absolute right相对权relative right优先权right of priority先买权preemption原权antecedent right救济权right of relief支配权right of dominion请求权right of claim物上请求权right of claim for real thing形成权right of formation撤销权right of claiming cancellation否认权right of claiming cancellation解除权right of renouncement代位权subrogated right选择权right of choice承认权right of admission终止权right of termination抗辩权right of defense一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right 同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance既得权tested right期待权expectant right专属权exclusive right非专属权non-exclusive right人身权利personal right人权human right人格权right of personality生命健康权right of life and health姓名权right of name名称权right of name肖像权right of portraiture自由权right of freedom名誉权right reputation隐私权right of privacy私生活秘密权right of privacy贞操权virginity right身份权right of status亲权parental power; parental right 亲属权right of relative 探视权visitation right配偶权right of spouse荣誉权right of honor权利的保护protection of right公力救济public protection私力救济self-protection权利本位standard of right社会本位standard of society无责任行为irresponsible right正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence 防卫行为act of defence自为行为self-conducting act紧急避险act of rescue; necessity自助行为act of self-help不可抗力force majeure意外事件accident行为能力capacity for act意思能力capacity of will民事行为civil act意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus 完全行为能力perfect capacity for act限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person保佐protection自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity无行为能力incapacity for act禁治产人interdicted person自然人natural person公民citizen住所domicile居所residence经常居住地frequently dwelling place户籍census register监护guardianship个体工商户individual business农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household 合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnership agreement合伙财产property of partnership合伙债务debt of partnership入伙join partnership退伙withdrawal from partnership合伙企业partnership business establishment 个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnership of legal person特别合伙special partnership普通合伙general partnership有限合伙limited partnership民事合伙civil partnership隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship法人legal person企业法人legal body of enterprise企业集团group of enterprise关联企业affiliate enterprise个人独资企业individual business establishment 国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise 中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise社团法人legal body of mass organization财团法人legal body of financial group联营joint venture法人型联营association of legal persons合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership协作型联营cooperation-type coordinated management合作社cooperative民事法律行为civil legal act单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act 双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act 法律翻译公司诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act 要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act 要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act 不要因民事法律行为noncausative civil legal act主民事法律行为principal civil legal act从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act附条件民事法律行为conditional civil legal act附期限民事法律行为civil legal act with term 生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death 死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death 准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act无效行为ineffective act可撤销民事行为revocable civil act违法行为illegal act; unlawful act侵权行为tort欺诈fraud胁迫duress乘人之危ta king advantage of others’precarious position以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention恶意串通malicious collaboration重大误解gross misunderstanding显失公平obvious unjust误传misrepresentation代理agency本人principal被代理人principal受托人trustee代理人agent本代理人original agent法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent委托代理人agent by mandate指定代理人designated agent复代理人subagent 再代理人subagent转代理人subagent代理权right of agency授权行为act of authorization授权委托书power of attorney代理行为act of agency委托代理agency by mandate本代理original agency复代理subagency次代理subagency有权代理authorized agency表见代理agency by estoppel; apparent agency 律师代理agency by lawyer普通代理general agency全权代理general agency全权代理委托书general power of attorney共同代理joint agency独家代理sole agency居间brokerage居间人broker行纪commission; broker house信托trust时效time limit; prescription; limitation时效中止suspension of prescription/limitation 时效中断interruption oflimitation/prescription时效延长extension of limitation取得时效acquisitive prescription时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription期日date期间term涉外民事关系civil relations with foreign elements冲突规范rule of conflict准据法applicable law; governing law反致renvoi; remission转致transmission识别identification公共秩序保留reserve of public order法律规避evasion of law国籍nationality国有化nationalization法律责任legal liability民事责任civil liability/responsibility行政责任administrative liability/responsibility 刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility违约责任liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default有限责任limited liability无限责任unlimited liability按份责任shared/several liability连带责任joint and several liability过失责任liability for negligence; negligent liability过错责任fault liability; liability for fault单独过错sole fault共同过错joint fault混合过错mixed fault被害人过错victim’s fault第三人过错third party’s fault 推定过错presumptive fault恶意bad faith; malice故意deliberate intention; intention; willfulness 过失negligence重大过失gross negligence疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertent negligence过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption损害事实facts of damage有形损失tangible damage/loss无形损失intangible damage/loss财产损失property damage/loss人身损失personal damage/loss精神损失spiritual damage/loss民事责任承担方式methods of bearing civil liability停止侵害cease the infringing act排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle消除危险elimination of danger返还财产restitution of property恢复原状restitution; restitution of original state赔偿损失compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss支付违约金payment of liquidated damage消除影响eliminate ill effects恢复名誉rehabilitate one’s reputation赔礼道歉extend a formal apology物权jus ad rem; right in rem; real right物权制度real right system; right in rem system一物一权原则the principal of One thing, One Right物权法定主义principal of legality of right in rem物权公示原则principal of public summons of right in rem 物权法jus rerem物property生产资料raw material for production生活资料means of livelihood; means of subsistence流通物res in commercium; a thing in commerce限制流通物limited merchantable thing禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce 资产asset固定资产fixed asset流动资产current asset; floating asset动产movables; chattel不动产immovable; real estate特定物res certae; a certain thing种类物genus; indefinite thing可分物res divisibiles; divisible things不可分物res indivisibiles; indivisible things 主物res capitalis;a principal thing从物res accessoria; an accessory thing原物original thing 孳息fruits天然孳息natural fruits法定孳息legal fruits无主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods遗失物lost property漂流物drifting object埋藏物fortuna; hidden property货币currency证券securities债券bond物权分类classification of right in rem/real right自物权jus in re propria; right of full ownership 所有权dominium; ownership; title所有权凭证document of title; title of ownership占有权dominium utile; equitable ownership使用权right of use; right to use of收益权right to earnings; right to yields处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi善意占有possession in good faith恶意占有malicious possession按份共有several possession共同共有joint possession他物权jus in re aliena用益物权real right for usufruct使用权right to use; right of use土地使用权right to the use of land林权forest ownership采矿权mining ownership经营权managerial authority; power of management承包经营权right to contracted management相邻权neighboring right; relatedright地上权superficies永佃权jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract 地役权servitude; easement 人役权servitus personarum; personal servitude 担保物权real right for security物的担保security for thing物的瑕疵担保warranty against defect of a thing抵押权hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage抵押权的设定creation of right to mortgage抵押人mortgagor抵押权人mortgagee抵押标的物collateral; estate under mortgage 抵押权的效力deffect of right to mortgage抵押权的次序sequence of right to mortgage 抵押权的抛弃abandonment of right to mortgage抵押权的让与alienation of right to mortgage 抵押权的实现materialization of right to mortgage抵押权的消灭extinction of right to mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage 抵押物登记registration of estate under mortgage抵押优先权priority of mortgage 留置权lien一般留置权general lien特别留置权special lien质权hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge佃权tenant right债权jus in personam; right to give or procure; claim;creditor’s right债权人creditor债务人debtor相对人counterpart; offeree给付give; pay债务debt; liability; obligation债务的偿还payment of debt债务的偿清discharge of debt债务的担保guarantee of debt债务的合并consolidation of debt债务的给付日期debt maturity债务的免除exemption of debt债的分类obligatio; obligation法定之债legal obligation任意之债voluntary obligation简单之债simple obligation选择之债alternative obligation主债prime/principal obligation从债accessory obligation单一之债single obligation按份之债several obligation连带之债joint obligation特定之债certain obligation种类之债indefinite obligation合同之债contractual obligation侵权行为之债tort obligation损害赔偿之债obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages人身损害damage to person精神损害moral/mental/spiritual damage医药费hospital treatment expense医疗费medical charge抚恤金pension慰问金consolation money产品瑕疵defect of product不当得利unjust enrichment无因管理voluntary service债的担保guarantee of obligation财产担保property guarantee信用担保credit guarantee让与担保alienation guarantee保证guaranty明示保证express guaranty默示保证implied guaranty保证人guarantor保证合同contract of guaranty/suretyship保证金guaranty bond; security deposit押金deposit; foregift预付款advanced payment定金earnest money; deposit违约金liquidated damages法定违约金liquidated damages by law约定违约金liquidated damages by agreement 债的履行performance of obligation实际履行原则doctrine of specific performance情事变更原则doctrine of change of circumstances不当履行misfeasance清偿discharge; satisfaction提存debtor’s submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent authority抵销setoff知识产权intellectual property知识产权国际保护international protection of intellectual property国民待遇原则doctrine of national treatment 优先权原则a right of