2009社科院考博英语真题解析之作文范文

09—Section A Composition (35 minutes)Tourism is a booming business in China. However, some people worry that too many tourists may bring harm to the environment, while others don’t think so. What is your opinion? Write on ANSER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:Will Tourism Bring Harmto the Environment? You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.SectionB—Note-Writing (10 Minutes)Write on Answer Sheet Three a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:Lily, your roommate, is looking for a part-time job in the coming summer vacation. You saw an ad for a private English tutor for a schoolboy. Write her a note, telling her what the job isand strongly recommending it to her.Will Tourism Bring Harm to The Environment?As an economic activity, tourism in recent years has developed rapidly in China. Tourism reflects human’s explorations of nature, which has led to economic development on the one hand and environmental destructionon the other. While economy grows, environment destruction also grows, as a result of ceaseless tapping of natural resources and continuous increase of the number of tourists.How does tourism bring harm to the environment? Firstly, over exploitation of scenic spots will change ecological system, which willconsequently cause environmental degeneration. In order to attract tourists, plenty of man-made sceneries have been built, due to which the natural conditions have been destroyed. One example is Qinghai Lake, its environmental degeneration in the form of expansion of desert areas and extinction of some rare animals. According to a researchreport, tourism should take partial responsibility for this harmful result. In one word, reckless tapping of natural resources will break ecological balance.Secondly, a large proportion of tourists, most of the time, play the role of environment destructor. They do not have the awareness of environment protection. So it is very common to see them throwgarbage wherever they go. And then it is reported that some originally beautiful and clear lake became ugly and dirty, which conduces to various bacteria. Some of the tourists even have a weird habit of eating wild animals, whose practice, to some extent, encourages the killing of wildlife. All the above-listed behaviors and many others gravely damaged our environment.On all accounts, harm that tourism brings to the environment has already been seen and will become more serious if tourism industry keeps developing in an uncontrolled manner. So what we should do in the current situation is to try to make a sustainable developmental plan, through whose implementation the balance between economic growth and environmentprotection can be maintained.April 20th,2009 Jenney,I know you’re looking for a part-time job. I just saw an ad about private English tutor for a schoolboy. Your English is so excellent, and you’re so patient with children. That’s a good job for you. Plus the boy lives near our campus, so do consider this. It’s agood chance to make money and gain experience.Yours,Lily。

