高通量测序法检测胃癌患者融合基因LRP5_LITAF_徐晓凤
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基于高通量测序技术的癌细胞突变谱分析癌症是一种恶性肿瘤,致死率较高,对人类生命健康造成了严重威胁。
虽然目前已有很多癌症治疗方法,但其有效性和可靠性仍面临挑战。
因此,研究癌症发生的机理以及癌细胞的基因变异情况,对探索癌症治疗新途径和提高治疗效果具有重要意义。
近年来,高通量测序技术的出现,为癌细胞突变谱分析提供了更为有效和高精度的方法,有助于我们深入了解癌症的病理生理和治疗方法。
高通量测序技术概述高通量测序技术是近年来快速发展的一种基因组学技术,也称为DNA测序,其主要目的是通过对样本DNA进行高速并行测序,实现全基因组捕获信息的获取和基因组结构、功能、调控等信息的研究。
应用领域十分广泛,包括全基因组测序、转录组测序、表观基因组测序等多个领域,尤其在癌症研究中表现突出。
高通量测序技术的主要优点是高灵敏度、高分辨率、高覆盖度、高可重复性等,能够在短时间内产生大量数据,对于细胞突变谱分析这种众多突变位点的分析更为有利。
癌症基因突变分析癌症是一种由癌细胞形成的疾病,其本质是由非正常细胞的不断增殖和积累所导致的。
癌症的发生与细胞基因组的变异密切相关,基因突变是其中主要的一种变异形式。
在人类基因组中,存在着很多与癌症相关的基因,其中部分基因的突变将直接参与到癌症的发生和发展中。
如TP53基因在各类癌症中均有较高的突变率,BRCA1/2基因则与乳腺癌相关。
对这些基因进行基因突变分析,有助于我们进一步认识其在癌症中的作用和表达机制。
癌细胞突变谱分析癌细胞的基因突变在癌症的发生和发展中起着重要作用。
癌症细胞会经历一系列基因突变事件,这些事件形成了细胞的突变谱。
癌症细胞的突变谱是由突变类型、频率等多个方面所构成的,通过对突变谱的分析,我们可以更深入地认识癌症的形成机理,将有助于我们制定针对性的治疗方案。
癌细胞突变谱分析的一般流程包括对肿瘤样本和正常纯化细胞进行高通量测序、突变检测、筛选、统计、比较等步骤。
例如,进行单碱基多态性和核苷酸替换的突变分析,有利于发现潜在的癌症驱动因子基因和突变机理。
二代基因测序技术在胃癌病理临床分析中的应用价值聂尊珍;郭英【期刊名称】《山西医科大学学报》【年(卷),期】2022(53)4【摘要】目的探索二代基因测序技术(next-generation sequencing,NGS)在胃癌病理临床分析中的应用价值。
方法选取西安大兴医院病理科2019—2020年术前均未经治疗的胃腺癌样本15例,分别进行苏木精-伊红染色(hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)、免疫组化染色、NGS检测,探索NGS在胃癌病理临床分析中的应用价值,并进行文献复习。
结果免疫组化染色结果发现1例错配修复(mismatch repair,MMR)蛋白表达缺失,同时伴有原癌基因人类表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor-2,HER2)强表达,与NGS检测结果一致。
NGS检测发现1例罕见的BRIP1胚系突变,同时发现高频体细胞突变亚型包括TP53(11/15,62.5%)、MUC6(4/15,26.7%)、MUC16(4/15,26.7%)、CRP1B(4/15,26.7%)、PIK3CA(3/15,20%)等,另外在具有胃癌遗传特征的3例患者中发现TP53、CDH1、CDH9、MUC6和MUC16等体细胞突变。
随访15例患者,11例无病生存,4例死亡。
结论二代基因测序技术能同时、高效筛查出胃癌中多种基因、多位点或不同方式的基因突变,为胃癌的临床诊疗提供实验室依据。
【总页数】7页(P396-402)【作者】聂尊珍;郭英【作者单位】西安大兴医院病理科【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R735.2【相关文献】1.二代测序与分子克隆测序技术在HBV X基因准种变异研究中的应用及差异分析2.二代测序技术检测鼻咽癌相关基因突变与临床病理特征关系分析3.宏基因组二代测序技术检测脑脊液在结核性脑膜炎诊断中的应用价值的Meta分析4.肺泡灌洗液宏基因组二代测序技术在重症肺炎患者中的临床价值5.气管镜下宏基因组学二代测序技术在肺癌鉴别诊断中的临床应用价值因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。
PCR—SSCP法检测胃癌P53基因突变
姜海行;韩萍
【期刊名称】《广西医科大学学报》
【年(卷),期】1996(013)003
【摘要】应用多聚酶链反应和单链构象多态性分析法(PCR-SSCP)检测
19例冰冻胃癌组织P53基因第7外显子DNA片段扩增及突变情况,同时应用免疫组化法(IHC)检测相应胃癌石蜡包埋组织中P53蛋白的表达。
结果发现4例(21.1%)胃癌组织P53基因第7外显子发生突变。
而P53蛋白表达率达47.4%(9/19)。
P53基因突变及P53蛋白表达与肿瘤发生部位、组织学类型、淋巴结转移及肿瘤分期无关(P>0.05)。
提示在胃癌发生和演变过程中,P53基因突变是重要事件,其中第7外显子是突变热区之一。
【总页数】3页(P14-16)
【作者】姜海行;韩萍
【作者单位】广西医科大学第一附属医院;广西医科大学第一附属医院
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】R735.202
【相关文献】
1.应用PCR-SSCP法检测乳腺癌患者血中p53基因突变 [J], 肖晓光;王晶;刘新元
2.用PCR-SSCP及DNA测序法研究胃癌p53基因突变 [J], 徐珊;单祥年
3.银染PCR—SSCP法检测食管癌P53基因突变 [J], 崔爱玲;李建忠
