英语高考-完形填空说明文

备战高考必备——完形填空（8）--说明文和议论文距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

1.【2023届福建省七地市高中毕业班第一次质量检测】词数：200话题：从不同的角度看问题There was a young boy at a beautiful beach digging sands using his plastic tools. While his other friends were playing the whole time, the little boy spent his day____31____his sandcastle. He even____32____a moat (护城河) using a spoon, a bridge with a____33____,and walls for his castle.After a whole long day, he finished his____34____sandcastle until the waves washed his hard work. Holding back his t ears, the boy didn’t get mad and____35____decided to study the waves that____36____his creation.The boy was aware of the____37____and saw it a couple of times already. He already knew how to do things better. He felt no____38____, regret, or fear any more whenever the waves came. He just smiled,____39____his tools and left. He knew that the tide was beyond his_____40_____and he couldn’t do anything about it. What he could do though is how to_____41_____those situations.Basically, no matter where you are, the waves of life will always_____42_____you. What matters most is howyou behave during those moments and what they_____43_____about yourselves along this_____44_____called life. Keep calm while looking at things from different viewpoints because sometimes all it takesfor_____45_____to happen in your life is by looking at things through different lenses!31．A．creating B．picturing C．drawing D．watching32．A．kept B．made C．crossed D．defended33．A．bucket B．stone C．rope D．stick34．A．old B．royal C．dream D．solid35．A．therefore B．instead C．still D．nevertheless36．A．supported B．perfected C．copied D．destroyed37．A．castle B．construction C．sand D．tide38．A．sorrow B．doubt C．hesitation D．excitement39．A．held up B．picked up C．searched for D．threw away40．A．belief B．repair C．control D．awareness41．A．talk about B．draw upon C．react to D．fight against42．A．search B．take C．recognize D．find43．A．know B．teach C．judge D．beat44．A．distance B．line C．journey D．circle45．A．changes B．crashes C．events D．attacks2.【安徽省阜阳市2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试】词数：229话题：做志愿服务让人更快乐、心理更健康Many people are volunteering to help others. They are a generally ____46____ group and getting a huge benefit that non-volunteers don’t. Research suggests that volunteers aren’t just helping the communities they____47____. They actually experience a boost in their mental health.____48____ with people who don’t volunteer, people who volunteer are more ____49____ with their lives and rate their overall health as better. Also people who volunteer more frequently experience greater ____50____: Those who volunteered at least once a month reported better mental health than those who volunteered ____51____ or not at all.The researchers also found that people who started to volunteer became happier over time. While it’s____52____ that happier people spend more time volunteering, studies suggest that you don’t need to already____53____ happy to benefit from it. In fact, some research suggests that people who ____54____ with lower levels of wellbeing may even get a bigger boost from volunteering.Why does volunteering _____55_____ mental health? A combination of _____56_____ is likely at play.V olunteering appears to be naturally _____57_____ -when we help others, we tend to experience a “warm glow(喜悦)”. V olunteering is also likely t o help boost a sense of _____58_____ connection.In particular, for older adults, volunteering can be a way to stay connected to others after _____59_____. Finally, volunteering can be a way to _____60_____ professional skills and try out leadership opportunities.46．A．weather-beaten B．kind-hearted C．nature-loving D．good-looking47．A．respect B．describe C．analyze D．serve48．A．Compared B．Honored C．Crowded D．Related49．A．impressed B．satisfied C．bored D．concerned50．A．adventures B．operations C．victories D．benefits51．A．informally B．unavoidably C．infrequently D．unworthily52．A．simple B．true C．strange D．important53．A．feel B．sound C．keep D．turn54．A．put up B．start out C．show off D．run away55．A．manage B．require C．involve D．support56．A．standards B．activities C．factors D．patterns57．A．rewarding B．difficult C．shocking D．suitable58．A．romantic B．remote C．cultural D．social59．A．retirement B．graduation C．consultation D．treatment60．A．recognize B．build C．research D．match3.【2023 届安徽省淮南市高三上学期第一次模拟】词数：269话题：为什么孤独“Whenever I am in a group of people, I feel like everyone knows what to say except me. When I try to join in, I get anxious and have a struggle ___61___ words. This happens at parties or meetings and I feel ___62___ — as if I were being interviewed for a j ob. People think I am a loner. Maybe I am?”Individuals experiencing this type of social ___63___ often avoid eye contact, because it makes them feel___64___ and judged. The feelings of awkwardness and not fitting in with others are often frustrating. It prevents these individuals from defending and ___65___ for themselves in social environments, though they may be___66___ at holding on to their opinions in environments that are focused on a task rather than ___67___ .Fitting into groups of people requires ___68___ . You need to be interested in the topics that others in the group are interested in and talk about them the way they do. Becoming a part of these groups requires that you___69___ some of your individuality in order to accept others` ____70____ and values.Some individuals are like chameleon(变色龙)in that they ____71____ pick up the patterns of different groups and ____72____ themselves accordingly. For them, this is automatic and they don’t even come to the ____73____ that they are changing themselves to fit into groups. If you are one of those people who feels ____74____ in most social group settings, it may be because you ____75____ changing the way you think in order to feel part of a group and this shouldn’t be a weakness or a failure.61．A．reading B．pronouncing C．seeing D．writing62．A．exposed B．ignored C．considered D．judged63．A．status B．discomfort C．event D．response64．A．transparent B．urgent C．frustrated D．disappointed65．A．insisting on B．breaking down C．sticking up D．taking over66．A．creative B．effective C．attractive D．tentative67．A．contribution B．requirement C．assignment D．socialization68．A．attention B．honesty C．affection D．agreement69．A．sacrifice B．give C．examine D．present70．A．hobbies B．approaches C．views D．promises71．A．naturally B．partly C．vaguely D．merely72．A．explain B．support C．help D．accommodate 73．A．conclusion B．awareness C．decision D．point74．A．attached B．removed C．disconnected D．connected75．A．resist B．allow C．miss D．suggest4.【2023届浙江省舟山市年高三首考英语模拟试卷（三）】词数：260话题：gift和present的区别It’s that time again when we’re busy buying and giving them. Sometimes we call them ____1____, sometimes presents. Is there a ____2____?The words come from different ____3____. Gift has its origin in the Germanic root for “to give”. It ref erred to an act of ____4____, and then, to the thing being given. Present comes from the French for “to present”. A present is the thing presented. They were both used to express the ____5____ of something going through a change of____6____ without expectation of payment from the 13th century onward.The words gift and present are well-matched synonyms that mean almost the same thing. ____7____, even well-matched synonyms have their own unique patterns of ____8____. Gift applies to a wide range of situations. Presents are more ____9____. If your whole family gave ____10____ to your college fund for your birthday, would you say “I got a lot of presents”? It doesn’t exactly sound ____11____, but since you never hold these donations in your hand, gifts seem to fit better.Gift can also act like an adjective to describe another noun. What do you call the type of shop where you can buy presents for people? A gift shop. Present doesn’t work well in this role of ____12____ other nouns. We have gift boxes and gift cards, not present boxes and present cards.Still, ____13____ my personal sense of the ____14____, present—though it may not be as common—is more casual sounding than gift. But whether it’s gifts or presents you ____15____, I wish you many and lots this year. 1．A．gifts B．awards C．friends D．families2．A．mistake B．difference C．plan D．promise3．A．games B．stories C．situations D．languages4．A．giving B．speaking C．leaving D．listening5．A．dream B．chance C．advice D．idea6．A．possession B．attitude C．colors D．decisions7．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Otherwise8．A．behavior B．use C．spelling D．development 9．A．transparent B．concrete C．positive D．public10．A．thanks B．attention C．donations D．discounts11．A．wrong B．easy C．unlucky D．cool12．A．explaining B．correcting C．analyzing D．describing13．A．because of B．according to C．in spite of D．in addition to14．A．actions B．events C．words D．directions15．A．order B．offer C．make D．prefer5.【江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高三上学期教学质量调研（三）】词数：249话题：大学生所面临的困境In colleges around the country, most students are also workers.The reality of college can be pretty different from the ___1___ presented in movies and television. Instead of the students who wake up late, party all the time, and study only before exams, many colleges are full of students with ___2___ schedules of not just classes and activities, but real ___3___, too.This isn’t a(n) ___4___ phenomenon. The share of working students has been on the rise since the 1970s, and one-fifth of students work year round. The ___5___ can help pay for tuition and living costs, obviously. And there’s value in it ___6___ the direct cause: such jobs can also be ___7___ for developing important professional and social skills that make it easier to ___8___ a job after graduation. With many employers ___9___ students with already-developed’ skill sets, on-the-job training while in college can be the best way to ____10____ a job later on.But it’s not all upside. Even full-time work may not completely ____11____ the cost of tuition and living expenses at many colleges. That means that though they’re ____12____ time away from the classroom, many working students will still graduate with at least some ____13____. And working full-time cut into the time____14____ for studying and attending classes. Students who ____15____ leaving school because of difficulty in managing work and class are likely to find themselves stuck in some of the same jobs they might have gotten if they hadn’t gone to college at all.1．A．memories B．ideas C．descriptions D．images2．A．accurate B．pressing C．consistent D．limiting3．A．agenda B．dream C．jobs D．chances4．A．temporary B．dynamic C．academic D．alternative5．A．ambition B．arrangement C．distribution D．payment6．A．beyond B．from C．beside D．for7．A．urgent B．demanding C．critical D．convincing8．A．land B．quit C．offer D．handle9．A．looking into B．applying for C．looking for D．applying to10．A．follow B．switch C．decide D．ensure11．A．approve B．serve C．investigate D．cover12．A．devoting B．sacrificing C．experiencing D．allowing13．A．debt B．traps C．tax D．hurdles14．A．available B．resistant C．identified D．withdrawn15．A．put off B．rely on C．end up D．absent from6.【福建省莆田一中、龙岩一中、三明二中三校2022-2023学年高三上学期12月联考】词数：243 话题：朋友的生活态度对我的影响It’s interesting how our contacts influence our tomorrow’s day. People we are in relationships with ____1____ us. When we change, we inevitably change our lifestyles and attitude. Let’s see whether your friends ____2____ your future and if so, then in what ways they do so.When we ____3____ someone for the first time, we are trying to find out more about each other. The first____4____ you make on others counts. But your ____5____ contact with each other forms the general opinion of the person you are ____6____ with. If you are a positive person who has a(n) ____7____ personality, do not be shy to demonstrate it to strangers. Strangers become our friends and if you ignore this fact and ____8____ to be who and what you really are not, then you may ____9____ a lot of good friendships. Also, be wise and learn to_____10_____ the right sort of people. This is important for your future.Friends usually meet at places or go outside. Not only do you learn about their personalities and characters, you also _____11_____ what hobbies they have. Your friends’ interests may become your interests. If you make friends with someone whose main activity is _____12_____, you will most _____13_____ want to work out too. If your circle of friends _____14_____ people who lead a passive lifestyle and do not take care of themselves, it is very possible that you will sooner or later turn into a(n) _____15_____ person.1．A．change B．improve C．need D．prevent2．A．determine B．design C．shape D．concern3．A．forget B．choose C．blame D．meet4．A．impression B．comment C．decision D．promise5．A．second B．further C．formal D．active6．A．arguing B．cooperating C．communicating D．dealing7．A．curious B．extraordinary C．charming D．inspiring8．A．refuse B．pretend C．manage D．prepare9．A．preserve B．ruin C．gain D．miss10．A．pick B．admit C．support D．believe11．A．find out B．care about C．work out D．think about12．A．reading B．travelling C．sports D．relaxation13．A．obviously B．likely C．actually D．hopefully14．A．expect B．help C．include D．recognize15．A．active B．caring C．greedy D．lazy7.【江苏省南京市第三高级中学2022-2023学年高三上期期末】词数：247话题：换位思考The majority of people are convinced that they don’t have much imagination. They are ____1____. Everyone has imagination, but most of us forget how to ____2____ it once we become adults. Creativity isn’t always____3____ with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free time ____4____ think of creative ways to solve problems. Here are three techniques to help you.Make connections! It involves taking ____5____ ideas and trying to find links between them. Think about the problem to solve or the job to do. Then find an image, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas ____6____ with candles connect the ____7____ with the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original ____8____ you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night.No limits! Imagine that normal limitations don’t ____9____. You have as much imagination as you want. Think about your goal and the new _____10_____. If your goal is to learn to ski, _____11_____, you can now practice skiing every day. Now _____12_____ this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.Be someone else. Look at the situation from a _____13_____ point of view. Good writers use this technique. Fiction writers often imagine they are the _____14_____ in their books. If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their _____15_____. The best fishermen think like fish!1．A．mistaken B．accurate C．reasonable D．incredible2．A．fit in with B．become aware of C．make use of D．keep track of3．A．equipped B．compared C．occupied D．concerned4．A．routinely B．skillfully C．apparently D．abruptly5．A．relevant B．unrelated C．creative D．imaginary6．A．presented B．marked C．indicated D．associated7．A．ideas B．assessments C．arrangements D．practices8．A．item B．service C．present D．object9．A．exist B．occur C．operate D．change10．A．tendencies B．limitations C．possibilities D．assumptions11．A．as a matter of fact B．in other words C．as a whole D．for instance 12．A．devote B．apply C．revise D．contribute13．A．personal B．global C．different D．positive14．A．features B．themes C．creatures D．characters15．A．locations B．positions C．images D．impressions8.完形填空词数：280话题：鸟类有感知数字变化的能力。