考博英语作文优秀范文【十篇】1. Television Program and Their Effect on childrenTelevision programs regularly entertain, educate, effect and even frighten the majority of our children. Most children are allowed to watch whatever program is on, with little thought on the effect that particular show will have on a child. Most programs can be classed as beneficial or harmful, according to what effect the program might have on a child.The beneficial television programs are mainly thouse that educate the young. There are often specials on animal life. A few regular children’s programs develop the child’s interest in school-type learning by stressing numbers and the alphablt, and that encourages him or her to be creative. The beneficial commercials, such as those on anti-smoking, anti-litter, and health, should be included in this category.On the opposite side are the shows, which are generally harmful to children. Many commercials, especially those sponsoring the children’s programs, are deliberately written to create a desire for an unnecessary product such as sugar coated cereals and candy. All adult programs that include violence or sex scenes can at best fill a child’s mind with confusing or misleading ideas, and could possib ly harden the child toviolence.Thoughtful parents will definitely not allow their children to view the bad programs. A child’s viewing time should be limited to watching educationlly benefical programs.2. How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big CitiesWith the development of modern industryu, more and more people are flowing into big cities. Accordingly, the housing problem in big cities is becoming more and more serious.People have offered many solutions to this problem. I think building satellite cities in the suburbs is more practical. The fresh air and beautiful secnery in the suburbs will be appealing to the city citizens, who suffer from air pollution, noises, etc. in the overcrowded city. With more people leaving the city, more space will be available for those remaining. The housinmg problem in big cities will thus be solved.3. “The younger generaton knows best”Old people are always saying that the young are not what they were. Thesame comments is made from generation to generation and it is always true. It has never been truer than ti is today. The young are better educated. They have a lot more money to spend and enjoy more freedom. They grow up more quickly and are not so dependent on their parents. They think more for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideas of their elders. Events, which the older generation remembers vividly, are nothing more than past history. This is as it should be. Every new generation is different from the one preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed.The old always assume thaty they know best for the simple reason that they have been around a bit longer. They don’t like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this precisely what the young are doing. They are questioning the assumptions of their elders and disturbing their complacency. They take leave to doubt that the older generation has created the best of all possible worlds. What they reject more than anything is conformity. Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery. Wouldn’t people work best if they were given complete freedom and responsibility? And what about clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear drab grey suits and convict haircuts? If we turn our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politicsor by violent means? Who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Who said that human differences can best be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generation so often used violence to solven their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in their personal lives, so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more material possessions? Can anything be right with the rat —race? Haven’t the old lost touch with all that is important in life?There are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. Their record over the past forty years or so hasn’t been exactly spotless. Traditionally, the young have turned to their elders for guilance. Today, the situation might reversed. The old—if they are prepared to admit it —could learn a thing or two from their children. One of the biggest lessons they could learn is that enjoyment is not “sinful”. Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. It is surely not wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure to shed restricting inhibitions. It is surely not wrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. This emphasis on the present is only to be expressed because the young have grown up under the shadow of the bomb: the constant threat of complete annihilation. This is their glorious heritage. Can we be surprised that they should so often question the sanity of the generation thatbequeathed it ?4. Public TransportationAs part of domestic modernization, public transportation needs to be developed urgently in China. I can illustrate some examples.There does not only exist serious traffic jams but also crowded buses, underground and railways. Commuters find it hard to get to work on time due to overcrowded buses or tubes.Travelers could hardly get on buses in big cities during weedends owing to fewer buses and more people. When Spring Festival is drawing near, there is much greater –ressure on public transportation since it has to deal with a large number of travelers rushing home. And travelers need special arrangements to go home. In a word, public transportation has become bottleneck to the advanc of Chinese economy.To solve the above-mentioned problems, the departments concerned should carry out the following steps: to build more roads, highways or railways and to add buses or trains to the original lines. But ther funds have to be raised both from the government and the public.There are three sources for fund raising. One is to raise the fares for all kinds of all transportation vehicles. Another is to increase the prices for various vehicles on sale. The third is to raise the prices of petrol and diesel oil in addtion to the governmental funds. If all this money to raise the prices of petrol and diesel oiil in addtion to the governmental funds. If all this money collected is used to improve transportation services, the situation will be bettered and favorable.The third step to take is to introduce new technology in order to raise the efficiency of vehicles. For instance, the speed of trains can be increased as much as two times so that two times as many people can be held. In this way, the pressure on public transportation can be dramatically alleviated. So in a word, we need to introduce new technology to raise the speed of vehicles while having built even wider roads and added more efficient trains and huses.5. Human EducationThe other day, a professor from Peking University gave a lecture “Chinese Intellectuals and Written Cultural Text”. In his lecture, he held that Chinese intellectuals have lost the written cultural text since the May4th movement. His opinion set us thinking that the loss of traditional humane education resulted in a crisis of cultural education.With the rapid development of economy, the living standard of the Chinese people has improved a lot in terms of material wealth. In a period when economics take priority, people pay more aned more attention to profit. At present, moneymaking and pleasure seeking are becoming a popular fashion. On the other hand, there appears a barren field of spirit in today’s society. It has become unexpectedly hard to rebuild the paradise of traditional culture.Ideological confusion, moral decline and a chaotic cultural market, all this shows that it is the high time to have something done in order to tackle the problem of cultural orientation. Our times call for an ideal humane education.It is unwise to discard traditional Chinese culture as a whole. Some of the elements of this culture can be made use of in the reconstruction of our spiritual civilizaiton directly or wit5h some adaptation. Our attitude towards tradition should be “discarding the dross and selecting the essence”. The humane education of the past can serve as a supplement to our Marxist education. It should start from primary school. In this way, our children will get educated so as to be possessed of a perfect personality. The national morale will be deeply rooted in people’s mind,and will help push forward the growth of economy.To