下载文档原格式
![[转载]翻译第三讲参考译文（直译意译）](https://img.taocdn.com/s1/m/d69a98e14793daef5ef7ba0d4a7302768e996f13.png)
[转载]翻译第三讲参考译⽂（直译意译）原⽂地址：翻译第三讲参考译⽂(直译意译）作者：⽯壁头翻译第三讲参考译⽂直译Vs意译⼆、翻译总原则▲该直译就直译：(1).No matter what may happen, the Chinese people will firmly support the oppressed people of the world.译⽂：不管发⽣什么事情，中国⼈民都要坚定地⽀持世界上被压迫的⼈民。
(2).Exchange of idea is necessary, for without it, it is impossible to achieve mutural understanding.译⽂：思想交流是必要的，因为没有思想交流，便不可能达到相互了解。
(3).创新是⼀个民族的灵魂。
Innovation is the soul of a nation.(4).黛⽟说：你说你会过⽬成诵，难道我就不能⼀⽬⼗⾏了！意译：You needn't imagine you are the only one with a good memory,” said Dai-yu naughtily. “I suppose I'm allowed to remember lines too if I like. （David Hawks）直译：You boast that you can memorize a passage with one reading. Why can't I learn ten lines at one glance?（杨宪益；戴乃迭）▲直译造成意义晦涩：(1).It's a Smoke Free Area.意译：这是个⽆烟区。
(2).Shakespeare put his hometown on the map.意译：莎⼠⽐亚使他的家乡声名远仰。
英语四级翻译练习与译文【翻译原文】放鞭炮曾是春节庆祝活动中最重要的习俗之一。
然而，担心燃放鞭炮可能会带来危险和烦人的噪音，政府已在许多大城市下令禁止燃放鞭炮。
但在小城镇和农村地区的人们仍然坚持这种传统的庆祝活动。
除夕夜一旦时钟撞响午夜12点钟，城市和乡镇都被烟花的闪闪光芒映亮，鞭炮声震耳欲聋。
一家人熬夜就为这个欢乐的时刻，孩子们一手拿鞭炮，一手拿火机兴高采烈地点放着他们在这个特殊节日的快乐，尽管他们吓得捂着耳朵。
【参考译文】Lighting Firecrackers used to be one of the most important customs in the Spring Festival celebration. However, concerning the danger and the negative noises that lighting firecrackers may bring, the government has banned this practice in many major cities. But people in small towns and rural areas still hold to this traditional celebration. Right as the clock strike 12 oclock midnight of New Years Eve, cities and towns are lit up with the glitter from fireworks, and the sound can be deafening. Families stay up for this joyful moment and kids with firecrackers in one hand and a lighter in another cheerfully light their happiness in this especial occasion, even though they plug their ears.【翻译原文】在春节第一天或此后不久，大家都穿着新衣服，带着弓向亲戚和朋友打招呼并恭喜(祝贺)，彼此祝愿在新的一年里好运，幸福。
英汉翻译经典练习题Translation Technique Practice 11) 根据翻译的定义，举例说明译与⾮译的区别。
（参考答案：翻译是把原⽂的语⾔⽂字或符号系统加以变更，使不懂这种语⾔的⼈通过译者的努⼒变为读者的母语的结果。
例如，原⽂为：他很不错。
译⽂为：Ok，I like him very much. 这就是⾮译，是胡诌。
⼜如：Father, Son, and the Holy Ghost.译⽂是：爸爸，⼉⼦和神圣魔⿁。
这也属于⾮译，它充其量是对原⽂字⾯上的解释或者⼤意上的猜测，达不到传递语⾔信息的功能。
考察其出处，它是源⾃《圣经》的⼀个重要的基督教信仰，翻译为：圣⽗，圣⼦，圣灵三位⼀体。
这才是实质的翻译，准确地传达了原⽂信息和原语⽂化。
翻译并不是单纯的词句转化，⽽是改变语⾔符号和传达原⽂内容两⽅⾯的有机统⼀。
）2）请翻译，注意传达出原⽂信息，并便于读者理解。
The woman appeared with our beer.那个⼥⼈给我们送啤酒来了。
Last winter Stanford’s new e-commerce elective was the hottest thing on the business school’ campus, with 28 students using their single “ silver bullet” to secure one of the 66 available spots.去年冬天，斯坦福⼤学新开设的电⼦商务选修课成为商学院最热门的课程，28名学⽣各施绝技，以求在66个听课席中争得⼀席。
The study found that non-smoking wives of men who smoke cigarettes face a much greater than normal danger of developing lung cancer.研究结果表明，丈夫抽烟，妻⼦不抽烟，那妻⼦得癌症的危险，要⽐⼀般⼈⼤得多。
1.“It’s an order from President Bush.” “I don’t care if it is from bush, tree, or grass.”译：“这是从布什总统发出的命令。
”“我才不关心它是从灌木发出的，树发出的还是草发出的。
”2.But Diana’s champions were overwhelmingly women. Like many of them, she had aheartless husband, in-laws from hell, and fickle boyfriends.译：但是戴安娜的拥护者是绝大多数的女性。
就像他们中的许多人一样，她有一个负心的丈夫，法律上虽然已是姻亲，实际上却只是一个薄情的男友而已。
3.There’s no pot so ugly that it can’t find a lid.译：再丑的罐子也能找到盖子。
4.Little fish does not eat big fish.译：小鱼（虾米）不吃大鱼/胳膊拧不过腿。
5. A gift is the key to open the door closed against you.译：礼物是打开把你关在外面的门的钥匙/礼物到，门自开。
6.His wife held the purse string.译：他妻子掌管财权。
7.Every life has its roses and thorns.译：每个人的生活都有玫瑰和荆棘/生活有甜也有苦。
8.He was a dead shot. However, he met his Waterloo this time.译：他是个神枪手，可是这次却遭遇了滑铁卢。
9.I’ll have Lisa where I want her.译：只要我想丽莎了，她就会在我身边。
10.Yet China is a land of constant surprise and shifting impression.译：中国是一个惊奇不断之地，她持续地改变着人们的印象。
Translation Exercises: (直译和意译)
1.You have my sympathy.
