Distributed-Temperature-Sensor多路温度传感器大学毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文

Met One Instruments, IncCorporate Sales & Service: 1600 NW Washington Blvd. Grants Pass, OR 97526 Tel (541) 471-7111 Fax (541) 471-7116 **********************MODEL T-200PLATINUM RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE SENSOROPERATION MANUALCopyright NoticeT-200-9800 OPERATION MANUAL© Copyright 2001 Met One Instruments, Inc. All Rights Reserved Worldwide. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any other language in any form by any means without the express written permission of Met One Instruments, Inc.Technical SupportShould you require support, please consult your printed documentation to resolve your problem. If you are still experiencing difficulty, you may contact a Technical Service representative during normal business hours—7:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Pacific Time, Monday through Friday.Voice: (541) 471-7111Fax: (541) 471-7116E-Mail: ******************Mail: Technical Services DepartmentMet One Instruments, Inc.1600 NW Washington BlvdGrants Pass, OR 97526T-200 PLATINUM RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE SENSOROPERATION MANUALCONTENTSPage1. Specifications 42. Installation in Power Aspirated Shield (PN 327C or 076B) 63. Installation in Wind Aspirated Shield (PN 073B or 5980) 64. Sensor Connections 7ILLUSTRATIONSFigure1 Platinum Resistance Temperature Sensor Dimensions 52. Terminal Board Identification for Connection of RTD toProcessor Mounted in 49.03 Rack Mount 83. RTD Schematics 9TABLESTable1 Typical Sensor Formulas 102. Typical Computed Values, Celsius 113. Typical Computed Values, Fahrenheit 12PLATINUM RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE SENSOR1.0 SPECIFICATIONSResistance Element PlatinumNominal Resistance R o = 100 ± 0.1ΩSensitivity α = 0.00385 ± 0.00002 Ω/Ω/︒COperating Range -50︒C to +100︒COperating Environment Atmospheric air temperature (sheltered fromnormal precipitation)Time constant Less than 10 seconds in well stirred water bathTime Stability Temperatures, as computed from the probecalibration data, must be within ±0.05︒C over aone-year period from the time of calibration Sensor Sheath Type 300 series stainless steelLead WiresNumber FourGauge # 22Material Standard CopperPlating OptionalInsulation TeflonDimensions See FIGURE 12.0 INSTALLATION IN POWER ASPIRATED SHIELDS2.1 To mount the sensor, assemble retaining bracket for selected sensor to mount onmounting butts located in the neck of shield assembly. The supplied clip assemblyshould only be used for sensors with a nominal cross-sectional diameter of 0.25 inch.Attach sensor and install in sensor cavity.2.2 When used in the Model 327C Motor Aspirated Temperature Shield, a cable partnumber 1734 will be required to connect to the sensor, See FIGURE 3CAUTIONLower tip of sensor must not fall lower than 3 ¼ inches from under side of umbrellashield. If sensor tip falls below this point, remount. Failure to do so may result intemperature reading errors exceeding specifications during periods of maximum solarradiation.2.3 Thread the sensor leads through the air duct assembly and out from the grommetlocated on the underside of the tube. Mount the triple shield assembly to the air ductassembly.2.4 For additional information, see Manual 327C.2.5 When used in the Power Aspirated Shield Model 076B, the 1734 cable is not requiredand the sensor is connected directly to the terminal block inside the internal junction box of the 076B Shield.2.6 The temperature sensor is held in place by the two nylon ¼” sensor holders in thecenter tube of the removable lower section of the 076B Power Aspirated Shield. Insert the sensor down into the center section. The sensor should not touch the bottom of the shield but should be about 2 inch above the bottom plate in the shield center section. 2.7 For additional information, see Manual 076B3.0 INSTALLATION IN WIND ASPIRATED SHIELD3.1 The sensor units are precision instruments sturdily constructed for worst-caseenvironmental abuse, but careful handling should be observed when unpacking andinstalling so as not to cause damage that may degrade their performance.3.2 Using the adapter plate part number 10418, the T-200 Sensor can be used in both theModel 5980 and Model 073B Wind Aspirated Temperature Shields.3.3 The temperature probe should first be inserted through the rubber seal in the cord gripfitting of the 10418 Adapter Plate. It should extend approximately 2” above the plate.Once set to the correct position, the collar of the cord grip fitting can be tightened tosecure the probe in the collar.3.4 For additional information, see Manuals 073B or 59804.0 SENSOR CONNECTIONS4.1 Care must be exercised when installing the RTD and connecting it to the processor.Because of the low level signals (i.e. 4 μ V = 0.01︒C) being processed, errors can beinduced by noisy connectors, thermally induced junction voltages, and FRI generatedvoltages.4.2 Low thermal solder should be used to make signal wire (two per RTD) connections ifthere is a possibility of