2020届高三英语二轮复习 随堂训练 第二篇 阅读技能探究 专题三 阅读理解 第4讲 词句猜测题

专题三阅读理解(lǐjiě) 第3讲主旨大意题1In Britain and other countries, young people sometimes take a“gap year〞, a year off between high school and college. This idea never gained a big following in America. Recent news reports have suggested that interest may be growing, though there are no official numbers.Charles Deacon, Dean of Admissions at Georgetown University in Washington, D. C. estimates that in the current first-year class of 1, 600 students, only about 25 decided to take a year off. He says this number has not changed much over the years.Mr Deacon says the most common reason for taking a “gap year〞 is to have a chance to travel, but he says international students may take a“gap year〞to meet requirements at home for military duty.Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education, but it can also give students a chance to explore their interests. Students hoping to be doctors, for example, could learn about the profession by volunteering in a hospital.Many colleges and universities support gap-year projects by permitting students to delay their admission. Experts say students can grow emotionally and intellectually as they work at something they enjoy.The Harvard admissions office has an essay on its website called “Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation. 〞It praises the idea of taking time off to step back, think and enjoy gaining life experience outside the pressureof studies. It also notes that students are sometimes admitted to Harvard or other colleges partly because they did something unusual with that time.Of course, a“gap year〞is not for everyone; students might miss their friends who go on directly to college. And parents might worry that their children will decide not to go to college once they take time off. Another concern is money. A year off, away from home, can be costly.Holly Bull’s job is to specialize in helping students plan their“gap year〞. She notes that several books have been written about this subject. She says these books along with media attention and the availability of information on the Internet have increased interest in the idea of a year off, and she points out that many gap-year programs cost far less than a year of college.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了英国的高中毕业生应该(yīnggāi)如何度过高中和大学之间的“gap year〞, 这种做法也开场在HY流行。

专题阅读理解高中英语教学大纲明确规定“侧重提高阅读能力”，这为我们的备考指明了方向。

分析近几年的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解是高考试题中难度最大，区分度最高的题型，自始至终占据着主导地位。

阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能，它不仅考查对语篇的整体把握能力，而且考查快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力。

不仅要准确理解文章表层的意思，还要通过表层去推理、判断。

除此之外，还涉及非语言因素，如：对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的掌握、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等。

Ⅰ.阅读理解题策略一、先看题干，带着问题读文章。

即先看试题，再读文章。

阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。

其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。

二、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40词左右。

必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

速读全文对于主旨大意题的解决尤其有效，能快速抓住主干，确定好答案。

三、详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。

文章绝不是互不相干的句子的堆砌。

作者为文，有脉可循。

如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；议论文则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。

四、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

深层理解主要包括归纳概括题(中心思想，加标题等)和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。

深层理解是一种创造性的思维活动。

它必须忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知推断未知，不能凭空想像，随意揣测；读者要对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。

