时代英语材料汇总

人工智能时代的英语英语作文## The Age of Artificial Intelligence.The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the world as we know it. From self-driving cars to facial recognition software, AI is already having a profound impact on numerous industries and aspects of our lives. As AI continues to evolve, it is essential to consider the opportunities and challenges it presents for the future of human society.One of the most significant potential benefits of AI is its ability to automate tasks, freeing up human workers to focus on more creative and strategic endeavors. AI-powered systems can perform repetitive and time-consuming tasks with greater speed and accuracy than humans, allowing businesses to streamline their operations and increase productivity. This automation has the potential to transform industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, and customer service.AI also has the potential to revolutionize the way we interact with the world around us. Natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision technologies are enabling machines to understand and communicate with humans in ways that were previously impossible. This will lead to new and innovative applications, such as virtual assistants, personalized recommendations, and immersive gaming experiences.Additionally, AI has the potential to enhancescientific research and discovery. Machine learning algorithms can sift through vast amounts of data andidentify patterns that are invisible to the human eye. This can accelerate the pace of scientific progress and lead to breakthroughs in fields such as medicine, materials science, and astrophysics.However, it is important to acknowledge the challenges and ethical concerns that AI presents. One of the biggest concerns is the potential for job displacement as AI-powered systems automate tasks traditionally performed byhumans. This raises questions about the future of work and the need for retraining programs to ensure that workers remain employable in the age of AI.Another concern is the potential for bias in AI algorithms. AI systems are only as good as the data they are trained on, and if this data contains biases, the system will inherit and perpetuate these biases. This could lead to unfair or discriminatory outcomes, particularly in areas such as criminal justice and financial services.Additionally, there are concerns about the potentialfor AI to be used for malicious purposes, such as surveillance, warfare, or cybercrime. It is essential to develop ethical guidelines and regulations to ensure that AI is used for the benefit of humanity and not to its detriment.Overall, the age of AI presents both immense opportunities and significant challenges for human society. By embracing the benefits and addressing the challenges responsibly, we can harness the power of AI to create abrighter and more prosperous future for all.中文回答：人工智能时代。

世界时事英语材料大全及解析以下是一些关于世界时事的英语材料及其解析，涵盖了政治、经济、科技、环境和社会等多个领域：政治领域材料：The United States and China have reached a historic agreement to reduce tariffs on each other's goods, marking a significant step forward in their trade relations.解析：美国和中国达成了一项历史性协议，减少彼此商品的关税，这是两国贸易关系中的一个重大进步。

经济领域材料：The European Central Bank has announced plans to cut interest rates in order to stimulate economic growth within the eurozone.解析：欧洲央行宣布计划降低利率，以刺激欧元区内的经济增长。

科技领域材料：NASA has successfully launched its latest Mars mission, aiming to explore the possibility of life on the red planet.解析：美国国家航空航天局（NASA）成功发射了其最新的火星任务，旨在探索红色星球上生命存在的可能性。

环境领域材料：Global warming is causing record-breaking temperatures and extreme weather events around the world, leading to concerns about the future of our planet.解析：全球变暖导致世界各地出现破纪录的高温和极端天气事件，引发了对我们星球未来的担忧。

新时代各行各业蓬勃发展英语作文英文回答：In the burgeoning era we reside in, a multitude of industries across the globe are experiencing unprecedented growth, propelled by a confluence of factors including advancements in technology, globalization, and shifting consumer demands. This flourishing landscape presents both opportunities and challenges for businesses and professionals alike, as they navigate the rapidly evolving economic landscape.Technological Advancements:Technological advancements have had a profound impact on virtually every sector of the economy. The advent of automation, artificial intelligence (AI), and cloud computing has led to increased efficiency, improved productivity, and the creation of new jobs in fields such as robotics, data analytics, and cybersecurity.Globalization:Globalization has interconnected markets worldwide, creating a more competitive environment for businesses. Companies now have access to global supply chains, allowing them to source materials and manufacture products at lower costs. However, globalization has also raised concernsabout labor practices, environmental standards, and the erosion of local industries in some regions.Changing Consumer Demands:Consumers today are more informed and demanding than ever before. They expect personalized products, convenient experiences, and brands that align with their values. Businesses must adapt to these changing demands byinvesting in customer relationship management (CRM) systems, offering personalized experiences, and embracing social responsibility.Key Growth Industries:Specific industries that are experiencing significant growth in the new era include:Healthcare: Advancements in medical technology and an aging population are driving demand for healthcare services.Education: The global education market is expanding rapidly, fueled by rising incomes and the increasing importance of lifelong learning.Renewable Energy: The transition to a greener futureis creating opportunities in solar, wind, and hydropower sectors.E-commerce: The rise of online shopping istransforming retail and logistics industries.Artificial Intelligence: AI is becoming integral to a wide range of industries, from manufacturing to finance.Opportunities for Businesses and Professionals:The flourishing economy presents numerous opportunities for businesses and professionals:Innovation: Companies that invest in research and development can gain a competitive edge by creating innovative products and services.Expansion: Businesses can expand into new markets, both domestically and internationally.Skilled Workforce: The growing demand for skilled workers provides opportunities for professionals to develop their skills and advance their careers.Challenges and Adaptations:Despite the opportunities, businesses and professionals also face challenges:Competition: Increased competition from both domestic and international players requires businesses todifferentiate themselves and adopt agile strategies.Disruption: Rapid technological advancements can disrupt existing business models and require companies to adapt quickly.Labor Market Dynamics: The changing nature of work, combined with demographic shifts, is creating a tight labor market and challenges in attracting and retaining top talent.Conclusion:In the new era, industries are flourishing due to technological advancements, globalization, and changing consumer demands. This dynamic landscape presents both opportunities and challenges for businesses and professionals. Adapting to the evolving economy requires innovation, expansion, skill development, and a willingness to embrace change.中文回答：在新时代，各行各业蓬勃发展，这得益于技术进步、全球化和不断变化的消费者需求等因素的共同作用。

第1篇第一章：引言在当今这个信息爆炸的时代，英语已经成为全球通用的语言。

无论是学术研究、商务交流还是日常沟通，英语都扮演着至关重要的角色。

为了帮助读者提高英语水平，时代出版社推出了一系列英语学习书籍和笔记。

以下是部分摘抄内容，供读者参考和学习。

第二章：词汇积累1. 基础词汇- Innovative：创新的，革新的。

例句：The innovative technology has revolutionized the way we live.- Diverse：多样的，多元化的。