priority doctrine自动保护原则doctrine of automatic protection 特许权使用费royalties智力成果intellectual property著作权copyright版权copyright著作权人copyright owner创作creation作品opus; product; work著作人格权right of personality of copyright 发表权right of publication署名权right of authorship; right of paternity修改权right of modification; right of revision 完整性保持权right to maintain integrity不可侵犯权inviolability收回权right of recall; right of retrieval自费出版publish a book at the author’s own expense著作财产权property right in work使用收益分享权right to share usufruct利用权right to make use of获得报酬权right to get payment重播权right of rebroadcasting录制权right of fixation机械复制权right of mechanograph; right of mechanical reproduction著作邻接权neighboring right of copyright 剽窃plagiary; plagiarism盗版pirate盗版VCD pirated VCD伪造forge工业产权industrial property专利权patent right优先权日priority date申请在先原则prior application rule使用在先priority of use新颖性novelty创造性creativity实用性practicability发明创造invention and creation实用新型utility model外观设计design; industrial design发明权right of invention发现权right of discovery专利申请patent application专利异议objection to a patent专利公告patent gazette专利续展费renewal fee of patent专利许可协议patent licensing agreement 技术诀窍know-how 专有技术know-how专利证书certificate of patent专利事务所patent office专利代理patent agency中华人民共和国专利局Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China商标权trademark right商标国际注册international registration of trademark商品商标commodity trademark服务商标service trademark驰名商标reputed trademark广告商标advertisement trademark近似商标similar trademark商标评审委员会trade review and appraisal board商标审查trademark examination商标侵权trademark infringement商标注册registered trademark商标公告trademark gazette注册商标使用许可licensing of registered trademark注册商标转让assignment of registered trademark商标使用许可协议trademark licensing agreement商标事务所trademark office商标代理trademark agency婚姻、家庭、继承、收养marriage, family,inheritance, adoption婚姻法marital law; marriage law包办婚姻arranged marriage财产分割partition; dismemberment of property重婚bigamy独生子女only child法律婚legal marriage非婚生子女illegitimate child夫妻共同财产community property夫妻关系conjugal relationship夫妻分居divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board复婚resumption of marriage感情破裂incompatibility婚后财产公证notarization of postnuptial properties婚姻登记marriage registration婚生子女ligitimate child计划生育birth control结婚marry离婚divorce买卖婚姻mercenary marriage拟制血亲blood relations in fiction of law 旁系血亲collateral relation blood relation 涉外婚姻marriage with foreign elements 配偶spouse事实婚de facto marriage诉讼离婚divorce by litigation探视权visitation right同居cohabitation 晚婚late marriage无效婚姻void marriage协议离婚divorce by agreement一夫一妻制monogamy早婚early marriage直系血亲lineal descent自然血亲natural blood relation收养法adoption law收养协议adoption agreement收养人adoptive parent送养人person or institution placing out a child for adoption 涉外收养adoption with foreign elements继承法inheritance law; law of succession法定继承legal seccession遗嘱继承intestate succession遗赠继承succession by devise自然继承natural succession代位继承representation; succession by subrogation世袭继承hereditary succession间接继承indirect succession转继承subsuccession共同继承joint succession单独继承single succession继承人heir; successor第二顺序继承人successor second in order第一顺序继承人successor first in order继承参与人succession participant遗产inheritance; heritage遗产继承人heir to property; inheritor遗言last will and testament遗书last words遗赠bequest; legacy; devise遗赠抚养协议legacy-support agreement会计法accounting law税法tax law; taxation law反不正当竞争法anti-unfair competition law 消费者权益保护法consumer’s interest protection law产品责任法production liability law消费者权益法consumer rights and interests law公司法company law; corporate law公司company; corporation有限责任公司limited liability company股份有限公司company limited by shares无限公司unlimited company股份两合公司joint stock limited liability partnership两合公司joint liability company控股公司holding company集团公司group company合资公司joint venture company联营公司associated company; affiliated company国营公司state-own company国有公司state-owned company民营公司civilian-run company本国公司national/domestic company外国公司foreign company 上市公司listed company 母公司parent company子公司subsidiary皮包公司briefcase company; fundless company募集设立incorporation by stock floatation发起人floater; initiator公司名称name of company公司住址domicile of company出资contribution; capital subscription现金出资investment in cash实物出资investment in kind工业产权出资investment in industrial property right 非专有技术出资investment in non-patent technology 劳务出资investment in labor高新技术成果出资investment in hi-tech achievements 注册资本registered capital实缴资本paid-in capital验资报告capital verification report会计师事务所certified public accountants注册会计师certified public accountant资本三原则three doctrine of capital资本确定原则doctrine of capital determination资本维持原则doctrine of capital maintenance 资本不变原则doctrine of unchanging capital 最低资本额制度minimum capital system公司章程articles of association; articles ofincorporation; bylaw公司登记incorporation; corporate registration 公司存续existence of company公司合并分立merger and split of company 公司并购corporate merger and acquisition公司管理corporate governance; company management公司法律顾问corporate counsel公司整顿company rectification公司歇业closure of business公司和解company composition公司解散company dissolution公司清算company liquidation公司清理company winding-up竞业禁止non-commpete; competition prohibition招股章程prospectus股本stock capital股东shareholder股东大会shareholders’meeting股东大会决议resolution of shareholders’meeting股东大会议事规则rule of procedure of shareholders’meeting表决权voting right; right to vote董事director董事长president/chairman of the board首席执行官chief executive officer(CEO)首席运营官chief operation officer(COO)执行董事executive director常务董事managing director 董事会board of directors董事会领导下的经理负责制responsibility system of the chief executive officer under the leadership of the board of directors 经理独立负责制manager independent responsibility system 监事supervisor监事会board of supervisors股share; stock普通股common stock特别股special stock资格股qualification stock优先股preferred stock劣后股inferior stock表决权股stock with voting power溢价股premium stock折价股converting stock国家股state-owned share集体股collective share法人股corporate share企业股enterprise share个人股individual share股息dividend红股bonus stock; dividend stock法定公积金legal accumulation fund资本公积金capital accumulation fund盈余公积金surplus accumulation fund任意公积金optional accumulation fund公司犯罪corporate crime证券法securities law证券发行issuance of securities证券上市list securities; float an issue证券交易所stock exchange证券商securities dealer证券公司securities company证券承销商consortium of underwriters证券承销合同underwriting contract证券经纪人securities broker披露制度disclosing system交割日closing date风险投资基金venture capital fund上海证券交易所Shanghai Stock Exchange 深圳证券交易所Shenzhen Stock Exchange 证券监督委员会securities supervision committee票据法law of negotiable instrument票据notes; bills; commercial instruments商业票据bill; commercial instrument远期票据time bill;; long-dated bill到期票据matured bill即期票据sight bill记名票据bill payable to order; note to order 不记名票据bearer instrument本票promissory note支票cheque汇票bill of exchange发票日ticket day出票日date of draft/issue发票地place of draft/issue票据到期日bill to mature票据金额sum of bill 票面价额face value票据出票人drawer票据持票人bill holder票据承兑人bill acceptor票据行为act on commercial paper承兑票据honor a bill票据议付negotiation拒付票据protest a bill票据付款人drawee票据支付人payer on commercial instrument 票据收款人bill collector票据背书人endorser/indorser of a bill被背书人endorsee票据保证人bill guarantor票据被保证人bill pledgee/warrantee再追索人renewed recourser前手remote holder后手subsequent endorser票据权利right of bill票据期限term of bill; tenor票据债务人debtor of commercial instrument 追索权right of recourse票据抗辩exception to bill票据丧失loss of bill票据时效prescription of exchanges票据贴现discount of bill再贴现rediscount of bill恩惠期间term of benevolence票据代理agency for notes/bills/commercial instruments海商法maritime law船舶国籍证书certificate of registry; certificate of ship’s nationality船棋国flag country船舶所有权证书certificate of ship ownership 船舶检验register of ship船舶保险insurance on hull船舶保险单hull insurance policy船舶登记证书certificate of registry船舶丈量tonnage measurement of ships船舶进港费groundage船舶抵押ship mortgage船舶租赁ship chartering船舶转租ship subchartering船舶所有人责任限制limitation of liabilities of ship owners船舶碰撞ship collision船舶遇难maritime distress海上灾难perils of the sea海上拖航marine towage船舶扣押detention of ship船舶债权ship’s credit船级社classification society船级证书certificate of class海上留置权maritime lien船舶留置权maritime lien船舶抵押权maritime mortgage海上优先请求权priority claim to seagoing ships救助优先权priority claim to salvage共同海损优先权priority claim to general average服务优先权priority claim to service货物损害优先权priority claim to cargo damage传播抵押借款和货物抵押借款优先权priority claim to ship credit and goods credit海运合同shipping contract提单bill of lading(B/L)空舱费dead freight租船费charterage租船合同charter-party contract of affreightment期租船合同time charter-party; time CP航次租船合同voyage charter-party定期租船合同time charter-party光船租船合同bareboat charter-party; bareboat CP包租运输合同shipping charter-party海上旅客运输合同contract for carriage of passengers by sea 远洋拖带合同contract of ocean towage港内拖带合同contract of port towage海难救助合同salvage contract海事报告master’s protest;; sea protest海事声明书sea protest海事争议maritime dispute海事法院maritime court;; admiralty court海事诉讼程序maritime proceedings船舶碰撞案件的民事管辖权civil jurisdiction of sea collision船舶碰撞案件的刑事管辖权criminaljurisdiction of sea collision海事争议的审理hearing/trial of maritime disputes海事诉讼保全措施measures for maritime attachment海事优先请求权preferential right top maritime claim海事请求保全申请书application/petition for maritime attachment海事诉讼法律文书送达service of legal instruments in maritime action/proceedings涉外海事诉讼管辖权jurisdiction of maritime action involving for elements强制变卖被扣押船舶compulsory realization of the distrained ship海事仲裁程序规则rules of maritime arbitration procedure保险法insurance law自愿保险voluntary insurance强制保险compulsory insurance商业保险commercial insurance财产保险property insurance人身保险personal insurance人寿保险life insurance健康保险health insurance意外保险accident insurance社会保险social insurance养老保险endowment insurance医疗保险medical insurance失业保险unemployment insurance 信用保险credit insurance 保证保险guaranty insurance保险合同insurance contract保险人insurer; underwriter被保险人the insured受益人benificiary投保人applicant for insurance;; policy holder 保险单insurance policy保险标的insurance object保险费premium保险期限time limit of insurance保险利益insurable interest保险金额insurance; insurance compensation 保险事故insurance accident保险赔偿insurance indemnity保险代理人insurance agent保险经纪人insurance broker索赔claim代位索赔claim by subrogation理赔settlement of claim代位求偿权right of subrogation委付abandonment退保cancellation/discharging of insurance。

