abbreviation缩写
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常见英语缩写和翻译大全在日常生活中,我们经常会遇到各种各样的英语缩写,这些缩写常常来源于英语单词的首字母,或者是特定领域内的专用缩写。
对于初学者来说,了解这些常见英语缩写及其对应的翻译是十分重要的。
本文将为大家介绍一些常见的英语缩写及其翻译,希望能帮助大家更好地理解和运用英语。
1. 单词缩写在英语中,许多单词会被缩写成简短形式,以便更方便地表达和使用。
以下是一些常见的单词缩写及其翻译:•abbr.(abbreviation):缩写,简称•adj.(adjective):形容词•adv.(adverb):副词•apt.(apartment):公寓•ave.(avenue):大街•dept.(department):部门•dr.(doctor):医生•eng.(engineer):工程师•govt.(government):政府•inc.(incorporated):合股公司•mgr.(manager):经理•prof.(professor):教授•temp.(temporary):临时的2. 专业领域缩写除了普通单词的缩写外,不同专业领域内还存在大量特定的缩写词汇。
以下是一些常见专业领域的缩写及其翻译:2.1 医学领域•MD(Medical Doctor):医学博士•RN(Registered Nurse):注册护士•ICU(Intensive Care Unit):重症监护室•MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging):磁共振成像•NPO(Nil Per Os):禁食2.2 计算机领域•HTML(Hypertext Markup Language):超文本标记语言•URL(Uniform Resource Locator):统一资源定位符•LAN(Local Area Network):局域网•WIFI(Wireless Fidelity):无线网络2.3 商业领域•CEO(Chief Executive Officer):首席执行官•CFO(Chief Financial Officer):首席财务官•ROI(Return on Investment):投资回报率•KPI(Key Performance Indicator):关键绩效指标3. 常见短语缩写除了单词和专业领域的缩写外,人们在日常交流中还常常使用一些短语缩写,以下是一些常见的短语缩写及其翻译:•ASAP(As Soon As Possible):尽快•DIY(Do It Yourself):自己动手•FAQ(Frequently Asked Questions):常见问题解答•TGIF(Thank God It’s Friday):感谢上帝,周五到了•FYI(For Your Information):供参考•LOL(Laugh Out Loud):大笑总结通过了解和掌握常见的英语缩写及其翻译,我们可以更加流利地运用英语,并在各种情境下正确理解和使用这些缩写。
14 化学常用缩写词(Abbreviation)Aa = active;activity 活性;活度a = atto- 渺;阿(托);微微微[10-18)A = absorbance 吸光度A = ampere 安培(电)AA = aminoacid analyzer 氨基酸分析器AA = atomic absorption 原子吸收(法)AAD = atomic absorption detector 原子吸收检测器AAS = atomic absorption spectrometry 原子吸收光谱法A.A.S.= alkyl aryl sulphonate 磺酸烷基芳基酯ABCD = automatic basellne drift correction 自动基线漂移校正abnml = abnormal 反常的;异常的abr.= abridged;abridg(e)ment 节略的;摘要ahs.= absolute 绝对的ahs.= absorption 吸收ahs.E = absolute error 绝对误差ABS = acrylonitrile-butadlene-styrene ABS树脂;丙烯睛-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物ABS = alkylbenzene sulfonate 烷基苯磺酸盐abs.visc = absolute viscosity 绝对粘度ac.= acid 酸ac.= active;activity 活性;活度ac.a.;AC.A.= acetic acid 乙酸a.c.;A.C.= alternating current 交流(电)A.Ch.S.= American Chemical Society 美国化学学会ACI = allowable concentration Index 容许浓度指数acid.= acidification;acidified;acidify 酸化;酸化丁的ACS;A.C.S.= American Chemical Society 美国化学学会act.= active ;activity 活性;活度act.std = actual standard 现行标准activ.= activated 活性的AD = automatic detection 自动检测ADC = ascending-descending chromatographv 升降色谱(法)addl;addnl = additional 附加的addn-(l)= addition(al)加入;加合;加成;附加的ADI = acceptable daily intake 日容许摄入量adj.= adjustment 校准;调节ADP = adenosine diphosphate 腺苷二磷酸ADP = ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢铵ADP = automatic data processing 自动数据处理AE cellulose = aminoethyl cellulose 氨乙基纤维素AER = anion exchange resin 阴离子交换树脂AES = atomic emission spectrometry 原子发射光谱法AES-LEED = Auger electronic spectroscopy-low energy electron diffraction method 俄歇电子能谱低能电子衍射法AFC = automatic frequency control 自动频率控制AFD = alkali flame detector 碱火焰检测器AFID = alkali flame ionization detector 碱火焰电离检测器AFS = atomic fluorescence spectrometry 原子荧光光谱法AFT = automatic fine tuning 自动微调AGC = adsorption gas chromatography 吸附气相色谱(法)A.1.C.= American Institute of Chemists 美国化学师学会A.1.Ch.E.= American Institute of Chemical Engineers 美国化学工程师学会AID = argon ionization detector 氩电离检测器alc.= alcohol;alcoholic 醇;酒精;酒精的ALC = analyticl liquld chromatograph 分析(用)液相色谱仪ALC ;ale = ethyl alcohol 乙醇;酒精ald = aldehyde 乙醛alk = alkali;alkaline 碱;碱性alk = alkyl 烷基alky = alkalinity 碱性AMFID = alkali metal flame ionization detector 碱金属火焰电离检测器ammon.= ammoniacal 氨的amor.= amorphous 无定形amp;amps = ampere(s)安培Amp.= amplifier 放大器AMP = adenosione monophosphate;adenylic acid 腺苷一磷酸;腺苷酸AMS = accelerator mass-spectrometry 加速器质谱法Am.Std.= American Standards 美国标准AMU = atomic mass unit 原子质量单位anal.= Analogy;analogous 同属;类似;类似的anal.= analysis;analytical 分析;分析的Anal.Chem.