例句：Our class has a diverse range of students from different cultural backgrounds.- Vulnerable：脆弱的，易受伤害的。

例句：Young children are vulnerable to infectious diseases.- Efficient：高效的，效率高的。

例句：The new system is more efficient than the old one.- Sustainable：可持续的，可持续发展的。

例句：We need to adoptsustainable practices to protect the environment.2. 高级词汇- Prolific：多产的，富有创造力的。

例句：She is a prolific writer with several novels to her name.- Ingenious：巧妙的，机灵的。

例句：The engineer came up with aningenious solution to the problem.- Ephemeral：短暂的，转瞬即逝的。

例句：The beauty of a sunset is ephemeral but memorable.- Disparate：不同的，相异的。

English for historyLesson 11. historian [ his'tɔ:riən ] n. 历史学家2.Ancient history 古代史3. mediaeval times 中古史4. The middle Ages 中世纪5. Modern history 现代史6.Contemporary history 当代史7. Primitive society n. 原始社会8. Slavery society n. 奴隶社会9. Feudalism [‘fju: dəlizəm] n. 封建制度10. Capitalism [‘kæpitəlizəm] n. 资本主义11. Socialism [‘səuʃəlizəm] n. 社会主义12. Communism [‘kɔmjunizəm] n. 共产主义13. Crusade [kru:’seid] n.十字军东侵14. Prehistoric [‘pri: his’tɔrik] a. 史前的15.Hand ax 手斧16.Austrlopithecines 南方古猿17.Homo habilis 能人；Homo erectus 直立人；Homo sapiens [ 'sæpiənz ] 现代人18. the stone Age 石器时代19．the old stone Ages 旧石器时代20．Paleolithic [ pæliəu'liθik ] a.旧石器时代的21. glacier [‘glæsjə, 'gleiʃə ] n. 冰河，冰川22.ice age 冰河时代23.Neanderthal [ ni'ændətɑ:l ] n.. 尼安德特人24. anthropologist [ ænθrə'pɔlədʒist ] n. 人类学家25. skull [ skʌl ] n. 头盖骨26. Cro-Magnon [krəu'mænjɔ: n] n. a. 克罗马尼翁人（的）27.the Middle stone Age 中石器时代28．Mesolithic [mesə'liθik] a. 中石器时代的29．microlith [‘maikrəʊliθ] n.（中石器时代的）细石器30.pottery [ 'pɔtəri ] n.陶器31.the new stone Age 新石器时代32. Neolithic [ni: əʊ’liθik] a. 新石器时代的33.the code of Hammurabi 《汉谟拉比法典》34.the Bronze Age 青铜时代35.geologist [ dʒi'ɔlədʒist ] n.地质学家36.bow and arrow 弓和箭37.harness animal 挽畜38.specialization [ speʃəlai'zeiʃən ] n.专业化；特别化；特殊化Lesson 21.the Indus Valley 印度河流域2.Pakistan [ pɑ:kis'tɑ:n ] n.巴基斯坦merce ['kɔmə(:)s ] n.商业4.utensil [ ju(:)'tensl ] n. 器皿5.copper [ 'kɔpə ] n.铜6.harappa 哈拉帕7.Mohenjo—Daro 摩恒佐－达罗8.Dravidians [ drə'vidiən ] n.德拉威人9.pharaoh [ 'fɛərəu ] n.法老10.civil [ 'sivl ] a. 非宗教的，民事的11.theocracy [ θi'ɔkrəsi ] n.神权政治，神权政治国家12.priest [pri:st ] n.教士，神父，祭司，和尚13.Nile [ nail ] n. 尼罗河14.Mediterranean [ ,meditə'reinjən ] n.地中海15.polytheism [ 'pɔliθi:,izəm ] n.多神论；多神教16.monotheism [ 'mɔnəuθi:izəm ] n.一神教；一神论17.Hebrew [ 'hi:bru: ] n.，a.希伯来人（的），犹太人（的）18.hieroglyphic [ 'haiərəglif ] n.，a. 象形文字(的)19.alphabet [ 'ælfəbet ] n.字母系统，字母表20.papyrus [ pə'paiərəs ] n. 纸莎草21.Sphinx [ sfiŋks ] n.斯芬克斯，狮身人面像22.Phoenicians [ fi'niʃiən ] n.腓尼基人23.Judaism [ 'dʒu:deiizəm ] n.犹太教，犹太教徒，犹太主义24.Tigris and Euphrates 底格里斯河和幼发拉底河25.Upper and Lower Egypt 上下埃26.Pyramids [‘pirəmid]. n.金字塔27.columnar architecture 圆柱建筑28.cuneiform [ 'kju:niifɔ:m ] n., a. 楔形文字（的）29.Mesopotamia [ ,mesəupə'teimjə,-miə ] n.两河流域30.Sumerian [ su:'miəriən, -'mer- ] n.苏美尔人31.administration and communication 行政管理32.Hittite [ 'hitait ] n.赫梯人33.The Assyrian Empire 亚述帝国34.Nebuchadnezzar [ ,nebəkəd'nezə ] n. 尼布甲尼撒二世35.The Chaldean Empire 迦勒底帝国36.The Hanging Garden 空中花园37.astronomy [ ə'strɔnəmi ] n.天文学38.The Persian Empire 波斯帝国39.Zoroastrian religion (Zoroastrianism) n.索罗亚斯德教（祆教，拜火教，明教）Lesson 31．The Old Testament 《旧约全书》2．Testament ,The word ,word of God, God’s word, Bible, Holy bible ,The Book 圣经3．Pentateuch [ 'pentətju:k ] / Five Books of Moses / Torah [ 'tɔ:rə ] 摩西五经/律法书4. prophets [ 'prɔfit ] n. 先知书5．Hagiographa [ ,hægi'ɔgrəfi ] 《圣徒书》6．Genesis [ 'dʒenisis ] 《创世纪》；Exodus [ 'eksədəs ] 《出埃及记》；Leviticus [ li'vitikəs ] 《利未记》；Numbers [ 'nʌmbə ] 《民数记》；Deuteronomy[ ,dju:tə'rɔnəmi ] 《申命记》7.Covenant [ 'kʌvinənt ] 盟约8．Proverbs [ 'prɔvə(:)b ] 谚语，格言9．The New Testament 新约10．Apostles [ ə'pɔsəl ] 使徒：马太（Matthew），约翰（John），雅各（James），彼得（Peter），犹大（Judas）保罗（Paul）等11．Disciples [ di'saipl ] 信徒12．Acts / The acts of Apostles 《使徒行传》13．Gosple [ 'gɔspəl ] n.《福音书》；Revelation[ ,revi'leiʃən ] n.《启示录》；Epistle[ i'pisl ] n.《使徒书》14．Pagan [ 'peigən ] n.,a. 异教徒（的），异教（的）15.Jarusalem [ dʒe'ru:sələm] n.耶路撒冷16．Asia Minor 小亚细亚17．Christianity [,kristi'æn iti ] n.基督教18．Christian [ 'kristjən ] a.基督教的；n.基督教徒19．The Synoptic Gosples 对观福音书/马太福音Lesson 41.polis [ 'pəulis, 'pɔlis ] n.波里斯，城邦（古希腊城市国家）2.Macedonian [ ,mæsi'dəunjən ] n.马其顿人，马其顿语3.Hellenic [ he'li:nik ] a. 希腊（人）的4.Hellene [ 'heli:n ] n. 希腊人5.Athens [ 'æθənz ] n. 雅典6.Corinth [ 'kɔrinθ ] n. 科林斯7.inscription [ in'skripʃən ] n. 