银行考试-英语部分专项练习(一)

银行校园招聘考试英语部分专项练习（一）Part I Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:If the salinity of ocean water is analyzed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation—conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner, the salinity is increased, since the salts stay behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white crystals of salt would be left behind; this, by the way, is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtained.the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff.Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course, when this ice melts, it well tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctica, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portions of oceans of the world.1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. Where do we get our table salt?B. Oceanic salinity in tropical regionsC. Three basic processes that alter oceanic salinityD. Variations of salinity in different parts of the ocean2. According to the author, the oceanic salinity is usually lower in _____.A. tropical regionsB. coastal regionsC. places in which warm currents and cold currents meetD. the Antarctica3. All of the following are processes that decrease ocean salinity except _____.A. precipitationB. runoffC. meltingD. evaporation4. What does the word “subtraction" in the fourth line of the first paragraph mean?A. reductionB. influxC. transformationD. freezing5. Which of the following is NOT a result of the formation of ice in oceans?A. The surrounding water sinks.B. The water becomes denser.C. Water salinity decreases.D. The surrounding water becomes colder.Part I Reading Comprehension1. D。

文章的主要内容是在不同的地区和地理、温度、气候条件下海洋的盐度。

2. B。

根据文中信息，在沿岸地区，因为有淡水河流的注入，所以盐度较低。

3. D。

文中第一段指出，蒸发使海洋失去水分，留下了盐分，盐的浓度就此增加。

降水、径流、溶化都是减少盐分的过程。

4. A。

subtraction的意思是“减少，抽走”。

5. C。

文中很明确指出，海洋中冰的形成会引起盐度的增加。

所以C显然不是海水结冰的结果。

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:More than a century ago, the relationship between glacial ice and the amount of water in the ocean basins was first seen. When the great ice sheet covered vast land areas, the sea level was lowered because the normal return of water from land to the ocean was reduced. As a result, the sea level rose as Ice Age glaciers melted allowing the melted waters to flow into the ocean. If all the glacial ice on the surface of the earth today should melt, the sea level might rise by more than 150 feet. Shoreline variations are also produced through elevation or depression of the land. During times of glacier formations the great weight of the ice slowly depressed the earth's crust. Removal of the weight through glacier melting allowed the slow return of the crust to its former position. Changes in the Great Ice climates from cool and wet to warm and dry produced climate changes far from the glaciated area. For example, at times of cool-wet glacial climates, levels of inland lakes rose, in contrast to the depression of sea level. During the warm-dry interglacial climates, lake levels were lowered. The ancient lake Bonneville, largest of the glacial lakes in Western United States, once covered more than 20,000 square miles. It had a maximum depth of more than 1,000 feet. Great Salt Lake in Utah is the shrunken remnant of this once large lake. Although the first time that early man walked on the earth is uncertain, he is largely a product of the Great Ice Age. Present information shows that during this time he evolved rapidly both physically and culturally. His most primitive tools and skeletal remains have been found in some of the oldest deposits contemporary with the Great Ice Age in Africa, Asia and Europe. These are often associated with remains of extinct animals. With the disappearance of the great ice sheets, the Bronze and Iron Agecultures evolved. About this time many animals suited to cooler climates died. Although much remains to be learned, the story of the Great Ice Age is being unfolded through the efforts of specialists in many fields. Recording field observation, new theories and methods, and worldwide studies of existing glaciers are bringing a clearer understanding of the Great Ice Age.6. Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage?A. Man has a lot more to learn about the Great Ice Age.B. The art of making tools was instrumental in bringing about the evolution of human brain.C. Many species were not suited to the warmer climates of the Bronze and Iron Age.D. The relationship between glacial ice and the amount of water in the ocean basins was not seen until more than a hundred years ago.7. According to the article, which of the following will induce the depression of sea level?A. formation of great masses of ice sheet on the landB. precipitationC. shoreline variationsD. the advent of warm-dry interglacial climates8. Why does the author cite the example of the Great Salt Lake in Utah?A. to show that it is a lake created in the Great Ice AgeB. to show that it once was the largest lake in the United StatesC. to show that it evolved from the Bronze and Iron AgeD. to show that it is what remained of the once large lake Bonneville9. Which of the following can be learned about early man based on the information provided in the passage?A. The exact time of his appearance on the Earth is uncertain.B. He evolved rapidly physically and culturally during the Bronze and Iron Age.C. The ability to make primitive tools distinguished man from other animals.D. Early man lived mainly on animals hunted.10. The best source of information about the Great Ice Age is obtained from _____.A. rock formationsB. fossil remainsC. primitive tools used by early manD. Antarctica's ancient glacierQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born a hundred years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birth rates, that has led to the population explosion.Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keepup might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary (当代的) societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often go on welfare if they have a serious illness.When older people become senile or too weak to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent (康复的) hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored (赞助) by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply dumping grounds for the dying in which care is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel.11. What was the cause to the population growth according to the passage?A. increase of birth rateB. advance in medical careC. well-administered social welfareD. the decrease of death rate12. It can be learned from the passage that in some traditional societies _____.A. infants may be left to die when there isn't enough food to go aroundB. old and sick people are cared for at home until they diedC. people are required to retire at a certain ageD. people who are too weak or ill have to take care of themselves13. What does the word “senile” in the first line of the last paragraph mean?A. advanced in ageB. sickC. disabledD. capricious14. What is the author's attitude toward the nursing homes and convalescent hospitals mentioned in the paragraph?A. suspiciousB. optimisticC. neutralD. critical Questions 15 to 20 are based on the following passage:Although we already know a great deal about influenza, and although the World Health Organization is constantly collecting detailed information from its chain of influenza reference laboratories throughout the world, it is extremely difficult for epidemiologists (流行病专家), who study infectious disease, to predict when and where the next flu epidemic will occur, and how severe it will be.There are three kinds of influenza virus, known as A, B and C. Influenza C virus isrelatively stable and causes mild infections that do not spread far through the population. The A and B types are unstable, and are responsible for the epidemics that cause frequent concern. Following any virus attack, the human body builds up antibodies which confer immunity to that strain of virus, but a virus with the capacity to change its character is able to by-pass this protection. Variability is less developed in the influenza B virus, which affects only human beings. An influenza B virus may cause a widespread epidemic but will have little effect if introduced into the same community soon afterwards, since nearly everyone will have built up antibodies and will be immune. The influenza A virus, which affects animals also, is extremely unstable and is responsible for some of the worst outbreaks of the disease, such as the unparalleled pandemic, or world epidemic, of 1918-1919, when about half the world's population were infected and about twenty million people died, some from pneumonia caused by the virus itself and some from secondary complications(并发症) caused by bacteria.Accurate prediction is difficult because of the complication of the factors. A particular virus may be related to one to which some of the population have partial involved immunity. The extent to which it will spread will depend on factors such as its own strength, or virulence, the ease with which it can be transmitted and the strength of the opposition it encounters. Scientists, however, have a reliable general picture of the world situation. Influenza A attacks us in waves every two or three years, while influenza B, which travels more slowly, launches its main assaults every three to six years. The outbreaks vary from isolated cases to epidemics involving a tenth or more of the population. We may confidently prophesy that sooner or later large numbers of people will be feeling the unpleasant effects of some kind of influenza virus.15. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?A. Symptoms of InfluenzaB. Man Versus VirusC. World Health Organization: Forefront against Influenza VirusD. Variability of Influenza Virus16. According to the author, which of the following is NOT true about influenza?A. Man has obtained a great deal of knowledge about influenza.B. The occurrence of influenza is still unpredictable.C. Influenza is being studied extensively and systematically in many countries in the world under the guidance of World Health Organization.D. No reliable treatment of influenza has yet been found.17. What does the author say about the influenza B virus?A. B virus is relatively stable and causes mild infections that do not spread far through the population.B. B virus is unstable, and is responsible for the epidemics that cause frequent concern.C. B virus is extremely unstable and is responsible for some of the worst outbreaks of the disease.D. B virus has a very developed variability, and it affects only human beings.18. Which of the following is the most dangerous virus according to the passage?A. influenza A virusB. influenza B virusC. influenza C virusD. it cannot be determined by the information provided19. What does the word “assault” in the eighth line of the last paragraph mean?A. influenceB. attackC. symptomD. damage20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the extent to which a virus spreads?A. the strength of the virusB. the strength of the opposition the virus encountersC. the ease with which the virus can be transmittedD. the immunity the virus can inducePart II Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.21. The facts he supplied were not relevant _____the case in question.A. withB. toC. forD. about22. A committee has been _____ by the counsel to look into the causes of unemployment.A. designedB. devisedC. workedD. set up23. Few articles in the newspapers _____more attention than that reporting the murder case with O.J. Simpson involved.A. enlistB. divertC. drawD. absorb24. Julia _____two children since she got married in 1990.A. gives birth toB. has given birth toC. has been giving birth toD. gave birth to25. The hospital was built on the side of a river, hence _____.A. it has the name RiversideB. given the name RiversideC. has got the name RiversideD. the name Riverside26. It took them several weeks to _____the wild horse.A. cultivateB. civilizeC. curbD. tame27. By the time you graduate, we _____in Australia for one year.A. will be stayingB. will have stayedC. would have stayedD. have stayed28. He appreciated _____the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium on Comparative Literature.A. having givenB. to have been givenC. to have givenD. having been given29. They left for the airport very early in the morning _____traffic jam.A. in line withB. at the risk ofC. in case ofD. for the sake of30. Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, _____water shortage is the worst.A. not to mentionB. of whichC. let aloneD. for what31. The government official can hardly find sufficient grounds _____his arguments in favor of the revision of the tax law.A. on which to baseB. which to be based onC. to base on whichD. on which to be based32. Hydrogen is one of the most important element in the universe _____it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.A. so thatB. but thatC. provided thatD. in that33. Just as relaxation is an important part of our lives, _____ stress.A. so isB. as it isC. and so isD. the same is34. While a young man, he decided to put aside a little money every month to make for his old age.A. provisionB. supplyC. adjustmentD. insurance35. The sales department has submitted a _____of their annual sales report to the board of directors.A. scheduleB. sketchC. shorthandD. scheme36. It would be difficult for anyone to behave in a _____way when one is in a furious state.A. rationalB. legalC. stableD. credible37. The final exams approached, _____the students became more and more nervous.A. notwithstandingB. forC. althoughD. as38. Vingo took a bus and headed for home, if his wife would have _____him back.A. not to knowB. not knownC. not knowingD. not having known39. We can make an exception _____.A. in any case of JohnB. in case of JohnC. in case of John'sD. in the case of John40. When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China, his father _____college.A. attendedB. had been attendingC. was attendingD. has been attending41. It's not safe to carry valuables around here. You'd better _____them in the hotel safe along with your passport.A. saveB. hideC. packD. deposit42. To proof-read these piles of documents is very time _____ .A. consumingB. spendingC. expendingD. wasting43. According to the weather _____, tomorrow will be overcast and dull.A. forecastB. forewordC. premonitionD. prophecy44. Armed with all the first-hand evidence, I was able to _____his argument in the court.A. denyB. refuseC. contradictD. refute45. This information doesn't shed any light _____the problem.A. inB. towardC. onD. to46. They feel they are justified _____the child because he was not behaving himself.A. to punishB. to be punishingC. in punishingD. punishing47. We can't just _____his guilt. We've got to have some hard evidence to prove it.A. assumeB. presumeC. believe inD. guess48. _____in the first round of the competition, our team took the earliest flight back.A. Being knocked outB. Having been knocked outC. We were knocked outD. We had been knocked out49. If the door was not forced open, _____that the burglar must have had a key.A. it followsB. it is followedC. following isD. it will be followed50. The famous football star was _____ with the murder of his ex-wife and her boyfriend.A. convictedB. chargedC. blamedD. accusedPart III Error CorrectionDirections: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to add a word, cross out a word, or change a word. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you cross out a word, put a slash (/) in the blank. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank.Most speakers are surprising to learn that people who 51._____speak only one language form a minority of the world'spopulation that most people function in two or more languages. 52._____While few people are truly balanced bilinguals or polyglotswho feel equal comfortable with all languages, 53._____the fact is that most of the world's population functionsin more than language. Given this, it's somewhat surprising 54._____that so much attention is paid to the English-speaking worldto the matter of learning a additional language. If so many 55._____people seem to do it so easily, then just what is the problem?The simplest answer is that there really isn't one.Giving ample opportunity and time, most people can learn as 56._____many languages as they want or need to. But as teacherscharged with the responsibility of adding English to thelinguistic inventory of non-English-speaking children, wemust be concerned precisely these matters—providing ample 57._____and effective opportunity and using time as effectively as possible.This chapter will look briefly how children become bilingual. 58._____First, we'll examine the conditions lead to bilingualism 59._____in preschoolers, then we'll turn our attention to languagelearning in the classroom. In focusing on the differences betweenlanguage acquisition at home and at school, we'll see that there'sthe potential for conflict from children's informal language 60._____ learning in the home and the more formal experience of the school.Part IV Translation from English to ChineseDirections: In this part, there are five items, which you should translate into Chinese, each item consists of one or two sentence. These sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read in the Second Part of the Test Paper.You are allowed 15 minutes to do the translation. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.61.Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation.62.Although much remains to be learned, the story of the Great Ice Age is being unfolded through the efforts of specialists in many fields. Recording field observation, new theories and methods, and worldwide studies of existing glaciers are bringing a clearer understanding of the Great Ice Age.63.Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often “go on welfare" if they have a serious illness.64.While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply “dumping grounds“ for the dying in which “care" is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel.65.Following any virus attack, the human body builds up antibodies which confer immunity to that strain of virus, but a virus with the capacity to change its character is able to by-pass this protection.Part V Short Answer QuestionsDirections: In this part, there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for work, travelling to and from work. What we do there largely determines our standard of living and to a considerable extent the status we are accorded by our fellow citizens as well. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more important the indignities and injustices of work can be pushed into a corner, that because most work is pretty intolerable, the people who do it should compensate for its boredom, frustrations and humiliations by concentrating their hopes on the other parts of their lives. I reject that as a counsel of despair. For the foreseeable future the material and psychological rewards which work can provide, and the conditions in which work is done, will continue to play a vital part in determining the satisfaction that life can offer. Yet only a small minority can control the pace at which they work or the conditions in which their work is done; only for a small minority does work offer scope for creativity, imagination, or initiative. Inequality at work and in work is still one of the cruelest and most glaring forms of inequality in our society. We cannot hope to solve the more obvious problems of industrial life, many of which arise directly or indirectly from the frustrations created by inequality at work, unless we tackle it head on. Still less can we hope to create a decent and humane society.Questions:66. According to the author, people judge others mainly by _____________________________________________.67. The author believes that and the conditions in which work is done _____________________________________________ will continue to play a vital part in determining the satisfaction that life can offer.68. The author believes that _____________________________________________isstill one of the cruelest and most glaring forms of inequality in our society.69. The author believes that only _______________________________________can control the pace at which they work or the conditions in which their work is done. 70. The author will go on to discuss ___________________________________in the following paragraph.Part VI WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title Water Shortage according to the following OUTLINE given in Chinese. Your part of writing should be no less than 120 words.1. 缺水的现状。