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英语学术论文常用句型总结版1. According to previous studies, ...根据之前的研究，...2. The purpose of this study is to...本研究的目的是...3. The results indicate that...结果表明...4. Furthermore, it should be noted that...此外，值得注意的是...5. This study provides valuable insights into...本研究为...提供了有价值的见解。
6. The findings of this study have important implications for...本研究的发现对...有重要的意义。
7. It is worth mentioning that...值得一提的是...8. The limitations of this study should be acknowledged.应该承认本研究的局限性。
9. Future research should focus on...未来的研究应该关注...10. In conclusion, ...总之，...11. It can be concluded that...可以得出结论...12. This paper aims to explore...本文旨在探讨...13. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is that...这一现象的可能解释是...14. The results are consistent with previous research, indicating...结果与之前的研究一致，表明...15. The present study contributes to the literature by...本研究通过...对文献做出了贡献。
摘要常用句型及其翻译四、摘要常用句型（Sentence Patterns Used in English Abstracts）论文摘要作为一种比较严肃的文本，在内容的安排上有一定的规律，结构有比较固定的格式。
例如温哥华格式（Vancouver Format）是撰写医学英语论文摘要的基本格式，撰写其他研究领域的英语论文摘要时也可以参照。
█Basic Sentence PatternsPart I To state the purpose of the experimentsIt is the purpose of this article to …The primary purpose of this review/investigation is to …The objectives of this study were to …This report is intended to …In this study, an attempt w as made to …In order to exploreevaluatecompareinvestigate…, we/the authorsanalyzedstudiedperformedsurveyedin/among…Part ⅡTo state the background of the experimentsWe/The authors have confirmed the previous observation that …It has been reported that …Previous studies have shown that …… has/have been associated with …A few comparisons have been made between… and …Part ⅢTo state the methods of the experiments… was/were isolated…analyzedmeasuredby using…… was/were investigateddiagnosedperformedby the method of/the use of/measurement of… /with the… test/by… techniquesUsing…, we demonstrated…Using…, we found that…A recent Study by X showsindicatesdemonstratesprovesprovides information concerning…that…Part ⅣTo state the re sults of the experimentsIt was found that …… failed to show…… was/were significantly associated with/related to/correlated with…… was/were in inverse proportion to…directly proportional to…There was no strong/inverse relationship between… and…associationcorrelationThe results showed/revealed/indicated/presented that…The detailsresultsof… are presented.Part V To state the discussion and conclusion We suggest/believe/conclude/recommend that…We propose… to do …Our/These/The resultsfindingsobservationsdataresearchinvestigationsindicate that…demonstrate that…prove that…support that…provide information concerning…It is suggested/recommended/advised…On the basis of… we conclude that…From these results, it is concluded that…Recent research indicates that…六、摘要英译（Abstract Translation）在翻译英文摘要时，有以下几个问题应加以注意。
学术论文写作格式要求英文摘要常用句型1. Introduction （引言）- This paper aims to...- The purpose of this study is to...- The objective of this research is to...- This paper addresses the issue/problem of...2. Background （背景）- In recent years, there has been increasing interest in...- With the growing importance of...- Despite the extensive research on...- The existing literature has largely focused on...3. Methods （方法）- This study utilized a quantitative/qualitative research design.- Data was collected through surveys/interviews/observations.- The sample consisted of...- Statistical analysis was conducted using...4. Results （结果）- The findings of this study indicate that...- The results suggest that...- The analysis revealed that...- There is a significant correlation between...5. Discussion （讨论）- These results provide insights into...- The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of...- The present study contributes to the understanding of...- These findings are consistent with previous research in the field of...6. Conclusion （结论）- In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of...- Based on the findings, it can be concluded that...- This study provides valuable information for...- Further research is needed to explore...7. Limitations （限制）- Although this study has provided significant insights, it is not without limitations.- One limitation of this study is the small sample size.- Another limitation is the reliance on self-reported data.- Future research should address these limitations by...8. Implications （意义）- The findings of this study have practical implications for...- These results have important implications for policymakers/practitioners.- The implications of this study extend beyond the specific context of...- This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of...9. Future Directions （未来方向）- Future research should explore...- Further investigation is needed to determine...- Future studies could examine...- This research sets the stage for future research on...。
医学英语论文摘要常用句型1)表达论文内容的常用句型A 第三人称主动态①This paper(article，report)describes…本文叙述…②This paper (article)reports…本文报告…③This report(paper，article)presents…本文介绍…④This paper(article，report)discusses…本文讨论…常用的动词还有analyze(分析)，evaluate(评价)，compare(比较)，describe（描述）等。