推理题在提问中常用的词有：conclude，infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

位敦市安定阳光实验学校高三英语二轮复习专题突破精品训练：阅读理解A(NEW YORK) A French tourist highly praised for rescuing atwo­year­old girl in Manh attan said he didn't think twice before diving into the freezing East River.Tuesday's Daily News said 29­year­old Julien Duret from France was the man who left the spot quickly after the rescue last Saturday.He lifted the little girl out of the water after she fell off the bank at the South Street Seaport museum. He handed the girl to her father, David Anderson, who had dived in after him.“I didn't think at all，” Duret told the Daily News. “It happened very fast. I r eacted very fast.”Duret, an engineer on vacation, was walking with his girlfriend along the pier(码头) when he saw something falling into the water.He thought it was a doll, but realized it was a child when he approached the river. Immediately, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.When he reached the girl, she appeared lifeless, he said. Fortunately, when she was out of the water, she opened her eyes.Anderson said his daughter slipped off the bank when he was adjusting his camera. An ambulance came later for her, said Duret, who was handed dry clothes from onlookers. Duret caught a taxi with his girlfriend shortly after.The rescue happened on the day before he left for France. Duret said he didn't realize his story of heroism had greatly moved New York until he was leaving the city the next morning.“I don't really think I'm a hero，” said Duret. “Anyone would do the same thing.”1．Why was Duret in New York?A．To meet his girlfriend.B．To spend his holiday.C．To work as an engineer.D．To visit the Andersons.2．What did Duret do shortly after the ambulance came?A．He was interviewed by a newspaper.B．He went to the hospital in the ambulance.C．He disappeared from the spot quickly.D．He asked his girlfriend for his dry clothes.3．Who dived after Duret into the river to save the little girl?A．David Anderson.B．A passer­by.C．His girlfriend.D．A taxi driver.4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Duret thought twice before he jumped into the cold water.B．Duret dived into the water before the girl's father.C．The rescue happened on the day Duret left for France.D．Duret didn't think he was brave enough to be a hero.5．What is probably the headline of this news report?A．A Careless FatherB．A Poor GirlC．Warm­hearted OnlookersD．Brave Frenchman FoundLast night I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg，distance of about eighty miles. It was late. Several times I got stuck behind a slow-moving truck on a narrow road with a solid white line on my left, and I became increasingly impatient.At one point along an open road, I came to a crossing with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but as I drove near the light, it turned red and I made a stop. I looked left, right and behind me. Nothing. Not a car, no suggestion of car lamps, but there I sat, waiting for the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction.I started wondering why 1 refused to run the light I was not afraid of being caught, because there was clearly no policeman wound, and there certainly would have been no danger in going through it..Much later that night, the question of why I'd stopped for that light came back to me. I think Istopped because it's part of a contract(契约)we all have with each other. It's not only the law, but it is an agreement we have, and we trust each other to honor it: we don't go through red lights.Trust is our first inclination(倾向).Doubting others does not seem to be natural to us. The whole construction of our society depends on mutual(相互)trust, not distrust We do what we say we'll do; we show up when we say we'll show up; and we pay when we say we'll pay. We trust each other in these matters, and we're angry or disappointed with the person or organization that breaks the trust we have in them.I was so proud of myself for stopping for the red light that night.65. The event made the author strongly believe that .A. traffic rules may be unnecessaryB. doubting others is human natureC. patience is important to driversD. a society needs mutual trust[] D 根据短文第5段，不难判断作者相信一个社会需要互相信任。

3.2阅读理解记叙文-2020年高考英语专题训练系列(一)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A young woman went to her grandmother and told her about her life and how things were so hard for her. She didn’t know how she was going to make it and wanted to give up. She was tired of fighting and struggling. It seemed as one problem was solved, a new one would pop up.Her grandmother took her to the kitchen. She filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire, and soon the pots came to boil. In the first pot she placed carrots, in the second she placed eggs, and in the last she placed ground coffee beans.She let them boil, without saying a word. In about 20 minutes she turned off the burners. She fished the carrots out and placed them in a bowl. She pulled the eggs out and placed them in a bowl. Then she spooned up the coffee and placed it in a bowl.Turning to her granddaughter, she asked, “Tell me what you see.” “Carrots, eggs and coffee,” she replied. Her grandmother brought her closer and asked her to feel the carrots. She did and noted that they were soft. The grandmother then asked the granddaughter to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard boiled egg. Finally, the grandmother asked the granddaughter to sip the coffee. The granddaughter smiled as she tasted its rich smell then asked, “What does it mean, grandmother?”Her grandmother explained that each of these objects had faced the same adversity: boiling water. Each reacted differently. The carrot went in strong, hard, and persevering. However, after being subjected to the boiling water, it softened and became weak. The egg had been fragile. Its thin outer shell had protected its liquid interior, but after sitting through the boiling water, its inside became hardened. The ground coffee beans were unique, however. After they were in the boiling water, they had changed the water.“Which are you?” she asked her granddaughter.1. What was wrong with the young woman?A. She is poor in cook.B. She found life too difficult for her.C. She could not solve a problem.D. She had a fight with her husband.2. What can we infer from the passage?A. The granddaughter loved the coffee most.B. The grandmother asked her granddaughter to take an egg.C. The granddaughter chose to be someone like the coffee beans.D. One is the man who decides what kind of person he will be.3. The underlined word “adversity” in Paragraph 5 most probably means .A. situationB. misfortuneC. adventureD. advantage4. What is the best title of the passage?A. Life Is HardB. Change the WorldC. Carrots, Eggs, or Coffee BeansD. To Be Yourself助读词汇pot n.锅burner n. 炉子sip vt. 啜；小口喝react vi. 反应persevering adj. 不屈不挠的fragile adj.易碎的interior n.内部；本质unique adj.独特的pop up 不然出现ground coffee beans 新磨的咖啡豆fish sth. out 捞出spoon up舀起pull off the shell 剥去外壳be subjected to 遭受；经受(二)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

