Unit 1 Will people have robots
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Unit 1 Will people have robots?辽宁省昌图县马仲河中学吴立新I. Teaching goalsTarget languagesWhat do you think life will be like in 100 years?Every home will have a robot.Will kids go to school?No, they won‟t. They w ill study at home.There will be fewer trees.Ability goalsrobot ,pollution astronaut apartment space station moon free timeLanguage ability goals Make predictionsII. Teaching important pointsMake predictionsIII. Teaching difficult pointsFuture with willYes /No questions with short answersQuestions with more, less, fewerIV. Teaching methods: Listening speaking reading and writingV. Teaching aids: a tape recorderVI.Teaching procedures and waysThe first periodTeaching steps首先利用百度搜索查找本课涉及的新单词的含义/Step 1 On the blackboard write a simple time line showing four dates: today‟ date ; a date exactly one year now; a date five years from now; and a date ten years from now.Step 2 Point to the date “in 1 year” and ask the studentsWhat will be different in your life one year from now?Will you be at this school in a year?Will you live in the same house in a year?Will you be in my class in a year?Repeat the same procedure with the dates 5 years and 10 years in the future. Ask other questions to help students think aheadWill you live in this town five years from now?Will you be in college?Will you have a college five from now?What job will you have ten years from now?Will you have children ten years from now?After the students‟ predictions, Underline the word “will” in each one.Step 3 Introduce the key vocabulary and the idea of making predictions Then say, in this activity we‟re going to talk about more than five years or ten years in the future we‟re going to talk about 100 years in the future.Step 4 Let students practise in understanding the target language in spoken conversationStep 5 Play the recording the first time. Students only listen then listen to the conversation again people are making predictions about the future. Circle the predictions they‟re talking about on the recording and correct the answer.What will be different in your life one year from now?Will you be at this school in a year?Will you live in the same house in a year?Will you be in my class in a year?Will you live in this town five years from now?Will you be in college?Will you have a college five from now?What job will you have ten years from now?Will you have children ten years from now?3)Homework 1 .Recite the new words2. Practise the conversation made in class.4)Summary afte teaching: The students have learned to make prediction/The second periodTeaching stepsStep 1 Revise the words and expressions and ask some students to make predictions in the future. Step 2 In 2a point out the list of predictions and ask different students to read the predictions to the class. Read the predictions and point the sample answerStep 3 Play the recording . Students circle the word they hear on the recording in each sentence : more, less, fewer. Then check the answer.Then the students listen to the recording again and check the predictions they hear and check the answersStep 4 Grammer focus : ask the students to say the statements and reponses. Review the concept of countable and uncountable nouns by writing the two words on the blackboard and asking different students to come to the board and write example of each under the heading.Countable nouns uncountable nounseggs watercookies milkapples orange juicebananas meatStep 5 Point to the three pictures and say, this is Sally. This is Sally five years ago, this is Sally now, and this Sally five years in the future. Read the instructions and ask the students to complete the work on their own. Check the answers by calling on different students to make predictions about