= analytical chemistry 分析化学anh;anhyd = anhydride 酐anh;anhyd = anhydrous 无水的ANOV A = analysis of variance 方差分析AP = air pressure 空气压力;气压AP = all-purpose 通用的A.P.= American Patent 美国专利APDC = Ammonium pyrrolidine dlthiocarbamate 吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵app.= apparatus 装置;设备;仪器APR = Annual Progress Report 年度进展报告[特种文献〕Aq.= Water;aqueous 水;含水的AQL = acceptable quality level 合格标准;正品标准aq.reg.= aqua regia 王水aq.sol.= aqueous solution 水溶液ar.= aromatic 芳族的;芳香的ar.;Ar.= aryl(radical)芳基AR = analrtical reagent 分析试剂AR = analytical reagent grade 分析试剂纯;分析纯AR = annual report 年度报告;年报ARC = automatic range control 自动量程控制AS = auger spectroscopy 俄歇(电子)能谱法ASA = American Standards Association 美国标准协会A.S.C = automatic sensitivity control 自动灵敏度控制asmt.= assortment 品种;品级;分级Assn.Assoc(n) = Association 协会;学会ASTM = American Socity for Testing and Materials 美国材料试验学会at.= atomic 原子的at.= atomospheric 大气的A.T.= ambient temperature 环境温度atm.= atmosphere (pressure);atmospheric 大气(压);大气的at.no.;At.No.= atomic number 原子序数ATPR = Annual Technical Progress Report 年度技术进展报告A.T.U.= absorptiometric turbidity unit 吸收比色浊度单位at.wt.= atomic weight 原子量A.U.= absorbance unit 吸光度单位Aufs.= absorbance unit full scale 满刻度吸光度单位AV = acid value 酸值;酸价ave.;avg.= average 平均BBaP = benzo[α]pyrene 苯并[α]芘bcgd;bkgd.= background 本底BDDA = N-benzyldidodecylamine N-苄基双十二烷基胺BDHA = N-benzyldihexylamine N-苄基二己基胺BDHP = butyldihexylphosphinate 二己基次磷酸丁酯BDMDC = bismuth dimethylthiocarbamate 二甲基硫代氨基甲酸铋BDNA = benzyldnonylamine 苄基二壬基胺BDOA = benzyldioctylamine 苄基二壬基胺BDOPO = benzyldioctylphosphine oxide N-苄基二辛基氧膦BEHA = benzylethylhexylamine N-苄基-2-乙基已基胺Belg.Pat.= Belgium Patent 比利时专利Bep = benzo[e]pyrene 苯并[e]芘BESA = British Engineering Standards Association 英国工程标准协会Bipy = 2,2’-bipyridyl 2,2’-联吡啶BL;bl.= base line 基线BMA = polybutylmethacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯BOD = biochemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量BOP = butyl octyl phthalate 邻苯-甲酸丁基辛酯bp;b.p.;B.P.= boiling point 沸点BPC = bonded-phase chromatography (化学)键合(固定)相色谱法BPC = British pharmacopoeia codex 英国副药典B.Ph = British Pharmacopoeia 英国药典Bq = becquerel 贝克勒尔[放射性活度单位,等于1s-11Bq=27.027pCi]br.= brand 商标:牌号B.R.;b.r.= boiling range 沸程Brit.Pat.= British Patent 英国专利Br-PADAP = 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol 2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)5-二乙氨基苯酚B.S.= British Standards 英国标准bu.alc.= butyl alcohol 丁醇bu.;BU = butyl 丁基bus.= bushel 蒲式耳[英制谷物容量单位,英=36.368L,美=35.238L]b.v.= by volume(%)按体积(%)b.w.= by weight(%)按重量(%)Bz = benzyl 苄基CCA = cellulose acetate 乙酸纤维素CA = Chemical Abstract 化学文摘cal.= calorie ;gram-calorie 卡calc.= Calculate(d) 计算(的)cal.val.= Calorific value 发热量;发热值CAMD = computer aided moleculardesign 计算机辅助分子设计Can.Pat.= Canadian Patent 加拿大专利cap.= capacity 容量;能力cap.= capillary 毛细管;毛细的cat.= catalyst ;catalytic;catalyzed 催化剂;催化的cat.= catalog(ue)目录;条目;总目CBPC = chemical honded phase chromatography 化学键合(固定)相色谱(法)CC = continuous current 直流(电)CCIX = continuous countercurrent ionexchange 连续逆流离子交换CCM = column chromatographic methd 柱色谱法CCS = Chinese Chemical Society 中国化学会CD = circular dichroism 圆二色性CD = coulometric detector 库仑检测器CDA = N-cyclohexyldodecylamine N-环己基十二烷基胺CDC = column development chromatography 柱展开色谱(法)CDTA = cyclohexane-diamine-tetraacetic acid 环己烷二胺四乙酸CEHA= N-cyclohexyl-2-ethylhexy-lamine N-环己基-2-乙基己基胺CER = cation exchange resin 阳离子交换树脂CETTA = N-(β-carboxyethyl)diethylene triaminetetraacetic acid N(β-羧乙基)二亚乙基三胺四乙酸c./f.= carried forwad 转入下页cf.= confer 比较;参看CF = concentration factor 浓集因数CFM = polychlorotrifluoroethylene 聚氯三氟乙烯cfs = cubic feet per second 英尺3/秒CG = chromatographic grade ①色谱级(的)②;色谱用(的)[如某些离子交换树脂商名后附CG字样,为色谱专用的]CGC = capillary gas chromatography 毛细管气相色谱(法)CGS = centimetre-gram-second 厘米.克.秒(单位)制CHA = cyclohexylamine acetate 乙酸环己胺oh.E.= chemical engineering 化学工程Chem.= chemisty;chemical 化学;化学的C.H.U.