精品免费分享：2011届高考专题复习资料4

2011届高考语文总复习--识记并正确书写现代常用规范汉字（人教版）1．下列各句中，没有错别字的一项是(C) A．最令人焦灼的莫过于腐败的大肆蔓延，时刻都在消蚀着社会公正的根基，蚕食着人的良知，使人陷进对是非善恶的无休止的冷漠和麻木之中。

B．四川省汶川八级特大地震过去了，一些地质学家经过现场勘查，再次对龙门山地震带上岷江上游修建众多水电站置疑，同时也怀疑紫坪铺水坝是诱发大地震的导火线。

C．这是一块创新的热土，创业的福地，7 000年的悠久文明养育了勤劳善良的宁波人民，辉煌的历史文化，发祥了经世致用的东方哲学。

坚韧不拔、务实创新，成就了今天的辉煌。

D．温家宝总理以即将在人大二次会议所作的政府工作报告为蓝本，敬请大家在危机时刻不失信心，共赴时坚。

解析A项“消蚀”应为“销蚀”。

B项“置疑”应为“质疑”。

D项“时坚”应为“时艰”。

2．下列各句中，没有错别字的一项是(B) A．作者将每一块雨花石都画得十分精彩，七大八小的雨花石，块块都有不同的颜色、纹路、机理，仿佛引人进入一个奇妙的色彩世界。

B．中青年平均每晚睡眠不足6小时的人患高血压的几率比睡眠充足的高一倍多，即便考虑肥胖与糖尿病等因素，睡眠不足与高血压仍有重要联系。

C．当层层迭迭的葱绿涌入胸怀的时候，雪山突然从缥缈的云雾中显现，神秘如幻影，圣洁如处子，庄严而慈蔼地望着你，使你止不住地怦怦心跳。

D．作为应对金融危机的措施，国内多数拍卖公司对拍卖的规模和拍品的质量都作了相应的调整，以轨避急剧萎缩的成交量带来的风险。

解析A项机理—肌理。

C项层层迭迭—层层叠叠。

D项轨避—规避。

3．下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是(C) A．啰嗦百叶窗立杆见影卑躬屈膝B．蛰居辩证法歪门斜道雍容华贵C．糟蹋杀风景婉转悠扬筚路蓝缕D．璀璨荧光屏知书达礼暗度陈仓解析A项杆—竿。

B项斜—邪。

D项礼—理。

4．下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是(D) A．观摩闭门羹首屈一指真人不露像B．屏障拌脚石作壁上观朽木不可雕C．遨翔穷折腾真知灼见物以稀为贵D．厮杀出洋相川流不息高义薄云天解析A项像—相。

