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新视野大学英语全四册语法句型结构总结(全)

新视野大学英语全四册语法句型结构总结(全)
新视野大学英语全四册语法句型结构总结(全)

BOOK 1

UNIT 1

●While…,…“while”引导的状语从句与主句的意思相反

●Not only …, but also…“not only”位于句首,因含有否定意义“not”,

not only 引导的句子应该用部分倒装,but also 引导的句子语序不变

UNIT 2

●… as… / As…,…. “as”引导的时间状语从句,表示从句与从句的动作

在同一时间发生。

●While + V-ing…,…. “while”引导的时间状语从句中主句的主语与从句

的主语一致时,如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表主动关系,将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ing形式。

UNIT 3

●Even though/Even if/ Although…,…

… even though/even if/although…“即使”让步状语从句

●非谓语动词V-ed & V-ing 的一种用法: 连词引导的状语从句中主句的主语

与从句的主语一致时,省略从句的主语,如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表主动关系,将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ing形式。如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表被动关系,将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ed形式。Conjunction + V-ing(与主语是主动关系)…, Subject (主语) + V …

状语从句主句

Conjunction + V-ed(与主语是被动关系)…, Subject (主语) + V…

状语从句主句

UNIT 4

●非谓语动词V-ed & V-ing 的一种用法: 连词引导的状语从句中主句的主语

与从句的主语一致时,省略从句的主语,如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表主动关系,将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ing形式。如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表被动关系,将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ed形式。连词可以省略。

V-ing(与主语是主动关系)…, Subject (主语) + V …

V-ed(与主语是被动关系)…, Subject (主语) + V…

Subject (主语) + V …,v-ing(与主语是主动关系)…,

Subject (主语) + V…,v-ed(与主语是被动关系)…,

●…so…(that)…

UNIT 5

●定语从句(Attributive Clause)

●Despite / In spite of/ Regardless of …, … (“尽管” Despite后跟

名词或名词性短语)

UNIT 6

●So/ Nor/ Neither 引导的部分倒装的省略句。(So表示“也”, Nor/ Neither

“也不”。)

●Even if/ even though / although

UNIT 7

●“have + object (宾语) + V-ed ”宾语与V是被动关系

●rather than 引导并列结构“而不是”

UNIT 8

●定语从句(Attributive Clause)

●The more…, the more…

UNIT 9

●If 引导的条件句中的谓语情态动词为should 的倒装结构,省略if, 将

should 放于句首,从句中其他成分语序不发生变化,主句语序没有变化。

●instead of “而不”

UNIT 10

●状语从句(Adverbial Clause)

●what 引导的名词性从句(Noun Clause)(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、

同位语从句)

BOOK 2

UNIT 1

●…, much less… (“更不用说”部分倒装)

●…, whereas…(从句与主句意思相反)

UNIT 2

●…despite/ in spite of/ regardless of … (后跟名词或名词性短语)●… , neither/ nor …(“也不”部分倒装)

UNIT 3

●… not/ never too… to… (“再怎么…也得…”)

●An appositional structure (同位语成分)

UNIT 4

●“it”引导的形式主语

●so/ as long as… (只要)

UNIT 5

●“which”引导的定语从句

●… so …that…

UNIT 6

●As A is (to B), so is C (to D).

●“V-ing” participle clause with a conjunction (连词加动词-ing形式

的状语从句:从句与主句主语一致,省略从句主语,从句谓语动词与主句主语表主动关系,用谓语动词-ing形式)

UNIT 7

●…., in addition to other things / among other things (“除了其他

事情之外”)

●The more…, the more…

UNIT 8

●含否定意义的词或短语(如 On no account, Little, Not until, Hardly, Under no circumstances)位于句首所引导的部分倒装

●While/ Although…, …

UNIT 9

●…, even if/ even though… (即使)