= caloric heat unit 卡热单位Ci = curie 居里[放射性强度单位]CI = chemical ionization 化学电离CI = clearing index 净化指数CI = concentration Index 浓度指数CI = contamination index 污染指数CID = catalytic ionization detector 催化电离检测器CID = cheml-ionization detector 化学电离检测器cit.= citation 引证;引证文cit.= cited 引用的;引证的Cit = citrate 柠檬酸盐Clin = clinical(ly)临床的CMC = carboxymethyl cellulose 羧甲基纤维素CMC = critical micelle concentration 临界胶束浓度CMDMS = chloromethyl -dimethylsilane 氯甲基二甲基硅烷CMR = carbon magnetic resonance 碳核磁共振13 CMR = carbon-13 magnetic resonance 碳-13(核)磁共振CN = cellulose nitrate 硝酸纤维素CNAA = continuous neutron activation analysis 连续中子活化分析CoA = coenzyme A 辅酶ACOA = N-cyclohexyloctylamine N-环已基辛基胺COC = chemical oxygen consumption 化学耗氧量COD = chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量col.= column 柱coll.= colloidal 胶体的Coll.Ch.= colloid chemistry 胶体化学Co.Ltd.= company limited 有限公司comb.= combine 混合;结合;化合comp.= composition 组成;成分comp = compound ①胶料;②化合物conc.= conentrate;concentrated;concentration 浓缩;浓缩丁的;浓缩作用;浓度concn.= concentration = 浓度;浓缩cond.= co ndition 条件;情况cond.= conductivity 传导性;传导率cont.= content 含量cont.(s)= contain(s)含有;包含conv.(n)= conversion 转化;转变;换算co-op = co-operation 合作;协作cor.= corrected 校正的Corp.= corporation 公司;社团法人c.p.;CP = chemically pure 化学纯CPAA = charged particle activation analysis 带电粒子活化分析CPC = cetyl pyridinium chloride 氯化十六烷基吡啶CPE = chlorinated polyethylene 氯化聚乙烯cpm,c/m = counts per minute 每分钟计数CPU = central processing unit 中央处理机CPVC = chlorinated polyvinyl chloride 氯化聚氯乙烯cr.= crystalline 结晶的c.r.;C.R.= cathode ray 阴极射线crit.= Critical 临界的CRT = cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管Cry.= crystalline 结晶的crystn.= crystallization 结晶CT = computerized tomography 计算机化断层显像CTAB = cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide 溴化十六烷基三甲基铵CTAC = cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride 氯化十六烷基三甲基铵C TC;C.T.C.= carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳CTR = controlled thermonuclear reactor 受控热核反应堆;聚变堆C.T.U.= centigrade thermal unit 百分度热单位cur.= current 流;流行的;现在的C.V.= calorific value 卡值CVD = chemical vapor deposition 化学蒸气淀积;化学汽相淀积CyDTA = cyclohexane diaminetetraacetic acid 环己二胺四乙酸Dd;D = density 密度d- = dextro- 右旋的d;D = diameter 直径da = deca- 十[101]DAM ;DADPM = diamino-diphenyl-methane 二氨基二苯甲烷DAMD = dimethylaminomethyl dimethyl dithiocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸二甲胺甲酯Dan.Pat.= Danish Patent 丹麦专利DAP = di-alkyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二烷基酯DAPT = diamlnopropane-tetraacetic acid 丙二胺四乙酸dat.= Datum [单]数据;资料DBA = dibenzylamine 二苄基胺DBA = dibutylamine 二丁胺DBAE = dibutylamino-ethanol 丁基氨基乙醇DBAO = dibutylammonium oleate 油酸二丁基铵DBBP = dibutyl butylphosphonate 丁基磷酸二丁酯DBC = dibutylcarbitol 二丁基卡必醇DBC = dibutylcellosolve 二丁基溶纤剂DBDA = N,N-dibenzyldodecylamine 二苄基十二烷基胺dB/db = decibel 分贝[声强度单位]DBHA = dibenzylhexylamine 二苄基己基胺dbl.= double 双的;双重的DBMP = dibutylmethylphosphate 磷酸二丁基一甲基酯DBMP = dibutylmethylphosphonate 甲基磷酸二丁酯DBOA = dibenzyloctylamine 二苄基辛胺DBP = dibutylphosphate 磷酸二丁酯DBP = dibutyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯DBPP = dibutyl phenyl phosphonate 苯基磷酸二丁酯DBS = dodecyl benzene sulfonate 十二烷基苯磺酸盐d.c.= dispersing coefficient 分散系数d.c.;D.C.= direct current 直流(电)DC = diffusion constant 扩散常数DCB = 3,3’-dichlorobenzidine 3,3’-二氯联苯胺DCS = data collection srstem 数据收集系统DCTA = 1,2-diaminocyclohexane tetraacetic acid 环已二胺四乙酸DDB = dodecyl benzene 十二烷基苯DDC;DDCN = diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸二乙铵DDD = dimethylammonium dimehyldithiocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸二甲铵DDDC = diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸二乙基铵DDP = di-decyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二癸酯DDPA = dodecyl phosphoric acid 十二烷基磷酸;磷酸单十二烷基酯DDT = dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane 滴滴涕;双对氯苯基三氯乙烷DDTC = diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸盐DDVP = O,O-dimethyl-2,2-dichlorovinyl-phosphate 敌敌畏。
