初中英语定语从句用法及配套练习
- 格式:doc
- 大小:36.00 KB
- 文档页数:4
初中定语从句练习(答案)一、定语从句简介定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,用来修饰一个名词或代词,进一步说明其特征或性质。
在初中英语学习中,定语从句的掌握对于提高语言表达能力至关重要。
下面是一些常见的初中定语从句练习题及答案。
二、练习题及答案1. The girl ____ sister is my best friend.答案:whose2. The book, _____ cover is green, is mine.答案:whose3. The boy ____ bicycle was stolen is crying.答案:whose4. The policeman ____ helped us find the way.答案:who5. The student ____ has lived here for three years is from Canada.答案:who6. The car ____ is quite expensive belongs to my father.答案:which7. The man ____ was sitting next to me was very friendly.答案:who8. The lady ____ bag was stolen yesterday was very upset.答案:whose9. The house ____ windows were broken is abandoned.答案:whose10. The boy ____ is wearing glasses is my classmate.答案:who11. The restaurant, _____ food is delicious, is always crowded.答案:whose12. The park, ____ we went to last weekend, is beautiful.答案:which13. The woman ____ son is a doctor works at the hospital.答案:whose14. The movie ____ I watched last night was fantastic.答案:which15. The cat ____ is black is sleeping on the sofa.答案:which16. The teacher ____ class is over is leaving the classroom.答案:whose17. The girl ____ I talked to is my cousin.答案:whom18. The hospital, ____ we visited yesterday, is very modern.答案:which19. The cat ____ is chasing the mouse is my pet.答案:which20. The boy ____ parents are doctors wants to be a doctor too.答案:whose三、练习题解析1. 在这句话中,定语从句修饰"girl",表示"这个女孩的姐姐是我的最好的朋友"。
可编辑修改精选全文完整版中考定语从句讲解与练习一、定语从句的概述在复合句中修饰或限定名词、代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰或限定的名词、代词叫做先行词;引导定语从句的词叫做引导词。
定语从句放在所修饰、限定的词(先行词)之后。
例1:The boy who is reading a story book is my brother. 那个正在读一本故事书的男孩是我的兄弟。
在这句话中,who is reading a story book.是定语从句。
它修饰、限定the boy,the boy是先行词,引导定语从句的who是引导词。
二、定语从句的分类:定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面,用来说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况,与先行词的关系非常密切,翻译时一般要译到先行词的前面;如果去掉,则整个句子的意思含混不清。
A doctor is a person who looks after people's health. 医生是照顾人们健康的人。
2. 非限制性定语从句起到补充说明作用,译为汉语时常不译作定语,而是根据句意译为相应的其他形式的从句。
它与主句的关系不如限制性定语从句密切,只是对先行词作附加说明,既使去掉,主句的意思依然清楚。
非限制性定语从句前往往有逗号与主句隔开,如非限制性定语从句放在句子中间,其前后都需要用逗号与隔开。
Yesterday, Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed two years.昨天,吉米动身到加拿大去了,他曾在那儿呆了两年。
三、定语从句的引导词引导定语从句的词称为引导词,它一方面连接先行词和定语从句;别一方面又在定语从句中充当句子成份,引导词一般不能按照疑问代词或疑问副词的意义进行翻译,一般情况下应译为“……的”。
定语从句的引导词可为分为关系代词和关系副词。
中学英语定语从句练习题40题含答案解析1.The man ______ is wearing a black suit is my teacher.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A。
“The man”是人,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词用who。
whom 一般在定语从句中作宾语;that 既可以指人也可以指物,但在此处不如who 更明确表示是人且作主语;which 只能指物。
2.The book ______ I bought yesterday is very interesting.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案解析:A 和B。
“The book”是物,关系代词that 和which 都可以用来指物。
who 和whom 只能指人,不适用。
3.The girl ______ he is looking at is very beautiful.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A 和C。
“The girl”是人,在定语从句中作宾语,关系和that 更常用;which 只能指物。
4.The woman ______ he talked to is his mother.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A 和B 和C。
“The woman”是人,在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词用who、whom 或that。
which 只能指物。
5.The pen ______ is on the desk is mine.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案解析:A 和B。
“The pen”是物,关系代词that 和which 都可以用来指物。
who 和whom 只能指人,不适用。
6.The boy ______ won the first prize is very happy.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A 和C。
初一英语定语从句练习题20题含答案解析1.The man who/that is standing there is my teacher.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose答案解析:A 和B 都可以。
关系代词who 和that 都可以用来指人,在本句中,先行词是man,既可以用who 也可以用that。
C 选项which 通常用来指物,不符合。
D 选项whose 表示所属关系,不符合。
2.The book which/that I bought yesterday is very interesting.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose答案解析:B 和C 都可以。
关系代词which 和that 都可以用来指物,在本句中,先行词是book,既可以用which 也可以用that。