铭文，碑文8.bourgeois [ buə'ʒwɑ: ] a.资产阶级的9.Hellenization 希腊化10.Stoics [ 'stəuiks ]/ stoicism n. 斯多葛学派( 禁欲主义)11.Epicureans [ ,epikjuə'ri(:)ən ] n. 伊比鸠鲁学派(享乐主义)12. Epicureanism 伊比鸠鲁学说13.Ancient Greece 古代希腊14.Aegean [i:'dʒi:ən ] n.，a. 爱琴海(的)15.Crete [ kri:t ] n.克里特岛16.Mycenae [ mai'si:ni: ] n.迈锡尼17.Troy [trɔi ] n. 特洛伊18.Attica [ 'ætikə ] n. 阿提卡19.Ionia [ ai'əuniə ] n.爱奥尼亚20.democratic [ ,demə'krætik ] a.民主的21.the battle of Marathon 马拉松战役22.Peloponnese [ ,peləpə'ni:s, -'ni:z ] n. 伯罗奔尼撒半岛23.the Peloponnesian War 伯罗奔尼撒战争24.archon 执政官25.tyrant [ 'taiərənt ] . 僭主26.Sparta [ 'spɑ:tə ] 斯巴达27.Dorians [ 'dɔriən ] 多里安人28.Mycenaeans [ maisi'ni:ən ] 迈锡尼人29.Spartans [ 'spɑ:tən ] 斯巴达人30.Athenians [ ə'θi:njən ] . 雅典人31.the Peloponnesian League 伯罗奔尼撒同盟32.the Delian League 提洛同盟33.the Hellenic League 希腊同盟34.Homer [ 'həumə ] 荷马35.Solon [ 'səulɔn ] 梭伦36.Pericles 伯里克利37.Alexander the Great [ ,ælig'zɑ:ndə ] 亚历山大大帝38.Socratea [ 'sɔkrəti:z ] 苏格拉底39.Plato [ 'pleitəu ] 伯拉图40.Aristotle [ 'æristɔtl ] 亚里士多德41.Archimedes [ ,ɑ:ki'mi:di:z ]阿基米德42.Herodotus [ hi'rɔdətəs ] 希罗多德43.Thucydides 修昔底德44.The Repubic 《理想国》45.History of the Persian Wars 《希波战争史》46.History of the Peloponnesian Wars 《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》47.Iliad [ 'iliəd ] 《伊利亚特》48.Odyssey [ 'ɔdisi ] 《奥德赛》Lesson 51.Etruscans [ i'trʌskən ] 伊特拉斯坎人2.Apennines 亚平宁山脉3.Roman Empire 罗马帝国（指公元前27年到公元476年的罗马奴隶制国家）4.Byzantine Empire 拜占庭帝国，即东罗马帝国（公元395年直至1453年）5.patrician [ pə'triʃən ] 贵族6.plebeian [ pli'bi(:)ən ] . 平民7.peninsula [ pi'ninsjulə ] . 半岛8.Carthage [ 'kɑ:θidʒ ] . 迦太基9.Punic [ 'pju:nik ] 布匿人10.Campaign [kæm’pein].战役；活动11.Hannibal [ 'hænibəl ] . 汉尼拔(前247-前183, 迦太基统帅)12.The First Triumvirate [ trai'ʌmvirit ] . .前三头政治[凯撒（Caesar）,庞培 (Pompey) 以及克拉苏 (Crassus)]13.The Second Triumvirate 后三头政治 [Octavian（屋大维），Antony(安东尼)以及Lepidus(雷比达)]14.Actium [ 'æktjəm] 阿克兴15.Gracchus 格拉古16.Sulla [ 'sʌlə ] 苏拉17.Caesar [ 'si:zə ] 凯撒18.Pompey [ 'pɔmpi ] 庞培19.Crassus [ 'kræsəs ] 克拉苏20.Octavian [ ɔk'teiviən ] . 屋大维21.Antony 安东尼22.Lepidus 雷比达23.Tacitus 塔西佗24.Diocletian 戴克里先25.Constantine [ 'kɔnstəntain ] 君士坦丁26.Cicero [ 'sisərəu ] . 西塞罗27.plebiscite [ 'plebisit, -sait ] 平民表决28.Tribunes [ 'tribju:n ] 保民官29.Senate [ 'senit ] . 元老院30.consul [ 'kɔnsəl ] . 执政官31.imperator [ impə'rɑ:tɔ: ] 大元帅32.Augustus [ ɔ:'gʌstəs ] 奥古斯都33.Censor [ 'sensə ] 监察官34.Pax Romana 罗马帝国统治下的和平，强加于被征服民族的和平35.vandalism [ 'vændəliz(ə)m ] . . 汪尔达主义（故意破坏艺术行为）36.Punic Wars 布匿战争37.Hortensian Law 《霍腾西阿法案》ws of the Twelve Tables 《十二铜表法》39.despotism [ 'despətizəm ] n. 专制主义40.monarch [ 'mɔnək ] 君主，元首41.Gro—Roman Culture 希腊---罗马文化Lesson 61.politician [ pɔli'tiʃən ] n. 政客，政治家2.orator [ 'ɔrətə ] n.演说家；雄辩家3.Cataline Polt 喀提林阴谋4.open---handed /generous[ 'dʒenərəs ] 慷慨的；出手大方的5.flatter [ 'flætə ] v.奉迎6.vice [ vais ] n.邪恶；罪恶7.court [ kɔ:t ] 吸引8.arrogance [ 'ærəgəns ] n.傲慢，自大；9.arrogant [ 'ærəgənt ] .a.傲慢的10.Forum [ 'fɔ:rəm ] n.论坛11.exile [ 'eksail] n.,a.放逐；流放12.bribery [ 'braibəri ] n.受贿行贿13.reputation [ ,repju(:)'teiʃən ] n.名誉；名声14.ill---will 恶意15.The Baptism[ 'bæptizəm ] of Clovis 克洛维受洗16.The Do—Noting King 懒王17.Roman Culture 罗马文化18.German Barbarians[ 'dʒə:mən ] [ bɑ:'bɛəriən ] 日耳曼蛮族19.mayor [ mɛə ] 宫相20.Christianity [ ,kristi'æniti ] n.基督教；基督教精神21.Charlemagne [ 'ʃɑ:lə'mein ] 查里曼大帝(742-814, 世称 Charles the Great或Charles I, 768-814为法兰克王, 800-814为西罗马帝国皇帝)22.pope [ pu:p ] . 教皇23.cardinal [ 'kɑ:dinəl ] 机枢主教；红衣主教24.archbishop [ 'ɑ:tʃbiʃəp ] n. 大主教25.bishop[ 'biʃəp ] n. 主教26.missionary [ 'miʃənəri ] n.传教士27.creed [ kri:d ] n.教义28.official religion 官方宗教/ state religion 国教29.Huns [ hʌnS ] 匈奴30.tribe[ traib ] 部落31.refuge [ 'refju:dʒ ] n.,v. 避难（处），庇护（所）32.at the expense of 以……为代价33.puppet [ 'pʌpit ] n.木偶；傀儡34.monastery [ 'mɔnəstri ] n. 修道院35.Gaul [ gɔ:l ] n.高卢，高卢人36.Frankish [ 'fræŋkiʃ ] a., n. 法兰克人的，法兰克语37.allied[ 'ælaid ] a.联合的；同盟的38.noteworthy[ 'nəutwə:ði ] a. 值得注意的39.crown [ kraun ] 加冕40.precedent [ pri'si:dənt ] 先例41.Donation of Pepin 丕平献礼42.Merovingian 墨洛温王朝的（人）43.Carolingian[ ,kærə'lindʒiən ] 加洛林王朝的（人）44.Carolingian Renaissance[ rə'neisəns ] 加洛林王朝复兴45.Visigoths [ 'vizigɔθ] 西哥特人46.Ostrogoths [ 'ɔstrə,gɔθ ]东哥特人47.Franks [ fræŋks ] 法兰克人48.Lombards [ 'lɔmbəd, 'lʌmbəd ] 伦巴德人49.Saxons [ 'sæksn ]撒克森人50.Angles [ 'æŋglz ] 盎格鲁人51.Vandals [ 'vændəl ] 汪达尔人Lesson 71.hierarchy [ 'haiərɑ:ki ] . n.教阶制2.cure [ kjuə ] n.堂区神父3.priest [ pri:st ] n. 神父4.diocese [ 'daiəsi:s ] n. 教区5.parish [ 'pæriʃ ] . n.