Sally.Writing design on the blackboardCountable nouns uncountable nounseggs watercookies milkapples orange juicebananas meat3) Homework recite 3a4)Summary afte teaching: The students have learned to make predictionThe third periodTeaching stepsStep 1 Review making predictions about the future.Step 2 Teach: rocket ,astronaut , space station, computure programmer,crazy, live, moon, transportation, petAsk the students to say in their own words what each heading means. And write these words on the blackboard and using a simple drawing or a brief explanationto describe each one.Step 3 Listen to the recording of 2a. Students will hear three conversations. Decide which conversation goes with each picture. Write the number of each conversation next to one of the pictures. Play the recording a second time ,students number the pictures.Step 4 Listen and write using the target language. Write the correct words from the box on the blank lines.Step 5 Reading and writing (3a)First point to the paragraph and say: First read Li Ming‟s an swer. Then write down any questions you would like to ask about the story. We‟ll answer these questions together. Ask students to complete the chart on their own and check the answers:Job: reportPets: parrot, many othersSports: skating swimmingPlace: Shanghai, Hong Kong, AustraliaClothes: smart clothes, to wear a suit (during the week); casual clothes(at the weekend)Writing design on the blackboardJob: reportPets: parrot, many othersSports: skating swimmingPlace: Shanghai, Hong Kong, AustraliaClothes: smart clothes, to wear a suit (during the week); casual clothes(at the weekend) Homework recite 3a4)Summary afte teaching: The students have learned to make predictionThe fourth periodTeaching stepsStep 1 for self check Ask students to fill in the blanks on their ownand check the answers.Step 2 Task1: Teacher: you all have your childhood. What did you do when you were young? Now you …re middle school students, what do you often do in your school or at home? In some years you‟ll leave school, w hat will you do in the future?name past now futureyourselfSallyWork in groups eg: I was a little boy……years agoI am a middle school student now.I‟ll be a teacher….in ….years.Classmates: He was…….He is a…….He‟ll be……Task 2/i?ct=503316480&z=&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=2008%B1%B1%BE% A9%B0%C2%D4%CB%BB%E1%BF%AA%C4%BB%CA%BD&in=13156&cl=2&lm=-1&st= &pn=0&rn=1&di=14385234525&ln=1995&fr=&fm=&fmq=1330662221281_R&ic=&s=&se=&s me=0&tab=&width=&height=&face=&is=&istype=#pn0&-1&di14385234525&objURLhttp%3A %2F%%2Ftp%2Fnews%2F200809%2F20080918222509762.jpg&fromURLhttp%3A %2F%%2Fhtml%2F200809%2F18%2F222528589_20.htm&W1024&H768&T8837& S126&TPjpg2008年奥运会时的我Fill in an application formAPPLICATION FORMFirst name:_________________________ photoLast name: _________________________Age : _____________________________Sek : _____________________________What do you like to do: _______________________________Language : _________________________________________Tel : ______________________________________________E-mail : ___________________________________________Address: ___________________________________________Step 3 reading and comprehension:Reading strategy:Look at the title and picture and predict what you‟ll read about.This helps you get ready to acquire new information.Find exmples of the following structures in the reading. Then make your own sentensces: ….the same as…..….make…do…….to take…time to do sth….to help do….….to help with..writing design on the blackboardWork in groups eg: I was a little boy……years agoI am a middle school student now.I‟ll be a teacher….in ….years. Classmates: He was…….He is a…….He‟ll be……Homework: 1. Write a composition to intreduce yourself.2.To fill in the form“2008年奥运会时的我”4)Summary afte teaching: The students have learned to make prediction。