1、While visiting the North Pole in winter may not be at the top of your list, the ever-changing ICEHOTEL, which opened its doors to visitors on December 14 this year, may change your mind. Lying 200 km north of the Arctic Circle in Jukkasj?rvi, the hotel, which is carved entirely from ice, is rebuilt annually, with each getting increasingly beautiful and impressive.The 29-year-old tradition began accidentally in 1989, after Jukkasj?rvi residents organized anremote villageart show in a 5.5-square-meter ice house to try to call tourists’ attention to theduring the freezing winter months. The exhibition was a huge success, attracting many day visitors. However, it was not until a group of adventurous souls arrived with sleeping bags, announcingtheir intention to spend the night inside the house, that the idea of the frozen hotel was born.The ICEHOTEL has come a long way since its beginnings. It covers an area of over 5,500 square meters. The planning begins months earlier in March when about 5,000 tons of ice are harvested from the river and transferred to cold storage, where they sit till the beginning of winter. Construction begins in earnest in November, when about 100 workers come to the region. By December, the unique frozen accommodation is ready to open for business.Regardless of whether visitors select the luxury carved suites or the basic ice rooms, the temperature is always set to a bone-chilling -5°C! That is why guests are advised to lie closeinside warm sleeping bags and wear gloves and winter hats all night. Not surprisingly, most endup spending just a single night at this unique hotel before moving on to the conventional, and warmer, cabins nearby.In addition to the unique rooms, the hotel also offers guests fun activities like snowshoeing, or dog sledding, and for those brave enough to suffer through the below freezing temperatures —overnight wilderness camping! The hotel’s single restaurant serves food, while the drinks are always chilled to perfection in the world-famous ICEBAR!1.Why did Jukkasj?rvi residents organize an art show in 1989?A.To attract tourists.B.To follow a tradition.C.To excite adventurers.D.To experience cold.2.How to deal with tons of ice harvested from the river in March?A.Carve them roughly.B.Keep them with cold storage.C.Design unique forms.D.Construct them slowly.3.Which of the following characteristics is necessary for those going camping all night?A.Wealth.B.Good health.C.Near distance.D.Braveness.4.What’s the best title for the passage?A.ICEHOTEL, a Wise ChoiceB.ICEHOTEL Is in the Arctic CircleC.ICEHOTEL Has a Unique SceneryD.ICEHOTEL Opens for the 29th Year2、Plants cannot run or hide, so they need other strategies to avoid being eaten. Some curl up their leaves, others produce chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them, chewing them up or laying eggs on them—all signals of an attack. New research now shows some flora can feel a plant-eating animal well before it launches an attack, letting a plant prepare a preemptive (发制人的) defense that even works against other pest species.When ecologist John Orrock of the University of Wisconsin-Madison sprayed snail slime—a liquid the animals release as they slide along—onto soil, nearby tomato plants appeared to notice. They increased their levels of an enzyme (酶), which is known to prevent plant-eating animals. "None of the plants were ever actually attacked," Orrock says. "We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry."Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails; in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warning's impact on another potential threat. The investigators found that hungry caterpillars (毛虫), which usually eat tomato leaves greedily, had no appetite for themafter the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated their chemical resistance. This nonspecific defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival, says Orrock, who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia.The finding that a snail's approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious, a plant communications expert, who was not involved in the study. "It is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues arehaving such far-ranging effects," Karban says. The research was comprehensive, he adds, but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them."That's the million-dollar question," Orrock says. He hopes future research will make out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues.(1).John Orrock sprayed a liquid onto soil near tomato plants to _______.A.make them grow betterB.give them a warningC.keep plant-eating animals awayrm plant-eating animals of danger(2).Why is the example of "caterpillars" mentioned in Paragraph 3?A.To introduce another animal.B.To confirm the result of the study.C.To appeal to people to protect animals.D.To analyze different resistance chemicals.(3).What does Richard Karban really want to know?A.How tomato plants become aware of danger.B.What the chemicals in the snail slime are.C.Whether the research is of practical value.D.What the finding of the research is.(4).What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Watchful PlantsB.Greedy AnimalsC.A Snail's ApproachD.A Defense Attack3、People asked to imagine how flooding or droughts would affect particular people or places were more likely to engage in environmentally friendly actions. Many people view climate change as a distant threat. But having them imagine the tangible (有形的) consequences of resulting droughts or floods may help change this idea and encourage pro-environmental behavior, a new study suggests.Researchers asked 93 college students to read a report on temperature anomalies (异常),floods and other climate change-related events that have affected the island. The scientists then asked 62 of the participants to write down three ways in which such phenomena might impacttheir future lives. Half the people in that group were instructed to imagine such situations in detail. The remaining 31 students did not complete either the writing or imagining steps, acting as a control group.All the participants then rated their ideas of climate change risks by responding to questions such as "How likely do you think it is that climate change is having serious impacts on the world?" They used a scale from 1 ("very unlikely") to 7 ("very likely"). The average score was higher among subjects who had been asked to envision detailed situations than among those who had not. The results were later confirmed in a second experiment involving 102 participants.Participants in the first experiment who had imagined the effects of climate change were more likely to say they would use air conditioning in an energy-saving manner. In the second experiment, nearly two thirds of people in the visualizing (想象) group signed up to help clean a beach, compared with 43 percent in the nonvisualizing one. And when offered a choice of a vegetarian (素食主义的) or nonvegetarian lunch box, nearly half the visualizers selected the environmentally friendlier meatless choice-compared with about 28 percent of the nonvisualizers.The researchers did not track people to see if they behaved differently in their day-to-day lives-something further studies should examine, says study co-author Wen-Bin Chiou. Moreover, the research "should be done again in other places with other populations," says Robert Gifford, a professor of psychology at the University of Victoria in British Columbia, who was not involvedin the work.The findings could be applied to raise public concern about climate change, Chiou says. For example, he suggests that news reports about the phenomenon could include vivid descriptions of its effects on people's lives and ask readers to imagine experiencing such impacts. Havingvirtual-reality demonstrations (展示) in local science museums of the consequences of climate change would be another way of putting the research into practice, Chiou adds.1.Which of the following statements about the study is true?A.Only one experiment was carried out for the study.B.Professor Robert Gifford played a key role in the study.C.The control group only completed the writing step in the experiment.D.Participants asked to imagine detailed effects scored higher than those who weren't.2.Future studies will probably be about whether ______.A.it is true of other populations in other placesB.more money will be donated to the people affected by climate change-related eventsC.people choose vegetarian lunch boxes in their daily livesD.climate change will cause people to think about joining in a control group3.To put the research into practice, Wen-Bin Chiou suggests that ______.A.the government call on people to live a low-carbon lifeB.people use air conditioning in an energy-saving mannerC.people experience possible effects of climate change through virtual reality facilitiesD.news reports provide vivid descriptions of the effects of climate change on people's lives4.The passage mainly tells us that ______.A.different people may have different reactions to climate changeB.different forms of climate change may affect people's ideas in different waysC.people may change their behavior after thinking about the vivid impacts of climate changeD.college students show great concern for the people affected by climate change4、Brain health is key to successful ageing, and it involves several mental functions including memory, reasoning and planning. Memory defines who we are—without memory we have no past, cannot plan for the future and are unable to enjoy the present. Our reasoning and planning skills help us create and maintain healthy lifestyle habits that protect our bodies and minds.People are living much longer than ever before. Those born in 1900 would have been luckyto reach their 50th birthday. Today, life expectancy in many countries exceeds 80, but unfortunately age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and diabetes can diminish quality of life.As we age, brain cells that normally fight off infection and repair tissue begin to attackhealthy brain cells. This causes inflammation (炎症) and can lead to cognitive deficits and disease. But adopting healthy lifestyle habits, such as eating fish, getting a good night's sleep and doing physical exercise, can slow and even reverse the process.The typical 45-year-old has worse memory than the 25-year-old y and our brains willcontinue to decline if we do nothing to protect them. However, if we intervene (干预) early, we can slow the decline. It's always easier to protect a healthy brain than to try to repair damage once it is extensive.Although there is a genetic component to healthy ageing, lifestyle habits may be more critical than genes. The landmark MacArthur Studies of Successful Ageing showed that, on average,non-genetic factors are more important than genetics in determining how well and long we live, suggesting that we have more control than we realize over remaining healthy as we get older.(1).What does the underlined word "ageing" mean in the first paragraph?A.The process of getting old.B.Mental functions.C.Life expectancy.D.Healthy lifestyle.(2).What can we do to slow the decline of our brains?A.Enjoying the present.B.Staying in a good mood.C.Working as long as possible.D.Adopting healthy lifestyle habits.(3).What does MacArthur Studies of Successful Ageing suggest?A.Age-related diseases affect our quality of life.B.Genetic factors determine how well we live.C.We can do something to live better and longer.D.Sometimes we don9t know how to keep healthy.(4).What is the main idea of the text?A.Daily habits determine your longevity.B.You should protect your brains early.C.Good health results from right food.D.Body exercise also benefits mental health.5、What are dreams for? A handful of theories have the most influence. Sigmund Freud famously claimed that they reveal hidden truths and wishes. Despite being largely unsupported by evidence, researchers found that students in the U. S., Korea, and India were much more likely to accept the view. In the same study, respondents said that dreaming about a plane crash would cause them more anxiety than an official warning about a terrorist attack. More recent research suggests that they may help us process intense emotions, or perhaps sort through and strengthen memories, or rehearse responses to threatening situations.Even if dreams can't foretell the future, they seem to expose our shared fascinations. Themajority of dreams occur during REM sleep cycles, of which the average person has four or five a night. A study of Canadian university students found the most common dream topics to be school, falling, being chased, and arriving too late for something.For all the commonalities dreams exhibit, they vary across time—people who grew up watching black-and-white TV are more likely to dream in black and white—and culture. A 1958 study determined that compared with Japanese people, Americans dreamed more about being looked up, losing a loved one, finding money. Japanese people were more likely to dream about school, trying repeatedly to do something, being paralyzed with fear, or "wild, violent beasts."If human dreams sound boring, bear in mind that even negative ones can have positive effects. In a study of students taking a French medical-school entrance exam, 60 percent of the dreams they had beforehand involved a problem with the exam, such as being late or leaving an answer blank. But those who reported dreams about the exam, even bad ones, did better on it than those who didn't.