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邀请朋友在家做客并教他做中国菜英文作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Fun in the Kitchen with My Best FriendHi! My name is Amy and I'm 9 years old. I love spending time with my best friend Sarah. We've been friends since we were 5 and she's like a sister to me. We do everything together – play games, go to the park, have sleepovers, and more. One of our favorite activities is cooking and baking in the kitchen.Last weekend, I invited Sarah over to my house to learn how to make some yummy Chinese dishes with my mom. My mom is an amazing cook and makes the most delicious Chinese food.I've been helping her in the kitchen since I was little, so I know a few things too!When Sarah arrived on Saturday morning, we went straight to the kitchen. My mom had everything ready – all the ingredients and supplies we would need laid out on the counter. First up, we made dumplings! Dumplings are little pouches of dough filled with a yummy mixture of vegetables and meat. My favorite kind has pork and cabbage inside.My mom showed us how to mix the dough and let it rest. Then we learned how to make the filling by chopping vegetables and mixing them with ground pork, soy sauce, ginger, and other delicious seasonings. The fun part was assembling the dumplings! We took a small ball of dough, rolled it flat into a circle, and placed a spoonful of filling into the middle. Then we folded the dough over and pinched the edges to seal it into a cute little half-moon shape. Sarah and I had a contest to see who could fold their dumplings the prettiest!Once all the dumplings were assembled, it was time to cook them. My mom steamed some on the stovetop and pan-fried others so they would have a crispy bottom. The whole kitchen smelled incredible while they cooked. Finally, it was time to eat! We dipped the hot dumplings in a mixture of soy sauce, vinegar, and chili oil. They were so good – definitely worth all the hard work. I think Sarah's favorite part was getting to eat the "ugly" dumplings that didn't fold properly!After our dumpling feast, we moved on to making a stir-fry. Stir-fries are really easy – you just chop up some vegetables and meat, then fry it all together in a wok or big pan with oil and soy sauce. We used chicken, broccoli, carrots, mushrooms, and water chestnuts. Sarah got to practice her knife skills by carefullycutting up all the veggies. I handled the sauces by mixing together soy sauce, rice vinegar, sesame oil, garlic, and ginger. Once everything was prepped, we stir-fried it all together over high heat. It cooked up so fast!My favorite part of the stir-fry was when my mom let me do the real "stir-frying" at the end by shaking the wok and tossing all the ingredients together with a spatula. It was harder than it looked to get everything moving around the hot wok! We served our stir-fry over steamed white rice. Sarah doesn't usually like veggies that much but she cleaned her plate – I guess the soy sauce made everything taste amazing.For dessert, we made my favorite Chinese treat – egg tarts! Egg tarts are kind of like little custard pies with a sweet egg filling inside a flaky pastry crust. We used a special circular mold to shape the crusts. Then we mixed up the egg custard filling on the stovetop with eggs, sugar, milk, and vanilla. Once the crusts were filled, we baked them in the oven until the custard set.While the egg tarts cooled, Sarah and I got to lick the bowls clean – my favorite part! When they were ready, we dusted the tops with powdered sugar. One bite and Sarah's eyes went wide – she loved them! The custard was so smooth and creamy withthe perfect amount of sweetness. We devoured those egg tarts faster than you can believe.By the end of our cooking adventures, we were stuffed full of delicious Chinese food that we made ourselves. My mom complimented us on our hard work and said we were becoming such good little chefs. Sarah told me she had so much fun learning to cook authentic Chinese dishes. She said her favorite part (other than eating!) was getting to try new things and work together as a team in the kitchen.I feel really lucky that I get to spend so much time with my best friend Sarah. We always have a blast no matter what we're doing, but cooking together was extra special. Not only did we get to eat yummy food, but we made incredible memories too. I can't wait for her to come over again so we can experiment with more Chinese recipes. Maybe next time we'll try making wontons, spring rolls, or even Peking duck! Getting to share my culture's cuisine with my best friend is the best.I hope you enjoyed reading about our fun day of cooking Chinese food together. The next time you have a friend over, you should invite them into the kitchen too! It's a great way to learn about different cultures, work as a team, and create something delicious that you can be proud of. Cooking may seem hard, butwith a friend by your side and an adult to guide you, it's a piece of cake – or I guess I should say, a piece of egg tart! Maybe I'll bring some egg tarts to share at school on Monday. Who knows, maybe I'll inspire some of my other friends to start cooking too! Get in the kitchen and get creative – that's my advice. Just don't eat all the dumplings before your friend arrives!篇2Inviting My Friend Over to Learn Chinese CookingHi everyone! My name is Michael and I'm going to tell you about the time I invited my best friend Tony over to my house to learn how to cook some delicious Chinese food with my mom. It was so much fun!Tony and I have been best buddies since kindergarten. We're both in 5th grade now and do everything together - play sports, video games, you name it. But one thing Tony hadn't really tried was authentic Chinese cooking. That's because his family is Italian and they mostly make pasta, pizza, and other Italian dishes at home.My family is Chinese though, and my mom is an amazing cook. She can make all the classic Chinese dishes like kung pao chicken, beef and broccoli, dumplings, egg rolls, fried rice, andmore. The smells that come from our kitchen when she's cooking are just mouthwatering!One day at school, I brought in some leftovers of my mom's cooking for lunch - orange chicken and fried rice. Tony took one bite and his eyes lit up. "Dude, this is crazy good! Is this real Chinese food?" he asked with his mouth full. I nodded and he quickly devoured the whole container."My mom made it from scratch last night. She's an awesome Chinese chef," I told him proudly. Tony looked at me in amazement."You have to teach me how to make food like this! Can I come over to your house sometime and have your mom show us?" he pleaded. An idea sparked in my head.The next day after school, I asked my mom if it would be okay for Tony to come over that weekend so she could give us a Chinese cooking lesson. "Of course!" she said with a big smile. "I'd love to teach you two how to make some classic dishes."Finally, Saturday arrived and I could barely contain my excitement as I waited for Tony to show up. When he rang the doorbell, I sprinted to open it up. "Hey man, thanks for havingme over! I can't wait to learn how to cook this incredible food," he gushed as he stepped inside.Mom was already prepping some ingredients in the kitchen. She had laid out everything we'd need - cuts of meat, fresh vegetables, sauces, rice, oils, spices and more. It looked like an amazing cooking show on TV!"Okay boys, today we're going to make three classic Chinese dishes together," Mom announced. "First up is beef and broccoli stir-fry. This is a classic Cantonese dish that's healthy but full of flavor."She showed us how to slice the beef into thin strips, how to properly cut and prepare the broccoli florets, and create the savory brown sauce with soy sauce, rice wine, brown sugar and other seasonings. Tony and I watched intently, scribbling notes on a pad of paper so we wouldn't forget anything.Next, Mom fired up the wok with hot oil and got to cooking. The aromas were positively intoxicating - garlic, ginger, sesame oil and soy sauce all mingling together. In just a few minutes, she had produced a huge plate of tender beef and crisp broccoli coated in that thick, tantalizing sauce."That was awesome! I wanna try," Tony exclaimed eagerly. Under Mom's guidance, Tony took the wok and gave it his best shot at following all the steps. I helped too, and while it didn't look quite as perfect as Mom's, it still turned out really tasty.For the next dish, we made vegetable egg rolls - a quintessential Chinese appetizer. Mom taught us how to slice and shred cabbage, carrots and other veggies, what seasonings to add, and most importantly, how to carefully wrap and fry the iconic crispy egg roll shape. She let me take the lead in wrapping a few while Tony manned the frying station.Finally, for the main entree, we prepared one of my absolute favorite Chinese-American dishes - kung pao chicken. Mom showed us how to velvet the chicken for that signature silky texture, create the spicy kung pao sauce with chilies and Sichuan peppercorns, and quickly fry everything together with peanuts, vegetables and fluffy white rice.By the time our epic kitchen extravaganza was done, we had whipped up a full Chinese feast - kung pao chicken, beef and broccoli, egg rolls, and a massive plate of fried rice too. Mom let Tony and I do most of the work so we'd really learn.We dug into our creations with wild enthusiasm, shoveling bites of chicken, beef and those addictive egg rolls into ourmouths. The flavors were incredible - spicy, savory, slightly sweet and totally craveable."This is just as good as your cooking, Mrs. Wong!" Tony raved to my mom between mouthfuls. She smiled and gave us both a big hug."You two were wonderful students today. I'm so proud that you learned to make authentic Chinese cuisine."I could tell Tony had the time of his life that afternoon. Not only did he get to eat some of the best Chinese food in town, but he got to be the master chef who created it too! We vowed to have many more Chinese cooking days together to keep expanding our skills.From that day on, Tony was an even more frequent guest at my house. Sometimes he'd come over just to watch and help my mom cook dinner. Other times, we'd find new challenging recipes to tackle on our own using all the tips and techniques she taught us. One of my personal crowning achievements was mastering the precise folding and crimping to make perfect soup dumplings!Thanks to that fateful Saturday and my awesome mom's masterclass, Tony became just as obsessed with Chinese cookingas I've always been. We've fed our families, friends, and even a bake sale fundraiser with our delicious creations. It's become one of our favorite hobbies and split passions.So if your friend has never tried real, made-from-scratch Chinese food before, I highly recommend you invite them over and give them a taste. Maybe their enthusiastic reaction will be just like Tony's was. Then you can teach them how to cook those same authentic dishes themselves, just like Mom taught us. It's a fun new skill to learn together and a great way to spend quality time with your bestie. After all, sharing good food with great friends and making awesome memories - that's what it's all about! I know Tony and I will never forget that special Chinese cooking day and all the amazing meals we've made since then.篇3An Exciting Day of Chinese CookingYesterday was such an exciting day! My best friend Michael came over after school and we made delicious Chinese food together. I've been wanting to teach him how to cook some of my favorite dishes for a long time.A few days ago, I asked Michael, "Would you like to come over to my house this weekend and learn how to make someyummy Chinese dishes?" Michael's eyes lit up and he exclaimed, "That sounds awesome! I love Chinese food but have never tried cooking it myself." We decided he would come over on Saturday afternoon.When Saturday finally arrived, I could hardly contain my excitement. I helped my mom go shopping for all the ingredients we would need - noodles, vegetables, sauces, and more. We bought plump chicken breasts, crisp broccoli, carrots, mushrooms, and bunches of fresh green onions. For the sauces, we got soy sauce, oyster sauce, rice vinegar, and sesame oil. I also picked out some fun oranges to make a sweet orange sauce later.As soon as Michael arrived, we hurried to the kitchen to get started. First, my mom showed us how to properly handle the knives and other utensils. "Safety first!" she said firmly. Once we learned the basics, it was time to start prepping the ingredients.Michael and I worked together to slice the chicken into thin strips. It was a little tricky at first to get the slices even, but we got the hang of it. Next, we chopped the broccoli, carrots, mushrooms, and green onions into bite-sized pieces. The vegetable mix looked so bright and colorful! Finally, we madethe sauces by mixing together the various liquids according to my mom's time-tested recipes.For our first dish, we made a classic - chicken and broccoli. My mom heated up the wok and had us add a little oil to start sautéing the chicken. The sizzling sound was mesmerizing as we kept stirring with the spatula. Once the chicken turned opaque, we added in the broccoli, soy sauce, oyster sauce, and a dash of sesame oil. The aroma was making me ravenous!Mom showed us the proper technique for stir-frying - keeping the ingredients constantly moving and tossing everything together rapidly with our utensils. In what seemed like no time, the dish was done. We scooped it over a bed of fluffy white rice that mom had prepared. That first bite wasout-of-this-world delicious! The sauce coated every morsel and the broccoli still had a nice crunch. Michael shot me a thumbs up as he contentedly devoured his plate.But we weren't done cooking yet. Next up was one of my personal favorites - beef and vegetable chow mein! This was a bit more labor intensive as we had to slice all the vegetables - carrots, cabbage, bean sprouts, water chestnuts. Michael and I worked patiently side-by-side to prepare everything just right.Mom cooked the beef first until browned, then had us add the veggies along with the noodles, sauces, and seasonings.This time, she let Michael and I do most of the stir-frying ourselves. It was tricky trying to keep everything moving rapidly in the sizzling hot wok. A few pieces of cabbage went rogue and landed on the counter, but we just tossed them back in. Finally, the noodles were steaming hot, the veggies were cooked but still crisp, and the beef was tender. My mouth was watering in anticipation!As soon as the chow mein hit our plates, I dug my fork in greedily. The flavors just danced across my taste buds - salty and savory from the soy sauce, a hint of tartness from the rice vinegar, the crunch of the fresh veggies. So much deliciousness in every bite! I looked over to see Michael happily slurping up the long, chewy noodles. Success!For our final course, we made a refreshing orange sauce to pour over the remaining chicken we had cooked earlier. Peeling all those oranges was a bit tedious, but the sweet, tangy sauce that resulted was worth it. Orange juice, rice vinegar, soy sauce, garlic, ginger, and a few other magic ingredients combined into a bright, vibrant glaze. We tossed the chicken into the saucepan to get it nicely coated in the sticky sauce. Perfection!By the time we finished eating every last bite, Michael and I were stuffed but thoroughly satisfied. We sat back and smiled, reveling in our hard work and delectable creations."Wow, I had no idea Chinese cooking could be so much fun!" Michael exclaimed. "And everything tasted incredible. Thank you so much for teaching me."I grinned back at my friend. "You're very welcome! I'm just happy I could share my love of this cuisine with you. We make a pretty great team in the kitchen!" I was thrilled to have passed on my passion for Chinese food to Michael. Hopefully it would be the first of many more cooking adventures together.As we cleaned up the kitchen side-by-side, mom came over and gave us both a warm hug. "I'm so proud of you two! You worked really hard today and the results were spectacular. Maybe you'll be the next great chefs one day!" Michael and I just laughed and basked in the wonderful feeling of our memorable day spent creating and devouring scrumptious Chinese dishes together. It will definitely be an experience I'll never forget!。
六年级第三单元的作文六句话英语全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Third Unit - A 6th Grader's PerspectiveOh boy, the third unit! I have to admit, when we first started this one I wasn't too excited. I mean, learning about ancient civilizations is cool and all, but I was way more pumped for the unit on space exploration coming up later this year. Little did I know just how fascinating this unit would turn out to be!We kicked things off by learning about ancient Mesopotamia. I'll be honest, I had a hard time even pronouncing "Mesopotamia" at first. But Mr. Davis showed us all these awesome pictures of the ziggurat pyramids and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, which were one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Can you believe people built those massive structures without any modern machinery? The Sumerians who lived there developed the earliest known writing system too - it looked like a bunch of tiny triangles inscribed onto clay tablets. Mr. Davis let us try making our own pictograms out of modeling clay, which was a blast.From there, we traveled further west to ancient Egypt. This was definitely the fan favorite unit for my class. We all went nuts over the mummies, the elaborate tomb paintings, and the pharaohs' crazy headdresses. Tutankhamun was probably the most famous one we learned about. His tomb was filled with all sorts of golden treasures when archaeologists finally uncovered it thousands of years after he died. We even got to try mummifying a small action figure using the same salt drying techniques as ancient Egyptian embalmers! Wrapping up all those tiny strips of linen was a pain, but it was still pretty cool.Speaking of cool, ancient Greece was where things really heated up. First off, they had epic legends like the Trojan War with heroes battling massive monsters. Mr. Davis read us parts of the Iliad and the Odyssey, these classic poems about the adventures of guys like Odysseus and Achilles. They made Lord of the Rings sound lame in comparison! Then there were the Athens vs. Sparta conflicts, where two of the most powerful ancient Greek city-states went to war. We held a mock debate about who would win, with half the class arguing for Athens and the other half for Sparta. The Sparta team barely edged out the win by vowing to channel their fierce Spartan warrior discipline and battlefield tactics.But the Greeks accomplished way more than just fighting too. Mr. Davis explained how they more or less invented democracy, philosophy, theater, and a ton of other major ideas that still influence our world today. We read excerpts from some of the earliest plays and learned the basics of Greek columns and architecture. The temples dedicated to Zeus, Poseidon and the other gods looked so majestic. Of course, we also covered the original Olympic games, which started as a religious festival to honor Zeus. We held our own mini sixth grade version at recess, with events like foot races, discus throwing, and even a couch pillow fight in lieu of ancient Greek wrestling. Jayden from my class won the laureate headband Mr. Davis made for the overall champion.After the glory of ancient Greece, we circled back toward the Middle East to study ancient Rome and Persia. The Romans were definitely my favorite - their army was straight up unstoppable for centuries! We got really into delving into the power struggles between different Roman emperors like Julius Caesar, Augustus and Nero. Some of those ruthless characters made the villains from our Star Wars movies seem tame in comparison! From the Colosseum to aqueducts, the Romans were incredible engineers too. We even had a mini Roman feast day where everyone brought in dishes inspired by the ancient Roman diet.As for ancient Persia, the highlight was probably learning about the famed Persian warriors known as the Immortals. We theorized what it would be like if our middle school had an elite force of Immortal guards protecting the hallways and cafeteria. That actually doesn't sound half bad, come to think of it! The Persians were also known for their early advancements in math, science and philosophy. It makes sense, considering their massive empire connected so much of the ancient world through trade and the sharing of ideas.There was so much to cover in this unit, and I'm definitely leaving out a ton. But those were some of the highlights that really stuck with me. Whether it was trying our hand at ancient writing systems, recreating historic events through debates and performances, or holding mini Olympic-style competitions, Mr. Davis made this unit a total blast from start to finish. If the rest of 6th grade history is anywhere near this engaging, I have a feeling this might just wind up being my new favorite subject!篇2My Favorite SeasonIt was a crisp autumn day as I walked to school, the leaves crunching underneath my feet. Autumn is definitely my favoriteseason of the year! The blazing reds, vivid oranges, and golden yellows of the changing leaves always fill me with wonder. It's like nature is putting on a spectacular show just for us before the trees go bare for winter.One of the best parts of autumn is getting to go on nature hikes and see all the beautiful fall foliage up close. My friends and I love exploring the hiking trails near our town, watching the leaves drift lazily down from the branches. We collect the most vibrantly colored ones to use for arts and crafts projects later. Sometimes we bring a picnic and eat our lunches on a blanket in a sunny clearing, listening to the birds chirping their last songs before migrating for winter.Speaking of migrating, another highlight of autumn is trying to spot flocks of geese flying in their iconic V-formations across the sky. They always seem to be heading south for warmer weather. I sometimes imagine what it would be like to be a bird, soaring high above the treetops, the wind rushing through my feathers. I bet they get an incredible view of all the fall colors blanketing the landscape below!After we're done carving pumpkins, it's time to get started on our Halloween costumes. I love getting creative and making my own, usually drawing inspiration from my favorite books,movies, or video games. Last year, I went as a wizard from my favorite fantasy series. I spent weeks sewing my robe, molding a magic wand from clay, and meticulously painting on all the trim and designs. When I trick-or-treated in my costume, all my friends were totally jealous of how cool it looked!After we've stuffed ourselves silly on Mom's famous pumpkin pie and Dad's perfectly brined turkey, we'll bundle up and go for a walk around the neighborhood. I love admiring all the twinkling lights and festive decorations adorning the houses. Sometimes we'll take a football along and toss it around in the dwindling light of the autumn evening, working off some of those Thanksgiving calories! No matter what, by the time we get home, we're ready to snuggle up by the fireplace and watch a movie together, thankful for another wonderful fall come and gone.Those are just some of the countless reasons why autumn is my absolute favorite time of year. The gorgeous changing colors, fun outdoor activities, family celebrations, and overall cozy feeling just can't be beat in my book. I relish every second of it before winter's chill takes over. Bring on the pumpkin spice, scarves, and crunchy leaves - I'll savor autumn for as long as it lasts!