sum up, we can find it badly necessary to build up an ideal humane education. We should find an efficient way to develop our humane education and dig out5 more resources form traditional Chinese culture.6. Criticism on TelevisionA lot of people believe that television has a harmful effect on chldren. A few years ago, the same criticisms were made of the cinema. But although child psychoilogists have spent a great deal of time studying his problem, there is not much evidence that television brings about teenager’s crimes.For people in the modern worlds share the views of parents a hundred years ago. In those days, writers for children carefully avoided any reference to sex in their books, but had not inhibitions about including scenes of violence.The evidence collected suggests, however, that neither the subject, nor the action in itself frightens children. The context in which cruely or violence occurs is much more important.A good guide to what is psychologically healthy for a small child is therefore provided by a television series in which a boy and a girl are supposed to be exploring distant planets with their parents. In each story, they encounter strange monsters and find themselves in dangerous situations but the parents are reassuring and sensible, as a child’s paprents should be in real life. There is an adult character who is a coward and liar, but both the children are brave and , of course, every story ends happily.In my view, children should be exposed to the problems of real life as soon as possible, but they cannont help seeing these through news programs. When they are being entertained, the healthiest atmosphere is one which the hero and heroine are children like themselves who behave naturally and confidently in any situation.7. The ony thing people are interesed in today is earing more moneyOnce upon a time there lived a beautiful young woman and a handsome young man. They were very poor, but as they were deeply in love, they wanted to get married. The young people’s parents shook their heads. “You can’t get married yet.” They said. Wait till you get a good job withgood prospects. So the young people waited until they found good jobs with good prospects and they were able to get married. They were still poor, of course, they didn’t have a house to live in or any furniture, but that did’t matter. They young man had a good job with good prospects, so large organizations lent him the money he needed to buy a house, some furniture, all the latest electrical appliances and a car. The couple lived happily ever after paying off debts for the rest of their lves. And so ends another modern romantic fable.We live in a materialistic society and are trained from our earlist years to be acquistive. Our possessions, yours and mine are clearly labeled from early childhood. When we grow old enough to earn a living, it does not surpise us to discover that success is measured in terms of the money youearn. We spend the whole of ourlives keeping up with our neighbors, the Joneses. If we buy a new television set , Jones is bound to buy a bigger and better one. If we buy a new car, we can be sure that Jones will go one better and get two new cars: one for his wife and one for himself. The most amusing thing about this game is that Joneses and all the neighbors who are struggling frantically to keep up with them are spending borrowed money kindly provided, at a suitable rate of interest, of course, by friendly banks, insurance companies, etc.It is not only affluent societies that people are obsessed with the idea of making more money. Consumer goods are desirable everywhere and modern industry deliberately sets out to create new markets. Gone are the days when industrial goods were made to last forever. The wheels of industry must be kept turning. Built-in obsolescence provides the means; goods are made to be discarded. Cars get tinnier and tinnier. You no sooner acquire this year’s model than you are thinking about its replacement.This materialistic outlook has seriously influenced education. Fewer and fewer young people these days acquire knowledge only for its own sake. Every course of studies must lead somewhere. i.e. to a bigger wage packet. The demand for skilled personnel for exceeds the supply and big companies compete with each other to recruit students before they have completed their studies. Tempting salaries and “fringe benefits” are offered to them. Recruiting tactics of this kind have led to the brain drain, the process by which highly skilled people offer their services to the highest bidder. The wealthier nations deprive their poorer neighbors of their most able citizens. While Mammon is worshipped as never before, the rich get richers and the poor, poorer.8. Communication and LanguageOne of the first things we think about when we hear the word communication language. There are thousands of languages spoken around the world today. In fact, linguistis say that there may be as many as 10000.Speaking with others is an important means of communication, but we can also communicate without using words, that is by nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication includes voice quality, eyes movement, facial expression and body movements such as gestures and change in body position. But many people do not realize that everyone uses nonverbal communication. Sometimes, we “say” more with our face and gestures that we do with our voices.Books, magazines, newspapers, radio, television, are other means of communication. Today we can also communicate over long distance with the help of communications satellites. Some scientists say that soon machines will be developed for sending message through the earth. The technology necessary to build these machines is very complex. But the language we speak every day is much more complex than the most modern communication technology.9. Cooperation Goes with CompetitionIn our times, cooperation and competition spread over the world. Both of them speed up the wheel of economy and enrich the intelligence of mankind. It is possible to accomplish a complicated program by only one person now. As we know, the more cooperation a company depends on, the more efficient it will become in business.Furthermore, we can’t avoid competition in our exchanges. From time to time, we compare ourselves with others, expecting to catch up with others. This is the spirit of competition, by which we pursue the highest goal. It is only by competition in the market that a company can raise its reputation. Were it not for competition, say, all of us would not enjoy what we have achieved.10. The Rise of Intellectual Property ProtectionIntellectural property scarcely existed in the vocabularies of academic researchers and administrators even 15 years ago. Now it is an ever-present part of discussions on research policies and directions. This new importance of intellectual property in academia reflects a changingview on ther relationships of research at universities to the surrounding society. Until recently, research at universities has been relatively isolated from demands of economic utility,and education of graduate students has emphasized a career in academic research as the final goal.Now almost all research universities in the United States have technology licensing operations. The number of U.S. patents granted to American universities in a year rose from about 300 in 1980 to almost 2000 in 1995. The direct economic impact of technology licensing on the universities themselves has been relatively small. In contrast, the impact of university technology transfer on the local and national economies has been substantial, and leads to the concusion that the Licensing Act ( ) is one of the most successful pieces of economic development in recent history. It has been estimated that more than 200000 jobs have been created in the United States in product development and manufacturing of products from university licenses, with the number increasing fairly rapidly as the licenses mature.Intellectual property terms have become vitally important. The company wants to be assured that it can use the results of the research-and that these results will not be available to their competitors. But most universities insist that transfer of research results is key to their identityand mission and will not agree to keep the project results secret. The key to resolving this dilemman is to grant patents: the university will publish the results, but will first agree to file patents that will protect the company’s privilege in the commercial market place.。

