When we can predict the response of the reacting system to changes in operating conditions (how rates and equilibrium conversion change with temperature and pressure), when we are able to compare yields for alternative designs (adiabatic versus isothermal operations, single versus multiple reactor units, flow versus batch system), and when we can estimate the economics of these various alternatives, then and only then will we feel sure that we can arrive at the design well fitted for the purpose at hand.
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Where the composition within the reactor is uniform (independent of position), the accounting may be made over the whole reactor.
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Special Case 1. Constant Density Batch and Flow Systems. This includes most liquid reactions and also those gas reactions run at constant temperature and density. Here CA and XA are related as follows: