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动词不定式定义：动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，在句中不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
基本形式：to do ,有时to可以省略；否定形式：not to do动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。
一、不定式作宾语【例句】1.Nobody knew why she agreed to help Ian.2. Susan wants to go to Beijing on vacation with her parents.【总结】动词不定式作宾语时，主要用在“主语+谓动v. + to do”的结构中。
后面可接不定式作宾语的动词有：want，decide，hope，learn，plan，agree等。
能接动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要),would like(想要),ask(请求),choose(选择),等。
希望想要做决定（hope, wish, want, decide )学会同意和答应（learn, agree, promise )碰巧没能计划好（happen, fail, plan )拒绝提供再准备（refuse, offer, prepare )注意：存在差异的四对词组：1.forget to do sth sth/ forget doing sth2.stop to do sth/stop doing sth3.remember to do sth / remember doing sth4.go on to do sth/go on doing sth不定式作宾语的考点1：***【例句】I found it difficult to stop him. 我发现拦截他很困难。
作宾语的不定式若带有自己的补足语，则需用it作形式宾语，而真正的不定式宾语置于补足语之后构成“主语+ 谓动+ it + 宾语补足语(名词或形容词) + to do sth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、make,believe,feel等。
Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.◆重点语法一：动词不定式语法全解：动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。
1. 动词不定式的构成：动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时to要省去；动词不定式的否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成动词不定式短语。
● He wanted to sit down. 他想坐下。
● Let me have a look at that letter. 我来看看那封信吧。
● They asked him to sing a pop song at the party. 他们请他在宴会上唱了一首流行歌曲。
● Tell him not to leave alone. 告诉他不要一个人离开。
● I thought I told you not to touch anything！我想我告诉过你什么都不要碰的！2. 动词不定式的用法3. 动词不定式不带to的情况①在固定词组had better之后。
注意：had better do sth.的否定形式是had better not do sth.。
● You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。
●It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。
②在使役动词或感官动词后作宾语补足语时，不带to。
这些动词可归纳为：一感（feel）二听（listen to, hear）三让（let, make, have）四看（look at, see, watch, notice）● I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给了我。
初二英语语法：动词不定式详解及习题一..不定式的构成：to+动词原形二不定式的特征：不定式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词，形容词，和副词的特征，可以在句子中作主语，表语，宾语。
宾语补足语，定语，和状语。
现将用法归纳如下。
(一)、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语印定式)置于后面。
常见的句式有：(1)It is + 形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth(3)It takes sb some time to do sth(4)It is + 形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式注意：当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is…to…的句型(^)To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
(错)It is to believe to see.It's for sb.和It's of sb.1)for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible 等：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
(二)、动词不定式作宾语1.He wants to buy some vegetables.2.Don't forget to bringyour homework with you when you come to school.3.He found it very difficult.常接不定式作宾语的动词；want, like, agree, hope, wish, learn, begin, start, seem, decide,hate, choose, forget, remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。
人教版八年级英语动词不定式练习题30题【含答案解析】1. In our school, ______ is important for students to learn English well.A. thisB. itC. thatD. he答案：B。
解析：在这个句子中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语to learn English well。
根据语法规则，当动词不定式作主语时，为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常会用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语（动词不定式短语）后置。
选项A、C、D都不能作形式主语，所以选B。
2. My mother wants me ______ some books from the library this weekend.A. borrowB. to borrowC. borrowingD. borrowed答案：B。
解析：want sb. to do sth.是一个固定搭配，表示想要某人做某事，这里的动词不定式to borrow作宾语，补充说明want的具体内容。
选项A是动词原形，不能用于want sb.后面；选项C是现在分词形式，不符合语法；选项D是过去式，也不符合要求，所以选B。