Unit 1 Will people have robots?1. fewer people更少的人(fewer修饰名词复数,表示否定)2.less free time更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词,表示否定)3.in ten years 10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时,提问用How soon)4.live alone单独居住 feel lonely感到孤独(比较:live alone/go along等)8.hundreds of +复数数百/几百(概数,类似还有thousands of; millions of)9. get bored变得厌倦(get/become是连系动词,后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等)10. go skating去滑冰(类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等)11. lots of/a lot of许多(修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以)12. study on computers通过电脑学习13. agree with sb.同意某人(的意见) I don’t agree. = I disagree.我不同意14. on a piece of paper在一张纸上(注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词)15. live in an apartment住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor住在12楼16. no more=not …anymore不再(强调多次发生的动作不再发生)17. no longer=not… any longer不再(强调状态不再发生)18. besides(除…之外还,包括)与except =but(除…之外,不包括)19. be able to与can 能、会(be able to用于各种时态,而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中;have to用于各种时态,而must只能用于一般现在时态)本单元目标句型:1.What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?2.There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.fewer; less表示否定之意,分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词;more二者都可以修饰。
Unit 1 Will people have robots?1. fall v. come or go down from force of weight, loss of balance, etc; drop; become 落下;跌落;变成The book fell off the shelf. 这本书从架子上掉了下来。
fall用作动词时,主要有两种用法。
一种是作为实义动词,可以和介词或副词搭配,表示“落下;跌落”,例如:I fell back in my chair. 我跌坐到自己的椅子上。
另一种是作为系动词,与形容词连用,表示进入某种状态,如:fall asleep 入睡(进入睡眠的状态)。
fall的动词过去式是fallen。
fall用作名词时,表示“落下;降低”,例如:I sat listening to the fall of the rain on the roof. 我坐着听雨点落在屋檐上的声音。
fall还可以表示“秋天”,与autumn意思相同。
词汇扩展常用搭配:fall asleep 入睡fall behind 落后于(某人或某物)fall down 跌落fall in love with 喜爱;爱上fall off 掉下fall over 跌落;被绊倒谚语:He who does not advance falls backward. 不进则退。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄兵必败。
2. alone adv. Without any companions 独自地;孤独地I don't like going out alone after dark. 我不愿意天黑后独自外出。
解析along 和lonely:(1)alone 既可用作形容词,又可用作副词,意思是“独自的(地);单独的(地)”,侧重于说明独自一人,没有同伴或助手。
alone和on one's own,by oneself意思相近。
Unit 1 Will people have robots?【语法聚焦】一般将来时一、概念:一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作,事情或存在的状态.二、结构:1)陈述句:主语+will/shall+动词原形shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。
will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。
will not=won't shall not=shan'tHe will read the newspaper at school next Monday.2)一般疑问句:w ill/shall+主语+动词原形Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗?3)特殊疑问句:疑问词+ will/shall+主语+动词原形When will you go to Beijing?三、用法:1、be going to +do,表示将来。
a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。
例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?b. 计划,安排要发生的事。
例如:The play is going to be produced next month。
这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。
例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。
2、be +to表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
例如:We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
3、be about to +do,意为马上做某事。
例如:He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意:a.be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 重点语法和短语重点语法:一般将来时态的应用do/does 的一般将来时态形式:(shall/will) dodo/does 的一般将来时态的被动语态:(shall/will) be done 一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式:肯定句例句:People will have robots in a few years.否定句例句:People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years. 一般疑问句例句:Will people have robots in a few years?特殊疑问句例句:What will people have in a few years?重点短语:won't = will notthey'll = they willshe'll = she willhe'll = he willI'll = I willfall in love with(sb./sth.) 爱上(某人/某物)be able to do sth. 能够做某事come true 实现in the future 未来hundreds of 数以百计的thousands of 数以千计的look for(sb./sth.) 寻找(某人/某物)will → would 情态动词will 的原形和过去式may → might 情态动词may 的原形和过去式Reading Strategy(阅读方法)Look at the title and picture, and predict what you will read about. (看着标题和图片,预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。
