天津港资料定稿

天津港发展情况分析
天津港发展情况分析
天津港是中国北方地区最大的港口之一，也是国家重要的国际物流中心和演练平台之一。

以下是天津港发展情况的分析：
1. 总体发展情况：2019年，天津港集团货物吞吐量超过5.1亿吨，成为继上海港、宁波港之后中国第三个5亿吨级别的港口。

此外，天津港集团资产负债率、营业成本指数等关键指标均呈现稳健增长态势。

2. 现代化设施建设：天津港不断推进先进装备的引进和升级，煤炭配套设施、集装箱码头等物流基础设施也稳步提升。

2019年，天津港集团开展了智慧港口等多项创新举措，推进实现港口物流数字化和智能化。

3. 多元化运营模式：天津港通过积极举办直达海外航线、开展海铁多式联运、促进内河铁水联运、开展散货货运等一系列多元化运营模式，不断拓展港口业务，实现港口经营效益最大化。

4. 连接“一带一路”：天津港紧密围绕“一带一路”建设，积极发挥港口枢纽作用，推进海上运输体系服务网络建设，加快港口互联互通，使天津港成为区域经济发展的重要支撑。

总体来讲，在多方面的积极推动和努力下，天津港集团逐渐成为中国北方地区最大的港口，对于区域经济的发展以及与“一带一路”倡议的深度融合也能够发挥重要作用。

天津港资料4.1 ⼯程位置本⼯程位于天津港南疆港区规划的26#泊位处，东侧为⼤型⽯化码头区，天津港主航道⾥程约12+000。

4.2 ⾃然条件根据天津塘沽海洋站2000-2006年实测值进⾏特征值的统计与分析。

4.2.1 ⽓温年平均⽓温 13.1℃年平均最⾼⽓温 16.4℃年平均最低⽓温 10.9℃极端最⾼⽓温 40.9℃极端最低⽓温 -13.5℃（注1953年1⽉17⽇曾出现最低⽓温-18.3℃）4.2.2 降⽔年平均降⽔量 363.7mm年最⼤降⽔量 491.1mm年最⼩降⽔量 196.6mm⼀⽇最⼤降⽔量 157.2mm（注1975年7⽉30⽇曾出现⼀⽇最⼤降⽔量191.5mm）降⽔强度≥⼩⾬平均每年65.2个降⽔⽇降⽔强度≥中⾬平均每年9.7个降⽔⽇降⽔强度≥⼤⾬平均每年3.7个降⽔⽇降⽔强度≥暴⾬平均每年1.0个降⽔⽇本区降⽔有显著的季节变化，⾬量多集中于每年的7、8⽉份，该两个⽉的降⽔量为全年降⽔量的58%，⽽每年的12⽉⾄翌年的3⽉降⽔极少，4个⽉的总降⽔量仅为全年降⽔量的3%左右。

4.2.3 雾能见度＜1km的⼤雾平均每年为16.6个雾⽇，雾多发⽣在每年的秋冬季，每年12⽉份⼤雾⽇约为全年⼤雾⽇的30%左右，最长的延时可达24⼩时以上。

按⼤雾实际出现时间统计，平均每年为8.7天。

4.2.4 相对湿度年平均相对湿度 67%4.2.5 风风是⽓象要素中不稳定的⼀个要素，年与年之间观测统计值有⼀定的差异，为了更真实地反映天津港的风况，我们统计1996～2005年（共计10年）每⽇24次风速、风向观测资料：统计表明港区常风向为S向，次常风向为E向，出现频率分别为9.89%、9.21%。

强风向为E向，次强风向为ENE向，≥7级风出现的频率分别为0.32%、0.11%。

详见风玫瑰图和风频率统计表3-1。

造成本海区的⼤风天⽓过程，主要是冬、春季的寒潮和夏、秋季的台风（⽓旋），根据塘沽⽓象站资料统计，寒潮⼤风较为频繁，台风（⽓旋）⼤风出现频率较少。

天津港推介词天津港的历史最早可以上溯到汉代，自唐代以来形成海港，1860 年对外开埠。

建国后经过三年恢复性建设，天津新港于1952年10月17日重新开港通航。

天津港是世界等级最高的人工深水港，位于海河入海口，处于京津城市带和环渤海经济圈的交汇点上，是首都北京和天津市的海上门户、我国北方重要的对外贸易口岸，是连接东北亚与中西亚的纽带。

天津港现有水陆域面积近260平方公里，陆域面积107平方公里。

目前，天津港主航道长35公里，水深一19.5米，25万吨级船舶可自由进出港，30万吨级船舶可乘潮进出港。

天津港共拥有各类泊位151个，岸线总长3.2万米，其中万吨级以上泊位96个。

天津港经济腹地广阔，包括天津、北京、河北、山西、内蒙古、陕西、甘肃、青海、新疆、宁夏及辽宁、河南、山东、四川的一部分地区，面积近500万平方公里，占全国面积的52%。

