综合教程第二册练习答案unit6thediaryoftheunknownsoldier

大学英语综合教程2unit6课后翻译练习题（附答案）第一篇：大学英语综合教程2 unit6 课后翻译练习题(附答案) Unit61.其他人在厨房里准备食物的时候，我们被要求去布置花园。

（assign）Our group was assigned to decorate the garden while the others were preparing the food in the kitchen.2.那位年轻人在战场上意外地遇到失散已久的兄弟，惊喜不已。

（out of the blue）On the battlefield the young man was delighted to meet a long-lost brother who came out of the blue.3.谁把牛奶用完了？我咖啡里没奶可放了。

（use up）Who has used up the milk? There is none to put in my coffee.4.有谣传说，博物馆里的这幅画是赝品，原画已于三年前被盗。

（fake rumour has it that）Rumor has it that this painting is fake and that the original one was stolen three years ago.5.你单枪匹马也许不能改变什么，但是我们大家一起努力，我们国家的面貌就会大不相同。

（make a difference）One person may not be able to change much, but working together we’ll be able to make great difference to our country.6.许多入室盗窃案之所以发生，是因为主人没有采取预防措施关锁门窗。

（burglaryprecaution）Many burglaries took place because the owner failed to take the precaution of locking their doors and windows.7.为了避免爆发内战，这位部长飞到前线，和**分子谈判。

Listen and RespondTask One Focusing on the Main IdeasChoose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.1The speaker believes that our success in life lies in________. A) working well with other peopleB) being a great player in a teamC) working with a great player like MichaelJordan D) performing a specific role in ateam2The speaker cites Michael Jordan as an example because________. A) Michael Jordan plays a very important role in ateamB) he wants to convince people of the importance ofteam work C) great players are vital for a teamD) Michael Jordan is an inspiring example of success3According to the speaker, the concept of teamwork is widely applied in many places EXCEPT ________.A) in school B) in the workplaceC) in sports D) in arts4 It is the speaker ’ s opinion that if you want to become a successful collegestudent you need to ________.A) work hard at your courses B) do some lab workC) cooperate well with others D) do some projectsTask Two Zooming In on the DetailsListen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks accordingto what you have heard.1 Though Michael Jordan is a great player, he still has to c ooperate well with histeam members to win a game. Because every member of his team has a veryspecific role , and every member of the team is vital to the success of the team.2 In the workplace, it is important to be regarded as a team player, for no oneperson can build a railroad or manage an airline. Success in school can also rely on teamwork .3 Being social creatures, we can ’ t escape having toeambe players .Read and ExploreTask One Discovering the Main Ideas1 Answer the following questions with the information contained inText A.1)Why is it an essential requirement of any employment that anypotential employee is a team player?Because any employment involves more than one person, it is essentialthat any employee should work well with other people.2)What does being a team player mean on the deeper level?On a deeper level, being a team player means being able to play a role in the team, to achieve and support the goals set and agreed upon by the team.3) What is the duty of the team captain?The duty of the team captain is to give direction to the team, in strategy, motivation and inspiration while also playing a role as a member of the team.4)Why should a leader of a corporate team have the loyalty of itsmembers? Because if the team is not loyal to the leader, the teammembers will not listen to the leader and the objectives of thecompany would not be achieved.5)Why is― oneness ‖ a necessarypartof the corporate culture?Because the success of the team relies completely on every member of the teamperforming their roles and responsibilities for the same corporate goals or objectives.6) How should a competent leader deal with a team member s new idea? ’A competent leader should not let ego affect his judgment on whether the ideais acceptable or not.7)If the idea of a team member is found inappropriate, how shouldhe or she react properly?He or she should not take the rejection of the idea personally. Instead,he or she should accept others' opinion and still carry out his or herduty.2 Text A can be divided into three parts with the paragraph number(s)of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of eachpart.Part: One; Paragraph(s): 1- 2; Main Idea: It is an essential requirement of any employment that any potential employee is a team player.Part: Two; Paragraph(s): 3 –11; Main Idea: A company is just like a football team. Every member has the duty tochieve the team ’ s goal and the right help ato offer ideas.Part: Three; Paragraph(s): 12 –15; Main Idea: I f you are not happy in yourworking environment, try to find out if there is anything wrong with you or your team.Task Two Reading Between the LinesRead the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.1) If there is one player missing, t he team is handicapped . (Para. 4) ..., the team cannot function properly.2) Egos do not play any part inteamwork.There is no room for ego in a team.(Para. 5)3)In every action of the team, the objectives of the company, and / or, business strategy, MUST be first and foremost . (Para. 8)... is undoubtedly the most important. (The objectives of the company ought to be considered the most important.)4) It does not mean that you should merely follow theherd. (Para. 9)... do just what everyone else does.5) If your leader or team members see that you can handle rejection of yourideas in a mature manner, it is only to your own credit . (Para. 10)... it is only to your advantage. / ... it is only in your favour.Checking Your VocabularyWord Detective1 Choose the definition in Column B that best matches each italicized word in Column A.1)i2)c3)f4)e5)a6)h7)d8)b2 The italicized word in each sentence is taken from Text B, with the paragraph number stated. Choose the word in brackets which isclosest in meaning to the italicized word.1)Laszlo Biro invented the ball-point pen. (Para. 2) (made, created, discovered) created2) He needs to learn how to curb his temper. (Para. 4) (control, lose, show)control3) Nothing can alter the fact that your children are your own responsibility. (Para. 9) (hide, reveal, change) change4) Progress has been made towards a political compromise between the two nations. (Para. 10) (promise, decision, agreement) a greement5) That gentleman responded to her cursing with g racious humour. (Para. 11) (polite, unkind, funny) polite3 Find in Text B the phrases or expressions which would completethe sentences with the help of the clues. Write the answers into thecorrect space of the puzzle that follows. If you have written in thecorrect words, you will discover a hidden vertical word that means“ work or act together for a shared purpose ” . What is the hidden word?1) In the business world, things change day to day ( 日复一日不间断地 ). You never know what ’ s going to happen tomorrow. (Para. 2)2) Conventional wisdom (一般人的看法 ) has it that practice makes perfect and that expertise is the natural outcome of years of practice. (Para. 4)3) After a hard mental struggle, he owned up to (承认 ) his error. (Para.13)4) At the very least (最起码而言 ), you have learned something from your repeated failures; so don lose hear’t. (Para. 2)5) A wise leader tends to praise in public and criticize inprivate( 私下 ). (Para.11)6) Today ’ s discussion is all about opportunity the opportunities —to open doors to new opportunities and to pave the way for (为⋯铺平道路 ) future success.(Para. 11)7) He seems to entertain no concept of teamwork and always gets his way (随心所欲 ). (Para. 10)8) It took me a long time to take in ( 理解 ) what you said to me the other day.(Para. 12)The hidden word is COOPERATE.Checking Your Comprehension1 Answer the following questions with the information contained inText B.1) What is the basic meaning of being a member of a team?The basic meaning of being a member of a team is that you have the social skillsto have open, productive relationships with other workers so that collectivelyyou can all get done what you need to get done.2)Why is it difficult to manage emotions and translate them intoeffective communication?Because managing one ’ s emotions has a lot to do with theworknvironment, one ’ s personality and the personalities of others onthe team.3) What is the conventional meaning of being ― professional ‖?The conventional meaning of being ― professional ‖ is curbing one ’ s twords and conforming to the office norm.4) What might be the effect of curbing one ’ s emotion in the office according to Jeffrey Sanchez-Burks?In his view, curbing one ’ s emotions in the office can be harmful to productivity.5) How important is flexibility to team players?Flexibility is a key trait that every team player needs to develop if he or shewants to be successful.6) How can one be honest and also gracious in a team?According to some psychologists, one of the ways is to compliment coworkersand subordinates in public but criticize them in private. This also means accepting feedback from others and letting your defenses down when youlisten.7)What might be the result if you make a mistake and shift theblame onto others?The result might be that the other members would not trust youand your integrity any longer.8) Why is it necessary to know one ’ s strengths and weaknesses in a team?Because in a team everyone has his or her strengths and weaknesses, and onlyin a team can one find it easier to know one d weaknesses’strengths. anContrasting personalities and skills can complement each other and help buildup a good team.2 In Text B there are some ideas that industrial psychologists adviseus to keep in mind when we are working as a team. Find out theinformation andcomplete the following table. The first one has beendone for you.Key Idea What Should You Do?Flexibility Alter your strategies to deal with unexpected circumstances.Compromise Learn to listen to those in the team, particularly thosewho don ’ t agree with you.Complimentary Criticism Compliment coworkers and subordinates in public,but criticize in private. Accept feedback fromothers and let your defenses down when youlisten.Physical Cues Use body language to show that you are not only listeningto a person, but that you are really taking it in.Own Up to It Strong and Weak Acknowledge your mistake. Don ’ t shift the blame ontoothers or make excuses for failure.Know your own strengths and weaknesses and also those of your coworkers.Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.1) This report is written from the viewpointof a psychologist and it providessome deep insights into the outlook and expectations of today our country. ’ s young peo2) After making some conventional opening remarks, she made an inspiringspeech on environment protection.3) The villagers are not m erely satisfied with enough food to eat. They are alsoeager to learn modern advanced skills for farming.4)Since it is valid to ask for sick leave, he often uses it as an excuse forstaying away from school.5) Building a healthy and productive workplace relationship is the key to improving productivity.6) The TOEFL is designed to assess the English proficiency(水平 ,熟练程度 ) forthose who intend to study abroad.7) A firm belief in yourself is all that isneeded to you alone can change it. alter your life. No one except8) At 15, he left his hometown to look for e mployment in the city because he hadto support the whole family.9)Being competent means being more successful or better thansomebody else who is trying to do the same as you.10)The objective of college education is to provide the youngwith an opportunity to learn how to educate themselvesthroughout their lives.11)Some of my friends are experts in this regard. From them youcan seek professional advice on the issue.12) The only real security( 安全感 ) that a man will have in this world is a reserveof knowledge, experience, and ability.13)He isn ’ t goingshiftto his responsibility to anyone else. Instead, heis going to handle the problem himself.14) We need to look for ways to make things safer, but we shouldndismiss an ’ tidea because it isn ’ t 100% safe.15) You must not take her criticisms of your plan personally . Actually, what shesaid does make sense to us all.16)The ability to keep calm in a dangerous or critical situation isone of her many strengths .17) The name of DallasMavericks(达拉斯小牛队) reflects Texas ’ cowboy(牛仔)past. A ―maverick‖ is a rebellious person who refuses to obey socialnorms .2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned inthis unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how touse them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing theblank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.1) You must keep some money i nreserve because you may need it for some unexpected expenses.2) To his credit , he won the first place in the 1000-meter race in spite of his illness.3) In view of the late hour, we ’ ll have to put off that discussion untilour nextmeeting.4) I wish you were here now, so that I might thank you in person .5) Since what he says sounds logical, I my own.take up ’ dhislikesuggestionto anddrop6) He is a man of creative thinking and hates to follow the herd in everything he does.7) We must assess / judge each plan with fairness and on its (own) merits , notaccording to our personal preference.8) Be flexible and you won’ t be taken by surprise when something in yourlife takes an unexpected turn.Increasing Your Word Power1 Fill in each blank in the following sentences with a properpreposition, paying attention to the collocations of verbs andprepositions.1) I suggested that the secretary should adapt herselfto the new conditions inthe company.2) Their proposal was not in line with ours. So we failed to agree on the issue oflong-term cooperation.3) Nobody owes anybody a living, but everybody is entitled to a chance.4) At first her parents worried about her safety and disapproved of her going toAfrica all by herself.5) If you are a member of our club, you must conform to the rules of our club.6) The success of the project relies on good teamwork, so we should try our bestto cooperate well with other departments of our company.7)Do not confine your children to communicate and interactto your home environment; they must learn how with others outside your home.8) Public attention at the moment is focused on the environmental problem.9) Joe is not good at languages, but when it comes to mathematics he ’ s the bestin the class.10) At first she didn ’ t realize that her youth utyandwouldbea expose her to somany dangers in the war.2 We can use many different adjectives to describe physical size,such as big, large, huge, enormous, tall, etc. But when we talk aboutsomething that is not physical, we tend to choose adjectives that canintensify the meaning of a noun. In such cases, we need to keep inmind that different nouns need different adjectives to intensify them.Now study the adjectives in the box below and decide which one canbest complete each of the following sentences.1) After the meeting he went slowly back to his dorm in deep thought.2) The operation was a total success and she left the hospital a week later.3) On our way back home from the subway( 地铁 ) station, we got caught in a heavy shower( 阵雨 ).4) If you want to achieve a high goal, you will have to take some chances.5) After his mother died, Peter fell into a deep depression( 沮丧 ).6)Fortunately, the teacher had a strong sense of humor and laughedat the practical joke.7)She always had high expectations of her staff; no wonder they won anaward for their good teamwork.8) We arrived home two hours late because of the h eavy traffic.9) We used to have a very close friendship but things have changed recently.10) The film was boring; it was a t otal waste of time.3 Word BuildingIn English, the prefixes co- , con- and com- all mean “ together;” , withand they are used to form new words, as is shown in the followingtable.meaning in Column B. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.1)e2)h3)j4)b5)k6)g7)a8)m9)f10)d11)i12)c13)lGrammar in ContextTask 1: Study the following sentences and reflect on the use of conditional clauses, paying special attention to the use of verbtenses.Now fill in each of the following blanks with the proper form of theverb given in brackets.1) The little boy was not aware of the danger. He would open the door if he heard/ should hear (hear) anybody knock at the door.2) He said he could wait if I h ad got/got (get) everything ready the next day.3) I will say sorry to him for my fault on conditionthat he his own mistake in the matter.has realized (realize)4) We will not attack unless we are attacked (attack); if we are attacked (attack)we will certainly counterattack.5) I will let you have the book if I h ave finished (finish) reading it this evening.6) If you leave (leave) at six tomorrow morning you ’ d better go to bednow.7) I will come to the meeting provided that you let (let) me know in good time.8) We will have a football match if it is (be) fine tomorrow.9) As long as we don ’ t lose(not lose) heart,we difficulty in this crisis.’ ll find a way to overcome the10) We would have enjoyed our spring outing if it had notrained(rain) lastSunday.1 1 ) It is raining heavily now. If itweren’ t be’ training(not rain)wewouldnstaying indoors.12)I would certainly go if I had (have) the time. But I am busy with thecoming exam.Task 2: Study the following sentences and reflect on the use of directspeech and indirect speech.Now put the following direct speech into indirect speech.1) ― We’ ve seen some of these animated cartoons, ‖ the children said. The children said (that) they had seen some of those animated cartoons.’ t be able to do it, ‖John said.2) ― I know IwonJohn said (that) he knew he wouldn ’ t be able to do it.3)― Joe can ’ t have done such a thing. He is such a conscientiousyoung man, Mary said.Mary said (that) Joe’ t have done such a thing, for he was such a couldn conscientiousyoung man.4) Last Friday Mary asked John, ― Are you going to plant trees with ustomorrow? ‖Last Friday Mary asked John whether / if he was going to plant trees with them the next day.5) ― How long have you been waiting for us? ‖he asked John.He asked John how long he had been waiting for them.6) The old lady downstairs said to us, ― Be quiet after midnight.The old lady downstairs told us to be quiet after midnight.‖7) ― Don’ t forget to take your notebooks with you, class!The monitor reminded us not to forget to take our notebooks with us. us‖. the monitor said8) ― What a lovely house! ‖ John said.John remarked what a lovely house it was. / John remarked that it was a lovely house.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. Theinitial letter of each is given.In many job interviews, a common question is whether the interviewee is a―team player ‖ . But what doeseing b(1) a team player really mean? Onthe most basic level, a team player is someone w ho (2) can work within agroup of people. Therefore it is an e ssential (3) requirement of any employment that any potential e mployee (4) is a team player. On a deeper level, a team player issomeone who can play a r ole (5) in the team, to achieve and support the g oals(6) set and agreed upon by the team. Every member of the team should have specific (7) roles and responsibilities in view of achieving their c ommon (8) goals.The success of the team relies completely o n (9) every member of theteam carrying out their roles and responsibilities in l ine (10) with thedirection of the leader. Being a team player does not m ean (11) that youdo not have any ideasof your own. It does not mean you should always a gree (12) with the rest of the team. Don ’ t be afraid toffero (13) new ideas even seemingly crazy ones.Everyone in the team should feel free to come up with new ideas and not worry about them being dismissed.TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words andexpressions given in brackets.1)我们一起工作已经很长时间了，从来没有因为意见分歧而妨碍到我们之间的友谊。