WORD 格式-专业学习资料-可编辑高考数学总复习资料高三数学第三轮总复习分类讨论押题针对训练复习目标:1．掌握分类讨论必须遵循的原则 2．能够合理，正确地求解有关问题 命题分析:分类讨论是一种重要的逻辑方法，也是一种常用的数学方法，这可以培养学生思维的条理性和概括性，以及认识问题的全面性和深刻性，提高学生分析问题，解决问题的能力.因此分类讨论是历年数学高考的重点与热点.而且也是高考的一个难点.这次的一模考试中，尤其是西城与海淀都设置了解答题来考察学生对分类讨论问题的掌握情况.重点题型分析:例1．解关于x 的不等式:)()(232R a x a a a x ∈+<+ 解:原不等式可分解因式为:(x-a)(x-a 2)<0 （下面按两个根的大小关系分类）（1）当a>a 2⇒a 2-a<0即 0<a<1时，不等式的解为 x ∈(a 2, a). （2）当a<a 2⇒a 2-a>0即a<0或a>1时，不等式的解为:x ∈(a, a 2) （3）当a=a 2⇒a 2-a=0 即 a=0或 a=1时，不等式为x 2<0或(x-1)2<0 不等式的解为 x ∈∅.综上，当 0<a<1时，x ∈(a 2, a) 当a<0或a>1时，x ∈(a,a 2) 当a=0或a=1时，x ∈∅.评述:抓住分类的转折点，此题分解因式后，之所以不能马上写出解集，主要是不知两根谁大谁小，那么就按两个根之间的大小关系来分类.例2．解关于x 的不等式 ax 2+2ax+1>0(a ∈R) 解:此题应按a 是否为0来分类.（1）当a=0时，不等式为1>0, 解集为R. （2）a ≠0时分为a>0 与a<0两类①10)1(00440002>⇒⎩⎨⎧>->⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>->⇒⎩⎨⎧>>a a a a a a a a ∆时，方程ax 2+2ax+1=0有两根aa a a aa a a a a a x )1(12442222,1-±-=-±-=-±-=. 则原不等式的解为),)1(1())1(1,(+∞-+-----∞aa a a a a .②101000440002<<⇒⎩⎨⎧<<>⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<->⇒⎩⎨⎧<>a a a a a a a ∆时， 方程ax 2+2ax+1=0没有实根，此时为开口向上的抛物线，则不等式的解为（-∞，+∞）.③ 11000440002=⇒⎩⎨⎧==>⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=->⇒⎩⎨⎧=>a a a a a a a a 或∆时， 方程ax 2+2ax+1=0只有一根为x=-1，则原不等式的解为(-∞,-1)∪(-1,+∞).④01000440002<⇒⎩⎨⎧><<⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>-<⇒⎩⎨⎧><a a a a a a a a 或∆时， 方程ax 2+2ax+1=0有两根，aa a a a a a x )1(12)1(22,1-±-=-±-=此时，抛物线的开口向下的抛物线，故原不等式的解为: ))1(1,)1(1(aa a a a a ----+-. ⑤φ∈⇒⎩⎨⎧≤≤<⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤-<⇒⎩⎨⎧≤<a a a a a a a 1000440002∆ 综上:当0≤a<1时，解集为（-∞，+∞）.当a>1时，解集为),)1(1())1(1,(+∞-+-----∞aa a a a a .当a=1时，解集为(-∞,-1)∪(-1,+∞). 当a<0时，解集为))1(1,)1(1(aa a a a a ----+-.例3．解关于x 的不等式ax 2-2≥2x-ax(a ∈R) 解:原不等式可化为⇔ ax 2+(a-2)x-2≥0, (1)a=0时，x ≤-1，即x ∈(-∞,-1]. (2)a ≠0时，不等式即为(ax-2)(x+1)≥0.① a>0时， 不等式化为0)1)(2(≥+-x ax ，当⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧->>120a a ，即a>0时，不等式解为),2[]1,(+∞--∞a .当⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-≤>120aa ，此时a 不存在.② a<0时，不等式化为0)1)(2(≤+-x ax ，当⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-<<120a a ，即-2<a<0时，不等式解为]1,2[-a当⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-><120aa ，即a<-2时，不等式解为]2,1[a -.WORD 格式-专业学习资料-可编辑当⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-=<120aa ，即a=-2时，不等式解为x=-1.综上:a=0时，x ∈(-∞,-1).a>0时，x ∈),2[]1,(+∞--∞a .-2<a<0时，x ∈]1,2[-a .a<-2时，x ∈]2,1[a-.a=-2时，x ∈{x|x=-1}.评述:通过上面三个例题的分析与解答，可以概括出分类讨论问题的基本原则为:10:能不分则不分；20:若不分则无法确定任何一个结果； 30:若分的话，则按谁碍事就分谁.例4．已知函数f(x)=cos 2x+asinx-a 2+2a+5.有最大值2，求实数a 的取值.解:f(x)=1-sin 2x+asinx-a 2+2a+5.6243)2(sin 22++---=a a a x令sinx=t, t ∈[-1,1].则6243)2()(22++---=a a a t t f (t ∈[-1,1]).(1)当12>a即a>2时，t=1，2533max =++-=a a y解方程得:22132213-=+=a a 或（舍）. (2)当121≤≤-a 时，即-2≤a ≤2时，2a t =,262432max =++-=a a y ,解方程为:34-=a 或a=4（舍）.(3)当12-<a即a<-2时， t=-1时，y max =-a 2+a+5=2即 a 2-a-3=0 ∴ 2131±=a , ∵ a<-2, ∴ 2131±-=a 全都舍去.综上，当342213-=+=a a 或时，能使函数f(x)的最大值为2. 例5．设{a n }是由正数组成的等比数列，S n 是其前n 项和，证明:15.025.05.0log 2log log ++>+n n n S S S . 证明:（1）当q=1时，S n =na 1从而0)1()2(2121211212<-=+-+⋅=-⋅++a a n a n na S S S n n n（2）当q ≠1时，qq a S n n --=1)1(1， 从而.0)1()1()1)(1(2122121221212<-=-----=-⋅++++nn n n nn n q a q q a q q a S S S由（1）（2）得:212++<⋅n n n S S S .∵ 函数xy 5.0log =为单调递减函数.∴ 15.025.05.0log 2log log ++>+n n n S S S . 例6．设一双曲线的两条渐近线方程为2x-y+1=0, 2x+y-5=0，求此双曲线的离心率.分析:由双曲线的渐近线方程，不能确定其焦点位置，所以应分两种情况求解.解:（1）当双曲线的焦点在直线y=3时，双曲线的方程可改为1)3()1(222=---by a x ，一条渐近线的斜率为2=a b ， ∴ b=2.∴ 555222==+==a a a b a c e .（2）当双曲线的焦点在直线x=1时，仿（1）知双曲线的一条渐近线的斜率为2=b a ，此时25=e .综上（1）（2）可知，双曲线的离心率等于255或.评述:例5，例6，的分类讨论是由公式的限制条件与图形的不确定性所引起的，而例1-4是对于含有参数的问题而对参数的允许值进行的全面讨论.例7．解关于x 的不等式 1512)1(<+--x x a .解:原不等式 012)1(55<⇔+--x x a 0)]2()1)[(2(022)1(012)1(<----⇔<--+-⇔<+--⇔a x a x x a x a x x a⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>----<-⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<---->-⎩⎨⎧<--=-⇔0)12)(2(01)3(0)12)(2(01)2(0)21)(2(01)1(a ax x a a a x x a x a 或或 由(1) a=1时，x-2>0, 即 x ∈(2,+∞).由(2)a<1时，012>--aa，下面分为三种情况. ①⎩⎨⎧<<⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>--<012121a a aa a 即a<1时，解为)12,2(a a --.WORD 格式-专业学习资料-可编辑②0012121=⇒⎩⎨⎧=<⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=--<a a a a a a 时，解为∅.③ ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<--<2121aa a ⇒ ⎩⎨⎧><01a a 即0<a<1时，原不等式解为:)2,12(a a --. 由（3）a>1时，aa--12的符号不确定，也分为3种情况.①⎩⎨⎧≤>⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥-->012121a a aa a ⇒ a 不存在. ② ⇒⎩⎨⎧>>⇒⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<-->012121a a a a a 当a>1时，原不等式的解为:),2()12,(+∞---∞ a a. 综上:a=1时，x ∈(2,+∞).a<1时，x ∈)12,2(aa-- a=0时，x ∈∅.0<a<1时，x ∈)2,12(a a-- a>1时，x ∈),2()12,(+∞---∞ aa. 评述:对于分类讨论的解题程序可大致分为以下几个步骤: 10:明确讨论的对象，确定对象的全体； 20:确定分类标准，正确分类，不重不漏； 30:逐步进行讨论，获得结段性结记； 40:归纳总结，综合结记. 课后练习:1．解不等式2)385(log 2>+-x x x 2．解不等式1|)3(log ||log |3121≤-+x x3．已知关于x 的不等式052<--ax ax 的解集为M. （1）当a=4时，求集合M:（2）若3∈M ，求实数a 的取值范围.4．在x0y 平面上给定曲线y 2=2x, 设点A 坐标为(a,0), a ∈R ，求曲线上点到点A 距离的最小值d ，并写成d=f(a)的函数表达式.参考答案:1. ），（），（∞+2353212.]4943[，3. (1) M 为），（），（2452 ∞-(2)),9()35,(+∞-∞∈ a4. ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<≥-==时当时当1||112)(a a a a a f d .2006年高三数学第三轮总复习函数押题针对训练复习重点：函数问题专题，主要帮助学生整理函数基本知识，解决函数问题的基本方法体系，函数问题中的易错点，并提高学生灵活解决综合函数问题的能力。