)This helps you get ready to acquire new information. (这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。
Unit 1 Will people have robots ?Teaching goals:1.Words&phrases: robot, paper, less, fewer, simple, unpleasant, factory, seem,etc .2.will 构成的一般将来时态的陈述句、否认句、疑问句及答复.3.There be 句型的一般将来时.4.more , less , fewer 的用法.5.学习一般将来时态的相关知识 ,学会对未来进行预测.6.对five years ago ,today ,in five years 简洁回忆与展望的方式 ,贴近实际符合学生心理 ,激发学习兴趣.7.通过时间比照复习一般过去时态、一般现在时态 ,稳固一般将来时.Important and difficult points :1.will构成一般将来时态的句式 .2.There be 句型的一般将来时态 .3.more , fewer , less 的用法 .4.How to make predictions .Period 1Teaching procedures:Step 1 Leading in1.Greetings: Welcome to school .What ,s the date today ? Who ,s on duty today ?Do you enjoy your winter holiday ?Do you finish your homework ?Do you want to live on the moon ?Can you guess what will happen in ten years ?Collect the Ss , answers and say something about their predictions .Step 2 Pre -taskSB Page 2 ,1a .1.Look at the picture :How will the world be different in the future ,100 yearsfrom now ?We ,re going to talk about sth in 100 years .2.Read each predictions to the class .Explain the new vocabulary .3.Read the instructions .Make sure Ss know what they should do .4.Do it by themselves .5.Talk about the answers with the class .Explain :一般将来时态构成: will / be going to +动词原形Step 3 While -taskSB Page 2 ,1b .1.Practise reading the six predictions .2.Read the instructions to Ss .Circle the things you hear on the recording .3.Play the tape twice .4.Play the tape a third time .At the same time ,check the answers .SB Page 2 , 1c .1.Pay attention to the dialogues .2.Read the dialogues fluently .3.Pairwork .Work in pairs to make predictions according to the sample .4.Ask several pairs to share their conversations to the class .SB Page 3 , 2a & 2b .1.Read the predictions .2.Read the instructions and point out the sample answer .3.Play the tape twice .Ss circle the word they hear in each sentences: more , less ,fewer .4.Check the answers .学生探究: less , fewer 的区别 .Step 4 Post -task1.Point to the example in the sample dialogue .Practice reading .2.Look at activity 2b .3.Groupwork:Take turns to make conversations about the predictions .Grammar Focus:1.Review the grammar box .Ss say the statements and responses .2.Make summaries about "will〞 , "fewer〞 and "less〞 .Homework:1.Make predictions about yourself in 10 years .Write down 5 sentences .2.Go over the new words .教学后记:Period 2Teaching procedures :Step 1 Leading in1.Greetings and free talk .2.Check their homework :Ask two or three Ss to speak out what they wrote down .(教师作出适当的评价)Step 2 Pre -task1.Go over what we learnt yesterday .2.通过三种时间的比照简略复习一般过去时与一般现在时 .Step 3 While -taskSB Page 4 , 3a .1.Point to the three picture and say :This is Sally .The first picture is Sallyfive years ago ,the second one is Sally now ,and the third one is Sally five years in the future .2.Read the instructions .plete filling in the blanks individually .4.Check the answers .5.Practise reading .Then ask some Ss read them out .SB Page 4 , 3b .1.Look at activity 3a .Make predictions about Sally .2.Point to the example in the sample dialogue .Ask two Ss to read the dialogueto the class .3.Practise reading .4.Pairwork .Make their predictions about Sally .Step 4 Post -task1.Write about yourself .With the help of the sample of Sally .We can write sth about ourselves five years ago ,today and in five years .plete the work individually .3.Review the task .Ask a few more Ss for answers .Homework :Draw a picture of the city in 20 years .Describe it to the class .