英语中词性的缩写【篇一:英语中词性的缩写】abbr,abbreviation(略)略语adj, adjjadjective(s)(形)形容词adv, advvadverb(s)(副)副词adv,partadverbial particle(副接)副词接语aux,auxiliary(助)助动词[c],countable noun(可数)可数名词conj,conjunction(连)连接def art,definite article(定冠)定冠词indef art,indefinite article(不定冠词)不定冠词inf,infinitive(不定词)不定词interj,interjection(感)感叹词n,noun(s) (名)名词neg,negative(ly)(否定)否定的(地)part adj,participial adjective(分形)分词形容词pers,person(人称)人称pers pron,personal pronoun(人称代)人称代名词pl,plural(复)复数(的)pp,past participle (过去分词)过去分词pref,prefix(字首)字首prep,preposition(al) (介词)介词,介系词,介词的pron,pronoun (代)代名词pt,past tense(过去)过去式sing,singular(单)单数(的)suff,suffix(字尾)字尾[u],uncountable noun(不可数)不可数名词v,verb(s) (动)动词[vp],verb pattern(动型)动词类型vi,verb intransitive(不及物动词)不及物动词vt,verb transitive (及物动词)及物动词【篇二:英语中词性的缩写】10.感叹词 interjection interj. oh 哦前六类叫实词,后四类叫虚词。
二、名词名词概论名词复数的规则变化名词的格在英语中有些名词可以加“‘s”来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher’s book。
英语文献检索常用词及其缩写(整理者:浙大宁波理工学院图书馆王建涛)英文全称缩写中文Abstracts Abstr 文摘Abbreviation 缩语和略语Acta 学报Advances 进展Annals Anna. 纪事Annual Annu. 年鉴,年度Semi-Annual 半年度Annual Review 年评Appendix Appx 附录Archives 文献集Association Assn 协会Author 作者Bibliography 书目,题录Biological Abstract BA 生物学文摘Bulletin 通报,公告Chemical Abstract CA 化学文摘Citation Cit 引文,题录Classification 分类,分类表College Coll. 学会,学院Compact Disc-Read Only Memory CD-ROM 只读光盘Company Co. 公司Content 目次Co-term 配合词,共同词Cross-references 相互参见Digest 辑要,文摘Directory 名录,指南Dissertations Diss. 学位论文Edition Ed. 版次Editor Ed. 编者、编辑Excerpta Medica EM 荷兰《医学文摘》Encyclopedia 百科全书The Engineering Index Ei 工程索引Et al 等等英文全称缩写中文European Patent ConvertionEPC 欧洲专利协定Federation 联合会Gazette 报,公报Guide 指南Handbook 手册Heading 标题词Illustration Illus. 插图Index 索引Cumulative Index 累积索引Index Medicus IM 医学索引Institute Inst. 学会、研究所International PatentClassification IPC 国际专利分类法International Standard BookNumber ISBN 国际标准书号International Standard SeriesNumber ISSN 国际标准刊号Journal J. 杂志、刊Issue 期(次)Keyword 关键词Letter Let. 通讯、读者来信List 目录、一览表Manual 手册Medical Literature Analysisand MADLARS 医学文献分析与检索系统Retrieval SystemMedical Subject HeadingsMeSH 医学主题词表Note 札记Papers 论文Patent Cooperation TreatyPCT 国际专利合作条约Precision Ratio 查准率Press 出版社英文全称缩写中文Procceedings Proc. 会报、会议录Progress 进展Publication Publ. 出版物Recall Ratio 查全率Record 记录、记事Report 报告、报导Review 评论、综述Sciences Abstracts SA 科学文摘Section Sec. 部分、辑、分册See also 参见Selective Dissemination ofInformation SDI 定题服务Seminars 专家讨论会文集Series Ser. 丛书、辑Society 学会Source 来源、出处Subheadings 副主题词Stop term 禁用词Subject 主题Summary 提要Supplement Suppl. 附刊、增刊Survey 概览Symposium Symp. 专题学术讨论会Thesaurus 叙词表、词库Title 篇名、刊名、题目Topics 论题、主题Transactions 汇报、汇刊V olume Vol. 卷World Intellectual PropertyOrganization WIPO 世界知识产权World Patent Index WPI 世界专利索引Yearbook 年鉴(整理者:王建涛;来源:/xxjs/index.php/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%A3%80%E7%B4%A2%E5%B8 %B8%E7%94%A8%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87%E8%AF%8D%E5%8F%8A%E7%BC%A9%E5%86 %99%E8%8B%B1%E6%B1%89%E5%AF%B9%E7%85%A7)。
abbr. 的用法"abbr." 是"abbreviation" 的缩写,意为缩写或简称。
在英语中,"abbr." 可以用于表示缩写的含义,通常出现在字典、术语表、文档或表格中。
以下是一些"abbr." 可能出现的用法:1. 字典和术语表:字典或专业术语表中,"abbr." 可能用于标记缩写或简称的定义。
```Example: DNA (abbr.): Deoxyribonucleic Acid```2. 文档中的缩写识别:在文档中,特别是在科技、法律或专业领域的文章中,"abbr." 可以用于标记一个术语的缩写,以方便读者理解。
```Example: The World Health Organization (WHO) is an international organization (abbr.) that focuses on global health issues.```3. 表格和图表:在表格或图表中,"abbr." 可能用于标记缩写,提供全称或解释。
```| Abbreviation | Full Form ||--------------|-----------------------|| NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration (abbr.) |```4. 技术文档和规范:在技术文档或规范中,"abbr." 可能用于标记一系列缩写的定义,以确保文件的清晰度。
```Example: HTML (abbr.): HyperText Markup Language```总体而言,"abbr." 主要用于提供缩写或简称的全称或解释,以帮助读者更好地理解文本中的专业术语或缩写。