天津港对区域经济的辐射力强，目前全港70%左右的货物吞吐量和50%以上的口岸进出口货值来自天津以外的各省区。

天津港对外联系广泛，与日本、韩国、美国、荷兰等国家的12个港口建立了友好港关系，同世界上180多个国家和地区的500多个港口有贸易往来，每月航班400余班，直达世界各地港口。

天津港主要分为北疆、南疆、东疆、临港产业四大港区。

北疆以集装箱和件杂货作业为主，南疆以液体散货和干散货作业为主，海河港区以小型船舶作业为主，正在建设中的东疆港区规划面积30平方公里，其中10平方公里将建成中国规模最大、开放度最高的保税港区。

规划建设中的临港产业区将成为以发展重装备制造为主的天津港的另一个功能区。

天津港是我国沿海港口功能最齐全的港口之一，拥有集装箱码头、铁矿石码头、煤炭码头、石油化工品码头、杂货码头、滚装码头、散粮码头、散化肥码头、国际客运码头等各类专业化码头。

已经建成的天津国际贸易与航运服务中心，是集通关、通验，港口服务，结算，信息服务，咨询服务等多项综合服务项目为一体的目前全国最大的“一站式”航运服务中心和电子口岸。

天津港调查报告天津港调查报告引言：天津港是中国最大的综合性港口之一，也是世界上最繁忙的港口之一。

然而，在2015年8月12日，一场可怕的爆炸事故发生在天津港，造成了巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失。