篇3My Awesome School YearWow, this school year has been so amazing already andwe're only in the third unit! I can hardly believe how much fun I've had and how many cool things I've learned. Let me tell you all about it.First off, the new subjects we've been studying have been really interesting. In science, we've been learning about different forms of energy like heat, light, and electricity. It's crazy how energy is everywhere around us! My favorite experiment was when we made simple circuits with batteries, wires, and light bulbs. I loved seeing my little bulb glow just from connecting it the right way. Who knew electricity could be so easy?Then in history, we've been learning about ancient civilizations like Greece, Rome, Egypt, and China. Those societies were incredible! The Greeks had crazy myths about gods like Zeus throwing lightning bolts. The Egyptians built massive pyramids that still stand today. And the Chinese invented so many important things like paper, the compass, and gunpowder.I can't get over how advanced those ancient peoples were. Ifthey could create all that with just simple tools, imagine what they could do with today's technology!In English, we've been doing loads of creative writing exercises. One week we had to write a short story from the perspective of an animal. I chose to be a hibernating bear! It was pretty tricky trying to imagine what it would be like to sleep all winter, but I think my story turned out cool. Another time, we wrote poetry about nature using lots of descriptive words. I picked a waterfall as my subject and compared the rushing water to a "thundering veil of liquid platinum." Maybe I have a future as a poet!Even math has been kind of fun recently. We've been learning about basic geometry - things like angles, shapes, perimeters, and areas. At first, I didn't think I'd like it very much. But then we started doing fun activities like measuring things around the classroom to calculate their areas. Who knew figuring out the area of my desk could actually be sort of satisfying? Geometry isn't quite as boring as I thought.There have been plenty of great times outside of classes too. We had a crazy pep rally a few weeks ago where we all did ridiculous dances and cheers. I've also joined the school's Coding Club where we're learning JavaScript. Did you know you canmake video games and web pages just by coding? It's incredible!I just started but I've already made a basic cartoon cat that can walk around. I want to add abilities to make it jump, climb, and shoot lasers out of its eyes next.Another highlight was definitely the overnight field trip we took to Explorers Camp up in the mountains. We went hiking, canoeing, rock climbing, and camped out in tents. For a city kid like me, it was such an adventure! My favorite part was the night hike through the dark forest. Our counselors let us turn off our flashlights at one point and the stars looked even brighter than I've ever seen. You could clearly make out the Milky Way stretching across the sky. It was breathtaking!And of course, I've been having fun just hanging out with my friends at recess and after school. Zach finally got that new BMX bike he wanted and has been letting me practice tricks on it. Carmen's parents took us all roller skating for her birthday party. And Luke's family's new rescue dog is so cute and friendly. We love playing fetch with it at the park on weekends. Even though we're getting older, we can still act like kids sometimes.This school year has been absolutely packed with so many great experiences already and there are still a few more units to go! I've learned about super fascinating topics, done tons of funactivities and projects, and made so many amazing memories with my friends. While the work hasn't always been easy, I've grown so much as a student and person. I know the rest of 6th grade will just keep getting better and better. Bring it on!篇4My Awesome Summer VacationThis summer was the best vacation ever! I had so much fun and did lots of cool things. Let me tell you all about it.First, my family went on a big road trip. We packed up our van with snacks, games, and all our luggage. I even got to bring my favorite stuffed animal, Mr. Fluffkins. The drive took forever, but I didn't mind because I got to look out the window and see all kinds of different scenery. We drove past fields, forests, mountains, and big cities. Whenever we stopped for food or bathroom breaks, I loved exploring the different restaurants and gas stations. Everything was a new adventure!After driving for what felt like a million hours, we finally made it to our destination - the beach! As soon as I saw the bright blue ocean stretching out in front of me, I knew this vacation was going to be epic. Our beach house was amazing too. It had its own little pathway that went straight down to thesand. The first thing I did was run down and dip my toes in the cool, salty water. I'll never forget the feeling of those tiny waves lapping over my feet.Every day at the beach, I had a blast. I built the most amazing sandcastles with my baby sister. We made towers, tunnels, moats, and even tried sculpting sea animals out of the wet sand. My dad helped me gather all kinds of pretty seashells too. I found pink conches, white sand dollars, and even a couple of sand crabs scurrying around! When I got hot from playing, I cooled off by splashing in the shallow waves or burying myself in the sand with just my head sticking out.But the best part of the beach was definitely the ocean itself. The water was such a brilliant shade of blue-green. I loved bobbing up and down riding the bigger waves. My parents showed me how to dive under the swells so they wouldn't crash right into my face. I even got to try boogie boarding for the first time! My mom pushed me into the bigger waves and I coasted all the way back to shore feeling like a tiny surfer dude. So cool!On the days we didn't go to the beach, we did other fun activities. One day we went mini golfing and I got a hole-in-one! We also visited this awesome indoor waterpark that had huge twisting slides, a wave pool, and a lazy river you could floataround in tubes. Another day we went to the aquarium and I got to see sharks, rays, and all sorts of colorful fish swimming around massive tanks. I felt like I was underwater with them!Before I knew it, our vacation was over and it was time to head home. I was really sad to leave the beach behind, but I had so many great memories. I'll never forget the smell of the salty air, the warmth of the sun on my face, and the sound of seagulls cawing overhead. On our long drive home, I looked through all the shells and pictures from our trip. I can't wait to go back to the beach again next summer!Those few weeks of vacation fun went by way too fast. But at least I have all year to get ready for next year's big adventure. Who knows what awesome place we'll get to visit? Maybe the mountains, a big city, or some other spot I've never been before. Wherever it is, I know it's going to be just as exciting as this trip. I'm already counting down the days!篇5The Third UnitWow, it's already the third unit of sixth grade! I can't believe how fast this year is going. It feels like just yesterday that I was nervous about starting middle school. Now I'm an old pro andone of the big kids on campus. Well, at least compared to the little first graders!This unit has definitely been my favorite so far. The topics we've covered in our different classes have been so interesting and engaging. In science, we've been learning all about the human body. I find the whole thing completely fascinating! Who knew there were so many different organs and systems all working together to keep us alive and healthy?My favorite part was definitely the unit on the digestive system. I'll never look at food the same way again after learning all the crazy things that happen after you swallow it. The journey from your mouth all the way through and out the other end is like a wild adventure full of acids and muscles squeezing everything along. I grossed my little brother out for weeks by describing all the gory details at the dinner table!In math, we've been working on ratios, proportions, and percentages. I have to admit, I struggled a bit with grasping the concepts at first. But my teacher Mr. Patel is so patient and keeps coming up with creative examples to help it click. Who knew learning could involve so many examples about shopping and splitting pizza slices? Now any time I go to a store or restaurant, Ifind myself calculating discounts and tips in my head. Maybe I have a future as a human calculator!English class has been a blast as well. Our unit has been all about analyzing classic short stories and poems. I'll be honest, reading old poetry seemed pretty dull at first. But Mrs. Robertson has totally opened my eyes to the deeper meanings and metaphors hidden in those genius lines. I find myself searching for symbols and looking for deeper layers in everything I read now, even stuff like product labels and text messages! It's like a fun new code to decipher.The best part of this unit, hands down, has been our deep dive into Greek mythology. Those ancient tales about gods, heroes, and monsters are just so epic and engaging. I can't get enough of crazy stories like Hercules' twelve labors or the showdown between Perseus and Medusa. They're like blockbuster action movies, but they were written thousands of years before movies were even invented! My friends and I spend every recess battling with stick swords and pretending to be mythical heroes. We're those kids still making up wild fantasy games at our age instead of just staring at screens. No shame!Overall, this third unit has been amazing. Sure, there have been some challenges and growing pains along the way. But I'velearned so much new incredible information that isexpanding my mind in fascinating directions. Plus, school is about way more than just academics. It's where you get to hang out with your friends, try out new activities, and explore all sorts of interests. Maybe I'll be a scientist studying the human body someday. Or an archeologist digging up ancient legends. Or who knows, a teacher myself helping kids discover their passions! The possibilities seem endless right now.I can't wait to see where the rest of sixth grade takes me. Heck, maybe by the end I'll have figured out the secrets of the universe! Or at least gotten percentages down cold. One unit at a time, I'm slowly but surely becoming a smarter, morewell-rounded person. Childhood is precious, but growing up is starting to look pretty exciting too. Bring on the next unit!篇6My Third Unit AdventureThe third unit we covered this year was all about exploring different cultures and societies around the world. It was such an exciting topic! I couldn't wait to learn more about how people live in different countries and what makes their traditions and customs so unique.We started by looking at Mexico and some of the vibrant festivals they celebrate there. I loved reading about the Day of the Dead celebrations, where they honor their deceased loved ones with colorful skeleton masks, marigold flowers, and sweet bread. The altars they construct look so beautiful and meaningful.I think it's really cool how they view death as just another part of life's journey.Then we moved on to studying India and the amazing diversity within that country. There are so many religions, languages, foods, and cultural traditions! I found out that Hindu festivals like Holi, the festival of colors, and Diwali, the festival of lights, are celebrated with bright colors, intricate designs, fireworks, and special sweets. I would love to experience the vibrant atmosphere of those holidays one day.We also learned about the indigenous cultures in Australia and the spiritual connection they have with the land and nature. The aboriginal art with its dot paintings and dreamtime stories was mind-blowing. I tried creating my own dot painting and it was harder than it looked! I have so much respect for the patience and skill it takes to produce those amazing artworks.One culture that really fascinated me was the Inuit people who live in the Arctic regions. I can't even imagine what it wouldbe like to survive in those freezing temperatures! But the Inuits have adapted so ingeniously by building igloos for shelter, using every part of seals and other animals, and even having unique ice cream treats made with weird ingredients like whale skin and berries. Their storytelling and folklore about spirits that control the elements and animals were pretty cool too.Towards the end of the unit, we looked at the daily lives and customs of kids in other countries. In parts of Asia, many children help out a lot with chores and family businesses from a very young age. I don't know if I could handle getting up at 4am to do hours of work before school! The games kids play were interesting too – like using woven bamboo poles for sport instead of typical balls and equipment. It really made me appreciate how different childhoods can be across the globe.Overall, this unit opened my eyes to the richness of human diversity. Even though we may look or live differently on the outside, I've realized that there are so many similarities when it comes to things like celebrating, being creative, telling stories, and just wanting a good life for our families. I feel really lucky to have been exposed to all these fascinating cultures. Maybe one day I'll even get to experience some of their customs and traditions firsthand when I travel!。
我的家乡的一年四季英语作文100字全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Hometown's Four SeasonsHi friends! Today I want to tell you all about the four seasons in my hometown. We get to experience every season here, and they are all so much fun in their own ways!Let's start with spring. Spring is when everything starts blooming after the cold winter. The trees grow new green leaves, and pretty flowers pop up everywhere you look. My favorite are the cherry blossoms - they only last a couple weeks but they make the whole town look like a pink cloud! Spring also means lots of rain, which can be a bummer. But I don't mind getting a little wet if it helps make everything so green and colorful.Next up is summer, which is definitely the most fun season. School is out, so my friends and I have tons of free time. We go swimming at the lake nearly every day when it's hot out. The water feels so refreshing and it's fun to splash around. Sometimes my parents take us to the beach too which is a total blast! We build sandcastles, play frisbee, and look for seashells.My hometown also has a huge carnival every summer with rides, games, and foods like cotton candy and funnel cakes. Yum! The only downside is the mosquitoes which love to bite me.The fall is really pretty in my hometown too. The leaves on the trees turn bright red, yellow, and orange colors. It looks like the trees are on fire! My favorite activity is raking up big piles of leaves and then jumping right into them. Sometimes I bury my little brother in the leaves and he has to wiggle his way out. We both get a good laugh! As it gets cooler, we have to start wearing jackets and warm clothes. I enjoy carving pumpkins and drinking hot apple cider. Halloween is also my favorite holiday to dress up in a fun costume.Finally, there's winter which can be pretty cold where I live. We usually get a few big snowstorms every year. I absolutely love when there's a snow day and school is canceled! My friends and I go sledding at the big hill, have intense snowball fights, and build forts and snowmen. The biggest bummer is shoveling all that heavy snow though - no kid likes doing chores! Once it gets dark, we go inside to warm up with some hot chocolate loaded with tiny marshmallows. Wintertime is also fun because of all the holidays like Christmas and New Year's. But by the end of winter, I'm always eager for spring to come back around.Well, that's what the four seasons are like in my little corner of the world. Each one is different and special. I feel really lucky to experience such a variety of weather and activities throughout the whole year. From the rebirth of spring, to the lazy days of summer, the colorful beauty of fall, and the frosty fun of winter - I wouldn't want to have it any other way! My篇2My Hometown's Four SeasonsHi there! I'm so excited to tell you all about the four seasons in my hometown. It's such a beautiful place, and each season brings its own special magic. Let me take you on a journey through the whole year!Spring is when everything comes back to life after the long, cold winter. The trees start growing their green leaves again, and the first colorful flowers poke their heads out of the ground. It's like the whole world is waking up from a long nap! The air feels fresh and crisp, and the sun starts shining more brightly each day.One of my favorite things about spring is watching the baby animals that are born during this time. Little lambs and calves wobble around on their spindly legs, and tiny chicks follow theirmamas wherever they go. Everything feels so new and full of hope in the springtime.As spring turns to summer, the days get longer and hotter. School is out, which means my friends and I have plenty of time to play outside and go on adventures. We love running through the sprinklers to cool off or going for a swim in the creek that runs behind my house.Summer is also when all the fruits and vegetables in our garden start to ripen. There's nothing quite like biting into a juicy strawberry that you picked yourself, or munching on a crisp cucumber straight from the vine. My mom always makes big salads for dinner using all the fresh veggies from our garden.The summer nights are magical too. We often have big backyard cookouts with my extended family, roasting marshmallows over the fire pit and catching fireflies in jars. As it gets darker, we lie on our backs and gaze up at the twinkling stars that seem to stretch on forever.Eventually, summer fades into fall. The leaves on the trees turn into a kaleidoscope of reds, oranges, and yellows. It's like the whole world is putting on a dazzling display before winter arrives. My friends and I love jumping into the big piles of raked leaves, laughing and tossing them at each other.Fall is also harvest season, which means lots of tasty foods to enjoy. We go apple picking at the local orchard and make delicious pies, crisps, and cider. At Halloween, we carve pumpkins into silly or spooky faces. And of course, there's my favorite fall treat – candy corn!As the weather gets cooler and cooler, we know that winter is just around the corner. Before we know it, the first fluffy snowflakes start drifting down from the sky. Suddenly, the whole landscape is blanketed in a pristine layer of white.Wintertime means bundling up in cozy sweaters, wrapping up in scarves, and pulling on warm boots to go trudging through the snow. My friends and I spend hours outside, building snowmen and having epic snowball fights. Sometimes we'll go sledding down the big hill at the park, shrieking with excitement the whole way down.When we finally go back inside, rosy-cheeked and shivering, my mom has hot cocoa and freshly-baked cookies waiting for us. We'll sit by the crackling fireplace, sipping our warm drinks and watching the snow continue to fall outside the frosty windows.Winter is also a time for special holidays and traditions. We put up twinkling lights all around our house and trim the Christmas tree with ornaments we've collected over the years.On Christmas morning, I wake up early to see what Santa has left under the tree for me!As winter winds down, I get excited for the cycle to start all over again with spring's renewal. The seasons are always changing in my hometown, but that's what makes it so wonderful. There's beauty to be found in every season if you just take the time to look around. I feel so lucky to live in a place with such variety all year long!篇3My Hometown's Four SeasonsHi there! My name is Alex and I'm going to tell you all about the four seasons in my hometown. It's such an awesome place with so many fun things to do depending on the time of year. Get ready for an adventure through spring, summer, fall, and winter!Spring is when everything starts waking up from its long winter nap. The trees grow new green leaves, the flowers poke up out of the ground, and baby animals are born. It's my favorite season because of all the new life happening. One of the best parts is when my family goes to the park and has a picnic underthe cherry blossom trees that bloom bright pink flowers. Sometimes we'll even fly a kite if it's windy enough!Then spring turns into summer and that's when the real fun starts. No more school for a while which means lots of time to play outside. My friends and I have the longest games of hide and seek and tag in the neighborhood. We run around for hours until our moms call us in for dinner. The local pool opens up so we can splash around and cool off from the hot sun. Every 4th of July, my family watches the most amazing fireworks show. The night sky explodes with color!All too soon, summer fades into fall. This season is probably the most beautiful of all. The leaves on the trees turn bright red, orange, and yellow before falling off. My neighborhood looks like it's covered in a warm blanket. My favorite fall activities are jumping into piles of crunchy leaves, carving pumpkins for Halloween, and drinking hot apple cider. We also go on a family trip to the apple orchard to pick apples and buy fresh donuts. Mmm, they're delicious!Finally, winter arrives with its chilly temperatures and snowy days. Sometimes there's so much snow that school gets canceled! Yes, snow days are the best. My neighborhood friends and I will spend all day outside making篇4My Hometown's Four SeasonsHi there! My name is Alex and I'm going to tell you all about the changing seasons back home in my little town. We get to see spring, summer, fall, and winter every year and they are all so different and special.Spring is when things start waking up from the cold winter. The trees grow new green leaves, babies are born on the farms, and flowers poke up through the ground. My favorite spring flower is the bright yellow daffodil. The rains come more often which makes everything green and fresh smelling. Sometimes we even get thunderstorms with loud booms of thunder! Spring is muddy but fun to play outside without heavy coats on.Then summer arrives and it gets so hot and sunny. All the kids are out of school so we have tons of time to run around, have water balloon fights, and go swimming at the lake. The ice cream truck comes by playing its happy jingle. We stay up late watching lightning bugs blink in the warm night air. Summer means bare feet, tan lines, and big slices of cold watermelon. The 4th of July is my favorite with its parades, barbecues, and fireworks celebrations.When fall rolls around, the leaves turn incredible colors like deep red, orange, and golden yellow. We go on nature walks and crunch through the piles of fallen leaves. Mom makes delicious pies with the apples we pick from the orchards. Halloween is a blast with dressing up as your favorite character andtrick-or-treating for candy! The air gets crisp and chilly so we start wearing jackets and long sleeves again.Finally, winter brings snowy days that are perfect for sledding, having snowball fights, and making snow angels. We love building frosty snowmen and snow forts in the front yard. The icicles hanging from the trees sparkle like gems. When it's really cold, we cozy up inside with hot chocolate and warm blankets. Christmas is so magical with all the twinkling lights, special music, and getting presents from Santa! We get out our sleds and head to the big hill as soon as the first flakes start falling.Each season is so different and fun in its own way. Spring's new life, summer's warm freedom, fall's pretty colors, and winter's snowy days. I feel lucky to live somewhere with four distinct seasons that really change throughout the year. There's always something new and exciting to look forward to every few months! Even when it's freezing cold or super hot, I knowanother fantastic season is just around the corner. My little hometown is the best place to experience the turn of the seasons.