常见法律术语中英文表达法

draft 法案,草案Government bill 政府议案to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律ratification, confirmation 批准law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效decree 法令clause 条款minutes 备忘录report 判例汇编codification 法律汇编legislation 立法legislator 立法者jurist 法学家jurisprudence 法学legitimation 合法化legality, lawfulness 法制,合法legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的offender 罪犯to abolish 废止,取消rescission, annulment 废除,取消repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律) cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同) cancellation (支票)作废annulment 撤消(遗嘱)repeal rescission 撤消(判决)revocation 撤消immunity 豁免,豁免权disability, legal incapacity 无资格nonretroactive character 不溯既往性prescription 剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收constitutional law 宪法canon law 教会法规common law 习惯法criminal law 刑法administrative law 行政法civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法law of nations 万国公法,国际法international law 国际法natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法Military Law 军法Conscript Law 兵役法Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典code of mercantile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利,公民权利right of asylum 避难权human rights, rights of man 人权(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税royalties 版税法律英语词汇2009-12-20 20:59:34| 分类：专业英语词汇阅读8 评论0 字号：大中小订阅管辖：jurisdiction级别管辖：jurisdiction by level地域管辖：territorial jurisdiction移送管辖：referral jurisdiction指定管辖：designation jurisdiction审判组织: trial organization回避withdrawal诉讼参加人participants in court诉讼当事人parties in court诉讼代理人agents ad litem期间：time periods送达service调解conciliation财产保全property preservation先予执行preliminary execution妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施：compulsory measures against impairment of civil actions 诉讼费：litigation costs第一审普通程序ordinary procedure of first instance第二审程序procedure of second instance起诉bring a lawsuit受理accept a case开庭审理trial in court诉讼中止suspension of a lawsuit诉讼终止conclusion of a lawsuit判决judgment裁定order简易程序summary procedure特别程序special procedure选民资格案件cases concerning certificates of voters宣告失踪proclamation of a person as missing宣告死亡proclamation of a person as dead无民事行为能力incompetent for civil conduct限制行为能力limited capacity for civil conduct无主财产property of ownerless执行申请application for execution执行移转referral of execution仲裁arbitration司法协助judicial assistanceAabsolute proof 绝对证明absolute property 绝对财产（权）abstract of title 产权书摘要acceleration clause 提前（偿还）条款acceptance 承诺accident report 事故报告accident insurance 意外保险accusation 指控；控告accusatorial procedure 控告程序accusatorial process of proof 控告证明过程（程序）accusatorial system 控告或诉讼程序accused 被指控者accuser 控告人acknowledgement 认知(书)acquittal 无罪判决act 条例；作为Act for the prevention of Frauds and Perjuries 《预防诈欺和伪证条例》action 诉讼；作为actual losses 实际损失adjudication 裁决；裁定administrative law 行政法administrative law judge 行政法法官administrative procedure 行政程序administrator 管理人；监管人admissible 可采的admissibility 可采性admit 采用；允许adoption 收养adulterous conduct 通奸行为ad valorem property tax 从价财产税adversarial hearing 对抗式听证会adversarial process 对抗式程序adversary 对手adversary trial system 对抗式（或抗辩）审判制度advocacy 出庭辩护；诉讼代理advocate 辩护人；诉讼代理人affidavit 正式书面陈述affirm 维持（原判）affirmation 保证书；证词affirmative 确保的agency （行政）机关agency action 机关（行政）机关agreed upon remedies 补救协议agreement 协议agreement-as-written 书面协议agreement -in-fact 事实协议alibi 阿里白（不在犯罪场的证明）alienation of affection 离间夫妻关系allegation 声称；指控allege 诉称；指控alleged offense 所控罪行alternate juror 替补陪审员amendment 修正案American Bar Association 美国律师协会American Law Institute 美国法学会analogy 类推Anglo-American Legal System英美法系anonymous accusation匿名控告appeal上诉appear出庭appellant上诉人appellate action上诉行为appellate court上诉法院appellee被上诉人appealer上诉人appropriate拨款appurtenant附属物arbiter仲裁人arbitrary武断的arbitration仲裁arraignment初审array陪审员名单arrest逮捕arrest warrant逮捕令（证）arrestee被捕人article条款，文章article of authority授权条款articles of confederation《联帮条例》articles of incorporation公司组织章程artificial person法人Asian American legal defense and education fund亚裔美国人法律辩护与教育基金会assault意图或威胁伤害assert主张，宣称asset资产assistant attorney助理法官associate judge副法官associate justice副大法官assumption违约合同，违约赔偿之诉assumption 假定attempt意图，企图attempted escape逃脱未遂attestation证词attorney代理人，律师attorney at law律师attorney general检察长authentication鉴定authority权力，法源，权威性依据automobile insurance机动车保险automobile tort机动车侵权行为autonomy自治（权）Bban禁令，禁止banishment流放bankruptcy 破产bankruptcy discharge破产债务解除bankruptcy judge破产法官bar律师职业bar association律师协会barrister出庭律师battery殴打bench trial法官审beneficiary受益人benefit收益，福得bigamy重婚罪bill of lading提单bill of right《人权法案》bind over具保，具结binder临时保险单binding有约束力binding contract有约束力的合同binding force约束力binding interpretation有约束力的解释black-letter law（普通接受之基本原则的）黑体字法black nation bar association全美黑人律师协会blue sky law蓝天法（关于股票买卖控制的法律）Board of Governors（ABA）（美国律师协会的）董事会body of law 法体bond 债券；保释金bond instrument 债券契据branding 鞭笞breach 违约；破坏bride 贿赂bribery 贿赂（罪）bright-line test 明显界限检验标准broker 中间人brokerage fee 佣金；中介费brother-sister corporation 兄弟公司；姊妹公司Bulk Sales Act《大宗销售条例》burden 责任burden of going forward with the evidence 先行举证责任burden of persuasion 说服责任；证明责任burden of producing evidence 举证责任burden of proof 证明责任burglary入室盗窃（罪）business corporation实业公司business law 实业法business organization 实业组织buy-out agreement（股权）承买协议buy-sell agreement（股权）买卖协议bylaws（内部）章程CCalifornia Penal Code《加州刑法典》capital account 资本帐户capital crime 可判死刑罪capital punishment 死刑capital surplus 资本盈余capitation tax 人头税career criminal 职业罪犯career judiciary 职业法官case briefing 案情摘要case-in-chief 主诉case law 判例法case method 案例教学法case report 判决报告case reports 判例汇编casualty insurance （意外伤害）保险catalog 商品目录（单）certificate 证书certificate of existence 实体存在证明（书）challenge 置疑；挑战challenge for cause有理回避chancery court 衡平法院charging instrument 控告文件checks and balances 制衡（原则）chief judge 首席法官chief justice 首席大法官child abuse 虐待儿童circuit court 巡回法院circuit judge 巡回法官circumstantial evidence 旁证；情况证据citation 引证cite 援引；传讯civil court 民事法civil forfeiture 民事罚没civil law 民法Civil Law Legal System 民法体系civil liability 民事责任civil Liberty 民事自由civil Litigation民事诉讼civil procedure 民事诉讼程序civil suit民事诉讼Civil trial 民事审判法律英语词汇（2）2009-12-20 21:02:17| 分类：专业英语词汇阅读10 评论0 字号：大中小订阅Civil right 民权Civil right law 民权法Civil War Income Tax