新世纪大学英语综合教学教程第二册Unit6答案解析Listen and RespondTask One Focusing on the Main IdeasChoose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.1 The speaker believes that our success in life lies in ________.A) working well with other peopleB) being a great player in a teamC) working with a great player like Michael JordanD) performing a specific role in a team2 The speaker cites Michael Jordan as an example because ________.A) Michael Jordan plays a very important role in a teamB) he wants to convince people of the importance of team workC) great players are vital for a teamD) Michael Jordan is an inspiring example of success3 According to the speaker, the concept of teamwork is widely applied in many places EXCEPT ________.A) in school B) in the workplaceC) in sports D) in arts4 It is the speaker’s opinion that if you want to become a successful college student you need to ________.A) work hard at your courses B) do some lab workC) cooperate well with others D) do some projectsTask Two Zooming In on the DetailsListen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.1 Though Michael Jordan is a great player, he still has to cooperate well with his team members to win a game. Because every member of his team has a very specific role , and every member of the team is vital to the success of the team.2 In the workplace, it is important to be regarded as a team player, for no one person can build a railroad or manage an airline. Success in school can also rely on teamwork.3 Being social creatures, we can’t escape having to be team players .Read and ExploreTask One Discovering the Main Ideas1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.1) Why is it an essential requirement of any employment that any potential employee is a team player?Because any employment involves more than one person, it is essential that any employee should work well with other people.2) What does being a team player mean on the deeper level?On a deeper level, being a team player means being able to play a role in the team, to achieve and support the goals set and agreed upon by the team.3) What is the duty of the team captain?The duty of the team captain is to give direction to the team, in strategy, motivation and inspiration while also playing a role as a member of the team.4) Why should a leader of a corporate team have the loyalty of its members?Because if the team is not loyal to the leader, the team members will not listen to the leader and the objectives of thecompany would not be achieved.5) Why is “oneness”a necessary part of the corporate culture? Because the success of the team relies completely on every member of the team performing their roles and responsibilities for the same corporate goals or objectives.6) How should a competent leader deal with a team member’s new idea?A competent leader should not let ego affect his judgment on whether the idea is acceptable or not.7) If the idea of a team member is found inappropriate, how should he or she react properly?He or she should not take the rejection of the idea personally. Instead, he or she should accept others' opinion and still carry out his or her duty.2 Text A can be divided into three parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.Part: One; Paragraph(s): 1- 2; Main Idea: It is an essential requirement of any employment that any potential employee is a team player.Part: Two; Paragraph(s): 3–11; Main Idea: A company is just like a football team. Every member has the duty to help achieve the team’s goal and the right to off er ideas.Part: Three; Paragraph(s): 12–15; Main Idea: If you are not happy in your working environment, try to find out if there is anything wrong with you or your team.Task Two Reading Between the LinesRead the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.1) If there is one player missing, the team is handicapped.(Para. 4) ..., the team cannot function properly.2) Egos do not play any part in teamwork. (Para. 5)There is no room for ego in a team.3) In every action of the team, the objectives of the company, and / or, business strategy, MUST be first and foremost. (Para. 8) ... is undoubtedly the most important. (The objectives of the company ought to be considered the most important.)4) It does not mean that you should merely follow the herd. (Para. 9) ... do just what everyone else does.5) If your leader or team members see that you can handle rejection of your ideas in a mature manner, it is only to your own credit. (Para. 10) ... it is only to your advantage. / ... it is only in your favour.Checking Your VocabularyWord Detective1 Choose the definition in Column B that best matches each italicized word in Column A.1)i2)c3) f4) e5) a6) h7) d8)b。

大学英语综合教程二第六单元答案Unit 6 Book 2Listening and RespondTask OneP1801. T2. T3. F4. FP181Task Two1. constant dull uncreative2. essence sing play unconditioned3. better helpChecking Your VocabularyP1971. 1) c 2) d 3) e 4) a 5) b 6) i 7)f 8) j2. 1) b 2) a 3) c 4) a 5) c3. 1) have got along / on2) out of date3) consists of4) chipped away at5) for the most part6) getting a grip on7) make sense8) put into actionEnhance Your Language Awareness Words in ActionP2021. 1) objective2) current3) double4) exhibit5) eliminate6) integrated7) outstanding8) strategies9) similarities10) striving / strive11) narrows12) logical13) mysterious14) thick15) painfulP2032. 1) at rest2) without regard to3) rely on / upon4) take a chance5) for the most part6) in this regard7) make sense8) on the sidelinesIncreasing Your Word Power P2041. 1) to2) with3) at4) with5) from6) beyond7) from8) on9) for10) toP2042. 1) in the way that2) though / although3) when4) since5) used in a comparison6) though7) used in a comparison8) because9) while10) in the way thatP2053. 1) a. suppositionb. supposedc. supposedlyd. supposed2) a. conservativeb. conservec. Conservation3) a. Predictablyb. predictionc. predictd. predictable4) a. ridiculousb. ridiculedc. ridiculouslyd. ridicule5) a. creationb. creativelyc. created. creative created6) a. originalb. originallyc. origind. originatedGrammar ReviewP2061. 1) of which2) for which3) in which4) in whom5) of which6) to which7) for which8) at whichP2072. 1) as you describe / have described / described2) as concern everyone of us3) As is well known4) As we all can see5) as you show / as you have shown for your teacher6) As is reported / announced in today’s papersClozeP2071.concentration2.focus3.recharge4.opposite5.solving6.generate7.switch8.introversion9.distinguish10.traits11.yet12.passion13.being14.qualityTranslationP2081.It is only by trial and error that we learn and progress / make progress.2.You should know that the education of the heart is very important. It will distinguish you from others.3.A person who strives for perfection tends to have a low threshold of pain. Things around bother them.4.They regard honesty as a matter of principle and they are willing to sacrifice everything for its sake.5.People judge you by the company you keep. You’re inviting trouble if you get into bad company.6.Speaking your mind without regard to other people’s feelings is not a virtue.7.Her sensitivity exposes her to more suffering and pain than ordinary people can imagine. 8.We must awaken people to the need to protect our environment.Theme-Related WringP209Sample Essay for Task 1:A Creative PersonMy physics professor is a very creative person. His research project for his doctoral dissertation dealt with a very complicated physics problem at a time when many others thought it was impossible to solve it. But the creativelyintroduced a new concept and finally resolved the theoretical and experimental contradiction.He possesses many unique traits. He is very energetic and hard-working. He chairs the Physics Department and teaches many hours a week. Meanwhile, he is in charge of the university’s technology research. Obviously he is a efficient worker. My professor can be eccentric, once he shocked the whole class by saying “Good physics, everyone”in stead of “Good morning, everyone”. But above all, my professor has a sincere interest and a strong passion in his research field. No wonder he is highly respected by both his colleagues and his students.Sample Essay for Task 2:Popular Sayings May Become “Mental Locks”To cultivate a creative mind, one needs to chip away at one’s “mental locks”. Some of the “mental locks”are shaped by popular sayings, which sound so familiar to us that we tend to take them for granted. Instructive as they maybe, these common statements may restrict our freedom to think.“Look before you leap!” we make this remark to caution someone to think carefully before making a decision or taking an action. It may seem sound advice, but it may also put him or her in a passive position. He or she may just keep “looking”around and without making a “leap”. Similarly, we may say to the same person, “Don’t let the chance slip through your fingers!” Then, the person may be motivated to act promptly, regardless of the consequences.In either case, the person may fall victim to popular sayings. So if we want to come up with a new idea, we must break up the “mental locks”that close our minds.11。

