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英翻汉Sometimes it is interpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really counts in your career.Interpersonal skills are nothing but the ability to be good listener to be sensitive toward others’ needs to take criticism well.3) People with skill in social relations admit their mistakes and take their share of blame which is a mature and responsible way to handle an error.4) That’s why many mediocre employees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent are being laid off.Sensitive in their dealings with others they are well liked everywhere.People with poor interpersonal skills have trouble taking criticism.When confronted with a mistake they let their ego get in the way.They deny responsibility and became moody or angry. They mark themselves as ―prickly有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有多大的才能。
第四章公文文体4.1 公文文体特点及翻译要点Practice 1DefinitionsArticle l The term Technical and Sales Information as used herein shall mean all data and information which Party A owns on the date hereof or may develop or acquire during the term of this agreement, and which relates to the manufacture and/or sale of licensed Products and includes detailed assembly drawings, parts lists, material specifications and manufacturing methods and procedures relating to the Licensed Products as well as sales and publicity materials such as catalogs, explanation materials, pamphlets, photographs, layout books, and sales materials. 【参考译文】定义：第一条本协议所用“技术与销售情报”的含义，是指甲方在本协议签订之日或存续期间发展或获得的，同生产和（或）销售“特许产品”有关的所有数据和情报，包括与“特许产品”相关的详尽组装图纸、配件表、原料规格、生产方法、生产程序以及诸如产品目录、使用说明书、小册子、照片、图样书册、销售等宣传资料。
Practice 2Sales AgreementThe agreement, (is)made in Beijing this eighth day of August2003 by and between ABC Trading Co., Ltd., a Chinese Corporation having its registered office at Beijing, the People’s Republic of China(hereinafter called “Seller”)and International Trading Co., Ltd., a New York Corporation having its registered office at New York, N.Y., U.S.A. (hereinafter called “Buyer”).【参考译文】购销合同本合同于2003年8月8日在北京签订。
词义、文体和翻译是语言学和翻译学中的三个重要概念。
它们之间相互关联，共同影响着翻译的质量。
1. 词义：词义是指一个词汇所表达的意义。
在翻译过程中，理解原文的词义至关重要，因为准确的词义理解是保证翻译质量的基础。
词义的理解需要考虑语境、文化背景、词源等多方面因素。
此外，一词多义现象也是翻译中需要关注的问题，译者需要根据上下文来判断具体的意义。
2. 文体：文体是指语言的风格和特点，包括正式与非正式、书面与口头、古与今等。
不同的文体有不同的语言特点和表达方式，因此在翻译时需要充分考虑原文的文体特征，以保持译文的忠实度和可读性。
例如，将一篇正式的学术论文翻译成口语化的表达可能会影响译文的准确性和权威性。
3. 翻译：翻译是将一种语言的文字或口语转换为另一种语言的过程。
翻译的目的是使目标语言的读者能够理解和接受原文的内容。
在翻译过程中，译者需要充分理解原文的词义和文体特征，同时还要考虑到目标语言的语言习惯和文化背景。
翻译的方法有很多，如直译、意译、对等译等，译者需要根据具体情况选择合适的翻译方法。
总之，词义、文体和翻译是相互关联的三个概念，它们共同影响着翻译的质量。
在翻译过程中，译者需要充分考虑这些因素，以提高译文的准确性和可读性。
文体学与翻译
文体学是一门研究文本风格及其内在规律的学科，旨在分析不同文学创作风格与语言表现形式，揭示其中的内在逻辑和格局。
充分理解原始文本的文化包容性和文理分析也是该学科的研究重点。
翻译是一项具有挑战性的任务，需要译者掌握两种语言和文化体系的差异。
翻译的目的是将一种语言的表达转换成另一种语言的表达，但译者面临的挑战是如何保留文本的意义和风格。
因此，文体学和翻译的关系密切。
对译者来说，掌握文体学的知识有助于他们更好地理解原始文本的特点。
通过分析文本的结构、语言表现方式和修辞策略，译者可以更准确地传达原始文本的含义。
例如，一篇专业论文的风格通常比较正式，而一篇诗歌则更加抒情。
当译者翻译这些文本时，他们需要根据原始文本的性质和特点采用不同的策略，并尽可能地保留原始文本的风格和意义。
此外，研究文体学还可以增强译者对文化差异的理解。
随着全球化进程的加速，译者需要面对越来越多的跨文化交流。
对文化和文体差异的了解可以帮助译者更好地理解原始文本的内涵，并尽可能地将其翻译成目标语言。
例如，在不同语言和文化环境中，同一句话可能具有不同的含义。