篇5My Hometown's Four SeasonsHi there! My name is Lily and I'm going to tell you all about the four seasons we have in my hometown. Get ready for a fun adventure through spring, summer, fall, and winter!Spring is the most magical time of year. Everything starts blooming and coming back to life after the long, cold winter. The trees grow new green leaves, and pretty flowers pop up everywhere you look. Tulips, daffodils, roses – we've got them all! My favorite flower is the cherry blossom trees that line the streets. When they bloom, it looks like it's snowing pink petals. Simply gorgeous!Springtime means lots of rain showers too. I love dancing and splashing in the puddles after a spring storm. The earthy, fresh smell in the air is one of the best parts. Spring also brings lots of baby animals! I've seen adorable little bunnies, ducklings, and even a couple of fawns in people's backyards. Easter is in thespring, and I always have a blast hunting for colorful eggs and eating lots of chocolate.After spring, summer bursts onto the scene with warm sunny days perfect for all kinds of fun outdoor activities. School is out, so I get to spend my days swimming at the lake, having picnics at the park, and riding my bike on the trails. Every weekend there are festivals, fairs, or carnivals going on with yummy carnival foods like cotton candy, caramel apples, and funnel cakes. Yum!The summer nights are beautiful too. Fireflies twinkle in the evening like little fairies dancing through the air. My friends and I catch them in jars sometimes and watch their lights blink on and off. We also love laying in the grass, looking up at the star-filled night sky. You can see so many constellations!My absolute favorite summer tradition is the 4th of July fireworks show. We pack a picnic, grab some blankets, and head to the big park for an amazing fireworks display set to patriotic music. Red, white, and blue sparkles light up the entire night sky - it's breathtaking! I always look forward to it every year.Eventually, summer gives way to fall with its crisp, cool air and gorgeous changing leaves. The trees transform into vibrant shades of red, orange, yellow, and brown. It's like the landscape is an artist's painting! Crunchy piles of fallen leaves make thebest jumping piles. My friends and I have leaf-jumping contests to see who can make the biggest mess.Fall brings fun holidays like Halloween, where we get to dress up in costumes and go trick-or-treating for candy, apple cider, and caramel apples. We carve funny faces into pumpkins and use the insides to make pumpkin pie, bread, and roasted pumpkin seeds - so tasty! Every year, my family takes a trip to a pumpkin patch to pick the perfect pumpkin. We also go apple picking and drink fresh apple cider at the orchards. Ahh, the wonderful smells of fall!My next favorite season is winter when the first snowflakes start drifting down from the sky. There's nothing more exciting than waking up to a fresh, white blanket of fluffy snow covering everything in sight! The trees are coated in sparkling snowflakes like something out of a fantasy movie. My friends and I bundle up in our warmest snow gear to go sledding, build snowmen, and have epic snowball fights. My cheeks get all rosy from the cold but I don't even mind.The holidays in winter are the most special times of all. Twinkling lights and decorations adorn every house, while the scents of warm spices and pine trees fill the air. Every year my family gets a real Christmas tree that makes the entire livingroom smell like a wintry forest. We cover it in lights, tinsel, ornaments, and a bright shining star on top. Presents spill out from underneath on Christmas morning for us to happily unwrap. Winter is pure magic!After the holidays, the snow keeps falling and we get tons of fun snow days off from school. My friends and I drag our sleds up to the biggest hill for hours of extreme sledding. We go whipping down at breakneck speeds, spraying showers of powdery snow everywhere. Hot chocolate with extra marshmallows awaits us when we go inside to thaw out our frozen toes.Eventually, winter melts away and the cycle begins all over again with spring blooms and new life reawakening. All four seasons are precious to me and filled with wonderful memories and traditions. My hometown's changing seasons are one of the many reasons why I love where I live so much. No matter what the weather, beauty and fun surrounds me all year long!篇6My Hometown's Four SeasonsSpring is my favorite time of year back home! Everything starts blooming with pretty flowers like tulips, daffodils, andcherry blossoms. The trees grow new green leaves after being bare all winter. It rains a lot in spring which makes everything smell fresh and earthy. I love playing outside without my big puffy coat on! Spring means it's time for the school's annual egg hunt and decorating eggs with my family. We dye the eggs in bright colors and my mom hides them around the backyard for me to find. Hunting for eggs is so much fun!Summer is hot, hot, hot where I live. The temperature goes way up and everyone heads to the town pool or lake to cool off. My dad takes me fishing and we spend long days on the water. We catch bass, trout, and bluegill fish. At night we have bonfires and roast marshmallows. I love the smoky smell and watching the sparks fly up into the dark sky. Fireflies blink in the fields and my friends and I try to catch them in jars. We stay up really late watching movies and there's no school! Summer means freedom.When fall comes around, everything turns beautiful shades of red, yellow, and orange. Leaves crunch under my feet when I walk. My hometown has the most stunning fall foliage. My neighbors hold pie-baking contests and we carve pumpkins into jack-o'-lanterns. I dress up for Halloween and gotrick-or-treating with my friends. We get so much candy! Thedays get shorter and cooler. We have big family Thanksgiving feasts with turkey, stuffing, mashed potatoes, and pumpkin pie. I love the smell of the fireplace and cuddling up to read books on chilly nights. Cozy sweaters and hot apple cider are the best.Then it's winter - the season for snow! Huge fluffy flakes fall from the grey skies. My brother and I make snowmen, have snowball fights, and go sledding down the big hill behind our house. Everything looks so peaceful blanketed in bright white snow. Icicles hang from the rooftops sparkling in the sun. Sometimes we get snowed in for days and do nothing but drink hot chocolate and watch the flurries through the frosty windows. My dad takes us ice skating on the frozen ponds. When it's really freezing, you can hear the ice cracking! I love building cozy fires and thawing out inside after playing hard in the snow. Winter is magical.All four seasons in my little hometown are wonderful in their own way. I feel so lucky to experience the changing weather, celebrate different holidays, and make amazing memories all year round. From blooming flowers to colorful leaves, juicy summer fruits to fresh winter snow - my hometown is a great place to live. I can't wait to see what each new season brings!。
英语作文外教征集口语课讨论的话题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Foreign English Teacher is Really Fun!I love my English classes at school because we have a foreign teacher from America who makes learning English super fun and interesting. Her name is Miss Emily and she has bright red hair and freckles all over her face. She's really pretty and always dresses in colorful dresses with big smiles on them.Miss Emily doesn't just make us read from our textbooks or do boring grammar drills like some of the other English teachers. Instead, she gets us up and moving around, playing games and having conversations about really cool topics. It makes learning English feel like we're just hanging out instead of having a regular class.Some of the best discussion topics Miss Emily comes up with are about our favorite things. One week she asked us what our favorite animals were and why. I said my favorite is the tiger because they are strong, fast cats with pretty orange and blackstripes. My best friend Mikey said his favorite is the sloth because they are so lazy and sleep all day, just like him!Another time, Miss Emily asked us to describe our favorite foods and restaurants. A lot of kids said things like pizza, hamburgers, and ice cream. But I surprised everyone by saying my favorite food is sushi, especially when it has raw fish inside. Miss Emily thought that was very mature for someone my age to like sushi. I just think the flavors are delicious when you dip the sushi in soy sauce.We've also had really engaging discussions about our hobbies and free time activities. Lots of kids shared how they love playing video games, watching cartoons, or sports like soccer and basketball. I told the class that my biggest hobby is reading comic books - I'm a huge Marvel fan, especially Spider-Man and The Avengers. Miss Emily was impressed that a young kid is such an avid reader.Sometimes Miss Emily gets us talking about bigger topics that make us think more. One discussion was about what positive changes we'd make in the world if we could. My friend Sarah said she wants to stop pollution and protect animals. Another classmate wanted to end poverty so no kids have to gohungry. I said I would use technology to make cool prosthetic limbs for anyone who needs them.Another heavy discussion was about respecting people's differences and individual traits. We talked about how everyone is unique, with different family cultures, personalities, interests, and dreams. Miss Emily taught us that we should appreciate diversity and never judge others for being themselves. I thought that was really good advice.My favorite discussion topic so far was about our future goals and what jobs we want when we grow up. There were some typical kid answers like becoming a pro athlete, YouTube star, or video game designer. But then Miss Emily asked us followup questions to explain our reasoning. That's when I stunned the class by saying I want to be an aerospace engineer! I've been obsessed with space travel since I was little and I want to design new spacecraft to explore the galaxy. Miss Emily gave me a special sticker for having such an ambitious and intellectual dream at my age.No matter what the discussion topic is, Miss Emily always finds a way to make it super engaging and fun. She gets really animated and uses lots of gestures to act things out. She'll make funny voices and noises. She praises us when we speak up andencourages everyone to participate. If someone is too shy, she gently pushes them in a caring way to get them talking.Miss Emily also doesn't judge us if we say something incorrect grammatically. Instead, she rephrases what we tried to say in a proper way, so we learn through repetition and examples. She's really patient and recasts her questions if we look confused. She passes out stickers, stamps, and small prizes to kids who make an effort.Overall, I just have a blast in Miss Emily's English oral classes. The fun discussion topics she introduces make me feel excited to speak up and practice my English conversation skills. I'm learning so much vocabulary and fluency from sharing my thoughts on engaging prompts. Plus, I get to hear perspectives from my classmates that I never considered before. In the end, Miss Emily's open classes make me look forward to learning English more than any other subject. She's the best teacher ever!篇2Fun Topics for Our English Conversation ClassesHi there! My name is Emily and I'm a 4th grader here at Sunny Valley Elementary School. Our English teacher, Miss Johnson, always lets us pick the topics we want to discuss duringour weekly conversation classes. I think that's really cool because it gets us way more interested and excited to practice speaking in English. We can pretty much talk about anything we want, as long as it's appropriate for school of course.Some of my favorite conversation topics so far have been ones related to sports, pets, video games, movies, books, foods, holidays, and more. Basically, anything fun that kids my age are really into! I'll give you some specific examples of conversations we've had and share some ideas for new topics too.One week, we spent the whole class talking about our favorite sports, sports teams, sports equipment, rules of different games, who the best players are, and so on. I really enjoyed that because I'm a huge soccer fan and play on a local team. I got to tell everyone all about my teammates, our uniforms, which positions I've played, some awesome goals I've scored, and more.A bunch of other kids spoke about baseball, basketball, football, tennis, gymnastics...pretty much any sport you can think of! It was awesome getting to geek out about our interests.Another really fun topic was pets. I mean, what kid doesn't love animals?! We went around the room and each described our pets if we had them - their names, species, personalities, funny habits or stories about them, how we take care of them, etc. Thekids without pets still got to join in by talking about their dream pet or an animal they're obsessed with at the zoo or from movies.I have a golden retriever named Buddy, so I made sure to brag all about how he's the cutest, fluffiest, most playful pup ever. We learned so many animal words and vocabulary for describing animals' appearances and behaviors.Video games are always a hit too. I play a ton of games on my Nintendo Switch, so I'm always eager to discuss my latest favorite games during those conversations. We talk about the characters, levels, controls, graphics, gameplay, coolestpower-ups or weapons, cheats or secrets, and more. Sometimes we even act out or re-tell the storylines from games, which is hilarious. Even kids who don't play certain games still find it interesting to learn about them. I'm definitely going to suggest we discuss the newest Pokemon game that just came out!Of course, movies and books make for excellent conversational fodder as well. Nothing beats dishing about the juicy drama, laughing about the funniest scenes, critiquing horrible acting, or geekingout over science fiction or fantasy worlds. We've covered all kinds of films and novels, from big blockbuster hits to smaller indie fare. Sometimes, if a movie or book is based on something super popular, we'll do skits or writemini-scripts in class to re-enact our favorite parts from them in English. It's such an engaging way to practice our speaking skills while also getting those creative juices flowing.Food is one of my personal favorite topics. Whether it's rating and describing different snacks or dishes, sharing family recipes, discussing weird food combinations, talking about holiday feasts, or anything else food-related, I'm all for it. I vividly remember one amazing conversation we had about desserts, where kids brought in examples for show-and-tell and we got to sample tons of cookies, cakes, candies, and other sugary treats as we described their flavors, textures, and appearance. It was a deliciously educational experience.Another thing we love discussing is holidays and the different traditions, activities, foods, and customs surrounding them. That always leads to super fascinating cultural sharing and comparisons between how holidays are celebrated by each of our families. For example, we had a lively debate leading up to Christmas about whether the holiday's colors should be red and green or blue and silver. Kids brought in examples of decorations, ornaments, wrapping paper, and other holiday-themed items from their homes to illustrate their points. We do the same forother holidays too like Halloween, Thanksgiving, Chinese New Year, Diwali, and more.Those are just a few examples of the awesome, engaging topics we've covered so far in our English conversation classes. Basically, anything that lets kids get excited, share personal experiences and opinions, be creative, and have fun while practicing speaking is fair game. That's the brilliant thing - the opportunities for discussing interesting subjects is practically endless!Going forward, I have a ton of new ideas I'd love for us to explore too. For instance, I think it could be super cool if we did a few sessions discussing our favorite books, movies, TV shows, or video games in specific genres like science fiction, fantasy, mysteries, animation, superheroes, or anything else. That way we could go really in-depth exploring the unique worlds, characters, and lore within those genres rather than just breezing through broader overviews.Another idea could be taking turns bringing in special items, toys, or collections that are important to us and doingshow-and-tells where we describe them and share related stories.I have a huge Pokémon ca rd collection I'd love to showcase, and I'm sure others have neat things like sports equipment, artprojects, historical artifacts, cultural pieces, and more that they're passionate about too.We could even spend classes discussing more seriousreal-world topics that affect us, like environmental issues, social causes, future career aspirations, or issues affecting kids our age. Those could spark amazing conversations where we get to learn from each other's perspectives and backgrounds. As long as the subjects aren't too heavy or inappropriate for elementary schoolers, having debates and discussions about meaningful topics would be an awesome way to flex our critical thinking skills.Oh, and I just had one more brilliant idea as I'm writing this - what if we did entire classes based around exploring the languages, cultures, foods, traditions, and more of different countries around the world? We have such an amazingly diverse group of students at our school, so we could take turns each week focusing on a country of a student's heritage or ancestry. We'd get delicious food samples, learn unique vocabulary and phrases, and become experts in the histories and cultures of so many global regions. How incredibly enriching would that be?!Well, those are just some humble ideas and thoughts from me, a 4th grade English language learner who just wants to keephaving as much fun as possible while practicing speaking skills. Whether Miss Johnson has us discuss pets, holidays, movies, or literally anything else, I'm always game as long as it's an engaging way to learn. My fellow students probably have a million other amazing topic ideas too.At the end of the day, the best conversation class topics are simply ones that get kids jabbering away enthusiastically in English without even realizing how much we're learning and growing our skills. Keeping things light, creative, interactive, inclusive of everyone's interests, and most importantly, super fun and engaging...that's the recipe for an A+ conversational experience if you ask me! Thanks for reading, and happy discussing!篇3My Class is Getting an English Conversation Teacher!I'm so excited because our teacher told us that we're going to have a special English teacher come visit our class soon. She said this new teacher is from another country and only speaks English, so we'll get to practice our English conversation skills with a real live native speaker! How cool is that?The best part is that we get to pick the topics we want to talk about in the English classes. Our regular teacher said to start thinking about subjects that interest us so we can make suggestions. She said the more engaged and interested we are in the topics, the more fun it will be to practice speaking in a foreign language.There are so many awesome possibilities! I've been racking my brain trying to come up with great ideas. I started by thinking about my favorite things. I love animals more than anything, so maybe we could talk about cool animals like lions, tigers, elephants and pandas. We could discuss what they look like, where they live, what they eat, and fun facts about them.Or what about if we picked某些娱乐主題like movies, TV shows, video games, sports, music or books? I'd definitely vote for talking about the latest superhero movies - I'm obsessed with all the Marvel and DC heroes and villains. We could describe the characters and storylines, and debate which ones are the coolest or have the best super powers.Another idea is learning about different cultures, countries and traditions around the world. It would be so fascinating to hear firsthand about the culture the English teacher is from. What kinds of foods, holidays, music, dances and customs dothey have? We could also pick other countries to research and teach each other about.I think it would be really interesting to have conversations about history too. We're learning about ancient civilizations like Rome, Greece, Egypt and China in our regular classes, so we could go more in depth on those. Or we could focus on important events and time periods like the Renaissance, the American Revolution, or the exploration of the New World. I bet the English teacher could give us a unique perspective we don't get from our textbooks.If we want to go more modern, we could discuss technological innovations and advancements like smartphones, computers, video games, the internet, artificial intelligence and robotics. Or we could talk about solving problems facing our world today such as climate change, pollution, poverty, and protecting animals and the rainforests. Those kinds of serious topics would really let us practice explaining our thoughts and opinions in English.No matter what subjects we pick, I know it's going to be an awesome experience. Our regular teacher has been working so hard to get us ready by teaching us vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation and conversation basics. I've been practicing myEnglish every chance I get - even driving my parents crazy by narrating everything I do around the house in English!I can't wait to meet the new English teacher. I'm a little nervous about speaking another language with someone who doesn't know my native one. But I'm way more excited to put all my English skills to use in real conversations. No matter how intimidating it might seem at first, I know it's going to be an incredible opportunity to become a better English speaker.My friends and I have already been debating what we want to talk about in the English classes. Brian really wants to do sports - not just viewing them but learning the rules and how to play different games. He's a total jock so I know he'll nerd out on the specifics and techniques of football, basketball, baseball and soccer.Sara is very artistic so her top choice is discussing different forms of art like painting, music, dance, theater, poetry and literature. She's always doodling little masterpieces and analyzing the deeper meanings of books and lyrics. Sara would definitely thrive talking about the creative expression behind art.Jacob is a huge history buff who loves watching documentary shows about ancient times, wars, royalty and world explorers. So I know he'll lobby hard for lessons on history andmajor events that shaped civilization over the centuries. Maybe we could even pick key historical figures to research and lead presentations about their lives and legacies.I'm going to suggest my idea about learning different cultures, traditions and customs from around the globe. I think it would be eye-opening to hear direct from the English teacher about the culture they grew up in. Plus it would allow us to take turns teaching each other about other societies we're curious to understand better.No matter what direction we go, I have a feeling these English conversation classes are going to be the highlight of our school year. It's going to be so stimulating putting our English into practice while expanding our knowledge about fascinating topics. I can't wait to get started!。