这次事故引起了全国范围内的关注和讨论。

本报告将对天津港爆炸事故进行调查，并分析其原因和影响。

一、事故概述2015年8月12日晚上，天津港发生了一系列爆炸，造成了173人死亡，数百人受伤。

爆炸引发了大规模的火灾，持续了几天。

事故造成了巨大的财产损失，包括港口设施、仓库和货物。

此外，事故还对周边环境和居民造成了严重影响。

二、事故原因1.安全管理不到位：调查发现，天津港在事故发生前存在安全管理不到位的问题。

港口管理方面对危险品的储存和运输没有严格的规定和监管，导致了事故的发生。

2.违规操作：事故发生的起因是一家公司违规操作危险品的储存和运输。

这家公司没有按照规定的程序进行操作，导致了危险品的泄漏和爆炸。

3.监管不力：调查还发现，相关监管机构在事故发生前没有充分履行监管职责。

他们没有对港口进行全面的安全检查，也没有对违规操作进行严厉的处罚。

三、事故影响1.人员伤亡：事故造成了173人死亡，数百人受伤。

这些人员中既包括港口工作人员，也包括附近居民和消防人员。

他们的家庭和亲人都遭受了巨大的痛苦和损失。

2.财产损失：事故造成了天津港大量的设施、仓库和货物的损毁。

这些财产损失对港口的经济发展和国家的经济稳定产生了负面影响。

3.环境污染：事故导致了大量的有毒物质泄漏，对周边环境造成了严重污染。

这对当地生态环境和居民的健康带来了长期的影响。

四、教训与改进1.加强安全管理：港口管理方面应加强对危险品的储存和运输的安全管理，建立完善的制度和流程，确保安全第一。

2.加强监管：相关监管机构应加强对港口的监管，加大安全检查力度，对违规操作进行严厉处罚，确保港口的安全运营。

3.加强应急响应：事故发生后，应急响应机构应迅速响应，采取有效措施控制火灾和化学物质泄漏，减少人员伤亡和财产损失。

Tianjin Binhai New Area (briefed as TBNA) locates on the east coast of Tianjin and center of Circum-Bohai-Sea Region. It is also the nearest eastern starting point of Asia-Euro Continental Bridge and key access to the sea for the neighboring inland countries. TBNA consists of nine functional zones namely Advanced Manufacturing Zone, Airport-based Industrial Zone,Binhai High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Seaport-based Industrial Zone,Nangang Industrial Zone, Seaport Logistics Zone, Coastal Leisure & Tourism Zone，Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City and Central Business District. In addition, Tianjin Port whose throughput ranks 5th in the world also locates in here.With a planned area of 2270 square kilometers, TBNA has a coastal line of 153 kilometers and a population of 2.02 million. TBNA has a rather favorable ecological environment and abundant natural resources and wetlands of 700 square kilometers. There are still 1200 square kilometers salt and alkali wasteland remained for development and the verified reserves of oil reach over 10 billion tons and those of natural gas reach 193.7 billion cubic meters.Fertile soil for world's capital investmentInvestment ParadiseTBNA has become one of the areas with the most dynamic economy in China, which utilize the most international capital and yield the highest rate of investment returns.In 2007, the total value of export trade in TBNA hit 24.5 billion USD. A total amount of? 23.1 billion USD was utilized accumulatively in real terms and the direct use of foreign contractual capital totaled 7.668 billion USD. The all-dimensional opening pattern has taken shape, of which, the eight functional zones and Sino-Singapore Eco-city have become a vital vehicle for attracting investment and introducing technology at home and abroad. TBNA is also the home to many projects, such as those initiated by Motorola Inc, Samsung Electronics, Toyota Motor Corporation, Vestas company, Sew-Eurodrive(China) Holding Co., Ltd. and China International Marine Containers ( Group) Co., Ltd., the One Million Ton Ethylene Refining-Chemical Integration Project, the Assemble Line of Airbus A320, the Industrialization Base of New generation Launch Vehicle.The congregation of world's capital in TBNA has brought forth the industry cluster effect.The major leading industries, including electronic information, petroleum exploitation and processing, ocean chemical engineering, modern metallurgy, automobile and equipment manufacturing, food processing, biopharmaceutical industry, possess the consolidated industry foundation. These industries have high technology content, long industry chain and strong radiation function. At present, TBNA has become an important large-scale petrochemical industry base and metallurgy base in China. Its IT manufacturing industry takes lead in China and the output of oil casing ranks the list of Top 4 in the world. Over 1000 enterprises in China provide supplementary supplies and services for TBNA. The remarkable driving forces of these enterprises helps TBNA constantly and obviously strengthen its comprehensive strength.Venture ParadiseAll the investors here share the same feeling that TBNA is a paradise for entrepreneurs.The first overseas students' ventured corporation in TEDA, BOYI (Tianjin) Pneumatic Technology Institute Co., Ltd now becomes the leading enterprise in pneumatic technology field in China after ten-year development. Tianjin Motimo Membrane Technology Ltd, the leading corporation in membrane technology field in China, was formerly a school-run enterprise in TBNA, and now it has established the largest hollow fiber membrane production and manufacturing base in Asia. Tianjin QingYuan Electric Vrhicle Co.,Ltd, which had a dozen of employees before, grows up in TBNA, takes lead in exporting their electronic vehicle abroad and also establishes a large-scale electronic vehicle industrialization base... Nowadays it has become a priority for TBNA to proactively develop small and medium-sized enterprises and enhance the regional economic vitality. As one of core areas, TEDA provides the growth plans for small and medium-sized enterprises and professional service to meet their needs in different development stages.Pillar IndustryElectronic Manufacturing IndustryAs one of the most advantageous industries, electronic information industry has become the first pillar industry in Tianjin, propelling the electronic information industry in Tianjin to grow at the annual average rate of 20%. As one of the first national information industrialization bases, Tianjin, with its output volume accounting for 7.5% in China, has become one of the largest bases of mobile communication handsets, components and displays. It is also acknowledged as one of the best development areas in national electronic information industry. The sales income in this regard is expected to top 300 billion RMB in 2010, which will drive and radiate a coordinative and rapid development of electronic information industry in Bohai Rim Region.Motorola Inc, Samsung Group, Hyundai Electronic Co., Ltd, Schneider Electric, Tianjin Merlin Gerin Co., Ltd are all representative enterprises of electronic information manufacturing industry in TBNA.Aviation and Aerospace IndustryRelying on the technology advantages of Beijing, Tianjin, and even the whole China, TBNA spends more effort in introducing the technology and prioritizing aviation and aerospace industry development, with a view to becoming a key recipient base for transferred aviation and aerospace hi-technology industry, a "silicon valley" of aviation technology research and development and a vital global aerospace industry city in the 21st century.The new generation base of carrier rocket research and development, located in west of TEDA, has been put in operation. And the Long March V Carrier Rocket is its independent product with high quality and intellectual property right, which is of significant and far-reaching influence on China's future aviation. Meanwhile, the project of Airbus A320 Assemble Line in the airport industry