化学常用英文缩写词全解14 化学常用缩写词(Abbreviation)Aa = active;activity 活性;活度a = atto- 渺;阿(托);微微微[10-18)A = absorbance 吸光度A = ampere 安培(电)AA = aminoacid analyzer 氨基酸分析器AA = atomic absorption 原子吸收(法)AAD = atomic absorption detector 原子吸收检测器AAS = atomic absorption spectrometry 原子吸收光谱法A.A.S.= alkyl aryl sulphonate 磺酸烷基芳基酯ABCD = automatic basellne drift correction 自动基线漂移校正abnml = abnormal 反常的;异常的abr.= abridged;abridg(e)ment 节略的;摘要ahs.= absolute 绝对的ahs.= absorption 吸收ahs.E = absolute error 绝对误差ABS = acrylonitrile-butadlene-styrene ABS树脂;丙烯睛-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物ABS = alkylbenzene sulfonate 烷基苯磺酸盐abs.visc = absolute viscosity 绝对粘度ac.= acid 酸ac.= active;activity 活性;活度ac.a.;AC.A.= acetic acid 乙酸a.c.;A.C.= alternating current 交流(电)A.Ch.S.= American Chemical Society 美国化学学会ACI = allowable concentration Index 容许浓度指数acid.= acidification;acidified;acidify 酸化;酸化丁的ACS;A.C.S.= American Chemical Society 美国化学学会act.= active ;activity 活性;活度act.std = actual standard 现行标准activ.= activated 活性的AD = automatic detection 自动检测ADC = ascending-descending chromatographv 升降色谱(法)addl;addnl = additional 附加的addn-(l)= addition(al)加入;加合;加成;附加的ADI = acceptable daily intake 日容许摄入量adj.= adjustment 校准;调节ADP = adenosine diphosphate 腺苷二磷酸ADP = ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 磷酸二氢铵ADP = automatic data processing 自动数据处理AE cellulose = aminoethyl cellulose 氨乙基纤维素AER = anion exchange resin 阴离子交换树脂AES = atomic emission spectrometry 原子发射光谱法AES-LEED = Auger electronic spectroscopy-low energy electron diffraction method 俄歇电子能谱低能电子衍射法AFC = automatic frequency control 自动频率控制AFD = alkali flame detector 碱火焰检测器AFID = alkali flame ionization detector 碱火焰电离检测器AFS = atomic fluorescence spectrometry 原子荧光光谱法AFT = automatic fine tuning 自动微调AGC = adsorption gas chromatography 吸附气相色谱(法)A.1.C.= American Institute of Chemists 美国化学师学会A.1.Ch.E.= American Institute of Chemical Engineers 美国化学工程师学会AID = argon ionization detector 氩电离检测器alc.= alcohol;alcoholic 醇;酒精;酒精的ALC = analyticl liquld chromatograph 分析(用)液相色谱仪ALC ;ale = ethyl alcohol 乙醇;酒精ald = aldehyde 乙醛alk = alkali;alkaline 碱;碱性alk = alkyl 烷基alky = alkalinity 碱性AMFID = alkali metal flame ionization detector 碱金属火焰电离检测器ammon.= ammoniacal 氨的amor.= amorphous 无定形amp;amps = ampere(s)安培Amp.= amplifier 放大器AMP = adenosione monophosphate;adenylic acid 腺苷一磷酸;腺苷酸AMS = accelerator mass-spectrometry 加速器质谱法Am.Std.= American Standards 美国标准AMU = atomic mass unit 原子质量单位anal.= Analogy;analogous 同属;类似;类似的anal.= analysis;analytical 分析;分析的Anal.Chem.= analytical chemistry 分析化学anh;anhyd = anhydride 酐anh;anhyd = anhydrous 无水的ANOV A = analysis of variance 方差分析AP = air pressure 空气压力;气压AP = all-purpose 通用的A.P.= American Patent 美国专利APDC = Ammonium pyrrolidine dlthiocarbamate 吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵app.= apparatus 装置;设备;仪器APR = Annual Progress Report 年度进展报告[特种文献〕Aq.= Water;aqueous 水;含水的AQL = acceptable quality level 合格标准;正品标准aq.reg.= aqua regia 王水aq.sol.= aqueous solution 水溶液ar.= aromatic 芳族的;芳香的ar.;Ar.= aryl(radical)芳基AR = analrtical reagent 分析试剂AR = analytical reagent grade 分析试剂纯;分析纯AR = annual report 年度报告;年报ARC = automatic range control 自动量程控制AS = auger spectroscopy 俄歇(电子)能谱法ASA = American Standards Association 美国标准协会A.S.C = automatic sensitivity control 自动灵敏度控制asmt.= assortment 品种;品级;分级Assn.Assoc(n) = Association 协会;学会ASTM = American Socity for Testing and Materials 美国材料试验学会at.= atomic 原子的at.= atomospheric 大气的A.T.= ambient temperature 环境温度atm.= atmosphere (pressure);atmospheric 大气(压);大气的at.no.;At.No.= atomic number 原子序数ATPR = Annual Technical Progress Report 年度技术进展报告A.T.U.= absorptiometric turbidity unit 吸收比色浊度单位at.wt.= atomic weight 原子量A.U.= absorbance unit 吸光度单位Aufs.= absorbance unit full scale 满刻度吸光度单位AV = acid value 酸值;酸价ave.;avg.= average 平均BBaP = benzo[α]pyrene 苯并[α]芘bcgd;bkgd.= background 本底BDDA = N-benzyldidodecylamine N-苄基双十二烷基胺BDHA = N-benzyldihexylamine N-苄基二己基胺BDHP = butyldihexylphosphinate 二己基次磷酸丁酯BDMDC = bismuth dimethylthiocarbamate 二甲基硫代氨基甲酸铋BDNA = benzyldnonylamine 苄基二壬基胺BDOA = benzyldioctylamine 苄基二壬基胺BDOPO = benzyldioctylphosphine oxide N-苄基二辛基氧膦BEHA = benzylethylhexylamine N-苄基-2-乙基已基胺Belg.Pat.