堂区6.regular /monk [ mʌŋk ] n. 修士7.nun [ nʌn ] . . n.修女8.monastery [ 'mɔnəstri ] . . 修道院9.withdraw [ wið'drɔ: ] . 隐退10.Vikings [ 'vaikiŋ ] . . n.维京人11.slavs [slɑ:v, slæv ] . . 斯拉夫人12.Moslems[ 'mɔzlem, 'mɔzlim ]/ muslims [ 'mʊzlim; (US) 'mʌzlem] 穆斯林13.manor [ 'mænə ] . . 庄园14.papacy [ 'peipəsi ] . . 教皇制度15.serf [ sə:f ] n.农奴16.knight [ nait ] . n.骑士17.crusade [ kru:'seid ] . 十字军东侵18.salvation [ sæl'veiʃən ] . 救赎19.Medieval Towns 中世纪的城市20.the higest theology 《神学大全》21.Dante [‘dænti].但丁22.Divine Comedy 《神曲》\23.hell [ hel ] 地狱 Purgatory[ 'pə:gətəri ] . . 炼狱 Paradise[ 'pærədaiz ] . .天堂24.Roman architecture / Gothic architecture 罗马式建筑/哥特式建筑 25． aristocracy [ ,æris'tɔkrəsi ] n.贵族；贵族统治；贵族政府26． aristocratic [ ,æristə'krætik ] a.贵族的；贵族式的27． feudalism [ 'fju:dəlizəm ] n. 封建主义；封建制度28． Vassal [ 'væsəl ] n.附庸；封臣；陪臣29． fief [ fi:f ] . n.采邑；封地30．Knight [nait]. n.骑士31．atypical [ ei'tipikəl ] a.非典型的，不规则的，不正常的32． Pilgrimage [ 'pilgrimidʒ ] n. 朝觐；朝圣33． mail [ meil ] n.铠甲；锁子甲34．tournament [ 'tuənəmənt ] n. 马上比武；比赛35． Chapel [ 'tʃæpəl ] n. 小教堂36． troubadour [ 'tru:bəduə ] n. 行吟诗人；抒情诗人37． Christendom [ 'krisəndəm ] n. 基督教世界38． Notre Dame n. 圣母玛丽亚；圣母院39． romance [ rə'mæns, rəu- ] n. 骑士故事；传奇文学40． patroness [ 'peitrənis, 'pæ- ] n.女庇护人；女赞助人；女支持人Patron [ 'peitrən, 'pæ- ] n.男庇护人；男赞助人；男支持人41．The early Middle Ages 中世纪早期 the high Middle Ages 中世纪盛期The late Middle Ages 中世纪后期42．guild [ gild ] . n. 行会43． Charter [ 'tʃɑ:tə ] . . n. 特许状44．Hanseatic League 汉萨同盟（11世纪由波罗的海和北海的沿岸城市发起组成的一个自由而松散的商业联盟）45．Vernacular [ və'nækjulə ] 地方话；方言46．Bachelor degree 学士； master ‘s degree 硕士； doctor’s degree 博士47．The Treaty of Verdum 《凡尔登条约》48. subinfeudation [ 'sʌbinfju'deiʃən ] 分封，分封制，封地，采邑49．Peace of God 上帝的和平50. Truce of God 上帝的休战51．College of Cardinals 红衣主教团52． excommunication [ 'ekskə,mju:ni'keiʃən ] 绝罚；革除教籍53．Inquisition [ ,inkwi'ziʃən ] . 宗教裁判所54．Tithe [ taið ] . 什一税55．The Black Death 黑死病56．Scholasticism [ skə'læstisizəm ] 经院哲学Lesson 81.knight of bath 浴礼骑士； knight of sword 佩剑骑士2.Renaissance [ rə'neisəns ] 文艺复兴3.the humanities 人文学科；希腊、拉丁文学；古典文学4.humanist [ 'hju:mənist ] 人文主义者；人本主义者；人道主义者5.antiquity [ æn't ikwiti ] 古代（尤指中世纪前），古迹，古物6.paradise [ 'pærədaiz ] . .天堂，伊甸园，天国7.baptistery [ 'bæptistəri ] 洗礼堂；洗礼所8.belles lettres 纯文学9.Reformation [ ,refə'meiʃən ] 宗教改革（运动）10.historiographer [ ,histɔ:ri'ɔgrəfə ] 历史编纂学；编史工作11.Enlightenment [ in'laitnmənt ] 启蒙运动12.ecclesiastical [ i,kli:zi'æstikl ]基督教会的13.individualism [ indi'vidjʊəliz(ə)m ] 个人主义14.humanism [ 'hju:mənizəm ] 人文主义15.Petrarch. 彼特拉克16.Boccaccio 薄伽丘17.versatility [ ,vɜ:sə'tiləti ] 多才多艺18.Raphael [‘reifl, 'ræfeil ]. .拉斐尔19.Giotto [ 'dʒɔtəu ] 乔托20.Michelangelo [ ,maikil'ændʒiləu ] 米开朗琪罗21.Titian [ 'tiʃiən ] 提香22.Thomas More 托马斯·莫尔23.Erasmus [ i'ræzməs ] 伊拉斯谟24.The Elizabethan age 伊丽莎白时代25.Shakespeare [ ʃeikspir ] 莎士比亚26.Cervantes [ sə:'væntiz ]塞万提斯27.Don Quixote [ dɔn'kwiksət ] 唐吉诃德28.Decameron [ di'kæmərən] 《十日谈》29.corruption [ kə'rʌpʃən ] . 腐败30.Martin Luther [ 'lu:θə ] . 马丁·路德31.John Calvin 约翰·加尔文32.Huguenot [ 'hju:gənɔt ] . . 雨格诺教徒（法国）33.Puritan [ 'pjuəritən ] 清教徒（英国）34.Presbyterian [ ,prezbi'tiəriən ] . 长老会（苏格兰）35.The Counter Reformation 反宗教改革运动 | 罗马天主教的改革运动36. The Council of Trent 特兰特圣公会37.toleration [ tɔlə'reiʃən ] 容忍38.the Armada[ a:'mɑ:də ] 西班牙无敌舰队39.the Edict of Nantes 南特赦令40.monopoly [ mə'nɔpəli ] 垄断41.Columbus [ kə'lʌmbəs ] 哥伦布42.Da Gama 达加马43.Magellan [ mə'gelən, -'dʒelən ] 麦哲伦44.conquistador [ kɔn'kwistədə: ] 征服者45.the Commercial Revolution 商业革命46.insurance [ in'ʃuərəns ] 保险47.stock exchanges 证券交易所48.capitalism [ 'kæpitəlizəm] 资本主义49.bourgeoisie [ ,buəʒwɑ:'zi ]资产阶级50.Mercantilism [ 'mə:kəntailizəm ] 重商主义51.Constantinople[ ,kɔnstænti'nəupl ] 君士坦丁堡52. Ottoman[ 'ɔtəmən ] Turks 奥斯曼土耳其53.Norman conquest of England 1066年国王威廉一世(William I)在举世闻名的诺曼征服(Norman Conquest)一役中打败英格兰的Harold国王，统一不列颠.54.Hundred Years’ War 百年战争(1337－1453)55.Spanish conquest of the Aztecs[ 'æztek ] and Incas[ 'iŋkə ] 十六世纪初西班牙以六百士兵攻陷阿兹特克帝国，其后再以不足两百士兵轻取印加帝国.56.Establishment of the University of Bologna[ bə'ləunə ] 意大利波伦亚大学,创建于1087年57.Beginning of Tudor[ 'tju:də ] rule in England 都铎王朝(1485-1603)58.Reign of Yaroslav the Wise in Russia 雅罗斯拉夫 (智者)pletion of the Reconquista by Ferdinand and Isabella 国王斐迪南和伊萨贝拉60.St. Bartholomews’[ bɑ:'θɔləmju:] /圣徒巴多罗买Day Massacre [ 'mæsəkə ] 大屠杀61.Ninety-five Theses九十五条62.Babylonian Captivity 巴比伦之囚时期(1309-1377)63.Great Schism 大分裂：指十一世纪东西方教会的大分裂。