2009年考研英语真题作文【篇一：考研英语短文写作09年真题分析(含评分标准)】考研英语短文写作十年真题分析第十节 2009年section iii writing2009年考研英语考试结束了。

今年走出考场的考生普遍感觉今年的试题较往年难度有所降低，尤其是写作部分两道题目难度适中，大家基本发挥出了正常水平。

下面针对小作文和大作文分别给予点评，并提供阅卷的范文供大家参考。

part a51. directions:一．审题构思小作文去年考的道歉信，09年小作文要求写一封建议信。

今年的建议信相比07年的建议信要求更加具体，且话题更为熟悉。

考生对这个话题可写的东西比较多。

且在平时大作文的训练中考生都接触过不少表达观点看法和提出建议的方法，尤其在环境保护方面的建议措施接触的更多，因此这篇小作文题材大家非常熟悉，难度适中。

如果同学在考前临阵抱佛脚，只要把建议信的套话背下来，比如建议信的第一句话怎么写，中间怎么写，最后一句怎么结尾，直接把有关内容换成白色污染即可。

二．框架思路确切地讲，今年的小作文仍然是没有脱离开过去的老套，又是一封信，而这封信对同学们来讲，是我们很熟悉的白色塑料袋的使用问题。

有很多商家为了争取自己定期的常客，他们可能会想到促销的手段或者销售的途径，那就是说送给你塑料袋，方便你使用。

但是这些顾客们可能有些人是懂得或者说环保意识很强的，有些塑料袋，他们总是重复地去用；可是有一些不尽然，像年轻人这样，用过后就扔掉。

谈到了白色污染这个话题，就想给编辑写封信，信中反映的是你对这个现象的一个看法，之后，你应该提出一些解决的措施，所以这封信里面要讲的话一点都不难写，最重要的是我们要做一个对社会有责任的人，因为只有如此我们才能够用我们的心去感知这个社会的问题，才能真正从我们内心想出一些方法，使我们的社会更加洁净，这样才能更加和谐。