the junctions being at different temperatures. Where pre-tinned wire is used, the wire should be stripped or scraped to the copper before using lowthermal solder.4.3 Proper signal polarity must be observed when connecting RTDs to the Met OneInstruments 21.32 or 21.43 Processors. FIGURE 2 indicates polarity designations and gives pin assignments to be followed. FIGURE 3 gives the RTD schematics.4.4 When connecting to data logger or other devices, this polarity should also be maintainedto insure accurate measurement from the sensor.4.5 The typical connections to be made are l+ and l- to drive the RTD, and E+ and E- tobring the signal back to the processor. l+ and E+ and l- and E- are normally tiedtogether within the RTD probe as close to the actual platinum sensor as possible. Noother connection between the two wires should be made.RTD SCHEMATICSTABLE 1TYPICAL SENSOR FORMULASR P = R O * (1 + α * T + K + L)K = α * δ * (T/100) * (1 – T/100)L = α * β * (T/100) * (T/100) * (T/100) * (1 – T/100)R P = Sensor Resistance at temperature TT = Temperature in CelsiusR O = Sensor resistance at 0︒ Celsius, 100α = Nominal sensitivity, 0.00385δ = Nonlinearity, α * δ = 0.00580195β = Low temperature correction,α * β = 0, temperature above 0︒ Celsiusα * β = 0.00042735, temperature below 0︒ CelsiusTYPICAL COMPUTED VALUES, CELSIUSPROGRAM IECRVST/BASRO = 100 ALPHA= 3.85 E-3DELTA = 1.507 BETA = 0.111Temperature Resistance Temperature Resistance Temperature Resistance Centigrade Ohms Centigrade Ohms Centigrade Ohms -50 80.307 0 100.000 50 119.395 -49 80.704 1 100.391 51 119.780 -48 81.101 2 100.781 52 120.165 -47 81.498 3 101.172 53 120.550 -46 81.894 4 101.562 54 120.934 -45 82.291 5 101.953 55 121.319 -44 82.687 6 102.343 56 121.703 -43 83.083 7 102.733 57 122.087 -42 83.479 8 103.123 58 122.471 -41 83.875 9 103.513 59 122.855 -40 84.271 10 103.902 60 123.239 -39 84.667 11 104.292 61 123.623 -38 85.063 12 104.681 62 124.007 -37 85.458 13 105.071 63 124.390 -36 85.853 14 105.460 64 124.774 -35 86.248 15 105.849 65 125.157 -34 86.643 16 106.238 66 125.540 -33 87.038 17 106.627 67 125.923 -32 87.433 18 107.016 68 126.306 -31 87.828 19 107.404 69 126.689 -30 88.222 20 107.793 70 127.072 -29 88.617 21 108.181 71 127.454 -28 89.011 22 108.570 72 127.837 -27 89.405 23 108.958 73 129.219 -26 89.799 24 109.346 74 128.602 -25 90.193 25 109.734 75 128.984 -24 90.587 26 110.122 76 129.366 -23 90.980 27 110.509 77 129.748 -22 91.374 28 110.897 78 130.130 -21 91.767 29 111.284 79 130.511 -20 92.160 30 111.672 80 130.893 -19 92.553 31 112.059 81 131.274 -18 92.946 32 112.446 82 131.656 -17 93.339 33 112.833 83 132.037 -16 93.732 34 113.220 84 132.418 -15 94.125 35 113.607 85 132.799 -14 94.517 36 113.994 86 133.180 -13 94.910 37 114.380 87 133.561 -12 95.302 38 114.767 88 133.941 -11 95.694 39 115.153 89 134.322 -10 96.086 40 115.539 90 134.702 -9 96.478 41 115.925 91 135.083 -8 96.870 42 116.311 92 135.463 -7 97.262 43 116.697 93 135.843 -6 97.653 44 117.083 94 136.223 -5 98.045 45 117.469 95 136.603 -4 98.436 46 117.854 96 136.982 -3 98.827 47 118.240 97 137.362 -2 99.218 48 118.625 98 137.741 -1 99.609 49 119.010 99 138.1210 100.000 50 119.395 100 138.500TYPICAL COMPUTED VALUES, FAHRENHEITPROGRAM IECRVST/BASRO = 100 ALPHA= 3.85E-3DELTA = 1.507 BETA = 0.111Temperature Resistance Temperature Resistance Temperature Resistance Fahrenheit Ohms Fahrenheit Ohms Fahrenheit Ohms -70 77.656 30 99.566 130 121.105 -68 78.098 32 100.000 132 121.532 -66 78.540 34 100.434 134 121.959 -64 78.982 36 100.868 136 122.386 -62 79.424 38 101.302 138 122.813 -60 79.865 40 101.716 140 123.239 -58 80.307 42 102.169 142 123.666 -56 80.748 44 102.603 144 124.092 -54 81.189 46 103.036 146 124.518 -52 81.630 48 103.469 148 124.944 -50 82.071 50 103.902 150 125.370 -48 82.511 52 104.335 152 125.796 -46 82.951 54 104.768 154 126.221 -44 83.391 56 105.200 156 126.647 -42 83.831 58 105.633 158 127.072 -40 84.271 60 106.065 160 127.497 -38 84.711 62 106.497 162 127.922 -36 85.150 64 106.929 164 128.347 -34 85.590 66 107.361 166 128.771 -32 86.029 68 107.793 168 129.196 -30 86.468 70 108.224 170 129.620 -28 86.907 72 108.656 172 130.045 -26 87.345 74 109.087 174 130.469 -24 87.784 76 109.518 176 130.893 -22 88.222 78 109.949 178 131.317 -20 88.660 80 110.380 180 131.740 -18 89.098 82 110.811 182 132.164 -16 89.536 84 111.241 184 132.587 -14 89.974 86 111.672 186 133.011 -12 90.412 88 112.102 188 133.434 -10 90.849 90 112.532 190 133.857 -8 91.286 92 112.962 192 134.280 -6 91.723 94 113.392 194 134.702 -4 92.160 96 113.822 196 135.125 -2 92.597 98 114.251 198 135.5470 93.034 100 114.681 200 135.9692 93.470 102 115.110 202 136.3924 93.907 104 115.539 204 136.8146 94.343 106 115.968 206 137.2358 94.779 108 116.397 208 137.65710 95.215 110 116.826 210 138.07912 95.651 112 117.254 212 138.50014 96.086 114 117.683 214 138.92116 96.522 116 118.111 216 139.34218 96.957 118 118.539 218 139.76320 97.392 120 118.967 220 140.18422 97.827 122 119.395 222 140.60524 98.262 124 119.823 224 141.02526 98.697 126 120.250 226 141.44628 99.131 128 120.678 228 141.86630 99.566 130 121.105 230 142.286。

