unit 1 Grammar-infinitive完美版

In the book, Hawking explains both what it means to be a scientist and how science works.
subject
Scientists look at the world and try to describe and explain what they see.
定语 (attribute)
sth. to eat ( eat sth.) a room to live in (live in a room)
状语 (adverbial)
I’m pleased to meet you. （原因状语)
in order to = so as to = to （目的状语）
adverbial
People who listen to Hawking’s lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him, because his thoughts and ideas often seem as large as the universe he is trying to describe.
主语 (subject)
It is kind of you to help me. （形容词修饰人，用of）
It is important for you to study English. （形容词修饰动词不定式， 用for）
宾语 (object)
I found it important to study English. （形式宾语）
object
Readers were pleased and surprised to find that a scientist could write about his work in a way that ordinary people could understand. adverbial
I went to the station only to find the train had gone.
（结果状语）
表语 (predicative)
在系动词后面：
seem, be, become, look, sound, taste, smell, feel
One day, your doctor tells you that you have an incurable disease and may not have more than twelve months to live.
object
带“to”的短语不一定都是 动词不定式，比如
according to, stick to, listen
to, pay attention to, lead to, look forward to等。“to” 在上述短语中作介词，后 接名词，代词或动名词。
exercises
风，没有衣裳；时间，没有居所；它们是拥有全世界的两个穷人生活不只眼前的苟且，还有诗和远方的田野。你赤手空拳来到人世间，为了心中的那片海不顾一切。 运动太多和太少，同样的损伤体力；饮食过多与过少，同样的损伤健康；唯有适度可以产生、增进、保持体力和健康。 秋水无痕聆听落叶的情愫红尘往事呢喃起涟
adverbial
He continued his exploration of the universe and traveled around the world to give lectures.
adverbial
Since then, Hawking has continued to seek answer to questions about the nature of the universe.
Grammar
Infinitive
动词不定式的形式 For not to do to be done to have done
动词不定式的作用
Functions of Infinitive
主语 (subject) 宾语 (object) 表语 (predicative) 定语 (attribute) 状语 (adverbial)
object
To explain what they have seen, they build a theory about the way in which things happen and the causes and effects.
adverbial
But if, like Hawking, they are studying something that is too large or too difficult to observe directly, they will use a model to test the theory.
attribute
There did not seem much point in working on my PhD --- I did not expect to survive that long.
object
But in order to get married, I needed a job, and in order to get a job, I needed a PhD.
漪无数心口无语奢望灿烂的孤独明月黄昏遍遍不再少年路岁月极美，在于它必然的流逝。
春花、秋月、夏日、冬雪。 你必汗流满面才得糊口，直到你归了土；因为你是从土而出的。你本是尘土，仍要归于尘土。 我始终相信，开始在内心生活得更严肃 的人，也会在外表上开始生活得更朴素。在一个奢华浪费的年代，我希望能向世界表明，人类真正需要的的东西是非常之微少的。世界上的事情，最忌讳的就是个 十全十美，你看那天上的月亮，一旦圆满了，马上就要亏厌；树上的果子，一旦熟透了，马上就要坠落。凡事总要稍留欠缺，才能持恒。 只有经历过地狱般的磨砺， 才能练就创造天堂的力量；只有流过血的手指，才能弹出世间的绝响。时光只顾催人老，不解多情，长恨离亭，滴泪春衫酒易醒。梧桐昨夜西风急，淡月朦胧，好 梦频惊，何处高楼雁一声？ 如果你长时间盯着深渊，深渊也会盯着你。 所有的结局都已写好 所有的泪水也都已启程 却忽然忘了是怎么样的一个开始 在那个古老 的不再回来的夏日 无论我如何地去追索 年轻的你只如云影掠过 而你微笑的面容极浅极淡 逐渐隐没在日落后的群岚 遂翻开那发黄的扉页 命运将它装订得极为拙劣 含着泪 我一读再读 却不得不承认青春是一本太仓促的书 记忆是无花的蔷薇，永远不会败落。 我也要求你读书用功，不是因为我要你跟别人比成就，而是因为，我