电的时代(The Age of Electricity)It is certain for we human beings to be proud of our brilliant civilization, which offers us the comfortable life. Our civilization wouldn’t develop so rapidly without the endless stream of great scientific achievements. It is electricity that plays an important role and stands out among these achievements. And we should be grateful to the scientists who had found the way to produce electricity.In 1831,Faraday, an excellent scientist from England, summed up a law which is ca lled Faraday’slaw of electromagnetic induction. This law tells us how to induct electric current with magnets, Faraday’ law made the book of our history turned to anew page, the age of electricityThe law belongsto the foundation of the Theory of Electromagnetics. The scientist worked in this field for a long time and then brought us today’s life: e-life. It is now easy to find a telephone or a light. Computers also become more and more important and popular. We use electricity in various ways: doing house work, entertaining, having important meetings on the Internet and so on. Imagine this: when watching TV, you find the telephone ranging. So you turned on the light and answer it. It is your cousin who asks about how to use the new soft ware you give him. So you send him an e-mail. All these seems to be too simple and common. But in any of these, electricity is always playing an important role. What if there was no electricity? Full of darkness at night, no internet, no televisions……that would be terrible!So……Thanks to the scientists achievements, we can live such a comfortable life. So when you are doing your homework by the lamp, or watching an NBA match or surfing the internet, please say to Faraday and the other scientists in your mind sincerely: Thank you!1 / 1。