专题21 完形填空之说明文说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态、用途、原理或事物的发生、发展、结果等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。

与记叙文相比，说明文类完形填空多用一般现在时，其语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述，其主题明确，层次分明。

高考说明文类完形填空往往在文章的开头就点明说明对象，从而为同学们把握文章主题提供了有利条件。

而且，作者借助合理的说明顺序展开文章，使文章结构清晰，层次分明。

作者的写作情感和意图。

2022年新高考体裁主题内容考点发布I卷记叙文介绍旅行经历动词4 名词5介词短语2形容词、副词4II卷记叙文环球旅行动词4 名词7 形容词4全国卷乙卷说明文孩子们捉迷藏时坚持相互承认和尊重动词7 名词 7 形容词4副词2 动词短语1甲卷记叙文讲述了两个爱狗人士是怎么从相知、相爱到相伴的动词9 名词6 形容词3副词1 介词短语12021年新高考I卷记叙文介绍第一次暑期打工的经历动词8 名词4 形容词2介词短语1II卷记叙文警察破案动词6 名词7 形容词2全国卷乙卷夹叙夹议女患者表达感激之情动词9 名词7 形容词1副词2动词短语1甲卷记叙文作者住酒店的经历动词10 名词5 形容词4副词1命题专家谈高考1.选材特点完形填空的体裁主要以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会及人与自然，选材都是积极向上、充满正能量的文章，倡导至真至善至美的价值观。

2．考查特点主要考查实词。

一般情况下，名词和动词(短语)考查的数量在2/3以上。

在能力方面着重考查考生的词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。

3．新高考新变化(1)文章长度：200词左右，较以往20空完形填空有所减短。

(2)空格设置：由原来的20空变为15个空，分值也大大降低，由以往的30分降为15分。

技法七依常识，定答案完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。

考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的生活常识和文化背景知识，巧妙地加以运用，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地作出正确判断。

--解题技巧及典例剖析1.文章多用现在时态说明文通常是对客观事物或实例的介绍与说明，与时间的变化关系不大，所以文章常用现在时态。

2.语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述说明文的目的主要是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，所以语言简练、平实、易于理解，内容客观真实，很少含有带感情的词汇。

3.文章主题明确，层次分明说明文类完形填空往往在文章开头就点明说明对象，从而为学生们把握文章主题提供了有利1.利用说明文首句，明确说明对象典例1(2015·重庆高考B)Imagine the first days in a new time zone . Slow to respond to the 28______ , your body clock is confused. You're sleepy all day, but when it's time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you're 29 _________jet lag(时差反应）.28.A.flight B. change C. demand D. climate【解析】：下文的“jet lag(时差反应）”说明，在旅行时要适应时差。

29.A.suffering from B. working on C. looking into D. leading to 【解析】：上文的“hardly fall asleep”说明人们常常不能顺利地倒时差；suffer from“受折磨”。

【答案】：28.B29.A2.关注内在联系，把握说明顺序常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序（如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等）和认识顺序（如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质、由具体到抽象等）。

典例2(2015·广东高考）How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is 1 _______to live no longer than 120 years. However,110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live-if he or she is 2_______ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce 3_______. They wear out, and as a result , we get old and 4 die .1.A.designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered【解析】：此处表示我们人体的设计就是最长活到120岁。

第6讲完形填空之说明文课前热身AlphaGo has struck again, defeating Ke Jie, the world’s number one Go player, 3-0. After his defeat, the young Chinese prodigy said AlphaGo sees the ___41___ of Go while he could only see a small area around him. This win, coupled with last year’s victory over Lee Se-dol, shines a light on the awe-inspiring ___42___ of technology and places AlphaGo among the greatest Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems created to date.The AI industry is certainly making great advancements, constantly surprising the public with new and interesting tools and making life ___43___. Twenty years ago, just connecting to the Internet was a ___44___. Now, we can do just about anything on our phones, from online banking to ___45___ shows. The shifting sands of technology have placed so many paths in front of humanity that it is hard to ___46___ even the immediate future.41. A. fun B. secret C. universe D. potential42. A. intelligence B. advancements C. risks D. threats43. A. easier B. slower C. harder D. faster44. A. mess B. headache C. loss D. leisure45. A. live B. instant C. immediate D. direct46. A. tell B. frame C. predict D. encounter参考答案：41--46: CBABAC【考纲解读】近五年上海英语高考对于完形填空的考查题量一直保持在15题，总分值为15分，每小题1分。