本文可以按三段处理，首段直接谈白色污染的情况，中段讲出解决问题的建议和措施，最后再次提醒编辑关注此事刻不容缓，并加强礼貌语气。

2009年3月中国科学院考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Drink coffee when you’re sleepy; it’s a good ______ and will help to keep you awake.A．incentiveB．promptC．stimulusD．appetite正确答案：C解析：本题答案是C。

C项stimulus意为“刺激物，促进因素”。

其他三项词义：incentive意为“刺激；鼓励”；prompt意为“催促，提醒”；appetite意为“食欲；胃口”。

2．Nearly 1,000 people are presumed dead as chances______of finding more survivors from the sunken Egyptian ferry.A．bubbleB．dwindleC．swayD．shiver正确答案：B解析：本题答案是B。

B项dwindle意为“减少，缩小”。

其他三项词义：bubble 意为“起泡，潺潺地流”；sway意为“摇摆，摇动”；shiver意为“打冷战，发抖”。

3．The only way he escaped from the bitter reality was to lose himself in a movie, allowing his imagination to______, viewing himself as a character in it.A．take upB．take onC．take offD．take over正确答案：D解析：本题答案是D。

考博英语作文万能模板As the competition for the doctoral program intensifies, writing a high-quality essay is becoming increasingly important for applicants. In order to help candidates improve their writing skills, this article provides a universal template for writing a successful essay for the doctoral program.Introduction。

The introduction should provide a brief overview of the topic and introduce the main points that will be discussedin the essay. It should also capture the reader's attention and make them interested in reading further.Body Paragraphs。

The body paragraphs should be organized around acentral thesis statement and should provide evidence and supporting arguments to prove this thesis. Each paragraphshould begin with a topic sentence that introduces the main idea of the paragraph. The evidence and arguments should be well-researched and cited properly. The paragraphs should flow logically and smoothly from one to the next.Conclusion。

2009年写作真题PART-B 详解Direction:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning, and then3)give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2经典范文:As is subtly revealed in the portrayal, a great many people are sufling online. Separated by the stretching spide web,these cyber citizens attempt to communicate with each other. Undoubtedly, the Internet exert such a profound effect on our life that it revolutionizes the way of people”s living and thinking.The exaggrative and impressive drawing has symbolically reflectly the duality of the relationship between the man and the Internet. The spider web epitomizes the Internet which is the most efficient contemporary media of interpersonsal communication. People isolated from each other represent those net citizens who have lost the skill of face-to-face contact and get alienated from each other. The fact that people feel reluctant to contact others directly indicates that to some extent some people are too much addicted to Internet to maintain a regular and a wholesome lifestyle.Hence, it is necessary for us to use the Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from overindulgence. For one thing, in addition to providing us many of the facilities and services we now must travel to obtain, with the Internet, the computer will even let us communicate directly with people all over the world and with information sources worldwide. For another, as nearly all activities could be conducted in the comfort of our own homes or offices, we could all become hermit-like, never feeling any need to leave the computer. Accordingly, the challenge of the Internet means we should consider how we can use it, so that it won”t control us.19分作文样例:As is illustrated in the cartoon, each person sits in their own work room. In front of them is a computer. Everyone looks at the screen carefully, and communicate with their colleagues through the net instead of talking face to face. Their work places are placed like a net. And below the cortoon, there is a topic which says: the near and far among the Internet.From the cartoon, we can conclude that the cartoonist wants to convey such a message: with the populality of computers, people from all over the world become nearer by using the Internet to communicate with each other. Meanwhile, people also become far away from their friends. All of us accept the fact that the development of the internet brings lots of conveniences to our daily life, for instance, we can buy a book on the net instead of going to a bookstore. Besides, we can communicate with our friends on the net without going out of home. But we can not ignore the other side of these: the time we spend with friends or family become less. And we hardly see them once in a week. It will make us feel lonely if we continue to use the tool on the net to talk with friends instead of talking with them on the phone or going out with them.To my best understanding , we should use the net communicate with each other in a proper way. It is just a tool when we really need it to serve us. If we want to keep our friendship moreeffectively, we should spend more time with them in our real life. Only in this way can we not only make full use of the communication tool on the net but also make our friendship stronger.。

