2019高考英语系列1动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
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三年(2017-2019)年高考真题分项汇编
专题07 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
一、2019年高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 22.The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in the
last three months.
A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意:在过去的三个月里,这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知,这句话的时态为现在完成时,故排除AD选项。本句主语为the
musician,为第三人称单数形式,句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分,故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】29.A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with
the people and culture there.
A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell
【答案D
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:他到中国几个月后,就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。
3.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】33.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 for the Beijing
Winer Olympics.
A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed
动词突破篇
动词(短语)表示主语的动作、存在、变化或态度。动词按照动词的意义可以分为实义动词、情态动词、系动词、助动词。
第一讲 谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
动词时态历来是高考考查的重点。动词时态考查虽多,但考向非常集中, 最常考的是一般过去时和一般现在时,其次是现在完成时, 其他时态考查相对较少。因此备考重点是:
①动词时态的基本用法 ②动词语态的基本用法 ③主谓一致
考点1 动词的时态
动词时态的知识网络(以动词do为例)
现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时 一般时 do/does did shall/will do should/would
do
进行时 am/is/are doing was/were doing shall/will be
doing should/would
be doing
完成时 have/has done
had done shall/will have
done should/would
have done
完成进
行时 have/has been
doing had been doing shall/will have
been doing should/would
have been
doing
1.一般时态
(1)一般现在时
①表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用动作动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
We have meals three times a day.我们一日吃三餐。
②表示客观真理、科学事实及自然现象。
The sun sets in the west.太阳从西方落下。
③在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I’ll write to her when I have time.
有时间我会写信给她。
(2)一般过去时
①表示过去发生的一次性或习惯性动作或状态。
We often played basketball together.
高考英语谓语动词的时态、被动语态和主谓一致
考点1 谓语动词的时态
一、谓语动词时态的种类
1.一般现在时
(1)一般现在时的构成
1)一般现在时主要用动词原形表示,如果主语为第三人称单数,则一般在动词原形后加-s或-es,其变化规则如下表所示:
情况 规则 例词
一般情况 加-s design→designs
explore→explores
以s,sh,ch,x,o,z结尾的动词 加-es impress→impresses
flash→flashes
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为ies apply→applies
identify→identifies
2)be的变化:am,is,are。
3)have的变化:has,have。
(2)一般现在时的用法
用法 例句
表示现在的经常性、习惯性动作或状态 We have meals three times a day.我们一日吃三餐。(现在的习惯)
He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于助人。(现在的状态)
表示客观真理、科学事实及自然现象。此 The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 用法即使出现在过去的语境中,也用一般现
在时 He said that hydrogen is a light gas.他说氢气是很轻的气体。
用于以here,there开头的倒装句中,一般现在时表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态 There goes the bell.铃响了。
Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
有些动词的一般现在时可以表示将来(见一般将来时的用法)
2.一般过去时
(1)一般过去时的构成
1)一般过去时用动词的过去式表示,其规则动词变化方法如下表所示:
情况 规则 例词
一般情况 加-ed pack→packed
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为ied carry→carried
动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
(一)动词的时态
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award,proud Irene
declared (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36yearold business.
解析:首先确定该动词为主句的谓语动词;其次根据宾语从句的谓语动词had以及上下文的时态等为一般过去时,故该谓语动词应使用一般过去时;最后,主语和谓语动词之间构成主动关系。
2.(2019·北京卷)On the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with
butterflies in my stomach. I voiced (voice) my biggest concern to my mother.
解析:考查动词的时态。本句叙述的是过去的事情,用一般过去时,故填voiced。
3.(2019·北京卷)Does the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the question suggests/suggested/has_suggested (suggest) that,for most
students,it doesn't.
解析:考查动词的时态。本文的主题时态是一般现在时,主语是research,可以用suggests;又可以表示“研究已经表明了”,用现在完成时,可以填has suggested;又可以表示“研究过去表明了”,可以用一般过去时,填suggested。
4.(2019·浙江卷)One study in America found that students' grades improved