B 第一人称主动态⑤We report(on)…我们报告…⑥We describe a case of…我们描述1例…⑦In this paper，we present…本文介绍…⑧In this paper，we report…本文报告…主语除we之外，还可用the authors(作者)等。
C 一般现在时被动语态⑨A case is reported in which…本文报告1例…⑩A study of…is reported本文报告…的研究⑧…is(are)described．本文描述…⑥In this paper．…is(are)presented．本文介绍…2)表达目的常用句型A 一般过去时、被动语态①The purpose（aim，objective） of this study was to…本研究旨在…②The goal（aim） of this investigation was to…本研究旨在…③This study was designed to…本研究旨在…④This study was undertaken to…本研究旨在…⑤This prospective study was performed to…本前瞻性研究的目的是…⑥A study to…was carried out(during) (在…期间)所作研究的目的是…⑦An attempt has been made to…为了…而作试验B 动词不定式短语To evaluate，report，investigate，study，analyze…C 一般过去时、主动语态⑧We（the authors）conducted a study to…为了…我们进行了研究⑨To determine…，we studied…为了确定…，我们研究了…⑩In an attempt to…，in an effort to…或in order to…，we carried out a pilot study…为了…，我们进行了…的初步研究表示目的的常用动词有：evaluate(评价)，examine(检查，观察)，determine(确定，查明)，elucidate(阐明)，explore(探索)，test(测试)，compare(比较)，estimate(评估)，assess(估价)，investigate(调查)等。
医学考博作文摘要模板英文回答：In my opinion, writing a medical Ph.D. essay requires a well-structured and comprehensive approach. Firstly, it is important to provide a clear introduction that highlights the significance of the research topic. This can be done by discussing the current gaps or limitations in the field and explaining how the proposed research aims to address these issues.中文回答：在我看来，撰写医学博士论文需要一个结构合理且全面的方法。
首先，重要的是提供一个清晰的引言，突出研究课题的重要性。
可以通过讨论领域中当前的差距或限制，并解释拟议的研究如何解决这些问题来实现这一点。
英文回答：The next step is to present a thorough literature review that demonstrates a deep understanding of the existing research and knowledge in the field. This can be achieved by critically analyzing and synthesizing relevant studies, identifying gaps in the literature, and explaining how the proposed research will contribute to filling these gaps.中文回答：下一步是提供一个全面的文献综述，展示对领域中现有研究和知识的深入理解。
Abstract部分是文章的浓缩与精华，整理一下5个部分常用的句型：The Stock Phrases for Stating the Background Information about the Investigation：1.Less is known about the later survival or reproduction of such persons.2.It is not known, however, whether there is a threshold weight below which morbidityand mortality are significantly greater.3.The use of systemic corticosteroids is a risk factor for the development of posteriorsubscapsular cataracts, but the association between inhaled corticosteroids andcataracts is uncertain.4.Data are limited on the attitudes and practices of physicians regarding assisting thesuicide of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease.5.Limited information is available on trends in the incidence of and mortality due tocarcinogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction.6.There is a dearth of literature in the area of the psychopharmacological management ofdepression in cancer patients.7.The role of climate has received relatively little attention.8.Previous studies have demonstrated that a small number of the 125 medical schools inthe United States receive a disproportionately large share of the research awardsgranted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) .9. A growing body of evidence suggests that electromagnetic interference may occurbetween cardiac pacemakers and wireless hand-held (cellular) telephones, posing apotential public health problem.10.Posteroventral medial pallidotomy sometimes produces striking improvement in patientswith advanced Parkinson’s disease, but the studies to date have involved small numbersof patients and short-term follow-up.The Stock Phrases for Stating the Principal Objective(s) and Scope of the Investigation：1.We tested the hypothesis that early therapy with inhaled glucocorticoids woulddecrease the frequency of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants.2.We conducted a randomized trial to evaluate early revascularization in patients withcardiogenic shock.3.We hypothesized that pre-patient charges would increase during the base year and thendecrease in subsequent years.4.We examined the relation between physicians’ experience with AIDS and the survival oftheir patients with AIDS.5.We investigated the potential role of anorexic agents and other suspected risk factorsfor primary pulmonary hypertension.6.We assessed whether the distributes of NIH research awards to medical schoolschanged between 1986 and 1977.7.We performed a study to determine whether routine testing helps reduce the incidenceof intraoperative and postoperative medical complications.8.To evaluate the relation between elective cesarean section and vertical transmission ofhuman immunodeficiency virus type ( HIV-1), we performed a meta-analysis using dataon individual patients from 15 prospective cohort studies.9.The aim of this study was to detect the extent of non-compliance with treatment ofschizophrenic patients and assess the effectiveness of the intervention program.10.The purpose of our study was to determine the value of noninvasive measurements ofthe velocity of blood flow in the fetal middle cerebral artery for the diagnosis of fetal anemia.11.This study focused on physicians’ assessments of changes in the scope of care providedby primary care physicians and their assessments of the appropriateness of the scope of the