4.免疫组化、PCR—SSCP共同检测同源胃癌组织K—ras/P21及p53基因突变[J], 陈言东;党彤;等
5.PCR-SSCP银染法检测吸烟大鼠肺组织p53、K-ras基因突变 [J], 薄其付;王晓丽;李若葆;王金平;李洪先
因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。
高通量测序技术在癌症研究中的应用随着科技的迅速发展,高通量测序技术应用广泛,特别是在癌症研究中。
癌症是一种与基因有关的疾病,而高通量测序技术能够帮助研究人员更深入地了解癌症的基因变异及其影响,从而提高对癌症的治疗和预防水平。
一、高通量测序技术介绍高通量测序技术,又称为下一代测序技术,是近年来一种新型的基因测序技术。
与传统的Sanger测序相比,高通量测序技术更加快速、准确、可靠。
它的主要特点是利用高通量并行测序技术,将待测DNA片段分离出来,通过高通量并行化比对技术,得出测序结果。
二、癌症基因检测高通量测序技术可以用于检测基因及突变,因此在癌症研究中应用得非常广泛。
在过去,通过基因学研究癌症主要是通过单一基因进行研究,但是高通量测序技术的出现使研究人员能够同时针对多个基因进行研究。
这样,研究人员可以从整个基因组层次上了解癌症的基因表达及其突变。
三、个体化癌症治疗通过高通量测序技术在癌症研究中所得到的信息,可以使得癌症治疗能够更加个体化。
针对癌症患者的基因突变情况,研究人员可以根据不同的情况来制定相应的治疗方案。
这样,患者将得到更好的治疗效果,并减少治疗过程中的副作用。
四、基因编辑技术基因编辑技术是近年来发展迅速,是将CRISPR/Cas9等基因修饰工具与高通量测序技术相结合的结果。
基因编辑技术本身可使科学家删除、插入或更改相关基因表达。
这些改变可以帮助我们了解癌症发生的机制,以及如何避免或治疗这种疾病。
五、未来方向未来,随着高通量测序技术的不断进步和发展,我们将能够更加深入地研究癌症。
这些新的发现将不仅有助于改进癌症的诊断和治疗方法,也将有助于将癌症治疗引向更加精准的方向。
总之,随着高通量测序技术的应用,我们能够更加深入地了解癌症的基因变异及其影响,从而针对癌症制定更加个性化和有效的治疗方案。
未来,高通量测序技术将继续在癌症研究中发挥积极的作用,推动癌症治疗技术向前发展。
基于高通量测序技术的肿瘤分子诊断研究在传统医学诊疗中,肿瘤的诊断和治疗都是依赖于组织学和临床表现的,但是这种方式仅凭所取得的数据和信息很难对肿瘤进行更深入的分析和研究。
随着现代科技的不断发展,高通量测序技术的应用已经深入到肿瘤诊疗的各个环节中,从分子水平上为肿瘤的诊断和治疗提供了坚实的支持。
本文将从高通量测序技术在肿瘤分子诊断中的应用和发展进行探究,以期为肿瘤治疗的进一步研究提供一定的参考。
第一部分:高通量测序技术简介高通量测序技术,顾名思义,就是一种高效率、大规模的DNA序列读取技术。
它最初的发展主要是服务于基础研究领域,但观察到该技术能够读取大量的DNA序列,近年来,高通量测序技术的应用开始扩展到疾病的诊断和治疗领域。
现在,高通量测序技术除了在相关研究领域发挥着重要作用外,也成为了疾病基因检测和诊疗的重要方法之一。
第二部分:高通量测序技术在肿瘤分子诊断中的应用高通量测序技术在肿瘤分子诊断领域有着广泛的应用,其中,基于高通量测序技术的DNA测序和RNA测序是两种常见的技术。
DNA测序:这是一种将全部基因组的DNA序列进行测量和分析的技术。
当引入肿瘤组织的DNA样本到高通量测序仪后,高通量测序仪就会将样本拆解为单独的DNA碎片,并将它们分别读取。
这些DNA碎片的读取称为“reads”(读数)。
高通量测序技术通常会产生上百万到数十亿个reads。
RNA测序:这是一种分析全转录组的RNA序列的技术。
肿瘤细胞中基因的表达会发生很大变化,并致使其RNA的表达水平也会发生变化。
基于RNA测序技术进行的转录组分析可以用来寻找这些基因差异表达,这有助于识别致癌基因的表达以及相关的生物过程。
第三部分:高通量测序技术在肿瘤分子诊断中的优势高通量测序技术在肿瘤分子诊断中的优势有很多,其中以下三点是显著的:准确性:高通量测序技术的读取要求峰值信噪比高于基准值,也就是说,它需要高度准确的读取。
高通量测序技术比传统的Sanger测序技术更可靠和准确。
胃癌患者P53血清学和免疫组化联合检测的临床意义韩峰;奉典旭;沈江帆;王宝华【期刊名称】《中华临床医药杂志》【年(卷),期】2001(002)009【摘要】目的:探讨胃癌患者P53血清学和免疫组化联合检测的临床意义.方法:本组包括62例手术治疗的胃癌患者.ELISA法测定患者外周血和门静脉血P53抗体;免疫组化法检测胃癌组织中突变P53蛋白.结果:外周静脉血途径检测P53抗体阳性3例(4.8%,3/62),阳性率显著低于门静脉血途径阳性率(35.5%,22/62)和肿瘤组织P53蛋白阳性率(48.4%,30/62)胃癌术后早期复发者门静脉血P53抗体阳性、胃癌组织P53蛋白表达均显著高于未复发者.结论:联合门静脉血和癌组织P53突变检测可能有助于判断胃癌患者的预后.【总页数】3页(P22-24)【作者】韩峰;奉典旭;沈江帆;王宝华【作者单位】上海普陀区中心医院,普外科,200062;上海普陀区中心医院,普外科,200062;上海普陀区中心医院,核医学科,200062;上海普陀区中心医院,病理科,200062【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R73【相关文献】1.应用免疫组化技术检测胃癌组织p53、c-erbB-2、p21、nm23基因表达产物及其临床意义 [J], 李东复;陈永胜;李海生;王亮;卢琳琳2.胆管癌患者p53血清学和免疫组化联合检测的临床意义 [J], 丁谷华;孔雷;奉典旭;王宝华;蔡瑞霞;沈江帆;韩峰3.萎缩性胃炎血清学指标与基因p53、bc1-2联合检测的意义 [J], 徐光辉;刘斌;王泽衍;柏乃运;吴奇;王娟;仇敏洁4.p53、β-连环蛋白与IL-10联合检测对EB病毒相关性胃癌患者的预后评估的临床研究 [J], 汪维佳;廖志波5.免疫组化联合检测PLK1、p21和p53蛋白预测TP53基因状态:一个独立的乳腺癌预测因子 [J], Watanabe G;Ishida T;Furuta A;魏开鹏;邱建龙因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。
高通量基因测序在胃肠道恶性肿瘤中的临床意义中文摘要转移患者基因突变率。
XRCC1基因和UGT1A1基因与是否有肝转移有统计学差异(P<0.05),有肝转移患者突变率为50.0%和56.3%,显著高于无肝转移患者。
(4)47例肠癌患者的中位PFS为10.5个月,OS为11.3个月。
经统计发现,在肠癌高通量测序基因中,KRAS基因突变与肠癌患者的PFS和OS有统计学差异(P<0.05),无KRAS基因突变的患者中位生存期较长;同时发现,GSTM1基因和NQO1基因的突变与肠癌患者的OS有统计学差异(P<0.05),两种基因无突变的患者OS较长。
其余基因突变与肠癌患者的PFS、OS无统计学差异(P>0.05)。
【结论】1.在胃癌中,APC基因、GSTP1基因、HER2基因、CCEN1基因、TYMS 基因、CYP3D6基因、UGT1A1基因和GSTM1基因的突变与胃癌患者的性别、分期、分化程度、高危因素和远处转移临床病理特征有密切关系。
无APC基因突变和无TP53基因突变的患者中位生存期较长。
2.在肠癌中,APC基因、HRAS基因、XRCC1基因及TYMS基因、FAT1基因、ERCC2基因、CHEK2基因、CDK12基因、BMPR1A基因、BLM基因、DPYD基因、AMER1基因、UGT1A1基因的突变与肠癌患者的性别、分期、病理类型、部位、分化程度、高危因素和远处转移临床病理特征有密切关系。
KRAS基因、GSTM1基因和NQO1基因无突变的患者生存期较长。
通过高通量基因测序发现基因突变与胃肠道肿瘤临床病理特征及生存期方面有密切关系,有助于了解患者基因状态,并可能为靶向治疗提供新的指导和方法。
【关键词】胃癌;肠癌;基因;病理特征;临床意义作者:吴秀珍指导老师:朱春荣The Clinical significance of high-throughput genesequencing in gastrointestinal cancerAbstract【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the gene and the clinicopathological features by high-throughput gene sequencing in patients with gastrointestinal cancer, and to explore the relationship between the gene sequencing in the development,diagnosis and prognosis of gastrointestinal cancers.【Methods】 We retrospectively analyzed 79 cases of gastrointestinal cancer patients,who were treated in Suzhou University First Affiliated Hospital from December 1, 2013 to September 30, 2016.In the 32 cases of gastric cancer, including 23 males and 9 females; aged from32 to 74 years old, the median age was 61 years old.In the 47 cases of intestinal cancer, including 22 males and 25 females, aged from 27 to 72 years , The median age was 59 years old.The diagnosis of these patients were clear by the pathological examination and were received whole blood high-throughput gene sequencing.Through analyzing the correlation the gene sequencing results and pathological features to study its relationship and clinical significance.【Result】1. In gastric cancer(1) APC gene mutation in the sex and staging were statistically significant (P <0.05). There were 4 cases of APC gene mutation in female patients.The mutation rate was 44.4%, which was significantly higher than the APC gene mutation rate (8.7%) of male patients.The rate of APC gene mutation (41.7%) in patients with stage IV gastric cancer was higher than that in patients with stage III gastric cancer (5.0%). The mutation rate (0.0%) of GSTP1 gene in patients with stage IV gastric cancer was significantly lower than that in stage III gastric cancer (40.0%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).