Act 《内战所得税条例》Claim 诉讼请求，索赔Classification of law 法律分类Close corporation内部持股公司Closely held corporation 内部持股公司Closing 终结，成交，结帐Closing argument 最后论述Closing statement成交声明Code 法典Code of Judicial Conduct 《法官行为准则》Codify 编成法典Co-felon 共同重罪犯Cohabitation 同居Collateral contract 附属合同Collegiate bench 合议席Collegiate panel 合议庭Commercial clause 商务条款，贸易条款Commercial law 商法Commercial paper 商务文件Commission佣金Commit 交托，犯（罪）Commitment 犯罪，许诺，委托Commitment of financing 融资许诺Common law 普通法Common law damages 普通法赔偿金Common law legal system(family) 普通法法系Common law marriage 普通法婚姻Common property 共同财产Common stock 普通股票Community property 共同财产Comparative law 比较法Comparative negligence 比较过失Compensation 赔偿（金）Compensatory damage 应予赔偿之损害Competence 管辖权限Competency 有效性Complaint 控告，申诉Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act 《滥用毒品的综合预防与控制条例》Compulsory license 强制性许可Concur附条件地同意Concurring opinion 并存（判决）意见Confer 授与Conference 协商会议Confidential information 保密信息Confiscation 没收Conflict law 冲突法Congress 国会Consent 同意，认可Consideration 对价，约因Constitution 宪法Constitutional Convention 制宪会议Constitutional law 宪法Constitutional tort 宪法性侵权Constitutionality 合宪性Construction （法律的）结构，解释Construe 解释，分析Consultation 磋商Consumer protection statute 消费者保护法律Consumption tax 消费税Continental Law Legal System(or Family) 大陆法系Contingent fee 胜诉酬金Continuance 诉讼延期Contract 合同Contract dispute 合同纠纷Contract formation 合同构成Contract interpretation 合同解释Contract law 合同法Contract performance 合同履行contractor 承包商contravence 触犯;违犯contributory negligence 共同过失controlling law 应适应之法律conversion 非法占有convey 转让conveyance 转让convertible bond 可转换债券conviction 有罪判决convincing evidence 使人信服的证据copyright 版权;著作权corporal punishment肉体刑corporate camsel 公司法律顾问corporate excise tax 公司执照税corporate law 公司法corporation 公司corporation aggregate 合有公司corporation code 公司法典corporation law 公司法corporation sole 独有公司corpus 尸体;本金Council on legal Education Opportunities 法律教育机会委员会counselor (法律)顾问;律师counselor-at-law 律师court 法院;法官court decision 法院判决court fee 诉讼费court of appeals 上诉法院court of chancery 衡平法法院court of claims 索赔法院court of customs and Patent Appeals 关税及专利上诉法院court of domestic relations 家庭关系法院court opinion 法院判决意见courtroom 法庭coverage 保险范围crime 犯罪crime code 刑法典crime homicide 有罪杀人crime justice system 刑事司法系统crime law 刑法crime liability 刑事责任crime procedure 刑事诉讼程序cross-examination 交叉盘问;盘诘cruel and unusual punishment 残忍和非常的刑罚cumulative evidence 累计证据curative 临时监护的curriculum guide 课程指南custody 监护custom duty 关税customary law 习惯法customary practice 惯例customs court 关税法院Ddamage 损害;损伤damage claim 损害赔偿请求damages 损害赔偿金deadlocked jury 僵局陪审团death penalty 死刑death tax 遗产税debenture 债单(券)debt securities 债权证券decide a case 判案deed 契约deed book 文契汇编defamation 诽谤default 不履行;违约defendant 被告人defence 辩护defence attorney 辩护律师defense's case-in-chief 辩护方主讼deficiency judgment 不足额判决degrees of murder (恶意)杀人罪的等级delegation 授权delegated legislation 授权立法deliberate intention 故意deliberation (陪审团)评议demonstrative evidence 示意证据deprivation 剥夺derogatory treatment of the work 对作品的贬毁性处理(或使用) designs 设计detract 毁损;贬低developer (土地)开发商dicta 判决附带意见dignity 尊严direct evidence 直接证据direct examination 直接盘问direct tax 直接税disa bility insurance 残疾保险disabled dependent child 无谋生能力的残疾儿童discharge 解雇;释放discount 贴现;折扣discovery 要求告知discrete risk transfer product 离散性风险转移(保险)产品discretion 自由裁量权discriminatory 歧视性税收dispense 执行;施行dispute 争议;纠纷disposition 处置(权)dissent 异议;反对dissenting opinion 异议;反对意见dissolution 解散distort 歪曲;误解district attorney 地区检查官database right 数据权dividend 股息division of title 产权分割divorce 离婚docket 备审案件目录doctrine 法则;原则doctrine of constitutional supremacy 宪法至上原则doctrine of Maranda Warnings 米兰达忠告原则document 文件;文书document of title 产权证书domant Commerce Clause 休眠的"贸易条款"domicile 住所地double jeopardy 一罪二审draft 起草;草拟draftman 起草者drug trade 毒品交易drug trafficking 毒品交易dry run 干转;排练due diligence 适当努力due process 正当程序Due Process Clause 正当程序条款due process test 正当程序检验标准duration 期限duress 强迫;胁迫duty 义务;关税duty of care 照看义务法律英语词汇（3）2009-12-20 21:03:22| 分类：专业英语词汇阅读16 评论0 字号：大中小订阅earnest money 定金easyment 地役权ecclesiastical court 宗教法庭economic law 经济法effective date 生效日期effective time 生效时间element of crime 犯罪要素(件)empower 授权enact 制定;颁布en banc 全体法官出庭审判encroachment 侵占encumbered property 抵押财产enforce 实施；执行enforceable 可强制执行的enforceability 可执行性enforcement of Law 执法English-American Legal System (or Family) 英吉利法系enjoin(衡平）强制令entail 限定继承entity 实体environmental impact statement 环境影响报告environmental Law 环境保护法Environmental protection Agency(EPA) 环境保护局environmental quality 环境质量equal protection clause 平等保护条款equitable relief 衡平救济equity 衡平法equity Law 衡平法equity precedent 衡平法判例equity securities 产权证券；衡平证券error 过错escape 逃走；逃脱escrow 第三者保存合同essential justice 实质公正estate财产；遗产estate tax 遗产税ＥＵDirective 欧盟指令evaluate 评价evict 逐出（租户）evidence 证据evidentiary presumption 证据推定evidentiary rule 证据规则ex aequo at bono 公平且善良examine 检查；盘问examination 检查；盘问exception 例外exception clause 例外条款excise tax 执照税exclude 排除exclusive listing 读家上市exclusive right 排他性权利exclusive tax situs 唯一征税地点excusable homicide 可宽恕之杀人execute 执行；签属execution 执行executive acts 行政条例executive branch 行政部门executive order 行政命令executor (遗嘱）执行人executor of estate 遗产执行人exemption 免除；豁免exhibit 展示物（证）exigent circumstance 紧急情况existing securities 上市证券exparte 单方面的expectation damages 预期赔偿金expert 专家（证人）expert testimony 专家证言expert witness 专家证人express contract 明示合同express statutory provision 法律明文规定express warranty 明示保证（保修）ex rel 依据告发face amount 面颊face value 面植facilitate 促使：利于fact 事实fact in issue 争议事实factor 因素；代理商Factors Lien Act 《代理商留置权条例》Fair trial 公平审判false imprisonment 非法拘禁family law 家庭法fault 过错fault principle 过错原则feasibility study 可行性研究Federal Administrative Procedure Act 《联邦行政程序》Federal Antitrust Law 《联邦犯托拉斯法》federal convention 联邦制宪会议federal crime of murder 联邦杀人罪Federal Housing Act 《联邦住房条例》Federal Income Tax Act 《联邦所得税条例》federal judge 联邦法官Federal rules of civil procedure 《联邦民事诉讼规则》Federal rules of criminal procedure 《联邦刑事诉讼规则》Federal rules of evidence 《联邦证据规则》Federal securities act 《联邦证券条例》federal supremacy 联邦至上（原则）Federal tort claims act 《联邦侵权索赔条例》felon 重罪犯felony 重罪felony-murder 重罪杀人fiduciary 受托人file 档案；注册file a petition 呈交诉状；提出请求fine 罚金fingerprint 手印fire insurance 火灾保险fire protection 消防first degree murder 一级谋杀first instance 