直译：你有我的同情。
意译：我同情你。
2.Nothing that has been done can not be done better.
直译：没有什么已被做过的事情不能被做得更好。
意译：任何事情都有改进的余地。
3.March 1990 found me working in a small constructional firm.
直译：1990年发现我在一家小型建筑公司工作。
意译：1990年，我在一家小型建筑公司工作。
4.Words don’t always means what they seem to mean.
直译：文字、语言并不总是它表面的含义。
意译：话语常有弦处之音。
5.Partly as a result of the recently increasing demand, wholesale tea prices have almost doubled.
部分由于最近日益增长的需求，茶叶的批发价已经几乎翻了一番。
6.I read this letter with both surprise and excitement, surprise because he is still around, excitement because he didn’t ever forget me.
我读到他的信时既惊又喜，惊的是他还健在，喜的是他一直没忘记我。
7.They don’t know their right hand from their left.
直译：他们分不清这是自己的右手还是左手。
意译：他们什么都不知道。
8.The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test.
一次考试不及格，天是不会塌下来的。
9.Every state is the best judge of what is required to safeguard its national interests.
直译：每个国家是需要什么维护其国家利益的最好判决者。
意译：每个国家需要什么来维护其国家利益，只有它自己才能做出最好的判断。
10.Nothing seems to be too much for you to make our stay here comfortable and enjoyable and our work smooth and effective.
直译：对你们来说说没有什么东西是大的，为了使我们在这里住得舒适、愉快，工作顺利而有成效。
意译：为了使我们在这里呆得舒适、愉快，工作顺利、卓有成效，你们似乎是不惜一切的。
11.Business is a two-way street and to keep it open in both directions there must be a sense that both partne rs are doing their utmost to ensure a steady growth in each other’s markets.
直译：生意好比双行道，伙伴双方都必须明白，只有竭尽全力确保对方向自己市场的出口稳步增长，道路的两个方向才得以畅通。
意译：做生意得有来有往，来和往这两股道得保持畅通，应当有这么一个观念，即伙伴双方同时都尽最大努力，来确保对方向自己市场的出口稳步增长。
*Two-way street是城市交通方面人们十分熟悉的一个词语，将它直译为“双行道”，其喻义十分清楚，然而将它一拆为二，意译为“有来有往”，也令人耳目一新。
两种译法各有长处，可根据上下文选用。
12.Among so many well-dressed and cultured people, the country girl felt like a fish out of water. 直译：同这么多穿着体面，举止文雅的人在一起，这位乡下姑娘感到自己就像一条离水的鱼。
意译：同这么多穿着体面而又有教养的人在一起，这位乡下姑娘感到很不自在。
*意译失去了原文韵味，不如直译。
直译的理由是：鱼离不开水，是一种自然现象，中
西方皆然。
至于鱼离水之后的滋味如何，可让读者自己去体会。
这种偏重形象的习语多宜直译，再如汉语的“热锅上的蚂蚁”也可直接英译为“like an ant on a hot pan”。
13.Shakespeare put his hometown on the map.
直译：莎士比亚把他的家乡放在了地图上。
意译：莎土比亚使他的家乡声名远扬。
14. Don’t put on airs.
别摆架子！
15. There is a black sheep in every flock.
人多必有败类。
16. 现在合同已签了，真是木已成舟，生米煮成了熟饭，只好如此了。
意译：As the contract has been signed, what’s done is done and can’t be undone.
17. Diamond cuts diamond.
强中自有强中手。
18. 情人眼里出西施。
意译：Love is blind.
19.People are always talking about “the problem of youth”. If t here is one, then it is older people who create it, not the young people themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings---people just like their elders. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him, and maybe that is where the rub is.
人们总在谈论“年轻人的问题”。
如果真有这么一个问题，那也是年长者硬造出来的，而不是年轻人自己造的。
让我们认真考虑一下问题的实质，同时我们要承认年轻人毕竟是人——是跟他们的长辈一样的人。
青年人和老年人只有一点不同，那就是青年人的光辉未来在他们前头，而老年人的辉煌已经留下了他们的身后，或许这就是问题之所在。