文体分类练(四) 说明文和争论文(限时:45分钟)Passage1(2024浙江诸暨三模)Wearing a caveman mask,Dr.Marzluff walks across the camp at the university.Crows circle and scream.They dive at him and then suddenly fly away.Beneath the mask,he smiles.Days before,he and his students had 1 cavemen masks,caught crows and 2 plastic bands on to their legs.Then they released the3 birds.“We always knew crows 4 us,but could we show it?” says Dr.Marzluff,a professor known affectionately as the Crowman.When the researchers walked around campus without masks,the crows they had caught and banded didn’t 5 to them.But when the 6 humans walked by while wearing the masks,the crows scolded loudly and dived at their “7 ”.The birds had remembered their8 !“Crows are constantly 9 us,” Dr.Marzluff says.“They look,they think,they eyeball you, 10 the situation.”At first,only the banded birds reacted 11 to the people in masks.But in later tests,an increasing number of crows began scolding them,even when the banded birds were not around.The birds had 12 from one another.Dr.Marzluff and his team followed banded crows for a year and 13 that adults even pass this information to their 14 .Dr.Marzluff’s experiments led him to study how crows’ 15 work.1.A.picked out B.put onC.searched forD.taken off2.A.dropped B.steppedC.pressedD.tied3.A.unhappy B.beautifulC.blackD.rare4.A.hate B.attackC.recognizeD.contact5.A.wave B.reactC.replyD.turn6.A.friendly B.unkindC.differentD.same7.A.enemies B.professorsC.ownersD.followers8.A.clothes B.facesansD.figures9.A.expecting B.admiringC.watchingD.tolerating10.A.estimating B.changingC.restoringD.worsening11.A.rigidly B.automaticallyC.abnormallyD.threateningly12.A.resulted B.heardC.learnedD.benefited13.A.promised B.identifiedC.deniedD.clarified14.A.young B.neighborC.partnersD.opponents15.A.wings B.nosesC.legsD.brainsPassage2This year,hundreds of people around the world are applying for a desired job to run Port Lockroy,the world’s most remote post off ice.The 1 is in Antarctica,and one of the key 2 is the ability to count penguins.Each year,the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust 3 four postmen to live on the island from November to March.Apart from being a nearly 80-year-old British-owned post office,it 4 as a museum.Although employees each have unique 5 ,they are cooperatively responsible for preserving the 6 place and caring for the thousandsof tourists.The staff is also 7 environmental data collection and wildlife monitoring.Applicants are warned there’s not much time for relaxation and rest.Still,the job is highly 8 .The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust gets hundreds of applications 9 for the position.They are mainly 10 to Port Lockroy,both for its history and its scientific significance.Lucy Dorman succeeded in applying for the 2024—2024 season.It was a real11 for her.“Even though the job can be hard at times,there’s a real sense of community.You’ve got to 12 ,because you can’t get away from each other very easily.I really love that sort of 13 ,”she said.“And what you can achieve here is 14 .The total experience offers both a different 15 to the world and a new viewpoint on your function on the planet.”1.A.centre B.positionC.aimD.unit2.A.requirements B.characteristicsC.virtuesD.activities3.A.persuades B.instructsC.encouragesD.hires4.A.exists B.operatesC.doublesD.develops5.A.tastes B.talentsC.rolesD.backgrounds6.A.temporary B.historicC.grandD.magical7.A.in favor of B.in need ofC.in possession ofD.in charge of8.A.paid B.sought-afterC.hard-wonD.respectable9.A.annually B.weeklyC.monthlyD.daily10.A.invited B.devotedC.relatedD.drawn11.A.joy B.lessonC.effortD.shock12.A.get along B.show offC.break throughD.give in13.A.loneliness B.eagernessC.loosenessD.togetherness14.A.consistent B.rewardingC.potentialD.pure15.A.entrance B.answerC.attitudeD.introductionPassage3(2024山西部分重点中学联考)I will turn 46 soon.But I decide to 1 candles from my cake this year.I think46 candles might 2 the cream or set off the smoke alarm.Amazingly,when I lookedin the 3 this morning I didn’t see a middle-aged man looking back at me.Sure there was 4 in the hair and wrinkles around the eyes.Yet,when I 5 his smile and the light in his eyes,I felt as alive and 6 as before.I saw the young and loving spirit living inside this 7 body.It is such a 8 that we can grow younger on the inside while we grow older on the outside.Some of the most loving, 9 and energetic people I know live inside ancient bodies that have 10 far better days.These people smile often,laugh alot,and spend every day quite optimistically.They 11 me that old bodies don’t always 12 old hearts.I hope when your own 13 comes around,your heart will feel as young as ever.I hope you will remember that you are not 14 on a calendar or candles on a cake,buta forever young spirit.Your body may age and die,but your heart never will.May you15 all of your days with love,laughter,light and joy.1.A.protect B.separateC.removeD.withdraw2.A.beat B bineC.decorateD.ruin3.A.window B.faceC.mirrorD.sky4.A.grey B.detailC.energyD.black5.A.imagined B.noticedC.checkedD.remembered6.A.dynamic B.successfulC.courageousD.friendly7.A.delicate B.healthyC.agingD.mature8.A.surprise B.confusionC.mistakeD.fact9.A.influential B.cheerfulC.impressiveD.admirable10.A.desired B.guaranteedC.requestedD.witnessed11.A.instruct B.remindrmD.promise12.A.go into B.leave outC.make forD.wake up13.A.dream B.birthdayC.ambitionD.expectation14.A.pictures B.marksC.linesD.numbers15.A.fill B.creditC.connectD.invest答案：文体分类练(四) 说明文和争论文Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。

高考英语完形填空试题(附答案)一、高中英语完形填空1．Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Now, U.S. researchers have identified a new way to treat people infected with tuberculosis (肺结核)before they get sick.Tuberculosis is one of the world's most 1 health threats. The World Health Organization says tuberculosis kills nearly two million people each year. Another two billion are 2 : they are infected, but don't have symptoms of the disease. Those at highest risk can take medicine, but Vanderbilt University researcher Timothy Sterling says not everyone 3 with the treatment, which is a daily dose of isoniazid(异烟肼，抗结核药)for nine months. So although the medication is highly effective if people take all of their medication, many people do not take all their medication and therefore the effectiveness of the treatment plan is 4 . Asa(n) 5 , Sterling and his colleagues 6 isoniazid with another drug, rifapentine (利福喷汀).The combination was taken weekly, not daily, for just three months. And the results of this study showed that the new treatment plan ---- the three months of isoniazid and rifapentine---- was as effective as the nine–month isoniazid treatment plan. 7 , the short-course, three-month treatment plan had higher treatment completion rates and was also well 8 .There was some other difference. The two-drug, combination treatment was administered as directly 9 therapy. That means the patients took their medicine in the presence of a health care worker, to ensure that they followed the treatment plan. This was a large study, involving 7,500 participants in North America, Spain, and Brazil. Sterling 10 that most of the people in this study were HIV-negative. The results might be 11 for HIV-positive people. A recent study in South Africa indicated that the combination therapy works well in people infected with HIV as well as tuberculosis, but the study was too small to be 12 . Timothy Sterling's research, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, has been 13 by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the CDC. The government health agency recommends the 12-dose weekly combination treatment as an equal alternative to the 270–dose daily treatment plan that has been the 14 therapy. But because of possible 15 issues, the CDC still recommends the daily treatment plan for HIV–positive patients who are taking antiretroviral drugs or women who are pregnant. Also because of a lack of data, the CDC says children under age 12 should stay with the nine-month daily treatment.1. A. public B. persistent C. predictable D. mild2. A. out of control B. beyond expectation C. without hope D. under threat3. A. put up B. follow through C. get along D. come up4. A. decreased B. maximized C. measured D. enhanced5. A. supplement B. substitute C. promotion D. alternative6. A. mixed B. replaced C. associated D. connected7. A. As a result B. In addition C. In fact D. For instance8. A. imposed B. tolerated C. cultivated D. infected9. A. isolated B. implemented C. observed D. required10. A. argues B. suggests C. commands D. warns11. A. inevitable B. negative C. distinct D. indirect12. A. definite B. desired C. logical D. detailed13. A. conducted B. proved C. demonstrated D. approved14. A. similar B. unique C. standard D. peculiar15. A. personal B. crucial C. age D. safety【答案】（1）B；（2）D；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）A；（7）C；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）C；（15）D；【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍结核病是世界上最严重的疾病之一，但是研究人员发现了新的混合疗法用于肺结核疾病的治疗，效果更佳，但是仍不完善，对于HIV呈阳性的病人治疗时，政府机构持谨慎态度。

备战2021年高考英语篇章体裁分类专项训练专题02 说明文（二）话题：一、完形填空People are always asking what the most important element to a healthy relationship is. The 1 is there are many. But there is one really important thing that all great and healthy relationships have in common— 2 . Yes, of course, there are some little 3 lies even in the best of relationships— 4 surprises or unexpected birthday parties—but the truth is that happy couples communicate honestly and don’t 5 to protect their own interests. So how can you have more open 6 in your own relationship?First, remember that honesty is the best policy even 7 your partner might not like what you have to say. Yes, it may be 8 to tell your guy that you don’t like one of his friends. But lying or holding things 9 will make things worse in the long run.The next thing to be 10 is to say what you have to say 11 . If your partner feels 12 ,he will be less13 to what you have to say and may even become defensive. Your delivery is of utmost importance when you are discussing sensitive issues. Think through what you want to say 14 before youbring it up. You don’t want to 15 the person that you love. You just want them to be 16 of the truth.One last thing to keep in mind about communicating openly is that it enhances your relationship. If you aren’t honest about any dirty little 17 you may have, they will probably come up eventually and 18 you in the backside. And if you keep things to yourself, your relationship will not be based on the truth, which19 a solid foundation. Hard20 the truth may be sometimes, honesty really is the best policy.1．A．phenomenon B．truth C．theory D．evidence2．A．honesty B．enthusiasm C．cooperation D．persistence3．A．red B．purple C．white D．black4．A．security B．privilege C．anniversary D．ambition5．A．lie B．bargain C．complain D．interact6．A．appreciation B．reputation C．selection D．communication7．A．why B．when C．how D．where8．A．tough B．immediate C．complicated D．plain9．A．in B．on C．above D．back10．A．serious about B．proud of C．expert at D．worthy of11．A．obviously B．rudely C．nicely D．smoothly12．A．puzzled B．attacked C．astonished D．satisfied13．A．creative B．relative C．sensitive D．receptive14．A．slightly B．thoroughly C．frequently D．briefly15．A．suspect B．convince C．insult D．frighten16．A．afraid B．aware C．ashamed D．capable17．A．uniforms B．secrets C．blankets D．courts18．A．train B．consult C．understand D．bite19．A．picks out B．turns on C．makes for D．comes across20．A．although B．while C．until D．as二、阅读选择AArbeia Roman Fort (城堡) and MuseumLocation and HistoryArbeia Roman Fort is situated on Hadrian’s Wall. It was the most important structure built by the Romans in Britain, and now it has been a World Heritage (遗产) Site. Built around AD 160, Arbeia Roman Fort was the military supply base for the soldiers who were stationed along Hadrian’s Wall. The fort has been gradually uncovered and some original parts have been revealed. There are reconstructions that show how Arbeia Roman Fort would have looked.The ReconstructionsThe reconstructions of the Commanding Officer’s house and soldiers’ quarters are strikingly different. The accommodation for soldiers is dark and uncomfortable, while the Commanding Officer’s house is spacious and luxurious, with courtyards with fountains for him and his family to enjoy.The MuseumVisit the museum and see many objects that were found at Arbeia. They are historically important and show what daily life was really like at that time. You will see weapons, tools, jewellery, and so on. You can also discover how the Romans buried their dead and see tombstones (墓碑) which survive to this day. There is a “hands-on” area allowing visitors to dig on a certain site and study their findings with the help of museum staff. You can piece together pottery (陶器), or try writing just as the Romans would have done. For children, they can build this ancient Roman fort with building blocks by themselves.Opening Times and Getting ThereApril 1-October 31:Monday to Saturday 10:00am-5:00pm, Sunday 2:00pm-5:00pm.November 1-March 31:Monday to Saturday 11:00am-4:00pm, closed Sunday. (Closed December 25-26 and January 1)Entry is free.Arbeia is only a ten-minute walk from the bus station at South Shields. Free car park nearby.Website:/arbeia21．According to the passage, Arbeia Roman Fort ______.A. was related to the militaryB. got reconstructions around AD 160C. was built in a small area in RomeD. provided a comfortable life for soldiers22．What can visitors do in the museum?A. See historical objects.B. Build tombstones for the dead.C. Write to ancient Romans.D. Try using old tools and weapons.23. What time does Arbeia Roman Fort close?A. On April 1.B. On October 31.C. On November 1.D. On December 26.BYou know that old saying that laughter is the best medicine. Well, studies have long shown that laughter can have a positive effect both physically and emotionally. In South Korea, a nation more used to holding back its emotions, at least one hospital is encouraging patients to let loose on their regular basis.Laughing, for those cancer patients and their families, is a weekly exercise at Seoul National University hospital. It is something that does not come easy for them, but an hour of laughter therapy (疗法）is all it takes to fight depression that often follows chemical treatment. Lim Song Li, a therapist at the hospital, was once a depression patient herself. She now is a laughter therapist and says when you laugh, blood vessels expand,and sugar levels drop, producing an abundance of hormones (激素）linked with happiness and pleasure. But in Korean culture,where Confucian tradition dominates(主导）social behavior,laughing is not a nature thing. Korean men are taught not to cry more than three times in their lifetime. And the sound of a Korean woman's laughter should not be heard outside the fence of her home. But inside this hospital,they are letting it out. By the end of the session, they make belief laughs somehow become their own.If laughing requires effort,more natural to Koreans, it is singing. The sing-song star therapist, famous for her therapy sessions to fight housewife depression,Jeong Ji Song says singing is an easier way to express inner feelings,especially for Korean women brought up in the conservative background. For some,these classes can be a stress-management tool,but for many more who suffer from depression, learning to sing out their heart can be a healing process.It not only helped Ying Seung Woo come out of severe depression, but also presented her with a new career. After taking up singing therapy, she found a talent in herself-cheer-leading. And now she is taking courses to become a certified therapist.24.The author mentions South Korea to show.A．there are few people suffering from depression in South KoreaB．laughter has a positive influence on Korean women' s healthC．people in South Korea are used to expressing their inner feelingsD．people in South Korea have attempted to use laughter therapy25. Why does the hospital encourage patients to laugh?A. Laughter can help ease patients' pain.ughing can help patients fight depression.C. Laughter is a natural thing in the Korean society.D. Laughing is not allowed in the Korean tradition.26. What does the underlined word “healing” in paragraph 3 mean?A．Curing. B．Controlling. C．Suffering. D．Fighting.CAs doctors and nurses struggle for medical supplies to fight coronavirus pandemic,help is coming from an unlikely place﹣high school students. The Careen Technical Education Charter High Scholl（CTEC）,US,has been using its nine 3D printers to make face masks for healthcare workers on the frontline.Face masks have been particularly challenging to find across the US since the outbreak Valerie Castro,16, a CTEC student,is part of a team of teachers and students who came up with improvement that cut almost 30 minutes off the time it takes to build a face mask."That's what makes this school kind of different. " Gavin Newsom, Governor of the State of California, said. "Even though all these bad things are happening，we're able to make an impact positively. It's like leaving your little mark on the world. " Makerbot，a New York﹣based company that makes 3D printers, has also helped CTEC to maximize the building process. They've been churning out nearly 100 masks each day, and that production rate is set to be three times as 20 more 3D printers come online at the school.CTEC staff and students have provided masks to hospitals, dentists, urgent care centers and retirement homes in Fresno County and the surrounding areas in California. "I was shocked," Stacy V ohra told school staff in video. "We were so thrilled to have the donation from CTEC. This is something that we've been needing. ""The entire staff has switched from daily teaching to face mask production，" said Jonathan Delano, director of CTEC. "When the new 3D printers arrive, some of them will go to students' houses so kids can help with the hands ﹣on process. ""That's how we get through these things, " Delano said. "Our high school focuses on giving back to society. Students should know the skills they hold can have an impact on a community. "27．What can we learn from the passage?A. High School students are expected to help make face masks in the U. S.B. Valeria alone helps speed up the production of 3D face masks in CTEC.C. The act of the students in CTEC is highly thought of by Gavin.D. Makerbot helps CTEC to build a factory for making 3D face masks.28．What does the underlined phrase "churning out" in Paragraph 3 mean?A. producing massiveB. selling quicklyC. importing legallyD. exchanging equally29．How do people feel to receive the donation from CTEC?A. Shocked and embarrassed.B. Astonished and excited.C. Disappointed and frustrated.D. Inspired and joyful.30．What's the main idea of this passage?A. Teenagers helped design face masks.B. 3D printing technology was used to produce face masks.C．A high school made donations to fight the pandemic.D. A high school made contributions by producing 3D face masks.三、七选五If you’re tired of freestyle walking programs, you may be interested in leaming how to racewalk. Or you want to pick up speed. Or maybe you have a desire for competition. 31．, racewalking is a good choice for you.As you begin to racewalk, it is important to concentrate more on movement than on speed. Speed will come later, as you master the movement skills of racewalking. And you can begin to increase your speed once you feel comfortable with the actions of racewalking. Be sure, however, to increase your speed gradually. 32．.Racewalking can increase your walking exercise. You can experience this in person. Try walking as fast as you can, and youll feel your body eager to jog. 33．, you have to keep one foot on the ground at all times. While you are jogging, both feet are off the ground at some point, which allows you to cover more distance with one step. So in order to cover the same distance, you have to take more steps than you would if you were jogging.34．. Before you begin exercising, you need to warm up your body and relax your muscles (肌肉). 35．. It is necessary to cool down in the end. If you ignore these steps, you may suffer muscle pain and even injury.A．No matter what the reason isB．In order to walk at high speedsC．The same is true after each exerciseD．Always keep safety in mind when racewalkingE.In order to continue walking and not to break into a jogF.Don’t push too hard or walk to the point of being tired outG.It is more efficient to warm up your body before exercise四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