3. ______ early in the morning is a good habit.A. Get upB. Gets upC. To get upD. Got up答案：C。
解析：这里的To get up是动词不定式作主语，表示早起这件事是一个好习惯。
选项A是动词原形，不能直接作主语；选项B是第三人称单数形式，也不能作主语；选项D是过去式，同样不能作主语，所以选C。
4. The teacher told us ______ our homework carefully.A. doB. to doC. doingD. did答案：B。
解析：tell sb. to do sth.是固定用法，意思是告诉某人做某事，这里动词不定式to do作宾语，说明老师告诉我们的具体内容。
八年级英语动词不定式练习题30题(答案解析)1.She wants to learn to play the piano.A.learnB.to learnC.learningD.learns答案解析：B。
本题考查动词不定式作宾语。
want to do sth 是固定用法，表示“想要做某事”。
A 选项learn 是动词原形，不能直接跟在wants 后面；C 选项learning 是动名词形式，也不符合；D 选项learns 是第三人称单数形式，同样不合适。
2.He hopes to become a scientist.A.hopesB.to becomeC.becomingD.become答案解析：B。
hope to do sth 表示“希望做某事”，动词不定式to become 作宾语。
A 选项hopes 是谓语动词；C 选项becoming 是动名词形式不符合；D 选项become 是动词原形不能直接跟在hopes 后面。
3.They decided to go to the park.A.decidedB.to goD.goes答案解析：B。
decide to do sth 是“决定做某事”，to go 作宾语。
A 选项decided 是谓语动词；C 选项going 是动名词形式错误；D 选项goes 是第三人称单数形式错误。
4.I plan to read a book this weekend.A.planB.to readC.readingD.reads答案解析：B。
plan to do sth“计划做某事”，to read 作宾语。
A 选项plan 是谓语动词；C 选项reading 动名词形式错误；D 选项reads 第三人称单数形式错误。
5.She expects to see her friend.A.expectsB.to seeC.seeingD.sees答案解析：B。
人教版初中英语八年级下册Unit 2语法、阅读、写作专题语法专题一、动词不定式动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词，它在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用。
动词不定式的形式是“to+动词原形”，但to有时要省略。
动词不定式在具体运用时，用不用to,取决于动词的用法。
1.带to的不定式结构(1)能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop等。
例：She likes to play the piano.她喜欢弹钢琴。
(2)动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。
例：Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我不要叫醒凯特。
2.不带to的不定式结构(1)在固定词组 had better之后。
注意had better do sth.的否定形式是had better not do sth.例：You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。
It's cold outside. You'd better not go out.外面很冷，你最好不要出去。
(2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等使役动词或感官动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
例：I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。
I didn't see you come in.我没看见你进来。
(3)在引导疑问句的 why not之后。
"Why not+不带to的不定式”与“Why don't you do...?"同义，可以用来提出建议或劝告。
例：Why not go with us?为什么不和我们一起去呢？Why not take holiday? = Why don't you take holiday?为什么不休个假呢？3.动词不定式在句子中所作的成分(1)作主语例：To master language is not an easy thing.掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情。
专题14 重点语法过关：动词不定式期末真题+名校模拟在中考语法项目中，主要考查动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语。
动词不定式由“to+动词原形” 构成，有时to省略，直接由动词原形构成。
否定式由“not to+动词原形”构成。
如：We decided to go on hiking though we were tired. 虽然我们很累，但是我们决定继续远足。
The girl tried not to wake up her mother. 这女孩尽量不吵醒她妈妈。
1. 动词不定式作宾语（1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有：learn 学会plan 计划decide 决定try 尽力choose 选择agree 同意refuse 拒绝pretend 假装offer 主动would like / want 想要expect 期望hope / wish 希望promise 承诺afford 负担得起prefer 喜欢help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing)continue 继续(continue to do / doing)begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing)如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。
（2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。
如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。
（3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。
第二单元语法A、动词不定式1.动词不定式的形式动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时to可以省略。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但仍保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成动词不定式短语。
He wanted to sit down. Let me have a look at that letter. TThey asked him to sing a pop song at the party.2 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语,状语、等。
①主语为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it 作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。