zone goes on smoothly with the first Airbus A320 to be assembled here in September, 2008. Apart from the project of Airbus A320 Assemble Line, a great number of world known aviation matching enterprises also have their own projects located in TBNA.In addition, the industrialization projects of special aircrafts like unmanned aircraft, spacecraft manufacturing and application industry base all registered in the Binhai hi-tech zone, one of vital function zones in TBNA. The major projects include unmanned aircraft, R&D and manufacturing complex of new spacecraft electromechanical products, R&D and manufacturing complex of special precision spacecraft components, industrial park of satellite application and so on. Automobile and equipment manufacturing industryAs Toyota Motor (Tianjin) Corporation located in TEDA, Tianjin has become a key automobile production base in China, which further enhances the development of equipment industry.The products of Toyota Motor (Tianjin) Corporation, including VIOS, COROLLA, CROWN, REIZ and COROLLA, cover a series of vehicle styles from high-grade to economic cars. There has formed a large automobile industry cluster of core matching enterprises around the Toyota. After the parts enterprises of Toyota automobile increased consistently, the new factories of Korean Kumhotire has opened, then parts enterprises such as Pinghe, Wandu increase their investment. The Germany Continental AG has registered in automobile electronic industry. Meanwhile, these investment projects not only supply many automobile factory and enterprises with equipment, but also enhance the anti-risk ability of automobile industry and strengthen its advantages constantly in TBNA.TBNA has gained the title of "The First State-class Automobile and Parts Export Base". As the first industrialized corporation in the electric vehicle field, Tianjin QingYuan Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. has set up the largest Chinese electric vehicle industrialization base in TBNA and started the trial run.Ocean and petroleum chemical industryThere exists the strong basis for developing ocean and petroleum industry in TBNA. In Dagang district, Dagang Company is an oversize integrated complex of petroleum and gas exploitation and development affiliated to CNPC. The exploitation commenced from 1964 and the output is on increase year by year. The past 40-odd years witnesses its growth from the desolate and uninhabited reed land and marshland to comprehensive petroleum base. Located in Tanggu District, Tianjin Bohai petroleum corporation is a vital base in Bohai Region of China National Offshore Oil Group, and the ocean high technology park in TBNA is the demonstration park of state-class ocean high technology industrialization. Relying on Binhai chemical industry area, TBNA will develop in-depth processing petroleum products, including petroleum, gas, salt chemical industry, synthetic resin products, synthetic rubber, synthetic fiber, new chemical material, fine chemical industry and etc, which will become the state-class petroleum and chemical industrialization base with high-level in the world -- China's "Huston Chemical Area".By 2010, total investment will reach 130 billion RMB in the 100 key planning and constructing projects in Tianjin Binhai chemical area. CNPC and SINOPEC will invest heftily in Tianjin to establish the vital transportation hub of crude oil and oil product in north of China. Bohai Chemical Industry Group will construct some docking projects, utilizing the raw materials supplied by large scale ethylene project of SINOPEC, which will make Tianjin a petroleum and chemical industry production base with refining and petrochemical integration.By 2015, the fixed assets investment will reach 300 billion RMB. The sales income will top 450 billion RMB, and the industrial added value and interests & taxes will amount to 180 billion RMB and 90 billion RMB respectively. Over 50,000 employment positions were created. This function area will fully realize the planning developing goals, such as industrydevelopment, technical level, ecological environment, energy saving, public projects, spatial distribution and economic benefits.Modern Metallurgy Manufacturing IndustrySituated in the lower reaches of Haihe River, the modern metallurgy industrial complex in TBNA, is composed of three large metallurgy enterprises, including Tianjin Pipe (Group) Corporation. The production scale and industry chain of great market potential has taken shape, presenting demands on the third party logistics and iron in-depth processing.In 2007, TBNA decided to set up an ecological industrial park of petroleum pipe and high quality steel deep processing, one of the 8 ecological industrial function zones. The overall integration and systematic optimization of metallurgy industry was conducted in advanced manufacturing base, aiming to build an economic cycling industrial park with the seamless steel tube and high quality steel production chain as the leading sector.In the second half year of 2007, Tianjin Municipality concentrated on promoting the 20 selected major projects with the total investment of 156 billion RMB. These 20 projects are great driving forces, which include steel pipe transformation project, cold-rolled corrosion resistant plate, copper and copper processing project, hot rolled coil, ironing system transformation project and cold rolled sheet project. These projects, with a total investment of 25.8 billion RMB, once completed, will make TBNA become the biggest producer of seamless steel pipes in the world in terms of outputs. Biological Medicine IndustrySituated in TBNA, the International Innovation Park of National Biological Medicine covers a planning area of 6 km2, including research and development zone, incubator zone and production-trade zone. TJAB is the center of the research and development zone as well as the symbol of international innovation garden.The construction of "TJAB" has been in full wing. The first phase project, or the main building of 70,000 m2,will be completed by the end of 2008. The public technology platforms under concurrent construction, such as Clinical Test Platform, Medicine Analysis and Test Center and GLP Medicine Safety Evaluation Centre, will be put into operation at the beginning of 2009. TJAB has proactively conducted worldwide cooperation, evidenced by the Sino-Italian Medical Joint Laboratory cosponsored with Italian National High Hygienic Academy and the Agreement of R&D Centre reached with Sweden Karolinska Molecular Medical Center.Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Biomedical Industry Demonstration Zone with planning area of 10 km2, takes the "International Innovation Park of National Biological Medicine" as the core, aiming at developing the infrastructure and industrial incubator platform for biomedical development to meet the international standard. The pharmaceutical industry in TBNA registers the good economic benefit, with the annual increase of rate of over 30%. A large number of key enterprises gathered here, such as GlaxoSmithKline, Novozymes, Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Limited and Tianjin Pharmaceuticals Group Corporation.Shipbuilding and Ship Repair IndustryIn the late 19 century, Tianjin Dagu dock, the first ship-building enterprise in Northern China, was born in the middle of modern Westernization Movement. After the founding of P.R.C., or the new China, the suspended industry regains its development. In 1970, the first 10,000 tonnage ship named "Tianjin", built by Xingang Shipyard, was successfully launched. The Tianjin Port-made Shop Repair Base of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation under construction covers a planning factory area of 3.5 million m2 with the shoreline length of 3,900 meters. Its most brilliant feature is the integration of large shipbuilding, ship repair industry and marine engineering and mechanical equipment manufacturing industry, which leads to the establishment of a modernized assembly ship repair base that boasts advanced facilities, comprehensive varieties, scientific management, first-class technology, outstanding characteristics, energy conservation and environmental friendliness. In 2010, TBNA will be capable of building ships of 2,000,000 dwt, repairing 200 ships and constructing two offshore platforms. In 2015, it will be capable of building ships of 3,000,000 dwt and constructing four offshore platforms. The new base, once completed, will increase 10-fold ships than current outputs in TBNA.Food and Beverage IndustryFood and beverage industry is an important industry in TBNA. In 10 years' time, Ting Hsin International Group has become "No.1 of noodle industry in the world ", creating the first brand of Chinese tea beverage, and even supporting its matching businesses into the forefront of the industry. The success of Ting Hsin International Group in TBNA is a convincing model for China's opening up. Other food and beverage companies in TBNA are Coca-Cola, Nestle and Kraft and so on..New Materials and New Energy IndustryAs a representative of new energy and new materials, the high-tech industry has become one of the key pillar industries in TBNA.A large number of new energy and new materials companies are rising in TBNA, including Motimo Group, Vestas wind power, New Energy and Industrial Base of Tianjin Binhai high-tech development zones, Ceradyne Inc in Tianjin Tanggu marine high-tech zone and so on.Ai Leite Technology Development Co., Ltd. is a backbone enterprise of national nano-technology industrial base, whose core product is the power UPS, installed in the super-capacitor of electrical motor. An ultra-capacitor with nano-technology manufacturing capacity, whose capacity is 10 times of the ordinary capacitors, can reduce many loses for many companies caused by power flash off every year.The new energy base, covering a total area of 6.6 km2, will focus on four major sections of energy storage batteries, wind power, solar cells and fuel cells, cultivating and introducing a number of leading enterprises. In 2012, it will achieve the output value of 60 billion RMB, which will triple that of 2007.At present, TBNA in the new battery and materials technology, membrane technology development and industrialization of technology has reached the international advanced level, and the application of nanotechnology research and development, the complete sets of technologies and key technology of environmental protection have achieved the leading level in China.Tianjin is one of the 11 cities with the names of "China's service outsourcing base". TBNA is working to build service outsourcing bases in China, establishing China's first "service outsourcing training center", and building outsourcing services platform for personnel training in cooperation with Microsoft, HP, IBM and Boyan technology institutions.More than 100 enterprises engaging in software development and services have registered in TEDA, and a total of 43 software enterprises are identified by the municipal Science and Technology Commission.Here gathered a group of well-known domestic and overseas operators, including CSC (Esprit computer technology), ACS (Affiliated Computer Services Ltd), IBM, Freescale, Standard Chartered, Motorola global financial centers, Wuxi Pharma Tech, Neusoft, DHC, Boyan technology institutions, Xi'an Xingyan, etc. To support the development of service outsourcing enterprises, TEDA has also established "TEDA Service Industry Development Fund" of 100 million RMB.Binhai services outsourcing industrial park, covering an area of 890,000 m2, is set up with joint investment, joint operation and management by the Dalian Software Park Co., Ltd. and TEDA, all committed to build Tianjin Binhai Software Park into the world office in Bohai Rim Region. The first plan will put into use at the end of 2008.In the next five years, following the "specialized, large-scale, international" principle, Tianjin Binhai Service Outsourcing Industry Park will build an industrial zone of 1,000,000m2 for software-building, technical research and development, information services, education and training. In addition,? matching facilities of 500,000m2, including the apartments, schools and hotels, will also be constructed.Employees in the park are expected to reach 60,000 people and output value is expected to reach 15-20 billion RMB. Through the introduction of a number of major domestic and international outsourcing companies, it will become an international-class service outsourcing bases.China's Original Technology ransformation BaseTBNA has constructed and introduced a number of major national and provincial-level technology projects, the expenditure of the research and development expenditures of which accounts for 2.2% of the Gross Domestic Product, and the high-tech output value in the proportion of GDP accounted for 47%. The high-tech industry clusters formed in the initial stage including electronic information, biological medicine, light electrical and mechanical, new materials, enjoy world-class leading research and development capabilities in biological chips, membrane technology, electric vehicles, stem cells, nanotechnology and other fields.Nowadays in TBNA, there are 14 science and technology business incubators at national, provincial or ministerial levels, which incubate a total of 434 various scientific and technological enterprises; there are 31engineering centers at national or provincial levels and 70 corporation technology development centers. TBNA will become an important base for independent innovation, incubation and radiation of scientific and technological achievements, the industrialization of high technology and innovative personnel training.。