专题26 完形填空（说明文）8．A．creative B．personal C．academic D．skillful9．A．remember B．commend C．judge D．process10．A．defeated B．predicted C．prevented D．supported11．A．subject B．resistant C．sensitive D．accustomed 12．A．responsibility B．belief C．command D．contribution13．A．shared B．confirmed C．boosted D．calmed14．A．unexpectedly B．importantly C．fortunately D．obviously15．A．ban B．help C．save D．facilitate【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．B 15．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了Jerry Siegel和Joe Shuster创造出了超人的原因以及意义。

1．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：那是1933年，当时国家还在经历大萧条，杰里·西格尔和乔·舒斯特把他们的想法写在了纸上。

A. evaluating评估；B. undergoing经历；C. controlling控制；D. overcoming克服。

由下文“the Great Depression,”可知，1933年，当时国家还在经历大萧条，故选B。

2．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：那是1933年，当时国家还在经历大萧条，杰里·西格尔和乔·舒斯特把他们的想法写在了纸上。

A. concepts概念；B. principles原则；C. ideas主意；D. disputes争论。

专题强化练(十三) 完形填空之说明文、议论文ANumber sense is not the ability to count.It is the ability to recognize a__12__，experiments show that many animals are，too.For example，many birds have good number sense.If a nest has four eggs and you remove one，the bird will not__3__．However，if you remove two，the bird__4__leaves.This means that the bird knows the__5__between two and three.Another interesting experiment showed a bird's__6__ number sense.A man was trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦)that had a nest in a tower，but the crow always left when she saw him coming.The bird did not__7__until the man left the tower. The man had an__8__．He took another man with him to the tower.One man left and the other stayed，but they did not__9__the bird.The crow stayed away until the second man left，too.The experiment was __10__with three men and then with four men.But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were__11__．It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were__12__able to fool the crow.How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good.For example，babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a__13__group.But when the number goes beyond three or four，the children are__14__fooled.It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world，and that our human__15__is not much better than a crow's.1．B．patternC．change D．trend2．A.Importantly B．SurprisinglyC．Disappointedly D．Fortunately3．A.survive B．careC．hatch D．notice4．A.generally B．sincerelyC．casually D．deliberately5．A.distance B．rangeC．difference D．interval6．A.amazing B．annoyingC．satisfying D．disturbing7．B．recoverC．react D．return8．A.appointment B．excuseC．idea D．explanation9．A.fool B．hurtC．catch D．kill10．A.reported B．repeatedC．designed D．approved11．A.confused B．goneC．tired D．drunk12．A.gradually B．luckilyC．strangely D．finally13．A.single B．smallC．local D．new14．A.seldom B．temporarilyC．merely D．often15．A.sight B．natureC．ability D．belief【语篇解读】本文是说明文。

高考英语专项复习阅读理解《完形填空（说明文议论文）》十年真题汇总2022年完形填空说明文、议论文Close 1【2022年全国乙卷】Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ .For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology___26___ that idea.We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___ when others use it.21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effectiveClose 2【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good ___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. educationClose 3【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good ___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.16. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know17. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that18. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment19. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important20. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility21. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier22. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name23. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student24. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect25. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce26. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful27. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example28. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine29. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately30. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership31. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand32. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget33. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack34. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending35. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education2016年完形填空说明文、议论文Close 1【2016年上海卷】In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 workand will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating61. A. honored B. left C. crowded D. compared62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness2015年完形填空说明文、议论文Close 1【2015年重庆卷】Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the 28 , your body clock is confused. You’re sleepy all day, but when it’s time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you’re 29 jet lag（时差反应）.Travelers have traditionally fought this 30 with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as 31.For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start 32 your biological clock to the destination’s time. If it’s daytime in your destination, try to stay 33 . Walking around the cabin（客舱）can be of help. When it’s nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight, 34 an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new 35of sleep and wakefulness.28. A.flight B.change C.demand D.climate29. A.suffering from B.working on C.looking into D.leading to30. A.danger B.problem C.waste D.fear31. A.briefly B.slowly C.suddenly D.effectively32. A.checking B.sending C.adjusting D.stopping33. A.awake B.alone C.hungry D.calm34. A.though B.so C.while D.or35. A.understanding B.cy cle C.research D.trendClose 2【2015年安徽卷】In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 36 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we 38 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 39 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 40 modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 41 .Another cause is our 42 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 43 people, we are always looking for 44 to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 45 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.Our appetite for new products also 46 to the problem. We are 47 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 48 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 49 useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the 50 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 51 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52 , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 53 , this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 54 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 55 . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.36. A. key B. reason C. project D. problem37. A. gifts B. rubbish C. debt D. products38. A. face B. become C. observe D. change39. A. hide B. control C. replace D. withdraw40. A. Thanks to B. As to C. Except for D. Regardless of41. A. safe B. funny C. cheap D. powerful42. A. love B. lack C. prevention D. division43. A. sensitive B. kind C. brave D. busy44. A. ways B. places C. jobs D. friends45. A. donate B. receive C. produce D. preserve46. A. adapts B. returns C. responds D. contributes47. A. tired of B. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed for48. A. newer B. stronger C. higher D. larger49. A. pick up B. pay for C. hold onto D. throw away50. A. advantages B. purposes C. functions D. consequences51. A. show B. record C. decrease D. measure52. A. technology B. environment C. consumers D. brands53. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Meanwhile54. A. by B. in favour of C. after D. instead of55. A. spending B. collecting C. repairing D. advertisingClose 3【2015年广东卷】How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is1to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live — if he or she is2healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce3. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and4die.Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a5life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span(寿命)was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the6line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental7until after age 75.People are living longer because more people8childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood9. Now that the chances of dying10are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.On the whole, our population is getting older. The11in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see12, not disaster. Today, many men and women in their "golden years" are healthy, still active, and young in13if not in age.As our society grows old, we need the14of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to15active and be devoted.1.A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered2.A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely3.A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately4.A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately5.A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier6.A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing7.A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure8.A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value9.A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases10.A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet11.A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases12.A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices13.A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement14.A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission15.A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay2014年完形填空说明文、议论文Close 1【2014年新课标Ⅰ卷】As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this ____41____at work in people of all _____42____. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about ___43____with their new toys. But their ___44_____soon wear off and by January those_____45____toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of_____46____stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s ____47_____interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child____48____bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the___49____of caring the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescent enter high school with great____50___but soon looking forward to_____51___. The same is true of the young adults going to the college. And then, how many____52_____, who complain about the long drives to work, ____53_____drove for hours at a time when they first_____54____ their drivers licenses? Before people retire, they usually ___55____to do a lot of___56__things, which never had __57___while working. But ____58____after retirement, the golfing, the fishing , the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they ___59____. And, like the child in January, they go searching for new____60_____.【小题1】A.principle B.habit C.way D.power【小题2】A.parties B.races C.countries D.ages【小题3】A.working B.living C.playing D.going【小题4】A.confidence B.interest C.anxiety D.sorrow【小题5】A.same B.extra C.funny D.expensive【小题6】A.well-organized B.colorfully-printed C.newly-collected D.half-filled【小题7】A.broad B.passing C.different D.main【小题8】A.silently B.impatiently C.gladly D.worriedly【小题9】A.promise B.burden C.right D.game【小题10】A.courage B.calmness C.confusion D.excitement【小题11】A.graduation B.independence C.responsibility D.success【小题12】A.children B.students C.adults D.retirees【小题13】A.carefully B.eagerly C. nervously D.bravely【小题14】A.required B.obtained C.noticed D.discovered【小题15】A.need B.learn C.start D.plan【小题16】A.great B.strange C.difficult D.correct【小题17】A.time B.money C.skills D.knowledge【小题18】A.only B.well C.even D.soon【小题19】A.lost B.choose C.left D.quit【小题20】A.pets B.toys C.friends D.colleaguesClose 2【2014年重庆卷】Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and 28 them. Here are some 29 on how to fit in.Every traveler to a foreign country feels 30 at some point. What you do can make locals laugh. Your best defense is a sense of 31 . If you can laugh off eating with the wrong hand in India, locals will warm to you as ＂that crazy foreigner＂.Wearing proper clothes is important too, 32 locals will judge you by what you wear. In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is 33 , especially if you are a woman. So leave your torn jeans at home.Also be cautious about expressing 34 . Getting angry in Southeast Asia just makes you look silly. In some countries it is 35 to kiss in public.28. A. reject B. recite C. respect D. remove29. A. plans B. tips C. arguments D. choices30. A. unsafe B. excited C. satisfied D. awkward3l. A. relief B. belonging C. humor D. direction32. A. but B. for C.so D. or33. A. forbidden B. allowed C. expected D. tolerated34. A. emotions B. concern C. interest D. views35. A. natural B. advisable C. unwise D. unnecessary。