英文作文过去的时代英文：In the past, life was very different from what it is now. Technology was not as advanced as it is today, and people had to rely on manual labor to get things done. Communication was also much slower, with letters being the primary mode of long-distance communication.One of the biggest differences between the past and present is the way we consume media. In the past, peoplehad limited options for entertainment. They would read books, listen to the radio, or watch movies in theaters. Nowadays, we have access to a vast array of media,including streaming services, social media, and video games.Another significant change is the way we travel. In the past, people would often have to travel long distances on foot or by horse-drawn carriage. Now, we can travel across the world in a matter of hours by plane.Despite these differences, there are some things that remain the same. People still have the same basic needs for food, shelter, and companionship. We still value human connection and the relationships we form with others.中文：过去的时代和现在有很大的不同。

2022年时代英语报Test 1 (7A Unit 1 )听力材料一.听对话回答下列问题1. W: Do you like music? M: Yes. I listen to CDs at the weekend.2 M: What do you often do on Friday afternoon? W: I often play volleyball with other girls.3. W: Does Amy walk home after school? M :. No. She takes a bus.4. M: Are you ggod. at dancing, Millie? W: No, but~Im good at swimming.5. W., How.old are you, Simon? M: Im twelve. Mybrother is fourteen.6. W: Was Dick born in Shanghai? M: No. He was born in Beijing.7. M. Hello,Sandy. What do you do after school? W: I often play basketball.8. W: Is your cousin a doctor? M.. No, he is a teacher.9. M- What does Mitlie like doing? W: She enjoys reading. She is a member of the Reading Club.10. W: David is in Class Four and he wears glasses. M: My sister Kitty is in Class Three, but she doesnt wear glasses.二.听对话和短文回答下列问题听第一段对话，回答11-12小题M: Whats this?W: Its my dog. M: How old is it?W: Its three years old.M: Do you often walk your dog?W: Yes. I walk it every afternoon.听第二段对话，回答13-15小题W:What~s in your hand?M: Its a photo of my friend, David.W: What does he like?M: He likes playing basketball.W: Does he work hard?M: Yes. He is good at English and Maths.W: Wh~tt is he like?M: He is polite and helpful.听一篇短文，回答第16-20小题Hello, everyone. My name is Dick. I am a middle school student. I study at No. 10 Middle School. I am in Class 3, Grade 7. There are twenty boys and twenty-three girls in my class. I go to school at seven thirty.Classes begin at eight. We have four lessons in the morning find tkvo in the afternoon. At three fifty in the afternoon we have: sports. We study Chinese, Maths, English and other lessons. We like English very much and Im good at it. But Im not good at Chinese. We work hard.. We study for our country.答案第一部分听力1.A;2. C;3. C;4. B;5. C;6. B;7. C;8. B;9. C; 10. C. ll.B; 12. C; 13. C;14. B; 15. C; 16. B; 17. C; 18. B; 19. C; 20. A.第二部分笔试一.21. D; 22. C 23. C; 24. A; 25. C; 26. A~ 27. C; 28. B; 29. A; 30. D;31.C; 32. C; 33. B; 34. C; 35. B.二36. A; 37. B; 38. C; 39. C; 40. A; 41. C; 42. D; 43. B; 44. D; 45.A.三 (A) 46. B; 47. C; 48. C; 49. A; 50. B. (B) 51. C; 52. D; 53. C;54. B; 55. C.四 (A) 56. understand; 57. rumfing; 58. really; 59. strong; 60. grade;61. always;62. news; 63. lunchtime; 64. team; 65. hard.(B) 66. glasses; 67. newest; 68. funny; 69. hobbies; 70. grandparents;71. drawing;72. well; 73. matches; 74. friends; 75. usually.(C)76. drawing; 77. doesnt come; 78. takes; 79. go; 80. has; 81. to wear/wearing;82. to know; 83. makes; 84. do, have; 85. go. (D) 86. look after; 87 comes from; 88. are good at; 89. goes running;90. lots off五 (A) 91. My name; 92. has; 93. comes from; 94. is in; 95. go home on foot.(B) 96. Do, live; 97. Does, fly; 98. What, do; 99. What do, doing; 100. What does, want to do.六 101. how to play football; 102. reading books about; 103. Do, very well;104. scores for; 105. sounds great.七 106. helpful; 107. lovely; 108. fides; 109. bus; 110. car; 111. quickly; 112. without;113. shower; 114. Hobbies; 115. basketball.八116. tell; 117. years; 118. comes; 119. short; 120. playing; 121. listening; 122. computer; 123. talks; 124. school; 125. friends.九One possible version:Hello, everyone! My name is Zhang Hua. I am twelve years old. I was born in Shanghai, but I live in Beijing now. I am tall and strong. I wear glasses. I like listening to music and reading books about sports. I am good at English and Maths. I take my dog for a walk every day. I want to be your good friends.Test 2 (7A Unit 2 )听力材料一.听对话回答下列问题1. M: Do you watch TV after lunch? W: No. I chat with my friends.2. W: What is Kitty doing? M: She is reading books in the library.3 M: Do you do morning exercises every day? W: Yes, I do.4. W: Dick wants to be a teacher when he grows up. What about you, Andy ?M: I want to be a basketball player.5. W: I listen to music and watch TV on Sunday. What about you, Mike? M: I play football with my friends.6. M:Hi, lane. What time does the English class begin? W. At 9.30 a.m.7. W: Do you know the answer to the question, Jim? M: No, its too difficult. Lets ask David. He knows it.8. W: Who is Kitty? M: The tall and slim girl over there.9. M: I like playing tennis very much. How about you. Millie? W: Me, too. But I like skating best.10 W: Whose pencil box is this? Is it yours, Dick?M: Let me see. No, its not mine. I think its Jacks.二.听对话和短文回答下列问题听第一段对话，回答11-12小题M: Hello, Amy. Does your mother often watch films?W: No. She often watches TV at home.M: Does your father like reading newspapers? W: Yes. What about your father, David?M: He likes making model planes.W: Does your sister often write e-mails to her friends?M: Yes, but she likes listening to music best.听第二段对话，回答13-15小题W: Are you a new student in this school?M: Yes. My name is Andy and I am in Class 1, Grade 7.W. Is it called No. 1 Middle School?M: Yes, it is.W :Do you ,like your classroom?M:: Yes:W: Why:?M: Because I can see the playground.W: Do you like playing basketball after class? .:M: No. I like playing volleyball ,W:. Do you love your new school? :M: Yes, I do. I like it very much. ....听一篇短文，回答第16-20小题My name is Kitty. Im a student in: Grade Seven in a. middle school in Beijing. Susan is my good friend. She is twelve. We are in the same grade.In her letters, Susan says she goes to school five days a week. Shegets to school at 8:30 in the morning. She doesnt go home for lunch, but has it at school. She comes back home at three in the afternoon. Sometimes sheplays games with her friends after school. She often has little homework.答案第一部分听力一 1.B; 2. C; 3. B; 4. B; 5. B; 6. C; 7. C; 8. B; 9. C; 10. C.二 11.B; 12. C; 13. C; 14. B; 15. C; 16. C; 17. B; 18. C; 19. A; 20.B.第二部分笔试一21.A; 22. C; 23. C; 24. B; 25. C; 26. A; 27. B; 28, C;29. B; 30. A; 31. C;32. A; 33. D; 34. C; 35. B.二 36. D; 37. C; 38. C; 39. A; 40. B; 41. A; 42. C; 43. D; 44. C; 45.B.三 (A) 46. B; 47. B; 48. C; 49. B; 50. B. (B) 51.B; 52. B; 53. C; 54. A; 55. A.四 (A) 56. chatting; 57. newspapers; 58. dinner; 59. both; 60. exercise; 61. Friday; 62. Maybe;63: wakes; 64. because; 65~ send.(B) 66. twice; 67. more; 68. swimmer; 69. best; 70. members; 71. interesting; 72. teacher;73. practise; 74. libraries; 75, first.