当前位置：文档之家 › 4.美国文学选读_课件Benjamin_Franklin

4.美国文学选读_课件Benjamin_Franklin

  • 格式：ppt
  • 大小：2.07 MB
  • 文档页数：13

下载文档原格式

  / 13

合集下载

《美国文学》课件四

《美国文学》课件四

Franklin’s literary works：
The Autobiography:（1771）
The earliest autobiography in American literature; 1771 , 65 years old; a record of a man who rose to wealth and fame from a state of poverty and obscurity into which he was born, and the faithful account of the colorful career of America ’s first selfmade man.
Franklin’s Position:
• Everything seems to meet in this one man, mind and will, talent and art, strength and ease, wit and grace, and he became almost everything: a printer, postmaster, almanac maker(历书编撰者), essayist, scientist, orator, statesman, philosopher, political economist, ambassador, parlor man. • He seemed to be born with King Midas' golden touch: in whatever field he happened to appear, he achieved a peerless degree of accomplishment.

美国文学课件

美国文学课件

第一讲美国文化的背景与特征一、美国文化背景概观1、荒野里诞生的国度开拓型文化对于美国民族精神的塑造大有裨益：（1）有利于培植个人主义价值观（2）有利于造就美利坚民族的乐观精神（3）有利于培养创新精神2、清教传统美国主流文化：白人盎格鲁-撒克逊新教文化清教（Puritanism）是新教的一个支派清教主义的信念：（1）上帝具有万能的力量（2）每个人凭借对上帝的信仰就可以成为上帝的选民（3）相信原罪说，注重反省自身（4）只有辛勤劳动，勤俭节约，取得事业成功，才能完成上帝赋予自己的使命清教对美国社会发展具有重要作用:（1）造就了精打细算、兢兢业业的作风和追求财富的动力（2）养成了开发新疆土、征服大自然的冒险精神（3）具有社会凝聚力，产生了一种新的民族认同3、多元开放的移民社会移民社会与美国文化的发展：（1）早期移民给新大陆的政治生活注入了民主的气氛（2）美国没有经历过封建社会阶段，商业的迅速发展对美国人的价值取向、国民心态产生了深远的影响（3）多元、开放性使美国文化充满生机与活力二、美国文化的特征1、核心价值观——个人主义（1）“个人主义”的含义：指西方从文艺复兴以来随着资本主义反对封建压迫和神权统治斗争的发展而形成的以个人为中心的思想，其主要内容是相信每个人都具有价格，高度重视个人自由（2）个人主义和利己主义的区别与联系: 个人主义强调个人的独立性，创造性，个人的个性发展。

利己主义把个人的特殊利益凌驾于他人，社会公共利益之上，是违背功德的极端个人主义。

（3）美国个人主义的起源:清教传统是主要根源。

在拓荒中以自给自足方式生存使个人主义成为信仰和民族精神。

政治家，思想家的理论阐述时个人主义成为美国文化的主要信条。

爱默生强调个人精神的重要性，美国文化要从欧洲独立。

（4）美国个人主义价值观的主要内容A、个人的力量无限: 美国“牛仔精神”-个人英雄主义B、自主抉择，自力更生C、个人的权利不可侵犯(5) 对美国个人主义价值观的评价（思考）2、冒险、开拓、富有创新精神3、自由、平等精神4、实用主义/功利主义5、物质主义6、种族主义和扩张主义第二讲美国文学的发展阶段一、印第安传统文学二、殖民地时期文学（17世纪初-18世纪中叶）三、启蒙与独立战争时期文学（18世纪中叶-19世纪初）四、浪漫主义时期文学（19世纪上半叶）五、现实主义时期文学（南北战争后-20世纪初）六、现代文学（20世纪上半叶）七、当代文学（二战以后- 今）一、印第安传统文学印第安传统文学的主要特征（1）以口头形式流传（2）常见文学样式：典仪、曲词、神话与传说、史诗等（3）同印第安人生活有着特殊的联系（4）有一些基本相同的主题（5）常运用重复、渐进的手法关于印第安文学，值得研究的问题：1、如何认识印第安传统文学在美国文学整体中的地位？2、印第安传统文学同殖民地时期移民关于印第安人的叙述有何联系？3、印第安传统文学与印第安当代文学之间，有着怎样的延续和继承关系？4、印第安文学与其它弱势文学之间有何关系？《最后的莫希干人》二、殖民地时期文学The colonial period (1607 - 1765)这一时期文学的成就与特点：（1）体裁：主要包括游记、日记、信札、报道、历史、传记和宗教诗歌等，其内容大多表现的是探险者和移民对自己事业的赞颂。

美国文学 富兰克林传.ppt

美国文学 富兰克林传.ppt

Literary Giant: Benjamin Franklin
Major works
Poor Richard's Almanack 2.The Autobiography 1.
Poor Richard's Almanack