教学后记:Period 3Teaching procedures :Step 1 Leading in1.Greetings .2.Say yourselves :five years ago , today and in five years .3.Check the homework.Step 2 Pre -taskSB Page 5 , 1a .1.Look at the form and read the headings to the class .Make sure the Ss know whatthey mean .2.Read the list of seven words .Explain the new words .3.Write each word in the correct column .Check the answers.SB Page 5 , 1b .1.Read the words already written on the chart .2.Groupwork: Think about what we learned before .Write some words in the chartabove .Divide the class into groups of four ,let them have a competition . Step 3 While -taskSB Page 5 , 2a .1.Look at the pictures carefully .Can you guess what we ,ll listen ?Talk aboutthem .2.Read the instructions .We ,ll listen to 3 conversations .Number the pictures1 -3 .3.Play the tape twice .Check the answers .SB Page 5 , 2b .This activity is easy ,I think .For we know the conversations are talking about Alexis 10 years ago ,today and in 10 years .1.Read the instructions .2.Pay attention to the sentences and the verbs in the box .3.Play the tape and correct the answers .Step 4 Post -task1.Read the instructions .2.Pairwork. One is Alexis, one is Joe .3.Point out the example in the sample dialogue .Read it to the Ss .4.Talk about Joe ,s life now , ten years ago and in ten years .5.Ask some pairs of Ss to say their dialogues .Homework:1.Go over the words .2.写一篇50个单词左右的小短文 ,预测与展望未来我们的学习和生活 .3.Multiple choice1). Are you _________ your winter holiday next week?A. going to haveB. will haveC. hadD. have2). Do you often ______ from your parents?A. heardB. hearsC. to hearD. hear3). _____ Lucy _________ her homework in her room now?A. Is, doingB. Does, doC. Do, doD. Did, do4). She dances better than Mary _______.A. isB. hasC. doesD. dance5). Mary usually _______ up at five o ,clock.A. will getB. gotC. getD. gets6). They ______ four English classes a week last term.A. hasB. haveC. hadD. are having7). A bird can ______ but I can ,t.A. fliesB. flyingC. flewD. fly8). They _______ to see me yesterday evening.A. will comeB. comesC. are comingD. came9). We ,re moving to a different town ___________.A. the day before yesterdayB. last SundayC. the day after tomorrowD. a week ago10). Look! The monkeys _________ the tree.A. climbB. are climbingC. is climbingD. were climbing11). When _____ you ______ to Australia? Next Monday.A. did, flyB. will, flyC. are, flyD. do, fly12). Which team ________ the next football match?A. winsB. wonC. will winD. win教学后记:Period 4Teaching procedures:Step 1 Leading in1.Greetings .2.Ask two Ss to say sth about Joe .3.Check their homework .Step 2 While -taskSB Page 6 , 3a .1.Read the instructions .2.Give Ss 3 minutes to read the passage , tick out the new words.3.Explain the new words and practice reading .4.Point out the chart .Read the column headings to the class .5.Read the passage again .Write words from her answers in the correct columnsbelow .6.Check the answers .7.Practise reading .SB Page 6 , 3b .Playing a game :Who write it ?1.Ss write about their life in ten years on a piece of paper but don ,t write nameson the paper .2.Put all the Ss , papers together .3.Take turns reading the paper .The other Ss guess who wrote it .Step 3 Post -taskSB Page 6 , Part 4 .1.Read the questions below .2.Ask two Ss to read the dialogue .3.Answer the questions .4.Pairwork. Get your partner ,s answers .5.Share a few Ss , conversations .Homework:1.Finish selfcheck as their homework .2.Go over the words in this unit .