(1).What do you know about Freud's view on dreaming?A.It will cause people more anxiety.B.It's already been proved by evidence.C.It's popular with some American and Asian students.D.It can reveal the hidden truth and predict the future.(2).According to recent research, dreams may _______.A.make emotions intenseB.help prepare for special situationsC.reduce our memoriesD.help us take notes(3).According to paragraphs 2 and 3, which of the following is true?A.The average person has four or five REM sleep cycles a night.B.Canadian students aren't worried about being late for school.C.Americans usually share the same dream topics with Japanese.D.Films about wild beasts may be widely shown in America in 1958.(4).If you dream that you failed the exam, _______.A.your dream will come trueB.you'll be depressed with fearC.you are supposed to take it seriouslyD.it shows that you care a lot about the exam6、You know eating fruit and vegetables does good. But do you know it can also make you look good? People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found. Scientists at St Andrews University found eating them slightly increased yellow and red pigments in the volunteers' skin. They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks. Increasing their intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day was found to make the person look more healthy and an extra 3.3 portions could enhance their attractiveness, when their photographs were rated by others.Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids(类胡萝卜素),which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age-related diseases including heart disease and cancer. But while it was known eating extreme amounts of certain vegetables such as carrots could turn skin orange, it was not known a small increase was perceptible(被觉察)to others-and was seen as appealing.A camera measured changes to the skin's redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident in three weeks. Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin. There are hundreds of carotenoids butthose thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene(番茄红素)-which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red colour-and beta-carotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach. Skin colour is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols(多元酚),found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.1.What do we know from the research? ______A.If you take in a little more fruit and vegetables, you will obviously look more attractive in three weeks.B.People who increased their intake of greens by 3.3 portions a day were found the most attractive after six weeks.C.Increasing your intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day can greatly improve your health.D.The researchers took the pictures of the 35 people in the research at different stages.2.Which of the following is NOT the function of carotenoids? ______A.They can protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays.B.They can prevent heart disease and cancer.C.They can keep you in good health.D.They can prevent age-related diseases.3.Which of the statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage? ______A.We've already known eating extreme amounts of carrots can turn skin orange.B.We knew in the past that eating a few more carrots could make us look appealing.C.The research showed the improvement in skin is linked with the levels of carotenoids in it.D.Among hundreds of carotenoids, lycopene is thought to have the most dramatic effect4.Which can be the best title of the passage? ______A.Eating fruit and vegetables does good.B.Eating fruit and vegetables makes you look good.C.How to become attractive?D.Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids.7、It probably won’t surprise you that teens are texting more than ever before. Experts showgreat concern for teen texting. Students might not learn correct grammar and spelling if they writea lot of text messages. Also all that texting takes away from hours that could be spent studying,exercising, pursuing hobbies, or talking with others face to face. Some kids even sleep with theirphones beneath their pillows and wake up several times during the night to text.Dr. Elizabeth Dowdell points out teens need to learn that they can—and should—turn offtheir phones sometimes. She and her team had two teenagers, Kenny and Franchesca, carry out anexperiment. They should obey the rules: No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either,unless it was for schoolwork. Would these two teenagers be able to do it?“ I think I’m going to feel really alone,” Kenny worried. Franchesca was nervous but brave. “I’m excited for the challenge,” she said. “I don’t know what’s going to happen.” T their phones to their mothers for safekeeping. The challenge was on.The team caught up with Kenny and Franchesca after 48 phone-free hours. “Wow, it waspure suffering,” Kenny joked. “Though life with no phone wasn’t easy,” he admitted, “benefits. I felt less stressed because I didn’t have to be involved.” Sure, Kenny missed his f and he was sad at times. But he also felt relief from the constant texting. Instead of texting, Kennywent to the gym and caught up on schoolwork. He said that the first night he slept for 10 hours. Healso spent time sitting with his family and talking. “I felt closer to my parents,” said Kenny.Franchesca had an even happier result when she put away her phone. “I loved it!” she “I was going to the gym and hanging out with friends and playing basketball. I had a wonderfulexperience.” She slept better too, and she decided to continue the experiment for a while.I’ll be so much smarter and healthier,” she explained. “Everybody in the world should try it.Kenny doesn’t plan to give up his phone again. But he now knows that he can live without it.“It was a reality check,” said the teen.1.Experts are concerned about teens’ texting because it ______.A.leads to learning disabilitiesB.takes up their learning timeC.develops the habit of staying up lateD.causes misunderstandings with each other2.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Teens will live a healthier life without phones.B.Expecting teens to live without phones is not realistic.C.Experimenting with phone use is popular among teens.D.Teens don’t realize how different t heir lives are without phones.he 48-hour challenge different?3.How were the two teens’ reactions to tA.Only Kenny participated in physical activities.B.Only Kenny spent time talking with his parents.C.Only Franchesca benefited from a really good sleep.D.Only Franchesca appreciated the freedom of having no phone.4.Which is the best title for the passage?A.Giving up TextingB.Rules for Using PhonesC.Two Days with No PhoneD.Problems Caused by Texting8、Fire ants tunnels got dug efficiently by only a small percentage of the group doing most ofthe work. Freeloaders, they just sit around while their hard-working colleagues get things done.But might freeloaders actually be necessary for society to function efficiently? The answer couldbe yes—at least when it comes to fire ants and their efforts to dig nests underground.Fire ants are highly social organisms. So, Goldman and his colleagues wanted to know how individual ants knew what to do without a central leader issuing orders. To find out, Goldman'steam labeled individual fire ants with paint and then watched them dig their tunnels—only wide enough for two workers. It turned out that just-30 percent of the ants did 70 percent of the labor. "I was surprised that we ended up with so few workers actually doing the work at any one time."A quarter of the ants never even entered the tunnel. Others went inside, but left without digging out a single grain of dirt. These behaviors ensured the tunnels did not get clogged with insect traffic, which would make the construction process stop.And when the scientists removed the five hardest-working ants from the tunnel, others immediately jumped in to compensate (补偿)—with no reduction in the group's productivity. It seems that it doesn't matter which ants are working or freeloading at a given time, as long as there is some division of labor to keep the tunnels flowing smoothly. The findings are in the journal Science,The study could provide suggestions for the robotics. Imagine groups of robots sent to search for survivors from the ruins, or nanobots (微型机器人) coursing through our bodies to diagnose illness and deliver targeted medical treatment. Such robots will need to avoid getting jammed upin tight spaces. It might be necessary to program them so some just sit back and watch their colleagues work.(1).How do fire ants get the work done when digging tunnels?A.They all work under the order of their leaders.B.Only the strong ants do the majority of the work.C.They all cooperate together and spare no effort to do the work.D.Some work efficiently while others just sit around and do nothing.(2).What does the underlined word "clogged" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Covered.B.Crowded.C.Destroyed.D.Spotted.(3).When the hardest-working ants were taken away by the scientists, ________.A.the rest of them didn't know what to doB.the leaders had to do the work by themselvesC.other ants took their place and continued to do the workD.other ants were in panic and escaped from the tunnel immediately(4).According to the passage, the research findings can be applied to ________.A.robot technologyB.social communicationC.underground constructionD.scientific observations9、When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. "Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society," said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. "And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them."Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31-health scores with theirand 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mentalboyhood-activity scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-timejobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social andeconomic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working----at any age----is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence---the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, "One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work."1.What do we know about John?A.He enjoyed his career and marriage.B.He had few childhood playmates.C.He received little love from his family.D.He was envied by others in his childhood.2.Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _____.A.a description of personal values and social valuesB.an analysis of how work was related to competenceC.an example for parents' expectations of their childrenD.an explanation why some boys grew into happy men3.Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by _____.A.recording the boys' effort in schoolB.evaluating the men's mental healthparing different sets of scoresD.measuring the men's problem solving ability4.What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?A.Quick to reactB.Having a thin edgeC.Clear and definiteD.sudden and rapid5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?petent adults know more about love than work.B.Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C.Love brings more joy to people than work does.D.Independence is the key to one's success.10、Intelligence makes for better leaders —from undergraduates(大学生) to managers to presidents — according to multiple studies. It certainly makes sense that handling a market shift or anything alike require intelligence. But new research on leadership suggests that, at a certain point, having a higher IQ stops helping and starts hurting.Although previous research has shown that groups with smarter leaders perform better by objective measures, some studies have suggested that followers might subjectively view leaders with extremely high intellect as less effective. Decades ago, Dean Simonton, a psychologist from。

