金属有机第四章基元反应2
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2023-2024学年北京市西城区高三上学期化学期末考试题1.中国科研团队开发出柔性单晶硅太阳能电池。
单晶硅的晶体结构与金刚石类似,下列说法不正确...的是A.C和Si均位于元素周期表中第ⅣA族B.单晶硅和金刚石均属于共价晶体C.单晶硅和金刚石中的键角均相同D.单晶硅的熔点高于金刚石的熔点2.下列化学用语或图示表达不正确...的是B.基态Cr原子的价层电子排布式:A.的电子式:C.乙醇的分子式:D.乙炔的分子结构模型:3.下列物质的应用不涉及...氧化还原反应的是A.次氯酸钠作纸张的漂白剂B.铁粉作食品保鲜的吸氧剂C.过氧化钠作呼吸面具的供氧剂D.硫化钠作工业废水中、的沉淀剂4.下列事实不能..用平衡移动原理解释的是A.密闭烧瓶内的和的混合气体,受热后颜色加深B.溶液将水垢中的转化为C.的醋酸溶液稀释10倍,溶液的D.溶液中滴加溶液,促进分解5.下列方程式与所给事实不相符...的是A.电镀铜时阴极析出铜:B.钠在空气中加热生成淡黄色固体:C.电解饱和食盐水制氯气:D.氨催化氧化生成一氧化氮:6.下列事实不能..用氢键解释的是A.密度:B.沸点:C.稳定性:D.溶解性(水中):7.阿斯巴甜是一种合成甜味剂,其结构简式如下。
下列关于阿斯巴甜的说法不正确...的是A.属于糖类B.阿斯巴甜最多能与C.分子中含有手性碳原子D.可以发生取代反应、加成反应8.燃料电池法可以处理高浓度氨氮废水,原理的示意图如下(忽略溶液体积的变化)。
下列说法不正确...的是A.通过质子交换膜向a极室迁移B.工作一段时间后,a极室中稀硫酸的浓度增大C.电极b的电极反应:D.电池的总反应:9.下列实验不能..达到对应目的的是验证铁的吸氧腐验证1-溴丁烷发生消实验室制取乙酸10.将溶液分别滴入溶液和溶液中,如图所示,Ⅰ、Ⅱ中均有沉淀产生。
已知:是白色难溶于水的固体。
下列说法不正确...的是A.溶液和溶液中均存在:B.Ⅰ中的沉淀可能有、和C.Ⅱ中生成的反应:D.Ⅰ和Ⅱ中加入溶液后,pH均降低11.单体M通过不同的聚合方式可生成聚合物A和聚合物B,转化关系如下。
A ligand substitution can occur either by an associativeor dissociative route.In a dissociative substitution, one of the existing ligandson the metal center has to fall off (ligand dissociation),LnM+ :L'' --------> LnM-L"fastthis opens up a free coordination site to which the newligand can coordinate.S‡is significantly positive, the mechanism is almost certainlydissociative.If the rate does not depend on [L], the mechanism is almost certainlydissociative.axial site.The 14e-three coordinate intermediate is actually almost immediately coordinated by a solvent molecule to produce theConsider the following two substitution reactions.the most stable productSince we are starting with an 18e-complex, we have to proceed by adissociative substitution reaction. The phosphite ligand is the more weaklycoordinated and somewhat bulky due to the t-butyl groups. Thus it is the mostlikely ligand to fall off first.The P(OMe)3ligand has about the same σ-donorability as pyridine, but is a considerably better acceptor ligand, thus completing with the trans* Rate depends on both LnM-L' and L"ΔS‡is significantly negative, the mechanism is almost certainlyAssociative SubstitutionsThese occur first by a ligand addition to the metal complexfollowed by the dissociation of one of the original ligands.typically need to have an unsaturated(17e-or lower) complex in order topropose an associative substitution mechanism.there are very few verified examples of this in theliterature.Since we are starting with an 16e-Ni complex without any stericproblems we can to proceed by an associative substitutionreaction. Once the CO ligand coordinates, the weakest ligandthat should fall off is the THF. Late transition metals have a farPentadienylThe pentadienyl ligand is an acyclic version of Cp that does not have any aromatic stabilization. This has two important effects:Consider the following two reactions:Reaction a) is much faster than reaction b). Discuss why this is so.NitrosylThis can occasionally lead to interesting behavior where the linearIn general the stereochemistry of a square-planarcomplex is retained through the substitution reaction.。