博士英语作文万能模板Title: The Importance of Doctoral Education。

In recent years, doctoral education has become increasingly popular around the world. More and more people are pursuing doctoral degrees to advance their careers and contribute to the academic community. In this essay, I will discuss the importance of doctoral education and its impact on individuals and society.First and foremost, doctoral education plays a crucial role in advancing knowledge and innovation. Through rigorous research and scholarly inquiry, doctoral students are able to make significant contributions to their fields of study. They are often at the forefront of new discoveries and breakthroughs, which can have a profound impact on society. For example, a doctoral student in the field of medicine may conduct research that leads to the development of a new treatment for a life-threatening disease. In this way, doctoral education has the potential to improve the quality of life for people around the world.Furthermore, doctoral education is essential for the development of critical thinking and analytical skills. Doctoral students are required to engage in independent research and analysis, which helps them to develop a deep understanding of their subject matter. This ability to think critically and analytically is not only valuable in an academic context, but also in the professional world. Employers often seek out individuals with advanced degrees for their ability to solve complex problems and think creatively. Therefore, doctoral education can open up new career opportunities and lead to greater professional success.In addition, doctoral education is important for the cultivation of future leaders and educators. Many doctoral students go on to become professors, researchers, and thought leaders in their respective fields. They play a key role in shaping the next generation of scholars and professionals. By sharing their knowledge and expertise, they can inspire and mentor others to pursue their own academic and professional goals. In this way,doctoral education has a ripple effect, as the impact of a single doctoral student can be felt across generations.Finally, doctoral education is important for the advancement of society as a whole. The research and scholarship produced by doctoral students can have far-reaching implications for public policy, economic development, and social progress. For example, a doctoral student in the field of environmental science may conduct research that informs government policies on climate change. By contributing to the collective knowledge of society, doctoral students can help to address some of the most pressing challenges facing the world today.In conclusion, doctoral education is of paramount importance for individuals and society. It not only advances knowledge and innovation, but also fosters critical thinking, cultivates future leaders, and contributes to the betterment of society. As the demand for highly skilled professionals continues to grow, the value of doctoral education will only become more apparent in the years to come.。

2009年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题参考答案及解析Paper OnePart Ⅰ Listening Comprehension （30 ％）Section A1. D 女士的话Finally(终于通过了）说明John用了很长时间才通过这门考试。

2。

B 男士听到乘出租只要两小时后说“I'm up for that”，意思是我愿意这样做，即乐意乘出租车。

up for sth。

意思是愿意做某件事。

3。

C 由女士的话12135551212可知选C。

4。

C 由女士的话She came to see me this morning complaining a pain in her right leg可知病人的抱怨是右腿疼.5。

B 女士说：我要离开一周,我希望你能接着处理这里的事务,男士说You have nothing to worry about(你什么都不用担心），可知女士在给男士交待任务，应该是老板和秘书的关系.6. C 男士先说I feel ashamed to ask him for help（我不好意思找他帮忙），女士安慰说他是你的哥哥，然后男士说I'll call him tonight(我今晚给他电话),可知男士今天可能会找他哥哥帮忙.7。

B 由男士的话Now I am going retake your left leg and see how far you can raise it Keep the knee straight。