. sensorssensors(English name: transducer/sensor) is a kind of detection device, can feel the measured information, and will feel information transformation according to certain rule become electrical signal output, or other form of information needed to satisfy the information transmission, processing, storage, display, record and control requirements.Sensor's features include: miniaturization, digital, intelligent, multi-functional, systematic and network. It is the first step of automatic detection and automatic control. The existence and development of the sensor, let objects have sensory, such as touch, taste and smell let objects become live up slowly. Usually according to its basic cognitive functions are divided into temperature sensor, light sensor, gas sensor, force sensor, magnetic sensor, moisture sensor, acoustic sensor, radiation sensitive element, color sensor and sensor etc. 10 major categories.temperature transducerTemperature sensors (temperature transducer) refers to can feel temperature translates into usable output signal of the sensor. The temperature sensor is the core part of the temperature measuring instrument, wide variety. According to measuring methods could be divided into two types: contact and non-contact, according to the sensor material and electronic component features divided into two categories, thermal resistance and thermocouple.1 principle of thermocoupleThermocouple is composed of two different materials of metal wire, the welded together at the end. To measure the heating part of the environment temperature, can accurately know the temperature of the hot spots. Because it must have two different material of the conductor, so called the thermocouple. Different material to make the thermocouple used in different temperature range, their sensitivity is also each are not identical. The sensitivity of thermocouple refers to add 1 ℃hot spot temperature changes, the output variation of potential difference. For most of the metal material support thermocouple, this value about between 5 ~ 40 microvolt / ℃.As a result of the thermocouple temperature sensor sensitivity has nothing to do with the thickness of material, use very fine material also can make the temperature sensor. Also due to the production of thermocouple metal materials have good ductility, the slight temperature measuring element has high response speed, can measure the process of rapid change.Its advantages are:(1)high precision measurement. Because of thermocouple direct contact with the object being measured, not affected by intermediate medium.(2)the measurement range. Commonly used thermocouple from 1600 ℃to 50 ℃ ~ + sustainable measurement, some special thermocouple minimum measurable to - 269 ℃ (e.g., gold iron nickel chrome), the highest measurable to + 2800 ℃ (such as tungsten rhenium).(3) simple structure, easy to use. Thermocouple is usually composed of two different kinds of metal wire, but is not limited by the size and the beginning of, outside has protective casing, so very convenient to use. The thermocouple type and structure of the form.2. The thermocouple type and structure formation(1)the types of thermocoupleThe commonly used thermocouple could be divided into two types: standard thermocouple and non-standard thermocouple. Standard thermocouple refers to the national standard specifies its thermoelectric potential and the relationship between temperature, permissible error, and a unified standard score table of thermocouple, it has with matching display instrument to choose from. Rather than a standard thermocouple or on the order of magnitude less than the range to use standardized thermocouple, in general, there is no uniform standard, it is mainly used for measurement of some special occasions.Standardized thermocouple is our country from January 1, 1988, thermocouple and thermal resistance of all production according to IEC international standard, and specify the S, B, E, K, R, J, T seven standardization thermocouple type thermocouple for our country unified design.(2)to ensure that the thermocouple is reliable, steady work, the structure of thermocouple requirements are as follows:①of the two thermocouple thermal electrode welding must be strong;②two hot electrode should be well insulated between each other, in case of short circuit;③compensation wires connected to the free cod of a thermocouple to convenient and reliable;④protect casing thermal electrodes should be able to make sufficient isolation and harmful medium.3.The thermocouple cold end temperature compensationDue to the thermocouple materials are generally more expensive (especiallywhen using precious metals), and the temperature measurement points are generally more far, the distance to the instrument in order to save materials, reduce cost, usually adopt the compensating conductor) (the free end of the cold junction of the thermocouple to the steady control of indoor temperature, connected to the meter terminals. It must be pointed out that the role of the thermocouple compensation wire extension hot electrode, so that only moved to the control room of the cold junction of the thermocouple instrument on the terminal, it itself does not eliminate the cold end temperature change on the influence of temperature, cannot have the compensation effect. So, still need to take some of the other correction method to compensate of the cold end temperature especially when t0 indicates influence on measuring temperature 0 ℃.Must pay attention to when using thermocouple compensating conductor model match, cannot be wrong polarity, compensation conductor should be connected to the thermocouple temperature should not exceed 100 ℃.传感器传感器（英文名称：transducer/sensor）是一种检测装置，能感受到被测量的信息，并能将感受到的信息，按一定规律变换成为电信号或其他所需形式的信息输出，以满足信息的传输、处理、存储、显示、记录和控制等要求。