2011届高考第一轮总复习满分练兵场高一册Unit 4Ⅰ.单词拼写1．______(打动) by the beauty of the West Lake, he determined to stay there another two days.2．My little brother is a very ______(调皮的) boy. He often plays tricks on me.3．The fireman was praised for his ______(营救) of the children in the burning house.4．We found a car ______(前进) towards us at a high speed. Maybe it would soon get close to us in less than a minute.5．More than half of the houses have been ______(破坏) by the sudden flood, leaving many people in the town homeless.6．Hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, tsunamis are all forms of natural ______(灾难), which often cause great damage.7．It’s such an ______(令人难忘的) experience that I will always keep it in mind.8．Beijing is the city to get the chance to ______(主办) the 2008 Olympic Games.9．The terrible flood ______(毁坏) the farmers’ fields and houses last year.10．You must seize this good ______(机遇) to study further in the famous university.[答案]1．Struck 2.naughty 3.rescue 4.advancin g5．destroyed 6.disasters7.unforgettable8．host9.destroyed10.opprotunityⅠ.完成句子(湖北专用)1．She was determined ____________(赢这场赛跑)．(win)2．He doesn’t know ____________(是否会被邀请参加这次会议)．(meeting)3．Being busy ____________(给经理准备报告), I hardly had any time to take care of my child.(prepare)4．He would rather ____________(让别人给他修房子) than do it by himself.(have)5．Parents ____________(对孩子的性格有很大影响)．(effect)6．The accident ____________(使他的车受到很大的破坏)．(do)7．His book happened to ____________(留在教室里了)．(leave)8．Anna was watching a cartoon, ____________(完全忘记了外面的世界)．9．At present, lots of food, water, tents and medicine ____________(正在运往) from all over China and other parts of the world to the earth－stricken areas.(transport)10．The doctor advised that he ____________(放弃抽烟)．(give)[答案]1．to win the race2．whether he will be invited to attend the meeting3．preparing a report for the manager4．have the house repaired5．have much effect on the character of their children6．did great damage to his car7．be left in the classroom8．completely lost to the outside world9．are being transported10．give up smokingⅡ.单项填空1．—Would you like to join us in the game?—______，for I have something important to attend to.A. I willB. I’d love toC. I won’tD. I’m afraid not2．The electricity was ______ and the whole city was in the dark.A. cut offB. cut awayC. cut downD. cut up[来源:Z|xx|]3．Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.A. runB. runningC. being runD. to run4．Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.A. whichB. thatC. thisD. it5．She stepped into the bedroom quietly ______ she might wake up her roommates.A. for fear thatB. so long asC. on condition thatD. assuming that[6．—It’s neither hot nor cold now.—Yes, I’m fond of returning ______ nature ______ vacation.A. to the; onB. /; duringC. back to; inD. to; on7．______ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.A. CaughtB. Having caughtC. Being caughtD. To catch8．—Can I speak to Eril?—Oh. ______ please. He is coming.A. Hold outB. Hold upC. Hold backD. Hold on9．Don’t put the chair too close to the stove. Dry wood ______ fire easily, you know.A. lightsB. burns[C. makesD. catches10．A terrible thought suddenly ______ me—had anyone broken into the house?A. struckB. beatC. knockedD. attacked11．The parents rushed to the hospital ______ they heard that their son was injured.A. at the momentB. for the momentC. the momentD. in a moment12．—The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.—Don’t worry. We have already ______ two thirds of it.A. got downB. got throughC. given inD. given away13．—I knocked but nobody answered the door.—They ______ asleep then and didn’t hear you.A. must beB. should beC. must have beenD. should have been14．The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now ______ the matter.A. seeing throughB. working outC. looking intoD. watching over15．(2010·江苏南京期末)Alice, bent ______ losing weight, increased the time of exercise to three hours ______ a time.A. on; atB. on; forC. with; forD. with; at[答案]1．D。