Unit 6P1971.1) c 2) d 3) e 4) a 5) b 6) I 7) f 8) j2.1) b 2) a 3) c 4) a 5) c3.1) have got along/on 2) out of date 3) consists of 4) chipped away at 5) for the most part 6) getting a grip on 7) make sense 8) put into actionP 2021.1) objective 2) current 3) double 4) exhibit 5) eliminate 6) integrated 7) outstanding 8) strategies 9) similarities 10) striving/strive 11) narrows 12) logical 13) mysterious 14) thick 15) painful2.1) at rest 2) without regard to 3) rely on/upon 4) take a chance 5) for the most part 6) in this regard 7) make sense 8) on the sidelinesP2041.1) to 2) with 3) at 4) with 5) from 6) beyond 7) from 8) on 9) for 10) to2.1) in the way that 2) though/although 3) when 4) since 5) used in a comparison 6) though 7) used in a comparison 8) because 9) while 10) in the way that3.1) a. supposition b. supposed c. supposedly d. supposed2) a. conservative b. conserve c. conservation3) a. Predictably b. prediction c. predict d. predictable4) a. ridiculous b. ridiculed c. ridiculously d. ridicule5) a. creation b. creatively c. create d. creative/created6) a. original b. originally c. origin d. originatedGrammar review1.1) of which 2) for which 3) in which 4) in whom 5) of which 6) to which 7) for which 8) at which2.1) as you describe/ have described/ described 2) as concern everyone of us 3) As is well known 4) As we all can see 5) As you show/ as you have shown for your teacher 6) As is reported/ announced in today’s papersCloze1) concentration 2) focus 3) recharge 4) opposite 5) solving 6) generate 7) switch 8) introversion 9) distinguish 10) traits 11) yet 12) passion 13) being 14) qualityTranslation1) It is only by trail and error that we learn and progress / make progress.2) You should know that the education of the heart is very important. It will distinguish you from others.3) A person who strives for perfection tends to have a low threshold of pain. Things around bother them.4) They regard honesty as a matter of principle and they are willing to sacrifice everything for its sake.5) People judge you by the company you keep. You are inviting trouble if you get into bad company.6) Speaking your mind without regard to other people’s feelings is not a virtue.7) Her sensitivity exposes her to more suffering and pain than ordinary people can imagine.We must awaken people to the need to protect our environment.Unit 7P230：Words in action:1. 1. viewpoint2. conventional3. typical4. merely5. valid6. productive7. asses8.alter9. employment 10. convey 11. competent 12. objective 13. professional 14. reserve 15. shift 16. dismiss 17. personally 18. strengths 19. intense 20 norms2. 1. in reserve 2. To his credit 4. in person 5. take up 6. follow the herd 7. asses/judge …on its (own) merits 8. takes an … turnP232:1. to on to about, of to on, with to, with on to to2. deep total heavy high deep strong high heavy close totalP234:Grammar review1. 1. what2. whether3. whose4. whoever5. what6. where7. how8. which9.that 10. that2. 1.The children said they had seen some of those animated cartoons .2.John said that he knew he wouldn’t be able to do it.\3.Marry said that Joe couldn’t have done such a thing, for he was such a conscientious young man.4. Last Friday Mary asked John whether /if he was going to plant trees with them the nest day.5. He asked John how long he had been waiting for them.6. The old lady downstairs told us to be quiet after midnight.7. The monitor remained us not to forget to take our notebooks with us.8. John remarked what a lovely house it was.P236:Cloze1. being2. who3. essential4. employee5. role6. goals7. specific8. common9. on 10 line11. mean 12. agree 13 offerTranslations:1. We have worked together for a long time and have never let our differing opinions get in the way of our friendship.2. This agreement will pave the way for a lasting peace between the two countries.3. They usually don’t mention their requirements until you are beginning to let your defenses down.4. You should have the courage for face your own mistakes. D on’t try to shift the blame onto others when things go wrong.5. If you are more often than not affected by fear and worry, you will find this book very useful.6. Now that I have accepted the position, I shall certainly do to the best of my ability all that is required of me.7. If you don’t have a plan of what you will do every day, chances are high that you won’t do much.8. Great minds think alike. Your ideas are completely in line with his.。

Unit1Ways of LearningPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.They were studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens andelementary schools in Nanjing.2.Their 18-month-old son Benjamin was fond of trying to place the key into theslot of the key box during their stay at the Jinling Hotel.3.They would come over to watch Benjamin and then try to teach him howto do it properly.4.Because he realized that this anecdote was directly relevant to theirassigned tasks in China: to investigate early childhood education and tothrow light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity.5.Most of them displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel.6.He emphasized that the most important thing is to teach the child that on cansolve a problem effectively by oneself.7.He means that this incident pointed to important differences ineducational and artistic practices between China and the USA.8.The manner in which the Chinese staff saw the need to teach the child byguiding his hand in the characteristic of a broader attitude to education, one that stands in contrast to the Western preference for leaving the child toexplore and learn unaided.9.One example is of children at the age of 5 or 6 painting flowers, fish andanimals skillfully and confidently; in a second example, calligraphers 9 and10 years old were producing works; and in a third, young artists work onperfecting their craft for several hours a day.10.Americans think that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may neveremerge, and skills can be picked up later. Chinese think that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired, and there is no hurry to promote creativity.11.This is mainly due to the difference in their way of thinking.12.The author makes the suggestion that we should strike a better balancebetween the poles of creativity and basic skills.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1)The text begins with an anecdote.2)His thoughts are mainly about different approaches to learning inChina and the West.3)He winds up the text with a suggestion in the form of a question.2.Chinese1)Show a child how to do something, or tech by holding the hand2)Give greater priority to developing skills at an early age, believingthat creativity can be promoted over timeAmericans1)Teach children that they should rely on themselves for solutions toproblems2)Put more emphasis on fostering creativity in young children, thinking skillscan be picked up laterLanguage Sense Enhancement(1)Summarizing(4)in terms of(8)promote creativity(2)value originality(5)harbor(9)emergeand independence(6)fearful(10) picked up(3)contrast between(7)comparableLanguage FocusVocabularyI1.1)insert5)initial9)is awaiting2)on occasion6)phenomena10)not; in the least3)investigate7)attached11)promote4)In retrospect8)make up for12)emerged2.1) a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of thecountry and the south.2)is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.3)as a financial center has evolved slowly.4)is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.5)by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their wayinto some English magazines.3.1)be picked up; can ’taccomplish; am exaggerating2)somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to3)assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superiorII1.1)continual3)continual2)continuous4)continuous2.1)principal4)principles2)principal5)principal3)principleIII1.themselves 4.itself2.himself/herself 5.ourselves3.herself/by herself/on her own 6.yourself/by yourself/on your own Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1)contrast(5)promoting(10) neglecting(2)exaggerating(6)pick up(11) worthwhile(3)priority(7)assist(12) superior(4)on the other(8)accomplishhand(9)occasion2.(1)end(5)equipped(9) definitely(2)perform(6)designed(10) quality(3)facing(7)approach(4)competent(8)restII. translation1.(1)It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure fromthe tradition.(2)Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give aperformance in front of a large audience.(3)Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in thechild at an early age.(4)Assuming this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it ’s worthwhileto buy it?(5)If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem weare investigating.2.To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listeningand speaking. Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important. Without an enormous store of good English writing inyour head you cannot express yourself freely in English. It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result. As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.Unit2 ValuesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.The Salvation Army is a religious charitable organization. A SalvationArmy bell ringer is a volunteer who help it collect donations.2.The boy asked him: Are you poor? He did it simply out of confusion andcuriosity. Obviously he knew nothing about the Salvation Army bell ringer.3. He said, “I have more than some people, but not as much as others. ”Thismeans that he was neither poor nor rich.4.The boy ’s mother scolded him because the question was social inappropriate,especially to a person who looked poor.5.Yes, economically he is poor. He lives in a small basement apartment. Hedoesn’t even have a color TV . He falls into the lowest income category. And so on.6.No, the writer does not feel poor. This is because he has enjoyed good healthand creativity which he thinks are much more important than material goods.7.He feels out of place among people who are primarily interested inmaterial things.8.She told him that she was interested in what ’s on the inside. but after he tookher to his poorly furnished apartment, she changed her mind completely.9.It only shows that to her the most important thing was still materialgoods rather than what she had claimed before.mercial can put people under pressure to purchase more than isreally necessary.11.Because December is the time for to work for the Salvation Army as a bellringer, which gives him a genuine sense of belonging and brings himhappiness in helping others.12.The boy’s question has helped the writer realize that, despite his lack ofexpensive possessions, he is rich in many other ways and should be thankfulfor that.