随堂训练1In Britain and other countries, young people sometimes take a“gap year”, a year off between high school and college. This idea never gained a big following in America. Recent news reports have suggested that interest may be growing, though there are no official numbers.Charles Deacon, Dean of Admissions at Georgetown University in Washington, D. C. estimates that in the current first-year class of 1, 600 students, only about 25 decided to take a year off. He says this number has not changed much over the years.Mr Deacon says the most common reason for taking a “gap year” is to have a chance to travel, but he says international students may take a“gap year”to meet requirements at home for military duty.Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education, but it can also give students a chance to explore their interests. Students hoping to be doctors, for example, could learn about the profession by volunteering in a hospital.Many colleges and universities support gap-year projects by permitting students to delay their admission. Experts say students can grow emotionally and intellectually as they work at something they enjoy.The Harvard admissions office has an essay on its website called “Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation. ”It praises the idea oftaking time off to step back, think and enjoy gaining life experience outside the pressure of studies. It also notes that students are sometimes admitted to Harvard or other colleges partly because they did something unusual with that time.Of course, a“gap year”is not for everyone; students might miss their friends who go on directly to college. And parents might worry that their children will decide not to go to college once they take time off. Another concern is money. A year off, away from home, can be costly.Holly Bull’s job is to specialize in helping students plan their“gap year”. She notes that several books have been written about this subject. She says these books along with media attention and the availability of information on the Internet have increased interest in the idea of a year off, and she points out that many gap-year programs cost far less than a year of college.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了英国的高中毕业生应该如何度过高中和大学之间的“gap year”, 这种做法也开始在美国流行。