2011届高考第一轮总复习满分练兵场第一部分第3单元考点4一、单项选择题(2009·河北唐山4月)读漫画“把云留住”，完成1～2题。

1．与该漫画主题最贴切的环境问题是() A．土地盐碱化 B．大气污染C．森林破坏D．温室效应2．此图体现了区域地理环境的() A．整体性B．差异性C．开放性D．同一性【解析】图示景观为荒漠景观，主要是由人类对植被的破坏造成的。

该图反映了地理环境的整体性特征。

【答案】 1.C 2.A(2009·江西九江4月)下图为“陆地环境主要构成要素的相互关联图”。

读图，完成3～4题。

3．松花江和珠江水文特征不同，关键是图中哪个箭头所起的作用() A．①B．②C．③D．④【解析】河流的水文特征包括径流量大小、流量的季节变化、结冰期、含沙量等方面，而这些方面与河流流域内的气候密切相关。

松花江地处东北为温带季风气候区，而珠江流经亚热带季风气候区，两条河流由于气候不同，而水文特征差异很大。

【答案】A[来源:]4．能表示黄土高原地貌特征形成的箭头是() A．⑤B．⑥C．⑦D．⑧【解析】黄土高原地表千沟万壑的形态，主要是流水侵蚀作用形成的，图中⑥表示水文对地貌的影响。

故选B项。

【答案】 B(2009·6题。

气象要素(单位) 1月4月7月10月月平均气温(℃) 10.8 14.2 20.7 18.6降雨日数(日)11.2[来源:Z。

xx。

k.Com]9.3 0.8 8.0日平均日照时数(小时) 5.5 8.4 11.1 7.75.()A．昼夜长短和天气B．昼夜长短和自转速度C．正午太阳高度和自转速度D．正午太阳高度和气候【解析】昼夜长短和天气是影响该地日平均日照时数年变化的主要因素。

【答案】 A6．该地区的自然植被类型是() A．温带落叶阔叶林B．热带草原C．亚热带常绿硬叶林D．亚热带常绿阔叶林[来源:学科网ZXXK][来源:学_科_网]【解析】该地为地中海气候，对应的自然植被类型是亚热带常绿硬叶林。