一审fixture （不动产）附属物flogging 烙印force of law 法律效力forcible felony 暴力性重罪foreign exchange risk 外汇风险forfeiture 没收；罚没form contract 格式合同form of evidence 证据的形式formal adjudication 正式裁决formal rulemaking 正式规则制定formation 构成；鉴定franchise tax 特许经营税fraud 诈欺free enterprise system 自由企业制度free movement of goods 自由物流，货物的自由流通freedom of choice 选择自由frustrate 使受挫折fundamental law 基本法fundamental right 基本权利法律英语词汇（4）2009-12-20 21:04:29| 分类：专业英语词汇阅读12 评论0 字号：大中小订阅general acceptance standard (科学证据的)公认标准general partnership 一般合伙general property 一般财产（权）general provisions 总则gerontocratic 老人统治的gift tax 赠予税government tort 政府侵权（行为）grant of power 授权gross negligence 严重过失group insurance 团体保险guarantee 担保guardian 监护人guardianship 监护权guidelines for sentencing 量刑指南guilt 有罪guilty 有罪的guilty 有罪答辩Hhabitual offender 惯犯hail insurance 冰雹保险handcuff 手铐handwriting 笔迹health insurance 健康保险health regulation 卫生法规hearing 听证（会）hearing of jury 陪审团听审hearsay 传闻证据heir 继承人hierarchy 等级制度high crime 重罪hold 认定；裁定holding 认定；裁定holding device 拥有手段（形式）homicide 杀人（罪）homosexuality 同性恋house counsel （公司）专职法律顾问husband-wife relationship 夫妻关系husband-wife tort 夫妻侵权（行为）IId. 同上identification 认定；确认身份；身份证ignore 忽视；驳回illegal 非法的；违法的immaterial 无实质性的immigration law 移民法immovable property 不动产immunity 豁免（权）impair 损害；削弱impeachment 弹劾；质疑implementation 实施；执行implied contract 默认合同implied warranty 默认保证（保修）imprisonment 监禁imputable 可归罪于……的imputation 归罪in re 关于；案由in recess 休庭in rem 对物的（诉讼）in session 开庭inadmissible evidence 不可采证据incarceration 禁闭；监禁incest 乱伦income tax 所得税Income Tax Act 《所得税条例》income tax on corporations 公司所得税income tax on individuals 个人所得税incompetence 无行为能力；无法律资格incompetent 无行为能力的；无法律资格的incorporation 法人；公司；组成公司incorporator 公司创办人independent regulatory agency 独立规制机构indicative list 指导性名单indictment 起诉书indirect evidence 间接证据indirect tax 间接税individual choice 个人选择（权）individual freedom 个人自由individual omni competence 个人全权individual proprietorship 个体业主individual right 个人权利ineffective 失效的inequality 不平等infamous 罪恶的；丑恶的inference 推理;推论infliction 处罚informal adjudication 非正式裁决informal rulemaking 非正式规则制定information 信息; 控告书infomer 耳目;情报员initial ruling 初步裁定injunction 禁令;强制令injunctive relief 强制救济injure 伤害injustice 不公正innocence 无罪innocent 无罪的;无罪者innocent owner defense 无过错所有人辩护inquiry 调查inquisitiorial system 纠问式诉讼制度insane 精神失常insanity defense 精神失常辩护inspection 检查;审查installment land vendor 分期付款的土地出售人installment plan agreement 分期付款购物协议instruction 指示instrument 文件insurable interest 可保利益insurable loss 可保损失insurance agent 保险代理商insurance binder 临时保单insurance broker 保险中间人insurance card 保险卡insurance coverage 保险范围insurance law 保险法insurance policy 保险单;险种insurance premium 保险费insurance proceeds 保险收益insurance product 保险项目insured 被保险人insurer 保险人intangible 无形的intangible damage 无形损害intangible property 无形财产intangible personal property 无形的人身财产(权)inter alia 除了别的以外interfere 干涉;侵犯interlocutory injunction 临时强制令;(诉讼)中间的强制令intermediate appellate court 中级上诉法院intermetional business 调解interrogation 国际商务intentional 故意的intentional tort 故意侵权行为interest 利息;权益;利益interest rate risk 利率风险interview 询问invalid 无效的;不合法的invalidate 使无效invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私权investigation 侦查;调查investment 投资investment portfolio risk 投资风险组合investment securities 投资证券irrelevancy 无相关性irrelevant 不相关的irrelevant evidence 无相关性证据irrevocable 不可撤销的irrevocable life insurance trust 不可撤销的人寿保险信托itinerant judge 巡回法官法律英语词汇（5）2009-12-20 21:05:16| 分类：专业英语词汇阅读19 评论0 字号：大中小订阅Jjoint tenancy 共同租借(权)joint venture 合资企业joint venture corporation合资公司joint venture with Chinese and foreign investment中外合资企业judge法官judge-made law法官立法judge's chamber法官室judge's charge to jury法官对陪审团的指令judge's instruction to jury法官对陪审团的指示judgment判决，裁定judicial branch司法部门judicial clerkship法院书记员职位judicial decision 法官职位judicial district司法区judicial interpretation司法解释judicial notice司法任职judicial opinion法官判决意见judicial review司法审查judicial scrutiny司法检查judicial subjectivity审判主观性judicial system法院系统judiciary法官jurisdiction司法管辖区jurisprudence法理学juror陪审员jury陪审团jury charge法官对陪审团的指令jury pool待选陪审员库jury selection挑选陪审员jury trial陪审团制justice公正，大法官justice of the peace治安法官justifiable homicide正当杀人juvenile court未成年人法庭juvenile delinquency未成年人违法行为ＫKey man assurance关键人保险Key person insurance关键人保险Kickbacks回扣Kill杀人Killer杀人者Know-how技术秘密，商业秘密Ｌland use law土地使用法last clear chance doctrine最后明显机会法则law 法，法律law firm律师事务所law merchant商业习惯法law of evidence证据法law reform法律改革lawsuit诉讼，官司lawyer律师lawyer in government政府律师；官方律师lawyer in private practice私人开业律师lawyerette律师娘lawman外行人lay witness普通证人；非专家证人lease租赁lease agreement租赁协议legacy遗产legacy tax遗产税legal合法的legal advice法律咨询legal commentary法律评论legal education法律教育legal effect法律教育legal enforcement法律效力legal English法律英语legal family法系legal history 法律史legal instrument 法律文件legal mechanism法律机制legal memorandum 法律备忘录legal methodology 法律方法论legal order 法律秩序legal problem 法律问题legal profession 法律职业legal protection 法律保护legal relationship 法律关系legal representative 法律代表legal safeguard 法律保障（措施）legal system 法律体系；法律制度legal theorist 法学理论家legal writing 法律文书写作legalese 法律涩语legality 法制legislation 立法legislative branch 立法部门legislative history 立法史legislature 立法机关legitimate 合法的levy 征收（税）liability 责任；债务liability insurance 责任保险liberty 自由license plate （车）执照牌license tax 执照税lien 留置（权）life estate 终生财（遗）产life insurance 人寿保险limited partnership 有限合伙liquidated damages 预定违约金liquidity risk 流动资金风险literary property 著作产权litigant 诉讼当事人litigation 诉讼；打官司livestock insurance 家畜保险loan 贷款lord chancellor (英国)大法官loss of rights 丧失权利Jurisprudence，History of Legal Systems and Constitution按照法律规定according to law按照确定的份额分享权力：be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit按照确定的份额分担义务：assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt案例教学法case system案例汇编case book；case report；law report柏拉图Plato《保护人权与基本自由公约》（1950）Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms，1950（罗）被视为be deemed as被宣布为非法be outlawed；be declared illegal比较法comparative law比较法学comparative jurisprudence比较法学派school of comparative jurisprudence比较法制史comparative legal history比较分析法method of comparative analysis比较刑法comparative penal law比较刑法学comparative penal jurisprudence必然因果关系positive causal relationship边缘法学borderline jurisprudence变通办法adaptation；accommodation补充规定supplementary