A 选项who 用来指人,不符合。
D 选项whose 表示所属关系,不符合。
3.The dog which/that is running after the cat is very cute.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose答案解析:B 和C 都可以。
关系代词which 和that 都可以用来指物或动物,在本句中,先行词是dog,既可以用which 也可以用that。
A 选项who 用来指人,不符合。
D 选项whose 表示所属关系,不符合。
4.The girl who/that has long hair is my classmate.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose答案解析:A 和B 都可以。
关系代词who 和that 都可以用来指人,在本句中,先行词是girl,既可以用who 也可以用that。
C 选项which 通常用来指物,不符合。
D 选项whose 表示所属关系,不符合。
5.The pen which/that I am using is blue.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose答案解析:B 和C 都可以。
九年级英语定语从句练习题30题含答案解析1.This is the man _____ helped me yesterday.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词man 在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可以用who 或者that。
whom 只能在定语从句中作宾语。
2.The girl _____ I met at the party is very friendly.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A、B 和C。
先行词girl 在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词可以用who、whom 或者that。
但是who 更常用作主语,whom 更常用作宾语,that 既可以作主语也可以作宾语。
3.The teacher _____ we all respect is very kind.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A、B 和C。
先行词teacher 在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词可以用who、whom 或者that。
4.The man _____ is sitting over there is my uncle.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词man 在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可以用who 或者that。
whom 只能在定语从句中作宾语。
5.The woman _____ I talked to just now is a doctor.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A、B 和C。
先行词woman 在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词可以用who、whom 或者that。
6.The boy _____ won the first prize is very happy.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词boy 在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可以用who 或者that。
whom 只能在定语从句中作宾语。
7.The singer _____ songs are very popular is coming to our city.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
初二英语定语从句练习题20题含答案解析1.The man ______ is wearing a blue shirt is my teacher.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:A。
“who”在定语从句中作主语,指人。
本句中“is wearing a blue shirt”缺少主语,且先行词“man”是人,所以用“who”。
“whom”在定语从句中作宾语;“whose”表示所属关系。
2.The girl ______ I met yesterday is very kind.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:B。
“whom”在定语从句中作宾语。
本句中“I met yesterday”缺少宾语,且先行词“girl”是人,所以用“whom”。
“who”作主语;“whose”表示所属关系。
3.The woman ______ son is a doctor is very proud.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:C。
“whose”在定语从句中表示所属关系。
本句中“son”与先行词“woman”是所属关系,即“女人的儿子”,所以用“whose”。
“who”作主语;“whom”作宾语。
4.The boy ______ we saw in the park is playing basketball now.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:A。
“who”在定语从句中作主语。
本句中“we saw in the park”缺少主语,且先行词“boy”是人,所以用“who”。
“whom”作宾语;“whose”表示所属关系。
5.The teacher ______ class is very interesting is popular among students.A.whoB.whomC.whose答案解析:C。
“whose”在定语从句中表示所属关系。
中考英语定语从句关系词用法辨析练习题30题(带答案)1. I like the book ____ tells an interesting story.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. whose答案:B解析:先行词是“the book”,表示物。
关系词在定语从句中作主语,指物时用which或that,这里选项A“who”用于指人,选项C“whom”在定语从句中作宾语且指人,选项D“whose”表示所属关系,所以选B。
2. The man ____ I met yesterday is my teacher.A. whichB. whoC. whomD. whose答案:B解析:先行词是“the man”,指人。
关系词在从句中作met的宾语,虽然whom也可指人作宾语,但在口语中who也可代替whom,这里which不能指人,whose表示所属关系,所以选B。
3. This is the city ____ I was born.A. whereC. whoD. that答案:A解析:先行词是“the city”,表示地点。
关系词在从句中作地点状语,表达“在这个城市出生”,所以用where。
which在从句中作主语或宾语,who用于指人,that在从句中作主语或宾语,所以不选B、C、D。
4. I still remember the day ____ we first met.A. whenB. whichC. whoD. that答案:A解析:先行词是“the day”,表示时间。
关系词在从句中作时间状语,所以用when。
which在从句中作主语或宾语,who用于指人,that 在从句中作主语或宾语,所以不选B、C、D。
5. The girl ____ hair is long is my sister.A. whoB. whichC. whoseD. that解析:先行词是“the girl”,关系词后的“hair”和先行词存在所属关系,即“女孩的头发”,表示所属关系用whose。