Poor Richard's Almanac (1733-1758) took Franklin twentyfive years to contrive homely aphorism out of whatever source he could tap and improve most of then with his gift for pungenct and imagery.
The Autobiography



In his Autobiography , told how and when he began to write it "Memoires De La Vie Privee...,”1791,in Paris The first English translation, "The Private Life of the Late Benjamin Franklin ”,1793,in London
"The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin”was written for Franklin's son William The work portrays a fascinating picture of life in Philadelphia The first five chapters were written in England in 1771,resumed in 1784-1785 in Paris,and later in 1788 in the US

Benjamin-Franklin本杰明富兰克林 PPT

Benjamin-Franklin本杰明富兰克林 PPT
It was considered to be the greatest autobiography produced in Colonial America which was published here contained 14 chapters.
Content
changing.
• 省一文等于挣一文；聚沙可以成塔，积水可以成河 。 • 早睡早起,使人健康、富有和聪明 。 • 天助自助者 。 • 小小开支不可随意，小小漏洞会沉大船。 • 吃饭是为了活着,活着不是为了吃饭。 • 选择朋友要谨慎，换朋友更要谨慎。
The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin 《本杰明·富兰克林自传》
Serving god best is to contribute your talent
to the people and community
Franklin’s Contributions to Science
A scientist with lots of inventions and a famous experiment (kite, electricity, thunderstorm); first applied the terms “positive” and “negative” to electrical charges.
Benjamin Franklin
(1706-1790)
content
1. Life Experience 2. Great Contributions 3. Literary Worperience
He was born in Boston, the youngest son of a poor craftsman on January 17,1706. He had little formal education, but he taught himself by reading widely.

Benjamin Franklin 课件

Benjamin Franklin 课件
精品PPT
13 Humility Imitate Jesus and Socrates. (谦虚(qiānxū) 仿效耶稣和苏格拉底。)
精品PPT
精品PPT
精品PPT
精品PPT
精品PPT
2 Silence Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation. (沉默 说话必须对别人或你自己有益(yǒuyì)；要避 免无益的聊天。)
精品PPT
3 Order Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have its time. (生活秩序 将每一样东西放在它们应该放的地方； 每件日常事务应当有一定的时间(shíjiān)。)
Teaching Procedure:
精品PPT
I Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) was a printer, publisher, editor, postmaster, educator, economist, scientist, inventor, musician, man of letters(scholar or author), diplomat and statesman. He didn’t receive much formal education. At the age of 12, he was apprenticed to his brother, a printer, and at 16 took over the editorship of the paper New England Courant. At 17 he moved to Philadelphia and became sole owner of a printing firm.

课堂ppt-美国文学选

课堂ppt-美国文学选
American Literature Benjamin Franklin 3
Then, many European countries became stronger. Their ships reached Africa and Asia. They got gold, silver, silk, tea and other things from the orient. Columbus wanted to make another way to India and China.
American Literature
Benjamin Franklin
9
The First American Literature
The first writings that we call American were the narratives and journals of these settlements. The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. Captain John Smith’s reports of exploration, published in the early 1600s, have been described as the first distinctly American literature written in English.
Colonial Period and Early American Literature (1582-1789)
Historical Introduction

(第一讲)Benjamin_Franklinppt课件

area, by Mayflower and found Plymouth Colony (普利茅斯殖民地).
ship of Mayflower
roast turkey
❖ The origin of Thanksgiving Day
精选PPT课件
4
New England
精选PPT课件
5
2. American Puritanism
To achieve freedom , prosperity and success through honest hard work.
The ability to rise from rags to riches through hard work.
"life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with for each according to ability or achievement“
❖What is Puritan?
The Puritans were originally devout members
of Church of England who advocated highly
religious and moral principle. They wished to
“purify” their religious belief---to clean up the
精选PPT课件
7
❖What is American Puritanism?
❖ Puritanism is the practices and religious beliefs of puritans in America.

《美国文学史及选读》(第三版)(第一册)教学课件Chapter 4 Benjamin Frankli


CChhapatpert3er 4 Benjamin Franklin
Brief Comment Successful in business, renowned in science, this most modern-spirited man
of early Americans also served his nation brilliantly.
born in Boston
went to Philadelphia as a young man and began his career as a printer
was the sole owner of a successful printing shop, and was the editor and publisher of The Pennsylvania Gazette (later The Saturday Evening Post) at twenty-four
CChhapatpert3er 4 Benjamin Franklin
Selections
my Father was impatient to have me bound8 to my Brother. I stood out some time, but at last was persuaded and signed the Indentures9, when I was yet but 12 Years old. I was to serve as an Apprentice till I was 21 Years of Age, only I was to be allow’d Journeyman’s Wages10 during the last Year. In a little time I made great Proficiency in the Business, and became a useful Hand to my Brother. I now had Access to better Books. An Acquaintance with the Apprentices of Booksellers enabled me sometimes to borrow a small one, which I was careful to return soon and clean. Often I sat up in my Room reading the greatest Part of the Night, when the Book was borrow’d in