provision补救办法remedial measures不成文法unwritten law不成文宪法unwritten constitution不动产所在地法律law of the place where the real property is situated；lex loci rei immobilisci不可分割的权利impartible right不可抗力force majuere不可侵犯性inviolability不可让与性inalienability不履行法律义务non-performance of obligation不要式行为informal act不要因的法律行为non-causal juristic act不因实效而丧失的权利imprescriptible right不作为abstain from an act；act of omission部门法department law部门规章regulation参照consult参照具体情况in the light of actual conditions参照原文consult the original查士丁尼法典Code Justinian；Codex Justinianus查士丁尼法规汇编Authenticum超出法律范围的outside of law超出法律权限的extralegal超过权限exceed authority；beyond jurisdiction成文法written law成文宪法written constitution冲突法conflict of laws；rules of conflict冲突规则conflict rule；rule of conflict除（本法）另有规定外except for otherwise stipulated （by this law）除外条款provisory clause除外责任条款exclusion clause触犯公共利益encroach on the public interests触犯国际利益go against the state's interests触犯人民利益encroach on the interests of the people；go against the people's interests传统法律观念traditional ideas of law纯粹法学pure theory of law次要法规by law次要规则secondary rule从宽解释原则doctrine of liberal construction从权利accessory right达到法定年龄come of age大法the fundamental law大法官Lord High Chancellor大法官法院Court of Chancery大陆法系Continental Legal System大律师barrister《大明律》Criminal Law of the Ming Dynasty（中）大陪审团grand jury《大清律例》the Criminal Laws of the Qing Dynasty （中）《大宪章》（1215）Great Charter，1215（英）单行法规specific regulations单一法律体系unitary legal system单一制政府unitary government但书proviso当代法学动向current trend of jurisprudence当然解释natural interpretation党纪国法party discipline and the law of the country道德规范norm of morality道德义务moral obligation《德国民法典》German Civil code德拉古Draco地方各级人民代表大会local people's congresses at different levels 地方各级人民法院local people's courts at different levels地方各级人民检察院local people's procuratorates at different levels 地方各级人民政府local people's governments at different levels第二读second reading第三读third reading二元论the dualistic theory二元君主立宪制dual constitutional monarchy system二元论the dualistic theory二元论者dualist二元制bicameral system法的本质the nature of law法的变化changes of law法的定义definition of law法的发展development of law法的分类divisions of law法的概念concepts of law法的规范作用normalized usage of law法的继承succession of law法的精神spirit of law法的可预测性foreseeability of law法的类型types of law法的历史类型的更替the replacement of one historical mode of law by another 法的历史渊源historical origin of law法的连续性continuity of law法的内容contexts of law法的社会作用social usage of law法的生效operation of law法的实现realization of law法的特征character of law法的现象legal phenomenon法的消亡withering away of law法的形式渊源formal source of law法的要素elements of law法的渊源source of law法的职能function of law法的作用role of law法典code；statute book法典编纂codification of codes法定成年人的年龄age of majority；legal age法定程序legal procedure法定处罚statutory penalty法定代理人：agent ad litem法定解释statutory interpretation法定量刑情节legally prescribed circumstances of sentencing 法定年龄legal age；lawful age法定年龄限制 a statutory age limit法定期间prescribed time法定期限legal term法定权利legal right；right entitled by law法定权限limits of power prescribed by law法定人数quorum法定日appointed day法定时间appointed time法定时效statutory prescription法定条件legal condition法定限制statutory restrictions法定效力statutory force法定刑legally-prescribed punishment法定形式legal form法定责任statutory duty法定追溯期time of legal memory法定最高刑maximum statutory penalty；maximum statutory sentence 法官judge法官的自由裁量权judge's power of discretion法官权力范围extent of judge's power法官心证judge's mental impression法官中立原则Nemo debt esse judex in propria causa法规编纂condification of laws and regulations法规的解释interpretation of statutes法规汇编corpus of the laws and regulations《法国民法典》Code Civile de Francais （法）法理jurisprudence；principle of law法理学家jurisprudent法律保护legal protection法律编纂codification法律标准legal standards法律补救legal redress法律部门legal department法律草案draft regulations法律措施legal measures法律大全Corpus legum法律的本土化和改写the localization and adaptiion of laws 法律的本质essence of law法律的地位position of law法律的定义definition of law法律的废止abolishment of law法律的公共秩序论public order theory of law法律的规范性normalization of law法律的继承succession of law法律的理想ideal of law法律的权威authority of law法律的失效lapse of law法律的实施administration of law；law enforcement法律的适用application of law法律的统一unification of law法律的推定presumption of law法律的推理analogy of law法律的完整性integrity of law法律的效力范围force's scale of law法律的效力形式force's form of law法律的修改alteration of law法律的演进evolutin of law法律的原理principle of law法律地位平等equal in legal status法律对人的效力personal act of law编纂法律方法legal methodology法律分类classification of law法律赋予权力authority conferred by law法律改革law reform法律概念legal concept法律根据legal basis法律工作者legal professional法律关系legal relation法律关系的运行process of legal relation法律关系客体object of legal relation法律关系主体subject of legal relation法律规定provisions of law法律规范norm of law法律规范的逻辑结构logical structure of legal rule 法律规则体系system of legal rules法律含义intendment of law法律另有规定：otherwise stipulated by law法律现象legal phenomenon法律研究legal research法律要件legal requirement法律依据legal basis法律意见legal advice法律意见书legal opinion法律意识law-consciousness法律意义legal sense法律用语legal language法律与正义先验论 a prior theory of law and justice法律渊源source of law法律原本注释gloss法律原理legal doctrines法律原则principle of legality法律援助legal aid法律约束legal binding；legal restraint法律责任legal responsibility法律责任的道义基础moral basic of legal obligation法律责任的归结imputaton of legal responsibility法律责任的认定determination of legal responsibility法律责任的执行enforcement of legal responsibility法律责任客体object of legal responsibility法律责任主体subject of legal responsibility法律哲学philosophy of law；philosophie du droit （法）；philosophia juris 法律政策policy of the law法律职业道德legal ethics法律指导legal counsel法律制裁legal sanction法律制度regime of law；legal system法律秩序legal order法律主体资格capacity as a subject of law法律主张proposition of law法律属地原则territoriality of laws法律著述legal literature法律专家legal expert法律专业legal profession法律专著和教科书legal treati法律咨询legal advice法律尊严legal sanctity法盲legal illiterates法权right法社会学sociology of law法系legal system法协会law society法学jurisprudence法学博士doctor of jurisprudence法学导论leading principles of law法学的范畴体系the system of categories of jurisprudence法学的范畴意识the consciousness of category of jurisprudence 法学的基石范畴fundamental categories of jurisprudence法学方法method of jurisprudence法学方法论methodology of jurisprudence法学会law society法学教科书law textbooks。