五年级下册英语最喜欢的节日范文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Favorite Holiday – ChristmasHolidays are the best time of the year for kids like me! We get a break from school, get to sleep in late, and best of all, we get presents! Of all the holidays, my favorite by far is Christmas. I love everything about it – the decorations, the music, the food, and of course, the gifts! Let me tell you all about why Christmas is so special to me.First off, the decorations are just magical. Our whole neighborhood gets decked out with twinkling lights, inflatable Santas, and reindeer on the roofs. My mom goes a little overboard decorating our house too. We have a huge tree in the living room covered in ornaments, tinsel, and lights. She also hangs wreaths, stockings, and garlands everywhere. I especially love the little village scene she sets up on our fireplace mantel with little ceramic houses, trees, and figurines. It's like a tiny winter wonderland!Then there's the music. As soon as Thanksgiving is over, my mom starts blasting Christmas tunes nonstop. We have satellite radio in the car, and she immediately switches it to theall-holiday music channel. At first, I pretend to be annoyed by songs like "Jingle Bells" and "Frosty the Snowman" playing on repeat. But after a while, I catch myself singing along. I have to admit, classics like "Silent Night" and fun songs like "Feliz Navidad" do get me in the Christmas spirit.Food is another huge part of the holiday for my family. My mom is an amazing baker, and she goes all out making dozens of different kinds of Christmas cookies, candies, and other treats. We make gingerbread houses from scratch and decorate them with all kinds of candies and icing. She makes delicious pies like pumpkin and pecan. And for our big Christmas dinner, we have a huge feast with a honey-baked ham, sweet potatoes with marshmallows, green bean casserole, and more food than we could ever eat. I look forward to those special holiday foods all year long!But like any kid, my favorite part of Christmas is definitely the presents. My siblings and I write our Christmas lists with pages and pages of toys, video games, books, and other things we want. Then we spend weeks shaking wrapped boxes, trying toguess what's inside. The anticipation is crazy! On Christmas morning, we leap out of bed at the crack of dawn to see what Santa brought. I love ripping off the wrapping paper and seeing the looks on my brothers' and sisters' faces when they open something they really wanted. Of course, I'm just as excited to get my own presents too. Last year, I got the newest game console I had been begging for all year. This year, I'm hoping for a drone or virtual reality headset.After we open all our gifts from Santa, we have a huge breakfast of pancakes, sausage, bacon, and fresh-squeezed orange juice. Then we get ready to spend the rest of the day at our grandparents' house celebrating with the rest of our family. More presents from aunts, uncles, and cousins, along with a ton of delicious food my grandma cooked. We play games, watch movies, and just enjoy being together. By the end of the day, I'm completely stuffed and exhausted from an awesome Christmas!Those are the main reasons why I absolutely love Christmas. It's such a cozy, festive, joy-filled time of year. From the twinkling lights to the sugary treats to the mountain of presents, everything about it is magical. Christmas is all about spending quality time with the people you love most and makingincredible memories. That's why it will always be my favorite holiday, no matter how old I get. Merry Christmas, everyone!篇2My Favorite Holiday: ChristmasChristmas is definitely my favorite holiday of the year! I look forward to it for months and months. There are so many amazing things about Christmas that make it special.First of all, I love all the decorations for Christmas. My family puts up a huge tree in our living room every year. We cover it with strings of colorful lights and all kinds of ornaments - some are homemade from when my brother and I were little, and others are fancy glass ornaments shaped like Santa Claus, reindeer, bells, and more. We have a tradition of getting a new special ornament every year too. Underneath the tree, we arrange a little village scene with tiny houses, shops, trees, and even a model train that goes around the whole thing. It looks magical, especially when the tree lights are on at night.Outside our house, we hang lights along the roof and around the bushes and trees in our yard. Our neighbors do the same, so the whole neighborhood looks so festive and bright! Some houses go really overboard with inflatable snowmen andSantas, flashing lights synchronized to music, and huge displays.I like the more simple ones best, but the crazy ones are fun to look at too. There are also lots of Christmas decorations around town - garlands and wreaths hanging on the streetlamps, a huge Christmas tree in the town square, and stores have their windows all decorated. Everything is so pretty with red, green, gold, and white everywhere you look.Another thing I love about Christmas is all the special food and treats. For our Christmas dinner, my mom makes a delicious roast turkey with stuffing, mashed potatoes, sweet potato casserole, green bean casserole, cranberry sauce, and warm rolls. It's an amazing feast! But my very favorite are all the sweets and desserts. We bake dozens and dozens of Christmas cookies - sugar cookies frosted like Santa and his reindeer, gingerbread people, peanut butter blossoms with a chocolate kiss in the middle, spritz cookies shaped like trees and snowflakes...I could go on and on. We also make fudge, pies, and my dad's famous trifle. I eat so many sweets in December but it's worth feeling a little sick!Starting in mid-December, my family also gets together with friends, relatives, and neighbors to attend and host Christmas parties. There's usually an ugly Christmas sweater party whereeveryone wears the craziest, ugliest holiday sweater they can find. At the neighborhood party, we have a white elephant gift exchange where people bring weird gifts from home to swap. Sometimes there are contests for the best Christmas outfit or craziest socks. We play holiday music, eat way too many cookies and treats, and just enjoy being together. Those parties are so much fun!But my absolute favorite moment of Christmas is Christmas Eve night. Our whole extended family gets together at my grandparents' house. We have an amazing turkey dinner with all the trimmings. Afterward, the little kids put on a short Christmas play or concert for the grownups. Then we go into the living room and people take turns passing out the mountain of presents. We have to go in a specific order from youngest to oldest, and little kids who can't read yet have a big person to help them identify what gift is for who. Opening presents takes forever because every single one has to be oohed and ahhed over by the whole crowd before we move to the next gift.When all the wrapping paper is cleared away, we get cozy on the couches to watch a classic Christmas movie together while snacking on grandma's famous Christmas cookies and hot chocolate with marshmallows. Sometimes my older cousins and Itry to sneak away to play with our new toys but we never get very far before being called back. At the very end of the night, just before we reluctantly leave for home, we gather around the piano and sing Christmas carols together. I just love that feeling of being surrounded by my whole big, noisy, loving family celebrating this magical night. We're all so happy and excited for Christmas finally arriving tomorrow.In the morning my brother and I are up at the crack of dawn, of course. We run to see what Santa brought overnight. Then we spend the whole day in our cozy pajamas, taking turns with our new toys and watching more Christmas movies in a room stuffed full of crumpled wrapping paper, new boxes, and half-eaten plates of cookies. Going to bed that night is sad because it means Christmas is over for another year. But that just makes me even more excited to start the buildup all over again next December. I love this most wonderful time of the year!篇3My Favorite Holiday – ChristmasChristmas is my favorite holiday of the year! It's a time filled with joy, love, and lots of fun activities. I always get so excitedwhen December rolls around because that means Christmas is just around the corner.One of the things I love most about Christmas is decorating the house. My family and I have a tradition of putting up our Christmas tree together on the first weekend of December. We blast Christmas music and sing along while hanging up all the ornaments and lights. My favorite part is putting the star on top of the tree – I always beg my dad to lift me up so I can be the one to place it there. After the tree is done, we decorate the rest of the house with wreaths, garlands, and other festive decorations. It's so much fun and makes our home look and smell amazing!Another thing I really enjoy about Christmas is all the delicious food. My mom is an excellent baker, and she always makes the most incredible Christmas cookies. She lets me help her decorate them with frosting and sprinkles, which is my favorite part. We also have a tradition of making gingerbread houses every year. It's a bit messy, but it's so much fun to construct the little houses and then decorate them with all sorts of candies. Of course, Christmas dinner is always a highlight too. We have a big feast with turkey, ham, mashed potatoes, and all the trimmings. I always eat way too much, but it's worth it because everything tastes so good!One of the most exciting parts of Christmas for me is the presents. I start making my wish list months in advance and can hardly contain my excitement as Christmas morning approaches. On Christmas Eve, my family and I go to church for a special candlelight service, which is always beautiful. When we get home, we leave out milk and cookies for Santa before going to bed. I try my best to fall asleep quickly so that Christmas morning will come sooner!When I wake up on Christmas morning, I rush to the living room to see what Santa has left under the tree. My parents always make us wait until they've had their coffee before we can start opening presents, which is pure torture! But once we get the go-ahead, it's a flurry of ripping open wrapping paper and squeals of delight. I always feel so grateful for the gifts I receive, but truthfully, just being with my family and enjoying the day together is the best present of all.After opening presents, we have a big Christmas breakfast with pancakes, sausage, and hot chocolate. Then we spend the rest of the day playing with our new toys and games, watching Christmas movies, and just relaxing together as a family. Sometimes we even have a snowball fight if there's fresh snow on the ground!As the day winds down, we have our amazing Christmas dinner and then curl up by the fire to read Christmas stories and sing carols. I always feel so cozy and content, surrounded by the people I love most in the world.Christmas is truly a magical time of year, and I cherish all the wonderful traditions and memories it brings. From the twinkling lights and decorations to the delicious food and quality time with family, it's a holiday that fills my heart with joy and happiness. I know I'm still young, but I hope I never outgrow the excitement and wonder of Christmas. It's a special time that I look forward to every single year.篇4My Favorite HolidayHolidays are the best times of the year! There's no school, you get to sleep in late, and there are usually fun activities and tasty treats. Every holiday has its own special traditions and meanings. However, my absolute favorite holiday of them all is Christmas. I love everything about it - the decorations, the food, the music, and especially the presents! Let me tell you all about why Christmas is so awesome.First off, the decorations for Christmas are just magical. Twinkling lights line the houses, holly and mistletoe hang from the doorways, and colorful ornaments dangle from fresh pine trees. My family puts up our tree right after Thanksgiving and I love helping to decorate it. We have boxes full of ornaments we've collected over the years - delicate glass balls, wooden figures, even some made of popsicle sticks from when I was in preschool. We string lights around the tree branches and then carefully hang each special ornament. The tree looks so beautiful when it's finally done, almost like a sparkling jewel.At school, we make all sorts of decorations too. We cut out intricate paper snowflakes to tape up on the windows. We color pictures of Santa and his reindeer, and draw Christmas trees covered in tinsel and ornaments. My favorite decorations are the ones we make out of popsicle sticks - little sleds, snowmen, candy canes and more. Those always turn out so cute and creative. Our classroom looks so festive and cheery by the time we're done!Another thing I absolutely love about Christmas is the food. There are so many delicious treats that you can only get this time of year. My mouth waters just thinking about it! Every year, my mom bakes dozens and dozens of cookies - sugar cookiescovered in sprinkles, chocolate crinkles, peanut butter blossoms with a Hershey's Kiss stuck in the middle. She packages them up in decorative tins to give as gifts to our friends and neighbors. Whenever I walk into our kitchen in December, the smells of warm vanilla, melting chocolate and buttery dough fill the air. It's heavenly!We also go over to my grandma's house for more amazing Christmas food. She makes the most wonderful fruit bread - dense and moist with plump raisins, dates, oranges and nuts baked right in. She slices it up and we smother it in creamy butter. For dessert, she serves a luscious red velvet cake with thick cream cheese frosting. She decorates the top with sprinkles or crushed peppermint to make it look extra festive. After we're done gorging on sweets, we sit around sipping hot cocoa topped with mini marshmallows. I seriously can't get enough of my grandma's incredible holiday cooking.When I'm not stuffing my face with sugary treats, I love listening to the sounds of Christmas music everywhere I go. At the shopping malls, over the grocery store speakers, even on my mom's car radio - those happy, nostalgic jingles are simply unavoidable (but I don't mind one bit!). My favorites are the real classics like "Jingle Bells," "Frosty the Snowman," and "Rudolphthe Red-Nosed Reindeer." I know every single word and sing along loudly and proudly. Sometimes my little sister complains and tells me I'm getting the lyrics wrong, but I just keep on belting out those merry tunes.To me, Christmas really is the most wonderful time of the year. From the twinkling decorations to the delicious smells wafting from the kitchen to the jovial sounds of holiday music everywhere, the entire month of December is just overflowing with merriment and cheer. And of course, I can't forget about the joy of picking out the perfect present and the look of delight on someone's face as they open it. That's what Christmas is all about, isn't it? Spending quality time with your loved ones, making warm family memories, and spreading happiness through the giving of heartfelt gifts. I cherish this holiday so much and every year I wish it could last forever. Maybe one year Santa will grant me that wish - a child can dream, right?篇5My Favorite Holiday - Christmas!Hi there! My name is Jamie and I'm a 5th grader. Today I want to tell you all about my absolute favorite holiday - Christmas! I look forward to Christmas every single year becauseit's just the most magical, wonderful time. There are so many things I love about it.First off, I love the decorations and festive atmosphere everywhere you go in December. My family puts up our Christmas tree right after Thanksgiving. Decorating the tree is so much fun - we play Christmas music, drink hot chocolate, and take turns hanging up all the ornaments and lights. Some are old ones we've had for years that have special meanings, and some are new ones we get each year. My favorite ones are the handmade ornaments I've made over the years at school with popsicle sticks, pipe cleaners, and lots of glitter!Our tree looks so pretty all lit up at night. We also hang wreaths on the doors, put up lights outside, and my mom sets up a decorative holiday village scene on our mantle. Seeing all the twinkling lights and decorations around the neighborhood gets me excited for the big day.Another thing I absolutely love about Christmas is getting to spend time with extended family. My aunt, uncle, and cousins come over to our house every Christmas Eve. We have a huge dinner with all the traditional foods like turkey, stuffing, mashed potatoes, cranberry sauce, and pie for dessert. After dinner, we let the younger kids open one present each before bedtime.Then once they've gone to sleep, the adults stay up late drinking eggnog and wrapping more presents to put under the tree!On Christmas morning, we wake up super early because we can't wait to see what Santa brought! My cousins and I run downstairs in our pajamas as soon as our parents give us the okay. The living room is totally covered in presents under the tree and in our stockings. We spend the whole morning taking turns opening gifts one by one. I love seeing the excitement on everyone's faces when they open something they really wanted. And I have to admit, I get a little spoiled with how many presents I get from my parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles! This year I got a new art set with colored pencils and sketchbooks, some cool new video games, and lots of warm fuzzy pajamas and slippers.After all the chaos of opening gifts, we have a big Christmas brunch/lunch with things like eggs, sausages, waffles, hot chocolate, and cinnamon rolls. We spend the whole day just hanging out, eating yummy food, and the adults letting us kids play with our new toys and games. At night we have another big dinner, this time with ham and all the fixings. We stuff ourselves full and then maybe watch a Christmas movie together beforemy aunt, uncle, and cousins have to head home. It's such a fun day from start to finish!But you know what I think might be the highlight of Christmas for me? Baking Christmas cookies and treats with my mom and sisters! We make a whole production of it starting a week or two before the 25th. We bake classic sugar cookies that we can decorate with sprinkles and icing. We make Russian tea cakes which are these little powdery snowball shaped cookies. There are thumbprint jam cookies, gingerbread men, peanut butter blossoms with Hershey kisses on top, peppermint meringues, chocolate crinkle cookies...we go a little overboard but they're so delicious! My favorite are the soft, pillowy snowball cookies covered in powdered sugar. While we bake, we listen to Christmas music and drink hot chocolate.Once everything is baked and cooled, we arrange all the treats on platters and make sure to sample plenty ourselves. Then we package some up in tins or boxes to give out as gifts to friends, teachers, and neighbors. Delivering the cookie gifts around the neighborhood is so fun because you get to see all the pretty light displays and decorations everywhere. I'm always a little sad when we run out of cookies after Christmas and have to wait another whole year to bake them again!I also really enjoy some of the other traditions we do each December, like going to look at the neighborhood with the amazing light displays they do every year (they always have music, animations, the whole nine yards!). Or going to get hot chocolate and candy canes at the local coffee shop that has holiday specials. Watching all the classic Christmas movies like Elf, The Polar Express, Home Alone, and so many others. Listening to Christmas songs in the car wherever we go. Those little things are what make the whole season feel so cozy and exciting.It's a bummer that it only comes around once a year! I wish I could bottle up the magic of Christmas so it could last all year long. But then again, I guess that's part of what makes it so anticipated and beloved. From the moment our Christmas篇6My Favorite Holiday: ChristmasChristmas is definitely my favorite holiday of the year! I love everything about it - the decorations, the music, the food, and especially the presents. Christmas is a magical time that makes me feel all warm and fuzzy inside.The best part about Christmas has to be getting presents. I start making my Christmas list months in advance, scouring toy catalogs and circling everything I want. I always ask for lots of toys, video games, books, clothes, and whatever else catches my eye. On Christmas morning, I wake up super early and race downstairs to see what Santa brought me. Ripping open the shiny wrapping paper to reveal my new treasures is so exciting!However, I know the true meaning of Christmas isn't just about getting presents. It's also a special time to spend with family. My mom goes all out decorating our house for Christmas. We have a huge tree in the living room covered in twinkling lights and ornaments. I love helping her hang up the ornaments and stringing lights around the windows and banister. She also makes the most amazing Christmas cookies - sugar cookies, gingerbread men, peanut butter blossoms. Our house always smells incredible during the holidays.My dad gets really into decorating the outside of the house too. He puts up thousands of lights along the roof and hangs wreaths on all the windows. Sometimes our house is so brightly lit, you can probably see it from space! We also love driving around town at night to look at all the Christmas light displays. People get so creative with their decorations.On Christmas Eve, we always go to my grandparents' house for a big family dinner. It's pretty much the only time of year when my whole extended family gets together. We have a huge feast with turkey, ham, mashed potatoes, stuffing, cranberry sauce, and tons of other delicious food. After dinner, we'll gather around the fireplace and my grandpa will read "'Twas the Night Before Christmas." By the end, all the cousins are getting antsy, hoping Santa will hurry up and come already!When we finally get home on Christmas Eve, my brother and I have to go right to sleep so Santa can come. It's always the longest night of the year waiting for morning to arrive! Finally, around 6am, my brother and I can't take it anymore. We race downstairs in our pajamas to see the glory under the tree. Shredded wrapping paper starts flying everywhere as we excitedly open our presents. For the next few hours, we'll play with our new toys and games, taking occasional breaks to have Christmas morning cinnamon rolls or hot chocolate.Christmas afternoon is nice and relaxing. We'll watch Christmas movies while snacking on leftovers and cookies. Then in the evening, we get dressed up and go back to my grandparents' for another big family party. We'll play games,exchange more gifts with cousins, aunts and uncles, have Christmas karaoke...it's just a really fun time.When I was little, my parents did a great job making Christmas seem truly magical. I remember waking up in the middle of the night one year and tiptoeing to the top of the stairs. I'll never forget the sight of my dad dressed up as Santa Claus, putting presents under the tree! He saw me peeking through the banister and put his finger to his lips telling me to go back to bed. I've never been more convinced Santa was real.Now that I'm a little older, I know the truth that my parents were playing Santa. But Christmas still seems every bit as magical to me. I love all the fun traditions we have as a family to celebrate. The decorations, food, presents, family time...it all comes together to make Christmas the most wonderful time of the year.I can't wait until I'm older and can make it an even more special holiday for my own kids someday. But for now, I'm going to keep enjoying every second of Christmas while I can!。