露点温度传感器发展趋势综述聂晶，刘曦（北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院，北京 100191）摘要：介绍了目前露点温度传感器领域的研究现状，阐述了光学式、谐振式、电学式、热学式、重量式、化学式露点温度传感器的原理及构造，指出光学式露点温度传感器测量精度极高，其中冷镜式露点仪可作为湿度计量标准；谐振式露点温度传感器具有体积小、成本低、响应时间短、灵敏度高、可靠性好的特点；电学式露点温度传感器灵敏度高、功耗小，便于实现小型化、集成化；重量法是准确度最高的湿度绝对测量方法；化学法常用来测量低湿环境下的有机混合气体。

探讨了露点温度传感器在环境监测、工业制造、医疗诊断等领域的应用情况，指出未来露点温度传感器将会向高精度、高稳定性、高响应的方向发展，且应用范围将进一步拓展，以满足极端环境下的测量需求。

关键词：湿度测量；露点温度传感器；湿度传感器中图分类号：TB94；TP212 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1674-5795（2024）01-0043-17Review of the development trends of dew point temperature sensorsNIE Jing, LIU Xi(School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China) Abstract: Introducing the current research status in the field of dew‐point temperature sensors, and expounding the principles and structures of optical, resonant, electrical, thermal, weight and chemical dew‐point temperature sensors. It is pointed out that the optical dew point temperature sensor has high measurement accuracy, and the cold mirror dew point sensor can be used as the humidity measurement standard. The resonant dew point temperature sensor has the characteris‐tics of small size, low cost, short response time, high sensitivity and good reliability. The electrical dew point temperature sensor has high sensitivity and low power consumption, which is convenient for miniaturization and integration. Gravimetric method is the most accurate absolute humidity measurement method and the basis for establishing humidity benchmark. Chemical methods are often used to measure organic gas mixtures in low humidity. The application of dew point tempera‐ture sensor in environmental monitoring, industrial manufacturing, medical diagnosis and other fields is discussed. It is pointed out that dew point temperature sensors will develop towards high precision, high stability and high response in the future, and their application range will be further expanded to meet the measurement needs in extreme environments.Key words: humidity measurement; dew point temperature sensor; humidity sensor0　引言湿度表示大气中水汽含量的多少，即大气的干、湿程度。