九年级英语定语从句练习题50题含答案解析1.This is the book which/that I bought yesterday.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose答案解析:C。
先行词是book,是物,在定语从句中作宾语,所以用which 或that。
A 选项who 用于先行词是人时;D 选项whose 表示所属关系。
2.The man who/that is standing there is my teacher.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whose答案解析:A。
先行词是man,是人,在定语从句中作主语,所以用who 或that。
B 选项which 用于先行词是物时;D 选项whose 表示所属关系。
3.The house which/that we live in is very old.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose答案解析:C。
先行词是house,是物,在定语从句中作宾语,所以用which 或that。
A 选项who 用于先行词是人时;D 选项whose 表示所属关系。
4.The girl who/that has long hair is my sister.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whose答案解析:A。
先行词是girl,是人,在定语从句中作主语,所以用who 或that。
B 选项which 用于先行词是物时;D 选项whose 表示所属关系。
5.The pen which/that I lost yesterday was red.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose答案解析:C。
先行词是pen,是物,在定语从句中作宾语,所以用which 或that。
A 选项who 用于先行词是人时;D 选项whose 表示所属关系。
6.The boy who/that is playing basketball is very tall.A.whoB.whichD.whose答案解析:A。
中考英语定语从句练习题30题含答案解析1.This is the book ____ I bought yesterday.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案解析:A 和B。
本题考查定语从句关系代词的用法。
先行词是book( 物),关系代词可以用that 或which。
who 和whom 用于指人,不符合本题。
2.The man ____ is talking to my teacher is my father.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which答案解析:A 和C。
先行词是man( 人),在定语从句中作主语,关系代词可以用who 或that。
whom 用于先行词在从句中作宾语,which 用于指物,不符合本题。
3.The girl ____ I met at the party is very friendly.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which语时可以用whom,作主语时可以用who 或that。
which 用于指物,不符合本题。
4.The house ____ we live in is very old.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案解析:A 和B。
先行词是house( 物),关系代词可以用that 或which。
who 和whom 用于指人,不符合本题。
5.The movie ____ we watched last night was very interesting.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whom答案解析:A 和B。
先行词是movie( 物),关系代词可以用that 或which。
who 和whom 用于指人,不符合本题。
6.The teacher ____ teaches us English is very kind.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which语,关系代词可以用who 或that。
八年级英语定语从句的关系词练习题30题含答案解析1.The man ____ is wearing a hat is my teacher.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
本题中先行词是man,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词who 和that 都可以指人且在从句中作主语。
whom 只能在从句中作宾语,不符合本题要求。
2.The girl ____ I met yesterday is very kind.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词是girl,在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词who 和that 都可以指人,在本题中作宾语时也可以用whom,但选项中没有whom。
3.The woman ____ we saw at the park is a famous singer.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词是woman,在定语从句中作宾语,关系代词who 和that 都可以指人且在从句中作主语。
whom 只能在从句中作宾语,不符合本题要求。
4.The boy ____ won the first prize is very happy.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词是boy,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词who 和that 都可以指人且在从句中作主语。
whom 只能在从句中作宾语,不符合本题要求。
5.The teacher ____ teaches us English is very patient.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
先行词是teacher,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词who 和that 都可以指人且在从句中作主语。
whom 只能在从句中作宾语,不符合本题要求。
6.The man ____ I talked to is a doctor.A.whoB.whomC.that答案解析:A 和C。
初中英语定语从句用法及配套练习一、定语从句的概念❀定语从句:定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,其作用相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
先行词:定语从句所修饰的词称为先行词关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
先行词关系词❀定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
(1)限制性定语:a从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开b从句不可省去,否则句意含糊不清(2)非限制性定语从句:a主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用b如省去,主句意思依然清楚。
eg:There is somebody here who wants to speak to you.这里有人要和你说话。
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理•史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
关系词词形所修饰的先行词在从句中所充当的成分关系代词who 人主语、宾语、表语whom 人宾语which 物主语、宾语、表语that 人或物主语、宾语、表语whose 人或物定语关系副词when 时间名词时间状语where 地点名词地点状语why 原因名词原因状语三、关系代词的用法1、who,whom二者都用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语(可省略)。