高考英语二轮复习专题阅读理解精选1So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them・ It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that "reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible^.Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable ,what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest （探索）for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. "Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children."When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.26.The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that.A.it is one of the most difficult school coursesB.students spend endless hours in readingC.reading tasks are assigned with little guidanceD.too much time is spent in teaching about reading27.The teaching of reading will be successful if _______________ ・A.teachers can improve conditions at school for the studentsB.teachers can enable students to develop their own way of readingC.teachers can devise the most efficient system for readingD.teachers can make their teaching activities observable28.The underlined word “scrutiny” most probably means"_____________A.inquiryB. observationC. controlD. suspicion29.According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ______________•A.children become highly motivatedB.teacher and learner roles are interchangeableC.teaching helps children in the search for knowledgeD.reading enriches children's experience30.The main idea of the passage is that ______________ .A.teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to readB.teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possibleC.reading ability is something acquired rather than taughtD.reading is more complicated that generally believed【答案与解析】26—30 DBBAC木文是一篇议论文，在对传统的阅读教学方式进行批判的同时，论述了作者自己阅读的教学观：阅读的教与学是两个完全不同的过程。

专题一阅读理解主题一人与自我A(2019河北保定二模)Summer Programs for TeensUniversity of Maryland: TERP Young ScholarsThis program is the perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests, explore career opportunities, and discover college life at the University of Maryland.During three weeks of intellectual exploration, teens can study with students who share similar interests, and communicate with some of the university's best teachers.Upon successful completion, students can earn three college credits.Carpe Diem: The University-bound AdventureCarpe Diem supports both American and international students in applying to a university by providing private consultation. This 2-week experience also includes tours of famous East Coast universities. Students will also have the opportunity to build their resumes(简历) by working with writing experts.Great Books Summer ProgramThis is a lively, warm and welcoming summer camp community of outstanding teens, who love literature and ideas. In the past eleven years, it has gathered middle and high school students1 / 60from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience heated discussions and enjoy summer camp fun with other literary-minded students. Participants can gain confidence in their ability to read a text closely and express their ideas clearly both verbally andin writing.Zeal TravelWe offer our teens two-week and three-week long trips to Hawaii, Alaska, Australia and Spain. All trips include 15—25 hours of community service activities.Depending on your trip of choice, you'll be helping Hawaiians protect their forest ecosystem, caring for dogs in Spain, working with Habitat for Humanity, and much more. Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like surfing, driving, ice-climbing, hiking and more. The possibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip for every interest.1.Which program offers students the opportunity to develop academic interests?A.Carpe Diem.B.Zeal Travel.C.University of Maryland.D.Great Books Summer Program.2.What can students do in Great Books Summer Program?A.Learn how to write stories.B.Attend a campus cultural event.C.Make friends with famous writers.D.Read and discuss the great works of literature.3.What is special about Zeal Travel?2 / 60A.It includes a lot of thrilling outdoor activities.B.It provides community service for students.C.It offers students exciting free trips.D.It will last 3 weeks.答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四项青少年暑期活动计划。