CY7/670 Series Temperature SensorsApplication NotesM-4447/0307INSTALLATION AND OPERATIONThree aspects of using a temperature sensor are critical to its optimum performance:• the proper electrical and thermal installation of the connecting leads that run to the sensor• the actual mounting of the sensor to the sample assembly• the measurement electronics used for reading and recording temperature data from the sensorConnecting LeadsAlthough the majority of the CY7/CY670 series sensors are two-lead devices, measurements are preferably made using a four-wire configuration to avoid all uncertainties associated with leadresistance. This is done by using four connecting leads to the device and connecting the V+ and I+ leads to the anode and the V– and I– leads to the cathode as shown in Figure 1. The exact point at which the connecting leads are soldered to the device leads results in negligible temperature measurement uncertainties.In a two-wire measurement configuration, thevoltage connections (point A in Figure 1) are made near or at the current source, so only two leads are actually connected to the device. Some loss in accuracy can be expected since the voltagemeasured at the voltmeter is the sum of the diode voltage and the voltage drop across the connecting leads. The exact temperatureuncertainty will depend on the temperature range and lead resistance. For a 10-ohm leadresistance, the diode voltage will be offset by 0.1 mV, which gives a negligible temperature error at liquid helium temperature but a 50 mK error near liquid nitrogen temperature. Note the PI and CY adapter can be used only in a two-wire configuration.An excessive heat flow through the connecting leads to any temperature sensor can create asituation where the active sensing element (for the CY7/670 series this is the diode chip) is at adifferent temperature than the sample to which the sensor is mounted. This is then reflected as a real temperature offset between what is measured and the true sample temperature. Such temperature errors can be eliminated by proper selection and installation of the connecting leads.In order to minimize any heat flow through the leads, the leads should be of small diameter and low thermal conductivity. Phosphor-bronze ormanganin wire is commonly used in sizes 32 or 36 AWG. These wires have a fairly poor thermalconductivity yet the resistivities are not so large as to create any problems in four-wire measurements.Lead wires should also be thermally anchored at several temperatures between room temperature and cryogenic temperatures to guarantee that heat is not being conducted through the leads to the sensor. A final thermal anchor at the sample itself is a good practice to assure thermal equilibrium between the sample and the temperature sensor. Note that the CU, CY, SO, and DI mounting adapters serve as their own sample thermal anchor.I the connecting leads have only a thin insulation such as vinyl acetal or other varnish type coating, a simple thermal anchor can be made by winding the wires around a copper post or other thermal mass and bonding them in place with a thin layer of CYAV varnish. There are a variety of other ways in which thermal anchors can be fabricated; a number of guidelines can be found in detail inthe following references.Figure 1. Four-Wire Configuration for CY7/670 Series Sensor InstallationSensor MountingGeneral CommentsBefore installing the CY7/670 series sensor,identify which lead is the anode and which lead isthe cathode by referring to the accompanyingdevice drawings. Be sure that lead identificationremains clear even after installation of the sensor,and record the serial number and location.The procedure used to solder the connectingleads is not very critical and there is very littledanger in overheating the sensor. If for somereason the leads need to be cut short, they shouldbe heat sunk with a copper clip or needle-nosepliers before soldering. Standard rosin-coreelectronic solder (m.p. 180C) is suitable for mostapplications. Applications involving the use of theSD package up to 200 °C require a higher meltingpoint solder. A 90% Pb 10% Sn solder has beenused quite successfully with a rosin flux.For all adapters except the CY, CU, and DI, theleads are gold-plated Kovar. Prolonged solderingtimes may cause the solder to creep up the gold-plated leads as the solder and the gold alloy. Thisis not detrimental to the device performance.When installing the sensor:• Make sure there are no shorts or leakageresistance between the leads or between theleads and ground. CYAV varnish or epoxy maysoften varnish-type insulations so that highresistance shunts appear between wires ifsufficient time for curing is not allowed. Teflonspaghetti tubing is useful for sliding over bareleads when the possibility of shorting exists.• Avoid putting stress on the device leads andallow for the contractions that occur duringcooling that could fracture a solder joint or lead ifinstalled under tension at room temperature.The CY7/670 series sensor is designed for easyremoval for recalibration checks or replacement,and the following discussions for each of theadapters are geared in this direction. If semi-permanent mountings are desired, the use of OB-CY10 or OB-CY20 low temperature epoxy canreplace the use of CYAG grease. In all cases, themounting of the sensor should be periodicallyinspected to verify that good thermal contact to themounting surface is maintained.CY7/670-SDThe SD version is the basic package for theCY7/670 series sensor line, from which all otherconfigurations are made using the appropriateadapter. The base of the device has a goldmetallized surface and is the largest flat surfaceon the sensor. The base is electrically isolatedfrom the sensing element and leads, and allthermal contact to the sensor must be madethrough the base. A thin braze joint around the sides of the SD package is electrically connected to the sensing element. Contact to the sides with any electrically conductive material must be avoided. When viewed base down and with leads towards the observer, the positive lead (anode) is on the right. For a removable mount, the SD sensor can be held against the mounting surface with the CO adapter (see below) or similar clamping mechanism. Any method of clamping the sensor must avoid excessive pressure and should be designed so that thermal contractions or expansions do not loosen contact with the sensor. For uses restricted to below 325 K, a thin layer of CYAG grease should be used between the sensor and sample to enhance thermal contact.The SD package can also be bonded with a low temperature epoxy. The sensor should be pressed firmly against the surface during curing to assure a thin epoxy layer and a good thermal contact. The device may be removed in the future by using the appropriate epoxy stripper.The SD adapter can be soldered using a rosin flux (non-corrosive) if extreme care is exercised.1. Tin the base of the sensor using a lowwattage, temperature controlled soldering iron that will not exceed 200 °C. Use only aminimal amount of solder. Tin the surface towhich the sensor is to be bonded and again,avoid an excessive thickness of solder. Clean both the sensor and the mounting surface ofany residual flux.2. Reheat the mounting surface to the meltingpoint of the solder, press the device intoposition and allow the sensor to warm to themelting point