常用句型：It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.To learn a foreign language well is not easy. =It’s not easy to learn a foreign language well .②宾语——动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare manage afford…常接动词不定式作宾语。
He agreed to meet me at the station.I promised to help.当宾语有补足语时，常常使用主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+不定式（真正的宾语），常用的谓语动词：find ,think ,consider, make ,feel,等。
I feel it my duty to help him.I think it difficult to learn English well.用在but ,except ,besides之后动词不定式作宾语，前面有行为动词do 及do的各种形式时，不定时省略to。
人教版八年级英语动词不定式练习题30题含答案解析1. My mother wants me ____ the piano every day.A. playB. to playC. playingD. played答案解析：B。
本题考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。
want sb. to do sth.是固定用法，意思是想要某人做某事。
选项A是动词原形，不能直接用在want sb.后面；选项C是现在分词形式，不符合此结构；选项D是过去式形式，也不符合want 的用法。
2. I find it difficult ____ English well.A. learnB. to learnC. learningD. learned答案解析：B。
这里考查动词不定式作宾语。
find it + 形容词+ to do sth.是常见结构，表示发现做某事是怎么样的。
选项A是动词原形，不能用在此结构中；选项C是现在分词形式，不符合；选项D是过去式形式，也不符合这个结构。
3. The teacher asks us ____ our homework on time.A. finishB. to finishC. finishing答案解析：B。
本题考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。
ask sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为要求某人做某事。
选项A是动词原形，不能用在ask sb.后面；选项C 是现在分词形式，不符合要求；选项D是过去式形式，不符合ask的用法。
4. My hobby is ____ pictures.A. drawB. to drawC. drawingD. drawn答案解析：B。
这里考查动词不定式作表语，表达具体的行为或动作。
选项A是动词原形，不能直接作表语；选项C是动名词形式，虽然动名词也可作表语，但这里更强调具体动作，动词不定式更合适；选项D是过去分词形式，不符合要求。
5. She hopes ____ a famous singer in the future.A. becomeB. to becomeC. becomingD. became答案解析：B。
人教版八年级英语动词不定式练习题30题含答案解析1. She wants ______ some books this weekend.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. bought答案：B。
解析：本题考查动词不定式作宾语。
want后面需要接动词不定式作宾语，表示想要做某事，这是固定用法，所以A选项buy是动词原形，C选项buying是动名词形式，D选项bought是buy 的过去式，都不符合want的用法，只有B选项to buy正确。
2. He hopes ______ a good student in the future.A. becomeB. to becomeC. becomingD. became答案：B。
解析：hope这个动词后面要接动词不定式作宾语，表示希望做某事。
A选项become是动词原形，C选项becoming是动名词形式，D选项became是become的过去式，都不能与hope搭配，只有B选项to become正确。
3. They plan ______ a trip to Paris next month.A. takeB. to takeC. takingD. took答案：B。
解析：plan后面接动词不定式作宾语，表示计划做某事。
A选项take是动词原形，C选项taking是动名词形式，D选项took是take的过去式，都不符合plan的用法，所以正确答案是B选项to take。
4. My mother decides ______ a new dress for me.A. makeB. to makeC. makingD. made答案：B。
解析：decide后面要接动词不定式作宾语，表示决定做某事。
A选项make是动词原形，C选项making是动名词形式，D 选项made是make的过去式，都不适合与decide搭配，所以答案是B选项to make。
动词不定式一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。
动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。
三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能，可在句中用做多种句子成分。
1、主语：常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主语。
To go in for sports helps you stay fit.It is dangerous to swim in the deep sea on your own.注：此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由for或of引出，逻辑主语由of引出时，表语的形容词为kind, nice, good, polite, clever, foolish, right, wrong等表示评价的形容词。
例：It’s right of him to refuse the invitation. (him为逻辑主语)2、表语：Our duty is to protect the environment.3、动词宾语：此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。
例：Would you like to see my photos?Kevin planned to visit his uncle.和plan用法一样的词还有：start, want, agree, hope, begin,decide等。
I found it very difficult to get a job. (it为形式宾语)4、宾语补足语：(1) 在多数复合宾语及物动词后要带to。
例：I asked a friend to read it to me. (book4，L2)(2) 在表示感觉、致使等意义的动词(see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe, make, let, have, help等) 后不带to。
例：They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room.5、定语：动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词的后面。