(2) In the clinicopathological features of 20 cases of postoperative patients,the poorly differentiated carcinoma and medium-poorly differentiated carcinoma were closely related to the mutations of HER2 gene, CCEN1 gene, TYMS gene, GSTP1 gene and CYP3D6gene. The mutation rate above five genes was statistically different (P <0.05).In the medium-poorly differentiated carcinoma,the mutation rate of HER2 gene was 88.9%, the mutation rate of CCEN1 gene was 44.4%, the mutation rate of TYMS gene was 66.7%, the mutation rate of GSTP1 gene was 66.7% .They were higher than that of poorly differentiated carcinoma.The mutation rate (0.0%) of CYP3D6 gene in medium-poorly differentiated carcinoma was significantly lower than that in poorly differentiated carcinoma (45.5%).In addition, postoperative patients with or without tumor thrombus in the postoperative vessel of the UGT1A1 gene and the GSTM1 gene mutation was statistically different (P <0.05).The mutation rate of UGT1A1 gene (100.0%) and the mutation rate of GSTM1 gene (80.0%) were higher in patients with tumor thrombus.(3) TP53 gene and the presence of liver metastases were statistically significant (P <0.05).Mutation rate (100.0%) was higher in patients with liver metastases than in patients without liver metastases (52.0%).(4)The median PFS was 8.8 months, the median OS was 9.0 months of the 32 patients with gastric cancer. The statistical analysis showed that the mutation of APC gene was statistically different (P <0.05) in progression-free survival (PFS),Patients without APC mutations had a longer PFS. But there was no significant difference in the overall survival time (P> 0.05). TP53 gene changes were significantly different in PFS and OS (P <0.05). Patients with no mutations in the TP53 gene had a longer median survival .The other genes in gastric cancer were no significant difference in PFS and OS (P> 0.05).2. In intestinal cancer(1) The difference between APC gene mutation and sex was statistically significant (P <0.05).he mutation rate of APC gene in male intestinal cancer patients was 72.7%, which was significantly higher than that in female patients (32.0%). The mutation rates of HRAS gene, XRCC1 gene and TYMS gene were correlated with pathologic type (P <0.05). HRAS gene in adenocarcinoma gene mutation