(C) 76. likes; 77. closed; 78. organizing; 79. watch; 80. writing;81. shopping; 82. to learn;83. to do; 84. Does, enjoy; 85. has.(D) 86. Wake up; 87. talk about; 88. has lessons; 89. listens to; 90. is hard for.五 (A) 91. for breakfast; 92:-have a great/gOod time ;, 93. my favourite subject;94. plays, with me; 95. a good swimmer.(B) 96. Would, like; 97. doesnt have any; 98. doesnt do; 99. Why do; 100. How long do.六101. Its time for, to play; 102. are getting ready for; 103. spend, practising speaking;104. Thanks for; 105. get some information about:七106. studying; 107. because; 108. nice; 109. chat; 110. exercises; 111. favour/m; 112. spend;113. library; 114. practise; t15, swimmer.八 One pOssible version:Dear Jim,Thank you for writing to me. I want to tell you something about my life. I get up at 6. 00 in the morning. At 6. 40, I have breakfast. ThenI do morning exercises at 7. 30. I have lessons from 8. 25 to 11. 50 every morning. At 4. 40 in the afternoon, I often do some sports with my classmates. I play sports for about one hour, and then I go home. Sometimes I watch TV before having supper. Before I go to bed, I must finish my homework. It takes me about two hours. At 9.30, i usually go to bed. Thats my life. What about yours?Please e-mail me soon!Yours,Zhu GuangxingTest 3 (7A Unit 3 )听力材料一.听对话回答下列问题1. M: We usually eat rice dumplings and watch dragon boat races for this festival.W: Great.2. M: What do you usually do at night? W:I often listen to music.3. M: Do you know how to make a PUm.pki? lantern? W: Yes. Let me help you.4. W: Are there any red packets on the desk? M: No, but there is some turkey on it.5. M: What sports do you like, Millie?W: I like all the sports except volleyball. Its too hard for me. 6. M: .Look Kitty: How bright the moon is this evening! W: Yes, and the cakes are nice, Wo.7. M: Do you usually come to school by bike?W: Of course. I like riding a bike. But sometimes I come in my fathers car.8. W: Whats the date today? M: Sorry, I dont know. But I know tomorrow is Halloween.9. M: Hello, Amy. what would you like, milk or Coke? W: Neither, thanks. Just some juice, please.10. W: Can I help you? M: Id like something to read.二.听对话和短文回答下列问题听第一段对话，回答11-12小题W: Hello, David. Which is your favourite festival?M: Mid-Autumn Festival.W: How do you celebrate it?M: We have a family get-together.W: Do you have a big dinner?M: Yes, of course.W: What do you usually eat?M: Mooncakes and a lot of nice food.听第二段对话，回答13-15小题W: Hello, Jim. Which is your favourite festival in the year?M:I like Chinese New Year best.W: Why is it your favourite?M: Because we can get Lucky Money and have a big dinner with our family. W: Where do you have the big dinner?M: We often have it at home, and sometimes in a Chinese restaurant. W: When do you begin the dinner?M: We often begin the dinner at 7 p.m.听一篇短文，回答第16-20小题Dear David,How are you? Are you busy these days? Are you still coming to my birthday party in October? My family, friends and my classmates will come. The party is on Saturday, October 22. It will begin at about 6. 30 p.m. Its at Uncle Bills restaurant in the town centre. First we can eat and drink from 6.30 to 7.45. After that we can see a film at 8.00. I hope you Can come. You can meet my other friends.Please write to me soon.Yours,Amy答案第一部分听力1.B;2. C;3. B;4. C;5. B;6. C; 7 At 8. C- 9. B; 10. C. ll.C; 12. B; 13. B; 14. A; 15. C; 16.B; 17. C; 18. A; 19. C; 20. B.第二部分笔试一21.D; 22. C; 23. B; 24. A; 25. D; 26. C; 27. B; 28. A; 29. D; 30. D;31.C; 32. A; 33. B; 34. A; 35. D.二36. A; 37. B; 38. A; 39. D; 40. C; 41.A; 42. D; 43..B; 44. A; 45.D.三 (A) 46. C; 47. B; 48. A; 49. D; 50. D.(B) 51. play tricks on; 52. On the second Sunday of May; 53. Easter eggs;54. have big dinners; 55. On December 25th.四 (A) 56. kitchens; 57. teeth; 58. neighours; 59. shout; 60. interesting; 61. paint;62. through; 63. August; 64. candles; 65. traditional.(B) 66. fireworks; 67. excited; 68. meeting; 69. Teachers ; 70. Childrens;71. called; 72. months; 73. wonderful; 74. times; 75. drinks.(C) 76. to ask; 77.has; 78. reading; 79. sending; 80. starts; 81. eating; 82. fishing;83. cut; 84. dresses; 85. to make.(D) 86. playtricks ont 87. knock on; 88. dress up; 89. cut, out; 90. so much.五 (A) 91. is in; 92. gives, as a treat; 93. where he is; 941 make,out of; 95. was born on.(B) 96. What are, doing; 97. How many, days are there; 98. Why does;99. Mike is dressing up as a ghost; i00. Which man is.六101. excited, first time, wear; i02. dont have my own; 103. are on holiday;104. what, does; 105. in many Ways.七 106. West; 107. December; 108. parties; 109. Children; 110. happy; 111. Year; 112. February; 113: visit; 114. nice; 115. because.八 One possible version:Dear Mike, :There will be a Chinese Lantern Festival Party in the Peoples Cinema on Saturday, February 15th. At the party, we Canenjoy Chinese food first. Then we can watch the lion dance and lantern show. We can listen to music :and dance from 8.00 p.m. to midnight. After that, we can Watch fireworks. Would you like to join us? Youll have a:great time. I look forward tO seeing you.Lots of Love,HelenTest 4(7A Unit 1 ~7A Unit 3)听力材料一.听对话回答下列问题1. W: What time do you get up, Mike? M: I get up at 6.30 and have breakfast at 7.00.2. W: Who is your cousin, Dick?M: She wears glasses and she has long hair.3. W: I dont like listening to music. How about you, Andy? M: I like fishing.4. W: What do you often do at the weekend,Tom?M: I often go shopping with my sister. What about you?5. W: May I come in, Mr Green?M: All right, but please dont be late for class next time.6. M: Excuse me, is this yellow mask yours, Kitty?W: No. mine is blue. I think its Andys.7. W: Would you like to fly kites with me?M: Id like to, but I have to do my homework first.8. M: Today is Wednesday. We have no P.E. lessons today. W:Yes. And we will have a computer lesson tomorrow.9. W:Simon, its Dicks birthday tomorrow.M: Oh, what shall we buy for him, Amy?10. M: Are Millie and Kitty from the UK?W: No. Millie is from America and Kitty is from China.二.听对话和短文回答下列问题听第一段对话，回答11-12小题M: When does your school day begin, Lily?W: It begins at 8.30 a. m.M: How many lessons do you have every day?W: We have four lessons in the morning and three lessons in the afternoon.M: What do you think of your new classmates and teachers?W: Oh, they are all nice to me. They often help me with my lessons.听第二段对话，回答13-15小题W: Good morning. Im Mitlie. Im a student here.M: Hello, Im Simon. Im twelve. What about you?W: Thirteen. Where do you come from7M: I come from England. And you?W: Im from America. Do you like playing basketball?W: Yes, very much. And Kobe is my favourite basketball player. What about you?M: I like playing volleyball.听一篇短文，回答第16-20小题John is an English boy of 14. Now he studies at No. 25 Middle School.Simon is his best friend.Today is New Years Eve. Simon invites John to his house for dinner.John takes a bus and comes with some chocolates. They have a big dinner.They sing, play games and watch TV.Then the two boys come out to the street. There are lion dances andfireworks near Simons house. They say Happy New Year to each other.They have a great time.答案第一部分听力1.B;2. C;3. B;4. C;5. B;6. A;7. B;8. C;9. B; 10. C. 11.C; 12. B;13.A; 14. C; 15. A; 16. B; 17. A; 18. C; 19. B; 20. C.第二部分笔试一21. D;。