例：I have something important to say.6、形容词补足语:在表示心理、感情、评价等的形容词后，对其进行补充说明。
例：We are very glad to meet you again.7、状语：表示目的、原因、程度等。
例：They brought in photos of their families for me to look at.8、“疑问词+不定式”用法：不定式前可带what, who, which, where,when, how等疑问词，这种不定式短语在句中多用做宾语。
例：He didn’t tell me where to go.不定式综合练习：一．用动词的适当形式填空（包括时态和动词的非谓语形式）1、Joe Hill wrote songs_______(keep) up the workers' struggle.2、His brother told me he enjoyed_______(play) football very much.3、Stop ______(talk), you will hear something strange.4、Don't make him_______(climb) the tree.5、This year they are going __________(put) up a new theatre (戏院).6、These books can't___ __(return) to you, because I __ _(not finish)_______(read) them.7、Father asked his son_______(not play) with fire.8、The students were asked __________(take) out a piece of paper and write down thesentences on the blackboard.9、After having a rest , he went on ______(do) his homework.10、It's time for you __________(empty) the dustbin.11、A lot of information __________(put) into the computer yesterday .12、It's important ___________(do) morning exercises every day.13、To a doctor the most important thing is_________(save) lives.14、The boss made us_________(work) more than ten hoursa day.15、The professor had a strange way of________(make) his lessons lively and interesting.16、(put)_______on your coat and be careful ___________(not catch) a cold.17、I am sorry _______(keep) you________(wait) so long.18、How ________(get) to the science museum is a question.19、It takes me half an hour__________(go) to school on foot.20、She was never heard ___________(sing) so well before.21、She often does__________(shop) in the evening.22、They stopped________(listen) to her songs because they were fond of _______(sing).23、It's rather cold ,you'd better_________(not take) off your coat.24、It's kind of you_________(give) seat to the old man.25、May I use your dictionary for a minute? I want________(look) up a new word.26、They were able___________(built) the house themselves.27、He was told ________(pay) attention to (注意) his pronunciation(发音).28、He had a lot of work___________(do).29、Would you please__________(give) the boy something ______(eat).30、Would you like him ___________(get) some water for you?31、I saw Mary ________(play) with her sister under the tree.32、You must________(tell) your brother ______(bring) his English book to school.33、----Mr Hu __________(be) in hospital since 2 days ago.----I'm sorry________(hear) that.34、The English teacher________(ask) us________(write) these new words again.35、There was no time_______(read) the newspaper at the time.36、Tom is too young_________(carry) the box.37、Stop ________(write) and________(listen) to the teacher.38、It's better_______(give) than_________(receive).39、Most of the students are busy______(do) their homework..40、Our teacher asked me_________(not play) basketball.单项选择( ) 1. The teacher told the students ______ in class.A. not talkB. don’t talkC. didn’t talkD. not to talk( ) 2. “Mr Zhang, you’d better ______ too much meat. You are already over weight,”saidthe doctor.A. not to eatB. to eatC. not eatD. eat( ) 3. We saw him ______ the building and go upstairs.A. to enterB. enterC. enteringD. entered( ) 4. My mother often asks me ______ early.A. get upB. got upC. getting upD. to get up( ) 5. “Don’t always make Michael ______ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear.”Mr Bush said to his wife.A. doB. to doC. doesD. did( ) 6. The young lady watched her daughter ______ a yo-yo yesterday afternoon.A. to play withB. playing withC. to playD. plays( ) 7. We are told ______ everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our