care that primary care physicians are expected to provide.12.To address this question, we studied the function of airway epithelial cells anddetermined the frequency of pulmonary symptoms in patients with systemic pseudohypoaldosteronism, a salt-losing disorder caused loss-of-function mutations in the genes for the epithelial sodium channel.The Stock Phrases for Describing the Methods Employed：1.We conducted a randomized, multicenter trial of inhaled beclomethasone or placebo in253 infants.2.We analyzed the neonatal outcomes of death.3.We conducted an observational study of9076 residents of metropolitan Worcester,Massachusetts.ing data from the Civil Registration System in Denmark, we established apopulation-based cohort of 1.75 million persons whose mothers were Danish women born between 1935 and 1978.5.Data on preterm infants (those born at 24 to 36 weeks of gestation) were analyzedseparately from data on infants delivered at term (37 or more weeks of gestation).6.Our study included periods before and after the advent of reperfusion therapy.7.The surveillance system was based on voluntary reporting with the use of a standardcase-report form.8.The children with cerebral palsy were compared with randomly selected controlchildren with respect to characteristics noted in the birth records.9.Cluster analysis was chosen as it offers a statistically sound means of delineatingnatural grouping within data.10.Medical records were reviewed for clinical data.The Stock Phrases for Summarizing the Results：1.The results of a multivariable regression analysis indicated that the patients hospitalizedduring recent study years were not at a substantially lower risk for shock than patients hospitalized in the mid-to-late 1970s.2.The incidence of cardiogenic shock remained relatively stable over time averaging 7.1percent among patients with acute myocardial infarction.3.Results suggested that the effects of stress have more to do with the characteristics ofthe work environment and overall workload than with the degree of specialization on the unit.4.Blood pressure was correlated inversely with monthly maximal temperature anddirectly with minimal humidity.5.There was no clinically significant interference when the telephone was placed in thenormal position over the ear.6.Adjusting for the use of systemic corticosteroids and other potential confounders hadlittle effect on the magnitude of the associations.7.Being on leave was found to be associated with the need for assistance withtransportation, limitations in upper-body strength, and employment in jobs requiring physical activity.8.After adjusting for these factors, the racial difference was reduced and no longerstatistically significant.9.The trial did not have sufficient statistical power to detect differences in survival tohospital discharge, which differed only slightly between the two groups.10.These associations persisted when the data were stratified according to and controlledfor 16 biologic, sociodemographic, and behavioral risk factors.11.There were no significant adverse effects of vitamin E.12.Electron microscopic analyses revealed that the cone angles of synthetic cores wereindeed quantized into the five allowed angles.The Stock Phrases for Stating the Principal Conclusion(s)：1.These findings may have relevance to human neurodevelopment disorders involvingprenatal (drug-abusing mothers) or postnatal (pediatric anesthesia) exposure to drugs that block NMDA receptors.2.This finding emphasizes the importance of achieving cures and of preventing anyonewith infectious tuberculosis.3.These findings may have implications for antihypertensive therapy in different parts ofthe world.4.These observations suggest that the core of HIV is organized on the principles of afullerene cone, in analogy to structures recently observed for elemental carbon.5.Selective manipulations of activity at these sites may offer therapeutic possibilities fortreating chronic pain.6.The discovery of this DNA demethylase should provide a basis for the molecular anddevelopmental analysis of the role of DNA methylation and demethylation.7.This new technique shows promise as a noninvasive method of diagnosing pulmonaryembolism without the need for ionizing radiation or iodinated contrast material.8.Efforts to increase the rate of surgical treatment for black patients appear to be apromising way of improving survival in this group.9. A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against IgE has potential as atreatment for subjects with moderate or severe allergic asthma.10.Our data do not support the hypothesis that everyday exercise is related to the risk ofbreast cancer.11.Our analyses suggest that the lower survival rate among black patients with early-stage,non-small-cell lung cancer, as compared with white patients, is largely explained by thelower rate of surgical treatment among blacks.12.Infliximab is an efficacious treatment for fistulas in patients with Crohn’s disease.13.High-frequency microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer is independently predictiveof a relatively favorable outcome and, in addition, reduces the likelihood of metastases.。