2011届高考英语精品复习：英语阅读理解2011В銆愬懡棰樿秼鍚戙€?20111锛?В棰樺瀷涓猴細涓绘棬澶ф剰棰橈紱鍒嗘瀽鎺ㄧ悊棰橈紱缁嗚妭鐞嗚В棰橈紱鐚滄祴璇嶄箟棰橈紱?鍒嗘瀽缁嗚妭銆??2锛?х殑鍘熸眮鍘熷懗鐨勬枃绔犮€傛?3锛??4锛?棰樻潗娑鍖栫被銆佸箍鍛婂拰鏂伴椈鎶ラ亾绫汇€佺ぞ浼氱儹鐐瑰拰鍦扮悊绫汇€?5锛??変负涓?銆佷綋鐜颁簡澶х?6锛?閽?0鍗曡瘝銆?7锛?В樼殑鑰冩煡鍔涘害銆?8锛?В?銆愰?缁嗚妭鐞嗚В涓绘棬澶ф07骞村叏鍥藉嵎9 6 3 1 06骞村叏鍥藉嵎7 9 2 2 05骞村叏鍥藉嵎7 9 2 2銆愪緥棰樿В鏋愩€?1?Secretary.Part time.20 hours a week.Busy doctor`s office.Experience preferred.Good typing.Call 555-2438 BABYSITTER 3 to 6 weekday afternoons.I will take you home.$ 5 an hour, call 555-5593. Guitar lessons.Your home or mine.Experienced musician.Master`s degree in music Call Louise 555-6131. TENTH STREET BLOCK PARTY.July 15.Noon to 8.Food, games, prizes, live band.Tenth Street between Main and North. APARTMENT FOR RENT.3 sunny rooms on high floor, great view.Separate kitchen.Wall-to-wall carpeting.The living room can be used as dining room.Email :SDGT@ TAXI DRIVER WANTED. Full or part time.Experience necessary.A good knowledge of the city is required. Call 555鈥?860 between 9 am and 5 pm weekdays. A stereo system for sale.It has two speakers.The system has AM/FM radio.It also has a tape deck and turntable.It is in good condition.The stereo was owned for only one year.The price is $ 200 including the speakers.The owner will also take the highest price offered if the asking price is not met.Call Bill after 6 pm at 555-9834. 2?How many of the seven ads are placed by people who want to hire someone for a certain job ? Four B.Three C.Two D.Five . 銆佸叚娈靛紑澶寸殑淇℃伅锛屽彲鐭ユ湁涓変釜骞垮憡鎷涜仒浜恒€?3?1.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage ? 2.Which of the following could Not expected. 3.Which of the following is true ? 4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the second paragraph ? Which of the following is true ? A.Those who have some experience in office work will have a better chance to get the job of secretary. B.The owner of the stereo will never sell his stereo at a price less than $ 200. C.The taxi driver is not not necessarily familiar with the city. D.The tenth street block party will last until after 8 . 瑙ｆ?Experience preferred銆傚箍鍛?涓璄xperience necessary?涓璗he price is $ 200 including the speakers.The owner will also take the highest price offered if the askingprice is not met.銆傚彲鐭ラ亾B ? A good knowledge of the city is required.C?涓嶇湡瀹炪€?4鍜岀悊瑙ｄ腑蹇冩€濇兂鐨勮兘鍔涖€1.Which of the following would be the best title ?2.The passage is mainly about _____.3.The writer`s purpose is that _____.4.The main idea of the article is ____.5.From the passage we learn that ______.6.The key point of the passage is ___.7.The article mainly tells us about ____.8.In the passage the writer argues that ____.?If you are like most students, you probably read both at home and outside your home: perhaps somewhere on your school yard and maybe even at work during your breaks.Your reading environment can have a great effect on your understanding, so you give some thought to how you can create or choose the right reading environments.The environment allows to stay alter and to keep all of your attention on the text, especially when it is both interesting and difficult. When you are at home, you can usually create effective conditions for reading.You might want to choose a particular place 锟紺a desk or table, for example 锟紺where you always read.Make sure the place you choose is well lighted, and sit in a chair that requires you to sit straight.Reading in a chair that`s too soft and comfortable is likely you make you sleepy!Keep your active reading tools (pens, markers, notebooks or paper )and a dictionary close at hand. Before you sit down for a reading period, try to reduce all possible interruptions.Turn off your phone, the television, and the radio.tell your family members or roommates that you will be busy for a while.If necessary, put a 鈥淒o not disturb 鈥?sign on yourdoor!The more interruptions you must deal with while you read, the harder it will beto keep your attention on the task at hand. What would be the best title for the text ? What to Read B.The Ways to Reduce Possible Interruptions C Creating an Effective Reading Environment D. How to Read Fast 瑙ｆ瀽锛氭湰鏂囨槸璇存鐨勯槄璇荤幆澧冦€?5嬮棿鐨勯€昏緫鍏崇郴鐨勭悊瑙ｏ紝濡備綍?*The passage is probably written for __________. *What is implied but not stated ? *The paragraphis probably taken from ____ * It can be inferred in the story that ______. *The writer implied that ___________. *What`s the writer`s attitude towards ______? *What can be concluded from the passage ? *What is the writer`s purpose ? *From the passage we can draw a conclusion that _____. Our village carpenter, John Hill,came one day and made a dining table for my wife.He made it just the right size to fill the space between the two windows.When I got home that evening, John was drinking a cup of tea and writing out his bill for the job. My wife said to me quietly, 鈥淚t is ninth cup of tea today.鈥滲ut she said in a loud voice, 鈥淚t is a beautiful table, dear, isn`t it ?鈥?鈥淚`ll decided about that when I see the bill 鈥滻read : One dining table, 10 November, 1989. Cost of wood :$ 17.00 Paint :$ 1.50 Work:8 hours ($1 an hour) $ 8.00 Total :$36.50 When I was looking at the bill, John said, 鈥淚t is been a fine day, hasn`t it ? Quite sunny. 鈥?鈥淵es鈥滻said 鈥淚`m glad it is only the 10th of November.鈥?鈥淢e, too鈥?said John, 鈥淵ou wait.It`ll be a lot colder by the end of the month 鈥?鈥測es, colder nd more expensive ! Dining tables will be be $ 20 more expensive on November 30th, won`t they, John ?鈥?John looked hard at me for half a minute.Was there a little smile in his two blue eyes ?I gave his bill back to him. 鈥淚f it isn`t too much trouble, John, 鈥滻said, 鈥減lease add it up again and you can forget the date.鈥?I paid him $ 26.50 and he was happy to getit. 1锛嶹hy did John talk about the weather when the writer was looking at the bill ? Because he didn`t want the writer to go through the bill carefully. Because it was really a fine day Because he wanted the writer to check the bill carefully Because he wanted to tell the writer what the weather was like.ohn 鏁呮剰鍒嗘暎浣滆€呮敞鎰忓姏锛屼娇浣滆€呬笉鑳戒粩缁嗘煡甯愮洰銆?2锛嶧rom the story we know that ____. A.John made a mistake in the bill B.John tried to fool the writer in order to get more money for his work. C.John had written out the bill before the writer got home. D.John still wanted to get $ 36.50 for his work in the end.锛氭湰棰樻槸鎺ㄦ柇鍒ゆ柇棰?