= Belgium Patent 比利时专利Bep = benzo[e]pyrene 苯并[e]芘BESA = British Engineering Standards Association 英国工程标准协会Bipy = 2,2’-bipyridyl 2,2’-联吡啶BL;bl.= base line 基线BMA = polybutylmethacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯BOD = biochemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量BOP = butyl octyl phthalate 邻苯-甲酸丁基辛酯bp;b.p.;B.P.= boiling point 沸点BPC = bonded-phase chromatography (化学)键合(固定)相色谱法BPC = British pharmacopoeia codex 英国副药典B.Ph = British Pharmacopoeia 英国药典Bq = becquerel 贝克勒尔[放射性活度单位,等于1s-11Bq=27.027pCi]br.= brand 商标:牌号B.R.;b.r.= boiling range 沸程Brit.Pat.= British Patent 英国专利Br-PADAP = 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol 2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)5-二乙氨基苯酚B.S.= British Standards 英国标准bu.alc.= butyl alcohol 丁醇bu.;BU = butyl 丁基bus.= bushel 蒲式耳[英制谷物容量单位,英=36.368L,美=35.238L]b.v.= by volume(%)按体积(%)b.w.= by weight(%)按重量(%)Bz = benzyl 苄基CCA = cellulose acetate 乙酸纤维素CA = Chemical Abstract 化学文摘cal.= calorie ;gram-calorie 卡calc.= Calculate(d) 计算(的)cal.val.= Calorific value 发热量;发热值CAMD = computer aided moleculardesign 计算机辅助分子设计Can.Pat.= Canadian Patent 加拿大专利cap.= capacity 容量;能力cap.= capillary 毛细管;毛细的cat.= catalyst ;catalytic;catalyzed 催化剂;催化的cat.= catalog(ue)目录;条目;总目CBPC = chemical honded phase chromatography 化学键合(固定)相色谱(法)CC = continuous current 直流(电)CCIX = continuous countercurrent ionexchange 连续逆流离子交换CCM = column chromatographic methd 柱色谱法CCS = Chinese Chemical Society 中国化学会CD = circular dichroism 圆二色性CD = coulometric detector 库仑检测器CDA = N-cyclohexyldodecylamine N-环己基十二烷基胺CDC = column development chromatography 柱展开色谱(法)CDTA = cyclohexane-diamine-tetraacetic acid 环己烷二胺四乙酸CEHA= N-cyclohexyl-2-ethylhexy-lamine N-环己基-2-乙基己基胺CER = cation exchange resin 阳离子交换树脂CETTA = N-(β-carboxyethyl)diethylene triaminetetraacetic acid N(β-羧乙基)二亚乙基三胺四乙酸c./f.= carried forwad 转入下页cf.= confer 比较;参看CF = concentration factor 浓集因数CFM = polychlorotrifluoroethylene 聚氯三氟乙烯cfs = cubic feet per second 英尺3/秒CG = chromatographic grade ①色谱级(的)②;色谱用(的)[如某些离子交换树脂商名后附CG字样,为色谱专用的]CGC = capillary gas chromatography 毛细管气相色谱(法)CGS = centimetre-gram-second 厘米.克.秒(单位)制CHA = cyclohexylamine acetate 乙酸环己胺oh.E.= chemical engineering 化学工程Chem.= chemisty;chemical 化学;化学的C.H.U.= caloric heat unit 卡热单位Ci = curie 居里[放射性强度单位]CI = chemical ionization 化学电离CI = clearing index 净化指数CI = concentration Index 浓度指数CI = contamination index 污染指数CID = catalytic ionization detector 催化电离检测器CID = cheml-ionization detector 化学电离检测器cit.= citation 引证;引证文cit.= cited 引用的;引证的Cit = citrate 柠檬酸盐Clin = clinical(ly)临床的CMC = carboxymethyl cellulose 羧甲基纤维素CMC = critical micelle concentration 临界胶束浓度CMDMS = chloromethyl -dimethylsilane 氯甲基二甲基硅烷CMR = carbon magnetic resonance 碳核磁共振13 CMR = carbon-13 magnetic resonance 碳-13(核)磁共振CN = cellulose nitrate 硝酸纤维素CNAA = continuous neutron activation analysis 连续中子活化分析CoA = coenzyme A 辅酶ACOA = N-cyclohexyloctylamine N-环已基辛基胺COC = chemical oxygen consumption 化学耗氧量COD = chemical oxygen demand 化学需氧量col.= column 柱coll.= colloidal 胶体的Coll.Ch.= colloid chemistry 胶体化学Co.Ltd.= company limited 有限公司comb.= combine 混合;结合;化合comp.= composition 组成;成分comp = compound ①胶料;②化合物conc.= conentrate;concentrated;concentration 浓缩;浓缩丁的;浓缩作用;浓度concn.= concentration = 浓度;浓缩cond.= co ndition 条件;情况cond.= conductivity 传导性;传导率cont.= content 含量cont.(s)= contain(s)含有;包含conv.(n)= conversion 转化;转变;换算co-op = co-operation 合作;协作cor.= corrected 校正的Corp.= corporation 公司;社团法人c.p.;CP = chemically pure 化学纯CPAA = charged particle activation analysis 带电粒子活化分析CPC = cetyl pyridinium chloride 氯化十六烷基吡啶CPE = chlorinated polyethylene 氯化聚乙烯cpm,c/m = counts per minute 每分钟计数CPU = central processing unit 中央处理机CPVC = chlorinated polyvinyl chloride 氯化聚氯乙烯cr.= crystalline 结晶的c.r.;C.R.= cathode ray 阴极射线crit.