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1) a.√2)the essay is meant to explain something that is, the author ’s view of life.3)That one can live a life full of riches without being rich financially.2.Part One: The writer’s encounter with a boy who raised the question“are you poor? ”Part Two: In search of an answer the writer finds that not having expensivepossessions doesn’t make him feel poor mainly because he enjoys life inmany other ways.Part Three: In conclusion, the writer thinks he’s grown to understand more about himself because of the boy ’s question.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)attain(5)primarily(9) spirited(2)wear and tear(6)minimal(10) energizing(3)dependable(7)exceptionally(4)modest(8)illness-freeLanguage FocusVocabularyI1.1)abrupt5)dated9)Curiosity2)emotional6)consequences10)genuine3)bless7)seemingly11)primarily4)wear and tear8)in contrast to12)sentiments2.1)confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first.2)vital to the existence of all forms of life.3)some confusion among the students about what to do after class to follow up onthe subject.4)nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy.5) tickled him to think that she’d come to ask his advice3.52)fill out; every item; vital; consequences3)be denied; tangible; cherish; attainII1.It is a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2.She arrived early and took a front row seat.3.Don’t take me for a fool.4.It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.5.My uncle will take me (along on his trip) to the Arctic this summer.6.He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7.Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8.If you don ’ttake my advice, you will regret it.III1.hanging 4.being praised7.to open2.to give 5.not having written8.being helped3.to return 6.to sayComprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1)well-off/affluent(5)deny(9) out of place(2)dated(6)tangible(10) abrupt(3)falling into(7)pursuit(11) focus(4)bracket(8)cherishes(12) donations2.(1)consume(5)physically(9) traditional(2)fueled(6)security(10) follow(3)annual(7)indicates(4)plain(8)equallyIII. Translation1.1)The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2)Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3) Education is the most cherished tradition in our family. That ’s why myparents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me tothe best private school.4)Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thushad to go through another difficult phase of his life.5)In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but theyhave always tried to meet our minimal needs.2.With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better offimportant task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuitof spiritual as well as material satisfaction.Unit3 The Generation GapPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.There are seven characters---Father, Mother, Heidi, Diane, Sean,Restaurant Manager, and Mrs. Higgins.2.No. Because what he does usually ends up embarrassing them.3.To buy a guitar.4.To check if Sean was going to embarrass him.5.He knew his father was going to embarrass him.6.It was unnecessary and embarrassing.7.He wanted Dan to pressure his son into asking Diane to the senior prom.8.He would speak to his son and insist that the latter give Diane a call.9.She felt humiliated.10.Because the Thompson had just moved.11.He tried to let her know how exceptionally talented a young woman Heidi was.12.Because she couldn’tbear being embarrassed by her father.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1. A fast-food restaurant2.The Thompson family dining room3.An office at a high school2.Scene One: Father embarrassed Sean by talking too proudly to the restaurant manager.Scene Two: Father embarrassed Diane by persuading a colleague into pressing his son to ask her to the senior prom.school about how talented she was.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)once in a while(5)humiliated(9) stop to think(2)for(6)class president(10) interference(3)the problem(7)have(4)he thinks(8)ActuallyLanguage FocusVocabularyI1.1)typical5)welfare9)narrowed down2)dumb6)came over10)frank3)junior7)interference11)schemes4)glorious8)fading12)at any rate2.1)consists of five generals and four police officers.2)will be in a location overlooking the lake.3)was humiliated by her comments about my family background infront of so many people.4)have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer?5)was exhausted after the long cycle ride.3.1)hysterical; was handed down by; should have known better than2)twisted; over and over; talented son3)patience; not to keep him in suspense; assured; repeatedlyII.Collocation1.adequate 4.content7.fortunate2.anxious 5.crazy8.keen3.certain 6.likelyage1.be admitted 3.be postponed 5.be banned2.live 4.buy 6.be Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1)typical(7) know better than that(2)welfare(8)repeatedly(3)constant(9)dread(4)frank(10) interference(5)talent(11) bet(6)dumb(12) assure2.(1)despite(5)admitted(9) different(2)really(6)attempt(10) manner(3)same(7)not(4)contact(8)tendII. Translation1.(1)Have scientists found proof of water on Mars?(2)The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for thenuclear power plant to two coastal towns.(3)Sam not only lost his job but also both legs; he had to live on welfarefor the rest of his life.(4) A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.(5)Sean felt humiliated to hear his talent being questioned.2.George, the son of Mr. Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep. Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference. They called Mr. Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking. Mr. Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue. As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement. ”In the end George traded his CD ’s for computer games software from his classmates.Unit4 The Virtual WorldPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.She used to be a television producer, but now she is a writer.2.She writes and edits articles online, submits them via email, andcommunicates with colleagues via the Internet, too.3.She could stay computer-assisted at home for weeks, going out only t get mail,newspapers and groceries.4.They feel as if they had become one with the computer, and life seems tobe unreal.5.That people who grew used to a virtual life would feel an aversion tooutside forms of socializing.6.She gets overexcited, speaks too much, and interrupts others.7.She is bad-tempered, easily angered, and attacks everyone in sight, allbecause she has long become separated from others and lacks emotional face-to-face exchanges with people.8.She fights her boyfriend, misinterpreting his intentions because of the lackof emotional cues given by their typed dialogue.9.Because we rely on co-works for company.10.She calls people, arrangers to meet the few friends remaining in the City,gets to the gym,arranges interviews for stories, doctor ’s appointments---anything to get her out of the house and connected withothers.11.No, she doesn’tfeel happy. She feels being face to face is intolerable.12.She makes her excuses and flees, re-enters her apartment, runs to thecomputer, clicks on the modem, and disappears into the virtual world again. Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1.2-32.1,4-10,133.114.122.The first paragraph describes the consequences of living a virtual life and the last tells of the author ’s escape back into it. Together, they bring out the dilemma people at present are in: Because of modern technology, we have a choice between a virtual life and real life, but find both unsatisfactory.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)routine(5)drug abuse(9) set apart(2)for company(6)restore(10) appointments(3)unemployment(7)fled(4)externally(8)gymVocabularyI1.1)conversely5)abusing9)have arranged2)but then6)tone10)in sight3)symptom7)took; in11)stretched4)spitting8)editing12)data2.1)smoking cigarettes jars on me.2)find themselves getting sucked in.3)has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and repairit.4)fled their country to avoid military service/fled to other countries to avoidmilitary service.5)restore people’s confidence in it.3.1)the virtual; on line; via2)nightmare; routine; any appointment; arrange for3)cue; remarks; his tuneII.Collocation1.We came here all the way on foot.2.Private cars are not allowed on campus.3.They are on vacation in Florida.4.Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5.Don’tworry, Lucy is always on time.6.Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.age1.hard2.difficult3.impossible4.tough5.hard6.easyComprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1)Internet(5)arrange(9) crawls(2)click(6)nightmare(10) take in(3)virtual(7)annoying(11) spit(4)routines(8)connection(12) data(13) sucked into(15) flee(14) At times(16) on line2.