专题四阅读填句第1讲日常交际类(2015·衢州二模)A. Help you reach fitness goalsB. Encourage more exerciseC. Give a sense of safetyD. Help with stress reliefE. Create social interaction with othersF. Help with better mental healthHumans and dogs have been working together for thousands of years, and some scientists even believe the two species have been living with one another for thousands of years. While having a dog will not improve your health if you never wanted a dog in the first place, dog lov ers can benefit from living with them.1. ________Most of us know the benefits of exercise, but it can be a struggle to find the motivation to get up and get moving everyday. A dog provides strong motivations, and can make your daily walk or run less lonely and more fun. Moreover, you’ll burn extra calories when helping your dog walk and doing brief training exercises with your dog. For some people, going for walks alone is scary, but a dog can make runs and walks more secure. I know that with Ranger. I have to walk him every day, and he’s always ready each morning. Sometimes we even have an afternoon or early evening walk, which is better for my health.2. ________There’s no doubt that dog ownership does come with some stresses, from making sure you’ve applied their weekly bath to worrying if your dog will get along with the other dogs at the dog park. But the benefits of pet ownership more than outweigh these small stresses. Research shows that a few minutes spent petting an animal lowers blood levels of the stress hormone, which contributes to tiredness, weight gain and aging, and your pet can help kill its negative effects.A few minutes playing with your dog every day also releases powerful “feel-good”hormones that continue to function in the bloodstream.3. ________Many people living alone worry about thieves, and a dog can help give owners a sense of security.Thieves are less likely to break into a house with a barking dog, and your dog can help you feel less lonely whether you’re just spending the night by y ourself or living alone long-term. If your dog is older and struggl es to move around, you can still rest easy knowing that your dog will get to a robber before you do.4. ________People who have regular positive interactions with others tend to live longer and be happier, and pets provide you with a valuable opportunity to meet and interact with other people. Even if you’re shy, it’s easy to strike up a conversation with another person if you’re both talking about your animals. Visits to the dog park and meet-ups with other pet owners also provide pet owners with opportunities for interactions. If you’re still anxious about meeting new people, consider joining a message board or online group for people with similar pets to yours. You’ll quickly find yourself making new friends in addition to learning a lot about your be st friend—your pet!5. ________In a fast-paced, high-stress world, depression and anxiety are at an all-time high. But pet owners have fewer mental illnesses, and animals are even used as treatment for people suffering from mental illness. If you struggle with depression, an animal can help you avoid such problems. The exercise and stress release you get from spending time with your pet may even reduce the effects of depression. Dog owner s are also less stressed than people who don’t own dogs, and reduced stress is strongly related with lower blood pressure, a longer life span, greater happiness and improved health.【文章大意】人与动物共处了数千年, 实验表明宠物能帮助主人很多, 比如多锻炼、减压、增加安全感、增加人际交往、减少心理疾病等。