天津港TIANJIN XINGANG （Hsingkang）, including Tanggu andTiangin: 39_ 06’ N 117_ 10’ EAlso see ‘‘General’’ before first port and ‘‘Taku Bar’’.APPROACHES: Tianjin: The channel to Tianjin is dredged to allowvessels with max. draft 4.0 m. to be handled. The distance from DagukouMaodi （anchorage）to the city is 54 miles.Tianjin New Port: The new port is situated in position Lat. 38_ 59’ N., Long.117_ 45’ E. in Bohai Bay at the mouth of the Haihe River. The main channelhas a depth of 12.0 m. at HW and is 150 m. wide.PILOTAGE: Compulsory. Pilotage undertaken day and night. ANCHORAGES: Da Gu Kou anchorage has a depth of 10 – 13 m. and can accept vessels up to 50,000 g.r.t. The anchorage is unprotected and providesno shelter from wind, sea or swell. With a N W’ly or westerly wind the sea is slight but when the wind is strong the tide is greatly reduced. Ships shouldtake great care in selecting a suitable anchorage position. RESTRICTIONS: Vessels may enter and sail throughout 24 hours.MAX. SIZE: Draft limitation in channel is 11.0 m.The general draft restrictions are as follows:Vessels loaded with bulk grain （winter）10.1 m.Vessels loaded with bulk grain （summer）10.4 m.Vessels loaded with steel products andgeneral cargo for import 8.5 m.export 8.2 m.Tidal Range: Maximum 3.5 m., minimum 2.0 m.VHF: Penavico on Channel 11 throughout 24 hours. Sinoagent on Channel74 throughout 24 hours.TUGS: 5_980 h.p., 6_1,670 h.p., 1_1,900 h.p., 1_1,960 h.p.,3_2,600 h.p. and 2_3,200 h.p.BERTHING: Tianjin: The Tianjin area for smaller ships and barges further upstream is situated along the right bank of the river within the urban districtof Tianjin.Tianjin New Port: The new port lies on the north side of the river and isa man-made harbour. Between two breakwaters, constructed on the southand north sides of the work area is the entrance to this harbour with a widthof 1,300 m. 5,000 ton vessels can pass through the 13 mile long, two-way channel of the port at high water. The channel is being dredged to 16 m.（now 13 m.）and will enable 10,000 ton general cargo vessels to pass through. Area BerthWaterDepth LOA CapacityCargoHandledNo. （m.）（m.）（tons）No. 11-4567.58.510.5175_ 41792017,0007,00010,000GeneralGeneralGeneralNo. 27-89-1112-1314-159.09.011.59.0182_ 2177_ 3246_ 2189_ 210,00010,00035,00010,000GeneralGeneralBulk GrainNo. 3（River Portin Tianjin）5-678910-114.56.55.54.5115_ 2200148131177_ 23,0006,0006,0005,0005,000GeneralGeneralGeneralGeneralPassengersNo. 416-171819-209.010.010.0182_ 2182184_ 210,00010,00010,000GeneralGeneralSteelFuel Berth 11.0 186 10,000 Fuel 22-23 10.0 177_ 2 10,000 General No. 5 2425-262110.010.011.0176229_ 210,000 10,000 25,000 General General Containers Container Terminal 27-282912.012.030029530,000 30,000 Containers Containers Passenger Terminal River Port Sea Port 4.58.12503113,0007,000 Passengers Passengers South of East Pier 30-333412.08.098015620,000 20,000 Container Container North ofEast Pier 35-39 12.0 1,122 20,000 CoalSouth HarbourAreaNo. 2Oil Berth13.5 20,000 OilNo. 3Oil Berth13.5 15,000 OilRight No. 4Oil Berth13.5 50,000 OilTanggu: Also see Area No. 3 above.There is a lock at the western end of the New Port, connecting it with the Tanggu area on the left bank of the river. The river from the lock is narrow and winding and its water level varies greatly with the seasons. The lock is 180 m. long_21 m. wide and 5,000 ton vessels in a laden condition can pass at high water.Tanggu has 7 berths – five for general cargo and two for passenger vessels. Berths No. 5 and No. 6 have a total length of 230 m. for 1_3,000 ton and1_5,000 ton vessel. Berths No. 10 and No. 11 have a combined length of 355 m. for 5,000 ton vessels. Connection with railway system.Also see ‘‘Bulk Cargo Facilities’’.CRANES: 4_40.5 tonne cranes at container terminal.1_200 tonne and 1_120 tonne floating cranes.BULK CARGO FACILITIES:Grain:Agent’s Report: June 1997.Terminal: No. 2 Stevedores Co. No. 13 Terminal.Distance from sea buoys: 16 milesLength of dock/Length with dolphins: 251 m.Draft restriction alongside: 11.5 m.Dock height at MLW: 5.2 m.Spout air draft at MLW: 15.5 m.Maximum outreach of spouts: 33.7 m.Number of spouts: 1Distance between spouts: MovableCommodities handled: Bulk grainYear built/last modified: 1978Designed loading rate/t.p.h.: 750Potable fresh water available: YesDock access by vehicle permitted: PermittedIs bunkering permitted alongside?: PermittedOwner/Operator of elevator: No. 2 Stevedores Co.MEDICAL: Facilities available.FRESH WATER: Contact China Marine Bunker Supply Co, Tianjin Branch. FUEL: Contact China Marine Bunker Supply Co, Tianjin Branch.REPAIRS: There are ship repair facilities at and around Xingang Port. AIRPORT: Tianjin Airport. Flights to Shanghai and other major cities inChina, Hong Kong and South Korea.GENERAL:Storage:Warehouse: 188,832 sq.m.Open Storage: 840,596 sq.m.Imports: Grain, steel and machinery, etc.Exports: General cargo, coal and maize, etc.Provisions: Contact Tianjin Ocean Shipping Supply Co.SHIPMASTER’S REPORT: June 1990.Xiang Jiang is the primary port for ocean-going shipping delivering cargofor Tientsin and Beijing and is under ongoing development. About 28 berthsare in use, and the number will increase. A number of portainer cranes are available on the container berths and there are heavy lift cranes on some ofthe general cargo berths, also 10 ton cranes. Berths No. 1-5 have no cranes. General draft is 9.0 m., but channel has 11.0 m. at low water. Dredging duesare levied on excess draft over 9.0 m. One berth for grain, with two ‘‘siporters’’and grab cranes, but it is necessary to turn round to complete discharge.Coal and minerals are exported.SHIPMASTER’S REPORT: July 1990 （Updated 1998）.Tianjin: Tianjin is the city situated about 54 miles to west of the port of‘‘Tianjin Xingang’’. Tianjin was previously called ‘‘Tientsin’’ and with the policy of changing all names into a national language, i.e. Mandarin, all