第二部分语言知识运用精做08 完形填空说明文说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是高考完形填空题中较难理解的一种文体。

其主要特点为：1. 开头点题在说明文类的完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节的前提。

2.结构清晰说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。

理清文章的说明顺序，对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系，选择正确答案具有重要意义。

3.难度较大说明文往往采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂。

4.遣词用字简练说明文一般采用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及其规律。

5.条理清晰说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序来说明事物或事理。

【解题技巧】1. 快速弄清文章大意对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。

说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。

2. 弄清楚说明的顺序把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。

3. 把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。

说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。

在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。

这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。

4. 注重上下文语境应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服＂思维定势＂，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。

5. 熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则：（1）上下一致。

每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。

完形填空--- 说明文类1．（2015安徽)In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 36 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we 38 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 39 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 40 modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 41.Another cause is our 42 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 43 people, we are always looking for 44 to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 45 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.0ur appetite for new products also 46 to the problem. We are 47 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 48 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 49 useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the 50 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 51 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 53, this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 54 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 55. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.36．A．key B．reason C．project D．problem37．A．gifts B．rubbish C．debt D．products38．A．ace B．become C．observe D．change39．A．hide B．control C．replace D．withdraw40．A．Thanks to B．As to C．Except for D．Regardless of41．A．safe B．funny C．cheap D．powerful42．A．love B．lack C．prevention D．division43．A．sensitive B．kind C．brave D．busy44．A．ways B．places C．jobs D．friends45．A．donate B．receive C．produce D．preserve46．A．adapts B．returns C．responds D．contributes47．A．tired of B．addicted to C．worried about D．ashamed for48．A．newer B．stronger C．higher D．larger49．A．pick up B．pay for C．hold onto D．throw away50．A．advantages B．purposes C．functions D．consequences51．A．show B．record C．decrease D．measure52．A．technology B．environment C．consumers D．brands53．A．However B．0therwise C．Therefore D．Meanwhile54．A．by B．in favour of C．after D．instead of55．A．spending B．collecting C．repairing D．advertising2．（2014新课全国I)As a general rule¸all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis．As a matter of fact．we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 ．For example¸on Christmas morning¸children are excited about 43 with their new toys．But their 44 soon wears off and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement．The world is full of 46stamp albums and unfinished models¸each standing as a monument to someone's 47 interest．When parents bring home a pet their child 48 bathes it and brushes its fur．Within a short time¸however¸the 49 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents．Adolescents enter high school with great 50 but are soon looking forwardto51 ．The same is true of the young adults going to college．And then¸how many 52 ¸who now complain(抱怨) about the long drives to work．53 drove for hours at a time when they first 54 their driver's licenses (执照)? Before people retire¸they usually 55 to do a lot of 56 things¸which they never had 57 to do while working．But 58 after retirement¸the golfing¸the fishing¸the reading and all of the other pastimes become absorbing as the jobs they 59 ．And¸like the child in January¸they go searching for new 60 ．41．A．principle B．habit C．way D．power42．A．parties B．races C．countries D．ages43．A．working B．living C．playing D．going44．A．confidence B．interest C．anxiety D．sorrow45．A．same B．extra C．funny D．expensive46．A．well-organized B．colorfully-printedC．newly-collected D．half-filled47．A．broad B．passing C．different D．main48．A．silently B．impatiently C．gladly D．worriedly49．A．promise B．burden C．right D．game50．A．courage B．calmness C．confusion D．excitement51．A．graduation B．independence C．responsibility D．success52．A．children B．students C．adults D．retirees53．A．carefully B．eagerly C．nervously D．bravely54．A．required B．obtained C．noticed D．discovered55．A．need B．learn C．start D．plan56．A．great B．strange C．difficult D．correct57．A．time B．money C．skills D．knowledge58．A．only B．well C．even D．soon59．A．lost B．chose C．left D．quit50．A．pets B．toys C．friends D．colleagues3．( 2012新课标全国)Body language is the quiet¸secret and most powerful language of all！It speaks 36 than words．According to specialists¸our bodies send out more．37 than we realize．In fact¸non-verbal (非言语) communication takes up about 50% 0f what we really 38 ．And body 39 when language is particularly 39 When we attempt to communicate across cultures．Indeed¸what is called body language is so 40 a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed．And misunderstandings occur as a result of it．41 ¸different societies treat the 42 between peopledifferently．Northern Europeans usually do not like having 43 contact(接触)even with friends¸and certainly not with 44 ．People from Latin American countries¸45 ¸touch each other quite a lot．Therefore¸it's possible that in 46 ¸it may look like a Latino is 47a Norwegian all over the room．The Latino¸trying to express friendship．will keep moving 48 ．The Norwegian¸very probably seeing this as pushiness¸will keep 49 —which the Latino will in return regard as 50．Clearly¸a great deal is going on when people 51 ．And only a part of it is in the words themselves．And when parties are from 52 cultures¸there's a strong possibility of 53 ．But whatever the situation¸the best 54 isto obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 ．36．A．straighter B．louder C．harder D．further37．A．sounds B．invitations C．feelings D．messages38．A．hope B．receive C．discover D．mean39．A．immediate B．misleading C．important D．difficult40．A．well B．far C．much D．long41．A．For example B．Thus C．However D．In short42．A．trade B．distance C．connections D．greetings43．A．eye B．verbal C．bodily D．telephone44．A．strangers B．relatives C．neighbours D．enemies45．A．in other words B．on the other handC．in a similar way D．by all means46．A．trouble B．conversation C．silence D．experiment．47．A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following48．A．closer B．faster C．in D．away49．A．stepping forward B．going on C．backing away D．coming out50．A．weakness B．carelessness C．friendliness D．coldness51．A．talk B．travel C．laugh D．think52．A．different B．European C．Latino D．rich53．A．curiosity B．excitement C．misunderstanding D．nervousness 54．A．chance B．time C．result D．advice55．A．noticed B．treated C．respected D．pleased4．( 2010安徽)Most people give little thought to the pens they write with¸especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very 36 things are handwritten．All too often¸people buy a pen based only on 37 ¸and wonder why they are not satisfied 38 they begin to use it．However¸buying a pen that you'll enjoy is not 39 if you keep the following in mind．First of all¸a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 40 to use．The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic (特征) 41 comfort．Having a small hand and thick fingers¸you may be comfortable with a thin pen．If you have a 42 hand and thicker fingers¸you may 43 a fatter pen．The length of a pen can 44 influence comfort．A pen that is too 45 can easily feel top-heavy and unstable．Then¸the writing point of the pen should 46 the ink to flow evenly(均匀地) while the pen remains in touch with the paper．47 will make it possible for you to create a 48 line of writing．The point should also be sensitive enough to 49 ink from running when the pen is lifted．A point that does not block the 50 may leave drops of ink51 you pick the pen up and put it down again．52 ¸the pen should make a thick¸dark line．Fine line pens may 53 bad handwriting¸but fine¸delicate lines do not command 54 next to printed text¸as¸55 ¸a signature on a printed letter．A broader line¸on the other hand¸gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威)．36．A．many B．few C．pleasant D．important37．A．looks B．reason C．value D．advantages38．A．once B．if C．because D．though39．A．convenient B．practical C．strange D．difficult40．A．heavy B．easy C．hard D．safe41．A．taking B．finding C．determining D．seeking42．A．stronger B．weaker C．smaller D．larger43．A．prefer B．recommend C．prepare D．demand44．A．hardly B．also C．never D．still45．A．thick B．light C．long D．soft46．A．change B．allow C．reduce D．press47．A．They B．0ne C．This D．Some48．A．thin B．rough C．black D．smooth49．A．prevent B．free C．protect D．remove50．A．way B．sight C．flow D．stream51．A．so B．as C．and D．yet52．A．Meanwhile B．Generally C．Afterwards D．Finally53．A．show up B．differ from C．break clown D．compensate for 54．A．attention B．support C．respect D．admission55．A．at most B．for example C．in brief D．on purpose完形填空---议论文1．（2015福建）0ne of the easiest things in the world is to become a faultfinder. However, life can be36 when you are not busy finding fault with it.Several years ago I 37 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 38 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 39 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 40 person.Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 41 Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 42 to deal with was that the day before the 43 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 44 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 45 It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 46 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 47 everything so harshly (刻薄) . She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48 as well.Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding, 49 when we’re honest, we can be sharply 50 of the world．I’m not suggesting you 51 problems, or that you pretend things are 52 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are—53 most of the time, and especially when it's not a really big 54 .Train yourself to “bite your tongue” , and with a little55 , you’ll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you’ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.36．A．lonely B．great C．quite D．uneasy37．A．received B．answered C．expected D．rejected 38．A．threatened B．interrupted C．bothered D．spoiled39．A．anything B．everything C．something D．nothing40．A．caring B．boring C．interesting D．surprising41．A．attitude B．plan C．measure D．explanation 42．A．urgent B．unnecessary C．certain D．impossible 43．A．occasion B．event C．accident D．adventure 44．A．memory B．notice C．evidence D．choice45．A．hear B．contribute C．express D．admit46．A．aware of B．afraid of C．curious about D．confused about 47．A．discuss B．realize C．judge D．settle48．A．family B．life C．career D．education49．A．so B．or C．but D．for50．A．proud B．sure C．hopeful D．critical51．A．face B．create C．solve D．ignore52．A．rarer B．better C．stranger D．worse53．A．at least B．at last C．by far D．so far54．A．task B．deal C．result D．duty55．A．practice B．speech C．rest D．pity2．( 2013安徽)If you want to learn a new language¸the very first thing to think about is why．Do you need it for a 36 reason¸such as your job or your studies? 37 perhaps you're interested in the 38¸films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a 39of the language．Most people learn best using a variety of 40 ¸but traditional classes are an ideal(理想的) start for many people．They 41 an environment where you can practice under the 42 o f someone who’s good at the language．We all lead 43 lives and learning a language takes 44 ．You will have more success if you study regularly¸so try to develop a 45 ．It doesn't matter if you haven't got long．Becoming fluent in a language will take years¸but learning to get by takes 46 ．Many people start learning a language and soon give up．"I'm too47 ¸"they say．Yes¸children do learn languages more 48 than adults¸but research has shown that you can learn a language at any49 ．And learning is good for the health of your brain¸too．I've also heard people 50 about the mistakes they make when 51 ．Well¸relax and laugh about your mistakes 52 you're much less likely to make them again．Learning a new language is never 53 ．But with some work and devotion¸you'll make progress．And you'll be 54 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in 55 own language．Good luck !36．A．technical B．political C．practical D．physical37．A．After B．So C．Though D．0r38．A．literature B．transport C．agriculture D．medicine39．A．view B．knowledge C．form D．database40．A．paintings B．regulations C．methods D．computers41．A．protect B．change C．respect D．provide42．A．control B．command C．guidance D．pressure43．A．busy B．happy C．simple D．normal44．A．courage B．time C．energy D．place45．A．theory B．business C．routine D．project46．A．some risks B．a lot less C．some notes D．a lot more47．A．old B．nervous C．weak D．tired48．A．closely B．quickly C．privately D．quietly49．A．age B．speed C．distance D．school50．A．worry B．hesitate C．think D．quarrel51．A．singing B．working C．bargaining D．learning52．A．if B．and C．but D．before53．A．tiresome B．hard C．interesting D．easy54．A．blamed B．amazed C．interrupted D．informed55．A．their B．his C．our D．Your第二部分完形填空考点12 说明文答案1．（2015广东）1．A【解析】此处表示我们人体的设计就是最长活到120岁。