英语作文给美国笔友回复寒假安排全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hey there, my American friend! I'm so excited to share with you all the awesome things I have planned for my upcoming winter break. It's going to be an absolute blast, and I can't wait to tell you every single detail!First things first, let me just say that I'm counting down the days until school is finally over. Don't get me wrong, I love learning and seeing my friends every day, but there's just something special about having a long break from the usual routine. It's like a little taste of freedom, you know?Anyway, as soon as the last bell rings on the last day of school before break, my family and I are hitting the road for a good old-fashioned road trip! We're packing up our trusty minivan and heading straight to the mountains for a week of skiing and snowboarding. I've been practicing my snowplow and pizza wedge techniques all year, and I'm feeling pretty confident that I'll be shredding down those slopes like a total pro.Speaking of books, you better believe I've got a stack of new reads lined up for the break. I'm particularly excited about this brand-new fantasy series that all my friends have been raving about. From what I've heard, it's got dragons, wizards, and maybe even a few talking animals thrown in for good measure. Count me in!But wait, there's more! After our week in the mountains,we're heading back home to get ready for the ultimate holiday extravaganza. I'm talking about decorating the house from top to bottom with lights, garlands, and enough tinsel to make a disco ball jealous. My mom always goes a little overboard, but that's what makes it so much fun!And let's not forget about the baking! Every year, my grandma comes over, and we spend an entire day whipping up batches upon batches of cookies, cakes, and other delectable treats. I'm already dreaming about those sugar-coated snickerdoodles and the gooey, chocolatey brownies. Yum!After the presents have been unwrapped and the wrapping paper has been cleaned up, it's time for the big family feast. We're talking about a table loaded down with turkey, ham, mashed potatoes, stuffing, cranberry sauce, and more side dishes than you篇2Dear American Pen Pal,Greetings from China! I'm so excited to tell you all about my amazing winter break coming up. We get an entire month off from school! Can you believe that? A whole month to sleep in, play games, and have fun. I'm counting down the days.First thing I plan to do is sleep late every single morning. No more waking up at 6am for school. During the break, I'm going to sleep until at least 10am every day. My mom will probably try to wake me up earlier, but I'll just roll over and keep snoozing. She always says "The early bird gets the worm!", but I don't even like worms. I'd much rather be a sleepy sloth!Once I finally get out of bed, I'll have a huge breakfast. Maybe pancakes or waffles piled high with whipped cream and syrup. Or a giant bowl of sugary cereal. My parents are usually pretty strict about eating healthy during the school year, but they loosen up a bit over break. I can't wait to eat all the junk food my heart desires!After fueling up on a delicious breakfast, I'll settle in on the couch to play video games all day long. I've been desperately waiting to play the new Marvel superhero game that just cameout. I'm going to create my own original superhero character and explore amazing new worlds and cities. When I need a break from games, I'll read some comic books or watch silly cartoons on TV. Basically, a total veg-out day on the couch!Some days, my parents will probably force me to go outside and "get some fresh air." They always nag me about exercising and running around. On those days, we'll probably go on a family hike or bike ride. I'll complain the whole time about how exhausted I am and how my feet hurt. But secretly, I'll enjoy being outside in the crisp winter air.I also really hope it snows during the break! The meteorologists are predicting a few potential snowstorms heading our way. I'll be glued to the TV and internet, tracking upcoming snowfall. As soon as those first flakes start falling, I'll be outside sculpting the most epic snow forts and snow people. My friends and I will have inspired snowball battles for neighborhood dominance. I'm a seasoned snowball fighter and two-time champion of last year's winter break competition. My arm is ready to defend the title!About halfway through the break, we'll leave on a family vacation for a week or so. My parents haven't told us kids where we're going yet, but I'm really hoping for somewhere warm andsunny to escape the cold. Maybe Hawaii or Florida? Somewhere I can swim in the ocean, build sandcastles on the beach, and run around in shorts and a t-shirt. No winter coats needed! Or maybe we'll go somewhere really cool with cool attractions like Disneyland or Universal Studios. As long as it's not another boring museum or historical tour, I'll be happy.When we return from the family vacation, the countdown to the end of break will be on. I'll savor every last second by staying up late, sleeping in even later, and generally ignoring any rules or schedule. My parents always get grumpy that last week and start trying to reinforce bedtimes and healthy habits to prepare for going back to school. But I'll resist as long as possible!On the very last day before school starts again, we always have a special tradition. My mom makes all my favorite foods - pizza, hamburgers, French fries, ice cream, you name it. Then we'll rent a bunch of movies, buy tons of snacks and candy, and just veg out on the couch altogether one final time. It's our epic Send-Off to Winter Break party, and I look forward to it every year. When that day is over, I'll be really sad that break is done. But at least I have tons of fun memories to look back on!Well, that's my winter break in a nutshell! A solid month of sleeping, eating, gaming, relaxing, playing in the snow, andgoing on a family vacation. I wish it could last even longer, but I'll be sure to soak up every second of this sweet freedom while it lasts. What are your winter break plans? I hope you'll get to have just as much fun as me! Let me know!Your American Pen Pal,篇3Dear Sam,Hi there! It's me, your pen pal Michael from China. I'm so excited to tell you all about my winter break coming up. We get almost a whole month off from school this year! Isn't that awesome?My winter break officially starts on January 13th. I can't wait for that final bell to ring on the last day before the holidays. You know how it is - everyone will be bouncing off the walls, too antsy to concentrate on lessons. I'll race out of class and head straight home to start my vacation.The first few days I'll probably just laze around the house in my pajamas. I'll sleep in as late as my mom allows, catch up on all my favorite TV shows and video games, and pig out on snacks. A total veg-out after a tiring semester of schoolwork! My parentswill get annoyed with me being a couch potato before too long though.After a couple days of recharging, the real fun begins. My grandparents live in a rural village a few hours away from the city, and we always go visit them for at least a week over break. I look forward to this part so much every year! It's like going back in time.Their village is so small and quaint, with old stone houses and winding alleyways. Not many people have cars, and the roads are too narrow anyway. Everyone gets around on foot or bicycle. It's a totally different pace of life from the hustle and bustle of the city I'm used to.My grandparents have the most wonderful courtyard house. It's probably over 100 years old, built with gray bricks and curvy terracotta roofs. Inside, there's an open-air courtyard with a tile floor, surrounded by rooms on all sides. My favorite is the big kitchen with the wood stove that my grandma cooks on. No modern appliances or electric stoves here! Just a big cast iron wok over an open flame.The country air is so fresh and clean compared to the city smog. And at night, you can actually see millions of brilliant stars dusting the pitch-black sky. It's magical! In the mornings, I wakeup to roosters crowing and the breeze rustling through bamboo groves.My grandparents are both farmers, so we help out with chores on their little plot of land. This usually involves slopping out water troughs for the pigs and chickens, pulling weeds from the veggie garden, or gathering freshly laid eggs from the coop. Sometimes if we time it right, we get to help during the rice harvest by carrying bundles of cut stalks.The work is tiring for a city kid like me, but it's also really fun and satisfying in a simple way. Grandpa always rewards us after with a snack like candied sweet potato strips or warm peanut milk. That stuff tastes like heaven when you've earned it!In the afternoons, we have plenty of free time to wander around the village hiking little footpaths or exploring the hills and woods. We'll pick wild berries and nuts, catch fish with bamboo poles in the stream, and spy on flitting birds and scampering critters. One time we even spotted an adorable family of hedgehogs snuffling around! Grandpa has taught me all about the local edible plants and wildlife.On cold nights, the whole village heads inside to stay cozy. We'll gather around the stove and sip hot pu'er tea as grandpa tells ghost stories and folktales by the flickering flames. Grandmateaches me traditional Chinese games like dou di zhu and mah jong that have been played for centuries. Sometimes the neighbors come over and we'll all work on handicrafts like basket weaving or dough figurine sculpting. These traditions have been passed down for so many generations.After a blissful week or so in the village, we'll pack back up and return home to the city. Mom and dad have to go back to work, but I'll still have a couple more weeks of freedom left. That's when my friends and I get to run delightfully wild!We have big dreams of building the most epic snow fort ever this year, complete with turrets, parapets, and a massive courtyard for epic snowball battles. Last year's castle was pretty sweet, but we're determined to outdo ourselves. This is war!We'll stockpile icy ammo for the biggest fight the neighborhood has ever seen.When we get sick of freezing our buns off, we'll retreat inside clutching mugs of steamingchocolate and compare our hauls of pogs, marbles, and Pokemon cards collected from victorious raids on other forts. The spoils of war! Maybe we'll binge-watch some movies or read comics if anyone can sit still that long.As the break starts winding down, I always feel that pang of sadness knowing I have to go back to early mornings, homework,and sitting at a desk all day again soon. But at least I'll be refreshed and recharged from weekssleeping late, goofing off with my crew, and getting in touch with my roots.Getting a whole month to experience both the rural ancestral lifestyle in the village and then just being a rambunctious kid again in the city is the perfect balance. By the time that first day of school rolls around and the new semester kicks off, I'll be ready to hit the books again with renewed energy and appreciation. Until then though, it's full steam ahead into holiday adventures!I hope you've enjoyed this snapshot into how I'll be living it up over winter vacation. A mix of lazy lounging, agricultural activities, snacking on granny's cooking, roughhousing with friends, and making the most of my final glorious weeks of freedom. What are your big plans for the upcoming break? Can't wait to hear all about the wild times you get up to as well! Wishing you a wonderful winter full of fun, rest, and rejuvenation.Talk to you soon,Michael篇4Dear Pen Pal,I hope this letter finds you in good health and high spirits. I was very happy to receive your letter and learn about your winter vacation plans. I can't wait to share mine with you!During the winter break, I have lots of fun activities planned. First, I will spend some quality time with my family. We will decorate our house together with colorful lights and beautiful ornaments. We will also put up a big Christmas tree and decorate it with shiny baubles and glittering tinsel. It's always so much fun to see our house transform into a winter wonderland!On Christmas Eve, my family and I will attend a special church service. We will sing Christmas carols and listen to the story of the birth of Jesus. It's a very important and meaningful time for us. After the service, we will gather around the fireplace, drink hot cocoa, and exchange gifts. I'm really excited to see what surprises await me this year!Apart from the Christmas celebrations, I will also be participating in some fun winter activities. If there is enough snow, I will go sledding with my friends. We will find a big hill and slide down on our sleds, laughing and screaming all the way! It's such a thrilling experience. We will also have snowball fights and build snowmen. I love making snow angels too!Since I love reading, I plan to spend a lot of time immersed in books during the winter break. I will visit the library and borrow some interesting storybooks and comics. I love getting lost in magical worlds and going on adventures with the characters. Reading is my favorite way to relax and unwind.Lastly, I will also be helping my mom with some baking. We will make delicious cookies and cakes together. I enjoy measuring the ingredients, mixing the batter, and of course, tasting the sweet treats afterward. It's always a messy but fun experience!I'm really looking forward to my winter vacation and I can't wait to hear more about yours. Please tell me all about the activities you have planned and the things you enjoy doing during your break.Wishing you a joyful and memorable winter vacation!Your friend,[Your Name]我希望这篇作文能满足你的需求！如果你有任何其他问题或需要进一步帮助，请随时告诉我。
第四单元英语作业六年级下册作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Favorite Holiday - ChristmasChristmas is definitely my favorite holiday of the year! I look forward to it for months and months. The decorations, the presents, the special food, and being off from school makes it such an exciting and fun time.One of the best parts is decorating the house and putting up the Christmas tree. My family has this huge box full of ornaments and lights that we've collected over the years. Some of the ornaments are old ones I made back in preschool with popsicle sticks and glitter. Others are fancy glass balls or little figurines. We spend an entire evening hanging them up on the tree along with strings of colored lights. The tree looks so pretty when it's all lit up at night, with the ornaments twinkling in the lights.We also decorate the rest of the house with wreaths, garlands, snowmen figurines, and other decorations. My favorite is this inflatable Santa Claus that we put on the front lawn that istaller than me! Some neighborhoods have crazy light displays, but I think our house looks nice and festive.Another exciting part is making my Christmas list for Santa and writing him a letter. I have to be really good all year long so I'll get the presents I ask for. Usually I ask for things like video games, Lego sets, books, sports equipment, or clothes. My little brother still believes in Santa Claus, so he leaves out cookies and carrots for Santa and his reindeer on Christmas Eve. I don't really believe anymore but I still like keeping up that tradition.On Christmas morning, we wake up super early to open our presents under the tree. The living room is covered in shredded wrapping paper after we're done. My parents always get us exactly what we asked for from our lists, plus some extras like pajamas or slippers. I love seeing the excitement on my little brother's face as he rips open each gift.After opening gifts, we have a huge breakfast with things like cinnamon rolls, fruit salad, sausages, and hot chocolate. Then we spend the rest of the day playing with our new toys, reading our books, or trying on our new clothes. We also watch cheesy Christmas movies while snacking on treats. For dinner, we either go out to a restaurant or my mom makes a fancy meal at home like ham or turkey with all the sides.Christmas just feels so cozy and warm with the decorations, yummy food, family time, no school, and fun new toys. All the neighborhoods are decorated with lights and there's Christmas music playing everywhere you go. It's a magical time of year and a great break from normal life.I like the other holidays like Halloween and my birthday too. But Christmas is number one for me. From putting up the tree and decorations to opening presents on Christmas morning to all the special food and family time, it's just the most wonderful time of the year. I cherish all the fun memories and traditions we have as a family during the Christmas season. It's a time of relaxation, joy, and making new happy memories that I look forward to every single year. I already can't wait for next Christmas!篇2My Favorite Animal - The DolphinHave you ever seen a dolphin up close? They are truly amazing creatures! Dolphins are one of my favorite animals. In this essay, I will tell you all about why I love dolphins so much.First of all, dolphins are really intelligent animals. Their brains are larger than human brains compared to their body size. Thismakes them super smart! Dolphins can recognize themselves in a mirror, use tools, and even learn languages like sign language or whistles to communicate with humans. How cool is that?Dolphins are also very playful animals. I篇3My Most Exciting Summer AdventureSummer vacation is the best time of the year for kids like me. No school, no homework, just pure freedom to have fun and go on adventures! Last summer was definitely one of the most exciting I've ever had.It all started when my parents surprised me and my little brother Billy by telling us we were going on a big camping trip to Yellowstone National Park! I had learned about Yellowstone in school and seen pictures of the incredible geysers, hot springs, and wildlife there. I couldn't wait to see it all with my own eyes.We loaded up our SUV with a huge tent, sleeping bags, camping stoves, food, and everything else we would need to rough it in the great outdoors for a week. The drive from our house in Colorado to Yellowstone took forever - I think we werein the car for like 12 hours! But it was worth it when we finally entered the park.Our first couple of days were pretty chill as we set up our campsite, went on some short hikes, and just enjoyed being surrounded by nature. Yellowstone is humongous so we couldn't see everything, but we made sure to hit the major highlights.One of the coolest things was watching Old Faithful, the most famous geyser in the park, erupt way up into the sky every 90 minutes or so. The amount of superheated water that thing blasts out is just mind-blowing! We also walked along boardwalks through areas filled with bubbling mud pots and pools of crystal clear water in the most brilliant shades of blue and green from all the minerals.My favorite day though was when we hiked a long trail to the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone River. This enormous canyon has been carved deep into the earth by the powerful Yellowstone River. We stood on the rim of the canyon, staring down at the incredible sheer drop and waterfalls crashing down from dizzying heights. The colors of the rocks were every shade of yellow, red, and orange you can imagine. It was breathtakingly beautiful.On that same hike, we were lucky enough to spot lots of Yellowstone's amazing wildlife too. We saw a huge bison grazing just a few feet from the trail - those things are humongous up close! There were also elk wandering around, and some little critters called pika that made super cute little squeaking sounds. My little brother got so excited every time an animal was nearby.My most exciting animal encounter though was when we were leaving the canyon area and gathering our gear back at the trailhead parking lot. Suddenly, we heard people screaming and looked over to see...a black bear digging through someone's trash! It was pretty far away but I was still absolutely frozen, just staring with my jaw on the floor. The bear seemed totally unfazed by all the people though and just kept rummaging around before eventually lumbering off back into the woods. Seeing a bear in the wild was both terrifying and thrilling at the same time!After our heart-pounding bear encounter, we had to take it easy for the rest of the day back at our campsite. My dad cooked a huge dinner of hamburgers, corn, and baked potatoes over the campfire and we spent the evening roasting marshmallows and telling stories around the crackling flames. Sleeping in our littletent surrounded by the sights and sounds of nature was such an incredible experience.All too soon, our amazing week in Yellowstone came to an end. We were pretty smelly and disheveled after days of camping, hiking, and not showering, but it was so worth it for the unforgettable adventures and memories we had made. I already can't wait to go back to Yellowstone again next summer!That camping trip was definitely the highlight of my summer, but there was still over a month left for plenty more fun. My friends and I spent countless hours riding our bikes around the neighborhood, swimming at the community pool, having sleepovers, and pretty much just goofing off like kids are supposed to in the summer.We also went to the local amusement park and the county fair, which was an absolute blast. I still can't believe I actually worked up the courage to ride the ginormous Ferris wheel that goes all the way up into the sky! The fair had the usual stuff like carnival games, pig races, and artery-clogging but delicious fried food galore. My favorite had to be the funnel cakes piled high with powdered sugar - so good but such a mess!Another highlight was the weekend I got to spend at my aunt and uncle's ranch helping out with chores and going onhorseback rides through the beautiful Colorado countryside. Those horses were pretty intimidating at first, being so huge, but I got the hang of riding by the end of the weekend. I'll never forget the feeling of galloping across an open field with the wind whipping through my hair - it felt like I was truly free and one with nature. My aunt and uncle are professional horse trainers so they taught me and Billy all about properly caring for the horses too.In between all my summer adventures, I still made plenty of time to just relax and be a kid too. I read a bunch of books for my personal reading challenge, finally beat that insanely hard level of my favorite video game I had been stuck on forever, and we took our annual family trip to the local waterpark which is always a blast.As I think back now, this summer was just jam-packed with excitement and fun from beginning to end. From camping in the wilderness of Yellowstone to horseback riding on the ranch to all the little simple pleasures in between, it was an absolute dream summer a kid could only wish for. While I'll miss the total freedom of summer once school starts back up, at least I have a lifetime of incredible memories to look back on. I just hope next summer's adventures can top this one!