教学后记:Period 5Teaching contents:Reading :Do you think you will have your own robot ?Teaching procedures :Step 1 Leading in1.Greetings and free talk .2.If possible,draw a robot on the Bb or put up a picture of a robot.Tell :What does it look like ? What can it do ?3.Tell your partner what you know about robots .Step 2 Pre -taskSB Page 8 , 1b .1.Read the title of the passage .2.Look at the picture together .Ask a few Ss to describe What they see .3.Read the words and phrases in the box .Practice reading the words .4.Circle the words you think you will read in the passage .Step 3 While -taskSB Page 8 .1.First let Ss scan the passage for the main idea .2.Explain something .help sb with sth /do sthdo the same as …make sb do sthIt takes /took /will take …3.Ask a few comprehension questions around the class .4.Read the passage by the Ss .Step 4 Post -task1.Go through the reading again .How many words in 1b did you correctly predict ?2.Go over the structures in SB Page 9 , 3b .Make their own sentences .Homework:1.To make sure the Ss understand the passage .and I want to know whether they ,recareful in the class ,let Ss translate the passage into Chinese .2.Go over this unit .3.Make their own sentences .4.What ways do you think a robot will help you and your family in the future .Writeyour ideas .教学后记:。
Unit 1 Will people have robots ?一、考点回顾(一)词汇1.will v.将;会;要2.robot n.机器人3.everything pron.每件事物4.paper n.纸;纸张e v.使用;利用6.fewer adj.(few的比较级)较少的;较少数7.less adj.(little的比较级)较少;较小8.pollution n.污染9.tree n.树;树木10.building n.建筑物;房屋11.astronaut n.宇航员,航天员12.rocket n.火箭13.space n.空间;太空14.space station 空间站15.fly v.飞行16.took v.(take的过去式)17.moon n.月亮;月球18.fall v.落下;跌落;变为19.fell v.(fall的过去式)20.fall in love with 爱上21.parrot n.鹦鹉22.alone adv.单独地;孤独地23.pet n.宠物24.probably adv.大概;或许25.suit n.一套衣服26.able adj.能;能够27.be able to 能够……;得以……28.dress v.穿衣29.casually adv.非正式地;随意地30.which pron.哪个;哪几个31.even adv.甚至32.The World Cup 世界杯33.wrote v.(write的过去式)34.myself pron.(反身代词)我自己;我本人35.interview n.面试;面谈36.predict v.预报;预言37.future n.将来;未来38.prediction n.预言;预测39.came v.(come的过去式)e true 实现;达到41.Sound n.声音pany n.公司43.Thought v.(think的过去式)44.Fiction n.小说45.unpleasant adj.使人不愉快的46.scientist n.科学家47.in the future 未来;将来48.hundreds of 大量;许多49.already adv.早已;已经50.made v.(make的过去式)51.factory n.工厂52.simple adj.简单的;简易的53.such adj.这样的;这种54.bored adj.厌烦的;厌倦的55.everywhere adv.各地;到处56.human n.人;人类57.shape n.外形;形状58.huge n.巨大的;极大的59.earthquake n.地震60.snake n.蛇61.possible adj.可能的62.electric adj.电的;导电的63.toothbrush n.牙刷64.seem v.像是;似乎65.impossible adj.不可能的;不会发生的66.housework n.家务;家务事67.rating n.级别;等级(二)重点短语1. make predictions 做预测2. free time 空闲时间3. fly…to…乘坐…飞往…4. on a space station 在太空站上5. I disagree. 我不同意.6. fall/be in love with sb. 与sb.相爱7. keep pets 养宠物8. be able to 能够9. predict the future 预测未来10. come true 实现11. see sb. do sth. 看见sb.做某事(的全过程)doing sth. 看见sb.正在做某事(片断)12. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事13. hundreds of 数以百计的14. try to do sth. 尽力做某事15. look like 看上去长的像…16. look for 寻找17. 一段时间+ from now (从现在起)…之后from now on = in the future 今后18.help sb. do/with sth 帮助做…19.make sb do sth 使某人做…make sb + adj 使某人怎么样了…20.it is … (for sb) to do sth 对某人来说做… 怎么样21.the same … as 和… 一样22.over and over again反复。
Unit 1 Will people have robots?SECTION A1.③Do you think...? 译成:你认为...? 还可以用成插入语,在特殊疑问句中放在特殊疑问词后,疑问句其他部分用陈述句语序。
例如:What do you think the robot will do?2.there will be 是there be 句型的将来时形式,也可以用there is/are going to be...来表将来时。
注意:there 与be连用表示“有”,不能与have连用出现在同一句中。
3.there be句型特点:主语跟在be后面。
介词短语表地点,“有”表“存在”记心间,have 和has也表“有”,二者着重“物所有”。
4.In people's homes“在人们的家里=at home. 这里的homes作名词=houses 而在at home 中用作副词。
5.辨析:home house family A.home 表示”家“,指家人共同住的地方,强调家庭气氛和环境,房屋是其中一部分,也可指较长期的居住地,出生或长大的地方,也有”家乡或故乡“的含义; B family 指家庭、一家人或家庭成员仅指人,与房子无关;C house 指家人居住的房子,强调建筑物。
注意:home作副词时前面不需任何介词。
6.On computers“用计算机,通过计算机”on介词“借助,以某种方式”其后接一些表媒介的词。
7.every的两种用法:A every修饰名词在句中作时间状语时,前面不能加介词;B“every+基数词+名词(复数)”“每隔”。
8.辨析:each 与every A each 与every 都可以用作形容词,作定语,修饰单数可数名词,但each强调的是个体,而every 强调的是整体;B each指两个或两个以上的每一个;而every 指三个或三个以上中的每一个,不能指两个中的。
C each 可做代词,做主语或宾语,可与of直接连用,而every只能作形容词。
巧学妙记:every指全体each强调单,each两个以上every三。