the portnames were changed （Peking became Beijing）. Vessels cannot navigate to Tianjin, except small barges.For guidance: New name Tianjin Xingang, old name Hsingkang. Newname: Tianjin （City）, old name Tientsin.Name of Port: Tianjin Xingang or commonly called ‘‘Xingang’’（old English name Hsingkang）.Position: Latitude 38_ 59’ N., Longitude 117_ 45’ E.Information: One of the busiest ports in the People’s Republic of China and believed to be second only to Shanghai with regard to cargo handled. Beingthe closest port to Beijing and to the economic zone of Tianjin, the port has become the most important port for North China.Navigation: Reference BA Chart No. 2653 – Tianjin Xingang approaches. Vessels bound for Xingang should advise Harbour Master ‘‘Dalian’’, 8 hoursprior to passing Laotieshen Shuidao via Dalian Radio （XSZ）, the following information:1. Name2. Nationality3. Port of departure and destination4. Call sign5. Speed6. Colour of hull and funnel7. ETA at line joining 38_ 43.5’ N., 121_ 08.0’ E. and 38_ 23.8’ N.,120_ 54.6’E. （please also see Admiralty List of Radio SignalsV ol. 2,part 6）.When approaching the port, it is advisable to be a minimum of 8 – 10 milessouth of the ‘‘Caofeidian’’Lighthouse （38_ 56.1’N, 118_ 30.4’E）（fitted with a Racon ‘‘C’’）, to avoid numerous fishing boats and nets.Pilotage: Pilot boards at anchorage or 2 miles east of the Dagu Light. Pilotageprovided for Xingang and Tanggu.Vessels should send their ETAs to ‘‘Penavico Xingang’’ as required withall relevant information.As a general rule the pilots do not instruct vessels when approaching, andvessels should call ‘‘Penavico’’on Channel 11 （VHF）for information and instructions.Penavico requires following information after anchoring:1. Time of anchoring2. Position – bearing and distance from Dagu Lighthouse3. Fuel, diesel and water remaining on board and arrival drafts.Vessels should keep listening watch on Channel 11 throughout the stay atanchorage.Berthing information announced daily by Penavico at 1400 hrs. local time.At times agents do not give sufficient notice for vessels berthing andvessel’s main engine should be kept prepared.Vessels under ‘‘Sino Chart’’ should advise their ETAs as required.Port Facilities: Large passenger terminal available west of Berth No. 1, draftup to 8.0 m. Regular local passenger service to Dalian. Many foreignpassenger vessels call at this port.Berths No. 1-5: Used for general cargo up to 7.0 m.6: Used for general cargo up to 8.5 m.7: Used for general cargo up to 9.0 m.8: Used for discharging bulk sugar up to 9.0 m.9: Used for loading bulk coke, drafts allowed 9.0 m.Loading by shore cranes with grabs.12-13: For bulk grain discharging. Main berth is No. 13,discharged by evacuators. Draft allowed up to 11.0 m.,but may allow deeper drafts depending on tide.Prior to completion vessels are shifted to Berth No. 12.Large vessels up to 60,000 d.w.t. can berth. Averagedischarging time for 40,000 tonnes of grain at this berthis about 5 days.Due to only one proper grain berth, and due to largeamounts of grain imported via Xingang, grain vesselsmay be delayed for a short period when 2 or 3 grainvessels are at the anchorage.14, 15, 16: Used for general cargo up to 9.0 m. or more.17, 18: Used for discharging bulk fertiliser. Draft allowed up to10.5 m. Discharging done by shore cranes and cargobagged automatically at the pier.19, 20: For loading coal in bulk. Draft up to 10.5 – 11.0 m.21: Containers – regular container service to Hong Kong andother ports worldwide.All depths are given only as guide and believe depths allowed at some berths are more than indicated.Port charges extra for vessels berthing with deeper drafts and for quick discharging, when discharging with a falling tide.Masters are warned regarding signing invoices for quick discharging and deeper drafts, as charges may be exorbitant.Port Developments: Extensive dredging and land reclamation taking placeat present, including extending the present breakwater.Fresh Water: Fresh water supplied by barge, even alongside, as not many hydrants available at the berths.Water can be supplied at the anchorage at approximately US$ 4.50/tonne,but 3 – 4 days notice required to agents. Due to uncertain berthing prospects, vessels should arrive with maximum water on board.Repairs: Xingang Shipyard can provide all services required. If required, shipyard can board at the anchorage, but prior permission should be obtained by agents from Immigration.Large dry dock available, vessel of length 200 m. and beam 26 m. can enter.Shipyard has new building yard, where vessels of 30,000 d.w.t. are built. Draft at shipyard berths up to 6.0 m.Shipyar d can be contacted on VHF. Vessel must first call ‘‘Tianjin Radio’’on Channel 16, who will allocate a channel for communication.Medical: Special medical facilities available for foreigners at Tanggu Hospital and arranged by agents, about 20 minutes by taxi. Medical facilities also available in the port.Airport: Situated at the city of Tianjin, about 40 miles to the west of the port of Xingang, about one hour by car.Daily flights to and from Hong Kong, and to many other Chinese cities. Cranes: Many heavy lift floating cranes available.Mail Service: Speedpost parcel service available to Hong Kong. Parcels arrive within four days from Hong Kong. I believe courier service is also available.Provisions: Available all year round.Bonded stores available at moderate prices.Port of Tanggu: All regulations and arrival information to be sent to‘‘Penavico Xingang’’ for vessels bound for Tanggu.Lock gates situated south of the Xingang shipyard area.Mainly used by coastal vessels of 3,000 d.w.t. tonnes, 5 berths areavailable for general cargo and small tankers.AUTHORITY: Port of Tianjin Authority, 29 Zhejiang Road, TangguDistrict, Tianjin, 300450 China. Tel: _86 （22）2589 6882. FAX: _86 （22）2589 6662. Email: youxin@ Web: Contact: Sun Zhiqiang, Operations Manager。