(1)companion(5)customers(9) remote(2)deliver(6)delights(10) information(3)access(7)provides(4)enables(8)smallII. Translation1.1)Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2) A slow Internet connection speed is really annoying.3)As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4)In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely differentangle.5)Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart fromher classmates.2.Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.Unit5 Overcoming ObstaclesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.Because the pole was set at 17 feet which was three inches higher thanhis personal best.2.Because pole-vaulting combines the grace of a gymnast with the strength ofa body builder.3.His childhood dream was to fly. His mother read him numerous storiesabout flying when he was growing up.4.Because he believed in hard work and sweat. His motto: If you wantsomething, work for it!5.Michael's mother wished he could relax a bit more and be that "free dreaming"little boy. On one occasion she attempted to talk to him and his father about this, but his dad quickly interrupted, smiled and said, "You want something, work for it!"6.He began a very careful training program.7.He seemed unaware of the fact that he had just beaten his personal bestby three inches. He was very calm.8.He began to feel nervous when the bar was set at nine inches higher thanhis personal best.9.What his mother had taught him about how to deal with tension oranxiety helped him overcome his nervousness.10.The singing of some distant birds in flight made him associate his finaljump with his childhood dream.11.He could imagine the smile on his mother ’s face. He thought his father wasprobably smiling too, even laughing. However, in fact, his father hugged his wife and cried like a baby in her arms.12.Because he was blind.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.Part One: Michael faced the most challenging competition in his pole-vaulting career.Part Two: Michael ’s childhood was marked with dreams and tough training.Part Three: Michael topped his personal best, won the championship and seta new world record.2.(1)It also has the element of flying, and the thought of flying as high as atwo-story building is a mere fantasy to anyone watching such an event.As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying.(2)All of Michael ’svaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work. Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)startled(5)shaking the(8)out of nowhere(2)bale of hay tension(9)pictured(3)off(6)tense(10) scared(4)intensity(7)descriptionVocabularyI1.1)startled6)vain11)In my mind ’s2)mere7)On the occasion eye3)motion8)anxiety12)recurring4)sweating9)emotions5)stretched out10)ashamed of2.1)coincides with her husband ’s.2)sends the prices soaring/results in the soaring of prices.3)of alternate sunshine and rain.4)have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics atuniversity.5)Tension came over her3.1)media; dedication to; grace2)his competitors; in excitement; hug him; congratulate him on3)emotions; numerous; intensity; passion forII.Collocation1.Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near thecommunity.2.In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should)continue her education to acquire still another degree.3.There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moralresponsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.4.Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwiseto give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might bea threat.5.Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6.Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.III.Words with Multiple Meanings1.I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2.Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3.The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4.The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5.It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6.To my disappointment, the manager’s plan of promoting the new productsdoesn’twork at all.7.The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don ’tknowhow to learn.8.The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you took it. Comprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1)In my mind ’s eye(9)soaring(2)groan(10) recurring(3)competitor(11) brought me back to earth(4)intensity(12) fantasy(5)anxiety(13) sweat(6)tense(14) congratulate(7)sweat(15) number(8)tension(16) media2.(1)engineer(5)build(9) sharp(2)forget(6)accident(10) touched(3)convinced(7)thought(11) instructions(4)how(8)only(12) finallyII. Translation1.1)It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turnedthe company into a profitable business.2)The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3)We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.4)His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5)I don ’twant to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed andgroaning painfully.2.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. Youneedn’t/don ’thave to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been liftedfrom my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis. ”Unit6Women, Half the SkyPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.They liked girly toys such as a miniature kitchen, and Barbies.2.To convert a gas-guzzling SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle.3.Because she didn ’t know anything about cars and was afraid of being cheatedby the mechanic.4.She was craving independence and wanted to live away from home forsome time.5.It helped her earn six engineering credits, which of course made it easierfor her to become an engineering major.6.Five years.7. In her view, if you find a subject is difficult to learn, it does not mean you’renot good at it. It just means you have to set your mind and work harderto get good at it.8.Because he had confidence in her abilities believing she could have donebetter if she had studied more.9.No, she wasn’talways confident. She had moments of panic, worried that asa woman she would be unable to understand thermodynamics.10.She considers it wrong because it is based on a faulty premise.11.It is flexible and more powerful than we imagine.12.What she means is not to accept other s’opinions blindly but to use one ’s ownjudgment.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.Part One: The author describes how she stumbled into engineering.Part Two: The author writes about how she has overcome obstacles, including the bias against women, on her way to success.Part Three: The author draws the conclusion that women can do anythingmen can so long as they believe in their own abilities.2.1)she was not a tomboy.not to an engineering department.she didn’tknow the first thing about engineering.because she craved independence from her parents.already earned her six credits in engineering.2)math and design.she participated in a national competition to convert an SUV into ahybrid electric vehicle.work harder at it.that she should study more.had to work hard at courses she found difficult, which encouraged her to keep going.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)limit(6)translating(2)denying(7)hard and fast conclusions(3)favor(8)focus(4)others(9)incredibly flexible(5)relevant(10) consider the possibility VocabularyI1.1)cultural/culture5)stumbled into9)mechanical2)indication6)decent10)Shuddering3)miniature7)buzzing11)implied4)ironic8)abnormal12)leap2.1)convert RMB into US dollars in the foreign exchange office at the airport.2)didn ’t know the first thing about cooking as she looked puzzled as to howto cook rice with the rice cooker.3)their faulty equipment the team had accomplished some very useful work.4)allowing me to work flexible hours as long as I work eight hours a day.5)couldn ’thelp thinking the book must be quite fascinating.3.1) will not panic/feel panic;’llbe at a disadvantage2)hybrid; transmissions3)crave; One indication; to distinguishII.Synonyms in Context1.also 4.also7.also2.as well/too 5.as well/too8.Also3.too 6.tooage1.I ’ve had enough2.When I was old enough to work and earn money3.can’tgot enough sleep at night4.has so far collected enough of them5.have strong enough arms6.have just enough money to live onComprehensive ExercisesI. cloze1.(1)stumbled into(7)premise(2)not know the first thing about(8)at a disadvantage(3)mechanical(9)panic(4)when it comes to(10) cultural(5)hybrid(11) flexible(6)gritted her teeth(12) imply2.(1)chair(5)recognized(9) women(2)force(6)steered(10) tutor(3)secrets(7)essentially(11) inspired(4)painstaking(8)observations(12) unlessII. Translation1.1)He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer games,he is far too clever for his classmates.2)Children who don ’tknow any better may think these animals are prettycute and start playing with them.3) There is no way to obtain a loan, so to buy the new equipment,I ’lljusthave to grit my teeth and sell my hybrid car.4)The hunter would not have fired the shots if he had not seen a herdof elephants coming towards his campsite.5)I find it ironic that Tom has a selective memory---he does not seem toremember painful experiences in the past, particularly those of his owndoing.2.Nancy Hopkins is a biology professor at MIT. She craves knowledge and works hard. However, as a scientist, she could not help noticing all kinds of indications of gender inequality on campus. Men and women professors did the same work,but when it came to promotion the administrators were rather selective. It was ironic that after so much cultural progress, women were still at a disadvantage in institution of higher education. When her request for more lab space was refused, she knew she had to fight. So she gritted her teeth and complained to the President. The fight ended in victory and Nancy was converted into a gender-equity advocate.。