rate was 97.7%, compared with non-adenocarcinoma ,the gene mutation rate is high.The mutation rates of XRCC1 and TYMS genes were 23.2% and 20.9% in patients with adenocarcinoma, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in nonadenocarcinoma patients. In addition, FAT1 gene, ERCC2 gene, CHEK2 gene and pathological stage difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).The mutation rates of these three genes in stage I-II colon cancer were 44.4%, 55.6% and 33.3%, respectively.higher than that the mutation rate (2.6%, 15.8%, 2.6%) ofstage III-IV. In addition, FAT1 gene and ERCC2 gene mutation were also statistically different (P <0.05). The mutation rate of right colon cancer gene was 33.3% and 50.0%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of left colon cancer gene mutation rate of 2.9% and 14.3%.(2) In the 26 cases of postoperative intestinal cancer patients,The difference of CDK12 gene and BMPR1A gene in T stage was statistically significant (P <0.05). The mutation rate of T2 gene was 50.0% in patients with intestinal cancer, which was higher than that in T3 and T4.The postoperative patients with or without tumor thrombus in the postoperative vessel of the MLH1 gene mutation was statistically different (P <0.05).The rate of gene mutation (75.0%) was higherin patients with tumor thrombus.ERCC2 gene and FAT1 gene mutation in the N stage of the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).These genes mutation rates in the N0 stage were 50.0% and 40.0%,which were higher than N1, N2 stage.BLM gene and DPYD gene mutation in intestinal cancer differentiation was statistically significant (P <0.05).The rates of genes mutation in poorly differentiated and moderate-poorly differentiated carcinoma was 33.3% and 55.6%, respectively, which were higher than those in medium differentiated carcinoma.(3) AMER1 gene and ERCC2 gene were significantly different in lung metastasis (P <0.05).The mutation rate of AMER1 gene was 37.5% and the mutation rate of ERCC2 gene was 62.5% in patients with lung metastasis, which was higher than that in patients without lung metastasis.There was significant difference between XRCC1 gene and UGT1A1 gene in liver metastasis (P <0.05).The mutation rate of XRCC1 gene and UGT1A1 gene was 50.0% and 56.3% in patients with liver metastasis, which was significantly higher than that in patients without liver metastasis (P <0.05).