完形填空文体分类练(六) 说明文、议论文Test 1[2022·哈师大附中高三第四次模]One of Switzerland's most popular ski areas has been covering mountain areas with cloth material in an effort to reduce ice melt over the summer.Workers have __1__ large blankets of material around Mount Titlis, a ski area near the Swiss mountain town of Engelberg. The area contains a glacier (冰川) that has been __2__ large amounts of ice over the past 20 years. The __3__ cloth, made of a chemical material, is designed to __4__ the sun. “Putting the blankets __5__ the glacier provides a natural protective shield，” Gian Darms, who oversees snow conditions and mountain security in the area, explained to Reuters. Decreasing snow cover __6__ higher temperatures presents a huge __7__ to ski areas across Europe. Having a glacier can provide some protection from __8__ change. It can help __9__ large snow supplies on the mountain year­round. This snow can later be moved to fill in areas where it is needed.But the Swiss government has __10__ that 90 percent of the country's remaining 1，500 glaciers will __11__ by the end of the century __12__ nothing is done to cut man­made pollution emissions. Davms said he has had to __13__ increase the size of the blankets over the glacier in recent years to save what is __14__. A small group of __15__ work over five­to­six weeks to cover parts of the glacier. __16__ the summer, the workers spend weeks removing the __17__.Currently, the reflective material covers about 100，000 square meters, which is about the __18__ of 14 football fields. The blankets help reflect the sun's energy __19__ into the atmosphere.Collected __20__ is used to fill openings in the glacier that could open up along the area's ski runs. The snow also helps support lift structures that are fixed into the ice.,1.A.produced B．placedC．transported D．folded2．A.losing B．gathering C．forming D．breaking3．A.colorful B．decorative C．fragile D．reflective4．A.absorb B．blockC．explore D．defend5．A.in B．underC．over D．through6．A.resulting from B．referring to C．leading to D．benefiting from 7．A.profit B．promiseC．threat D．opportunity8．A.pollution B．climate C．population D．economy9．A.maintain B．consumeC．attract D．reduce10．A.determined B．doubled C．proposed D．predicted11．A.emerge B．disappearC．drift D．expand12．A.unless B．whetherC．if D．although13．A.continually B．thoroughly C．occasionally D．eventually 14．A.melted B．leftC．polluted D．removed15．A.climbers B．scientists C．skiers D．employees16．A.After B．BeforeC．Till D．During17．A.leaves B．ice C．covers D．rubbish18．A.length B．value C．quantity D．size19．A.forward B．outC．back D．down20．A.wood B．clothC．water D．snow[答题区]1～5 ________ 6～10 ________ 11～15 ________ 16～20 ________Test 2How much do you know about athletes? Many people regard watching sports games as a form of __1__. But for athletes, they are challenging the __2__ of human beings and breaking boundaries. Intensive training is a task which they do every day asa matter of __3__. On May 6，1954, Roger Bannister, who ran a mile in 3 minutes and59.4 seconds, __4__ the whole world's attention. People believed that it was __5__ imagination for a person to run a mile within 4 minutes. Bannister made a(n) __6__ in what people believed was impossible. In the years since, more and more athletes have overcome the four­minute­mile __7__. Today, the record－held by Hicham El Guerrouj of Morocco since July 7, 1999—__8____ at 3 minutes and 43.13 seconds.Records are __9__ at a lower and lower rate in both running and other fields. When new records are set，they're changed by a small proportion of a(n) __10____．The decimal point(小数点), set at on e­tenth of a second for Bannister's record, now __11__one­hundredth of a second. __12__， we'll have to go to a third decimal place, and then a fourth.The closer athletes get to being __13__， the harder it is to make improvements. Even though they are __14__ the best performances of human beings, excellent athletes can still __15__ proportions of seconds off existing records. They have a real __16__ to break records. The gaps between new and old records decrease __17__. Athletes are getting closer and closer to __18__ physiological performances all the time. It will be tougher and tougher __19__. However, excellent athletes never __20__ trying.,1.A.attention B．contributionC．recreation D．communication2．A.beliefs B．rightsC．strengths D．limits3．A.routine B．situationC．experience D．opinion4．A.required B．avoidedC．attracted D．disturbed5．A.beyond B．withinC．from D．by6．A.cut B．division C．involvement D．breakthrough 7．A.difference B．barrierC．habit D．fear8．A.aims B．shootsC．works D．stands9．A.updated B．heldC．checked D．established10．A.minute B．hourC．second D．day11．A.contains B．measures C．means D．covers12．A.Instead B．Soon C．Meanwhile D．Besides13．A.honest B．strongC．perfect D．ordinary14．A.assessing B．affecting C．expecting D．approaching 15．A.shave B．keepC．pay D．knock16．A.history B．struggle C．change D．inspiration17．A.quickly B．finally C．normally D．gradually18．A.satisfying B．peak C．consistent D．fair19．A.making sense B．taking effect C．making progress D．losing heart 20．A.stop B．rememberC．start D．suggest[答题区]1～5 ________ 6～10 ________ 11～15 ________ 16～20 ________Test 3[2022·郑州市高三第二次质量预测]Waiting has a bad reputation in modern society. We don't like to wait!I've been __1__ for much of my life. I had a plan in my 20's：Finish college, find a job, get married and have a family as soon as possible. I really didn't know much about __2__ then. I thought it was something you did if you didn't have __3__—an excuse not to take action. But now I know better about it.The mind is usually not comfortable with waiting. It hates __4__ and would rather make a mistake than simply __5__ in a state of “not knowing” while the right course unfolds.Places of uncertainty can be deeply __6__， and most of us tend to rush through them quickly. However, if we __7__， the landscape gradually becomes clearer. Making our way forward requires different __8__， and waiting is one of the most important. I've learned waiting is one of the most __9__ tools that we have for __10__ the life we want.Look back on your life, and you'll see this __11__. First, look at the decisions that you forced; How did those turn ou t? Then, look for times when you just “knew” what to do. What happened then?The key to the second kind of decision is waiting for that __12__ sense of inner knowing. There is a sense of “now is the time” in your body like the __13__birds get when it's time to leave town. We're animals, too — we can __14__ that inner sensitiveness which lets us know what to do when the time is right. Wait __15__ rather than passively. Keep your inner senses tuned to urges and __16__ that an answer will come.Ignore the __17__ in your head that says you need to make a decision now. See what becomes clear as you sit with uncertainty. __18__ your heart more than your head. Have faith that the right course will unfold at the __19__ time. And then, when the time comes, just do it, as simply and __20__ as the birds take flight.,1.A.independent B．impatientC．successful D．nervousC．performing D．waiting3．A.courage B．energy C．enthusiasm D．time4．A.quietness B．anxiety C．uncertainty D．tolerance5．A.walk B．thinkC．act D．live6．A.unreasonable B．uncomfortable C．unbelievable D．unfortunate 7．A.slow down B．give upC．slide away D．rush off8．A.projects B．sensesC．skills D．situations9．A.convenient B．immediate C．powerful D．specific10．A.creating B．simplifying C．changing D．choosing11．A.concept B．tendencyC．goal D．pattern12．A.direct B．conservative C．common D．deep13．A.call B．urgeC．idea D．feeling14．A.develop B．discover C．catch D．control15．A.hopefully B．confidently C．actively D．eagerly16．A.predict B．imagine C．confirm D．expectC．concern D．sign18．A.Free B．TrustC．Mind D．Protect19．A.regular B．important C．risky D．perfect20．A.exactly B．steadily C．naturally D．smoothly[答题区]1～5 ________ 6～10 ________ 11～15 ________ 16～20 ________完形填空文体分类练(六) 说明文、议论文Test 1【语篇解读】说明文文章主要介绍了一个瑞士最受欢迎的滑雪区一直在山区铺设布料，以减少夏季的冰雪融化。