鏍规嵁涓婁笅鏂囷紝浣滆€呮煡甯愶紝John鏁呮剰璇磋瘽锛屾槸瑕佹剼寮勪綔鑰呫€?6锛庣寽娴嬭瘝涔夛細鏍规嵁涓婁笅鏂嬶細*The word 鈥溾€︹€漣n the first paragraph probably means ___. *The underlined phrase 鈥溾€︹€漣n the article probably means ____. *The word 鈥渋t鈥漣n the last paragraph refers to ____. *In line 6, the word 鈥溾€︹€漜ould best be replaced by ____. *鈥溾€︹€漣s a synonym for ____.LONDON Thursday July 26 (Reuters)---Eddy missed his girlfriend Anna so much he flew back to Britain from Australia to propose to her.The problem is she did the same in the opposite direction. He and Anna even managed to miss each other when they sat in the same airport waiting room in Singapore at the same time to wait for connecting flights. 鈥? The underlined word 鈥渕iss鈥漣n paragraph 2 most probably means _____. A.fail to meet B. fail to understand C. escape from D long to see??A Grown-ups know that people and objects are solid. At the movies, we know that if we reach out to touch Tom Cruise, all we will feel is air. But does a baby have this understanding? To see whether babies know objects are solid. T. Bower designed amethod for projecting an optical illusion()of a hanging ball. His plan was to first give babies a real ball, one they could be expected to show surprised in their faces and movements, All the 16 to 24-week-old babies tested were surprised when they reached for the illusion and found that the ball was not there. Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. But does a baby realize that a ball that rolls under a chair does not disappear and go to never-never land? Experiments done by Bower suggest that babies develop a sense of object permanence when they are about 18 weeks old. In his experiments, Bower used a toy train that went behind a screen. When 16-week-old and 22-week-old babies watched the toy train disappear behind the left side of the screen, they looked to the right, expecting it to re-appear. If the experiment took the train off the table and lifted the screen, all the babies seemed surprised not to see the train. This seems to show that all the babies had a sense of object permanence. But the second part of the experiment showed that this was not really the case. The re-searcher substituted(鏇挎崲) a ball for the train when it went behind the screen. The22-week-old babies seemed surprised and looked back to the left side for the train. But the 16-week-old babies did not seem to notice the switch(鏇存崲).Thus,the16-week-old babies seemed to have a sense of 鈥渟omething permanence,鈥?while the 22-week-old babies had a sense of object permanence related to a particular object. 1.The passage is mainly about . A.babies鈥檚ense of sight B.effects of experiments on babies C.babies鈥檜nderstanding of objects D.different tests on babies鈥檉eelings 2.In Paragraph 3, 鈥渙bject permanence鈥?means that when out of sight, and object . A.still exists B.keeps its shape C.still stays solid D.is beyond reach 3.What did Bower use in his experiments? A.A chair B.A screen C.A film D.A box 4. 39.Which of the following statements is true? A.The babies didn鈥檛have a sense of direction. B.The older babies preferred toy trains to balls. C. The younger babiesliked looking for missing objects D.The babies couldn鈥檛tell a ball from its optical illusion. B The Three Gorges (涓夊场)Dam, the largest dam in the world, is also the largest engineering project on the face of the earth. It aims to make the mother of all floods, the Changjiang River, into a tame river and it will be the largest power source for much of eastern and central China.It will create a huge, deep-water lake, and make it possible for 10,000 ton ocean going ships to sail 15,000 miles inland from the Pacific to the city of Chongqing with its 30 million people, making it the word鈥檚largest river port. Construction has already started. The dam will be a-bout 6,860 feet long and 611 feet high, at a spot called Sandouping near Yichang. After many years of investigation(璋冪爺)experts have drawn a conclusion that this grand project will do a great deal of good. The most important thing is flood control.By building a dam instead of new coal plants to meet its growing demand for electricity, China will give off much less poisonous gases into the air. However, some scientists don鈥檛agree to the project. They say that Chongqing and dozens of other cities along the river will put much waste into the reservoir(姘村簱),which can do harm to people, fish and other living things that depend on the river. Sedimentation(娌夌Н)and damage of a breach (鍐冲彛)are problems, too. The Three Gorges Dam could be considered, when it is finished in 2009,a new eighth wonder of the world as to the size alone. 5. Which is not the purpose to build such a huge dam? A.To make electricity. B.To prevent floods. C.To improve navigation(杩愯緭) D.To make it a wonder. 6. Where does the dam lie ? A.Near Chongqing. B.Near Yichang. C.In the Three Gorges D.In Wuhan. 7. It will take about to complete the dam. A.eight years B.more than ten years C.half a century D.more than twenty years. 8. Some scientists fear that .A.when the dam is built, the balance of nature may be destroyedB. sedimentation may occurC.a breach may cause millions of people to die or to be homelessD.electricity will not be as much as expected 9. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT right? A.When finished, the dam will be one of themain bases of power source of China. B.People have different ideas about the setting up of the dam C.It will take many years to build the dam because people want to see whether it will be safe and strong enough. D.Chongqing will become the largest river port in the world when the dam is finished. C Foreigners are likely to acquire(鑾峰緱)more investment opportunities in china since the central government has passed a fresh regulation to Tuesday to attract foreign capital(璧勬湰) The regulation, which will take effect on April 1, out-lines how china will expand co-owned enterprisesre-form(浼佷笟鏀归潻) According to the regulation, overseas investors are expected to become shareholders in the key state-owned enterprises. Overseas investors will even allowed to hold the controlling stake(鎺ц偂)in the large state-owned enterprises, except for those of key importance to national or economic security. 鈥淐hina鈥檚WTO membership has reduced the risks and costs for foreign investors, and more capital and advanced techniques and expert knowledge or skill are expected to flown in,鈥漚n official said. In particular, the new regulationappeals(makes an ear-nest request) for capital for agricultural technology, transportation, energy and new material industry, The service industry, including banking, will gradually become another focal point of co-operation. The country hopes foreign investors start businesses in the western regions, where they will enjoy more favourable taxation policies for the nest 10years. 