美国文化试卷

Part I. True or False (20’)1.The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme law of the UnitedStates.2.The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, commonly referred to as theArticles of Confederation, was the first constitution of the thirteen United States of America.3.The United States Capitol is a building that serves as the seat of government for theUnited States Congress, the legislative branch of the U.S federal government. It is located in Washington, D. C. on top of Capitol Hill at the eastern end of the National Mall.4.Elections for President and Vice President of the United States are indirect electionsin which voters cast ballots for a slate of electors of the U.S. Electoral College, who in turn directly elect the President and Vice President.5.The Democratic Party is one of two major political parties in the United States. It is theoldest political party in the United States and among the oldest in the world.6.Over 60% of Americans are said to be Protestant believers.7.Mark Twain—Father of American Literature8.The most popular team sports in the U.S.A. — baseball, football, and basketball — areboth spectator sports and participatory sports.9.In the aftermath of World War I, many novelists produced a literature ofdisillusionment(幻灭). Some lived abroad. They were known as the “Lost Generation”.The two most representative writers of the “Lost Generation”were Hemingway and Fitzgerald.10.Rocky mountains are the largest mountains in U.S.Part II. Filling Blanks (2’*10=20’)1. 6.2. 7.3. 8.4. 9.5. 10.Part III. Mapping (1’*10=10’)2 3 456 789101Part IV. Vocabulary and Phrase Translation (1’*10=10’)1.Stars and Stripes2.core American values3.Manifest4.Gilded Age5.The Great Depression6.Cold War7.the Republican and the Democratic8.immigration9.Protestant and Catholic10.soap operaPart V. Answering Questions (2’*20=40’)1. Being a nation of immigrants, the United States has been compared to, metaphorically, a “melting pot,”a “salad bowl,”or even a “mosaic.”Which one do you think could be theAmerican label?2. What were the contradictions between the Federalists and the Republicans?答案Part I. True or False (20’)1-10 TTTTT TTTTTPart II. Filling Blanks (2’*10=20’)Part III. Mapping (1’*10=10’)Part IV. Vocabulary and Phrase Translation (1’*10=10’)11.Stars and Stripes 星条旗12.core American values 核心美国价值观13.Manifest 表明，显示14.Gilded Age 镀金时代15.The Great Depression 大萧条16.Cold War 冷战17.the Republican and the Democratic 共和党与民主党18.immigration 移民19.Protestant and Catholic 清教与天主教20.soap opera 肥皂剧，电视剧Part V. Answering Questions (2’*20=40’)Yes, they do.The population of the United States includes a large variety of ethnic groups coming from many races, nationalities, and religions. The process by which these many groups have been made a part of a common cultural life with commonly shared values is calledassimilation. Scholars disagree as to the extent to which assimilation has occurred in theUnited States.Some have described the United States as a "melting pot" where various racial and ethnic groups have been combined into one culture. Others are inclined to see the United States as a "salad bowl" where the various groups have remained somewhat distinct and different from one another, creating a richly diverse country.Perhaps the United States will be described not as a "melting pot" or a "salad bowl" but as a "mosaic"—a picture made up of many tiny pieces of different colors. If one looks closely at the nation, the individuals of different colors and ethnic groups are still distinct and recognizable, but together they create a picture that is uniquely American. As a nation which is composed of many, the motto of the United States is "Out of many, one."2. The Federalists were a powerful and wealthy party, made up mostly of northeastern merchants and entrepreneurs from the upper class. While the Republicans, known as the "party of the common man," were made up of southern planters.The Federalists were influential in New England and the northern part of the United States where big business thrived. In terms of political thought, the Federalists believed in strong government leadership and a loose constructionist interpretation of the Constitution, meaning that key philosophies were implied by or simply understood by the wording of the Constitution, and thus could be adapted to the day-to-day running of the government. They also supported improved relations with England over France.In contrast, the Republicans, known as the "party of the common man," were made up of farmers, small businessmen, and laborers, and influenced the southern and western parts of the United States, where agriculture was strong. The Republicans adopted a strict constructionist interpretation of the Constitution, meaning that if an issue wasn't written or referred to directly in the Constitution then the federal government had no authority to regulate or manage those affairs.。