(4) The median PFS of 47 patients with intestinal cancer was 10.5 months and OS was 11.3 months. The results showed that the mutations of KRAS gene in PFS and OS intestinal cancer patients were statistically different(P<0.05).Patients with no mutation KRAS gene had a longer median survival.And found that GSTM1 gene and NQO1 gene mutation in intestinal cancer patients with OS were statistically different(P<0.05).The two genes had no mutations in patients with longer OS. The other genes in intestinal cancer were no significant difference in PFS and OS (P> 0.05).【Conclusion】1. In gastric cancer ,The mutation of APC gene, GSTP1 gene, HER2 gene, CCEN1gene, TYMS gene, GSTP1 gene, CYP3D6 gene, UGT1A1 gene and GSTM1 gene were correlated with sex, staging , differentiation , distant metastasis of clinical and pathological characteristics.The median survival time was longer in patients without mutation in APC gene and TP53 genes.2.In intestinal cancer, the mutation of APC gene, HRAS gene, XRCC1 gene and TYMS gene, FAT1 gene, ERCC2 gene, CHEK2 gene, CDK12 gene, BMPR1A gene, BLM gene, DPYD gene, AMER1 gene, UGT1A1 gene were significantly correlated with pathological type, location, differentiation, risk factors,distant metastasis of clinical and pathological characteristics.The median survival time was longer in patients without mutation in KRAS gene, GSTM1 gene and NQO1 gene.Through the high-throughput gene sequencing, it is found that gene mutation is closely related to the clinicopathological features and survival of gastrointestinal neoplasms, which is helpful to understand the gene status of patients and may provide new guidance and methods for targeted therapy.【Key words】 Gastric cancer; Intestinal cancerr; Gene; Pathological features; Clinical significanceWritten by : Wu Xiu-zhenSupervised by :Zhu Chun-rong高通量基因测序在胃肠道恶性肿瘤中的临床意义目录引言 (1)资料与方法 (3)1.一般资料 (3)2.方法 (3)3.评价指标 (3)4.随访 (3)5.统计学分析 (4)结果 (5)1.胃癌临床病理特征与基因的相关性分析 (5)1.1 32例胃癌患者临床病理特征与相关基因的相关性(表1-1) (5)1.2 20例胃癌患者术后病理特征与基因的相关性分析(表1-2-1,表1-2-2) (6)1.3 32例胃癌患者远处转移与基因的相关性分析 (7)1.4 胃癌相关基因与PFS和OS的相关性分析 (8)2.肠癌临床病理特征与基因的相关性分析 (9)2.1 47例肠癌临床病理特征与相关基因的相关性分析(表2-1-1,表2-1-2) (9)2.2 26例肠癌术后临床病理特征与相关基因的相关性分析(表2-2-1,表2-2-2) (11)2.3 47例肠癌转移与基因的相关性分析 (13)2.4 47例肠癌患者PFS、OS与相关基因的相关性分析 (14)讨论 (17)一、胃癌临床特征与相关基因 (17)1.与胃癌患者性别及分期相关的基因 (17)2.与术后胃癌分化及高危因素相关的基因 (18)3.与胃癌PFS、OS相关的基因 (19)二、肠癌临床病理特征与相关基因 (20)高通量基因测序在胃肠道恶性肿瘤中的临床意义1.与肠癌性别有关的基因 (20)2.与肠癌病理类型有关的基因 (20)3.与肠癌分期有关的基因 (21)4.与肠癌术后T分期、N分期、高危因素有关的基因 (22)5.与肠癌术后分化程度有关的基因 (23)6、与肠癌远处转移有关的基因 (23)7、与肠癌的PFS、OS有关的基因 (24)三、总结与展望 (24)结论 (25)参考文献 (26)综述 (33)参考文献 (36)中英文对照缩略词表 (43)致谢 (44)引言胃癌(GC)是世界上第五位最常见的癌症,死亡率更高居第三[1]。