●The more…, the more…

UNIT 10

●…, as though/ as if …a subjunctive mood…(“好像”条件句中的事

件明显不真实,那条件句中应该使用虚拟语气)

●“whichever + n + V….” whichever引导的名词性从句在主句中做主语、

表语、宾语、同位语,whichever不能换为 no matter which

BOOK 3

UNIT 1

●no matter how/ who/ what/ where/ which/ whether, ect. 让步状语从句

“无论”

●Just as …, … Just as 引导的状语从句,“正如”

UNIT 2

●同位语(An appositional)

●独立主格结构(An Absolute Structure)连词引导的状语从句中主句的主

语与从句的主语不一致时,省略从句的连词,如果从句中的谓语动词与从句的主语表主动关系,将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ing形式;如果从句中的谓语动词与从句的主语表被动关系,将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ed形式。

UNIT 3

●As 引导的并列句“正如”“in the way that”“in the manner that”

“like

●Once…,…once 作为连词引导的时间状语从句“一旦”“from the moment

that”

UNIT 4

●独立主格结构

●“连词+介词短语”结构“conjunction + prepositional phrase”

UNIT 5

●Not untill 引导的时间状语位于句首时,主句部分倒装:“Not untill 从

句主语 +从句谓语…+主句谓语动词的助动词/ 主句系动词/主句情态动词+ 主句主语+ 之后的语序不变化”

●非谓语动词V-ing 的做状语的用法: 连词引导的状语从句中主句的主语与

从句的主语一致时,省略连词、省略从句的主语,如果从句中的谓语动词与主句的主语表主动关系,将从句的谓语动词变为动词-ing形式。

V-ing(与主语是主动关系)…, Subject (主语) + V …

状语

Subject (主语) + V …,v-ing(与主语是主动关系)…,

状语

UNIT 6

●…so that…“这样”

●…, which… which 引导的非限定性定语从句

UNIT 7

●As to + 名词/名词性短语/名词性从句, …“至于”

●There/ It is no use (point, sense,ect) (in) doing …

UNIT 8

●What if…? “如果…呢?”

●with + n. + prepositional phrase

UNIT 9

●while

●含否定意义的词或短语位于句首所引导的部分倒装

UNIT 10

●Whatever,whoever, whichever, wherever, however引导的让步状语从句,

可以替换为

no matter what/ who/ which / where/ how, ect.

●将“If -clause”改写为由“and”连接的两个句字中的第一个句子,一

般为祈使句(表条件),第二个句子是第一个句子的结果。

BOOK 4

UNIT 1

●… not…other than…“other than”表“除了”

●would/ need/should/might/must have done

UNIT 2

●if 引导的与过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构

●it 作为形式主语

UNIT 3

●be + V-ed + to 注意语态和时态,尤其是to 后的语态和时态“to be adj.”

“to do” “to be done”“to have done”“to have been done”

●V + to do / V + doing

UNIT 4

●rather than “而不是”引导并列成分

●倍数表达“twice as…as”“three times as …as”

UNIT 5

●…not/never so … as.. “不如”

●Sb. Might as well do sth. “might as well”“不防”

UNIT 6

●It is + adj. +to do / that clause

●Suppose 作为连词引导的条件从句,表“如果”

UNIT 7

●“more than”后跟一个名词或形容词,表“not only”“having greater

value or importance than something esle”

●“nothing less than”后跟一个名词或形容词,强调“how surprising or

important sth. is”

UNIT 8

●“mind ”表“object to”“dislike”“be annoyed by”,后跟“if-clause”

“V-ing”

●no 作为限定词,后加名词单数或复数,位于句首,表示“not a”“not any”

UNIT 9

●for all + noun phrase 表示“despite”“尽管”

●rather than 作为连词连接并列成分

UNIT 10

●no matter who/ what/ which/ when/how/ where, ect. 让步状语从句“无

论”

●so…that...位于句首用部分倒装“So adj/ adv + 部分倒装”

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