Does that hurt at an可知男士在给女士做检查。

8. D 女士说I have just made plans to play tennis,男士说Oh,that’s too bad. Maybe some other time，可知女士还要继续按自己的计划去打台球。

9. A 男士说She's been here as long as I have可知Louise并不是新来的护士.10。

考博英语：英语作文模板及写作解析学海无涯苦作舟明灯指路汇仙苑Model 1 问题解决型Paragraph 1 介绍主题With the rapid development of market-oriented economy, an increasing number of people are concerned about the problem of 问题 in our society. It has brought about a great influence on people’s work and living. Therefore, not only… but also … have to pay more attention to this phenomenon.Paragraph 2 原因分析So far as I know, some driving factors that contribute to the above-mentioned problem can be illustrated as follows. To begin with, …. In addition,…. And furthermore,….Paragraph 3 解决办法Based on what has been discussed so far , it follows that some effective solutions should be found to deal with the problem of ______. One the one hand, …; on the other hand,…. Only in this way can we finalize this problem successfully and effectively.Model 2 积极有利型Paragraph 1 引出话题，描述话题的重要性;Along with the rapid development of science and technology ( market - oriented economy, electric in dustry, higher education…) an increasing number of people come to realize that ____ is something that we cannot do without, especially in such an intensely competitive society. Paragraph 2 分析其重要性的原因或具体表现;( 事物本身的价值属性 + 社会意义) There can be no doubt that The importance of 主题 can be most clearly seen in the following aspects. To begin with, …. In addition,…. Andfinally, …. (附加句 it is extremely difficult for us to imagine what our modern life would be like without_______. )Paragraph 3 如何发扬光大。

社科院博士生初试考试英语试题及答案细节决定成败，学习重在积累，面对日益严峻的竞争环境，越来越多的在职人员纷纷加入到考博的进修行列中，社会科学院的博士生考试英语试题历来以超难著称，下面我领略一下吧!自2015年起社科院博士生英语考试开始启用如下考题类型，下面我们一起来看看社科院的博士生初试考试英语个性考题吧~试卷第三部分(包括阅读7 选5、概要)，请考生直接写在英语试题答题纸上的指定位置，不再提供额外的答题纸。

PART III: Reading and Writing 10 Section A (10 points) Directions: Some sentences have been removed in the following text. Choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the blanks. There are two extra choices which do not fit in any of the blanks.(1) __________________ Player 1 may not know these particular words of wisdom, but chances are she’s thinking much the same as she tries to decide whether to send Player 2 some of her $10 stake. If she does, the money will be tripled, and her anonymous partner can choose to return none, some, or all of the cash. But why should Player 2 send anything back? And why should Player 1 give anything in the first place? Despite the iron logic of this argument, she types in her command to send some money. A few moments later she smiles, seeing from her screen that Player 2 has returned a tidy sum that leaves them both showing a net profit.(2) ___________________ Based on exactly the same cold logic that Player 1 dismissed, the so-called Nash equilibrium predicts that in economic transactions between strangers, where one has to make decisions based on a forecast of another’s response, the optimal level of trust is zero. Yet despite the economicorthodoxy, the behavior of Players 1 and 2 is not exceptional. In fact, over the course of hundreds of such trials, it turns out that about half of Player 1s send some money, and three- quarters of Player 2s who receive it send some back.Zak is a leading protagonist in the relatively new field of neuroeconomics, which aims to understand human social interactions through every level from synapse to society. It is a hugely ambitious undertaking. By laying bare the mysteries of such nebulous human attributes as trust, neuroeconomists hope to transform our self- understanding. (3) _________________ “ As we learn more about the remarkable internal order of the mind, we will also understand far more deeply the social mind and therefore the external order of personal exchange, and the extend ed order of exchange through markets.”(4) __________________ As Zak’s collaborator Steve Knack of the World Bank points out: “Trust is one of the most powerful factors affecting a country’s economic health. Where trust is low, individuals and organizations are more wary about engaging in financial transactions, which tends to depress the national economy.”And trust levels differ greatly between nations. The World Values Survey, based at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, has asked people in countries around the world, “Do you think strangers can generally be trusted?” the positive response rate varies from about 65% in Norway to about 5% in Brazil. (5) __________________ “Policy-makers in these latter countries might be urgently interested in mechanisms that enable them to raise national trust levels,” observes Knack.A. Even more intriguingly, it seems that this urge to respond positively when someone shows trust in us is largely outside ourcontrol.B. Crucially for international economic development, what is true for individuals turns out also to be true for nations.C. Disturbingly, countries where trust is lower than a critical level of about 30%—as is the case in much of South America and Africa – risk falling into a permanent suspicion- locked poverty trap.D. “It’s good to trust; it’s better not to,” goes an Italian proverb.E. They believe their findings even have the potential to help make societies more productive 11 and successful.F. He points out that our brains have been tailored by evolution to cope with group living.G. This outcome doesn’t just flout proverbial wisdom, it thumbs its nose at economic theory.Section B (10 points) Directions: Write a 100—120-word summary of the article in this part.。