如果译者不了解这种文化差异，可能会误解原始文本的含义，从而导致翻译质量下降。
综上所述，文体学与翻译之间存在密切的关系。
译者需要深入研究不同文体的特点，理解文本风格和语言表达的内在规律，并将这些知识运用到翻译实践中，以保留原始文本的风格和意义。
同时，译者还需要尊重不同文化和文体之间的差异，以确保翻译工作的准确性和质量。
刘宓庆翻译论著全集：文体与翻译Liu Miqing is a renowned Chinese translator and translation theorist. His works cover a wide range of topics, including translation studies, literary translation, and translation criticism. The collection of his translated works is considered a valuable resource for scholars and students in the field of translation.One of Liu Miqing's most notable works is his book "Style and Translation", which explores the relationship between language style and translation. In this book, Liu argues that the translator's understanding of the source text's style is crucial to producing an accurate and effective translation. He also emphasizes the importance of considering the target audience's expectations and cultural background when translating a text.Liu's other works include "The Art of Literary Translation", which provides practical advice for translators of literary works, and "Translation Criticism", which examines the role of criticism in the translation process. He has also translated numerous works of literature, including the works of William Faulkner and Gabriel Garcia Marquez.Overall, Liu Miqing's contributions to the field of translation have been significant, and his works continue to be studied and referenced by scholars and practitioners alike.扩展：刘宓庆是中国著名的翻译家和翻译理论家，他的作品涵盖了广泛的主题，包括翻译研究、文学翻译和翻译批评。
刘宓庆《⽂体与翻译》（第2版）配套题库（第7~8章）【圣才出品】刘宓庆《⽂体与翻译》（第2版）配套题库第七章应⽤⽂体7.1应⽤⽂体的特点及汉译要点Ⅰ.试将下列⼴告语译成汉语。
1.Not all cars created equal.(⽇本三菱汽车⼴告)【译⽂】独⼀⽆⼆，三菱汽车。
2.You know who you are.(法国Peugeot汽车⼴告)【译⽂】标致，只有⾃⼰知道。
3.Now you can have your cake and diet too.(蛋糕⼴告)【译⽂】有了减肥蛋糕，还犹豫什么，开动吧！4.A deal with us means a good deal to you.(百货公司⼴告)【译⽂】与我们交易，您受益良多。
5.Give a SEIKO to all,and to all a good time.(⽇本精⼯⼿表⼴告)【译⽂】精致时间，精⼯打造。
6.Would you be more careful if it was you that got pregnant?【译⽂】换做是你怀孕了，你会更为谨慎吗？7.If you are what you eat,a visit to North Carolina could make you a veryinteresting person,indeed.【译⽂】⾷物造就⼈的品质，北卡罗来纳成就您的康乐。
8.The driver is safer when the road is dry;the road is safer when the driver is dry.(交通⼴告)【译⽂】道路不沾⽔，司机更安全；司机不沾酒，道路更安全。
9.No Excuses,Guaranteed,Best for Quality,Always Available,Right Price,At YourService.(ASDA超市⼴告)【译⽂】顾客⾄上，放⼼产品，质量最佳，⽅便实⽤，价格合理，竭诚服务。
“文体与翻译”课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息开课单位：翻译学院课程名称：文体与翻译课程编号：223111英文名称：Stylistics and Translation课程类型：专业拓展课总学时： 36 理论学时：20 实验学时： 16学分： 2开设专业：翻译先修课程：英汉笔译（223102）、汉英笔译（223103）二、课程任务目标（一）课程任务本课程是一门英语翻译类的专业必修课，也是翻译专业学生学习和掌握不同文体文本翻译的主要课程。
本课程的任务是使学生从实践的角度出发，在理论和实践上掌握不同文本类型在语言特征、交际重点、表现方式等方面的差异，培养学生从宏观上掌握文本特征的意识，并增强在翻译实践中处理具体的翻译问题的能力。
（二）课程目标在学完本课程之后，学生能够：1.了解文体翻译的研究内容和发展；2. 了解新闻、政论文体的语言特征和交际重点，掌握并灵活运用翻译技巧处理新闻文本的翻译问题；3. 了解商务文体的语言特征和交际重点，掌握并灵活运用翻译技巧处理商务文本的翻译问题；4. 了解法律文体的语言特征和交际重点，掌握并灵活运用翻译技巧处理法律文本的翻译问题；5. 了解文学文体的语言特征和交际重点，掌握并灵活运用翻译技巧处理文学文本的翻译问题；6. 学会翻译中的团队合作。
三、教学内容和要求（一）理论教学的内容及要求第一章文体翻译简介1. 了解文体的概念；2. 理解不同的文体分类，掌握实用文体和文学文体的区别。
第二章新闻翻译1．了解新闻文体特征；2．理解新闻文体的翻译原则，掌握新闻文体的翻译策略。
第三章政论文翻译1．了解政论文的文体特征和翻译特点；2．理解政论文翻译的四大原则，掌握政论文体的翻译策略。