school clean and tidy.A. not to make much noiseB. to throw waste paperC. to drawD. not to spit( ) 8. The boy was too busy ______ his father last term.A. to hear fromB. to write toC.hearing from D. write to( ) 9. Look! How heavy the rain is! You’d better ______.A. don’t go nowB. stay here when it stopsC. not leave until it stopsD. not to leave at once( ) 10. There is no difference between the two words. I really don’t know ______.A. what to chooseB. which to chooseC. to choose whichD. to choose what( ) 11. Excuse me. Would you please tell me ______ buy a digital camera?A. what toB. where toC. what I canD. where can I( ) 12. --- Bob, would you like to come to our dinner party? --- ______.A. Yes, I wouldB. Yes, I’d love toC. No, I wouldn’tD. No, I don’t go( ) 13. Tracy can’t play the match now. Please ______ instead.A. have Lily do itB. have Lily to do itC. make Lily to do itD. let Lily to do it( ) 14. You must be very tired. Why not ______ a rest?A. to stop to haveB. to stop havingC. stop to haveD. stop having( ) 15. There is going ______ an English party this evening in our school.A. to beB. to haveC. havingD. being( ) 16. You’d better ______ a policeman at this moment.A. not to send forB. won’t send forC. don’t send forD. not send for( ) 17. The teacher will show him ______.A. to useB. use itC. how to use itD. uses( ) 18. My parents often tell my sister and me ______ to the teachers carefully in class.A. listenB. listensC. listeningD. to listen( ) 19. Remember ______ your homework here tomorrow.A. to bringB. to takeC. bringingD. taking( ) 20. --- Let’s have a rest, shall we?--- Not now. I don’t want to stop _____ the letter yet.A. writeB. to writeC. writingD. and write( ) 21. The teacher warned his students ______ on the thin ice.A. not skatingB. no skatingC. to skateD. not to skate( ) 22. --- Have you got everything ready for the trip?--- Yes. There’s nothing ______.A. to worry aboutB. need to worry aboutC. to worry at allD. worrying about( ) 23. --- Have you read about the pianist in the newspaper?--- Yes, I have decided to go and ______ this evening.A. heard his playB. hear him playC. hear him playingD. hear him to play( ) 24. --- The light in the office is still on.--- Oh, I forgot ______.A. turning it offB. turn offC. to turn it offD. having turned it off( ) 25. John was made ______ the truck for a week as a punishment.A. to washB. washingC. washD. to be washing( ) 26. Is ______ easy to finish the design before NationalDay?A. thisB. thatC. itD. he( ) 27. Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.A. to be takenB. to takeC. being takenD. taking( ) 28. Last summer I took a course on ______.A. how to make dressesB. how dresses be madeC. how to be made dressesD. how dresses to be made( ) 29. A big crowd gathered ______ him ______.A. to hear; speakB. hearing; speakingC. to hear; speakingD. hearing; to speak( ) 30. It ______ forty-five minutes ______ there by bus.A. cost; to getB. takes; gettingC. takes; to getD. takes; to get to参考答案：1. to keep2. playing3. talking4. climb5. to put6. be returned; haven’t finished reading7. not to play 8. to take 9. doing 10. to empty11. was put 12. to do 13. to save 14. work 15. making16. Put; not to catch 17. to keep; waiting 18. to get 19. to go 20. to sing21. shopping 22. to listen; singing 23. not take 24. to give25. to look26. to build 27. to pay 28. to do 29. give; to eat 30. to get31. play 32. tell; to bring 33. has been; to hear 34. asked; to write 35. to read36. to carry 37. writing; to listen 38. to give; to receive 39. doing 40. not to play1-5 DCBDA 6-10 BDBCB 11-15 BBACA16-20 DCDAC 21-25 DABCA 26-30 CAAAC。