时代英语报23秋六年级试卷听力材料Times English NewspaperGrade 6 Listening Test MaterialsPart 1: Listen and choose the correct answer1. What is Bob doing this weekend?A. Playing soccerB. Going to a concertC. Watching a movie2. What subject does Lily prefer?A. MathB. ScienceC. History3. What is the weather like for the picnic?A. SunnyB. RainyC. Cloudy4. Who is the best student in the class?A. AliceB. TomC. SarahPart 2: Listen and fill in the blanks1. What time is the movie _______________2. The school trip will be on _______________3. The new math teacher is __________________4. The school play will start at _______________ Part 3: Listen and answer the questions1. Why is Billy excited this week?2. Who is going to cook dinner tonight?3. What did Sarah buy for her best friend?4. What did Tom get for his birthday?Part 4: Listen and complete the dialogue Tom: Hello, this is Tom speaking.Sara: Hi Tom, are you free _________________?Tom: Yes, I am. _____________________Sara: Great! Let's go to the ____________________Overall, the Grade 6 Listening Test Materials for the Times English Newspaper is designed to test students' listening skills in various scenarios. The materials include short conversations, dialogues, and questions to assess comprehension and the ability to follow instructions accurately. Students are required to listen carefully and select the correct answers, fill in the blanks, and respond to questions based on the audio content. This test aims to improve students' listening abilities and enhance their English language proficiency.。

英文作文总结材料模板英文：When it comes to summarizing materials for an English essay, there are a few key points to keep in mind. First and foremost, it's important to read through the materials thoroughly and take notes on the main ideas and arguments presented. This will help you to identify the key themes and arguments that you will need to address in your essay.Once you have a good understanding of the materials,it's time to start organizing your thoughts. One effective approach is to create an outline that breaks down the essay into key sections and identifies the main points you want to make in each section. This will help you to stay focused and ensure that you cover all of the necessary material in a clear and concise manner.Another important consideration when summarizing materials for an English essay is to use your own words asmuch as possible. While it's fine to quote directly fromthe materials when necessary, you should try to paraphrase the ideas and arguments in your own words whenever possible. This will help to demonstrate your understanding of the material and ensure that your essay is original and engaging.中文：在总结材料撰写英文论文时，有几个关键点需要注意。