10.A great deal of foreign capital has come to china because . A the foreign investors have too much money B there are too many enterprises in china C China is a large country D China鈥檚reform will bring great benefit to the foreign investors 11.If foreign investors start their business in the west-ern regions, they will . A pay more taxes B lose more benefit C offer more taxes D gain more advantages 12.which of the following statements is Not true? A.Foreign capital is appealed for to develop the new material industry. B.Foreign capital is appealed to take part in China鈥?C.Foreigners are encouraged to take part in China鈥檚enterprises reform. D.Foreign investors canhold the controlling stake of all the large state-owned enterprises. 13.From the passage we can infer that china鈥檚service industry will in future.鈥?A fall behind others B. develop at the same speed as now C.be developed rapidly D.continueco-operation with foreigners D. Mrs Keller had a big family.Her husband had a factory in the town.One of her sons was a lawyers and the other two were drivers.And her two daughters worked in the post office.The old woman stayed at home and could do all housework and wouldn`t employ anybody. One evening, the telephone rang while the old woman was preparing supper.She went to answer it.She was told that one of her sons died in a traffic accident.She heard this and fell in a faint.When she came back to life, she was in hospital.And she needed to be helped after that. Several months later she was told on the telephone her daughter died while she was being operated on.The old woman was so sad that she had to be in hospital again.From then on she was afraid to answer any telephones and sometimes she was afraid hear the bell.Of course it brought them some trouble and some important business was held up.So her husband advised her to see a psychiatrist.The man examined her carefully and then asked her some questions. 鈥淵ou will soon be all right if you follow my advice, Mrs Keller鈥漵aid the psychiatrist. The old woman took the medicine the doctor gave on time and tried to forget her dead son and daughter.And two months later she went to see the psychiatrist again. 鈥淵ou have saved me, Doctor, 鈥漷he old woman said, as soon as she saw him. 鈥淎re you afraid to answer the telephone now ?鈥?鈥淣o,鈥漚nswered Keller. 鈥淚dare answer it whether it rings or not 鈥?14.Mrs Keller could do all housework because ______. A.she had no money to employ a helper. B.she was strong enough to do all at home C.she didn`t believe anybody D.only she was free at home 15.The old woman fell in a faint because _____ A.she went to answer the telephone. B.she was very ill that evening C.she walked in the room carelessly D.she heard the news about her son`s death. 16.After she came out of hospital, Mrs Keller wasn`t ___as before. A.strongB.ableC.cleverD.sad 17.___made the old woman not answer the telephone. A.The doctor`s advice B.Her husband`s suggestion C.Her poor health D.The two pieces of bad news E London ---鈥淓veryone has one !鈥?Lucy declared to her parents, trying to get a cell-phone as a gift for her 14th birthday.Her parents gave in. Curious to know how her daughter would use the phone, Jane Bidder, the mother, followed Lucy to the school bus in the morning.The bus eats 20,of whom half have acell-phone.One rings and several adolescent owners feel in their bags. Many parents have just realize that the cell-phone is no longer only for traveling businessmen鈥昳t is as likely to be found in school bags. The cell-phone seems to have become something essential for today`s teens in Britain, according to a survey published last week, by NOP, a leading market research company in Britain.Research found that 66 percent of 16-year-olds now have access to a cell-phone. The cell-phone has been turned into a secret messaging service by teen-users.When they are talking on the cell-phone, their parents are not able to eavesdrop on the second line. The interviews with 2,019 young people aged 7 to 16 found that they favor the text massaging services because they offer a secret way of keeping in touch.The days of secret notes in the classroom are dying out. For example, 鈥渃ya鈥?means 鈥渟ee you鈥? 鈥渓ol鈥?means 鈥渓augh out loud 鈥?and 鈥?nite鈥漣s an abbreviation of 鈥渢onight鈥?All these are based on shorthand phrases used on the Internet. Many schools have banned students using cell-phones.But they are not very successful.Still phones ring in the class and disturb study. Besides, people are worried about the health risk to kids using cell-phone radiation. 18.The story of Lucy to show us ____. A.British parents meet their children `s needs whatever they are. B.British kids have good relationships with their parents. C.how British parents accept the truth of teenagers owning a cell-phone. D.why every child gets acell-phone as a birthday present in UK. 19.What would be the best title for this news story ? A.School bans cell-phones B.Parents` curiosity about children usingcellphones. C.Cell-phone popularity among UK teens D.Secret messages popular among kids in UK. 20.Interview discover children like sending messages instead of_____. A.calling each other B.writing notes to each other C.playing games online D.greeting each other 銆愬弬鑰冪瓟妗堛€?A紝澶ф锋湁鐗╀綋鎸佷箙鎬х16鍛ㄥ埌24鍛ㄧ殑濠村効鏈?8箙鎬с€?1.瑙ｆ瀽ф剰鐨勬妸鎻¤兘鍔涖€傛湰鏂囬В閲婏紝鏃ㄥ湪璇存槑濠村効瀵圭墿浣撶殑鐞嗚В銆傜瓟妗堬細C 2.瑙ｆ瀽В寰楃煡鈥渙bject permanence鈥濇剰鎬濇槸鈥滅墿浣撲緷鐒跺瓨鍦ㄢ€濄€傜瓟妗堬細A 3.瑙ｆ瀽ВBower screen.4.瑙ｆ瀽D B 5.瑙ｆ瀽涓夊场澶у?D 6.瑙ｆ瀽煡涓夊场澶у潩浣嶄簬瀹滄槍闄勮繎鐨勪笁鏂楀潽銆?7.瑙ｆ瀽鏂囦腑鏈夋槑ц矗鐨勪慨寤哄伐绋嬪凡缁忓紑濮嬶紝骞跺皢浜?009骞у潩鐨勪慨寤哄伐绋嬪皢鍘嗘椂16骞淬€傚嵆浣夸笉鐭ラ亾澶у88.煄甯備細寰€姘村簱鎺掑簾鐗╋紝鑰屼激瀹冲埌浜恒€侀奔鍙婂叾浠栫敓鐗╅兘涓嶅叏銆傜瓟妗圓9.Cу?C 10.鍏堜腑鍥芥斂搴滅粰澶栬祫鎻愪緵浜嗚秺鏉ヨ秺澶氱殑鎶曡祫鏈轰細锛屽悓鏃hina鈥檚WTO membership has reduced the risks and costs for foreign investors?11.傜瓟妗圖12.缁嗚妭棰樸€傛枃绔犵verseas investors will even be allowed to hold the controlling stake in the large state-owned enterprises, except for those of key importance to national or economic security.13.he service industry, including banking, telecommunication, insurance, and tourism, will gradually become another focal point of co-operation.鈥?涓€鍙ヨ瘽锛屽彲浠ョ湅鍑烘湇鍔′笟灏嗘垚涓哄瓟妗圕D 14.Mrs Keller仛鎵€鏈夌殑瀹跺姟锛屽苟涓斾笉闆囦剑浜猴紝浣忛櫌鍚庯紝鍋氫粈涔堜簨鎯傜瓟妗堬細B 15.Mrs Keller鎺ュ埌鐢佃瘽锛岀煡閬撳ス鍎垮瓙姝讳簡锛屽ス灏辨檿鍊掍簡銆傜瓟妗堬細D. 16.he heard this and fell in a faint.When she came back to life, she was in hospital.And she needed to be helped after that銆傝繖鍙ュA. 17.缁嗚妭棰樸€?Mrs Keller愬コ姝讳骸鐨勭數璇濓紝鎵€浠ヤ笉鏁㈠啀鎺ョ數璇濄€傛晠閫夛細D E 18.鎺浠ユ嫢鏈夋墜鏈恒€傛晠姝ょ瓟妗堥€?C 19.涓绘棬澶ф剰銆傞€氳繃鐖舵瘝鐨傛晠姝ょ瓟妗堥€夛細C 20The interviews with 2,019 young people aged 7 to 16 found that they favor the text massaging services because they offer a secret way of keeping in touch.The days of secret notes in the classroom are dying out.:B。