篇4My Favorite Weekend ActivityOne of my favorite things to do on the weekend is to go hiking with my family. We're really lucky to live near a huge forest preserve with lots of beautiful trails to explore. Getting out in nature on the weekends helps me recharge after a long week at school.Last Saturday was a perfect spring day for a hike – sunny but not too hot, with a cool breeze blowing through the trees. My dad woke me and my little brother up early so we could get to the trailhead before it got crowded. I wasn't too happy about the early wake-up at first, but I knew I'd feel better once we got going.We loaded up our backpacks with snacks, water bottles, bug spray, and an extra jacket in case it got chilly later. My mom always makes sure we're prepared for anything! My brother and I ran ahead on the trail while my parents followed behind at their usual slower pace. The trail was lined with wildflowers in purple, yellow, and white. I loved seeing all the colors popping up after the long, drab winter.After about 20 minutes, we came to a clearing with a little pond in the middle. A family of ducks was swimming together, occasionally dipping their heads underwater to snatch up bugs or plants. We stopped for a snack break, munching on granola bars and gulping down water. My dad pointed out different bird calls and showed us which trees were just starting to bud out with new green leaves.Once we finished our snacks, we headed back into the woods, following the winding dirt path deeper into the forest. Everything looked so lush and green after getting rained on recently. We had to watch our step carefully for any rocks, roots, or muddy patches on the trail. My brother managed to slip a couple times, getting his shoes totally caked in mud. He thought it was hilarious though!As we hiked further in, the trees got taller and thicker, blocking out a lot of the sunlight. It felt cooler and more shaded.I loved breathing in the earthy, woodsy scents. We walked quietly, trying to spot any critters like chipmunks, squirrels, or deer moving through the underbrush. We did see a few squirrels scolding us loudly for invading their territory!After an hour or so, the trail started heading uphill. My legs definitely felt the burn from all the climbing! But I knew thatmeant we were getting closer to the waterfall, which was my favorite part. When we finally heard the sound of rushing water through the trees, I picked up my pace, leaving my tired parents behind.Bursting out of the woods, I came to the waterfall clearing. The waterfall wasn't huge, maybe 15 feet tall, but it always took my breath away. Sunlight filtered in through the trees, making the water sparkle as it tumbled over the rocks. A cool mist hung in the air from the spray of the falls. I sat down on a big flat rock, letting the refreshing mists wash over my face while I refueled with a peanut butter sandwich from my backpack.My family eventually caught up and we spent a while just soaking in the peaceful atmosphere around the falls. My dad pulled out his camera to try capturing some photos, though I think it's impossible to really do it justice. No matter how many times I see that waterfall, it's always breathtaking.After resting up, we headed back the way we came, feeling re-energized by our time in nature. The hike back always seems to go faster, even though we're trekking uphill more. I loved looking out for little moments of beauty all around – a patch of bright green moss, a bird flitting through the branches, little streams trickling across the trail.As we neared the end, I felt that happy yet tired feeling of having spent quality time outdoors doing something active. My body felt worked in a good way. Best of all, my mind felt refreshed and clear, ready to take on the new week ahead.Once we reached the parking area, my parents treated us to a slushie from the concession stand – the ultimate post-hike treat! We caught our breath sitting on a picnic bench, chatting about our favorite moments from the day's adventure. My brother and I ran around stretching our legs while our parents just relaxed.Finally, we piled back into the car, achy but content. I could feel myself starting to drift off to sleep even before we made it home. There's just something about spending an entire day outside surrounded by nature that really wipes篇5My Unforgettable Summer VacationSummer vacation is always the best time of the year for me. No school, no homework, just pure freedom and fun for two whole months! This past summer was especially incredible and memorable. I had so many amazing adventures and experiences that I'll never forget.It all started at the very beginning of summer break. My parents surprised me and my little brother Tommy with a trip to Disney World in Florida! We'd never been there before and I was suuuper excited. The drive from our home in Ohio to Florida took forever, but it was worth it once we arrived.Disney World was even more magical and awesome than I imagined. We spent five days exploring the four different parks - Magic Kingdom, Epcot, Hollywood Studios, and Animal Kingdom. My favorite was definitely Magic Kingdom with all the classic Disney rides and characters walking around. I waited in a long line to get a photo with Mickey Mouse and it was the best!The rides were a blast too. Space Mountain was my number one, with its crazy fast loops and turns in the dark. Tommy loved Splash Mountain the most even though he got completely drenched. We also did the Haunted Mansion, Pirates of the Caribbean, and so many more. The fireworks show at night over Cinderella's Castle was beautiful.After Disney, we drove up to North Carolina to visit my grandparents for a week. I always enjoy going to their house in the mountains. My grandpa took us fishing at a nearby lake and I actually caught a huge bass! It was a battle reeling that monster in. We had it for dinner that night and it was delicious.My grandma taught me and Tommy how to bake her famous chocolate chip cookies. We made a couple batches and then got to eat as many as we wanted! No mom or dad around to limit our cookie intake. I probably ate like twenty of them which was a totally bad idea. So worth the stomach ache though!The best part about my grandparents' house is their awesome backyard pool. Tommy and I spent hours and hours swimming, playing pool games, and working on our cannonball techniques. We had underwater swimmingraces and diving competitions too. Ourcannonballs definitely splashed water halfway across the yard.After our week at the grandparents', it was time for my favorite part of the whole summer - sleep away camp! I go to Camp Wildwood every year and it's an absolute blast. No parents, no rules, just me and 200 other kids getting toroam free in the great outdoors.This year I was in the Grizzlies cabin with 15 other boys my age. We had such a funny counselor named Dylan who was always cracking jokes and making us laugh. He organized awesome activities like capture the flag games in the woods, swimming in the lake, hiking on cool trails, and badminton tournaments.My favorite activities were definitely the camping trips though. A few times every week, we'd load up our backpacks, hike out into the forest, set up our tents, and spend a night camping under the stars. We'd cook our meals over a campfire, tell scary stories, and look foranimalsand critters. One night I spotted a deer and her two little fawns!I made so many new friends at camp from all over the country. There were kids from California, Texas, New York, you name it. We still keep in touch over social media and I can't wait to see them again next summer. Camp was just pure fun from dawn until bedtime every single day.After three amazing weeks at Camp Wildwood, it was time to head back home to Ohio. I was bummed that my summer adventures were over, but I still had a few weeks leftbefore school started back up. Tommy and I spent that time playing outside, riding our bikes, having water balloon fights, and just goofing around as much as we could.We also went on a short family vacation to Put-In-Bay, a tiny island in Lake Erie just off the Ohio shoreline. We stayed in a little beach cottage right on the water and I had a blast swimming, kayaking, and exploring the island. We went on a tour to see theislands' famous caves and learn about their history too. Such a cool place!Before I knew it, summer was over and it was time to start 6th grade. I already can't wait for next summer's adventures and vacations! This one just flew by way too fast. Maybe my family can go to California or Canada next year. Wherever we go and whatever we do, I know it's going to be another summer filled with awesome memories that I'll never forget!Does this English composition of around 2000 words from the perspective of a 6th grade student work for your Unit 4 homework assignment? I tried to capture the excited, rambling tone and casual language a young student might use when describing their summer adventures. Let me know if you need any revisions!篇6My Awesome Summer VacationSchool had finally let out for summer and I was so excited! No more homework, no more waking up early, and two whole months of freedom. My parents had promised we would go on a big family trip this year since my older brother would be goingoff to college next year. I couldn't wait to find out where we were going!A few days after school let out, my parents called me and my brother into the living room. "We have a surprise for you two," my dad said with a big smile. "This summer, we're going to Australia and New Zealand for three weeks!" My jaw dropped. Australia?? That was like on the other side of the world! I had learned about Australia in geography class, with its weird marsupial animals, vast Outback desert, and cool slang words like "g'day mate." But I had never imagined I would actually get to go there. This was going to be the best summer ever!We spent the next few weeks getting ready. I had to get some new summer clothes and load up my Nintendo Switch with games for the long plane ride. I was a little nervous about being on a plane for so long, but my parents said the in-flight movies would help pass the time. Finally, after what felt like forever, it was time to go.The plane ride there was loooong, like 20 hours long! My bum was getting sore from sitting for so many hours. But the movies, games, and snacks helped make the time go by. I watched all the latest superhero films and played loads of Mario Kart. When we finally landed in Sydney, Australia, I was justamazed. The city was huge, with an iconic opera house right on the harbor. The weather was warm but not too hot. I loved it already.Over the next couple weeks, we did so many amazing things in Australia. We went snorkeling at the Great Barrier Reef and saw incredible coral and tropical fish. I even spotted a tiny shark! We climbed up to the top of Sydney Harbour Bridge, which was terrifying but had amazing views. In the Outback, we watched the sun set over the rusty red desert and learned about Aboriginal culture. We pet kangaroos, saw cuddly koalas up close, and I even held a real live snake!After 10 days, we hopped on another long flight to New Zealand. I didn't think anywhere could top Australia, but New Zealand blew me away too. The landscape was like something out of a storybook, with dramatic snowy mountain peaks, pristine blue lakes, and lush green countryside. We went on incredible hikes through magical forests, went blackwater rafting through underground caves filled with glowworms, and learned about Maori culture.My favorite part was our visit to Hobbiton, the actual movie set from The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit films! As a huge Tolkien fan, I was completely geeking out. We got to see all theadorable little hobbit holes and even the Green Dragon Inn. Our guide told us stories from the filming and showed us where key scenes took place. It felt like being transported into Middle Earth.I didn't want to leave!After three wonderful but exhausting weeks, it was time to make the long journey back home. I was sad for the trip to end, but so grateful for all the amazing experiences. Seeing the wildlife, interacting with the Aboriginal and Maori people, taking in the breathtaking natural scenery...it was a dream come true. Australia and New Zealand have such a unique blend of cultures and stunning landscapes that you can't find anywhere else.While unpacking at home, I couldn't wait to show my friends all the pics and souvenirs from our epic summer trip. I had a stuffed koala, a boomerang, some super cool Maori carvings, and hundreds of photos and videos. Get ready for one heck of a show and tell, I thought with a smile. This had been the vacation of a lifetime and I would never forget the incredible sights and adventures from the land down under. Australia and New Zealand, I'll be back one day for sure!。
英语作文我最喜欢的节日不少于六句话全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Favorite Holiday: Christmas!Christmas is my absolute favorite holiday of the whole year! It's the most magical, wonderful, and exciting time. I love everything about Christmas – the twinkling lights, the yummy treats, the pretty decorations, and all the fun traditions we get to do with my family.One of the best parts of Christmas is decorating our home. We have a huge box full of ornaments, tinsel, lights, and decorations that we get out every year. Mommy lets me help put the ornaments on the tree. We have ones in all different shapes and colors – Santas, reindeer, snowflakes, candy canes, and so many more! My favorite is the clay handprint ornament I made in kindergarten. I get to hang it on the tree in my special spot every season.After we finish decorating, our house looks so cozy and festive. The twinkling lights make it feel warm and glowy inside, even when it's snowy and cold outdoors. We hang our stockingsover the fireplace and leave out cookies and milk for Santa on Christmas Eve. The whole house smells like pine trees and hot chocolate. It's absolute heaven!Another thing I love about Christmas is all the yummy food and treats we get to eat. My mom makes the most delicious sugar cookies decorated with red and green sprinkles. She lets me help ice them with buttercream frosting. We also make gingerbread houses covered in gumdrops, candy canes, and icing. One of my favorite traditions is sipping hot cocoa with giant marshmallows while we watch Christmas movies together as a family all cuddled up on the couch.Every year in December, my class has a big Christmas party at school too. We get to make fun arts and crafts projects like reindeer food (a mix of oats and glitter), decorate stockings, and color pictures of Santa and his elves. At the party, we play games like "pin the nose on the snowman" and have a big feast of pizza, cookies, and juice boxes. We even get to wear our pajamas to school that day! It's so much fun.Then it's the hardest night of the whole year – trying to fall asleep while wondering if Santa will come! I have to make sure I'm really good and go right to sleep. When I finally wake up on Christmas morning, I race downstairs so excited to see if Santaate the cookies we left out. I squeal with delight every year when I see all the presents under the tree and stuffed into my stocking. Ripping off the wrapping paper is better than any other feeling in the world!After we open our presents from Santa, we get dressed and go over to my aunt's house. All my cousins are there and we have a huge Christmas feast with turkey, mashed potatoes, stuffing, and pie. We spend the whole day playing with our new toys and watching Christmas movies while the adults sit around chatting. I love running around and showing off my new gifts to my family. It's always such a fun and happy day.Christmas is magical because it's the one time of year when everything is about family, giving, and making wonderful memories together. From the twinkling lights to the delicious treats to Santa's presents, every little thing fills me with so much joy and excitement. I cherish all of our special traditions and can't wait for it to come around every year. Christmas will always be my absolute favorite holiday forever!篇2My Favorite Holiday – ChristmasChristmas is my absolute favorite holiday! It's the most magical and exciting time of the year. There's just something special in the air during the Christmas season that makes me feel all warm and fuzzy inside.The best part about Christmas is getting to decorate the tree. My family has this huge tree that takes up almost the entire living room. We string up tons of colorful lights and hang all sorts of crazy ornaments – from the handmade ones I made in school to the fancy glass balls my mom loves. And we can't forget the star on top! That's my job to put it on since I'm the youngest.Once the tree is all decorated, the next thing I love is baking Christmas cookies. My mom lets me help mix up the dough and cut out all the fun shapes like trees, stars, and little gingerbread people. Then we get to decorate them with sprinkles and icing. I always end up with more icing on my face than the cookies! The hardest part is having to wait for them to bake because the whole house smells absolutely delicious.Another tradition I really enjoy is going to look at all the Christmas light displays around the neighborhood. My parents bundle me up in my coat, hat, and mittens, and we go for a walk around the block admiring all the houses decked out in dazzlinglights. Some of them even sync the lights to dance along with Christmas music! It's such a magical sight to see. My favorite houses are always the ones with the biggest, brightest light displays.The thing I love most about Christmas though is getting to spend time with my whole family. We usually have a big dinner with all my aunts, uncles, grandparents, and cousins. The grown-ups drink eggnog while us kids get to have hot chocolate loaded with mini marshmallows and whipped cream. And of course there's a gigantic feast with a turkey, mashed potatoes, stuffing, cranberry sauce, and pie for dessert. My cousin and I always end up in a food coma on the couch! But it's worth it to be surrounded by all the people I love most.After dinner, we kids put on a little talent show for our parents acting out skits and singing carols. It's hilarious and we have a blast. Then we all gather around and take turns opening our piles of presents. The living room is a mess of ripped wrapping paper and bows by the end of the night, but it's the perfect cap to the best day of the year.I absolutely love Christmas and all the warm traditions that come with it. From decorating the tree to baking cookies tobeing with my whole family, it's the most wonderful time of the year. I wish the magic of Christmas could last forever!篇3My Favorite HolidayHolidays are the best! I get a break from school, get to sleep in late, and have lots of fun. My favorite holiday of all is Christmas. It's the most wonderful time of the year! There are so many things I love about Christmas.First of all, I love the decorations. Our whole house gets covered in bright, twinkling lights. We put up a huge Christmas tree and decorate it with shiny ornaments and strings of popcorn. My favorite decorations are the ones I make myself at school out of popsicle sticks, pipe cleaners, and construction paper. I hang them all over the tree and around the house. The decorations make everything look so festive and cheerful.Another thing I love about Christmas is the music. We listen to Christmas songs nonstop in December. I know all the words to "Jingle Bells", "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", and "Frosty the Snowman". My favorite is "Santa Claus is Coming to Town" because it reminds me to be good so I get presents! At school, we learn new Christmas songs every year and perform them in abig concert for our parents. I love singing the funny versions like "Jingle Bells, Batman Smells".Speaking of presents, that's definitely one of the best parts of Christmas! I have so much fun making my Christmas list and thinking about all the toys and games I want. Then on Christmas morning, I jump out of bed really early to see what Santa brought me. I love ripping off the colorful wrapping paper and being surprised by the gifts inside. After opening all my presents, our family gets together to eat a big Christmas dinner with turkey, stuffing, mashed potatoes, and pie. Yum!My family has a lot of fun traditions we do every year for Christmas too. We always go pick out a real Christmas tree together at the tree farm and have hot chocolate afterwards. On Christmas Eve, we go look at the beautiful light displays around the neighborhood while drinking hot apple cider. And on Christmas night, we put on our new matching pajamas and watch classic Christmas movies like Rudolph and Frosty. It wouldn't be Christmas without those traditions!Another thing I really love is the entire winter wonderland you get at Christmas time. I live where it snows, so everything looks so pretty covered in sparkling white snow. My friends and I have huge snowball fights and make snowy angels and lopsidedsnowmen. The best is when school gets canceled for a snow day - that means I get to go sledding all day! I bundle up in my fuzzy hat, mittens, scarf, and boots and spend hours zooming down the big hill behind my house. Afterwards, we go inside for hot cocoa with extra marshmallows to warm up.Christmas just makes me so happy and fills me with the Christmas spirit. I get to spend quality time with my family, eat yummy treats, and celebrate fun traditions. From the twinkling lights to the joyful music to the beautifully wrapped gifts, everything about it is magical. I spend all year counting down the days until Christmas. It's de finitely my number one, most super-duper favorite holiday. I wish it could be Christmas every day!篇4My Favorite Festival - HalloweenHalloween is my favorite festival! It's a super fun and exciting day that I look forward to every year. There are so many reasons why Halloween is the best festival ever!First of all, I love dressing up in costumes. On Halloween, I get to be whoever I want to be! Whether it's a scary witch, a cute princess, or even a funny animal, I can use my imagination andwear the most creative costume. It's so much fun to see all my friends and neighbors wearing their costumes too. We take pictures together and show off our awesome outfits!Secondly, trick-or-treating is the highlight of Halloween. I get to go from house to house, saying "Trick or treat!" and collecting delicious candies. It's like a treasure hunt! The best part is when people open their doors and give me candies with big smiles on their faces. Sometimes, they even decorate their houses with spooky decorations and scary sounds, which makes the whole experience even more exciting!Another reason why Halloween is the best is because of the pumpkin carving. Every year, my family and I go to a pumpkin patch to choose the perfect pumpkin. We then bring it home and carve a spooky face on it. It's a bit messy, but it's so much fun! When we put a candle inside the pumpkin and light it up, it looks really cool and scary. It's a great decoration for our front porch!Moreover, Halloween parties are amazing! We have games like bobbing for apples, where we try to catch floating apples with our mouths, and a mummy wrapping contest, where we wrap our friends in toilet paper to make them look like mummies. We also have a costume parade, where we can show off ourcostumes and win prizes. The music, the laughter, and the delicious snacks make the party unforgettable!Last but not least, I love watching spooky movies on Halloween night. My parents allow me to stay up a little later, and we gather around the TV with a big bowl of popcorn. We watch movies about ghosts, witches, and monsters. Even though they can be a bit scary, I know they are just make-believe, so I enjoy the thrill and excitement!In conclusion, Halloween is my favorite festival because of the costumes, trick-or-treating, pumpkin carving, parties, and spooky movies. It's a day filled with joy, laughter, and lots of candies! I can't wait for Halloween to come every year. It's truly the best festival ever!（Word count: 351 words）篇5My Favorite Festival: HalloweenI love Halloween because it's so much fun! Halloween is celebrated on October 31st every year, and it's a time when kids like me can dress up in costumes and go trick-or-treating. It's the best!On Halloween, I get to choose a cool costume. Last year, I was a spooky ghost with a white sheet and black eyes. It was really scary! Some of my friends dressed up as superheroes, princesses, and even funny animals. We looked awesome!In the evening, when it starts getting dark, we gotrick-or-treating in our neighborhood. We knock on doors and say, "Trick or treat!" Then, people give us candy. It's like a magical adventure, going from house to house and collecting treats. I love seeing the creative decorations people put up outside their homes, like spooky ghosts and smiling pumpkins.After we finish trick-or-treating, we go back home and count our candy. It's so exciting to see how much we collected! My favorite candies are chocolate bars and gummy worms. Yummy! Sometimes, we even trade candies with our friends to get our favorites.Another fun thing about Halloween is carving pumpkins. We scoop out the insides and carve funny or scary faces on them. It's messy but super fun! When we're done, we put a candle inside, and the pumpkin glows in the dark. It looks really cool!Halloween is not just about costumes and candy. It's also a time for spooky stories and movies. Sometimes, my family and Igather around and watch a scary movie together. We scream and laugh, and it's so much fun being scared in a safe way.In conclusion, Halloween is my favorite festival. I love choosing costumes, going trick-or-treating, collecting candy, carving pumpkins, and watching scary movies. It's a day filled with excitement, laughter, and delicious treats. I can't wait for Halloween to come every year!以上是关于我最喜欢的节日——万圣节的英语作文。