= Critical 临界的CRT = cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管Cry.= crystalline 结晶的crystn.= crystallization 结晶CT = computerized tomography 计算机化断层显像CTAB = cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide 溴化十六烷基三甲基铵CTAC = cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride 氯化十六烷基三甲基铵C TC;C.T.C.= carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳CTR = controlled thermonuclear reactor 受控热核反应堆;聚变堆C.T.U.= centigrade thermal unit 百分度热单位cur.= current 流;流行的;现在的C.V.= calorific value 卡值CVD = chemical vapor deposition 化学蒸气淀积;化学汽相淀积CyDTA = cyclohexane diaminetetraacetic acid 环己二胺四乙酸Dd;D = density 密度d- = dextro- 右旋的d;D = diameter 直径da = deca- 十[101]DAM ;DADPM = diamino-diphenyl-methane 二氨基二苯甲烷DAMD = dimethylaminomethyl dimethyl dithiocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸二甲胺甲酯Dan.Pat.= Danish Patent 丹麦专利DAP = di-alkyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二烷基酯DAPT = diamlnopropane-tetraacetic acid 丙二胺四乙酸dat.= Datum [单]数据;资料DBA = dibenzylamine 二苄基胺DBA = dibutylamine 二丁胺DBAE = dibutylamino-ethanol 丁基氨基乙醇DBAO = dibutylammonium oleate 油酸二丁基铵DBBP = dibutyl butylphosphonate 丁基磷酸二丁酯DBC = dibutylcarbitol 二丁基卡必醇DBC = dibutylcellosolve 二丁基溶纤剂DBDA = N,N-dibenzyldodecylamine 二苄基十二烷基胺dB/db = decibel 分贝[声强度单位]DBHA = dibenzylhexylamine 二苄基己基胺dbl.= double 双的;双重的DBMP = dibutylmethylphosphate 磷酸二丁基一甲基酯DBMP = dibutylmethylphosphonate 甲基磷酸二丁酯DBOA = dibenzyloctylamine 二苄基辛胺DBP = dibutylphosphate 磷酸二丁酯DBP = dibutyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯DBPP = dibutyl phenyl phosphonate 苯基磷酸二丁酯DBS = dodecyl benzene sulfonate 十二烷基苯磺酸盐d.c.= dispersing coefficient 分散系数d.c.;D.C.= direct current 直流(电)DC = diffusion constant 扩散常数DCB = 3,3’-dichlorobenzidine 3,3’-二氯联苯胺DCS = data collection srstem 数据收集系统DCTA = 1,2-diaminocyclohexane tetraacetic acid 环已二胺四乙酸DDB = dodecyl benzene 十二烷基苯DDC;DDCN = diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸二乙铵DDD = dimethylammonium dimehyldithiocarbamate 二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸二甲铵DDDC = diethylammonium diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸二乙基铵DDP = di-decyl phthalate 邻苯二甲酸二癸酯DDPA = dodecyl phosphoric acid 十二烷基磷酸;磷酸单十二烷基酯DDT = dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane 滴滴涕;双对氯苯基三氯乙烷DDTC = diethyldithiocarbamate 二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸盐DDVP = O,O-dimethyl-2,2-dichlorovinyl-phosphate 敌敌畏。
外企日常工作中常用的英语术语和缩写语办公室职员( Office Clerk )加入公司的整个过程为例,弓I岀在跨国公司(MNC-Multi-National Company)工作中,日常人们喜欢经常使用的术语( Terminology )和缩写语(Abbreviation )。
[找工作Job Search in g]我立志大学毕业后加入一家跨国公司。
我制作了精美的个人简历( Resume, cv)。
我参加了校园招聘( Campus Recruitment )。
我关注报纸招聘广告( Recruiting Ads)。
我也经常浏览招聘网站( Recruiting Website )。
我还参加人才招聘会( Job Fair )。
[参加面试Be in vited for In terview]我选择了几家中意的公司,投岀了简历。
终于接到了人力资源部(Huma n Resources Departme nt )邀请面试的通知。
经过几轮面试( In terview )和笔试(Writte n Test) 我终于接到了XXXX 公司的聘用书(Offer Letter )。
这是一家独资/合资企业(Wholly Foreig n-Owned Compa ny/Joi nt-Ve nture )。
[录用条件Employment Terms]我隶属XX部门(Department )。
我的职位(Position )是XXXX。
我的工作职责(Job Responsibilities )是XXXX。
我的直接上司( Direct Supervisor )是XXX。
我的起点工资(Starting Salary )是XXXX。
我的入职日期(Join-Date )是XXXX。
我的试用期(Probatio n )是3 个月。
首期劳动合同( Labor Con tract/Employme nt Con tract )的期限(Term )是3 年。
英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:F拿掉所有元音MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveF保留前几个字母INFO :informationINS :insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OF保留开头和结尾个发音字母WK:weekRM:roomPL:peopleF根据发音R :areTHO:thoughTHRU:through缩略词原词APT :ApartmentACC:AccountantACDG :AccordingACPT: AcceptAD :AdvertisementADS :AddressADV:AdviceAMAP :As much/many as possibleAMT:AmountAPV :ApproveASAP :As soon as possibleBAL :BalanceBLDG :BuildingCERT CertificateCFM :ConformCNCL :CancelCNF:ConferenceCMI :CommissionCMP :CompleteCMPE :Compete/competitiveCMU :CommunicationCONC :Concern/concerning/concerned COND :ConditionCO. :CompanyDEPT:DepartmentDISC :DepartureEXCH:ExchangeEXPLN:ExplainEXT:ExtentFLT :FinalFRT:FreightFYR :For your referenceGD :GoodGUAR :GuaranteeH.O. Home officeINFO :InformationIMPS :ImpossibleIMP(T):ImportantINCD :IncludeINDIV :IndividualINS:InsuranceINTST :InterestedI/O :In stead ofIOU :I owe youIVO:In view ofMANUF :ManufactureMDL :ModelMEMO :MemorandumMGR :MangerMIN :MinimumMKT :MarketMSG :MessageNCRY :NecessaryNLT :No later thanOBS :ObserveOBT :ObtainORD :OrdinaryPAT :PatentPC :PiecePKG :PackingPL :PeoplePLS :PleasePOSN:PositionPOSS(BL):PossiblePROD:ProductQLTY:QualityQUTY:QuantityRCV:ReceiveREF :ReferenceREGL :RegularREP :RepresentativeRESN:ReservationRPT :RepeatRESPON :ResponsibleSEC:SectionSITN :SituationSTD :StandardTEL :TelephoneTEMP :TemporaryTGM :TelegraphTHO :ThoughTKS :ThanksTRD :TradeTRF:TrafficTTL :TotalU :YouUR :YourWK :WeekWL :WillWT :WeightXL:Extra large二、字母、图像Z 表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
例如:日本人:JZ。
C 表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。
governmental official 可以表示为CZP 表示政治:politics, political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。
那么politician就可以表示为PZE 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。
G 表示效率:efficient, effective。
G为效率符号。
Q 表示"通货膨胀":inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到,所以用首字母代替。
B 表示商业:business。
C×表示冲突,矛盾:conflict,confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反对,字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和confrontation。
W 表示工作,职业: work, employ 等。
它是work的第一个字母。
所以WZ就可以用来表示worker, 而W(Z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。
i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。
U U 看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty, agreement)一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。
如果在U内填入2××××,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的), 填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。
填入在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism(单边主义),填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。
如果在U上加一个"/"××××表示谈判破裂。
O 表示"国家"、"民族"、"领土"等:country, state, nation, etc.gO表示进口,Og表示出口这个符号酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主办:chair, host, preside over。
那么在此符号上加Z表示主席,主持人:chairman, host, etc.T 表示"领导人":leader, head那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为CT ⊙圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等:meeting,conference,negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposiumk 这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示"捕鱼业"等合fishery 有关的词汇。
O 圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.J 表示开心:pleasant, joyful,happy,excited, etc.L 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc.EO 表示听到、总所周之:as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc. O 表示漠不关心、无动于衷:indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much, etc三、数学符号+ 表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.++(+2) 表示"多"的比较级:more+3 表示"多"的最高级:most-表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.×表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc.> 表示"多于"概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.表示"高" 概念:superior to,surpass, etc.< 表示"少于"概念:less/smaller,etc.表示"低"概念:inferior to,etc.= 表示"同等"概念:means,that is to say,in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc.表示"对手"概念:a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.( ) 表示"在......之间":among, within, etc.≠表示"不同"概念:be different from, etc.表示"无敌"概念:matchless, peerless, etc.~表示"大约"概念:about/around,or so,approximately, etc./ 表示"否定","消除"等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc.四、标点等: 表示各种各样"说"的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.? 表示"问题":question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?. (dot) 这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d"表示yesterday, ".y"表示last year, ".2m"表示two month ago。