专题三自然资源与自然灾害【专题概要】第八讲自然资源与自然灾害【知识体系构建】【核心要点突破】（2010·福建卷文综第8题）入海河流三角洲的土地利用类型受河流淡水和海洋成水的共同影响。

某三角洲面积增长较快，该三角洲地区2007年土地利用类型的构成如表1所示。

完成7～8题。

8．在三角洲向海洋推进的过程中，土地利用类型变化的一般趋势是A．滩涂一盐荒地一旱地B．盐荒地—滩涂-旱地C．旱地一盐荒地—滩涂D．林草地一旱地—滩涂【答案】A【解析】8.由于黄河三角洲不断向海洋推进，所以一部分滩涂会逐渐变为盐荒地，经过改造变为旱地，所以A 是正确的。

（2010·上海地理·T17 ～18·4分）（七）丰富的海洋资源，多变的海洋环境，对人类生产、生活产生巨大的影响。

3.在下列世界著名渔场中，位于北大西洋暖流与拉布拉多寒流交汇海域的是：A．纽芬兰渔场B．北海道渔场C．秘鲁渔场 D.北海渔场4.当“拉尼娜”发生时，住往会出现的现象是A.热带太平洋东部暴雨频繁B．南美太平洋沿岸鱼类大量死亡C．东南亚地区持续干旱D．亚洲东部沿海台风次数增加【命题立意】该题组主要考查海洋资源、海洋环境的有关知识，意在引导学生理论联系实际、学以致用。

了解世界主要渔场的位置及成因，理解大气环流的基本原理是解答问题的关键所在。

【规范解答】3选A，4选D。

第3题，北海道渔场和秘鲁渔场都位于太平洋，分别由日本暖流和千岛寒流交汇、秘鲁沿海冷海水上泛形成，因此B、C项错误；纽芬兰渔场和北海渔场分别位于北大西洋的西岸和东岸，分别由北大西洋暖流与拉布拉多寒流交汇、北大西洋暖流与北冰洋南下冷海水交汇所形成，因此，A项正确，D项错误。

第4题，“拉尼娜”现象发生时，赤道东、中太平洋地区海水温度异常偏低，从而导致赤道地区大洋东西两岸间的大气环流强度增加，因此容易导致赤道地区大洋东岸降水偏少，西岸台风次数增多，降水增加等现象，但对本来就生活在较冷海水中的南美太平洋沿岸的鱼类来说，影响不大。