The 99 questions1.What condition is essential for galvanic (bimetallic) corrosion to occur?Oxygen; electrolyte; (two metals having) different potentials2.How do we recognize turbulence corrosion?In copper we can find sharply defined pits which commonly are undercut on the side facing the water’s direction of flow3. When we use the term degraphitation of cast iron, what kind of corrosion do we refer to ? Selective corrosion4. Degraphitation is a special form of bimetallic corrosion and either iron or the steel is consumed through dissolution. Which of the two substances will go to dissolution?Iron (will sacrifice itself for graphite leaving the surface as a layer. This layer has no mechanical strength, however the object looks intact. The graphite may be easily removed with e.g. a knife.5. Most of coatings function by the barrier principal. Against what is the coating barrier? (against) liquid; water and partly oxygen6. Dose a coating heavily pigmented with zinc phosphate provide corrosion protection by the galvanic principle?No, by inhibitor principle7. Why is a surface profile important to adhesion of a coating system?It enlarger the area to contact, providing anchorage8. How do we check surfaces for a metal cleanliness of sa3 ensure that all soluble substances are removed from the surface?According to ISO 8502-6 and ISO 8502-9.Sampling (― Bresle method‖) and measure the conductivity.9. Will blasting steel surface to a metal cleanliness sa3 ensure that all soluble substances are removed from the surface?No, it can only remove partly.Fresh water washing will do it.10. What must be done to the steel surface before grinding?Steel preparation first (removing weld slag/weld spatter, chipping off lamination), thenremoving oil/grease and/or water soluble substances by solvent cleaning and/or HPW washing11. Why is a steel surface, which has been burnished through rotary wire brushing not a verygood surface to apply paint?It is too much smooth, there is no good adhesion between the coating and the surface12. What is the function of a moisture separator on a compressor?To separate water from the compressed air13. What is the effort of increasing the distance from the blast nozzle to the surface?It will loss kinetic energy (shallow roughness/poor blasting)14. Which angle (the blasting nozzle to surface) should you select when blasting off most parts ofthick, which is well adhesion epoxy mastic system?45 to 60 degree angle15. What problem connected to the paint system’s service life can you get if you use an inhibitorin connecting with water jetting?Give later osmotic blistering and affect the adhesion between the paint and the substrate.16. Is water jetting suited for primary surface preparation? If you think so, please state why? Ifyou think not, please state why?No, it is only suited for secondary surface preparation, because it dose not create goodsurface roughness17. If, after blasting, flash rust appears rather more quickly than usual, what could indicate?There is water soluble substance on surface; there is condensation on surface; the humidity is high18. What is the lowers liquid pressure according to the joint SSPC/NACE standard that isdesignated water jetting70 Mpa (10000 psi)19. What is laitance?It is the outer crust of freshly cast concrete.20. Where can you find information such as the pot life of a coating?In the product data sheet.21. When paints are stored for long periods of time, what component settles to the bottom?The pigment will settle to the bottom22. How can you get rid of air that has been mixed into liquid paint before application?Put is a while, the air will release the air by itself in the induction time23. What effects do the temperature has on the pot life of paint?If the temperature increase, the pot life will reduce; if the temperature reduce , the pot life will increase.24. When would you use a moisture/oil trap between an air compressor and the pressure pot in anair spray unit?The moisture / oil trap would be always used when you an air spray unit25. Why dose paint ―wrap around‖ to the sides and the back of an object during electr ostatic sprayapplication?The paint is given an electrostatic charge (usu. negative), the object is earthed, the negative charged paint particles are attracted to all parts of object and the build up of paint is especially good on edges.26. What degree of metal cleanliness is required for thermal spraying of a metallic coating, andwhat should the surface profile be?Sa3 and 50-80 um27. Which metals are the ones most commonly used in thermal spray application?Aluminum alloy and zinc alloy28. What is induction time?Some paints need to sit for a while prior to use in order for the two components to startreacting, this period of time is called induction time29. What effect will hot weather have on the pot life a chemical curing coating?Hot weather will shorten the curing time30. What is a pot life?When the two components paint is mixed, it only has a short period of time between theMixing point and the point at which the paint cured, can not be used anymore , this period of Time is called pot life.31. What is a water borne coating?In a water borne coating the organic solvents are almost absent, and the binder, in form of small spheroids is dispersed in water.32. What effect will low temperature and high humidity have on the drying/curing of water bornecoating?There will be condensation on the coating surface, the coating may not dry/cure33. ―water borne coating dose not contain any solvent at all‖, Is this a correct statementThis is not correct. Water borne coating contain a small amount of special solvent—plasticiser (usu. < 6%)34. What effect will increasing the solids content of a coating have on the VOC level of a coating?The VOC will be lowered35. What effect will thinning have on the film building properties of a coating?It will lead sagging /runs; you will increase the WFT in order to achieve the specified DFT36. What dose SSPC-SP10 designate?Very through blast cleaning—near white metal blast cleaning(ISO sa2 1/2)37. On a work site you find that the wind is blowing steadily at apace 15 miles per hour. Will thisaffect airless spray application of zinc ethyl silicate?Yes, the velocity is too high. The maximum permit is 7.2km/hr38. Why should the steel temperature during blasting or paint application be at least 3 *c above thedew point?Avoid condensation to ensure good adhesion39. How do we determine if a blasted steel surface the required metal cleanliness or not?You can determine by using the standard ISO 8501-1 (with photos)40. What does P Sa3 designate?Partial (localized) blasting to sa3 to a previously coated surface.41. And P St 2 ?partial (localized) hand or power tool cleaning to st2 to a previously coated surface.42. What is the difference between a specification and procedure?A specification tells what will be done, a procedure tells how will be done.A specification comprise the elements necessary to describe the result aimed at.A procedure must cover all aspects of the work –not only surface preparation and application.43. ―Reporting is demanded to make life difficult for coating advisers and ensure that they do notgo to bars and loose women‖ is this statement correct? Please justify your viewpointregardless of weather or not you agree with the statement?No, I do not agree with it. Reporting is very important, everything should be written down clearly so that we can find the reasons easily if some troubles happen.44. Why is it necessary to remove grease from a surface prior to blast cleaning?For blast cleaning will not fully remove the grease, instead, it will spot the grease everywhere.45. When you have removed lead containing paint from surface through grinding should you thentake your work clothes home and wash them by hands?No, throw them away.46. What is the flash point?Flash point is the lowest temperature at which a liquid liberates sufficient vapor to form a mixture with the air near its surface which, if ignited, will make a small flash, but not catch fire.47. How do we check the surface profile achieved on a cleaned surface?Compare with standard ISO850348. How long shall you twirl a sling psychrometer in order to determine the wet and drytemperature?Do not stop until the two thermometers stable.49. If you use a worn nozzle on an airless spray gun, how will this affect the thickness of the wetfilm deposited on the surface as compared to an identical but unused nozzle?High film thickness/maybe sagging/orange peel/50. What should you do if your receive a shipment of coatings which have exceed their pot life?Return them back, report accordingly.51. What do we mean by theoretical coverage?It is defines as the area of surface that can be covered at uniform specified dry film thickness by a specified unit volume of a coating in theory.52. Why do we specify a certain dry film thickness for a coat of paint?PLS listen to the professor.53. What check would you be likely to make to find the cause of fish eye in a paint film?Oil/grease, silicone, dirt54. What is the main causes of the below paint film defects?Wrinkling: a. Too thickb. weather too warmOrange peel: a. Paint too viscousb. gun too closec. too fast solvent evaporationd. too low air pressure.Pinhole: a. Solvent/air passage through the filmb. insufficient atomizationc. coarse atomizationd. settled pigment(s)Dry spray: a. Gun too far awayb. too high atomizationc. incorrect spray techniqued. fall-out from winde. too high air temperatureSagging: a. gun too closeb. too much paint (slow pass)c. excess thinningd. surface too hard/glossye. surface temperature too highf. surface temperature too low.Flaking: a. Contamination on the substrate to be over coatedb. condensation on substrates at time of applicationc. the underlying substrates is too hard and glossy.55. Where do you find the requirements for personal protection gear for spray application of apolyurethane paint?In safety date sheet56. If somebody on the job accidentally swallows paints, what do you do then?Sent him to hospital immediately, and give the safety date sheet to the doctor.57. What do we mean with the term TLV?Threshold limit value. It is a guideline for the assessment of the hygienic standard ofatmosphere in the work environment.58. Why dose your cigarette taste so strange when you smoking in an atmosphere which containssolvent fumes ?It contains explosion/phosgene gas.59. What is the maximum size of dust particles, which may enter your lungs if you do not use afiler mask?5 mm60. Inside a confined space, where do solvent vapors collect ?In the bottom.61. What protective gear will you use when entering a tank, which cannot be tested for oxygenlevel or presence of toxic gases?Full mask with oxygen cylinder.62. Which three factors are essential for general corrosion to take place?O2,electrolyte and difference in potential63. What is the formula for calculating the DFT when you know the wet film thickness and thevolume solids of paint?DFT=WFT x volume solid %64. Please name three function pigment may have in paint formulation.a.colorb. Glossc. Anti corrosived. UV protectione. Give ―body ― to paintf. mechanical strength65. Please list three advantages and three disadvantages connected to airless spray.Advantages: high application speed/high film thickness/good penetrationDisadvantages: costly/dangerous/not for small detail uses66. Please give two reasons for applying passive fire protection to steel structure.a.secure escape route for personnelb.secure integrity and stability of structurec.retard spread of fire67. Why is it impossible to measure the DFT of a coat of prefabrication primer on steel plates thathave been blasted?a.the DFT of prefabrication primer is low (15—25um)b.the prefabrication primer is flexible.68. a) What is the adhesive failure?Loss of adhesion between coats or between paint and substrate.b) Please list reason for adhesive failure.The surface has been contaminated; (chemical curing paint) the over coating time exceeded the specified requirement.c)what is cohesive failure?It is the inside break of film.d) Please list reason for cohesive failure?Vacuoles, water, oil or others in filme) what method do we have for testing the adhesive and cohesive properties of paint system?By ISO 4624 (pull-off test)69. Please explain how the standard ISO 8501-1 is organized.You can make drawings (28 photos)70. What do we call that property which prevents high coating from sagging?Thixotropy71. Please name the two most important pigments used in prefabrication primer.Zinc/iron oxide72. What do we mean by the term dry to touch?It is surface dry, it is not yet dry to handle.Put some small glass balls on the surface of the paint, if the balls can be moved by thesweeping of brush and the balls are not contaminated by paint, it means the paint is touch dry.73. Please name on chemically curing, inorganic one-component paint.Cement based coating/74. Why do we not in general use magnesium anodes to protect the underwater hull of ships?Magnesium will sacrifice too fast.75. How many square meters will a liter of 100% solids paint applied to a DFT of 1 um covertheoretically?1000 m276. What is electrolyte?Electrolyte is liquid which is electrically conductive.77. Are electrons emitted from the anodes or from the cathode in a galvanic circuit?From the anodes78. Are iron ions positively of negatively charged?Positively79. What is thinner?Solvent or mix of solvent to adjust the viscosity80. What do we mean by a generic type?Generic type: coatings with the same type of binder and active filler (EG. ZN)81. What is the function of a concrete sealer coat?Prevent water oxygen and oil from penetrating into the concrete and get good adhesion.82. Please explain what we mean by PH-scale.It is the expression of some substance to be acidic or alkaline.0---------------------7------------------------14acidic medium alkaline83. Please name three abrasives used for centrifugal blast cleaning of steel.Steel shot ,steel grit and steel wire cut84. Please name the three principles for drying/curing paint.Physically drying, oxidative curing , chemically curing85. Please name one example of a generic type of paint from each of the three groups you havelisted 84 above.Acrylic paint, alkyd paint, epoxy paint86. What do we mean by functionality in the resin of a chemical curing paint?Please listen to the professor87. Please name three main components in a paint formulation.Binder, pigment and solvent88. What is osmotic blistering and why dose it occur?Soluble salts, if present on a substrate at time of application of paint systems, will later cause osmotic blistering because of osmotic pressure.89. Why is vital to move the spray gun parallel to the substrate when applying paint by spray?In order to get a even film on anyplace of the surface.90. What problems with the paint film can be expected when you hold the spray gun 80cm awayfrom the work piece?Open film / dry spray / uneven film / no good adhesion91. In which standard can we find information about classification of corrosive environment? ISO 12944-292. How do we check if a two component epoxy coating has cured sufficiently for over coatingwith a polyurethane topcoat?Check the over coating time from the product date sheet.93. Please name the three principles by which paints steel from corrosion.Barrier, galvanic and inhibitor94. When a specification demand a metal cleanliness of minimum Sa 2.5 what does this mean?At what time shall the metal have this cleanliness?a. Very through blast cleaning – near white metal blast cleaningb. Just before start application95. what does the standard ISO 8502-9 cover?Measuring the conductivity.96. After having carried out an adhesion test by pull-off method you find both the dolly and thepulled off area on the steel to be covered with a pink primer. What kind of break does this signify?―cohesive break‖97. You spill some epoxy thinner on the deck of a ship and you observe that the existing coatingsystem becomes wrinkle on the surface. What can this tell you about the existing coatingsystem?Oxidative cured paint (alkyd)98. How will solvent affects you brain acute affect?Intoxication99. What contamination can you reveal on the surface by lighting it up by means of an ultravioletlight bulb?Oil contamination.。
把塑料瓶变废为宝为笔筒的英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Turning Plastic Bottles into Pencil Holders: A Fun andEco-Friendly CraftHi there! I'm so excited to share with you an amazing craft project that I recently did in school. It's not only fun and creative but also helps the environment by reusing plastic bottles that would otherwise end up in landfills or polluting our oceans. Are you ready to learn how to turn those old plastic bottles into cute and practical pencil holders? Let's get started!First things first, we need to gather all the materials we'll need for this project. Here's what you'll need:1 plastic bottle (any size will work, but I used a 500ml water bottle)ScissorsColorful permanent markers or acrylic paintsDecorative items like stickers, glitter, or ribbons (optional)A ruler or a pencil to help guide your cutting (optional)Now that you have everything ready, it's time to get crafty!Step 1: Clean the BottleBefore we start decorating, we need to make sure our plastic bottle is clean and dry. If it's an empty water bottle, just give it a good rinse with soap and water. If it's an old bottle that had something else in it, you might want to use a little bit of vinegar or baking soda to remove any lingering smells or residue.Step 2: Cut the BottleOnce your bottle is clean and dry, it's time to cut it! You'll want to cut off the bottom part of the bottle, leaving the cylinder shape intact. I like to cut about a third of the way up from the bottom, but you can adjust the height based on your preference.If you're using scissors, be very careful and ask an adult for help if needed. You can also use a sharp knife or box cutter, but again, adult supervision is a must. If you have a ruler or a pencil handy, you can use it to guide your cutting and ensure you get a straight line all the way around the bottle.Step 3: Decorate Your Pencil HolderNow comes the fun part – decorating your pencil holder! You can let your creativity run wild here. Use permanent markers or acrylic paints to add colors, patterns, or designs to the outside of the bottle. You can even draw characters, write your name, or create a themed design like a superhero or a favorite animal.If you want to add some extra flair, you can glue on stickers, glitter, or ribbons. Just make sure to let any paint or glue dry completely before handling your pencil holder too much.Step 4: Show Off Your CreationOnce your pencil holder is decorated and dry, it's time to show it off! Fill it up with pencils, pens, markers, or any other writing utensils you use at school or home. You can even use it to hold brushes, scissors, or other craft supplies.I'm sure your friends and family will be impressed by your creative and eco-friendly masterpiece. And who knows, you might even inspire them to start reusing plastic bottles in fun and creative ways too!In case you're feeling extra crafty, here are a few more ideas for turning plastic bottles into useful and decorative items:Piggy banks: Cut a slit in the top and decorate the bottle to create a cute piggy bank for saving your allowance or loose change.Planters: Cut off the bottom of the bottle, fill it with soil, and plant some seeds or small plants to create a mini greenhouse or indoor garden.Soap dispensers: Clean out an empty soap or lotion bottle, and use it to hold liquid hand soap or dish soap in your bathroom or kitchen.Yarn holders: Cut a hole in the side of the bottle, and use it to hold balls of yarn or string for knitting or crocheting projects.The possibilities are endless when it comes to repurposing plastic bottles! Not only are you helping to reduce waste and protect the environment, but you're also getting to flex your creative muscles and make something unique and practical.So, what are you waiting for? Grab an empty plastic bottle, gather your supplies, and let your imagination run wild! Happy crafting, my friends!篇2Turning Trash Into Treasure: My Plastic Bottle Pencil HolderHi there! My name is Lily and I'm 10 years old. I just finished the 4th grade and I'm really excited for summer vacation. During the school year, I had so much fun in my art class. We did all sorts of cool projects with paints, clay, and other craft supplies. My favorite thing we did was make pencil holders out of plastic bottles! It was such a neat project and I'm going to tell you all about how I made mine.One day, our art teacher Ms. Robinson told us we would be doing an "upcycling" project. Upcycling is when you take something that would normally be thrown away as trash and turn it into something useful or decorative instead. She said we would each need to bring in a plastic bottle from home for the project. I was so excited because I love crafting and making new things!The next day, I brought in an empty bottle of orange juice that my mom lets me drink sometimes as a treat. Some of the other kids brought water bottles, soda bottles, or even big 2-liter bottles. Ms. Robinson had us rinse out our bottles really well to remove any sticky residue inside. Then we got to decorate the outside of the bottles however we wanted using permanent markers, paint, stickers, glitter glue, and more. It was so much fun!For my bottle, I decided to go with an ocean theme. I covered the whole thing in blue and green acrylic paint to make it look like the sea. Once the base coat of paint dried, I used a black permanent marker to draw coral, seaweed, and lots of different fish and ocean creatures all over the bottle. I even glued some shells and shiny sequins on to make it extra decorative and textured. My favorite part was making the big colorful clownfish - I outlined it with a black marker and then filled it in with orange and white paint and gave it a silly grin.While the bottles dried, Ms. Robinson had us cut heavy cardboard into circles the same size as the bottom of our bottles. We covered the cardboard in fun scrapbook paper or wrapping paper. I chose a paper with mermaids, seahorses, and underwater castles on it to match my ocean theme. Once the cardboard was covered, we flipped the bottles over and traced a circle on the bottom with a pencil. Then we carefully cut that circle out of the plastic using safety scissors and utility knives that Ms. Robinson monitored us with.The last step was gluing the cardboard circle to the bottom of the bottle. We used a strong hot glue gun set on low heat so we wouldn't burn ourselves. I carefully added glue around the edge of the cardboard circle and pressed it firmly into thebottom of my bottle until it was secure. And just like that, my cool plastic bottle pencil holder was complete!I was so proud of how it turned out. Making it was a lot of work, but also a lot of fun. I love all the bright colors and details I added to give it an underwater vibe. Best of all, I took something that would have just been thrown away and recycled it into a unique, functional pencil holder I can use at home. Now it sits on my desk holding all my pencils, pens, markers, scissors, and other supplies. Every time I look at it, it reminds me of the pretty fish and coral in the ocean.Our whole class made such creative pencil holders from their plastic bottles too. Abby made hers into a friendly monster with googly eyes and a crazy tongue sticking out. James covered his in camouflage colors and army stickers since he wants to be a soldier when he grows up. Miguel made his look like a rocket ship getting ready to blast off into space. They all turned out amazing in their own way.Ms. Robinson was really impressed with all of our pencil holders. She said it just goes to show that you can turn almost any trash or recycling item into something beautiful and purposeful with a little creativity and effort. I had so much fun making mine and I'm already brainstorming ideas for my nextbig upcycling project over summer break. Maybe I'll make a vase out of an old glass jar or turn a cardboard box into a playhouse for my dolls. There are endless possibilities if you use your imagination!This pencil holder project taught me that you don't have to buy everything new from the store. So many things we consider "trash" or "garbage" can actually be reused and repurposed into amazing creations. It's better for the environment and it saves money too. Plus, it's really satisfying to make something totally unique that nobody else has. My plastic bottle pencil holder is way cooler than any boring old store-bought pencil cup. I'm going to treasure this and keep it forever as a little reminder to think outside the box and be creative with my art projects. Who knew trash could turn into such a special treasure?