第四章商务翻译1. 了解商务文体特征以及常见商务文本形似；2. 理解商务英语的翻译原则，掌握常用商务术语的翻译和商务文本的翻译策略。
第五章旅游翻译1. 了解旅游文本的分类和特性；2. 理解旅游翻译的原则和标准，掌握初阶和进阶水平的旅游文本翻译方法。
英翻汉一．Sometimes it is interpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really counts in your career.Interpersonal skills are nothing but the ability to be good listener to be sensitive toward others’ needs to take criticism well.3) People with sk ill in social relations admit their mistakes and take their share of blame which is a mature and responsible way to handle an error.4) That’s why many mediocre employees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent are being laid off.Sensitive in their dealings with others they are well liked everywhere.People with poor interpersonal skills have trouble taking criticism.When confronted with a mistake they let their ego get in the way.They deny responsibility and became moody or angry. Th ey mark themselves as ―prickly有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有多大的才能。
人际关系就是一种善于听取别人的意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。
善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。
这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下岗。
因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。
而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。
碰到错误，他们首先想到自己，拒不承认自己有错，或情绪低落或大发雷霆，成为有刺的人，难以相处。
2.The course of history is never smooth. It is sometimes beset with difficulties and obstacles and nothing short of a heroic spirit can help surmount them. A mighty long river sometimes flows through a broad section with plains lying boundless on either side, its waters rolling on non-stop for thousands upon thousands of miles. Sometimes it comes up against a narrow section flanked by high mountains and steep cliffs, winding through a course with many a perilous twist and turn. A nation, in the course of its development, fares likewise. The historical course of man’s life is just like a journey. A traveler on a long journey passes through now a broad, level plain, now a rugged, hazardous road. While a determined traveler cheerfully continues his journey upon reaching a safe and smooth place, he finds it still more fascinating to come to a rugged place, the enormously magnificent spectacle of which, he feels, is better ableto generate in him a wonderful sensation of adventure.2.、历史的道路，不全是平坦的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界，这是全靠雄健的精神才能够冲过去的。
一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻万里。
有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山叠岭，绝壁横断，江河流于其间，回环曲折，极其险峻。
民族生命的过程，其经历亦复如是。
人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样。
旅途上的征人所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路。
老于旅途的人，走到平坦的地方，固是高兴地向前走，走到崎岖的境界，愈是奇趣横生，觉得在此奇绝壮绝的境界，愈能感到一种冒险的美趣。
中华民族现在所逢的史路，是一段崎岖险阻的道路。
在这一段道路上，实在亦有一种奇绝壮绝的景致，使我们经过这段道路的人，感到一种壮美的趣味。
但这种壮美的趣味，没有雄健的精神是不能够感觉到的。