公司法中英词汇对照-删减版

法人（公司§1.1）Juristic person股东（公司§2.1.1）Shareholders有限公司（公司§2.1.2）Limited Company有限责任（公司§2.1.3）Limited liability股份有限公司（公司§2.1.3）Company Limited by Shares公司所在地（公司§3.1.）The domicile of a company本公司（公司§3.2）Head office分公司（公司§3.2）Branch office营利（公司§4.1）Profit making营业（公司§4.1）transact business主管机关（公司§5.1）Competent authority成立（公司§6.1）incorporated登记之资本额（公司§7.1）registered amount of capital of the company 公司负责人（公司§8.1）responsible persons经理人（公司§8.2）managerial officer清算人（公司§8.2）liquidator发起人（公司§8.2）promoter监察人（公司§8.2）supervisor检查人（公司§8.2）inspector重整人（公司§8.2）reorganization股款（公司§9.1）the share prices (or the capital stock)连带（公司§9.2）jointly and severally检察机关（公司§9.3）procuratorate依职权（公司§10.1）ex officio解散（公司§10.1）dissolution已发行股份（公司§11.2）outstanding shares有限责任股东（公司§13.1）limited liability表决权（公司§13.2）voting rights公积增资配股（公司§13.3）capitalization of legal reserves保证人（公司§16.1）guarantor废止（公司§17.2）rescission亏损拨补（公司§20.1）surplus earnings distribution报酬（公司§20.3）remuneration妨碍、拒绝或规避（公司§21.1）impede, refuse or evade善良管理人（公司§23.1）good administrator合并（公司§24.1）consolidation or merger善意第三人（公司§27.4）bona fide third party.章程（公司§29.1）articles of incorporation董事（公司§29.1.3）director董事会（公司§29.1.3）the board of directors诈欺（公司§30.1.2）fraud背信（公司§30.1.2）breach of trust侵占（公司§30.1.2）misappropriation依照（公司§32.1）pursuant to债权（公司§44.1）monetary claim（债权）到期（公司§44.1）upon maturity请求报酬（公司§49.1）Clairemuneration代垫之款项（公司§50.1）advance money提供相当之担保（公司§50.1）furnish appropriate security关于（公司§57.1）pertaining to分派盈余（公司§63.1）Make distribution of surplus profit抵销（公司§64.1）set off对于（公司§64.1）vis-a-vis退股（公司§65.1）withdrawal of share capital重大事由（公司§65.2）significant cause除名（公司§66.）.Expulsion强制执行（公司§66.1.6 ）Compulsory execution妨害公司之利益（公司§67.1.3）detrimental to the interest of the company 退股之股东（公司§69.1）retiring shareholder出资（公司§70.2）capital contribution解散（公司§71.1）dissolve解散事由（公司§71.1.1）the conditions for dissolution资产负债表（公司§73.1） a balance sheet财产目录（公司§73.1）inventory of property债权人（公司§73.2）Creditor of the company变更（公司§76.1）reincorporate利害关系人（公司§81.1）concerned party过半数之同意（公司§82.1）majority vote就任（公司§83.1）Assume office分派盈余或亏损（公司§84.1.3）To allocate surplus or loss分派剩余财产（公司§84.1.4）To allocate the residual assets诉讼行为（公司§84.2）litigation matters代表权（公司§86.1）the power of representation公告（公司§88.1）public announcement清偿其债务（公司§89.1）satisfy its liabilities宣告破产（公司§89.1）declaration of bankruptcy清算完结（公司§92.1）winding up结算表册（公司§92.1）final statement账簿（公司§94.1）account books怠忽（公司§95.1）lack of care故意（公司§95.1）intentional重大过失（公司§95.1）gross negligence赔偿（公司§95.1）make good解散登记（公司§96.1）filing articles of dissolution分期缴款（公司§100.1）paid in installments资本总额（公司§101.1.4）The aggregate of capital stock股东名簿（公司§103.1）shareholders roster增资（公司§106.1）Increase of the amount of capital stock董事长（公司§108.1）chairman of directors监察权（公司§109.1）power of audit每股金额（公司§129.1.3）par value of each share certificate特别股（公司§130.1.4）special shares特别利益（公司§130.1.5）Special benefits既得之利益（公司§130.2）benefits already accrued募集（公司§132.2）by solicitation营业计划书（公司§133.1.1）Business plan招股章程（公司§133.1.3）Prospectus承销者（公司§133.1.5）underwriters约定事项（公司§133.1.5）covenants股款之金额（公司§134.1）capital money撤回所认股份（公司§137.1.4）rescind their subscription无记名股（公司§137.1.6）bearer shares超过票面金额发行（公司§138.2）issued at a premium创立会（公司§143.1）inaugural meeting补足（公司§147.1）make up for the deficiency股息（公司§157.1.1）dividends红利（公司§157.1.1）bonus定额（公司§157.1.2）fixed amount定率（公司§157.1.2）fixed ratio表决权（公司§157.1.3）voting power收回（公司§158.1）redeemable股票（公司§161.1）Share certificate变更登记（公司§162.1.2）alteration registration发起人股票（公司§162.1.5）share certificates of promoters背书转让（公司§162.1.1.3）share assignment by endorsement 公司股份之转让（公司§163.1）Assignment/transfer of shares 转让（公司§163.1）effected股东常会（公司§165.2）regular shareholders‘ meeting质物（公司§167.1）pledge破产宣告（公司§167.1）bankruptcy pronouncement从属公司（公司§167.3）Subordinate company控制公司（公司§167.3）holing company认股权凭证（公司§167.2.1）share subscription warrant不得转让（公司§167.2.1）non-assignment股东临时会（公司§170.1.2）Special meeting of shareholders正当事由（公司§170.2）good cause临时动议（公司§172.5）extemporary motions法定人数（公司§175.1）quorum委托书（公司§177.3）written proxy议事录（公司§183.1）Minutes of the meeting决议方法（公司§183.3）the method of adopting resolutions 公司存续期间（公司§183.3）the life of the company决议解散（公司§186.1） a resolution for dissolution法定利息（公司§187.3）legal interest失其效力（公司§188.1）lose its effect法令（公司§188.1）ordinance诉请（公司§189.1）enter a petition驳回请求（公司§189.1）dismiss petition.利害关系人（公司§190.1）interested party决议之内容（公司§191.1）substance of a resolution提前解任（公司§199.1.1）discharged in advance董事缺额（公司§201.1）vacancies in the board of directors常务董事（公司§208.1）managing directors检察官（公司§208.1.1） a public prosecutor临时管理人（公司§208.1.1）temporary manager公司债存根（公司§210.1）counterfoil of corporate bonds证明文件（公司§210.2）evidentiary document(s)提供相当之担保（公司§214.2）furnish an appropriate security得连选连任（公司§217.1）be eligible for re-election会计师（公司§219.2） a certified public accountant兼任公司董事（公司§222.1）be concurrently a director连带债务人（公司§226.1）joint debtors不法行为（公司§231.1）any unlawful conduc实收资本（公司§232.2）paid-in capital法令（公司§188.1）ordinance诉请（公司§189.1）enter a petition驳回请求（公司§189.1）dismiss petition.利害关系人（公司§190.1）interested party决议之内容（公司§191.1）substance of a resolution设定或解除质权（公司§197.1.1）creation or cancellation of a pledge提前解任（公司§199.1.1）discharged in advance董事缺额（公司§201.1）vacancies in the board of directors以红利转作资本（公司§240.4）distributable bonus is to be capitalized募集公司债（公司§246.1）invite subscription for corporate bonds受偿（公司§246.1.1）receive indemnification公司债（公司§246.1.1）corporate bonds余额（公司§247.1）net remainder公司现有全部资产（公司§247.1）all assets in hands无形资产（公司§247.1）intangible assets无担保公司债（公司§247.2）unsecured corporate bonds公司债偿还（公司§248.1.4）redemption of the corporate bonds发行保证人（公司§248.1.16）guarantor(s)可转换股份（公司§248.1.18）convertible into shares认股权（公司§248.1.19）share subscription warrants上市公司（公司§248.2）the companies listed on centralized trading floor迟延支付本息（公司§249.1.1）in default of payment of principal and interest税后之平均净利（公司§250.1.2）annual net profit after paying tax撤销核准（公司§251.1）annul the approval停止（募集）（公司§251.2）called off无记名公司债券（公司§253.2）bearer corporate bonds应募书（公司§253.2）forms of subscriptions公司债债权人（公司§255.1）corporate bondholders抵押权（公司§256.1）Mortgages保管（公司§256.2）safe-keep可认购（公司§257.1）share subscription allowed记名式之公司债券（公司§260.1）Registered corporate bond certificates无记名式债券（公司§261.1）bearer bonds改为记名式（公司§261.1）converted into registered bonds显失公正者（公司§265.1.3）apparently unjust and unfair发行新股（公司§266.1）issue of new shares先买权（公司§267.3）preemptive right独立转让（公司§267.4）transferable independently资产增值（公司§267.5）increments of assets发行条件（公司§268.1.3）terms of issue增资计划（公司§268.1.5）The capital increase plan附认股权（公司§268.1.1）ancillary share subscription rights具有优先权利之特别股（公司§269.1）special shares with preference平均净利（公司§269.1.1）average net profit支付股息（公司§269.1.1）pay dividends健全之营业计划（公司§270.1.1） a sound business plan营利能力（公司§270.1.1）profit-making capability不足抵偿债务（公司§270.1.2）not sufficient to meet liabilities股票原定发行金额（公司§271.1）original fixed value of the shares营业报告（公司§273.2）business report以现金当场购买（公司§273.4）with cash on the spot换发新股票（公司§279.1）replacement of old share certificates by new ones暂停营业（公司§282.1）suspends its business有停业之虞（公司§282.1）an apprehension of suspension of business重建更生（公司§282.1）constructed or rehabilitated法定代理人（公司§283.1.2）statutory representative半年之资产负债表（公司§283.1.6）semi-annual balance sheet勒令停业限期清理（公司§283.1.6）ordered to wind up and to liquidate裁定驳回（公司§284.1）dismissal of the application征询意见（公司§284.2）solicit the opinions公司重建更生（公司§285.1.2）the reconstruction or rehabilitation of the company公司以往业务经营之得失（公司§285.1.3）merits and demerits of the previous business operation of the company怠忽或不当情形（公司§285.1.3）neglect or improper practices重整方案（公司§285.1.5）reorganization proposal准许（公司§285.1.1）render a ruling公司财产之保全处分（公司§287.1.1）Disposal for preservation of the company‘s property 公司业务之限制（公司§287.1.2）Restriction on the business of the company公司履行债务（公司§287.1.3）performance of obligation of the company对公司行使债权（公司§287.1.3）Exercise of claim against the company和解（公司§287.1.4）composition转让之禁止（公司§287.1.5）Prohibition of transfer责任之查定（公司§287.1.6）Assessment of the liabilities重整监督人（公司§289.1）reorganizers supervisor债权及股东权之申报（公司§289.1.1）declaring rights of creditors and shareholders申报期间（公司§289.1.2）period for declaration借款（公司§290.5.3）Contract of loans长期性契约（公司§290.5.4）long term contracts公司权利之抛弃或让与（公司§290.5.6）Waiver or assignment of rights of the company 取回权（公司§290.5.7）retrieval破产法（公司§296.2）Bankruptcy Law事由终止（公司§297.3）extinction of the cause提存（公司§299.3）be deposited with a court表决权总额（公司§302.1）aggregate votes权利仍存续（公司§306.2.1）right is to remain in existence剩余财产（公司§306.2.2）residual property无担保重整债权人（公司§306.2.2）unsecured creditors in reorganizers按当时公平价格（公司§317.1）then prevailing fair price放弃表决权（公司§317.1）waive his voting right存续公司（公司§317.1.1.1）surviving company换股比例（公司§317.2.1.2）share swap ratio股份销除（公司§317.2.1.8）cancellation of the shares催告债权人程序（公司§318.1）the procedure of serving follow-up notice to creditors 现存财产（公司§325.2）available assets清算费用（公司§325.2）Liquidator expenses特别清算（公司§336.1）special liquidation权利之抛弃（公司§346.1.5）Relinquishment of any right公司财产保全（公司§353.1.2）preserve the property of the company关系企业（公司§369-1.1）affiliated enterprises相互投资（公司§369-10.1）mutual investment申请认许（公司§371.1）apply for recognition分公司登记（公司§371.2）branch office registration公共秩序或善良风俗（公司§373.1.1）public order or good custom代表处（公司§386.2）representative‘s office办事处（公司§386.2）business office公司之登记或认许（公司§387.1）applying for company registration or recognition委托书（公司§387.1） a power of attorney。