of the solder.3. After both tinned surfaces have flowedtogether, remove the heat source and let thesample and sensor cool.Under no circumstance should the sensor be heated above 200 °C and the solder must be limited to only the base of the sensor. Excess solder running up the sides of the SD package can create shorts. Repeated mounting and demounting of a soldered sensor may eventually cause wetting deterioration and ruin the thermal contact to the sensing element, although the nickel buffer layer should minimize these problems.CAUTIONThe preferred method for mounting the SD sensor is either the CO adapter or bonding with epoxy. Omega Engineering, Inc. will not warranty replace any device damaged by a user-designed clamp or damaged through solder mounting.2CY7/670-LRThe gold-coated copper LR adapter is designedfor insertion into a 1/8-inch diameter tube. A thinlayer of CYAG grease should be applied to thecopper adapter before insertion. This easesinstallation at room temperature and enhances thethermal contact.CY7/670-CU/DI/CYThe gold-coated copper CU, DI and CY adaptersserve as both a sensor and a thermal anchorassembly. These adapters are designed to bemounted to a flat surface using a 4-40 brassscrew. Avoid over-tightening the screw; use onlyenough force to firmly hold the sensor in place.Brass is recommended for the screw as thedifferential thermal contraction between theadapter and the screw will cause the mountingassembly to tighten as opposed to loosen whenthe system is cooled. A thin layer of CYAG greaseshould be used to enhance the thermal contactbetween the adapter and the mounting surface.The CU adapter has four color-coded leads: red(I–), green (V–), clear (V+), and blue (I+). The CYadapter has two color-coded leads: yellow (+) andgreen (–). The green lead on the DI adapter is thecathode.CY7/670-ET/MTBoth adapters are gold-plated copper hex headbolts with the SD package mounted in a slot onthe adapter head. The ET adapter screws into a ¼inch deep, 6-32 threaded hole while the MTadapter screws into a 6 mm deep, 3 × 0.5 mmthreaded hole. Before assembly, the threadsshould be lightly greased with CYAG grease. Donot over-tighten, since the threads are copper andcan be easily sheared. Finger-tight should besufficient.CY7/670-BOThe BO adapter should be mounted in the samemanner as the CU. The BO adapter contains itsown thermal anchor and is an epoxy-freeassembly.CY7/670-COThe CO adapter is used to attach the CY7/670-SDpackage to a flat surface. The adapter is a spring-loaded clamp designed to maintain pressure onthe SD package as the temperature is varied.1. Remove the hold down cap that holds thethree-piece CO assembly together. The COassembly should appear as shown in theaccompanying drawings.2. Bolt the assembly into a 4-40 threaded hole.The stop on the brass screw should restagainst the mounting surface and it alsoprevents overcompressing the spring.3. Lift the edge of the clip using a small pair ofpliers or screwdriver.4. Slide the SD package into place underneaththe clip and gently lower the clip onto the lid ofthe SD package. Note that a slot is cutunderneath the clip to accept the SD package.Refer to the drawing for details.If the device is to be used only below 325 K, alayer of CYAG grease should be used betweenthe SD package and mounting surface to enhancethe thermal contact.Sensor OperationTemperature controllers and thermometerinstrumentation offered by Omega Engineering,Inc. are designed to be directly compatible with theCY7/670 series sensor to give optimumperformance and accuracy together with directtemperature readouts. Simply follow theinstructions provided with the instrumentconcerning sensor connection and instrumentoperation. If a user-supplied current source,voltmeter, or other instrumentation is going to beused with the CY7/670 series sensor, specialattention should be given to the following details.The CY7/670 series sensors are designed tooperate at a constant current of 10 µA while thevoltage variation with temperature measurementdepends directly on the specifications of thecurrent source and the voltmeter. A current sourceoperating at the level of +0.01 µA (±0.01 K) isprobably suitable for most applications. Thevoltmeter resolution required can be estimatedfrom the sensitivity (dV/dT) of the CY7/670 sensor:Temperature Sensitivity(K) (mV/K)305 2.477 1.94.2 33Multiplying the above sensitivity by the desiredtemperature resolution in K will give the requiredvoltage resolution in mV.The static impedance of the CY7/670 seriessensor operating at 10 µA current is on the orderof 100,000 ohms. Therefore, the input impedanceof the voltmeter must be significantly larger thanthis to avoid measurement errors. Voltmeters withinput impedances of greater than 109 or 1010ohms should be used.Good quality instrumentation must be used and allinstrumentation and wiring should be properlygrounded and shielded. Temperaturemeasurement errors will result if there is excessiveAC noise or ripple in the circuitry. Further detailscan be found in the article by Krause and Dodrillgiven in the references.Note: All materials mentioned above that are usedin sensor installation are available from OMEGAEngineering, Inc.3REFERENCESKrause, J.K. and Swinehart, P.R. (1985). Demystifying Cryogenic Temperature Sensors. Photonics Spectra. August, 61–68. Krause, J.K. and Dodrill, B.C. (1986). Measurement System Induced Errors in Diode Thermometry. Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (4), 661–665.Sparks, L.L. (1983). Temperature, Strain, and Magnetic Field Measurements. In Material at Low Temperatures, Ed. By R.P. Reed and A.F. Clark. American Society of Metals, Metals Park, 515–571.White, G.K. (1979). Experimental Techniques in Low Temperature Physics. Clarendon Press, Oxford.CY7/670-SDBasic sensor package style.Temperature range: 1.4 to 475 KMass: 0.03 gCY7/670-ETBasic sensor soldered onto SAE-threaded copper adapter.Temperature range: 1.4 to 325 KMass: 1.4 gCY7/670-BOBasic sensor soldered onto bolt-oncopper block with leads thermallyanchored to block.Temperature range: 1.4 to 325 KMass: 1.5 gCY7/670-CU/DIBasic sensor mounted intobolt-on disk with leads thermallyanchored to disk with lowtemperature epoxy. CU version is4-lead. DI is 2-lead.Temperature range: 1.4 to 325 KMass (excluding leads): 4.3 g CY7/670-COBasic sensor with spring-loadedbrass clamp to hold sensor tosample.Temperature range: 1.4 to 475 KMass (without sensor): 1.7 gCY7/670-CYBasic sensor epoxied intorelatively large copper disk. 30AWG stranded copper lead pair isthermally anchored to disk.Temperature range: 1.4 to 325 KMass (excluding leads): 4.3 gCY7/670-LRBasic sensor soldered intocylindrical copper adapter.Temperature range: 1.4 to 325 KMass: 0.15 gCY7/670-MTBasic sensor soldered into metric-threaded copper adapter.Temperature range: 1.4 to 325 KMass: 1.4 gServicing USA and Canada:Call OMEGA Toll FreeOMEGA Engineering, Inc.One Omega Drive, Box 4047Stamford, CT 06907-0047 U.S.A.Headquarters: (203) 359-1660Sales: 1-800-826-6342 / 1-800-TC-OMEGACustomer Service: 1-800-622-2378 / 1-800-622-BESTEngineering: 1-800-872-9436 / 1-800-USA-WHENFAX: (203) 359-7700 TELEX: 996404EASYLINK 62968934 CABLE OMEGAServicing Europe: United Kingdom Salesand Distribution CenterOMEGA Technologies Ltd.25 Swannington Road, Broughton Astley, LeicestershireLE9 6TU, EnglandTelephone: 44 (0455) 285520 FAX: 44 (0455) 283912。