every只定each却不限,each同位every它不管every复合不接of短,each 不与not句中现。
every,not句中若相连,部分否定理解难。
other可与every,each连,含义有别记心间。
9.won't是will not的缩略形式。
Will必须和后面的实义动词或连系动词一起构成句子的谓语。
10.辨析:use borrow rent 与keep A use:动词,“用,使用(工具、技能或方法)”强调“使用”某种工具可引申为借用可与borrow互换;B borrow强调免费借用且稍后要归还;C rent付费租用;D keep “保存、保留”引申为“借用”后面常与一段时间连用。
e作不可数名词,“使用;用途”;表示“用处;好处”既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。
拓展:be used for/to do被用来作。
get/be used to doing 习惯于。
make use of 利用use up 用光12.everything:不定代词“一切东西,每件事物”不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;不定代词作形容词修饰时,形容词放在其后作后置定语例如:There is nothing serious.【没什么紧要的】巧学妙记:分合皆能单独用后加of则合不成。
13.free作形容词A “免费的”B“自由的”其名词形式为freedom C 空闲的,空余的,be free=have time 其反义词:busy,即可指时间又可指地点。
14.paper A. 不可数名词,“纸,纸张”;B."文章、论文、书面作业、考卷、报纸“,可用作可数名词15.in 100 year “100以后”,是用介词in+一段时间,表示“在......之后”,多用于一般将来时。
对此短语提问时how soon。
16.辨析:in,after与later A in【介词】【以现在时间为起点的“一段时间以后《之内》】【将来时】【接一段时间】B after 【介词】【以过去时间为起点的“一段时间以后。
也可用于将来的时间点之后】【过去时并接一段时间】【将来时间点之后表将来时】C later【副词】【一段间+later】【一段间+later,常用过去时】【later单独用可用于过去时或将来时】17.live to be+基数词+years old,”活到......岁,这里面live是动词“活......生活”A live on sth.“靠......为生sth.常为表示”食物“;live on sb.则表示“靠某人过活” B live by表示“靠......(手段)谋生”by后常跟方式、手段的名词或动名词。
C live in+地点“居住在......里”D live on+具体某一层楼18.辨析:live stay A 二者均表示”住“B live 表示“居住”具有长期性;stay表示”暂住”19.原级many, much few litter比较级more fewer less词义较多的更多的较少的更少的较少的更少的用法修饰可数和不可数名词仅修饰可数名词仅修饰不可数名词例词more carsmore water fewer menfewer booksless milkless money拓展:less也可以用作副词,“较少地更少地”常用来修饰形容词、副词或动词,其反义词为more,用法相同20.agree 不及物动词,“同意”21.辨析:agree with,agree to与agree on A.agree with后接人或表示“意见,看法”的词B agree to sth. 表示“同意(某计划、办法、建议、条件)”to后接计划、办法、安排、决定等名词。
C agree on /upon表示“就......取得一致意见”其主语多为复数,宾语只能是某件事、计划等而不能是表示人的名词或代词。
D agree to do sth. 同意做某件事。
22.five years ago是一个表示过去的时间状语,“5年以前”,在英语中,时态与时间状语一一对应,一段时间+ago中,ago就是一般过去时的标志性的词。
23.辨析:ago与before词语特点时态before 指从过去某个时间点算起某段时间之前完成时ago 指现在起若干时间以前,表过去过去时语法详解一般将来时(1):构成助词shall【第一人称】,will【第二、三人称】+动词原形构成,美式英语中则不管什么人称一律用will。
在口语中所有人称都用will,但在第一人称的疑问句中,经常用shall人称肯定式否定式疑问式第一人称I (we)will(shall)workI(we)will(shall)not work. Shall I(we)work?第二人称You will work. You will not work. Will you work?第三人称He (She,It,They) willwork.He (She,It,They) will notwork.Will he(she,it,they)work?(2)用法:①表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状语,常与表示将来的时间状语连用;②表示将来经常发生或反复发生的动作;③问对方是否愿意干......或表示客气的邀请。
(3)将来时的其他表示方法:①be going to +动词原形,表示即将发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事:②表示不以人的意志为转移将要发生的动作,用“will+动词原形"结构;自有计划、打算准备要做的事,常用“be going to+动词原形'结构。
③有些动词可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,这种结构里的动词表示按计划、安排等即将发生的动作如:【go come leave start arrive return spend sail meet fly begin 】④在时间或条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来时。
⑤ there be句型的一般将来时表示法肯定句There will be.否定句There will not/won't be.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+will there be?SECTION B1.space 是不可数名词,”空间,太空“一般情况下不与冠词连用,但如果space前面有表示太空状况的形容词【如dark cold airless等】修饰,这可与定冠词连用。
Space当表示”空地,间隙,篇幅“时即可作不可数名词也可作可数名词2.辨析:space room 与place A.space 表“太空”时是不可数名词,表“空间”是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,。
即可指科学概念中大大小小的空间,也可指较小的具体空间,此时可与“room”互换。
B. Room“房间”可数名词,“空间,地方”不可数名词。
C place 指某一具体的“地方,地点”可数名词。
3.fly 动词其过去式flew;过去分词flown;现在分词flying,单数形式flies。
用法:A.fly 作及物动词,“乘、驾驶【飞机、火箭】等”也用于“放飞【风筝、飞机模型】”。
B.fly作不及物动词,“飞行,乘飞机”或“【时间】飞逝” C.fly作名词,“苍蝇,复数形式”flies“拓展:fly to “乘飞机飞往......”to后接地点4.because与so二者不可用于同一句子中。
5.because 与because of二者均有“因为”之意用来表原因。
但词性和用法不同。
A.because 连词,后接原因的状语从句;B.because of 介词短语,后接表原因的名词或代词例如:We can't go out because the weather is terrible.We can't go out because of the terrible weather .6.fall in love with=be in love with 译为“爱上”。
拓展:A. fall用作不及物动词,“落下,跌落”B.fall用作系动词时,“变成”【fall asleep 入睡fall ill 生病】C. 作名词时译为“秋天”相当于“autumn”fall多用于美式英语中,autumn多用于英式英语中。
7. fall into 落入fall off fall down fall over fall behind8.辨析。