姓名，年级：时间：题型训练阅读理解(二）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.ADay 1 ArrivalUpon arrival in Kunming, your Kunming tour guide will wait for you at the airport and help you to transfer to the hotel。

Day 2 KunmingDay 3 Kunming →Dali （by air）21. What might the tourists be doing at 11：00 on the second day？A。

Preparing for lunch。

B. Relaxing in the hotel。

C。

Going to the Stone Forest。

D. Visiting the Flower and Bird Market。

22. What are the tourists recommended to do for evening activities in Kunming?A。

To watch Dynamic Yunnan. B. To enjoy the local food.C. To buy handmade crafts.D. To wander about in the city。

23。

Why are tourists recommended to hike to the top while visiting Dali？A. Because it takes little effort to hike to the top.B。

Because they can get full view of the old town.C. Because it is the only site to enjoy the scenery.D. Because they can take pictures of the three pagodas.BWhen I was about 5 years old， I experienced my very first random act of kindness. I was sitting at the roadside one evening, crying alone for some reason when suddenly, a boy came up to me and gave me a plastic rose， I remember the moment when I took the rose from his hand; I was smiling from ear to ear, whispering “I want to be like him” to myself as I watched him walking away.From then on， I made it as my life mission to do random acts of kindness whenever I can. I was very determined to make other people smile. That was the only reason why I joined my school’s Red Crescent Society and became a volunteer。