OMEGARH62C-MVHumidity Temperature TransducerOMEGAnet On-Line Service Internet e-mail **************For immediate technical or application assistance:USA and Canada:Mexico and Latin America:Sales Service: 1-800-826-6342 / 1-800-TC-OMEGA Tel: (95) 800-TC-OMEGA Customer Service: 1-800-622-2378 / 1-800-622-BEST FAX: (95) 203-359-7807Engineering Service: 1-800-872-9436 / 1-800-USA-WHEN En Español: (203) 359-7803TELEX: 996404 EASYLINK: 62968934 CABLE: OMEGA e-mail:*****************Servicing North America:USA: ISO 9001 Certified Canada:One Omega Drive, Box 4047976 Bergar Stamford, CT 06907-0047Laval (Quebec) H7L5A1Tel: (203) 359-1660Tel: (514) 856-6928FAX: (203)359-7700FAX: (514) 856-6886e-mail:**************e-mail:**************Servicing Europe:Benelux:Postbus 8034, 1180 LA Amstelveen,The Netherlands Tel: (31) 20 6418405 FAX: (31) 20 6434643Toll Free in Benelux: 06 0993344e-mail:************Czech Republic:ul. Rude armady 1868, 733 01 Karvina-Hranice, Czech Repubic Tel: 420 (69) 6311627 FAX: 420 (69)6311114e-mail:***************France:9, rue Denis Papin, 78190 Trappes Tel: (33) 130-621-400 FAX: (33)130-699-120Toll Free in France: 0800-4-06342e-mail:****************Germany/Austria:Daimlerstrasse 26, D-75392Deckenpfronn, Germany Tel: 49 (07056) 3017 FAX: 49 (07056) 8540TollFreeinGermany************e-mail:*****************United Kingdom: ISO 9002 Certified One Omega Drive Riverbend Technology Centre Northbank, Irlam,Manchester, M44 5EX, England Tel: 44 (161) 777-6611 FAX: 44 (161) 777-6622Toll Free in England: 0800-488-488e-mail:***************.ukINTRODUCTIONThis instrument is a portable, compact-sized Humidity Temperature Trans-ducer designed for simple one hand operation. Uses Platinum Resistance Temperature Detector Pt385/1000W (Alpha=0.00385) as temperature sensor, and uses thin film polymer capacitive type relative humidity sensor as hygrom-eter sensor.SAFETY INFORMATIONIt is recommended that you read the safety and operation instructions before using the humidity temperature transducer.CAUTION•Do not immerse the transducer sensor head into liquids since thiscauses permanent damage to the sensor.•The meter when not in use, please use protective metal cap cover thesensor head and rotate clockwise it to extend sensors life.The symbol on the instrument indicates that the operator must refer to an explanation in this manual.1SPECIFICATIONSGENERALLow battery indication: The "Red LED" is displayed when the battery voltage drops below the operating level.Accuracy: Stated accuracy at 23°C ± 5°C, <75% relative humidity. Temperature Coefficient: 0.1 times the applicable accuracy specification per °C from °C to 18°C and 28°C to 50°C.Operating environment: 0°C to 50°C at <75% relative humidity.Storage environment: -20°C to 60°C at <80% relative humidity.Battery: 4 pcs 1.5V (AAA size).Battery Life: 200 hours typical.Dimensions: 170mm(H) x 44mm(W) x 40mm(D).Weight: 200g (including probe and batteries).ELECTRICALTEMPERATURETemperature Scale: Celsius.Temperature Sensor: RTD Pt385/1000W.Measurement Range: -20°C to 100°C.Temperature Output: 10mV/°C.Accuracy:±0.5°C0°C to 50°C±1°C -20°C to 0°C, 50°C to 100°CRELATIVE HUMIDITYHumidity Sensor: Electronic capacitance polymer film sensor. (The sensor is unaffected by water condensate, is immune to most reagent vapors) Measurement Range: 0% to 100%RH.Relative Humidity Output: 10mV/%RH.Accuracy:±2.5%RH (10% to 90%RH)±5%RH (<10%, > 90%RH)Sensor Response Time for 90% of Total Range: 60sec typical.Sensor Stability: ±2%RH, 2 years typical.Sensor Hysteresis (excursion of 10% to 90% to 10% RH): ±1%RH typical. Sensor Temperature Dependence: Negligible between 0°C to 50°C.OPERATON1. Plug the humidity temperature transducer test leads into the Vdc input jack and common or ground input jack on the DMM. Observe polarity.2. Set the DMM to the 200mV range.3. Rotate counter clockwise to remove the protective metal cap.4. Set the power switch to the desired %RH or °C range.5. If the DMM display is over-range. Set the DMM to the 2V range.6. Read the DMM display. (10mV/°C, 10mV/%RH)7. Cover sensor head to extend sensor life when not in use.SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS•Before a reliable measurement can be made, the measuring hygrometer and medium to be measured must be in temperature and humidity eguilibrium.•Temperature measurement errorsDue to too short measurement time, sunshine during the measurement, heating, cold outer walls, air draft (e.g. fans), radiating hand and / or body heat etc.•Humidity measurement errorsDue to steam, water splashes, dripping water or condensation (not water condensate) on the sensor etc. However, repeatability and long-term stability are not impaired by this.•ContaminationBy dust in the air or measurements in powdery substances. This can be largely avoided by using a corresponding filter. The filter must be cleaned or replaced periodically depending upon the degree of contamination of the measuring site.OPERATOR MAINTENANCEBattery ReplacementPower is supplied by four 1.5V (AAA size) batteries. The "LOW BATT" red LED lighted when replacement is needed. To replace the batteries, remove the screw from the back of the meter and lift off the battery cover. Remove the batteries from battery contacts.CleaningPeriodically wipe the case with a damp cloth and detergent, do not use abrasives or solvents.WARRANTYOMEGA warrants this unit to be free of defects in materials and workmanship and to give satisfactory service for a period of 13 months from date of purchase. OMEGA Warranty adds an additional one (1) month grace period to the normal one (1) year product warranty to cover handling and shipping time. This ensures that OMEGA's customers receive maximum coverage on each product. If the unit should malfunction, it must be returned to the factory for evaluation. OMEGA's Customer Service Department will issue an Authorized Return (AR) number immediately upon phone or written request. Upon examination by OMEGA, if the unit is found to be defective it will be repaired or replaced at no charge. However, this WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence of having been tampered with or shows evidence of being damaged as a result of excessive corrosion; or current, heat moisture or vibration; improper specification; misapplication; misuse or other operating conditions outside of OMEGA's control. Components which wear or which are damaged by misuse are not warranted. This includes contact points, fuses, and triacs. OMEGA is glad to offer suggestions on the of use of its various products. Nevertheless, OMEGA only warrants that the parts manufactured by it will be as specified and free of defectsOMEGA MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, EXCEPT THAT OF TITLE AND ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED.LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: The remedies of purchaser set forth herein are exclusive and the total liability of OMEGA with respect to this order, whether based on contract warranty, negligence, indemnification, strict liability or otherwise, shall not exceed the purchase price of the component upon which liability is based. In no event shall OMEGA be liable for consequential, incidental or special damages.Every precaution for accuracy has been taken in the preparation of this manual; however, OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. neither assumes responsibility for any omissions or errors that may appear nor assumes liability for any damages that result from the use of the products in accordance with the information contained in the manual.SPECIAL CONDITION: Should this equipment be used in or with any nuclear installation or activity, purchaser will indemnity OMEGA and hold OMEGA harmless from any liability or damage whatsoever arising out of the use of theIt is the policy of OMEGA to comply with all worldwide safety and EMC/EMI regulations that apply. OMEGA is constantly pursuing certification of its products to the European New Approach Directives. OMEGA will add the CE mark to every appropriate device upon certification.The information contained in this document is believed to be correct but OMEGA Engineering, Inc. accepts no liability for any errors it contains, and reserves the right to alter specifications without notice.WARNING: These products are not designed for use in, and should not be used for, patient connected application.RETURN REQUESTS / INQUIRIESDirect all warranty and repair requests/inquiries to the OMEGA Customer Service Department. BEFORE RETURNING ANY PRODUCT(S) TO OMEGA, PURCHASER MUST OBTAIN AN AUTHORIZED RETURN (AR) NUMBER FROM OMEGA'S CUSTOMER SERVICE DEP ARTMENT (IN ORDER TO AVOID PROCESSING DELAYS). 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常用温度传感器介绍1、温度传感器（temperature transducer sensor）是利用物质各种物理性质随温度变化的规律把温度转换为电量的传感器。