外国法律中译本篇名索引

外国法律中译本篇名索引随着全球化的发展，外国法律中译本的需求日益增长，为了方便使用和参考，以下是一些常见的外国法律中译本的名称索引，供读者参考。

1. 美国宪法 (The Constitution of the United States)美国宪法是美国的最高法律文件，于1787年起草并于1789年生效，为现代宪政民主政治的典型代表。

该宪法中译本在中国广泛使用，是研究和了解美国法律的基础。

2. 英国公司法 (UK Company Law)英国公司法是关于公司组建、管理和解散的一系列法律规定。

它主要通过《公司法》来体现，包括股东权利、责任、公司治理、公司资产保护等诸多方面。

在全球范围内，英国公司法及其中译本被广泛使用。

3. 欧盟基本法 (EU Constitutional Law)欧盟基本法是关于欧盟组织、职责和功能的法律文件，旨在确立欧盟内部关系，指导欧盟行使职责。

该基本法包括欧盟的组织结构、成员国的职责和欧盟法律的作用等方面。

4. 德国商法 (German Commercial Law)德国商法主要涉及商业和贸易方面的法律规定，包括商业合同法、商业信托法、商业保险法等等。

这些规定组成了德国商法大体框架，为德国商业前沿人员提供了法律保障。

5. 法国刑法 (French Criminal Law)法国刑法包括犯罪行为的定义、影响犯罪行为的因素、犯罪行为的后果和惩罚措施等方面的法律规定。

它主要通过《刑法典》来体现，是法国刑法体系的重要组成部分。

6. 日本民法 (Japanese Civil Law)日本民法是关于日本民事司法制度的法律规定。

它包括了婚姻、财产、遗产继承、合同和借贷等方面的规定。

该民法中译本在中国广泛使用，是了解日本民事法律的基础。

7. 韩国雇佣法 (South Korean Employment Law)韩国雇佣法是关于韩国雇佣制度的法律规定，包括员工权利、工作合同、薪资、劳动关系、退休金等诸多方面。

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Some Key Terms of Company Law
独立法人人格/主体Separate legal personality/entity
法人人格Corporate personality
合伙partnership
注册成立incorporate
资产Assets
法人资格/法人行为能力corporate capacity
企业所有者/业主proprietor/entrepreneur
股东shareholder
皮包公司paper company
清算liquidation
强制清算compulsory liquidation—由法院裁定的停业清算
破产Insolvency
董事director
(普通)债权人(ordinary) creditors / lender
(有)担保(的)债权人Secured creditors/lender
关联法人connected person：公司及其子公司的董事、监事、高管、大股东、过去12个月担任董事，或该等人的associate和relative，该等人及其associate和relative主要控股的公司，关联子公司（10%）、已签订或拟签订协议/交易等
有限责任公司Incorporation with limited liability/ Limited liability company
股份有限公司Public limited company/ Company limited by shares
上市公司Public company
股份公司Joint stock company
私人公司/封闭型公司private company 股东人数50人以下，限制股份转让，不得公开发行股票的有限责任公司。

公司债券debenture
公司设立者遵守了公司设立时有效适用的公司法律的所有要求duly incorporated
有限责任limited liability （responsible only to the extent of their capital contributions）
揭开法人面纱Lifting/Piercing the corporate veil
董事会board of directors
公司章程Articles of Association/Memorandum of Association/Company's constitution
不符合公司章程Unconstitutional
授权资本Nominal capital 指根据公司章程的规定，允许该公司发行的股本数额
受益所有人beneficial owner 指对信托或信托财产享有平衡法上所有权的信托受益人cestuis que trust，与财产的法定所有人（即受托人或遗产代理人）相对。

公司股东大会或董事会议事的正式书面记录minute book
募股说明书/招股说明书/招股章程/证券销售书prospectus
最大份额Lion's share
认购人\认股者subscriber
挂名者Dummy 为他人利益，在名义上持有财产或享有法律地位的人，其行为目的在于掩饰实际所有人或权利人的身份。

单纯受托人/消极受托人/被动受托人bare trustee 指仅根据信托收益人的指令转移信托财产，对信托财产无其他积极义务并且不享受其利益的受托人。

双重职位dual capacities
执行董事governing director/ executive director/ 股东人数较少或规模较小的有限责任公司可以设立一名执行董事而不设立董事会，执行董事行使董事会的职权。

总经理/常务董事managing director
（副）董事长（deputy）chairman
越权ultra vires
在正当的权限之内intra vires
透资overdraw
辞职resign
留置权/担保物权Lien
担保Security
贷款loan
放贷人（比如银行）money lender
竞价投标收购（make）competing takeover bids
出价/投标 bid
分配（股票）allot (shares) /allotment
发行（股票）issue (shares)
公司董事基于信托的权力fiduciary powers ≈诚实守信原则good faith
受信责任/信义义务Fiduciary duty
绝对控股/占有大额股份majority shareholding
承担予以说明的法律责任 Accountable（completely responsible for what he/she do and must be able to give a satisfactory reason for it）。

英国公司法重点词汇翻译 Key terms of company law

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法律英语：Company law 公司法

英国公司法

企业管理专用术语(英汉对照)

英国公司法

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