在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。
例如:eg:The girl who often helps me with myEnglish is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。
(作主语)eg:Who is the teacher (whom)Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)eg:Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the supermarket.(直接跟在介词后面,不能用who,只能用whom,且不能省略)昨天,我碰到了一些一起逛过超市的朋友。
2、whose的用法whose一般指人,但有时也指物。
在从句中作定语。
eg:Do you know the girl whose French is excellent?你认识那个法语非常好的姑娘吗?Please pass me the book whose cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
(= Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.)3、whichwhich用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
eg:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。
(作主语)The film (which)we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
(作宾语)4、thatthat既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
指人时可与who、whom互换,指物时可与which互换。
在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略,不可直接跟在介词后面作宾语。
eg:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that作主语)The coat (that)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that作宾语)5、asas引导定语从句主要用于两种结构:①用于as we all know类句型中,②用于such...as...,the same...as...等固定结构中。
(1)as用于as we all know等句式中eg:She is very patient, as is shown in her work. (作主语)她很耐心,正如她工作中所表现出来的一样。
1There was a supermarket around here, as I remember. (作宾语)我记得这儿附近有一家超市。
Things are not the same as they used to be.(作表语)事情变得和以前不一样了。
(2)as用于such...as...等句式中as引导定语从句常出现于such...as...,the same...as... ,so...as...,as...as...中eg:It’s the same person as we wanted to find yesterday .(作宾语)我们昨天要找的是同一个人。
Such girls as he knows are good at English. (作宾语)他所认识的女孩都擅长英语。
Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected.(作主语)那些对世界做出极大贡献的人应当受到极大的尊重。
You can take as many candies as you want.(第二个as在定语从句中作宾语)你想拿多少糖果就拿多少。
☃注意:(1)有些“动词+介词”习语如look after,look for,call on等不可把介词提前。
eg:This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。
(2)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。
例如:eg:The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
(3)关系词只能用that的情况:a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.eg:He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.eg:Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?c.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last,little,few ,all,any,much,many等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.eg:This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that,而不用which.I can remember well the persons and some pictures thatI saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.eg:Who is the girl that is crying?正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.eg:There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
❈主句是there be 结构,关系代词在从句中指人时,宜用who(4)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:a.先行词为that,those时,用which,而不用that.例如:eg:What’s that which is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:eg:This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which,而不用that.例如:eg:Tom came back,which made us happy.汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
四、关系副词的用法(1)whenwhen指时间,其先行词表示时间,when在句中作时间状语。
eg:This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
❈when通常不能省略,但有一种特殊情况,即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。
eg:That was the year (that) I first went abroad.就是那一年我第一次出国。
I’ll never forget t he day (that) we met.我永远也忘不了我们见面的那一天。
(2)wherewhere指地点,其先行词表示地点,where在句中作地点状语。
eg:This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
2❈where通常不能省略,但有一种特殊情况,即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。
eg:This is the place (where) they met yesterday.这就是他们昨天碰头的地方。
Have you somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour?你有没有一个什么地方可以让我躺一个小时?(3)whywhy指原因,其先行词是原因,why起原因状语作用。
例如:eg:Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。