温度传感器是温度测量仪表的核心部分，品种繁多。

按测量方式可分为接触式和非接触式两大类，按照传感器材料及电子元件特性分为热电阻和热电偶两类。

2、测试中最常用的温度传感器有：热电偶传感器、热敏电阻传感器、铂电阻传感器(RTD)、集成（IC）温度传感器。

下图给出代表性的实物照片。

3、热电偶测温的基本原理是两种不同成份的材质导体组成闭合回路，当两端存在温度梯度时，回路中就会有电流通过，此时两端之间就存在电动势——热电动势，由该原理可知热电偶的一个优势是其无需外部供电。

另外，热电偶还有测温范围宽、价格便宜、适应各种大气环境等优点，但其缺点是测量精度不高，故在高精度的测量和应用中不宜使用热电偶。

热电偶两种不同成份的材料连接是标准的，根据采用材料不同可分为K型热电偶、S型热电偶、E型热电偶、N型热电偶、J型热电偶等等。

4、热敏电阻是敏感元件的一类，热敏电阻的电阻值会随着温度的变化而改变。

按照温度系数不同分为正温度系数热敏电阻（PTC）和负温度系数热敏电阻（NTC）。

正温度系数热敏电阻（PTC）在温度越高时电阻值越大，负温度系数热敏电阻（NTC）在温度越高时电阻值越低，它们同属于半导体器件，被广泛应用于各种电子元器件中。

热敏电阻通常在有限的温度范围内可实现较高的精度，通常是-90℃〜130℃。

5、铂电阻，又称为铂热电阻，它的阻值会随着温度的变化而改变。

并且铂电阻阻值会随着温度的升高匀速有规律的变大。

铂电阻可分为PT100和PT1000等系列产品，PT100即表示它在0℃时阻值为100欧姆，PT1000即表示它在0℃时阻值为1000欧姆。

铂电阻具有抗振动、稳定性好、准确度高、耐高压等优点，被广泛应用于医疗、电机、工业、温度计算、卫星、气象、阻值计算等高精温度设备中。