美国文学史 Benjamin franklin

❖ The style：use of humor、simple、clear in order、 direct and concise、predome work was one of the first autobiographies in the English language
❖ The autobiography tell us today what life was like in 18th country American.
❖ Franklin’s autobiography is also a reflection of 18th century idealism.
Philade About political advocations
lphia
13 virtues
❖ Temperance 节制 ❖ Silence 缄默 ❖ Order 条例 ❖ Resolution 决心 ❖ Frugality 节俭 ❖ Industry 勤奋 ❖ Sincerity 真诚 ❖ Justice 正义
❖ Moderation 适度 ❖ Cleanliness 整洁 ❖ Tranquility 平静 ❖ Chastity 纯洁 贞操 ❖ Humility 谦逊
Why are we still reading this book over 200 years after it was written?
❖Appeared from 1732—1758 and contained information that typical almanac would contain.
❖Many aphorisms and proverbs. (eg, action speak loud than words)

美国文学史及选读 ppt课件

2. character of colonial literature a. content: religious, political b. form: diary, journal, letters, travel books,
sermons, history (personal literature) c. style: simple. direct, concise d. out of humble origins
With regard to technique one naturally thinks of the simplicity which characterizes the Puritan style of writing.
John Cotton and Roger Williams Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor 小虫小物尚扬声，难道吾便如哑子。
2. John Calvin a. predestination b. original sin and totated few
3. practical , optimistic， idealistic 4. a doctrinaire opportunist
The American Puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception was chiefly important in calling into being a literary symbolism which is distinctly American.
The Literature of Colonial America
Historical Introduction
1. colonial settlement(1607-1776) In 1492, Christopher Columbus discovered
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

bifocal
glasses
made experiment with a kite, proving that lightning was electricity
politician, public-spirited citizen, prose writer
He was the only
American to sign the founded the
It is an embodiment of Puritanism and enlightening spirits.
With it he set the form for autobiography as a genre.
Alliance with France, police force,
The Treaty of
founded a
Peace with England,
school and a
The Constitution hospital.
the great man of letters
Autobiography
It is a Puritan document -it is a record of selfexamination(自我审视) and self-improvement (自我完善)：
he believes that God helps those who help themselves and that every calling is a service to God, in order to get on in the world, one has to be industrious, frugal, and prudent.
Excerpts from Franklin's Poor Richard’s Almanac
Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.
God helps those who help themselves. Beware of little expenses: a small leak will
leak a great ship. Eat to live, and not live to eat. Be slow in choosing a Friend, slower in
changing.
Autobiography
It is regarded as one of the most important works of American literature produced during the 18th century.
Significance:
It presents a prototype（原型） of American success which inspired generations of Americans.
Popular, still well-read today, his values and style influenced lots of Americans
four documents that
first public
created the United
library,
States:
organized the
The Declaration of first fire
Independence,
department and
The Treaty of
the first paid
《自传》
Poor Richard’s Almanac 《穷
理查德历书
➢a book that is published every year giving information for that year
kept publishing for many years; includes many classical sayings:
It is an elucidation (阐 述)of the fact that Franklin was spokesman for enlightenment:
he represents American idea--- man is basically good and free by nature, endowed by God with certain inalienable(不可 剥夺的) rights of liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
--B. Franklin
America has never forgotten Benjamin Franklin because he did both.
Today, we honor Franklin as one of the Founding Fathers and as one of America’s greatest citizens.
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)
If you would not be forgotten , as soon as you are dead & rotten, either write things worth reading, or do things worth writing.
It is a record of a man rising to wealth and fame from a state of poverty and obscurity into which he was born, an account of the colorful career of America's first self-made man.
The Autobiography(13 virtues ) by
B. Franklin
1.Temperance. 节制。 8. Justice. 正直
2. Silence. 缄默。 9.Moderation.中庸
3. Order.秩序。
10.Cleanliness.整洁
4. Resolution.决断。 11.Tranquility.平静
Life and works:
printer, editor, inventor, scientist,
opened his own print shop for 20 years
published lightning
the
rod,
Pennsylvania
Gazette
Franklin
(newspaper) stove,
5. Frugality.节俭 12. Chastity节欲
6. Industry.勤勉
13.Humility. 谦逊
7. Sincerity.诚恳
Autobiography
The style: it is the pattern of Puritan simplicity, directness, and concision(言 简意赅). The narrative is lucid(易懂的), the structure is simple, the imagery is homely(朴素的).