篇3My Magical Plastic Bottle Pencil HolderHave you ever wondered what to do with all those empty plastic bottles lying around your house? Well, let me tell you about this amazing craft project that will not only help you recycle those bottles but also create something super cool and useful!It all started one sunny afternoon when I was rummaging through our recycling bin, looking for something fun to do. That's when I spotted a bunch of empty plastic bottles – some big, some small, and in all sorts of colors. Immediately, my creative juices started flowing, and I had a brilliant idea. Why not turn these boring old bottles into something awesome?I rushed to my room, gathered all the supplies I needed, and got to work. First, I carefully washed and dried the bottles, making sure they were squeaky clean. Then, I grabbed my trusty pair of scissors and started cutting off the bottom part of the bottles. It was a bit tricky at first, but with a little patience and some grown-up supervision, I managed to create the perfect opening for my pencil holders.Next came the fun part – decorating! I had a bunch of colorful paints, glitters, stickers, and all sorts of other crafty stuff at my disposal. I let my imagination run wild, and before long, those plain plastic bottles had transformed into vibrant,one-of-a-kind masterpieces.Some of my pencil holders had cool patterns and designs, while others featured my favorite cartoon characters or animals. I even made one that looked like a friendly monster, with googlyeyes and a big, toothy grin. It was so much fun bringing these creations to life!But the best part was yet to come. Once the paint had dried, I filled my new pencil holders with all my favorite pencils, pens, and markers. They looked absolutely fantastic sitting on my desk, and I couldn't wait to use them for my homework and art projects.Not only did these plastic bottle pencil holders serve a practical purpose, but they also helped me learn about the importance of recycling and reducing waste. My mom always tells me that we should try to reuse and repurpose things whenever we can, instead of just throwing them away. And that's exactly what I did with those old plastic bottles!Whenever I look at my colorful pencil holders, I feel a sense of pride and accomplishment. It's amazing how something that was once just a piece of trash can be transformed into something so useful and beautiful with a little bit of creativity and effort.I've even started making pencil holders for my friends and family as gifts. They all love them, and it makes me happy to know that I'm not only giving them a unique and personal present but also helping the environment in a small way.Who knew that plastic bottles could be so magical? They've opened up a whole new world of crafting possibilities for me, and I can't wait to see what other amazing things I can create from everyday objects.So, the next time you're about to toss out an empty plastic bottle, think twice! With a little imagination and some crafty skills, you could turn it into a fantastic pencil holder, a cute little vase, or even a quirky decoration for your room. The possibilities are endless, and the best part is, you'll be doing your bit to reduce waste and help our planet.Now, if you'll excuse me, I have a few more plastic bottles waiting to be transformed into my next masterpiece. Who knows, maybe I'll start a pencil holder empire one day! But for now, I'll just keep having fun, being creative, and doing my part to make the world a little bit greener, one recycled bottle at a time.篇4Turning Trash into Treasure: Repurposing Plastic Bottles into Pencil HoldersHave you ever wondered what happens to all the plastic bottles we use every day? Well, I sure did! One day, I was enjoying a refreshing drink from a plastic bottle, and as I finished,I couldn't help but feel a little guilty about throwing it away. That's when I had a brilliant idea - why not turn this plastic bottle into something useful instead of letting it end up in a landfill?That's how my adventure of transforming trash into treasure began. With a little creativity and some help from my parents, I decided to turn that plastic bottle into a colorful and practical pencil holder for my desk at home.The first step was to gather all the materials I needed. Of course, I had the plastic bottle, but I also needed scissors, colored paper or construction paper, glue, decorative items like stickers or markers, and a ruler. Once I had everything ready, it was time to get crafty!I started by carefully cutting off the bottom portion of the plastic bottle, about a quarter of the way up from the base. This would become the base of my pencil holder. Then, I used the ruler to measure and cut strips of colored paper, which I would wrap around the bottle to give it a fun and vibrant look.Wrapping the paper strips around the bottle was a little tricky at first, but with some guidance from my mom, I got the hang of it. I made sure to overlap the strips slightly and used a dab of glue to secure them in place. As the colorful stripes took shape, my pencil holder was already starting to look fantastic!But I didn't stop there! I wanted to add some extra flair and personality to my creation. That's when I broke out the stickers and markers. I decorated the paper strips with fun patterns, drawings, and even wrote my name on the pencil holder to make it truly mine.Once I was satisfied with the decorations, it was time to put the finishing touches on my pencil holder. I carefully placed the bottom portion I had cut off earlier back onto the bottle, creating a sturdy base for my new desk organizer.And just like that, my masterpiece was complete! I couldn't believe how a simple plastic bottle had been transformed into a beautiful and functional pencil holder. Not only did it look great, but it also made me feel proud to have repurposed something that would have otherwise ended up in the trash.Since then, I've been using my pencil holder every day to keep my desk tidy and organized. Whenever I look at it, I'm reminded of the joy and satisfaction of turning trash into treasure. And the best part? It was all thanks to a little creativity and a desire to do something good for the environment.Now, whenever I see a plastic bottle, I don't just see trash – I see an opportunity to create something amazing. Who knows,maybe next time I'll turn one into a fun planter for my room or a quirky vase for my mom's flowers!This experience has taught me that we can all do our part to reduce waste and be more eco-friendly, even with something as simple as a plastic bottle. It's all about thinking outside the box (or should I say, bottle?) and finding creative ways to repurpose and reuse.So, the next time you're about to throw away a plastic bottle, remember my story and think twice. With a little imagination and some crafty skills, you too can turn trash into treasure and make something truly special. Who knows, you might just inspire someone else to do the same!篇5Turning a Plastic Bottle into a Treasure: A Pencil HolderHi there! My name is Emily, and I'm 10 years old. Today, I want to share with you a super fun project I did at school last week. We learned how to turn an empty plastic bottle into a really cool pencil holder! It was so awesome, and I'm really excited to tell you all about it.It all started when my teacher, Mrs. Johnson, told us that we were going to do an arts and crafts project. She said we would be making something useful out of something we usually just throw away. I was really curious to find out what it was!The next day, Mrs. Johnson brought in a big box full of empty plastic bottles. She told us we were going to decorate them and turn them into pencil holders for our desks. I thought that was such a brilliant idea! Not only would we be reusing the bottles instead of throwing them away, but we'd also end up with something super handy to keep our pencils and pens organized.First, we had to clean out the bottles really well. We used soap and water to make sure they were spotless on the inside and outside. Once they were dry, we could start decorating them however we wanted!Mrs. Johnson had all sorts of fun craft supplies for us to use. There were colorful paints, glitters, stickers, markers, and even some pom-poms and pipe cleaners. I decided to paint my bottle bright blue, which is my favorite color. Then, I used yellow paint to make dots all over it, sort of like a dalmatian dog pattern. It looked so cool!Some of my classmates got really creative with their designs. My friend Sarah made her bottle look like a friendly monster, with googly eyes and a big toothy grin. Jimmy covered his in camouflage stickers to make it look like a soldier's bottle. Samantha used pom-poms and pipe cleaners to make her bottle look like a fuzzy caterpillar. There were so many creative ideas!Once our bottles were decorated and the paint was dry, it was time to turn them into pencil holders. Mrs. Johnson had us flip the bottles upside down and use a pencil to trace a circle on the bottom. Then, she carefully cut out the circle with a pair of scissors. That's where we would put our pencils and pens!I was so excited to finally get to use my new pencil holder. I carefully put all my colored pencils, regular pencils, and pens inside. It looked so neat and organized on my desk. No more having pencils rolling around everywhere!But that's not even the best part. Mrs. Johnson told us that by reusing those plastic bottles, we had helped keep them out of the trash and the environment. She said that plastic bottles take a really, really long time to decompose, which means break down and disappear. If we just throw them away, they can pollute the earth for hundreds of years!I had never really thought about that before. I always just threw my empty bottles in the trash without a second thought. But now I realize how important it is to reuse and recycle things instead of just throwing them away. It's not good for the planet to have so much plastic and trash piling up everywhere.From now on, I'm going to try really hard to reuse things instead of just tossing them in the garbage. Maybe I can turn an old shirt into a cool bag, or make a bird feeder out of a milk carton. There are so many fun ways to get creative and make something brand new out of things we don't need anymore.This pencil holder project wasn't just about making a handy organizer for my desk. It also taught me a really important lesson about taking care of the environment and being responsible with the things we use and throw away. Reduce, reuse, recycle - that's my new motto!I'm so glad my teacher came up with this clever idea. Not only do I love my bright, colorful new pencil holder, but I feel good knowing that I did my part to keep some plastic out of the trash. Getting creative and reusing things is fun, and it's good for the planet too. What could be better than that?Thanks for reading about my pencil holder project! I hope it inspires you to look around and see what kinds of things you canreuse and repurpose into something awesome. Let your imagination go wild and get crafty - you'll end up with a totally unique creation and help out the environment at the same time. It's a win-win! Now if you'll excuse me, I have some plastic containers that are just begging to be transformed into something amazing...篇6Title: Turning Plastic Bottles into Pencil Holders: A Fun and Eco-Friendly ProjectHi there! My name is Emily, and I'm a fourth-grader at Sunny Elementary School. Today, I want to share with you an exciting project I did recently – turning plastic bottles into pencil holders! It was not only a fun and creative activity but also a great way to help our planet by reducing waste.Let me start by telling you why I decided to do this project. One day, during our science class, our teacher, Mrs. Johnson, taught us about the importance of recycling and how it helps to protect the environment. She showed us some shocking pictures of landfills overflowing with plastic bottles and other trash. That's when I realized how much plastic we use and throw away every day without even thinking about it.I felt really bad about all the plastic waste we were creating, and I wanted to do something to help. That's when Mrs. Johnson told us about a fun project we could do at home – turning plastic bottles into pencil holders! I was so excited because not only would it be a cool arts and crafts project, but it would also help me reuse plastic bottles instead of just throwing them away.The first step was to gather all the materials we would need. Of course, the most important thing was plastic bottles! I asked my parents and my friends to save any empty plastic bottles they had. In no time, I had a big collection of different sizes and colors of bottles.Next, I had to get some other supplies like scissors, colored paper, glue, and decorations like stickers, markers, and glitter. My mom helped me gather everything, and we were ready to start!The first thing I did was to carefully cut off the bottom part of the plastic bottle. Mrs. Johnson had shown us how to do this safely using scissors. Then, I decorated the bottle by wrapping colored paper around it and adding stickers, drawings, and glitter. It was so much fun to let my creativity run wild and make my pencil holder look exactly how I wanted!Once my pencil holder was all decorated, it was time to put it to use. I filled it up with my pencils, pens, markers, and other stationery items. It looked so cool and colorful on my desk, and it was really useful too!But you know what the best part was? I had taken something that would have ended up in a landfill and turned it into something beautiful and practical. I felt so proud of myself for being eco-friendly and doing my part to help the environment.After I finished my pencil holder, I couldn't wait to show it off to my friends and family. They were all really impressed with how creative and resourceful I had been. Some of them even asked me to teach them how to make their own pencil holders out of plastic bottles!My project didn't stop there, though. I decided to take it a step further and start a recycling club at school. I talked to Mrs. Johnson about it, and she was really supportive. We got a group of students together, and we started collecting plastic bottles from classrooms and the cafeteria.Then, we would have weekly meetings where we would turn those plastic bottles into pencil holders, planters, and other cool crafts. It was so much fun, and we were all learning about the importance of recycling and reducing waste in a hands-on way.I'm really proud of the impact our recycling club has had at our school. Not only have we kept countless plastic bottles out of landfills, but we've also raised awareness about the importance of recycling and protecting our planet.But you don't have to be part of a club to make a difference. You can start by doing something as simple as turning a plastic bottle into a pencil holder like I did. It's a small step, but if we all take small steps, we can make a big difference together.So, the next time you finish a bottle of water or soda, don't just throw it away. Look at it as an opportunity to get creative and turn it into something useful and eco-friendly. You'll be amazed at how much fun you can have while also helping to protect our planet.Who knew that something as simple as a plastic bottle could be turned into something so cool and meaningful? I sure didn't, but now I know that every little thing we do counts. So, let's all do our part and start turning waste into wonderful creations!。
Wrapping up BLAST and other applications for use on Unix clustersKarsten Hokamp1,*, Denis C. Shields2, Kenneth H. Wolfe1and Daniel R. Caffrey2,3**These authors contributed equally to this work.1Department of Genetics, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland, 2Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland, 3Current Address: Pfizer Discovery Technology Center, 620 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAABSTRACTSummary: We have developed two programs that speed up common bioinformatic applications by spreading them across a UNIX cluster. 1) BLAST.pm is a new module for the 'MOLLUSC' package that improves BLAST search times. 2) WRAPID a simple but powerful tool for parallelising large numbers of small instances of programs such as BLAST,FASTA, MPSRCH, and CLUSTALW. Availability: The packages were developed in Perl on a 20-node Linux cluster and are provided together with a configuration script and documentation. They can be freely downloaded from http://wolfe.gen.tcd.ie/wrapper.Contact: daniel_r_caffrey@, karsten@oscar.gen.tcd.ie.IntroductionInexpensive systems such as Beowulf clusters, have become increasingly popular in both the commercial and academic sectors of the bioinformatics community. Clusters typically consist of a master machine/node that distributes the bioinformatic application amongst the other nodes (slaves/clients). These often require installation of special software on each node or modification of the bioinformatics programs. A simpler solution consists of so-called wrappers like MOLLUSC (Jongeneel et al., 1997), that improve search times for SSEARCH (Pearson, 2000), pfscan, and pfsearch (Luthy et al., 1994). This involves the databases being split up into smaller portions that are distributed amongst the clients. On each node,a portion of the database is searched and the master merges the results into a single file. MOLLUSC allows incorporation of modules for other search programs. Here we describe: 1) BLAST.pm, a module that allows MOLLUSC to run BLAST (Altschul et al., 1997) on a UNIX cluster. 2) WRAPID, an independent tool designed for processing large numbers of small applications.Systems and MethodsBLAST.pmThe success of the BLAST package is partially due to its short search times, relative to other programs such as FASTA or SSEARCH (Brenner et al., 1998). However, under heavy load (e.g. a Web server), parallelisation would further improve its performance. Also, memory should be big enough to store the entire database or be split into smaller volumes that are sequentially loaded by BLAST. Thus, dividing a large database into smal l er portions that can be individually searched with BLAST onmultiple nodes would be advantageous. However, BLAST E-values are depend ent on the database size, the query size, and the letter composition. Specifically, the E-values are calculated from an effective search space. This is the product of the effective lengths of the query and the database. Fortunately, Figure 1 shows that the effective search space has a near-linear relationship with the search space (product of the actual query and database lengths). Using these linear regression equations, the BLAST.pm package estimates the effective search space and forces this value using the ‘-Y’ option of BLAST for each client. The use of the estimated effective search space yields similar results. For exa mple, using a standard set of sequences, we have found that E-values below 0.001 will be almost identical to those produced when searching against the entire, unpartitioned database (see documentation). The BLAST.pm Perl module is called by the MOLLUSC package through a command-line that closely resembles the BLAST program and runs entirely on PERL, e.g.:mollusc blastall -p blastp -a 4 -d nr.aa -i/fullpath/query -o /fullpath/result -TThe majority of command line options are allowed, but certain o ptions are either forced or removed to facilitate formatting or generation of statistics (see documentation).WRAPIDWhere the whole process of a bioinformatics application (including any query and search databases) fits into the memory space of each client, a small tool called WRAPID (Wrapper for RApid Parallelised Instruction Dispatching) was developed. It speeds up large numbers of small jobs, such as comparing all protein sequences of an organism against one another or aligning a batch of sequences, through parallelisationon a UNIX cluster. The installation effort was kept at a minimum and the application range as broad as possible. The script was written in Perl and only needs to be run on the initiating node - no installation is necessary on the other computers. The only requirements on each client comprise remote login, a shared directory holding clients’ input files and results, and the availability of Perl. Once this is given, many common bioinformatics programs can be easily parallelised through WRAPID. As with MOLLUSC, its usage involves a simple prepending to a valid execution statement, e.g.wrapid.pl ssearch -Q -b 500 -d 0 -H -m 9 -p -S -E 1/fullpath/query /fullpath/databasewrapid.pl cl ustalw /fullpath/file_of_filenamesAdditional command line options or configuration files can be used to adjust the process to different set ups, changing work loads and varying requirements of different applications. So far the wrapper has been successfully tested with the BLAST and FASTA programs, as well as with MPSRCH and ClustalW. WRAPID also provides some extra features, e.g. comprehensive checks for prerequisites are carried out on each node, dynamic assignment of nodes can, a load balancing mechanism, and job completion is checked.ConclusionParallelisation of bioinformatic jobs offers many advantages, including improved performance and scalability. Although communication overheads are likely to affect performance as the cluster becomes larger, we have observed an approximately 19-fold improvement in search times on a 20 node cluster (see documentation). When the database is too big for a single node to search, BLAST should be invoked through BLAST.pm. In cases wh ere a single user has many queries and the entire database canbe searched efficiently by a single node, WRAPID should be used. WRAPID can also be viewed as a batch queuing system for many applications, but differs from BEOBLAST (Grant et al., 1994) in that it is best suited for the single user with multiple queries rather than multiple users with single queries. WRAPID differs from other queuing systems such as LSF (Zhou, 1992) or PBS (Henderson, 1995) in having an installation process that is simple enough to be carried out by a normal user. However, it will not have the advanced job management functions of LSF and PBS.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThis work was aided by HRB Ireland, HEA Ireland, a Trinity College Dublin High Performance Computing studentship, and Science Foundation Ireland. Thanks to the ISREC Bioinformatics group for helpful discussions.FIGUREFigure 1FIGURE LEGENDFig. 1: The linear relationship between the search space (x-axis) and effective search space (y-axis). Using the ENSEMBL human genome peptide and nucleotide databases, an all-against-all BLAST search was done for BLASTP, BLASTN, TBLASTN, BLASTX, and TBLASTX. Each sequence was searched against an entire database that was con catenated to itself (ranging from 5 to 140 copies). For each concatenated database that was searched with a given query, the effective search space and search space were extracted. These were then plotted for each program and the equation of the line was calculated using the linear regression program supplied with STATA (StataCorp, 1997). For figure clarity, the BLASTX and TBLASTX plots are not shown, as they are almost identical to the BLASTP and TBLASTN plots, respectively. All correlation coefficients were between 0.996 and 1. The regression coefficients for this search space are β0 =-1.53e+10, β1=0.74 (BLASTP), β0 =-1.29e+10, β1=0.97 (BLASTN), β0 =-8.57e+9, β1=0.25 (TBLASTN), β0 =-1.63e+10, β1=0.74 (BLASTX), β0 =-9.48e+9, β1=0.25 (TBLASTX).REFERENCESAltschul,S.F., Madden,T.L., Schaffer,A.A., Zhang,J., Zhang,Z., Miller,W. and Lipman,D.J. (1997) Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res.,25, 3389-3402.Brenner,S.E., Chothia,C. and Hubbard,T.J. (1998) Assessing sequence comparison methods with reliable structurally identified distant evolutionary relationships.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 95(11), 6073-6078.Grant J.D., Dunbrack R.L, Manion F.J., and Ochs MF (2002) BeoBLAST: distributed BLAST and PSI-BLAST on a Beowulf cluster. Bioinformatics, 18(5), 765-766.Henderson,R.L. (1995) Job Scheduling under the Portable Batch System. Lecture Notes in Computer Science949, 337-360.Jongeneel,V., Junier,T., Iseli,C., Hofmann,K. and Bucher,P. (1997) INSECT and MOLLUSCS - supercomputing on the cheap. EMBNet News, 4(3), 3-5.Luthy,R., Xenarios,I. and Bucher,P. (1994) Improving the sensitivity of the sequence profile method.Protein Sci.,3(1), 139-46.Pearson,W.R., (2000) Flexible sequence similarity searching with the FASTA3 program package. Methods Mol. Biol.,132, 185-219.StataCorp (1997) Stata statistical software. College Station, Texas.Zhou,S. (1992) LSF: load sharing in large-scale heterogeneous distributed systems. In Proc. of the Workshop on Cluster Computing.。