天津港集装箱码头天津港集装箱码头作为中国最大的集装箱码头之一，一直以来扮演着重要的国际贸易和物流枢纽的角色。

它位于中国天津市东北部，地理位置十分优越，是中国北方地区的对外贸易必经之地。

本文将对天津港集装箱码头的概况、发展历程、经济贡献等方面进行探讨。

天津港集装箱码头是中国国家一类对外开放港口，是中国最早开展集装箱运输的港口之一，也是世界上最早进行集装箱储运业务的港口之一、目前，天津港集装箱码头已经发展成为具备国际先进水平、集装箱吞吐能力较强的大型化集装箱码头。

天津港集装箱码头的发展历程可以追溯到上世纪80年代末。

当时，中国政府决定将天津市和蓟县的港区整合为天津港，以推动国家北方地区对外贸易的发展。

随着开放的深入推进，天津港逐渐形成了集装箱码头作为核心的港口体系。

在过去的几十年里，天津港集装箱码头经历了快速发展的阶段。

根据统计数据，天津港集装箱吞吐量稳居中国第四位，国际排名在世界前十位之内。

2024年，天津港集装箱吞吐量达到了1200万标准箱，同时也接待了大量国际货轮和航线，连接了世界主要港口，形成了丰富多样的贸易网络。

然而，天津港集装箱码头也面临了一些挑战和问题。

首先，天津港目前的集装箱吞吐能力仍然有限，需进一步提升其处理能力以应对不断增长的需求。

其次，港区内设施和设备的老化也是一个亟待解决的问题。

在未来发展过程中，天津港需要加大对基础设施升级和技术创新的投入，提高码头的吞吐效率和服务质量。

总体来说，天津港集装箱码头作为中国重要的国际贸易和物流枢纽之一，发挥着重要的作用。

随着中国经济的不断发展和对外开放的力度加大，天津港集装箱码头的发展前景将更加广阔，并将继续为中国的对外贸易和经济发展做出积极贡献。