2023届高考英语复习：历年经典好题专项(说明文和议论文完形填空)练习Test1People always say that teenage friendships are the most precious. Kids are too 1 to understand real friendship while adults tend to relate it to fame and wealth.Things are 2with high school best friends. We share each other’s 3. We discuss news from all walks of life and begin to 4 our values. We 5 each other on the journey to the biggest challenge in our lives. We also share success and failure. The 6of friendship become deeply rooted.Many of us don’t realise this until we enter 7. One of my friends, Cora, experienced how 8 the bond with high school friends could be.“It was my high school friend who helped me get through the darkest days in my life,” Cora said.In 2018, Cora 9 her job in New York. Cora’s best friend was staying in a college dormitory and took her in. Each night the two girls squeezed into a 10 single bed, chatting and crying.“I’ll never forget her care and encouragement, which supported me out of the 11,” said Cora.I still remember my 12 days in Senior 3.At the time, I 13 a 20-page message with my best friend, both of us hoping to keep the friendship going forever.But we didn’t realise we were 14 deep in each other’s heart. During the past 10 years, whenever I’ve needed help or wanted to pour out my 15, she has always been there at the other end of a telephone line.1.A.silly B.youngC.slowD.naughty2.A.different B.familiarC.simplefortable3.A.success B.failureC.valuesD.secrets4.A.shape B.changeC.designD.discover5.A.praise B.blamermD.support6.A.flowers B.fruitsC.leavesD.seeds7.A.university B.classroomC.societyD.hotel8.A.strong B.freeC.clearD.weak9.A.got B.foundC.lostD.changed10.A.new B.narrowC.warmrge11.A.circle B.marriageC.darknessD.loneliness12.A.lonely B.busyC.sadst13.A.sent pletedC.wroteD.exchanged14.A.already B.evenC.insteadD.still15.A.excitement B.breathC.unhappinessD.joyTest2All our food comes directly or indirectly from soil. The soil which is dark in colour is humus(腐殖质). Humus includes plenty of useful materials 1 from dead plants and waste matter from animals. Soil2 its food. If we do not3 it with any food, plants will not grow well on it. Animal waste is the best food for soil, and chemical4 are good, too. A change of crops every year in the same soil will also do 5.When soil is too 6, winds will blow it away, and the land will soon look like a 7. Farmers can prevent this 8 growing trees. This will weaken the 9 of the wind. After heavy rain, the 10 carries the humus down to the river. This often happens 11 the fields are on the hillsides. Farmers can level their fields and make them 12.At the beginning of the century there have been about 7,000 13 people on Earth. We now ought to 14 every bit of the soil. 15, where will such a large population grow their food?1.A.died B.madeC.broughtD.taken2.A.eats B.needsC.feedsD.enjoys3.A.give B.produceC.supplyD.develop4.A.poisons B.fertilisersC.powdersD.medicines5.A.harm B.goodC.helpD.favour6.A.light B.energeticC.dryD.thirsty7.A.desert keC.valleyD.plain8.A.from B.byC.offD.with9.A.noise B.blowC.speedD.force10.A.wind B.farmerC.treeD.water11.A.where B.inC.toD.that12.A.hill-like B.stair-likeC.bottom-likeD.gulf-like13.A.thousand B.thousandslionlions14.A.affect eC.saveD.share15.A.Otherwise B.HoweverC.ThereforeD.ThoughTest3(2021ꞏ湖北八市高三联考题改编)The best and most amazing thing about life is that no matter what happens or how hard it may be, stay 1.All you need to 2 is to do good, even if it may be the smallest thing, like greeting someone with a smile. It can 3 someone’s day, and you will have made the smallest 4 biggest difference to their life.I learned patience in the hard 5. I have been trying to rush through life, always 6 myself to my friends and wondering when my life would change. I was too busy trying to speed things up, but things just weren’t 7, so I finally gave up. However, when I continued to help people and do little things to make a difference, life 8 me back. Therefore, keep your 9 unchanged, no matter how unjust people are towards you. I believe you will be successful, 10 everything has its own special time, and yours is definitely coming. You just need to 11 a little longer.I 12 met someone worth it all, so kind and sweet, always trying to surprise me in the most 13 ways. Now, every day is something bigger and better, and that 14 is amazing.Even if you have been doing bad things until now, you can change it all. Believe me, it always gets better. It’s not easy, but it will. I know, because I have been 15 with it and I finally feel better.1.A.curious B.patientC.seriousD.generous2.A.reflect on B.set aboutC.take upD.focus on3.A.speed up B.look upC.brighten upD.turn up4.A.but B.andC.orD.so5.A.way B.timeC.pointD.problem6.A.adapting B.adjustingparingD.applying7.A.speeding B.changingC.movingD.succeeding8.A.gives B.paysC.getsD.brings9.A.intentions B.mindsC.heartsD.efforts10.A.if B.whenC.untilD.because11.A.work B.waitC.operateD.stay12.A.eventually B.occasionallyC.suddenlyD.instantly13.A.normal B.unusualmonD.unexpected14.A.thought B.viewC.feelingD.idea15.A.hunting B.strugglingC.searchingD.exploring答案解析Test1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。