3.We are glad to note from your letter of March 9 that, as exporters of Chinese Cotton Piece Goods, you are desirous of entering into direct bushiness relations with us. This happens to coincide with our desire.At present, we are interested in Printed Shirting and shall be pleased to receive from you by airmail catalogues, samples and all necessary information regarding these goods so as to acquaint us with the quality and workmanship of your supplies.Meanwhile please quote us your lowest price, CIF Vancouver, inclusive of our 5% commission, stating the earliest date ofshipment.Should your price be found competitive and delivery date acceptable, we intend to place a large order with you.从贵方3月9日来函有幸得知，作为中国棉织品的出口商，贵方热切盼望与我方建立直接的贸易关系。
这正好与我方愿望相同。
目前，我方对印花衬布很感兴趣。
若能收到贵方航寄的有关这类产品的目录、样品及必要的资料，以帮助我方了解贵方产品的质量和工艺，我方将不胜感谢。
若贵方的报价具有竞争性，装运日期可以接受，我方便大量订货。
4.The heart, which is a muscular pump, beats about 72 times a minute through a continuous and automatic process of muscular contraction and relaxation. It is about the size of a fist, weight about 9-11 ounces and is placed snugly between the lungs, a little more to the left than to the right. A partition runs down the center of the heart, dividing it into left and right sections which work at the same time but deal with two different types of blood. Each section is again divided into upper and lower parts, the auricles and ventricles. The blood is pumped through all four chambers in turn in the course of being circulated through all parts of the body.The heart's first purpose is to supply a steady flow of oxygen to all the body cells and to return carbon dioxide to the lungs. On its journey the blood distributes dissolved foods and carries away wastes.心脏，这是肌肉泵，跳动每分钟约72次通过连续自动的肌肉收缩和放松的过程。
这是关于一个拳头大小，重量约9盎司和放置紧贴在肺，一点点的左侧比右侧更。
一个分区运行了心脏的中心，分为左、右两部分工作的同时，但随着血液的两种不同类型的交易。
每个部分又分为上部和下部，心房与心室。
血液被泵送通过四室依次被循环通过身体的各个部分的过程。
心脏的首要目的是对身体所有的细胞并将二氧化碳到肺部提供氧气。
在它的旅途血液分布溶解食物和带走废物。
5.we can never go back again , that much is certain . The past is still too close to us . The things we have tried to forget and put behind us would stir again , and that sense of fear , of furtive , struggling at length to blind un--reasoning panic--now mercifully stilled , think God -- might in some manner unforeseen become a living companion , as it had been before .He is wonderfully patient and never complains, not even when he remembers .... which happens , I think , rather more often than he would have me know .I can tell by the way he will look lost and puzzled suddenly , all expression dying away from his dear face as though swept clean by an unseen hand , and in its place a mask will form , a sculptured thing , formal and cold , beautiful still but lifeless . He will fall to smoking cigarette after cigarette, not both eying to extinguish them , andthe growing stubs will lie around on the ground like petals . He will talk quickly and eagerly about nothing at all, snatching at any subject as a panacea to pain.I believe there is a theory after suffering and that to advance in this or any world we must endure ordeal by fire . This we have done in full measure, ironic though it seem. We have both know fear , and loneliness , and very great distress . I suppose sooner or later in the life of everyone comes a moment of typical. We all of us have our particular in the end. We have conquered ours, or so we believe.我们再也回不去，那是一定的。