U n i t6T h e d i a r y o f t h e u n k n o w n s o l d i e r课文翻译综合教程二Unit 6 The Diary of the Unknown SoldierThis story is dedicated to all of the unknown soldiers who died while trying to protect the lives of the innocent.NOVEMBER 24, 19431 It has been almost six months since I last saw American soil, my family, or my home.My heart aches every moment because everywhere I look I see piles of rubble where houses used to stand and lifeless bodies that once moved around with the joy of life inside them. It is as if I have stared into death’s eyes and seen its hatred, its coldness.If it would have been some strangers’ corpses that I had seen I might have taken it lighter. But these lifeless heaps are, or used to be, my friends and colleagues. They all came here with an air of confidence and eagerness, ready to win.1 What fools they were! Couldn’t those men see that what they received was a one-way ticket to death, couldn’t they have opened their eyes! Of course, I was like them, but I have changed my views since the last D-Day, when our regiment was assigned to protect London.2 Today was rainy and cold, just like any other, when, out of the blue, German fighterplanes bombarded our small, makeshift camp.2 All I could hear were the sounds of bombs exploding, crippling those people in their way. I was suddenly knocked into a trench and able to be undetected by the planes circling overhead.3 I was lucky.3 When I came to, the Axis planes had gone and the few survivors that were left beganscooping up bodies. I s uffered minor head injuries, but the rest of my platoon wasn’t so fortunate. All I can say to describe the aftermath of the explosions is that it was a sea of blood. Right about this time thoughts of suicide entered my head, but Idecided that I must go on. I must go on living this nightmare, if not for myself or my country, then for my family back home. I want my children to have a father. Myfamily has been sending me mail, but I have received only a few letters so far. Oh, how I wish I could see my darling daughters! They are experiencing tough times too, with the food shortage problems and all. I hope the garden that they planted isgrowing. My thoughts drift to my wife now.4She is so dear to me that I can’t stop thinking about her.4 My job now is plane spotting. It is a civilian’s task, but there are no more civilians leftto do it. I must end this entry now because I am too tired to go on writing. All I ask is that I be alive5when this ends. Although I’m not so sure I’ll get my wish.NOVEMBER 29, 19431 I do not remember why I ever came here. Why does war have to be the way problemsare solved? War just creates more problems; something every sensible person knows.I guess that means people like Hitler aren’t sensible. Now my K-rations are runninglow. My joints are frozen stiff and my ammunition has been used up. Word has itthat the Axis powers are sending troops to our location within the month.6 Mysituation is grim and the odds of winning, or even surviving, seem unlikely. Moreblood has been shed and my body simply cannot take it.7 When I eat, sleep, and fightI have to stare at cold, lifeless soldiers that look like they were never alive. If I returnhome I vow to keep these soldiers’ memories alive by telling their families they died bravely in an effort to save their country from turmoil. While that might not provide much to help them cope with their loss, it will make the children feel like theirfathers made a difference.82 A few days ago my ragtag group of soldiers journeyed to a small European town thathad been untouched by warfare. Still, the townspeople took all of the proper war-time precautions. One night, as I performed my routine watch, I passed a young girl of no more than twelve or thirteen, who was walking home. I c ouldn’t help thinking about my two daughters when I saw her. I fell apart inside and broke into tears, wondering yet again if I would ever see my family.9 I would give anything to see them, even if it was for five minutes! I am not a man made for war, nor am I an adventurous person. I do not even remember my reason for joining in this madness!I guess I thought it was something that had to be done. A saying I once heard strikesa painful note in my head, “Even one war is too many.”10 The person who said it hada valid point.11 Never have I been so enraged at my fellow man before.12 Humans doerr, but that is no excuse for ending innocent lives and destroying whole countries!13 No one has that right. How can we be so selfish and ignorant as to not care about each other! This thought makes me sicker than when I am staring at heaps of bodies strewn over the tattered soil.DECEMBER 24, 19431 I think we have a spy in our regiment because the nightmare has surfaced again. Our“secret” location is being invad ed by Nazi troops as I write this down. I have hidden myself in a small trench, my last hope for surviving. I wish, with all my soul, that I could be home now, in my own bed, waiting for Christmas morning to come. The children would be tucked in their beds, and my wife and I would be soundly asleep in our room. I am struggling to calm myself down, but my face is covered in dirt andsweat, and my head is pounding like mad.14 I am so close to death that I can actually feel its fiery breath engulfing me.15 To help keep me from panicking I am thinking of my daughters’ faces as they open their presents on Christmas Day. The faces are all aglow with delight. I will always remember their faces, wait —I hear footsteps coming in my direction. My rifle is useless since there are no shells in it. If this is my last entry then please, whoever finds this, return it to my family. Oh my God! I can see from my hiding spot that a Nazi soldier is inspecting the trench. It is only a matter of time before he finds me. I have one last question before I die. Why?Almost nine and a half years after the last diary entry was written a British infantryman found the small journal as he was clearing away wreckage at the doomed battle site. The name of the author is today a mystery and it was not mentioned in the diary. Only the initial R was found in the bottom left-hand corner of the first page. The man, who is dubbed “The Unknown Soldier ,” was never found although we assume he is dead at this time.一个无名士兵的日记1943年11月24日我离开美国，家人已经有6个月了。

Unit 6 The Diary of the Unknown SoldierTeaching Objectives1)To help students to get to know soldiers’ experiences in WWII;2)To help students to get to know the Second World War;3)To help students to learn to analyze the text;4)To help students to learn the language in this text;5)To help students to develop oral English ability and communicativecompetence.Teaching Procedures6)Lead-in activities7)Cultural Backgrounds8)Text analysis9)Structural analysis10)Language study11)ExercisesLead-in Activities1. Lead-in Questions:1). Have you seen any war film2). Can you describe the cruelties of war from the eyes of a soldier3). Can you guess what question a soldier would as about war before he was killed 2. Group discussion1) What can we benefit from a diary2) What I would be like if I were in the WWIICultural information1. QuotesThe real and lasting victories are those of peace, and not of war.— Ralph Waldo Emerson2. World War IIWorld War II, or the Second World War, was a global military conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945 which involved most of the world’s nations, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, with more than 100 million military personnel mobilized. In a state of “total war”, the major participants placed their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities at the service of the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by significant action against civilians, including the Holocaust and the only use of nuclear weapons in warfare, it was the deadliest conflict in human history, and it has been estimated that it resulted in fifty million to over seventy million fatalities.The war is generally accepted to have begun on 1 September 1939, with the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and most of the countries of the British Empire and Commonwealth. China and Japan were already at war by this date, whereas other countries that were not initially involved joined the war later in response to events such as the German invasion of the Soviet Union and the Japanese attacks on the . Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor and on British overseas colonies, which triggered declarations of war on Japan by the United States, the British Commonwealth, and the Netherlands.The war ended with the total victory of the Allies over Germany and Japan in 1945. World War II left the political alignment and social structure of the world significantly changed. While the United Nations was established to foster international cooperation and prevent future conflicts, the Soviet Union and theUnited States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War, which lasted for the next forty-six years. Meanwhile, the acceptance of the principle of self-determination accelerated decolonization movements in Asia and Africa, while Western Europe began moving toward economic recovery and increased political integration.Text IThe Diary of the Unknown SoldierGlobal ReadingI. Text analysis1.What do the three entries of the diary have in commonThe three entries have two thematic topics in common, one being the horrible scenes of the war that the writer witnessed, and the other being the writer’s strong love for, and emotional attachment to his family. These two themes recur in all three entries.2.What particular situation or context does each entry have And how is thisparticular situation related to the common thematic topics in these three entries In the first entry, the writer describes how he felt and feared under German air raids. This led him to speculate about the difficulties and problems his family might be undergoing back in America.In the second entry, the writer describes his reflections on the justification of wars. The sight of a teenage girl and the grim condition ina small European town made him recall his dear daughters and family.The third entry was dated on Christmas Eve and about the approaching death.The writer’s only wish was that someone could return the diary to his family. II. Structural analysisDiary writing is a unique type of writing in that it is not structured ina pre-planned way as are other types of writing. In a diary entry, the writer’spen simply follows the flow of his thoughts. In other words, a piece of diary writing is usually “structured”by the author’s free associations between the present, the past, and the future, or between the reality and the imagination, or between the actual happenings and the author’s feelings.Detailed ReadingThe first entryParagraph 1Questions:Why did the unknown soldier’s heart acheBecause everywhere around him he saw piles of rubbles where houses used to stand andthose who had once lived happily inside the houses now lost their lives, vigor and hope.Paragraph 2Questions:Why did the author say he was lucky at the end of the paragraph (Paragraph 2)He was knocked into a trench in the air raid and thereby avoided being detected by the enemy plane circling overhead, so he thought he was a lucky survivor.Paragraphs 3-4:Questions:1. How did the author describe the aftermath of the explosion (Paragraph 3)The author said in his diary “it was a sea of blood” after the explosions. 2. What thought came into his mind even though he survived the bombing What madehim give up the thought (Paragraph 3)Thoughts of suicide entered his head, but the strong desire to go back home to see his darling daughters and beloved wife made him give up this idea, he decided that he must go on living this nightmare.The second entryParagraph 1Questions:Was the author in a critical situation when he wrote his second diary entry Yes. His K-rations were running low. His joints were frozen stiff and his ammunition has been used up. However, there was news that the Axis powers were sending troops to his location in a month.Paragraph 2Questions:How did the sight of a young girl in the small European town stir the author’s feelingsThe author passed a girl of no more than twelve or thirteen when he was performing his routine watch. He couldn’t help thinking about his two daughters. He felt heart-broken and broke into tears, wondering if he would return home and see his family. He would give anything to see them, even if it was for five minutes.The third entryParagraph 1Questions:What was the author’s earnest wish when he was faced with his approaching death He wished, with all his heart and soul, that he could be home, getting togetherwith his wife and children, waiting for Christmas morning to come, enjoying the peace at home and the happiness of reunion.Text IILife Goes OnIn remembrance of a soldier, who died in action at YpresJoana CruddasLead-in Questions1. Have you ever visited any places in memorial of soldiers or citizens who diedin war2. What impressed you most while being there How do you feel about the placeMain ideasThe author impressed the reader with the cruelty of war mainly being specific about the great numbers of the soldiers and animals lost in the war. From these figures the reader can easily imagine how many civilians were killed.The idea “Life Goes on” is mainly expressed in the first and the last paragraphs. In the first paragraph the author describes the tall and defiant towers of St. Martin’s Cathedral and the Cloth Hall and tell us that “the Flemish city has been invaded nineteen times” in her history, which suggests that the evil will never be able to conquer the good. In the last paragraph, the author mentions, “this daily moment of solemnity passes quickly. Ypres is preparing for the annual Festival of the Cats”, which tells us that life is sweet and that, whatever happens, sweet life goes on.Notes1. … stand tall and defiant above Ypres, Belgium. (Paragraph 1): Ypres is a townof West Flanders, Belgium, the scene of some of the bitterest fighting of the First World War. Flanders is a region in the southwestern part of the Low Countries (the region of northwestern Europe, comprising the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg), now divided between Belgium, France and the Netherlands. It was the scene of prolonged fighting during the First World War. Here the word “defiant,”which means “challenging boldly,”points to the heroic spirit of the people of the small town which had been invaded so many times.2.if anything(Paragraph 5): a phrase you use to introduce something that strengthens or changesthe meaning of what you have just said.It certainly wasn’t an improvement. We were, if anything, worse off than before.She didn’t seem upset about losing her job. If anything, she seemed very happy.3. Commonwealth(Paragraph 6): a free association of Britain and certain sovereign independentstates, formerly the colonies of the British Empire and their dependencies4.sets the scene(Paragraph 7): prepares the way or creates the conditions in which an event islikely to happen. The unjust agreement set the scene for another war.The scene is set for a tragedy.5. We already are. (Paragraph 8): We are already imagining what it was like.6. He died that we might live … (Paragraph 12): He died so that we might live …7.Führer (Paragraph 16): a German word which means “leader.” Here it refers to Adolf Hitler after he came to power. It is normally translated as “元首” . 8. My knowledge of history is put to shame. (Paragraph 16): I feel ashamed of mypoor knowledge of history.9. Downing Street (Paragraph 17): the street in Westminster in London, where the prime ministerand the Chancellor of the Exchequer have their official residences10. Buckingham Palace (Paragraph 19): the official residence in London of the British sovereign11. Lord Kitchener (Paragraph 19): (1850–1956) British field marshal. As warminister from 1914 to 1916, he mobilized the British Army in World War I. 12. John McCrae (Paragraph 20): (1872–1918) a World War I poet. He is rememberedfor what is probably the single best-known and popular poem “In Flanders Fields”published in 1919.Questions for discussion1. The article is a brief account of the author’s visit to Ypres, which is chronologically organized. She was taken to a number of places by the local tourist guide. Now try to pick out the spots she visited, and then tell what historic significance each of them has.2. How does the passage impress the reader with the cruelty of war3. How do you think the author felt when she was taken to the German cemetery4. In what way is the title “Life Goes On” illustrated by the authorKey to questions for discussion1. First spot: Reservoir Cemetery, where the author’s uncle Peter Cruddas and hundreds of other soldiers were buried.Second spot: the Menin Gate. The names of 55,000 missing soldiers are engraved on its walls.Third spot: the Hooge Crater Museum.Fourth spot: Bethlehem Farm. The smallest cemetery, holding 44 graves.Fifth spot: Tyne Cot. The largest British cemetery.Sixth spot: a Belgian cemetery.Seventh spot: the Langemark Cemetery, a German cemetery.Last spot: the Pool of Peace, a large crater created by an explosion.2. The author impresses the reader with the cruelty of war mainly by being specific about the greatnumbers of the soldiers and animals lost in the war — about 250,000 dead bodies buried in just one of the 75 cemeteries (Paragraph 6), 55,000 soldiers were missing and half a million horses and mules were lost (Paragraph 7). From these figures the reader can easily imagine how many people were killed.3. How she felt at that moment is not explicitly described in the article, but most probably she hadmixed feelings at that moment, a mixture of hatred and sympathy. She hated the Germans for the destruction they brought to the world, but she might also sympathize with the German soldiers, who were also victims of the war.4. This idea is mainly expressed in the first and the last paragraph. In the firstparagraph the author describes the “tall and defiant”towers of St. Martin’s Cathedral and the Cloth Hall and tells usthat “the Flemish city has been invaded nineteen times”in her history, which suggests that the evil can never conquer the good, and the unjust never the just.In the last paragraph, the author mentions “this daily moment of solemnity passes quickly. Ypres is preparing for the annual Festival of the Cats”, which tells us that life is sweet and that, whatever happens, sweet life goes on. Memorable QuotesWhat are the harmful effects of war Read the following quotes and find the answer.Guidance: Terrorism, nuclear weapons, wars between or within nations still threat world security. President Obama mentioned in his speech for winning 2009 Nobel Peace Prize that “…the instruments of war do have a role to play in preserving the peace. And yet this truth must coexist with another — that no matter how justified, war promises human tragedy”, which indicates that we are still far from a world without war, and we still need to strive for the war.1. There never was a good war, or a bad peace.— Benjamin FranklinParaphrase: The war is always bad, and the peace is forever good.2. War is the greatest plague that can afflict humanity;it destroys religion, it destroys states, it destroysfamilies. Any scourge is preferable to it.— Martin LutherParaphrase: War is the greatest disaster that can bring harm and suffering to humanity; it destroys religion, it destroys countries, it destroys families. No other disaster would cause as much damage as the war does.。